Literature
Research Paper
E-ISSN No : 2454-9916 | Volume : 4 | Issue : 1 | Jan 2018
VANOTPADAN AUR VANON KI UPYOGITA KA MAHATV AVM PRABHAVON KA ADHAYYAN [MANDLA JILE KE VISHESH SANDRABH ME]
ouksRiknu vksj ouksa dh mi;ksfxrk dk egRo ,oa ÁHkkoksa dk v/;;u ¼eaMyk ftys ds fo'ks"k lanHkZ esa½ Dr. Tulsiram Jadhav tefj;k QY;k xzke] iksLV lksyou] rglhy ojyk] ftyk] cM+okuh ¼e-Á-½ 451666. ABSTRACT {ks=h; ,oa tutkrh; leqnk; ouksa ls dgha u dgha izR;{k rFkk vizR;{k :i ls tqM+k jgrk gSA blfy, budh thou 'kSyh esa ouksa dk egRo dgha vf/kd ?kfu"V :i ls rks dgha vkaf'kd :i ls laca/k cuk jgrk gSA vr% {ks=h; o tutkrh; leqnk; ou {ks=ksa ls fofHkUu izdkj dh y?kq ou mRikfnr oLrqvksa dh izkfIr dj okf.kfT;d mn~ns'; dh iwfrZ djrs jgs gS] tSls & yk[k] gjkZ] fofHkUu izdkj ds xksan] e/kqekse] fpjksath] 'kgn] djksank] lky] cgsM+k] vk¡oyk] tkequ] rsanw] ourqylh] eqlyh] lhrkQy] jkeQy ,oa fofHkUu izdkj ds Qy] ?kkl] oukS"kf/k] dUn] 'kkd&lfCt;k¡ ,oa ydfM+;k vkfnA bu okf.kT; mi;ksxh oLrqvksa ds laxzgksijkUr bUgsa vklikl ds xk¡oksa vFkok dLcksa ds LFkkuh; O;ikfj;ksa dks cSpk tkrk jgk gSA lkFk gh eosf'k;ksa ds fy, pkjk] flj Hkkj tykÅ ydM+h vkfn dh iwfrZ {ks=h; o tutkrh; efgykvksa }kjk vius vklikl ds xk¡oksa vFkok dLcksa esa cSp dj vkaf'kd vk; izkIr djrs jgs gSA ftlls nSfud vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ gksrh jgh gSA eaMyk ftys esa {ks=h; o tutkrh; leqnk;ksa ds mRrjnkrkvksa }kjk crk;k x;k fd orZeku esa ouksa esa ikS/kk jksi.k] rkj QSaf'kax] ckm.Mjh ds fiYyj cukus] dVs isM+ksa dks gVkus] NksVh&NksVh fljcks> tykÅ ,oa bekjrh ydM+h ykus] ydM+h dk dks;yk ykus] ckWl dk leku] chM+h o QuhZpj cukus] yk[k] xksan] 'kgn] js'ke mRiknu] i'kqvksa ds fy, pkjk] f'kdkj rFkk dUn&ewy] Qy&Qwy o iRrs&Hkkth vkfn ouksRiknuksa ds }kjk ouksa ls izR;{k :i ls vk; vftZr dh tkrh gSA ifjp; (INTRODUCTION): {ks=h; vFkZO;oLFkk ,oa tutkrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk loZizFke xq.k bldh izk—frd okroj.k ij fuHkZj FkhA nwljs 'kCnksa esa budh lEiw.kZ vFkZO;oLFkk ou ds pkjksa vksj ?kwerh jgh gSaA vius ljyre midj.kksa ds ek/;e ls rFkk fcuk fdlh ckgjh rduhdh lgk;rk ds ;s viuh t:jrksa dks izk;% lHkh phtsa ;Fkk [kkn~; mi;ksxh dUn&ewy] Qy&Qwy] lkx&lfCt;k¡] 'kgn] dhM+sa] i'kq&i{kh] [kjxks'k] cUnj] lqvj] fgj.k ,oa vU; ukuk izdkj ds tUrq bR;kfn Lora= :i ls izkIr djrs jgs gSaA1 ftlls mUgsa ouksa dh mi;ksfxrk dk egRo dk ,sglkl de gksrk Fkk] fdUrq orZeku ,d rjQ c<+rh gqbZ tula[kk] ouksRiknuksa ls dPps