Literature
Research Paper
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 4 | Issue : 1 | Jan 2018
GRAMIN PRAWASI KRASHAK PRIVARON DWARA MOUSHAMI STHANANTARAN KI AVADHI ME KARYAN KI PRAVRATTI KA ADHAYAYAN [SEONI JILE KE SANDRABH ME]
xzkeh.k Áoklh Ñ"kd ifjokjksa }kjk ekSleh LFkkukarj.k dh vof/k esa dk;ksZa dh ÁofRr dk v/;;u ¼flouh ftys ds fo'ks"k lanHkZ esa½ Dr. Pratima Wasnik H- 4, Modal School Campus, Barwani, Madhya Pradesh-451551. ABSTRACT Áokl dks fofHkUu fo'ks"kKksa us fofHkUu rjhds ls ifjHkkf"kr fd;k gSA lkekU;r% yksxksa dk O;fDrxr ;k lkewfgd :i ls fuf'pr nwjh ij vius fuokl LFkku dk LFkk;h vFkok v)Z&LFkk;h gks ldrk gSA orZeku esa HkwxksyKksa us tula[;k dh xfr'khyrk rFkk Áokl ls tqM+h leL;kvksa ij /;ku fn;k gS ,oa mudh tkap 'kq: dh gSA le; ds vk/kkj ij Áokl vLFkk;h ;k LFkk;h gksrk gSA nwjh ds ifjis{k; esa ;g nwj vFkok ikl gksrk gSA la[;k ds vk/kkj ij ;g O;fDrxr vFkok lkewfgd gks ldrk gSA ;g jktuhfr }kjk Ák;ksftr vFkok LoSfPNd gks ldrk gS rFkk dkj.kksa ds vk/kkj ij ;g vkfFkZd] lkekftd] lkaLd`frd ;k jktuhfrd gks ldrk gS rFkk Áokl pj.kksa esa ;k rkRdkfyd gks ldrk gSA1 KEYWORDS: Áokl] xfr'khyrk] nwjh.
ifjp; (INTRODUCTION): fodflr ns'kksa esa thfodksiktZu gsrq Je 'kfDr eq[;r% d`f"k vkSj m|ksx nks {ks=ksa esa dk;Zjr~ jgrh gSA nksuksa gh {ks=ksa esa dk;Zjr~ Je&'kfDr LFkkbZ gksrh gSA QyLo:i Je laxBu Hkh LFkk;h] izHkkoiw.kZ ,oa 'kfDr'kkyh gksrs gSa vkSj muds }kjk jk"Vª vkSj O;fä nksuksa ds vkfFkZd fgrksa ,oa y{;ksa dh ÁkfIr gksrh gSA fdUrq Hkkjrh; ifjos'k esa Je 'kfDr dk fodkl LFkk;h :i ls ugha gks ik;k gSA vf/kdka'k Jfed xzkeh.k {ks=ksa ds fuoklh gSa vkSj vkS|ksfxd 'kgjksa esa viuh vkfFkZd ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k dk;Z djus ds fy, vkrs gSa] u rks 'kgj mUgsa viuk ikrk gS vkSj u gh os 'kgj dks viuk ikrs gSaA Qyr% bu nksuksa esa ikjLifjd nwjh cuh jgrh gSA blfy, vf/kdka'k Jfed vius LFkkbZ xzkeh.k ifjokj dh vksj vkdf"kZr gks tkrs gSaA ;g ÁfØ;k pyrh jgrh gS vkSj LFkk;h Je&'kfDr dk fodkl ugha gks ikrk gSA fo'o ds vusd fodkl'khy ns'kksa dh Hkkafr gekjs ns'k ds Hkh vf/kdka'k Jfed o"kZ esa dqN le; vkS|ksfxd dk;Z esa yxkrs gSa rFkk dqN le; xk¡oksa dh ijEijkxr d`f"k esaA bl Ádkj mUgsa vius rFkk vius ifjokj dh mnjiwfrZ gsrq dbZ leL;kvksa dks >syuk iM+rk gSA 'kkgh vk;ksx ds vuqlkj Je dh Áoklh Áo`fRr dh izsj.kk leqnk; ds fcYdqy vkf[kjh fdukjs vFkkZr~ xk¡oksa ls vkrh gSa vkSj Jfed dks 'kgjh thou dk dksbZ ÁyksHku ;k vkd"kZd ugha gksrk gSA tc og viuk xk¡o NksM+rk gS] rks mls ân; esa thou ds fy, vko';d oLrqvksa dks Áokl djus ds