Test Bank for Philosophy - A Historical Survey with Essential Readings 11th Edition by Stumpf

Chapter 02 Test Bank ANSWERS ARE LOCATED IN THE SECOND PART OF THIS DOCUMENT TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

1) Anaximander argued that the primary substance out of which all specific things in the world come is an indefinite or boundless realm.

1) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : What Is Permanent in Existence?

Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Anaximander argued that the...

2) Anaximenes argued that things are what they are by virtue of how condensed or expanded

the water is that makes up those things.

2) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : What Is Permanent in Existence?

Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Anaximenes argued that things...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 3) Pythagoras believed that the study of mathematics is the best purifier of the soul.

3) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : The Mathematical Basis of All Things Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Pythagoras believed that the...

4) To say that everything is in flux meant for Heraclitus that the world is an “ever-living sea.”

4) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > To say that everything...

5) According to Heraclitus, the process of change is not a haphazard movement but the product

of God’s universal Reason.

5) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > According to Heraclitus, the...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 6) According to Heraclitus, the soul’s most distinctive and important attribute is wisdom or

thought.

6) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > According to Heraclitus, the...

7) Parmenides argues that the world consists of one divisible thing.

7) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Parmenides argues that the...

8) According to Parmenides and Zeno, to philosophize, one must not only look at the world but

also think about it in order to understand it.

8) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > According to Parmenides and...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 9) According to Empedocles, the force of Love causes the decomposition of things.

9) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > According to Empedocles, the...

10) Anaxagoras considered Matter the moving or controlling force in the cosmos and in human

bodies.

10) ______ ⊚ true ⊚ false Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Anaxagoras considered Matter the moving...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

11) Which of the following was the focus of Thales’s novel inquiry?

11) ______ A) the nature of things B) the source of cognition C) the nature of intelligence D) the origin of humanlike gods Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : What Is Permanent in Existence?

Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following...

12) Which of the following statements is true of Thales of Miletus?

12) ______ A) He believed that carbon was the cause of all things.

B) He earned the title of “First Philosopher” of Western civilization.

C) He argued that all definite things are specific variations of something that is more

primary.

D) He explained natural phenomena using mythical terms instead of using science.

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Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 13) Thales assumed that various things in the world were related to each other by the One which

laid at the foundation of all physical reality, and for him, the One was 13) ______ A) water.

B) carbon.

C) the Sun. D) soil.

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Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Thales assumed that various...

14) Which of the following was Thales’s unique contribution to thought?

14) ______ A) his notion that all things in the world are offshoots of something primary B) his notion that all things in the world are independent of gods C) his notion that there is a basic similarity between various things in the world D) his notion that various things in the world are unrelated to each other Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : What Is Permanent in Existence?

Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 15) Which of the following statements is true of Anaximander?

15) ______ A) He believed that the basic stuff of various things in the world was water.

B) He explained natural phenomena in mythical, nondebatable terms.

C) He believed that the source of actual things was indeterminate.

D) He believed that the source of finite things is also finite.

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16) Anaximander said that all life comes from 16) ______ A) the sea.

B) dry land.

C) the air.

D) moist land.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 17) Anaximenes designated ________ as the primary substance from which all things come.

17) ______ A) water B) air C) dry land D) god Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : What Is Permanent in Existence?

Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Anaximenes designated ________ as...

18) Which of the following statements is true of the early Pythagoreans?

18) ______ A) The early Pythagoreans included women.

B) The majority of the early Pythagoreans were women C) The early Pythagoreans devoted themselves to mythology.

D) The majority of the early Pythagoreans believed that water is the cause of all things.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 19) In contrast to the Milesians, the Pythagoreans 19) ______ A) said that things consist of numbers.

B) said that water is the cause of all things.

C) thought in terms of traditional mythology.

D) believed that the source of actual things was determinate.

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20) Pythagoras distinguished three different kinds of lives by illustrating three different kinds of

people who go to the Olympian games. In the context of this illustration, which of the following is true of the lowest class of people?

20) ______ A) It is made up of those who go to the Olympian games to analyze what is happening.

B) It is made up of those who go to the Olympian games to gain honors.

C) It is made up of those who go to the Olympian games to buy and sell.

D) It is made up of those who go to the Olympian games to compete.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 21) Pythagoras distinguished three different kinds of lives by illustrating three different kinds of

people who go to the Olympian games. In the context of this illustration, which of the following is true of those who go as spectators?

21) ______ A) They go to the games to buy and sell.

