The Parking Professional December 2016

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Future Vision: 21st Century

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Stormwater Management

THE INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

365 Days, Big Green Sustainable Parking in 2016

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TDM Cozies Up to Parking

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IPI’s Green Star Exhibitors

DECEMBER 2016

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WAYFINDING DECEMBER 2016 | Volume 32 | Number 12

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Future Vision

What is 21st century parking?

For one thing, very different.

VISION

By Paul Wessel

P

arking during its first 100 years evolved slowly and linearly, much like the evolution of the automobile in the same time period. It was all about the car and the space. The next 100 years will be as different as the computer on which I am now writing from the typewriter on which I learned how to type.

The first 10 items in a Google search of “the future of parking” as I write in mid-October give us a hint of what lies ahead: 1. Road & Track’s “A Big Makeover Is Coming to the Parking Garage of the Future Thanks to Autonomy” concludes that autonomous vehicles will usher in, community by community, a human-centered approach to planning and development.

2. Urbanization, self-driving cars, and ride-hailing services (e.g., Uber) drives Mother Jones to envision a “low-parking” future in “No Parking Here.”

3. No. 3 was a repeat of No. 1.

4. Governing magazine posits that the shift to ride-hailing services might “be the end of parking requirements as we know them.”

5. The Parking Professional’s “The Future of Parking Policies” summarizes a report for the Dutch government about how parking policies need to recognize parking’s role as the connector between mobility and place (see the August 2014 issue).

6. Tim Haahs’ The Parking Professional piece, “The Future of Parking Design,” lays out the evolution of parking design’s focus from utilitarian storage, to safety and security, to facades, to, ultimately, comfort and sustainability (see the October 2013 issue).

7. Self-driving cars, the internet of things, smart cities, millennials, and data analytics will be the “5 Trends Driving the Future of Parking,” predicts T2, a parking management technology firm.

8. In “Denver developers have seen the future of parking, and it is no parking at all,” The Denver Post describes how that city’s parking garages are currently being built with extra floor height, flat plates, and removable ramps to allow for future adaptive reuse.

9. Luxe’s virtual valet app is the focus of a Business Insider piece.

10. An Education Business (“Business information for decision makers in primary and secondary education”) reports on how parking policy and technology changes are playing out in Great Britain.

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

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I expected autonomous vehicles, apps, public policy, and Uber all to be part of what I found. But parking coverage in Road & Track?

In Mother Jones? In an IT magazine for schools? Construction now anticipating non-parking use in the future? I was impressed how rapidly the parking discussion is broadening. (After you read this piece, try Googling it for yourself and see how the discussion has moved even further.)

As my Google search indicated, 21st century parking will unquestionably be as different from its past as the wall phone in my kitchen is from the smartphone in my pocket. No longer will parking facilities and operations be stand-alone, single-function entities. Like my smartphone, parking structures will become a platform for, and part of a web of, ever-evolving and self-updating mobility choices.

The Potential The garage might fuel my owned or shared car or even offer me the option to join a coworker heading home in the same direction as me. It might house someone in the C-suite’s $8,000 Trek Madone bike or her Tesla. Maybe it will rebate my coworker for not parking in it or offer him a convertible on Saturday and a van on Sunday. It might even be a virtual garage, guaranteeing us spaces in nearby facilities with excess capacity. Parking operations will parking.org/tpp

grow increasingly entwined with the car, the building, and a web of transportation options to mature into something like, in SP+ words, “access management.”

As personal mobility choices evolve, so too will the markets around them. As Navigant Research explains, “By 2050, perhaps the only element of personal mobility common to the turn of this century will be the act of moving around in self-contained vehicles on wheels. … Many of today’s businesses will be gone, but new ones will emerge and current players will evolve to stay relevant—and profitable—in this new transportation environment.1” For those of us inclined to see triple bottom line opportunities, this is a wonderfully fertile moment for parking. As we enjoy the benefits of innovation, investors, tenants, local governments, and communities are starting to focus on how buildings and transportation affect the health and well-being of individuals and the world around them. As nations move forward to implement climate change agreements, tracking and reducing carbon emissions will become a growing demand on our access management work.

Because nearly a quarter of the world’s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are caused by transportation,2 and because cars, trucks, and airplanes now emit more CO2 than America’s power plants do, the new transportation environment predicted by Navigant DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

What is 21st century parking? For one thing, very different.

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Big Green

By Megan Leinart, LEED AP BD+C

A

NOTHER YEAR HAS COME AND GONE, and what a year it was. In the parking industry, we have continued to see the public and private sectors embrace the latest and greatest sustainability initiatives and technologies. A new partnership between the IPI and the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) has brought these ideas even more to the mainstream, broadening the reach into an even

greater audience. Further, a growing number of parking industry leaders continue to work to promote and advance the value of integrating sustainable parking planning, design, construction, management, and technology.

It’s been an exciting year on the parking front, and we continue to see groundbreaking success stories. Here, we present just a few of these stories and the effects they have had. They will also help to provide a blueprint for what continues to be possible in this constantly evolving part of our industry.

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

Stanford University Energy System Innovation

Stanford University continues to be a leader in innovation and progress, particularly through the implementation of cutting-edge sustainability initiatives.

One such initiative is the Stanford Energy System Innovation (SESI), which has transformed how energy is delivered to the campus to heat and cool its buildings. By using electricity purchased from renewable sources, the university will reduce its carbon emissions by 68 percent.

Stanford’s Parking & Transportation Services, a division of Sustainability & Energy Management, is contributing to SESI with two cutting-edge projects: electrification of the Marguerite bus yard and fleet and solar panel installation on the Stock Farm Garage.

Stanford’s Marguerite shuttle program has been expanding its use of electric buses on campus since 2014.

The successful performance of the program’s initial 13 buses has led the university to acquire an additional 10.

The university converted a portion of its existing bus yard to serve as the charging and storage facility for all 23 electric buses. This project was the first of a phased approach to convert the entire bus yard and adjacent parking lot into an electric charging facility for an eventual all-electric Marguerite bus fleet. This project also facilitated the installation of electric vehicle chargers in the adjacent Stock Farm Garage, doubling the charging capacity of that facility. parking.org/tpp

Parking sustainability efforts thrived in 2016

In addition, the university has installed solar panels on large rooftops across Stanford’s campus, including the Stock Farm Garage. While challenging, the payoff for this project will help the university meet its goal of reducing carbon emissions, supporting the electric bus fleet, and shading vehicles parked on the roof.

It’s Always Sunny in Arizona!

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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By Irma Henderson, CAPP, and Jennifer Tougas, PhD

WEATHERING THE STORMS S

imply put, life on Earth exists because of the presence of water. However, water is also a force of nature that can have incredible destructive capabilities. For that reason alone, it’s important for us as parking managers to understand how our operations affect our water resources, actively take steps to protect water quality and availability, and work to mitigate the damage water can inflict. That means paying attention to stormwater management.

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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40 G

sustainable benefits of architectural mesh for several decades, long before being green was a trend.

David Waal, founder, Parking Sense USA: Our product by itself reduces driving around time in a garage by up to 30 percent. This is an enormous reduction in emissions, as well as time savings for consumers. Additionally, our system is LED-based and runs on low-voltage wiring for additional green benefits. When designing a system it was important to us to have a low carbon footprint. It didn’t make sense for us to have a product that saves car emissions while running a system that used substantial environmental resources.

Jeff Smallidge, PE, LEED AP BD+C, parking consultant, Walker Parking Consultants: Walker has embraced sustainable business practices because it is the right thing to do for the environment,

oing green is a hot topic and for good reason—it’s great for the planet, great for public and community relations, and it can save money, which is good for the bottom line. IPI recognizes its green supplier members each year with the Green Star Exhibitor designation for exhibitors at the IPI Conference & Expo, to be held in May in New Orleans, La. (ipiconference.parking.org).

Green Star Exhibitors offer products or services that support sustainability goals, linked to the objectives of IPI’s Sustainability Framework and the Parksmart certification program for garages offered by the U.S. Green Building Council—the people behind LEED. The Green Star Exhibitor program has enjoyed steady growth since its launch, and we wanted to know why exhibitors and supplier companies think it’s important. So we asked! Here’s what some of them had to say.

Why has your company embraced green or sustainable business practices?

David Zeitlin, director of sales, Cambridge Architectural Mesh: It begins on a personal level with our employees. Being based on Maryland’s Eastern Shore, many of our team members’ families and friends work in agriculture and seafood. They take great interest in protecting our natural resources, particularly the Chesapeake Bay. It’s a primary reason why our company has marketed the

our clients, our employees, and our firm. We have been designing sustainable parking facilities for more than 50 years. Walker is committed to sustainability, both in principle and in practice. By this, we exercise consulting, design, and business practices that meet the needs of our clients and employees in an environmentally, socially, and economically responsive manner.

What has a commitment to sustainability done for your company?

Dean Hill, ASLA, CGP, director of sustainability, greenscreen: greenscreen considers and approaches sustainability as a way to maintain market leadership and separate what we do from everyone else, not only within our own industry offering

earning green stars IPI’s Green Star Exhibitors on why sustainability is so important to their businesses and to parking as a whole.

Urban Environments In urban settings, the process that happens in natural ecosystems is interrupted. Permeable soil is covered by impermeable concrete and asphalt. Rain that falls on these hard surfaces quickly runs off the surface, carrying with it any oils or pollutants to streams and rivers. Depending on the chemical, pollutants can have deadly short- and long-term consequences for the natural environment and humans.

In addition to design concepts such as permeable surfaces and stormwater retention basins, there are simple and low-cost changes that can be made to parking lot elements such as curbing that can assist you in cleaning your stormwater and replenishing the local aquifer.

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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Weathering the Storms

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ON THE COVER: SolarWorld INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

parking.org/tpp

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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44 STUDY

LIGHTING IT UP P

arking is fundamental to the success of any real estate project and plays a pivotal role in both finances and compliance with community and regulatory requirements. Too often, parking lighting is regarded as mere illumination without regard for the many ways it can affect a real estate project.

In recent years, parking organizations have expressed increased interest in getting help with the engineering and implementation of exterior surface and garage parking lighting. Sometimes they just want to save money. Other times, they feel that their current parking lot lighting can be improved so security perception improves and

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

By Bradford H. Dockser

people feel more comfortable shopping at the center. Or there may be a regulatory or community issue in play that needs to be addressed.

Often overlooked during the initial design and only addressed at the end of a project, parking lighting has the ability to create hard and soft returns, having significant effects on an asset’s perception and value. The right parking lot lighting solution will not only lower the costs to operate the parking lighting, but can improve sales, occupancy, and community relations. Usually the very first thing someone sees when they are approaching a property is the pleasing effect of exterior lighting.

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

IPI’s Green Star Exhibitors on why sustainability is so important to their businesses and to parking as a whole.

How a seven-property lighting retrofit improved business, boosted community relations, and saved money.

How a seven-property lighting retrofit improved business, boosted community relations, and saved money.

parking.org/tpp

Earning Green Stars

Lighing it Up

CASE

Stormwater management is pivotal for parking.

Thankfully, it’s not that difficult to master.

Natural Ecosystems In natural ecosystems, rain falls onto woodlands, wetlands, grasslands, or forests and percolates through soil and plant material to charge underwater aquifers or flow into streams and rivers. By percolating through the natural, organic materials, water is slowly absorbed and purified.

Through this process, the water’s speed and flow is tempered, and it is gradually reabsorbed into the earth. The soil itself holds the water, which reduces flooding and erosion. The amount of water that soaks into the soil is determined by the amount of organic material.