vfrfjDr dksbZ mPp vfHkyk"kk ugha gksrhA ;fn mUgsa xk¡o esa gh i;kZIr Hkkstu ,oa oL= izkIr gks tkrk gS] rks cgqr gh de vkS|ksfxd Jfed 'kgjksa esa jguk ilan djrs gSaA os 'kgj tkus ds fy, vkdf"kZr ugha oju~ ck/; gksrs gSaA Hkkjrh; Jfed dk ân; xk¡oksa esa fuokl djrk gSA xzkeh.k ifjokj esa iqu% tkus dh Ácy bPNk muesa lnSo cuh jgrh gSA c<+rh tula[;k vkSj ?kVrh gqbZ Hkwfe] Hkwfe dk vleku forj.k rFkk flapkbZ ds lk/kuksa dk vHkko d`f"k {ks= esa jkstxkj l`tu esa deh djrk tk jgk gSA xzkeh.k d`"kd ifjokjksa ,oa d`f"k etnwjksa dks vc cM+h eqf'dy ls o"kZ esa 3 ;k 4 efgus dk gh jkstxkj fey ikrk gS vkSj d`f"k esa layXu d`"kd ifjokj vc vius thou&;kiu ds fy, vU;= dk;Z djus tkus yxs gSaA bl n`f"Vdks.k ls os viuk d`f"k dk;Z lekIr djds ekSleh Áokl djus dks etcwj gksus yxs gSaA 'kks/k leL;k dk p;u (SELECTION OF RESEARCH PROBLEM): xzkeh.k {ks= esa dk;Z dk vHkko ,oa vYidk;Z tSlh fLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k gh Ñ"kd ifjokj ekSleh Áokl dk lgkjk ysrs gSaA Áokl djus okys ifjokj ekSleh Áokl ds LFkku ij dkSu&dkSu ls dk;Z esa layXu gksrs gS\ Áokl dk le; ¼efguk½ dkSu&lk gksrk gS \ ekSleh Áokl ds LFkku ij etnwjh de feyrh gS ;k vf/kd feyrh gSA bu egRoiw.kZ fcUnqvksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj gh ^^xzkeh.k Áoklh Ñ"kd ifjokjksa }kjk ekSleh LFkkukarj.k dh vof/k esa dk;ksZa dh ÁofRr dk v/;;u** ¼flouh ftys ds fo'ks"k lanHkZ esa½ uked 'kks/k leL;k dk p;u fd;k x;k gSA
oxZ ds yksx fuokl djrs gSa vkSj ;s leLr oxZ d`f"k dk;Z esa rqyukRed :i ls vf/kd layXu gSA le; ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds cnyus ds lkFk&lkFk d`"kd ifjokjksa ds lkeus vusd leL;k,¡ mRiUu gksus yxh gSA ftlds dkj.k ;k vkthfodk dh ryk'k esa Ñ"kd ifjokj 'kgjksa ;k uxjksa dh vksj LFkkukarfjr gksrs gSaA Áokflr d`"kd ifjokjksa ds lnL;ksa }kjk ekSleh izokl ;k LFkkukarj.k ds LFkku ij dkSu lk dk;Z fd;k tkrk gS vkSj Áokl dk mi;qDr le; dkSu lk gksrh gS\ blds lkFk gh mUgs Áokl okys LFkku ij fdruh etnwjh feyrh gSA bu egRoiw.kZ fcUnqvksa ls lacaf/kr ;g v/;;u Áokl djus okys yksxksa ds fodkl esa egRoiw.kZ lkfcr gksxk gSA fun'kZu ÁfØ;k (SAMPLING PROCESS): v/;;u ds lexz (Univers of study) ds :i esa flouh ftys ds dqy xk¡oksa esa ls 15 xk¡oksa dk p;u mn~ns';ksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj lksn~ns'; Áfrp;u fof/k2 ls fd;k x;k gSA bu xk¡oksa esa ls lokZf/kd d`"kd ifjokjksa }kjk Áokl fd;k tkrk gSA bu p;fur dqy xk¡oksa es ls ÁR;sd xk¡o ls 30 d`"kd ifjokjksa dk p;u rhu Lrjksa ij Lrjhd`r fun'kZu fof/k3 fd;k x;k gSA bu Lrjksa esa ÁFke Lrj ij