THE EFFECT OF COMBINING TWO PAPER PLANE MODELS ON THE FLIGHT OF THE NEW MODEL A STUDY ON THE CHANGE

RianShah

Research

ABSTRACT

Thepresentstudyincludesfoldingeachofthetwopaperplanesandunderstandingtheiraerodynamicsandwhethertheseeffectshaveanychangeontheirindividual flight.Totakeitforward,Iconductedanexperimentwhereinthesetwopaperplanesnamelytheringplaneshapedlikeaflyingtubeandtheconvectionalpaperplane aremergedtogethertherebyincreasingtheefficiencyoftheflight.Together,thepaperplanesmergethetwoconceptsofLaminarFlowandincreaseintheliftduetothe CoandaEffect.Afterthecompletionofthisexperiment,thecombinationofaerodynamicprinciplesleadstoanimprovementintheflightdistance.Themeasurement wascariedoutbydeterminingthelineofbestfitandthencomparingtheresultswithit.Toconclude,theeliminationoftheuselessforcesusingdifferentmethodshelps toincreasetheflightmethod.

KEYWORDS:Ringplane,LaminarFlow,CoandaEffect,Flightmethod.

Therearemanyaerodynamicfactorswhichchangetheeffectivenessoftheflight inanaeroplaneorsimplyapaperplane.Suchfactorsinclude:1. Increaseintheareaofwingsforbetterwingloading

Centreofgravity

DihedralEffectontheplanebychangingthedihedralangle

Thematerialusedtomaketheplane(differenttypesofpaper)

Drag

Thrust

Thenumberoflayerscausedduetofolds 8. TheGlideRatio

Waystoreducenegativeforcesobstructingtheflightofapaperplane: Somesimplewaysofreducingthenegativeforces-suchasdrag,gravity,andair turbulence-arebyreducingthenumberoffoldsusedtomaketheplane,increasing the lift, and changing the dihedral angle respectively Although these are some of the easy methods of doing so, the combination of different models of planes,eachholdingaspecificcharacteristicwhichhelpsforagoodflight,canbe aneffectivewaytoincreasetheefficiencyaspertheexperimentconductedbyme

TubePlane(1):

TheTubePlaneisaspecialkindofpaperplaneshapedlikeatubeasthenamesuggests.Themaincharacteristicofthisparticularmodelisitsabilitytoreducedrag andincreasethelift.Todoso,itspinsalongitsimaginarycentreofgravity,atthe centreofthering,thuscausingupliftbyswirlingtheairthroughitcausingapropulsioneffect.Thisupliftiscausedduetotheboundarylayereffect.Theairtravellingispusheddownwardbecauseofitscurvedshape.Thefactorwhichpushes theairalongthesurfaceiscalledtheCoandaEffect(thecauseduetowhichair travelsalongtheshapeofamovingbodyandfollowsitspathinthatdirection). Allofthesefactorsmakeitanexcellentgliderbutthedrawbackbeingthatitdoesn'ttravelalongerdistancethanthestandardpaperplane.Accordingtotheexperimentconducted,itcouldonlyreachadistanceof 7meters(whenthrownonaflat plainwithoutaslope)beforecrashingdown.

StandardPaperPlane(2):

The standard paper plane, capable of flying a longer distance compared to the tubeplane,hasaverybadliftthuscausingittonotbeingabletoglideforalonger time.Sinceithasaglideratioofaround7.5:1whichisnotefficientforhovering inairforalongerperiodoftime.Theaveragedistancetravelledbyitisaround11 meters(whenthrownonaflatplainwithoutaslope)asrecordedduringexperimentationconductedbyme.Despitehavingabadglideratioanddistance,specificmodificationscanhelpmaintainthedihedralanglewhichinturnprovides stability to the plane. Making larger wings helps to increase the wing ratio and helpstoreducetheeffectofgravityontheplanebycapturingmoreairandthus glidingintheair Onewaytoincreasetheliftistobendthebackofthewingin ordertotiltthenoseoftheplaneinanupwarddirectionandthusincreasingthe altitude. To conclude, the standard paper plane causes a lot of drag and hence reducestheabilityoftheotherfactors,whichhelpinbetterflight,causingitto onlyretainthepropertyofslicingthroughtheairtoanaveragedistancewithout anyglide.

ThecombinedTubeandStandardPaperPlane(3):

Thisparticularmodelisthemaincomponentoftheresearchconducted.Thecombination of these models produce amazing results, increasing the overall flight duration,distance,stability,andglideratio.Thetubeplaneisbuiltunderthestandardplanethusfacilitatingthequalitiesofboththeplanesintoone.However,the question is that, “Does it actually incorporate the individual properties of both theplanesintoone?”.TheanswertothatisaNO.Thetubeplanespinsaroundits imaginary axis, but when joined together the plane cannot spin along with it becauseifitdoesthentheequilibriumisdisturbedandtheplanewillcrashdown. This is when the combination of forces take place. The tube wants to turn and doesturnbutonly180degreesandsoonasitreachesthe180degreemark,the dihedralangleofthewingsbringtheplanebackintopositionandthustwohalf rotationssimulateonecompleterotationhencegivingtheplaneagoodamountof lift.Simultaneously,thestandardpaperplanecontinuestoshowitspropertyof flyinglongdistances.Thusthecombinationoftheliftbythetubeplaneandthe distancegivenbythestandardplanehelpsittoflythroughanenormousdistance of19.5metersonanaveragealongwithgoodstability Extraliftisgiventothe plane by folding the back edge of the wing in an upward direction to push the noseoftheplaneupandthusliftingithigher Thisiscauseddueabetterlaminar

ScholarsProgram,AdityaBirlaWorldAcademy,Mumbai,India.

flow ThespeedalsoincreasesduetotheCoandaEffectwhenairtravelsinthe shapeofaswirlthroughthetubehenceactinglikeapropeller Theheightofthe planeremainshighenoughthroughtheentireflight,itregainssomeheightafter theparabolicfallthusincreasingitsflightdurationanddistance.

(3)

ComparisonChart

Model Average Distance HeightAfter 2Seconds HeightAfter 5Seconds HeightAfter10 Seconds

TubePlane 7m 4ft 2.5ft 0.5ft

StandardPlane 11m 3ft 2ft 0ft

CombinedModel 19.5m 5ft 3ft 2.5ft

Duetoincreasein liftafterparabolic fall

*Calculatedusingalineofbestfitobtainedusingafourthsimplerpaperplaneto getapproximatevalues.

REFERENCES:

I. JohnCollins.(2020,October13).Aerodynamicsexplainedbyaworldrecordpaperairplane designer | level up | wired. YouTube. Retrieved August 10, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3KqjRPV9_PY