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parking.org/tpp

Arizona State University (ASU) is taking solar to the next level. The university has integrated three major solar panel installations that help not only power the university but significantly reduce fossil fuel consumption and emissions as well.

The solar installation generates a total wattage of more than 24.1 megawatts (MWdc) at 89 locations across all four campuses and the ASU Research Park. These installations, located in parking lots and on garage rooftops, also provide valuable shade to more than

32 Stormwater management is pivotal for parking.

Thankfully, it’s not that difficult to master.

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

on’t let the TDM word (transportation demand management) steer you away from learning how its strategies may help increase your parking asset’s use, allowing you to be more profitable and expand your services to better the customer experience. The urban legend that TDM folks think parking is evil is just that—an urban legend. TDM professionals need parking, and parking professionals are affected by TDM, so partnering to be a part of the solution is the way to go.

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365 DAYS, BIG GREEN 365 Days, Parking sustainability efforts thrived in 2016.

D

ISTOCK / 29MOKARA / MICROVONE

STUDY

Transportation demand management cozies up to parking with great results.

By Ron Steedly, CAPP, MEd

Transportation demand management (TDM) cozies up to parking with great results.

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Parking’s New Bestie

ISTOCK / RAWPIXEL LTD / A-DIGIT

FUTURE

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Editor’s Note

DEPARTMENTS

4 Entrance 6 Five Things 8 Consultants Corner 1 0 The Green Standard 1 2 The Business of Parking 1 4 Financial Matters 1 6 Parking Spotlight 1 8 IPI Ask the Experts 4 8 IPI in Action 50 State & Regional Spotlight 5 2 Community Digest 5 9 New and Renewing IPI Members 6 0 Parking Consultants 6 2 Advertisers Index 6 2 Parking Break 6 3 Calendar of Events

DREAMING OF A GREEN SEASON

“T

he Jetsons” was on shortly after I got home from school every day way back when and, like almost every kid I knew, I frequently wondered when we’d have flying cars just like George and Judy. The year 2000 seemed like a good bet, being far away and feeling very sci-fi in name, so I went with that.

Here we are—no flying cars, but we do have Judy’s robotic vacuum, microwaves that are pretty similar to her magic one-button oven, and Siri, who does pretty much all the other cool stuff the Jetsons enjoyed from their robots and gadgets. My car doesn’t have wings, but it tells me when I’m too close to the cars around it and thanks to Bluetooth and my smartphone, where I can find parking when I get where I’m going (soon, I won’t even need that phone!).

The future of parking feels like it’s here, but we know it’s going to continue growing and changing at speeds we only imagined when we clicked on the TV after school. This issue, we look at what 21st century parking might look like, especially from a sustainable perspective. Green parking is popular both with industry insiders and the parking public, and it’s growing all the time. We take a substantive look at it this month with case studies, informative pieces on stormwater management and technology, and some great information from IPI’s Green Star exhibitors, who fall into a class of their own with sustainable products, services, and business models. I hope you enjoy—and learn from—all of them.

It’s December, which means many of us are enjoying (and maybe flailing through) the holiday season. It can be a magical, hectic time of year both at work and in our non-work lives. I wish you joy, peace, and level-headed parkers throughout.

We’re looking forward to a fabulous new year. Thanks for being along for the ride. As always, please get in touch anytime—my email address is below.

Until next month…

fernandez@parking.org

parking.org/tpp

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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ENTRANCE Publisher Shawn Conrad, CAE conrad@parking.org Editor Kim Fernandez fernandez@parking.org Contributing Editor Bill Smith, APR bsmith@smith-phillips.com Technical Editor Rachel Yoka, CAPP, LEED AP BD+C yoka@parking.org Advertising Sales Bonnie Watts, CEM watts@parking.org Subscriptions Tina Altman taltman@parking.org.

Graphic Design BonoTom Studio info@bonotom.com Proofreader Melanie Padgett Powers For advertising information, contact Bonnie Watts at watts@parking.org or 571.699.3011.

For subscription changes, contact Tina Altman, taltman@parking.org.

The Parking Professional (ISSN 0896-2324 & USPS 001436) is published monthly by the International Parking Institute.

1330 Braddock Place, Suite 350 Alexandria, VA 22314 Phone: 571.699.3011 Fax: 703.566.2267 Email: ipi@parking.org Website: parking.org Postmaster note: Send address label changes promptly to: The Parking Professional 1330 Braddock Place, Suite 350 Alexandria, VA 22314 Interactive electronic version of The Parking Professional for members and subscribers only at parking.org/tpp.

Periodical postage paid at Alexandria, Va., and additional mailing offices. Copyright © International Parking Institute, 2016. Statements of fact and opinion expressed in articles contained in The Parking Professional are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent an official expression of policy or opinion on the part of officers or the members of IPI. Manuscripts, correspondence, articles, product releases, and all contributed materials are welcomed

by The Parking Professional; however, publication is subject to editing, if deemed necessary to conform to standards of publication.

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Subscription rate for non-members of IPI is $120 per year (U.S. currency) in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.

All other countries, $150. Back issues, $10.

The Parking Professional is printed on 10 percent recycled paper and on paper from trees grown specifically for that purpose.

SUSTAINABILITY AS KEY INNOVATION DRIVER

By Laurens Eckelboom

O

ne of my favorite articles about sustainability and innovation appeared in the September 2009 issue of Harvard Business Review. It referred to the quest for sustainability that forced companies to transform the competitive landscape and rethink their products, processes, technologies, and business models. The several stages identified are still applicable to the parking and transportation industries today.

View compliancy as an opportunity. The two largest global economies, U.S and China (also the world’s biggest emitters of greenhouse gases), have ratified the Paris Agreement and committed to cut emissions up to 28 percent (compared to 2005 levels) by 2025. Set aside the recent questioning of the direct effect on the greenhouse effect, international greenhouse reduction laws have an increasing effect on parking and transportation industries.

Make the value chain sustainable. Looking at the overall user journey (or value chain), mobility services provide a different view on daily commuting and travel patterns—parking included. Ridesharing and public transportation have seen various ranges of success.

To what extent will further Uberization and mobility-as-a-service result in more sustainable cities?

Design sustainable services and products. Cashless solar-­ powered kiosks, paperless pay-by-plate machines, and mobile payments are examples of sustainable parking solutions. Additionally, the growth of connected parking devices (internet of things—IoT) as a foundation of big data and new startups focused on big data analysis are foundations for sustainable cities.

Develop new business models. The “as-a-service” model is applicable to many innovations. Mobility as a service includes shared and multimodel transportation with a focus on the optimization of the user journey via innovative and sustainable cashless models.

Create next-practice platforms. This means thinking outside the box and linking multiple innovations with new services and products. Think about solar roof tiles or (my personal favorite) solar roadways—both potential enhancers of the electrical vehicle user experience. Tie that into car sharing services, and you have reached a new level of sustainability.

The parking industry has its own Parksmart program (formerly Green Garage Certification), managed by GBCI, the certification arm of the United States Green Building Council. This is an outstanding example of how self-regulation leads to innovation in garage design and sustainable building materials with the overarching goal to minimize the carbon and ecological footprint. As an industry, we can’t be proud enough of this program as it is a shining example of how sustainability drives innovation.

@IPIParking

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

LAURENS ECKELBOOM is vice president and head of business development, connected vehicles, with SAP and a member of IPI’s Board of Directors. He can be reached at laurens. eckelboom@sap.com.

FIVE THINGS

“ADAM RUINS EVERYTHING” “Adam Ruins Everything,” everyone’s favorite myth-busting television series and podcast, recently took on everything we thought we knew about cars. Of course, that included expertise and the real story behind parking with none other than Donald Shoup, professor, author of “The High Cost of Free Parking,” and well-known parking industry guru (check out a video clip at bit.ly/dshoupvideo and listen to the podcast at bit.ly/dshouppodcast). He had five ideas of his own to share about the two episodes.

1 2 4 3 5 Being animated on “Adam Ruins Everything” gave me great street cred with my students.

It was almost as awesome as being an animated guest on “The Simpsons.”

Persuading people to take parking seriously requires humor, and parking is far too important not to take seriously.

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

When the American Planning Association published “The High Cost of Free Parking” in 2005, half the city planning profession thought I was crazy, and the other half thought I was daydreaming. But planners are now beginning to agree that parking affects almost everything and almost everything affects parking.

ISTOCK / TRUTV / PPRAT / DEEPBLUE4YOU / PANPTYS

Adam Conover is the most serious comedian ever. He’s always funny on serious issues.

Naturally, Adam validated my parking when we discussed the high cost of free parking. That saved me $10.

WE KNOW CITIES. YOU SHOULD KNOW US. We make smart applications for payments, management, and reporting

passportinc.com/weknow

CONSULTANTS CORNER

DEFINING THE PARKING CONSULTANT

By Jeremy Rocha, PE

A

There is no parking consulting program at the local university or technical school pumping out fresh parking consultants into the world every semester. This got me thinking—just what does it mean to be a parking consultant? Better yet, who are parking consultants?

Who We Are

JEREMY ROCHA, PE, is senior associate with WALTER P MOORE and a member of IPI’s Consultants Committee. He can be reached at jrocha@ walterpmoore.com.

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The usual suspects generally originate with majors that touch aspects of the parking consulting industry: ●● Civil/traffic engineers. ●● Architects. ●● Planners. ●● Structural engineers. ●● Business/finance majors. ●● Construction managers.

But which hold the most weight? Where is the “shared-use analysis” major or the master’s program in “parking equipment specifications” person?

When you stop and think about it, our industry is made up of an eclectic bunch that come from a wide variety of backgrounds. Some of us are operations managers, and some of us are engineers. Some of us are from the finance sector, and some of us are planners. Heck, some of us started as cashiers in the parking office many many moons ago. Yet somehow we are all defined and labeled as parking consultants. Somehow we take the best of all our collective backgrounds to provide our clients with the best parking design solution that meets their needs in terms of operations, maintenance, and level of service.

So really when you drill down, we parking consultants are integrators. We integrate all other design consultants’ requirements, the project budget, parking operations, parking technology, and flexibility into our designs, all the while keeping into consideration the end user type, allocation, scale, and level of service.

Finding the Right Person When you are looking for your next successful parking consultant you will need someone who is comfortable wearing multiple design hats and conversing with multiple

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | NOVEMBER 2016

people from a wide variety of backgrounds. You need someone who is just as comfortable walking a garage facility in 95-degree weather as he or she is contributing to or leading a five-hour long design charrette. This skill is not something you learn on the university level or in the school of life. This is a skill set you either possess or you don’t. That’s not to say it is a skill that can’t be built upon or nurtured, but it is one the potential candidate must already possess.

So what’s the difference? What’s the difference in someone trained in the art of parking consulting versus an intern given the garage design component because “it’s just the garage?” To answer that question, we need to remember that parking is the first and last impression of all developments, campuses, and facilities. No matter how great the building or how great the show was, if the parking doesn’t work or the valet takes longer than five minutes, that’s what patrons are going to remember.

So it does matter. It matters to have the right parking consultant with the right skill set on your project.

I guess there is not just one place to look for your next rockstar parking consultant. There is not just one specific skill set to look for. You are looking for a chameleon with brain files who can switch from operations design to functional design to client management. An integrator who can speak multiple design languages and translate them to produce a design/specification/ software component that meets all the clients’ needs, both spoken and unspoken: a parking consultant.