B) They go to the games to compete.

C) They focus on gaining honors.

D) They reflect upon and analyze what is happening.

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22) Which of the following was considered by Pythagoreans to be a purifier of the soul?

22) ______ A) dry land B) mythological thinking C) theoretical thinking D) water Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : The Mathematical Basis of All Things Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 23) Which of the following was the most important philosophical notion formulated by the

Pythagoreans?

23) ______ A) the concept of form B) the concept of fate C) the concept of the gods D) the concept of moral order Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : The Mathematical Basis of All Things Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following was...

24) For the Pythagoreans in their conception of form, form meant 24) ______ A) limit.

B) the boundless.

C) indeterminate.

D) primary matter.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 25) The Pythagoreans believed that the concept of limit was best exemplified in 25) ______ A) literature and science.

B) music and medicine.

C) religion.

D) physical sports.

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26) Which of the following was the chief idea of Heraclitus?

26) ______ A) All things are in harmony.

B) All things are static.

C) All things are in flux.

D) All things are numbers.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 27) Which of the following is a reason why Heraclitus considered fire as the basic element in

things?

27) ______ A) because fire is never in flux B) because fire is always in harmony C) because fire need not be constantly fed D) because fire is simultaneously a deficiency and a surplus Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following is...

28) Which of the following is true of the views of Heraclitus?

28) ______ A) He maintained that the primary substance out of which all specific things come is a

boundless realm.

B) He maintained that nothing is really ever lost in the nature of things.

C) He maintained that all things are an exchange for water.

D) He maintained that all definite things in the world are only variations of themselves.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 29) According to Heraclitus, the most real thing of all is 29) ______ A) the soul.

B) the sea.

C) water.

D) air.

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30) Which of the following does Heraclitus consider to be the One, or God? 30) ______ A) air B) earth C) water D) fire Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following does...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 31) Which of the following terms means that God is identical with the totality of things in the

Universe?

31) ______ A) panentheist B) pantheist C) deist D) agnostic Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following terms...

32) Heraclitus believed that ________ is the universal Reason.

32) ______ A) fire B) air C) water D) earth Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Heraclitus believed that ________ is...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 33) Which of the following refers to the idea that all people are equally citizens of the world

precisely because they all share in the One, in God’s Reason?

33) ______ A) localism B) cosmopolitanism C) nationalism D) statism Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following refers...

34) Heraclitus’s solution of the conflict of opposites rests upon his major assumption that 34) ______ A) there is a personal God who judged that all things are good.

B) good and ill are different from each other.

C) nothing is ever lost.

D) nothing ever changes its form.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 35) The followers of the school of philosophy established by Parmenides became known as 35) ______ A) Eleatics.

B) Sophists.

C) Pythagoreans.

D) Ionians.

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36) Which of the following statements is true of Parmenides’s theory?

36) ______ A) The entire universe consists of one thing which never changes.

B) The entire universe consists of one thing which has many parts.

C) The entire universe consists of one thing which changes through fire.

D) The entire universe consists of one thing which is diverse.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 37) Why did Parmenides believe that there is only one single, unchanging, and eternal thing that

exists?

37) ______ A) He thought that change is unity in diversity.

B) He believed in traditional mythological reasoning.

C) He was more persuaded by what he saw with his own eyes than by scientific

reasoning.

D) He was more persuaded by logical reasoning than by what he saw with his own eyes.

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38) Parmenides’s view differs from that of Heraclitus in that Parmenides 38) ______ A) holds that all things are Fire/God. B) argues that all things are in flux.

C) argues that nothing ever changes.

D) holds that everything is in constant change.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 39) Which of the following is a view held by Parmenides?

39) ______ A) The One which makes up the entire universe must be a perfect square.

B) The One which makes up the entire universe must be motionless.

C) The process of change is the only reality.

D) The world consists of one divisible thing.

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40) Which of the following did Parmenides reject?

40) ______ A) the commonsense notions of change and multiplicity B) the notion that the one thing that makes up the universe can never be destroyed C) the notion that change and diversity are illusions D) the commonsense notions of appearance and reality Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following did...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 41) Which of the following assumptions of Parmenides did the Pythagoreans reject?

41) ______ A) that the distinction between appearance and reality is logically flawed B) that there is plurality of things C) that reality is One D) that the world consists of one divisible thing Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following assumptions...

42) Identify a true statement about the Pythagoreans?

42) ______ A) They believed that the world consists of one indivisible thing.