vuqlwfpr tkfr ds dqy d`"kd ifjokjksa esa ls 10 d`"kd ifjokjksa dk p;u nSo fun'kZu i)fr4 ls fd;k x;k gS rFkk f}rh; Lrj ij vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds dqy d`"kd ifjokjksa esa ls 10 d`"kd ifjokjksa ,oa blh izdkj ls r`rh; Lrj ij vU; fiNM+k oxZ ds dqy d`"kd ifjojksa esa ls 10 d`"kd ifjokjksa dk p;u fd;k x;k gSA dqy 15 xk¡oksa esa ls 150 vuqlwfpr tkfr] 150 vuqlwfpr tutkfr ,oa 150 vU; fiNM+k oxZ ds d`"kd ifjokjksa dk p;u fd;k x;k gSA bl Ádkj dqy 15 xk¡oksa ls 450 d`"kd ifjokjksa ¼15 x 30½ dk p;u v/;;u dh bdkbZ¼Unit of study½ ds :i esa fd;k x;k gSA lead ladyu ds L=ksr (SOURCE OF DATA COLLECTION): bl v/;;u gsrq ÁkFkfed vk¡dM+ksa (Primary data) dk ladyu dk lk{kkRdkj vuqlwph] voyksdu] lewg ppkZ vkfn ds ek/;e ls fd;k x;k gS rFkk f}rh;d leadksa ¼Secondary data½ dk ladyu fofHkUu ekud iqLrdksa] 'kks/k izca/k] lanfHkZr iqLrdksa] 'kks/k&i=ksa] ftyk xtsfV;j iqLrd] ftyk lkaf[;dh; iqfLrdk] Hkkjrh; tux.kuk] fofHkUu 'kkldh; ,oa v'kkldh; dk;kZy;ksa ds Áfrosnuksa] ljdkjh lfefr;ksa ds Árosnuksa vkfn ds ek/;e ls fd;k x;k gSA
2- Áokflr ifjokjksa ij ekSleh LFkkukUrj.k ds le; ,oa ÁkIr gksus okyh etnwjh dh fLFkfr dk v/;;u djukA
v/;;u ds fu"d"kZ (FINDINGS OF STUDY): bl v/;;u ds Áeq[k fu"d"kZ fuEu Ádkj gS& 1- ekSleh Áokl okys LFkku ij dk;Z dh izd`fr ds laca/k esa ÁkIr vk¡dM+ksa ds vuqlkj 39 çfr'kr d`"kd ifjokj Áokflr LFkku ij d`f"k etnwjh djrs gSa rFkk yxHkx 61 çfr'kr vU; dk;ksZa esa layXu gksrs gSaA bu vU; dk;ksZa ds vUrxZr m|ksx {ks=] fuekZ.k dk;Z] xUuk fey] VkbYl cukuk] iRFkj rksM+uk] ?kjsyw dk;ksZa esa layXu gksuk] Bsyk pykuk] pk; ;k iku dh nqdku esa dk;Z djuk 'kkfey gSA bl izdkj Li"V gS fd Áokl djus okys lokZf/kd d`"kd ifjokj vius Áokflr LFkku ij fofHkUu izdkj ds vkfFkZd dk;Z djds vius ifjokj ds ikyu iks"k.k esa ;ksxnku nsrs gSaA ogha nwljh vksj 'ks"k d`"kd ifjokj d`f"k etnwj ds :i esa dk;Z djds Hkh viuk ;ksxnku nsrs gSaA bl Ádkj T;knkrj d`"kd ifjokj vU; dk;ksZa esa gh layXu gksrs gSaA
v/;;u dk egRo (IMPORTANT OF STUDY): e/;izns'k ds flouh ftys esa Áeq[k :i ls vuqlwfpr tkfr] tutkfr ,oa vU; fiNM+k
2- çokl djus okys d`"kd ifjokjksa ds Áokl ds ekSle ds laca/k esa ÁkIr vk¡dM+ksa ds vuqlkj v/;;u {ks= ds lokZf/kd d`"kd ifjokj tuojh ls ekpZ ds efgus esa
v/;;u ds mn~ns'; (OBJECTIVE OF STUDY): 1- Áokl djus okys Ñ"kd ifjokjksa }kjk ekSleh LFkkukUrj.k ds LFkku ij fd, tkus okys dk;ksZa dk v/;;u djukA
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International Education & Research Journal [IERJ]
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