ISTOCK/ YINYANG

s we approach the end of 2016, things are looking good. In general, the world of parking consulting is growing. Facilities are being built, campuses are being planned, and facility upgrades are being implemented. As we continue this period of growth, inevitably there will come a time (for some of us, we hope sooner rather than later) when we will need to hire new people and train the next generation of parking consultants. But where to start?

THE GREEN STANDARD

THE GARAGE YOU DON’T HAVE TO BUILD

By J.C. Porter, CAPP

A

rizona State University (ASU) finished building College Avenue Commons, a gold-level, LEED-certified multi-use building. Upon completion, the first question proposed was how big the parking garage for this new building needed to be. There had already been $13 million set aside for construction of a new garage.

ASU Parking and Transit Services (PTS) had a collective gut feeling that no garage was needed. Of course we in the parking industry all have these gut feelings—some of us have bigger guts than other—but we could not go to the vice president of the university with only a feeling and tell him that he was wrong in thinking a parking structure was needed.

J.C. PORTER, CAPP, is assistant director of commuter services at Arizona State University and a member of IPI’s Sustainability Commmittee. He can be reached at j.porter@asu.edu.

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Data are what’s needed to make this type of critical decision. We in the parking industry have data coming out of our ears. We all know our transportation demand mode split, and we know the occupancy of our garages on a Tuesday at 2 p.m. How does this information help a parking professional tell the vice president of a university he does not need more parking for the new building when he’s been told that new construction requires a specific amount of parking per square foot of building, per building code?

PTS was able to take advantage of a new software program that took all the data from the occupancy counts of garages around College Avenue Commons to see if there was space for the demand of parkers who would be coming to this building. It also looked at whether or not changing the garages from permit-only to mixed-use would generate more turnover, thus allowing for better occupancy for the existing garages. Inputting mode split data into the program provided the information needed to see what the true demand would be for all modes of transportation, such as bikes, buses, light rail, and walking.

Walking tolerances of ASU students, faculty, and staff are also built into this system. We all know that most universities and cities usually do not have a park-

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

ing problem; rather, they have a walking problem. Custumers like to park as close to the front door as possible. By inputting the building square footage from around the area, the program is able to adjust the parking that is needed based on the type of building use.

No Garage Needed?

After inputting all of this data and running multiple scenarios, the program came back every time stating that no new parking garage was needed. It indicated that there was enough parking utilization in the other garages, and that if PTS changed only two of the garages within the walking tolerance of students from permit-only to mixed-use, there would not be any new parking needed. PTS was able to present data to the university’s vice president. After seeing all the scenarios, he agreed that no new parking structure was needed, which saved the university $13 million.

PTS is pleased to report that, three years later, all predictions have held true and there have not been any issues with parking around College Avenue Commons.

The best part of this story is now whenever a new building is going to be constructed or a master plan commences, PTS is the first one to be invited to the table to ensure right-size parking is built—or not built. ASU has found that the most sustainable garage is the garage it does not need to build.

ISTOCK / ARTVEA

Finding Data

THE BUSINESS OF PARKING LEGAL

GOT BONDS? TIME TO REFINANCE

By Leonard T. Bier, CAPP, JD

I

Parking bonds can be non-taxable in certain circumstances. The Internal Revenue Service rule that applies to parking projects is that no more than 10 percent of physical parking spaces in a parking project may be dedicated or leased to a single for-profit user. To the degree that more than 10 percent of parking spaces are for a single for-profit user, that percentage of the parking bonds is taxable.

Consequently, some parking bond issues have both tax-exempt and taxable components.

A parking project can have multiple for-profit bulk parking users without triggering taxable bond consequences as long as the for-profit users are not owned or financially related or come from the same parking generator building. For example, a parking garage financed with tax-exempt bonds and centrally located in a city’s central business district may lease 10 percent of the available parking space to four office or residential buildings surrounding it (for a total of 40 percent) with no adverse tax consequences as long as none of the buildings are owned by the same for-profit business entity.

Public garages built by public entities to support non-related, not-for-profit institutions, such as universities or hospitals, are tax exempt no matter what percentage of parking is used by those entities.

Refinancing

LEONARD T. BIER, CAPP, JD, is the principal of Bier Associates. He can be reached at lenbier@ optonline.net or 732.828.8866.

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Running up to the Great Recession of 2008, the U.S. economy was on fire. If you built parking from 2005 to 2008, you paid a higher market rate for materials, labor, and financing. Most bonds have a defeasance period, which blocks refinancing without early termination penalties for a term of years, usually around seven.

The recession began with a freeze in the credit markets. The 2008 lockup in the credit market is well documented; it took down Lehman Brothers and other

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

investment and banking institutions and ultimately coined the phrase “too big to fail.” That mantra resulted in the Federal Reserve Bank’s intervention in the credit markets, which has continued to date. Interest rates on U.S. Treasury bills (T-Bills) are at historic lows because of federal intervention.

T-Bills, although not tax exempt, are the benchmark against which other public financings, such as parking revenue bonds, are priced against. If the T-Bill is at a historic low, then so are municipal and parking revenue bonds. The exit of Britain from the European Union (Brexit) has further contributed to low T-Bill interest rates as foreign capital purchased T-Bills as a safe haven.

Current interest rates are probably lower than your existing rates and that defeasance lock-up period has expired. That means you have the opportunity to go out to the public finance market to refund and refinance your existing bonds. You can realize cash out (new money), lower your interest rate, reduce your annual debt-service payment, and not have to change the remaining amortization period of the original bonds. In sports-speak, a bond refinancing opportunity is a slam dunk or a grand slam.

One of the parking authorities I represent just closed a $28 million refunding of parking revenue bonds. Savings on the tax-exempt bond was 4 percent and 10 percent on the taxable bond portion. The authority was able to realize from the refinancing $800,000 of new money for capital projects, after paying all costs of bond issuance.

The new annual debt service payment was $20,000 less than the original bonds, and the term for the payoff of the bonds remained the same.

It is strongly urged that you review your entity’s bonded debt with your bond counselor or financial advisers to determine whether a bond refinance opportunity is available to you.

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f your organization is a parking authority, utility, agency, bureau, or municipal department whose entity has bonded debt issued prior to 2008, you need to consider refinancing. In the language of public finance, you need to do a refunding and refinance.

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THEFINANCIAL BUSINESS OF MATTERS PARKING

RETIREMENT AND HEALTH INSURANCE

By Mark A. Vergenes

I

f you are 65 or older when you retire, your worries may lessen when it comes to paying for health care—you are most likely eligible for certain health benefits from Medicare upon your 65th birthday. But if you retire before age 65, you’ll need some way to pay for your health care until Medicare kicks in. Generous employers may offer extensive health insurance coverage to their retiring employees, but this is the exception rather than the rule. If your employer doesn’t extend health benefits to you, you may need to buy a private health insurance policy (which will be costly) or extend your employer-sponsored coverage through the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA).

It’s important to remember that Medicare won’t pay for long-term care if you ever need it. You’ll need to pay for that out of pocket or rely on benefits from long-term care insurance (LTCI) or, if your assets and/or income are low enough to allow you to qualify, Medicaid.

More on Medicare

What Is Medigap?

MARK A. VERGENES is president of MIRUS Financial Partners and chair of the Lancaster (Pa.) Parking Authority.

He can be reached at mark@mirusfinancial partners.com.

14

Unless you can afford to pay for the things Medicare doesn’t cover, including co-payments and deductibles that apply to certain types of care, you may want to buy some type of Medigap policy when you sign up for Medicare Part B. There are 10 standard Medigap policies that offer certain basic core benefits. All but the most basic policy (Plan A) offer various combinations of additional benefits designed to cover what Medicare does not.

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

LTCI and Medicaid The possibility of a prolonged stay in a nursing home weighs heavily on the minds of many older Americans and their families. Many people in their 50s and 60s look into purchasing LTCI. A good LTCI policy can cover the cost of care in a nursing home, an assisted-living facility, or even your own home. But if you’re interested, don’t wait too long to buy it—you’ll need to be in good health, and the older you are, the higher premium you’ll pay.

You may also be able to rely on Medicaid to pay for long-term care if your assets and/or income are low enough to allow you to qualify. The rules surrounding this issue are numerous and complicated and can affect you, your spouse, and your beneficiaries and/or heirs.

MIRUS Financial Partners, nor Cetera Advisor Networks LLC, give tax or legal advice. Opinions expressed are not intended as investment advice and it may not be relied on for the purpose of determining your social security benefits, eligibility, or avoiding any federal tax penalties. All information is believed to be from reliable sources; however, we make no representations as to its completeness or accuracy. All economic and performance information is historical and indicative of future results.

ISTOCK/GETUPSTUDIO

Most Americans automatically become entitled to Medicare when they turn 65. If you’re already receiving Social Security benefits, you won’t even have to apply—you’ll be automatically enrolled in Medicare. However, you will have to decide whether you need only Part A coverage (which is premium-free for most retirees) or if you want to also purchase Part B coverage.

Part A, commonly referred to as the hospital insurance portion of Medicare, can help pay for home health care, hospice care, and inpatient hospital care. Part B helps cover other medical care, such as physician care, laboratory tests, and physical therapy. You may also choose to enroll in a managed care plan or private fee-for-service plan under Medicare Part C (Medicare Advantage) if you want to pay fewer out-of-pocket health care costs.

If you don’t already have adequate prescription drug coverage, you should also consider joining a Medicare prescription drug plan offered in your area.

Unfortunately, Medicare won’t cover all of your health-care expenses. That’s why many retirees purchase a Medigap policy.

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PARKING SPOTLIGHT EVENT

THE FUTURE OF URBAN MOBILITY

By L. Dennis Burns, CAPP

I

recently attended the Shared Mobility Summit conference in Chicago (­sharedusemobilitycenter.org). This was the second year for the conference but my first time attending this new offering.

The Shared Mobility Summit was billed as a platform to “discuss the latest developments in carsharing, bikesharing, ridesourcing, microtransit, and an opportunity to network with the newest companies, the boldest cities, and the nation’s leading mobility experts and change-makers.”

The conference was attended by an interesting assortment of federal, state, and local policy leaders; transportation agencies; transportation network companies; transportation entrepreneurs/startups; auto manufacturers; equipment vendors; and even a few parking wonks who have begun to make the transition from parking-focused programs to broader mobility or access-management platforms.

Several larger themes seemed to be intertwined among a range of session topics. Here are a few that apply to broader transportation policy goals and could also be applied to the parking industry:

People-Centric Planning and Design There was positive recognition that beyond all the technical aspects of the conference, we ultimately need to remember that all the programs, technology, and innovation need to retain a focus on people. Transportation and parking are support systems that enable other activities.

This applies to areas such as land use, technology, smart infrastructure, and policy development.

Data Platforms and Analytics There was a strong and recurring focus on the need for better and different types of data (data that goes beyond

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | NOVEMBER 2016

traditional metrics such as vehicles miles traveled and planning for additional roadway capacity and places more emphasis on larger-context issues such as transportation equity, placemaking, quality of life, sustainability, and changing consumer preferences). This new focus on problem identification and desired outcomes that embrace the larger goals is also reflected in programs such as the Federal Transportation Administration’s Smart City initiative.

An Element of a Solution Another important theme that I was pleased to hear in nearly every session was a sensitivity to and understanding of the importance of social equity issues as they relate to transportation. This issue has tentacles that affect job creation, social justice, and embracing diversity in many forms and environments. This was expressed in terms of reframing transportation priorities or ensuring that technology-based transportation options don’t create equity barriers. The goal of promoting equity was powerfully summarized by the City of Pittsburgh in the phrase, “If it’s not for all, it’s not for us.” These issues were another link back to the focus on people mentioned above.