B) They believed in a plurality of things.

C) They believed that motion and change are illusions.

D) They believed in the existence of one thing that has no parts that makes up the

universe.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 43) Which of the following is a view held by Zeno?

43) ______ A) Our senses do not give us reliable knowledge.

B) Our senses do not give us opinion.

C) Our senses give us knowledge about reality.

D) Our senses give us clues about reality and appearances.

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44) Which of the following is a principal assumption that is the basis of the commonsense view

of the world?

44) ______ A) There is no physical differentiation in the world.

B) The world does not exhibit change and multiplicity.

C) The world consists of one indivisible thing.

D) Changes occur throughout time.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 45) Which of the following is a conclusion drawn by Zeno using his four principal paradoxes?

45) ______ A) There can be a clear definition of motion as it is a relative concept.

B) Motion can be thought of in a coherent way.

C) Motion does not exist.

D) Everything must be many instead of One. Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following is...

46) Which of the following views of Parmenides was reiterated by Zeno?

46) ______ A) that change and motion are illusions B) that there is only one discontinuous being C) that there is only one immaterial being D) that there is a plurality of things Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following views...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 47) With which of the following views of Parmenides did Empedocles agree?

47) ______ A) that being is many not One B) that being is uncreated C) that being is destructible D) that existence consists simply of the One Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > With which of the following...

48) Which of the following views of Parmenides did Empedocles reject?

48) ______ A) that there is motion of objects B) that being is many not One C) that existence consists simply of the One D) that being is indestructible Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following views...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 49) According to Empedocles, to accept the notion of the One, as Parmenides did, requires one to

deny the reality of 49) ______ A) many beings that are changeless.

B) many beings that are eternal.

C) matter.

D) motion.

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50) Empedocles agreed with Parmenides that being is 50) ______ A) indestructible.

B) simply One. C) not many.

D) motionless.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 51) According to Empedocles, the objects that one sees and experiences 51) ______ A) do not come into being.

B) are composed of many material particles.

C) can never be destroyed.

D) are made of particles that keep changing.

Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > According to Empedocles, the objects...

52) According to Empedocles, which of the following are the forces of nature that cause the four

eternal material elements to intermingle and later to separate?

52) ______ A) Love and Hate B) Necessity and Disorder C) Change and Motion D) Compression and Expansion Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > According to Empedocles, which of...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 53) Which of the following was the major philosophical contribution of Anaxagoras?

53) ______ A) the concept of limit B) the concept of mind C) the conception of numbers D) the concept of form Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Remember Difficulty : Easy Topic : Attempts to Explain Change Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Which of the following was...

54) Which of the following is a view held by Leucippus and Democritus?

54) ______ A) All atoms are the same in terms of their shape and size.

B) Atoms are divisible.

C) There are an infinite number of atoms which contain empty spaces.

D) Atoms are indestructible and eternal.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

55) Discuss Thales’s unique contribution to thought.

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Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Discuss Thales’s unique contribution...

56) How did Anaximander’s thoughts differ from those of Thales’s?

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Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > How did Anaximander’s thoughts...

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 57) Explain how Anaximenes mediated between Thales’s notion of a definite substance and

Anaximander’s notion of the boundless.

Question Details Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation Accessibility : Screen Reader Compatible Bloom's : Understand Difficulty : Medium Topic : What Is Permanent in Existence?

Source : Chapter 01 Test Bank > Explain how Anaximenes mediated...

58) Discuss the philosophical notion of the concept of form formulated by the Pythagoreans.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 59) Discuss the atomistic theory about the nature of things formulated by Leucippus and

Democritus.

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Chapter 02 Test Bank Answer Key Test name: Chapter 01 Test Bank 1) TRUE 2) FALSE 3) TRUE 4) FALSE 5) TRUE 6) TRUE 7) FALSE 8) TRUE 9) FALSE 10) FALSE 11) A 12) B 13) A 14) C 15) C 16) A 17) B 18) A 19) A 20) C 21) D 22) C 23) A 24) A 25) B 26) C 27) D 28) B 29) A 30) D 31) B 32) A 33) B 34) C 35) A 36) A 37) D 30

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Chapter 02 Test Bank 38) C 39) B 40) A 41) C 42) B 43) A 44) D 45) C 46) A 47) B 48) C 49) D 50) A 51) B 52) A 53) B 54) D 55) Short Answer 56) Short Answer 57) Short Answer 58) Short Answer 59) Short Answer

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