dh cM+rh ekaxksa ls ouksvk/kkfjr O;olk;ksa esa o`}h gqbZ] ogh nqljh vksj ljdkjh ou laj{k.k dkuwu ,oa ;kstukvksa ds pyrs {ks=h; o tutkrh; leqnk; esa mudh ouksvk/kkfjr vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ ,oa O;olk;ksa dks ifjflfer dj fn;k gS ftlls ouksa dh mi;ksfxrk dk egRo vkSj Hkh cM+ tkrk gSA 'kks/k leL;k dk p;u (SELECTION OF RESEARCH PROBLEM): {ks=h; o tutkrh; leqnk; ds thou esa ouksa dk egRo oU;ksU;kfJr lEcU/k jgk gS] {ks=h; o oU; tkrh; vFkZO;oLFkk rFkk —f"k ouksa ds lkFk dkQh xgjkbZ :i ls tqM+sa gq, gSA [kkn~; inkFkZ] bZa/ku] bZekjrh ydM+h] ?kjsyw lkexzh] tM+h&cwVh rFkk i'kq pkjk] f'kdkj] —f"k o —f"k midj.k bR;kfn ds fy, {ks=h; o oU; tkfr rFkk tutkfr;k¡ ouksa ij gh fuHkZj jgs gSA ogh nqljh vkSj ouksRiknuksa dh eakx o`}h ds lkFk&lkFk ljdkjh ou laj{k.k dkuwu ,oa ;kstukvksa ds pyrs ouksRiknu {ks= flfer gksus yxk ftlls {ks=h; o tutkrh; leqnk; esa ikfjokfjd ,oa lkekftd] vkfFkZd ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks cpkus fy, ouksa dk egRo c<+ tkrk gS ftldk lektL; LFkkfir gks lds\ bu egRoiw.kZ fcUnqvksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj gh ^^ouksRiknu vksj ouksa dh mi;ksfxrk dk egRo ,oa ÁHkkoksa dk v/;;u** ¼eaMyk ftys ds fo'ks"k lanHkZ esa½ uked 'kks/k leL;k dk p;u fd;k x;k gSA v/;;u ds mn~ns'; (OBJECTIVE OF STUDY): 1- {ks=h; o tutkrh; leqnk; esa ouksa dk egRo ,oa ÁHkkoksa dk v/;;u djukA 2- {ks=h; o tutkrh; leqnk; esa ouksa dh cM+rh gqbZ miksfxrk ds lektL; v/;;u djukA v/;;u dk egRo (IMPORTANT OF STUDY): {ks=h; ,oa tutkrh; fodkl esa ouksa dk ;ksxnku izR;{k :i ls egRoiw.kZ gSA ouksa ds fodkl ls {ks=h; vFkZO;oLFkk esa o`f) gksxh gS vkSj yksxksa dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr esa Hkh lq/kkj gksxkA mudk lkekftd thou] jgu&lgu vkfn lHkh esa ifjorZu gksxkA vr% izLrqr v/;;u esa ;g tkuus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS] fd ftu {ks=ksa esa ouksRiknu ds ?kVus] ljdkjh vf/kfu;eksa ds ykxw gksus ,oa f'kdkj ij izfrca/k yxkus ls muds thou Lrj esa D;k ifjroZu gqvk gS\ ou vf/kfu;eksa ls {ks=h; fodkl esa D;k izHkko gqvk gS\ ?kVrs ouksa dks dSls cpk;k tk ldrk gS\ ou laj{k.k ls D;k&D;k egRo gS\ mudk irk yxkuk vkSj lek/kku [kkstus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA
fun'kZu ÁfØ;k (SAMPLING PROCESS): v/;;u ds lexz (Univers of study) ds :i esa eaMyk ftys dh lHkh rglhys] eaMyk] fuokl fcfN;k o uSuiqj dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gSA izR;sd rglhy ls 5&5 xkaoksa dk p;u xzkeksa esa ouksa dk {ks=Qy rFkk ouksas ij fuHkZj tula[;k ds vk/kkj ij lksn~ns'; Áfrp;u fof/k2 ls p;u fd;k x;k gSA bu p;fur dqy xk¡oksa es ls izR;sd p;fur xk¡o ls nso fun'kZu fof/k }kjk 20&20 ifjokjksa dks v/;;u dh bdkbZ;ksa esa lEefyr fd;k x;k gSA v/;;u ds mn~ns';ksa dh iwfrZ gsrq ifjokj ds eqf[k;k dk lk{kkRdkj fd;k x;k eqf[k;k ls lk{kkRdkj ds nkSjku fodklkRed dk;ZØeksa ls ouksRiknuksa ls mudh vkfFkZd ,oa lkekftd ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vk;s cnyko ouksa ls izkIr lalk/ku dk foi.ku vkfn tkudkfj;k¡ ,d= dh xbZ gSA lead ladyu ds L=ksr (SOURCE OF DATA COLLECTION): bl v/;;u gsrq ÁkFkfed vk¡dM+ksa (Primary data) dk ladyu dk lk{kkRdkj vuqlwph] voyksdu] lewg ppkZ vkfn ds ek/;e ls fd;k x;k gS rFkk f}rh;d leadksa (Secondary data) dk ladyu fofHkUu ekud iqLrdksa] 'kks/k izca/k] lanfHkZr iqLrdksa] 'kks/k&i=ksa] ftyk xtsfV;j iqLrd] ftyk lkaf[;dh; iqfLrdk] Hkkjrh; tux.kuk] fofHkUu 'kkldh; ,oa v'kkldh; dk;kZy;ksa ds Áfrosnuksa] ljdkjh lfefr;ksa ds Árosnuksa vkfn ds ek/;e ls fd;k x;k gSA v/;;u ds fu"d"kZ (FINDINGS OF STUDY): {ks=h; ,oa tutkrh; leqnk; ouksa ls dgha u dgha izR;{k rFkk vizR;{k :i ls tqM+k jgrk gSA blfy, budh thou 'kSyh esa ouksa dk egRo dgha vf/kd ?kfu"V :i ls rks dgha vkaf'kd :i ls laca/k cuk jgrk gS] bl v/;;u ds Áeq[k fu"d"kZ fuEu Ádkj gS& 1- v/;;u {ks= esa ouksa esa etnwjh tSls & rsanwiRrk rksM+us] cjlkr ds ekSle esa ikS/kkjksi.k] vU; le; dVs isM+ksa dks gVkuk] iqjkus o`{kksa dh dVkbZ djuk] ouksa esa rkjk Qsaflax] lM+d fuekZ.k vkfn dk;ksZa ls {ks=h; o tuttkrh; leqnk;ksa esa thou fuokZg ds fy, lokZf/kd okf"kZd o`f) ikbZ xbZ gS ftlds dkj.k {ks=h; ,oa tutkrh; leqnk;ksa esa ouksa dk egRo cM+ tkrk gSA 2- v/;;u {ks= esa iwoZ esa foØ; gsrq fpjkSath] egqvk&xqyh] dan&ewy] Qy&Qwy] bekjrh ydM+h] vkaoyk] 'kgn] gjkZ cgsjk] fHkyok] tMh cwfV;ka] yk[k xksan] {ks=h; ,oa tutkfr;ksa dks taxy ls izkIr gksrh gS tks mldh vk; dk eq[; L=ksr gS ftldk orZeku ouksRinu ds ewY; esa o`f) ls losZf{kr ifjokjksa dh okf"kZd vk; esa o`f) ikbZ xbZ gSA 3- vr% rkfydk ls Li"V gksrk gS fd v/;;u {ks= esa taxyksa esa i'kqvksa ds pkjk ikIr gksus ds dkj.k i'kqvksa ls okf"kZd lokZf/kd 5]000 :- izkIr djus okys 31 izfr'kr ik;s x;s] ogh nqljh vksj izk—frd okroj.k ,oa i;kZoj.k laj{kk.k ouksa dk egRo cM+ tkrk gSA
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International Education & Research Journal [IERJ]
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