Multi-Modal Systems Integration Another related theme was the promotion of multi-modal systems integration and the creation of a comprehensive and seamless customer experience that promotes all forms of transportation as the best way to improve access. This theme harkens back to the connected-traveler concept

that promotes dissemination of information on all modes via the new and growing universe of communications options available today.

Complement or Competitor There was much discussion related to whether the emergence of shared-mobility strategies is a threat or a complement to public transit systems. While there were a number of issues and opinions on this topic, the overwhelming opinion was that shared mobility is very much a complement to public transit systems.

Carpe Diem There was a real sense of urgency that now is the time we need to embrace the change that is not coming but is already here to help solve many of the larger issues that are emerging as urban environments continue to densify.

This theme of transforming cities and other key activity centers for the public good and identifying the role of shared mobility in that equation was infused throughout a wide range of technical sessions.

ISTOCK / HKEITA / TCMAKE_PHOTO

Mobility as a Service Another topic area I have been tracking the past couple of years is the concept of multi-modal mobility as a service. This is in contrast to mobility as a product that one might own. This fascinating area brings together many of the elements and themes discussed above and embraces and leverages easy access to a range of combined mobility services via smartphones and, increasingly, vehicles and other devices. Mobility as a service offers new and easy ways to access options that can be tailored to better meet customer needs and address a range of issues related to a return of people to megacities. parking.org/tpp

The future of urban public transport lies in mobility systems that will provide bicycles, cars, and other mobility services on demand. Most mobility assets will be shared instead of owned by users (shared-use mobility).

Convenient and reliable lifestyle services will be offered to connected citizens, who will be able to easily access these combined mobility services via their smartphones. These services will become viable alternatives to car ownership as they are more tailored to customer needs and will ultimately be more cost effective and environmentally sustainable and will reflect the lifestyle choices of a new generation. However, as was noted often at the conference, we must be sensitive to the fact that not everyone can afford a smartphone and to related social equity issues.

Combined mobility services take the concept of shared use to a new level, recognizing that the desires for flexibility and efficiency that are driving consumers to shared-use mobility solutions are further advanced when those solutions can be offered in an integrated platform. For those providers of mobility solutions that make the transition to combined mobility services, these developments offer a real opportunity to deliver sustainable growth during the next decades.

The promise and potential of these evolving products, applications, and strategies on our ability to improve access and mobility while simultaneously addressing other important issues, such as congestion mitigation, greenhouse gas emission reduction, and the promotion of a more sustainable transportation network, is incredibly exciting.

While most of us still have plenty to do in running our current programs, I encourage you to keep one eye on the evolution of this shared-mobility ecosystem for opportunities to advance and evolve your programs and offer new options to your customers.

L. DENNIS BURNS, CAPP, is regional vice president with Kimley-Horn. He can be reached at dennis. burns@kimley-horn. com.

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

17

IPI’S ASK THE EXPERTS

What was your favorite parking story or development in 2016?

Specialist, Contract Performance Abu Dhabi Department of Transport My favorite parking story of 2016 was on the Parking Matters® Blog on Oct. 24: “Making a Difference.” The story highlights the help and public service that parking attendants provide to the community. The general myth is that parking attendants issue parking tickets and raise revenue for the parking authority. This proves parking is about community well-being and protection.

David Hill, CAPP

David G. Onorato, CAPP

President and CEO

Executive Director

Clayton-Hill and Associates I was interested in all of the buzz surrounding autonomous vehicles. I have lived through the Summer of Love, eight-track tapes, Betamax, the moon landing, Desert Storm, Y2K, platform shoes, the Backstreet Boys, and Gilligan’s Island, all cutting-edge things that were supposed to transform our lives in one immeasurable way or another.

So I remain a skeptic.

Dennis Burns, CAPP Regional Vice President Kimley-Horn For me, 2016 will be remembered as the year shared mobility emerged as a transformational and somewhat disruptive influence on the parking and transportation landscape. The investments by auto manufacturers, the creativity of new startups, and the success of transportation network companies are incredibly exciting.

Public Parking Authority of Pittsburgh While installing 15 electric vehicle charging stations in a popular multi-modal garage was not the year’s most visible development, our patrons’ immediate embrace of their function provided a reminder that the parking industry is expected to adapt to a period of change as dramatic as any in history. Future market shifts are ahead. We live in exciting times.

Roamy Valera, CAPP Senior Vice President, Municipal and Institutional Services SP+ The Park Tank competition at the 2016 IPI Conference in Nashville provided an insight of how young and innovative our industry is becoming. Inviting young entrepreneurs to solve access and mobility challenges is very encouraging.

Have a question for IPI’s experts? Send it to fernandez@parking.org and watch this space for answers!

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

The opinions, beliefs, and thoughts expressed by the contributors do not necessarily reflect the opinions and viewpoints of the International Parking Institute or official policies of IPI.

Temitope Longe

FUTURE What is 21st century parking?

For one thing, very different.

By Paul Wessel

P

arking during its first 100 years evolved slowly and linearly, much like the evolution of the automobile in the same time period. It was all about the car and the space. The next 100 years will be as different as the computer on which I am now writing from the typewriter on which I learned how to type.

The first 10 items in a Google search of “the future of parking” as I write in mid-October give us a hint of what lies ahead: 1. Road & Track’s “A Big Makeover Is Coming to the Parking Garage of the Future Thanks to Autonomy” concludes that autonomous vehicles will usher in, community by community, a human-­centered approach to planning and development.

2. Urbanization, self-driving cars, and ride-hailing services (e.g., Uber) drives Mother Jones to envision a “low-parking” future in “No Parking Here.”

3. No. 3 was a repeat of No. 1.

4. Governing magazine posits that the shift to ride-hailing services might “be the end of parking requirements as we know them.”

5. The Parking Professional’s “The Future of Parking Policies” summarizes a report for the Dutch government about how parking policies need to recognize parking’s role as the connector between mobility and place (see the August 2014 issue).

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

6. Tim Haahs’ The Parking Professional piece, “The Future of Parking Design,” lays out the evolution of parking design’s focus from utilitarian storage, to safety and security, to facades, to, ultimately, comfort and sustainability (see the October 2013 issue).

7. Self-driving cars, the internet of things, smart cities, millennials, and data analytics will be the “5 Trends Driving the Future of Parking,” predicts T2, a parking management technology firm.

8. In “Denver developers have seen the future of parking, and it is no parking at all,” The Denver Post describes how that city’s parking garages are currently being built with extra floor height, flat plates, and removable ramps to allow for future adaptive reuse.

9. Luxe’s virtual valet app is the focus of a Business Insider piece.

10. An Education Business (“Business information for decision makers in primary and secondary education”) reports on how parking policy and technology changes are playing out in Great Britain.

VISION I expected autonomous vehicles, apps, public policy, and Uber all to be part of what I found. But parking coverage in Road & Track?

In Mother Jones? In an IT magazine for schools? Construction now anticipating non-parking use in the future? I was impressed how rapidly the parking discussion is broadening. (After you read this piece, try Googling it for yourself and see how the discussion has moved even further.)

As my Google search indicated, 21st century parking will unquestionably be as different from its past as the wall phone in my kitchen is from the smartphone in my pocket. No longer will parking facilities and operations be stand-alone, single-function entities. Like my smartphone, parking structures will become a platform for, and part of a web of, ever-evolving and self-updating mobility choices.

The Potential The garage might fuel my owned or shared car or even offer me the option to join a coworker heading home in the same direction as me. It might house someone in the C-suite’s $8,000 Trek Madone bike or her Tesla. Maybe it will rebate my coworker for not parking in it or offer him a convertible on Saturday and a van on Sunday. It might even be a virtual garage, guaranteeing us spaces in nearby facilities with excess capacity. Parking operations will parking.org/tpp

grow increasingly entwined with the car, the building, and a web of transportation options to mature into something like, in SP+ words, “access management.”

As personal mobility choices evolve, so too will the markets around them. As Navigant Research explains, “By 2050, perhaps the only element of personal mobility common to the turn of this century will be the act of moving around in self-contained vehicles on wheels. … Many of today’s businesses will be gone, but new ones will emerge and current players will evolve to stay relevant—and profitable—in this new transportation environment.1” For those of us inclined to see triple bottom line opportunities, this is a wonderfully fertile moment for parking. As we enjoy the benefits of innovation, investors, tenants, local governments, and communities are starting to focus on how buildings and transportation affect the health and well-being of individuals and the world around them. As nations move forward to implement climate change agreements, tracking and reducing carbon emissions will become a growing demand on our access management work.

Because nearly a quarter of the world’s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are caused by transportation,2 and because cars, trucks, and airplanes now emit more CO2 than America’s power plants do, the new transportation environment predicted by Navigant DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

21

In the coming months, the USGBC will roll out astate of the art platform—arc—that will allow any structure to participate and immediately start measuring performance, make improvements, and benchmark against itself. will, of necessity, reward businesses that incorporate people, planet, and profit into their business models.

Parking’s Role Not surprisingly, “decarbonizing” transportation will entail green parking strategies familiar to many parking and transportation professionals. Alternative-fuel vehicles, smart growth, shared mobility services, transit, market-based pricing, bike and pedestrian infrastructure, real-time information, and autonomous vehicles are all key drivers.3 The road map laid out in IPI’s Sustainability Framework and the Green Parking Council’s Green Garage Certification (now Parksmart) meshes perfectly with global sustainable transportation goals.

Our capacity to help enterprises realize this triple bottom line was dramatically enhanced with this year’s integration of the green parking movement into the U.S. Green Building Council’s (USGBC’s) growing family of programs that advance spaces that are better for the environment and healthier for us to live, work, and play.

In a relatively short span of time of our work with the USGBC, the sustainability managers of real estate organizations, universities, and cities have begun unprecedented discussions with their parking and transportation peers; parking assets and operations are now on building owners’ sustainability agendas. In addition, architects, engineers, and construction firms long engaged in LEED building certification are adding Parksmart to their client offerings. (Indeed, a number of these firms express relief that they now have something to offer their clients who were seeking LEED certification for their parking structures.)

are gaining access to and incorporating data into their operations (and as new business ventures emerge making that data actionable), Parksmart, LEED, and other sustainability certifications are harnessing this data to offer benchmarking and continuous improvement tools supporting triple bottom-line performance.

In the coming months, the USGBC will roll out a state of the art platform—arc—that will allow any structure to participate and immediately start measuring performance, make improvements, and benchmark against itself. Arc is an open platform integrating current and future systems that increase performance and enable improved quality of life. It complements LEED, Parksmart, SITES (developed by landscape architects), PEER (a microgrid rating system), and other green-building rating systems, standards, protocols, and guidelines and allows buildings and spaces to connect to the built environment in a new way by comparing performance metrics and connecting them to green building strategies.

Arc reduces certification complexity, especially for existing structures. It allows building owners to take advantage of credit flexibility between certification programs. In the near future, certain Parksmart credits will also earn credit under LEED and vice versa. The rating systems will remain separate, but synergies between them will be recognized.

As a dynamic digital platform crafted by the noted design firm IDEO, arc visually reinforces behavior—for

Parksmart Parksmart, the rating system that defines, measures, and recognizes high-performing, sustainable garages, joins the USGBC at a time when its focus and that of the suite of certification and credential offerings by the Green Business Certification Inc. (GBCI) is emphasizing the performance of systems in the built environment. So at the same time the parking and transportation industries

22

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

Arc is a state-of-the-art platform that will allow any building to participate and immediately start measuring performance, make improvements, and benchmark against itself. It is an open platform developed by GBCI to integrate current and future standards, guidelines, protocols, and systems that enable a higher quality of life.

example, carpooling or taking mass transit—that improves a building’s performance. With arc, certification becomes more transparent, ongoing, and participatory.

For Parksmart, arc will help us and our community focus on the desired outcomes of our work in our structures, portfolios, campuses, and even entire cities: Are we using parking space and energy efficiently? Are we helping clean the air? Are we reducing congestion and commute times? Are we increasing throughput? Are we saving money? Are people satisfied? Are we increasing mobility while reducing resources consumed?

The Future So what will 21st century parking look like? Short term, its evolution will continue accelerating and broadening. (Think about how much has changed since the introduction of the iPhone, less than 10 years ago.) By mid-century and beyond, it’s clearer what parking will do than how it will do it and who will own it. It will still be about managing assets and providing service to people moving from one place to another, but it will be more about moving people (and goods?) than about holding cars. Mobility choices will be hard-baked into it offerings. Structures will be important, but more as means the end than the end itself.

Parking will likely be accessed by “mobility as a service” or “transportation as a service” apps like the just-released Finnish app Whim (whimapp.com), Seattle’s Luum (luum.com), Los Angeles’ RideAmigos (rideamigos. com) or Xerox’ GoLA (goLAapp.com). Or maybe Google’s Sidewalk Labs’ Flow (flowmobility.io)—“Engaging cities and businesses to improve mobility with data and technology”—will capture the whole ball of wax.

Whim offers a monthly flat rate subscription (as long as you are in Finland) for unlimited transit, eight taxi trips, and five car rental days, all in one app. GoLA helped me realize that there was a 50-cent bus ride with 10-minute headways between my hotel and USGBC’s Greenbuild show at the Expo Center—and that I’d burn 32 calories walking to the bus and generate 0.1kg of C02 in my journey.

Luum and RideAmigos are enterprise level programs, targeting employers, universities, and local governments.

Sidewalk Labs talks a lot about parking as low hanging fruit in its vision of “cities built from the internet up.”

It’s too early to predict which of these apps will win out or who will own it. Will it be parking asset owner(s)?

Parking operators turned access managers? The tech companies weaving it all together? Auto original equipment manufacturers morphed into mobility providers?

Or will Uber or Google control it all?

Regardless of who comes out on top, Sidewalk Lab’s CEO Daniel Doctoroff (and New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg’s former deputy for economic development) cautions us that the process will need to be guided by parking.org/tpp

our values. Shared data and moving ideas from the cloud to the curb is essential for transportation choice, but technology itself is fundamentally agnostic. When cars first replaced horse-drawn carriages on city streets, Doctoroff reminded us recently at a U.S. Department of Transportation Volpe Center talk on the future of transportation, we were not mindful of how much they would dominate our cities’ public space.

In the near future, autonomous vehicles could help us repurpose space for more people-centered communities—or they could clog our city streets while circling on autopilot to avoid paying for parking. Urbanists, technologists, and policymakers will have to find common ground on our goals and provide a foundation for the future of environmentally and economically sustainable parking and transportation to emerge. I have no doubt that people, planet, and profit will be key pillars of that foundation. And that the owners and operators of Parksmart-empowered garages will be leading the way.

Endnotes

1 Navigant Research White Paper, 2Q 2016—Transportation Outlook: 2025 to 2050: How Connectivity, Autonomous Technology, On-­ Demand Mobility, and Vehicle Electrification Will Transform Global Passenger Transportation. https://www.navigantresearch.com/ research/transportation-outlook-2025-to-2050.

2 Paris Process on Mobility and Climate (PPMC), 2015. http://www. ppmc-transport.org/common-messages-2015/.

3 A New Way Forward: Envisioning a Transportation System without Carbon Pollution. Frontier Group fact sheet. http://frontiergroup.org/ sites/default/files/Frontier%20Group%20-%20A%20New%20Way%20 Forward%20Factsheet.pdf.

4 Unlocking the Power of Urban Transport Systems, the New Climate Economy–2016. http://newclimateeconomy.report/2015/wp-content/ uploads/2016/04/Unlocking-the-power-of-urban-transport-systems_ web.pdf.

5 Paris Process on Mobility and Climate, 2015. http://www.ppmctransport.org/common-messages-2015/.

6 “Denver developers have seen the future of parking, and it is no parking at all,” The Denver Post. http://www.denverpost. com/2016/10/15/denver-developers-future-parking-self-driving-cars/.

PAUL WESSEL is director of market development for the U.S. Green Building Council. He can be reached at pwessel@ usgbc.org.

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

23

PARKING ANALYTICS:

An Industry Snapshot The International Parking Institute (IPI) recently launched a new initiative focused on parking analytics and benchmarking.

Designed to advance the parking profession by collecting, aggregating, and publishing data, this series offers Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for the industry. This is the second publication in the series, which will continue to evolve and capture KPIs. Parking and transportation organizations are collecting and studying KPIs as a tool to more effectively manage limited resources.

IPI is taking the next step to publish industry benchmarks and KPIs that can be used to evaluate and compare individual parking organizations with others in the industry.

As the largest and leading parking organization in the world, IPI is uniquely positioned to lead this research. This survey captured data from more than 2 million spaces, representing $2.31 billion in revenue.

This survey is a vital first step to collecting specific data on our members and our industry. Organization types surveyed included airport, college, corporate, event center, hospital, municipal, and transportation organizations. IPI will expand the survey in 2017 to include commercial operators, suppliers, and consultants. IPI will take the research gained in this initiative and grow this series in successive surveys.

Read on to dig deeper into some industry data, and participate today!

SURVEY RESPONSES * Legend

1.4% .5%

Airport

8.2%

Transportation/Transit Retail

Organization Type

Municipal/Government

37.4%

Hospital/Healthcare

42.5%

Events Center Corporate

5% .9%

College/University 4.1%

0.9% 11.8%

Spaces by Organization Type

27.8%

Spaces Surveyed:

2,013,306

49.7%

5.1% 0.3%

4.4%

Average Revenue by Organization Type

Average Spaces by Organization Type

$3.6M 400 6,145

$9.7M

13,228

7,093

$13.2M 9,249 3,500

10,749

$2.3M

$

$40.2M

$19.4M

12,519

$6.1M

0.2%

31.3%

33.3%

21.2%

6.3% 6.7% 0.4%

Total Revenue

by Organization Type

$2.311 Billion In Total Revenue

P A R K I N G A N A LY T I C S : An Industry Snapshot Survey respondents answered a series of questions designed to capture industry KPIs:

SURVEY RESPONSES * Revenue Per Space

• S elect the type of organization that most closely matches your parking operation.

$642

College/University

$2,597

Airport Corporate

$3,156 $1,494 $1,210

Hospitals/Healthcare Municipal/ Government Transportation/ Transit

$857 0

500

1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Average Revenue per Space

Average Revenue per FTE

2015 Revenue per Full-Time Employee (FTE) 800 700

$633K

600 500

$

College/University

$204K

200 100

Corporate Events Center Hospital/Healthcare Municipal/Government

• A pproximately how many total parking citations were issued in your parking operation in 2015?

Parking Spaces per FTE 254 211 171 317

Corporate Event Centers Hospitals/Healthcare Municipal/ Government Retail Transportation/ Transit

425 133 1,082 0

200

15

14.23

12

400

600

800

Average Space pe FTE

Citations per Space Average Citations per Space

Park Your Data Here

560

Airport

12%

19%

Revenue Will Be Flat

0

For more information, search “Parking Research” in IPI’s online Resource Center at parking.org.

$

69% Revenue Will Increase

2.39 College/University

Our members are the most vibrant and successful parking organizations across the globe. Add your data to the mix! To participate in our industry survey, visit parking.org/KPIs for a link to the survey, and look for the next publication in the series in spring 2017. n

1200

Economic Outlook for Next Fiscal Year

9

3

1000

Revenue Will Decrease

6

• W hat is your anticipated annual gross parking revenue for parking operations in 2016?

Transportation/Transit

$180K

0

College/University

• W hat was your annual gross parking revenue for parking operations in 2015?

Airport

$329K $312K

$255K

• A pproximately how many total parking spaces do you own, operate, or directly manage?

3500

Legend

$433K

400 300

• A pproximately how many full-time employees work in your parking operation?

$2,300

Event Centers

Municipal/ Government

Retail was omitted in some of the graphs due to insufficient data.

CASE STUDY

365 DAYS, Parking sustainability efforts thrived in 2016.

By Megan Leinart, LEED AP BD+C

A

NOTHER YEAR HAS COME AND GONE, and what a year it was. In the parking industry, we have continued to see the public and private sectors embrace the latest and greatest sustainability initiatives and technologies. A new partnership between the IPI and the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) has brought these ideas even more to the mainstream, broadening the reach into an even greater audience. Further, a growing number of parking industry leaders continue to work to promote and advance the value of integrating sustainable parking planning, design, construction, management, and technology.

It’s been an exciting year on the parking front, and we continue to see groundbreaking success stories. Here, we present just a few of these stories and the effects they have had. They will also help to provide a blueprint for what continues to be possible in this constantly evolving part of our industry.

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

BIG GREEN Stanford University Energy System Innovation

Stanford University continues to be a leader in innovation and progress, particularly through the implementation of cutting-edge sustainability initiatives.

One such initiative is the Stanford Energy System Innovation (SESI), which has transformed how energy is delivered to the campus to heat and cool its buildings. By using electricity purchased from renewable sources, the university will reduce its carbon emissions by 68 percent.

Stanford’s Parking & Transportation Services, a division of Sustainability & Energy Management, is contributing to SESI with two cutting-edge projects: electrification of the Marguerite bus yard and fleet and solar panel installation on the Stock Farm Garage.

Stanford’s Marguerite shuttle program has been expanding its use of electric buses on campus since 2014.

The successful performance of the program’s initial 13 buses has led the university to acquire an additional 10.

The university converted a portion of its existing bus yard to serve as the charging and storage facility for all 23 electric buses. This project was the first of a phased approach to convert the entire bus yard and adjacent parking lot into an electric charging facility for an eventual all-electric Marguerite bus fleet. This project also facilitated the installation of electric vehicle chargers in the adjacent Stock Farm Garage, doubling the charging capacity of that facility. parking.org/tpp

In addition, the university has installed solar panels on large rooftops across Stanford’s campus, including the Stock Farm Garage. While challenging, the payoff for this project will help the university meet its goal of reducing carbon emissions, supporting the electric bus fleet, and shading vehicles parked on the roof.

It’s Always Sunny in Arizona!

Arizona State University (ASU) is taking solar to the next level. The university has integrated three major solar panel installations that help not only power the university but significantly reduce fossil fuel consumption and emissions as well.

The solar installation generates a total wattage of more than 24.1 megawatts (MWdc) at 89 locations across all four campuses and the ASU Research Park. These installations, located in parking lots and on garage rooftops, also provide valuable shade to more than

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5,900 parking spaces and 828 stadium seats—that’s a benefit that is always appreciated in the overpowering heat of the Southwest.

During 2015 at the Carson Student Athletic Center, the solar power plants located on ASU’s Tempe Campus facilities generated approximately 26,568 megawatt hours (MWh)—equivalent to 14 percent of the electricity used at Tempe Campus facilities. Concurrently that year, on ASU’s West Campus, the Sparky 10 MW installation generated approximately 8,595 MWh in 2015; this amount of energy is equivalent to 71 percent of the total amount of electricity used at ASU’s West Campus facilities.

The integration of the solar panels at ASU’s campuses showcases the significant effect solar power can have on meeting the energy needs on a campus, reducing the associated costs, as well as fossil fuel consumption and emissions. However, this program is also a testament to the important role parking can play in complementing this valuable energy source, providing wide open spaces for large installations while helping provide shade for vehicles and people.

Cincinnati Zoo Becomes First Demonstrator Site

The Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden has been named the first Green Parking Lot Demonstrator site under a

and reduces the heat-island effect. In addition, the solar panels generate 1,700 MWh of electricity, equivalent to 20 percent of their usage, and eliminate 1,775 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which is equivalent to the reduction of approximately 3 million vehicle miles travelled annually.

Another groundbreaking feature of the Cincinnati Zoo parking lot is the significance of the landscaping features. Two large rain gardens, native plantings, and large shade trees provide natural beauty and alleviate stormwater issues. An underground cistern retains and slowly dissipates stormwater, relieving pressure on an aging wastewater infrastructure.

Patrons can use one of seven electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, including one DC fast charger, and bikers can dismount at the appropriately themed snakeshaped bicycle rack or take advantage of the Cincinnati Red bike sharing kiosk. For visitors looking to avoid traffic but who are not up for biking, the Cincinnati Metro Transit Agency drops off right inside the parking lot.

Finally, the zoo’s vehicle fleet consists of emissions-free electric golf carts while trucks and the mini-rail are powered with recycled biodiesel.

The Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden is at the cutting edge of a groundbreaking new program to recognize the many sustainable design opportunities available for parking lots and will serve as a model for similar projects in the future. Leading the way, Director of Facilities and Sustainability Mark Fisher engaged his staff, the city, public utilities, and property owners to find innovative solutions to their most pressing environmental problems and creatively implement them to meet their biggest needs, while educating the community.

Medical Group Embraces Lightwells

new USGBC program aimed at recognizing surface lots that exhibit exceptional sustainable design. This is part of a nearly decade-long effort at the zoo to implement a number of progressive initiatives through sustainability.

Upon arrival at the zoo, guests are greeted with a sea of sleek solar panel canopy that keeps vehicles cool

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

How do you create an inviting patient experience in a subterranean parking structure while reducing energy benefits? The Camino Medical Group faced this question when the parking structure for its Mountain View campus involved a subterranean level. The answer? Lightwells.

Lighting is not only an important consideration in the functional design of a parking garage but also a critical factor in the user experience. Dark, cramped structures feel unsafe and do not attract patrons; open,

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San Francisco Building Upgrades Ventilation

Located in San Francisco’s financial district, 475 Sansome Street is a 21-story, Class A office building with an underground parking facility requiring mechanical ventilation 15 hours a day Monday through Friday. To reduce energy costs, the facility operator recently installed a “variable flow” demand-control ventilation system, which fluctuates garage exhaust and supply fan motor speeds based on carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations in the garage.

well-lit structures with good ventilation feel safe and secure and invite users.

Achieving natural light and air in structured parking often requires provisions such as lightwells. Lightwells or air shafts are unroofed external spaces provided within the volume of a large building to allow light and air to reach what would otherwise be a dark and less-ventilated area.

In a below-grade parking structure, lightwells can sometimes be achieved by surrounding the structure with permanent shoring walls or by sloping back the soil around the structure. In addition to providing user experience and functional benefits, lightwells have both economic and environmental benefits of reducing overall energy demands, as was the case for the Camino Medical Group Parking Structure, which utilized landscaped lightwells in addition to extra high ceilings and brighter-than-average lighting to make patients feel safe and secure.

Emory University Upgrades Its Lighting

MEGAN LEINART, LEED AP BD+C, is national director of corporate development for Propark. She can be reached at megan. leinart@propark.com.

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Always one to make its mark as an innovator in the medical world, Emory University isn’t limiting innovation to medical procedures alone. The university recently mandated a cutting-edge lighting fixture to illuminate its underground garage, which services the new stateof-the-art campus hospital expansion project.

The university’s lighting consultant created the ECO Mantis™ lighting fixture, which features linear remote phosphor LEDs specifically designed to support the parking industry. The remote phosphor LED features near zero light output depreciation over time. By locating the heat sensitive phosphor away from the heat-generating LED chips, the phosphor maintains near 100 percent output over the life of the fixture.

The garage will provide much-needed parking in an active campus and is expected to be open to the public by year’s end.

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

Prior to the control system installation, the garage’s ventilation motors consumed nearly 60,000 kilowatt hours (kWh) each year at a cost of more than $8,800.

The installation of a variable flow demand-control ventilation system significantly reduced total energy consumption and costs.

Post-installation data showed that the new ventilation control system reduced the garage fan motors’ kWh consumption by more than 57,500 per year—a 96.5 percent savings. Peak kWh demand was reduced by 14.73 percent, also a 96.5 percent savings. The project’s net present value of $84,000 is nearly four times greater than the cost of the variable flow control system installation.

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Brighten up your inbox!

IPI’s Parking Matters® Blog offers the latest parking news, trends, analysis, and stories—all in the span of a coffee break.

And best of all, you can have it delivered right to your email for free.

Visit parking.org/blog to catch up on everything you need to know to stay ahead, and click on “Subscribe to Posts” to sign up. We’ll see you in the morning.

Stormwater management is pivotal for parking.

Thankfully, it’s not that difficult to master.

By Irma Henderson, CAPP, and Jennifer Tougas, CAPP, PhD

WEATHERING THE STORMS S

imply put, life on Earth exists because of the presence of water. However, water is also a force of nature that can have incredible destructive capabilities. For that reason alone, it’s important for us as parking managers to understand how our operations affect our water resources, actively take steps to protect water quality and availability, and work to mitigate the damage water can inflict. That means paying attention to stormwater management.

Natural Ecosystems In natural ecosystems, rain falls onto woodlands, wetlands, grasslands, or forests and percolates through soil and plant material to charge underwater aquifers or flow into streams and rivers. By percolating through the natural, organic materials, water is slowly absorbed and purified.

Through this process, the water’s speed and flow is tempered, and it is gradually reabsorbed into the earth. The soil itself holds the water, which reduces flooding and erosion. The amount of water that soaks into the soil is determined by the amount of organic material.

Urban Environments In urban settings, the process that happens in natural ecosystems is interrupted. Permeable soil is covered by impermeable concrete and asphalt. Rain that falls on these hard surfaces quickly runs off the surface, carrying with it any oils or pollutants to streams and rivers. Depending on the chemical, pollutants can have deadly short- and long-term consequences for the natural environment and humans.

In addition to design concepts such as permeable surfaces and stormwater retention basins, there are simple and low-cost changes that can be made to parking lot elements such as curbing that can assist you in cleaning your stormwater and replenishing the local aquifer.

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As stormwater and irrigation runoff travel across an asphalt surface or are able to pool in low lying areas, the asphalt binders are loosened, and the surface starts to break down. The asphalt materials are then carried away by vehicles and water flows. The resulting damage requires the installation of new asphalt, and the cycle starts over again.

Parking lot and roadway curbing can be designed to allow for water to pass though and in to landscaped areas where the natural materials can filter out contaminates and allow clean water to pass on.

This treatment can be added to existing facilities when landscape areas adjacent to parking lots are already below the grade level of the parking lot surface and the existing curb can be cut to allow for the water to pass into the landscape.

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Because stormwater runoff moves quickly and with some force, it causes extensive erosion. Artificially channeling water increases erosion because it increases both the speed and volume of runoff. Erosion itself is a problem as it destroys natural habitats in streams and rivers.

There are other costs as well. Erosion can undermine the structural integrity of roads, parking lots, and buildings. For the parking industry, water can have large economic effects on an organization as the water can very quickly wash away the adhesive and waterproofing properties of asphalt and get into the pavement structure, allowing it to dry out, crack, and ravel. Erosion not only increases the amount of sediments carried by stormwater runoff, but sediment running off asphalt surfaces also has large amounts of petroleum products, corrosive chemicals, and fine metals. This affects plants and animals living in our streams and rivers.

Sediment also affects the surrounding water ecosystem in several ways by absorbing heat, blocking sunlight, and polluting the water. Sediments absorb heat, so a sediment-laden river will have a higher temperature than a clear river. Warmer waters hold less oxygen, which means fewer animals are able to survive.

Sediments in the water column block sunlight. Less light means less photosynthesis by algae and aquatic

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

plants living on the streambed. This not only reduces the amount of oxygen in the water column, but also reduces the amount of food available to support the herbivores at the base of the food chain. This, in turn, means less food is available to their predators, such as fish, birds, and mammals.

Sediments sink to the floor of streams and rivers.

This eliminates homes for aquatic invertebrates, an important food source for predatory fish. The sediments also smother algae and smaller aquatic plants.

Protecting the Water Supply As discussed, impermeable concrete and asphalt alter the natural flow and quality of water in urban environments. Fortunately, there are steps that we in the parking industry can take to protect our water supply and our parking assets.

To begin with, we can address water quality issues by simply keeping our parking lots clean and asphalt assets well-maintained. Regularly sweeping our parking lots to remove trash and debris improves the quality of any stormwater running off the pavement. Promptly treating and cleaning fluids, such as oils and coolants, that leak from vehicles also reduces water pollution.

Parking lots and roads that are well-maintained at regular intervals can last for many years; maintenance offers significant cost savings as it is more cost efficient to maintain the asphalt than it is to build and rebuild.

With a strong, durable surface, water will naturally flow off the surface as designed. However, damage to an asphalt surface will allow water to seep through, deteriorate the sub-structure, and compromise its ability to sustain the pressure of traffic loads. When the foundation beneath the asphalt is damaged, the surface

CASE STUDY

UCR Parking Lot 32 Construction and Storm Water Basin

W

hen the University California Riverside’s most recent parking lot, Lot 32, was constructed, it included a stormwater retention basin. The stormwater runoff from the parking lot’s asphalt surface drains in the basin, where it percolates into the soil.

A month after the asphalt paving was completed, the area received several days of intermittent storms that washed away excess oil from the asphalt surface. In a traditional design,

this oil-contaminated stormwater would have been directed to a stormwater inlet on campus, where it would have been deposited into Lake Evans in nearby Fairmount Park or directly into the Santa Ana River and on to the Pacific Ocean.

Instead of that environmentally damaging trip, the contaminated water fed into the onsite retention basin, and the oil was left on the surface of the soil basin. The oil-impregnated soil can be removed in the future and properly disposed of.

is more susceptible to potholes, alligator cracking, and further water erosion.

In parking lot and roadway designs, we can funnel polluted stormwater into sewer systems so runoff is treated by the municipal water treatment plant. While this may be a convenient solution, it may not always be the most feasible one, especially if there is a large body of water such as a river or lake nearby. In several coastal states where sewers drain directly into the ocean, there are significant rules and regulations regarding stormwater management that mandate onsite mitigation and treatment of runoff.

Several landscaping and surface treatments can be used to reduce stormwater runoff, including incorporating the use of bioswales and permeable surfaces. Bioswales, such as rain gardens, are landscaping treatments used to slow, collect, infiltrate, filter, and store stormwater until it is reabsorbed into the ground. These drainage areas are often filled with native, water-loving plants that can tolerate being under water for short periods of time, but they can also simply be filled with rock.

In flatter areas, permeable surfaces, such as areas covered with pavers or permeable concrete, can be a good solution for stormwater. They allow water to penparking.org/tpp

etrate below the surface and percolate through the soil below to recharge natural aquifers. However, permeable surfaces are susceptible to erosion as the speed of the water flow still plays a big role in runoff. Depending upon your water flow needs or landscaping plan design, you can slow down water and erosion damage by having it crash into larger rocks that are in the drainage channel where the water flows. The water expends some of its energy on the rocks instead of the surface treatment in the channel. If you slow down the water, it has less force, and with less force, there is less erosion and sediment.

While organizations can invest in alternative transportation programs and advances in technology that reduce parking demand, asphalt facilities to accommodate vehicle parking and travel will always exist. However, the need to address the political, environmental, and economic conditions created by stormwater will also continue to exist as the natural progression of the planet’s weather patterns continue. As parking operators, land developers, and planners, it is our obligation to ensure that we are aware of all of the options that exist to be able to understand what is at stake and appropriately allocate our limited resources and make the hard decisions for the future.

IRMA HENDERSON, CAPP, is director of transportation services at the University of California Riverside. She can be reached at irma. henderson@ucr.edu.

JENNIFER TOUGAS, CAPP, PhD, is director of parking and transportation services at Western Kentucky University.

She can be reached at jennifer.tougas@ wku.edu.

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Transportation demand management (TDM) cozies up to parking with great results.

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By Ron Steedly, CAPP, MEd

D

on’t let the TDM word (transportation demand management) steer you away from learning how its strategies may help increase your parking asset’s use, allowing you to be more profitable and expand your services to better the customer experience. The urban legend that TDM folks think parking is evil is just that—an urban legend. TDM professionals need parking, and parking professionals are affected by TDM, so partnering to be a part of the solution is the way to go.

parking.org/tpp

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and expansion of entire facilities or capital renewal of aging subsystems that are nearing the end of their useful lives.

If you examine the examples of something even further, you will notice the three pillars (three Ps) of sustainability are embedded in them (people, planet, and profit). We all know sustainable business practices are just smart business as long as all pillars are represented.

As discussed in past issues of The Parking Professional, profit is just as important as people and planet because we have to stay in business to affect the latter two. So let’s dive into how TDM can have an overall sustainable impact with us coming out ahead in regard to the parking assets in the overall transportation ecosystem.

No One Size Fits All

Whether you have surface parking, structured parking, or both, we need vehicles using our facilities to generate revenue.

We are always looking for strategies to increase revenue, reduce expenses, and affect cash flow. TDM might actually be a tool we can use to help us do just that. TDM addresses the first mile, last mile, and every mile in between; parking fits into that system somewhere along the way. Whether your organization has responsibility only for parking assets or for parking and additional assets in the transportation system, TDM can be used to have a positive effect on your return on investment (ROI).

So what exactly is TDM? You could ask that question of 10 different people and get 10 different answers that are actually all correct when viewed through the lens of the person answering the question. If you study the answers enough, you find the common thread among them is to elicit travel mobility behavior change by creating an array of strategies to promote the use of various transportation choices to have an effect on something.

That something is the lens mentioned above. Some examples of something are: ●● Land use. ●● Creating access to work and recreation opportunities. ●● Pollution. ●● Traffic congestion. ●● Vehicle miles traveled. ●● Passenger miles traveled. ●● Public health. ●● Community quality of life. ●● Transportation asset management (infrastructure and capital), which includes parking demand.

The Uses of TDM I know, I just said TDM is used to affect parking, but it can be a good thing. TDM can help us efficiently manage our existing assets and plan for the replacement

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Each jurisdiction has its own challenges to mitigate using TDM strategies. It is not one size fits all. There are strategies that are proven to impact various somethings better than others under certain conditions, but all strategies affect most areas to some degree. Even though best practices exist, they should be used as a guide and molded to best serve the jurisdiction’s goals for its overall transportation system. An example would be to encourage bicycling rather than transit to provide relief to the transit system, minimize capital expenditures, and expand the capacity of the transit system.

Whether you have surface parking, structured parking, or both, we need vehicles using our facilities to generate revenue. Each space in our inventory needs to generate revenue at or beyond our projection to hit our business goals and reach our desired ROI. Finding the appropriate facility use mix is paramount to being profitable so we can continue to serve our parking customers and the ultimate destinations surrounding our facilities. This is where getting on the TDM bandwagon with your jurisdiction may be fruitful.

Your TDM Toolkit Let’s look into some TDM strategies and apply them to parking to see if they could possibly affect our utilization percentage and use mix to increase profits. We need to remember, these TDM strategies use tools to change people’s travel behavior. Examples of tools include but are not limited to: ●● Subsidies. ●● Incentives. ●● Flex time. ●● Telecommuting. ●● Pricing strategies for transportation infrastructure, such as toll roads and parking.

Typically, a combination of tools is used, and some have a real cost. Though true, the real cost is usually cheaper than the cost of new infrastructure and/or capital assets so, system wide, we are saving money while providing the same level and/or capacity of service.

The first tool that comes to mind directly related to parking is changing the price of parking to influence the use of alternative means of transportation. At first glance, this means the TDM folks are trying to reduce the demand for parking, which in some cases is true, but we need to look at the end goal and purpose of using this tool. It might actually increase the demand for parking (incidentally, this is the first measure in the Parksmart certification standard).

Increasing the price of parking for the end user will likely reduce demand. The end goal may be to mitigate the need to build more parking, use existing assets more efficiently, and/or affect other somethings mentioned above. This strategy is particularly effective in areas that have parking constraints and/or where surrounding destinations may subsidize their employees’ parking costs along with parking constraints. Passing market-priced parking along to users will likely make alternative transportation more attractive. If parking is currently subsidized, this would likely be done by eliminating or reducing the parking subsidy. For private operators, this would not affect a private parking operator’s revenue if demand remains greater than supply. In the case of ­employer-owned parking assets with demand still exceeding supply, a reduction or elimination of the subsidy would have an immediate effect on ROI because expenses would be reduced. Additionally, the resulting increased use of alternative means of transportation also impacts traffic congestion, air quality, and personal economics as well.

What about reducing the price of parking outright or through a subsidy from an employer or jurisdiction? Why would we do this? An example of this may be part of an effort to incentivize people to take advantage of remote park-and-ride locations and take alternative methods of transportation from that location. The park-and-ride location could facilitate many alternative transportation methods, such as rail, transit, and carpooling, and have an effect on traffic congestion from that origin to the destinations served.

Depending on location, bicycling may be a method of getting customers to the location in the so-called first mile, so offering secure bicycle parking may also be considered. If we use the same example above, but reduce the price of parking 20 percent, we would need a 25 percent increase in parking demand to be ­revenue-neutral. Anything more than that is additional profit. If a private operator contracted this and the reduction was a subsidy, the private operator would likely not need an increase in demand to be revenue neutral and would just benefit from the uptick in demand. Again, this would likely be used with other tools available to the jurisdiction to impact the overall transportation system.

Let’s say your facility currently serves a transportation management association (TMA) for a manufacturing business district that currently runs a day-shift business parking.org/tpp

Reducing or Eliminating Subsidies Let’s assume parking demand does not exceed supply.

If you were to be a part of an effort to reduce or eliminate parking subsidies and the cost of parking increased 20 percent, you could lose 16 percent of your current customer base and be revenue neutral.

If half your customers who were unwilling to pay the new rate decided to carpool (worst case, four people per car) and use your preferred parking space option (incentive) for carpoolers, they would each save 70 percent from your old rate, have more social interaction with their carpool-mates, share the costs of commuting and driving responsibilities, and you would have an overall increase in revenue of 3.2 percent. Additionally, you would have increased capacity available to sell to new contract customers or to increase the visitor parking inventory if you have a mixed-use facility.

This could also be held as a buffer to manage unexpected changes in parking demand and avoid building new parking assets. This sounds like a win. As an aside, there would be three fewer cars on the road for each carpool as well. This might not seem like a lot, but to put it in perspective, imagine if all the parents in the car line at your child’s school carpooled their kids. What would it look like to have 60 or 75 percent fewer cars in that line?

model, so your parking assets are not being used 60 percent of the time, but the capacity is being stretched to its limits. To increase efficiencies of their capital assets and the possibilities to attract new employees and offer options for current employees, the district decides to offer two shifts. Even if the first shift drops 25 percent and the second shift is only half the size of the old day shift, that effort will increase the demand for parking and free up capacity. Working with the TMA with their shift scheduling to ensure parking is available during shift overlap is important to manage the supply and demand of parking in those short peak demand periods.

Combine this with other TDM strategies and the TMA will have a far-reaching impact.

To Sum Up TDM, ROI, and More ...

These examples are given to jumpstart the thought process on how TDM affects the overall transportation ecosystem and specifically how parking fits into your specific situation. It is clear that parking fits into TDM and is a necessary component in travel and mobility. As parking professionals, our industry is evolving, and our influence is expanding farther than we realize. I would venture to say we are actually transportation professionals who specialize in parking due to our expanding circle of influence.

RON STEEDLY, CAPP, MEd, is alternative transportation manager at Texas A&M University. He can be reached at rsteedly@tamu.edu.

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G

oing green is a hot topic and for good reason—it’s great for the planet, great for public and community relations, and it can save money, which is good for the bottom line. IPI recognizes its green supplier members each year with the Green Star Exhibitor designation for exhibitors at the IPI Conference & Expo, to be held in May in New Orleans, La. (ipiconference.parking.org).

Green Star Exhibitors offer products or services that support sustainability goals, linked to the objectives of IPI’s Sustainability Framework and the Parksmart certification program for garages offered by the U.S. Green Building Council—the people behind LEED. The Green Star Exhibitor program has enjoyed steady growth since its launch, and we wanted to know why exhibitors and supplier companies think it’s important. So we asked! Here’s what some of them had to say.

Why has your company embraced green or sustainable business practices?

David Zeitlin, director of sales, Cambridge Architectural Mesh: It begins on a personal level with our employees. Being based on Maryland’s Eastern Shore, many of our team members’ families and friends work in agriculture and seafood. They take great interest in protecting our natural resources, particularly the Chesapeake Bay. It’s a primary reason why our company has marketed the

earning gre ISTOCK / 29MOKARA / MICROVONE

IPI’s Green Star Exhibitors on why sustainability is so important to their businesses and to parking as a whole.

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sustainable benefits of architectural mesh for several decades, long before being green was a trend.

David Waal, founder, Parking Sense USA: Our product by itself reduces driving around time in a garage by up to 30 percent. This is an enormous reduction in emissions, as well as time savings for consumers. Additionally, our system is LED-based and runs on low-voltage wiring for additional green benefits. When designing a system it was important to us to have a low carbon footprint. It didn’t make sense for us to have a product that saves car emissions while running a system that used substantial environmental resources.

Jeff Smallidge, PE, LEED AP BD+C, parking consultant, Walker Parking Consultants: Walker has embraced sustainable business practices because it is the right thing to do for the environment,

our clients, our employees, and our firm. We have been designing sustainable parking facilities for more than 50 years. Walker is committed to sustainability, both in principle and in practice. We exercise consulting, design, and business practices that meet the needs of our clients and employees in an environmentally, socially, and economically responsive manner.

What has a commitment to sustainability done for your company?

Dean Hill, ASLA, CGP, director of sustainability, greenscreen: greenscreen considers and approaches sustainability as a way to maintain market leadership and separate what we do from everyone else, not only within our own industry offering

en stars

parking.org/tpp

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New parking garages are being designed with solar and electric car chargers, with LED lighting. The momentum is building, and the parking industry is responding and catching the wave.

What’s involved for you in being greener?

Jeff Smallidge: Walker takes pride in staying ahead of the curve. One of our key strategic goals is to continuously provide industry leadership for quality, value, innovation, and best practices for our clients. We strive to be the employer of choice, where people are passionate about their work, have fun, achieve their full potential, and are rewarded for their effective contributions. Being greener means that our employees are on the cutting edge when it comes to design, research, and trends in the sustainability marketplace of ideas. We regularly hold internal seminars where the latest trends are discussed, encourage our staff to participate in professional organizations that focus on sustainability, and strongly support and encourage our technical personnel to become both Parksmart Advisors and LEED Accredited Professionals (APs).

David Zeitlin: I am fortunate to have a role in driving our research and development efforts. So for me, being green is an essential criterion for any new architectural mesh product we bring to market. If there is not a direct benefit to sustainability, I ask why not and ask our engineering team to take a step back. In today’s design environment, construction materials with a green benefit are significantly more desirable. As manufacturers, we are in a great position to effect each project to the end by ensuring that our products offer these attributes along with good economics and performance.

David Waal: We started with a green concept and design so it’s already part of the fabric of our company.

Educating our clients and potential clients on how our system can help with their initiatives is where we have spent a lot of our time. Everyone talks about being green, but they still need education on how they can be green in different areas.

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What are the biggest rewards of committing to sustainability in parking?

Dean Hill: One of the biggest rewards in committing to sustainability within the parking industry is that we hope to provide leadership and expertise in an area that is just being developed and emphasized. greenscreen has always supported the commitment and vision of design professionals to incorporate low-impact, environmentally sensitive building practices and promote sustainable design principles. greenscreen has been a longtime contributor to USGBC, AIA and ASLA as they push forward with sustainable agendas, and we feel that continuing an association with the Parksmart program, formerly Green Garage Certification, is a perfect extension of this outreach.

Daniel Shanahan: Parking has a massive footprint in communities around the world, is tied to communities and the people who live in them, and parking is tethered now to the smart grid, smart cities, smart buildings, smart parking, smartphones—each of which is now rooted in LEED principals and solutions that reduce carbon and greenhouse gases. The reward is in contributing in some way to the solution, and in each step taken, parking professionals are responding to the call to be responsible for the planet in their immediate surroundings.

Where do you think sustainability will grow the most in parking and transportation in the next 10 years?

Dean Hill: The continued advancement of this initiative requires a call to move the sustainability conversation within the parking industry beyond the single claim of energy efficiency. While great strides have been made to increase the energy efficiency of the industry, there are similar opportunities to be garnered in the areas of water conservation, stormwater management, biodiversity, and green infrastructure. The incorporation of living architecture technology can help to maximize these opportunities as well as alleviate urban environmental conditions such as the urban heat island effect.

David Zeitlin: Parking and transportation have the opportunity to become more integrated with the environment and be contributors versus contractors. To that end, I think continued advancements in building

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but as a means across all industries. Sustainability has been an excellent vehicle to use as a first-to-market approach, and we have always utilized third-party verifications as a way to emphasis this approach.

Daniel Shanahan, director of sales and marketing, EVSE LLC: Our company has become increasingly aware that our products are tethered to a larger ecosystem of products focused on climate change. We have recently begun recruiting newly graduated engineers who are excited about this market.

material design will be the key driver in this integration.

Parking structures have incredible amounts of surface area. There is a great opportunity to take advantage of this space and use it to manage and harvest energy, reduce waste, and contribute positively to the water cycle and help regulate air quality. The opportunity is there, and I believe the materials industry sees the environmental and financial benefits to creating those outcomes.

Daniel Shanahan: It has grown substantially already.

Parksmart, now part of the USGBC, is just one example.

Sustainability is mainstream now; it is embedded and growing from the federal level to municipal policy. New parking garages are being designed with solar and electric car chargers, with LED lighting. The momentum is building, and the parking industry is responding and catching the wave.

Jeff Smallidge: Technology will continue to re-shape how we approach parking and transportation and will also have a tremendous impact on sustainability during the next 10 years. Technological innovation is transforming the parking industry, resulting in parking systems that are more user friendly, more efficient, and more sustainable than ever before.

Why did you decide to apply to be a Green Star Exhibitor with IPI? David Waal: The attendees at IPI are still trying to figure out what vendors/products are green and which aren’t. We applied for the Green Star Exhibitor to let the different attendees be aware of us as a green solution to some of their parking issues.

Dean Hill: The Green Star Exhibitor designation was a perfect way to differentiate ourselves from the rest of the exhibitors and highlighted exactly what we have been striving for with our sustainability marketing emphasis.

We feel that sustainability permeates throughout our company and strategies and that being a Green Star Exhibitor helps to initiate a dialogue where we can help to tell the story.

Jeff Smallidge: Walker believes To join these companies and others as very strongly in sustainability, both Green Star Exhibitors at the 2017 IPI in principle and in practice. We applied to be a Green Star Exhibitor Conference & Expo in New Orleans, to demonstrate our commitment to visit ipiconference.parking.org/2017. green parking and to support IPI in their effort to promote sustainability in the parking industry.

Be a Parking Super Hero Permits. Distribution. Software.

www.rydin.com

e. sales@rydin.com | p. 800.448.1991

parking.org/tpp

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

43

LIGHTING IT UP P

arking is fundamental to the success of any real estate project and plays a pivotal role in both finances and compliance with community and regulatory requirements. Too often, parking lighting is regarded as mere illumination without regard for the many ways it can affect a real estate project.

In recent years, parking organizations have expressed increased interest in getting help with the engineering and implementation of exterior surface and garage parking lighting. Sometimes they just want to save money. Other times, they feel that their current parking lot lighting can be improved so security perception improves and

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

CASE STUDY

How a seven-property lighting retrofit improved business, boosted community relations, and saved money.

By Bradford H. Dockser

people feel more comfortable shopping at the center. Or there may be a regulatory or community issue in play that needs to be addressed.

Often overlooked during the initial design and only addressed at the end of a project, parking lighting has the ability to create hard and soft returns, having significant effects on an asset’s perception and value. The right parking lot lighting solution will not only lower the costs to operate the parking lighting, but can improve sales, occupancy, and community relations. Usually the very first thing someone sees when they are approaching a property is the pleasing effect of exterior lighting. parking.org/tpp

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

45

Developing the Right Approach Seven regional shopping centers across the U.S. needed new lighting to lower operating costs and improve the perception of the properties. Developing an appropriate response required answers to several simple questions: ●● How old are the centers? ●● Where are they located? ●● What is the electric spend on exterior parking lighting? ●● Have there been security issues in the past? ●● Who owns the lighting—the center owner or the anchors? ●● Who pays the utility charges and what is the lease structure? ●● What is the overall business plan for the centers?

Developing an approach that could address these issues and provide a good return on investment (ROI) for the privately held real estate private equity firm that owned the centers was important. Understanding other factors to success in designing lighting solutions is also important. After surveying several sites, these factors also became part of the scope: ●● Lowering electricity costs through more effective lighting. ●● Reducing light pollution and increasing regulatory compliance with focused luminaires and advanced controls. ●● Improving lighting aesthetics relating to light color temperatures, color rendering (CRI), and distribution.

The selection process started with a review of appropriate lighting and control solutions to replace existing 277V/480V metal halide and high-pressure sodium lights. The solution included seven possible light fixture solutions from different manufacturers. Combined with innovative control options, each solution had the potential to greatly reduce the power required to run the fixtures and address site needs and objectives, albeit each with a different return on investment.

Conducting photometric studies helped identify light levels and distribution. First, existing conditions were modeled, and then the new solutions were added to determine changes in lighting levels. The illustration from one site clearly showed how light levels and uniformity increased, eliminating many shaded areas that concerned shoppers and the security team alike. The new distributions would show the property in a much better light, improving perception and reducing operating costs.

Modeling the effects relative to Title 24 and dark-sky requirements was an important aspect of the project.

The Test A new approach was needed to evaluate the seven potential light fixtures. Initially, each manufacturer shared their solutions separately. However, this approach made it difficult to evaluate each potential lighting solution

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

relative to the others. Seeing them on a side-by-side basis made more sense. Instead, each manufacturer shipped three light fixtures to a single client site and then mocked up the seven types of fixtures on adjacent poles in the same section of the center’s parking lot.

Once the mockups were completed, the owner and managers were invited to evaluate the lighting solutions in the parking lot of the test site. As darkness fell, the parking lot light fixtures came on. Within 20 minutes, the team was able to easily identify its preferences.

This led to the next step: providing cost figures to the

Most centers also saw their community relations improve with a reduction in light pollution and neighbor complaints, of which lighting had been a leading cause.

pending holiday schedules 10 weeks out during the implementation period. By coordinating with each site and providing consistent paperwork across each utility, the process moved forward smoothly across seven sites spread throughout the U.S.

The Results

client. The process was important because it ensured the client’s decision was not swayed solely by each fixture’s cost and ROI, enabling the client to remain focused first on the lighting aesthetics. Two proposed lighting solutions emerged from this process that would change based on the cost of electricity and available rebates to protect the project ROI and meet investment hurdles.

Combined with the proposed fixture-level control solution, the selected lighting could provide the seven sites with: ●● Lowered operating costs through more efficient lighting and reduced operating costs from better scheduling and dimming. ●● Improved regulation compliance—LED lights are more optically focused to reduce light spill. ●● Tailored scheduling and automation control that better matched light levels with operations. ●● Improved security by increased uniformity and perceived brightness and by added dimming controls that enhanced the security presence. ●● Higher sales attributed to improved lighting with higher car counts and longer stays.

The Implementation Having only two fixtures in the solution simplified the project implementation. First, it was important to coordinate seven different lighting rebate programs across the country. The process was also affected by parking.org/tpp

The lighting project at the seven sites reduced operating expenses collectively by $399,800 in utility costs and $49,500 in reduced operations and maintenance costs.

The $449,300 in reduced operating costs created more than $6.4 million of value for the opportunity fund in direct equity value, while also increasing sales by more than 3 percent from what the property managers indicated anecdotally. And thanks to $233,700 in rebates received across the seven sites, the overall project payback was only slightly more than four years.

Each site’s light levels were consistent with the final photometric analyses initially presented. The onsite property engineers lauded the improved controls systems for their ability to segment the property by anchor tenant and use. Setting dimming and security-lighting schedules to reflect tenant-specific operating hours both reduced operating expenses and customer complaints. Moreover, the controls system allows for scheduling adjustments from anywhere there is internet access—an especially useful feature during holiday seasons.

Most centers also saw their community relations improve with a reduction in light pollution and neighbor complaints, of which lighting had been a leading cause.

Other types of complaints were reduced as well, likely as neighbors changed their perception of each center’s management and responsiveness.

Building on Experience The initial work for this institutional property owner led to an enterprise-wide solution. Clearly, economics are critical, and ROI was a primary driver of the solution, but understanding other issues such as community relations, lighting design standards, dark sky, and Title 24 compliance need to be a part of any well-designed exterior lighting solution. And addressing light levels by pole and by tenant (e.g., movie theaters) drives value and leads to success. Improving the appearance of the property and moving the cap rate a few basis points increased value as well.

BRADFORD H. DOCKSER is CEO of Green Generation Solutions. He can be reached at brad@ greengenerationsolutions. com.

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

47

IPI IN ACTION IPI MEMBERSHIP

IPI’S NEW SYSTEM AND YOU (EMPHASIS ON YOU!)

By Rachel Yoka, CAPP, LEED AP BD+C

M

embership has its benefits, right? Insider information, deeply discounted programs and registration fees, access to a massive network of professionals, and resources are just a few of the benefits IPI members enjoy every day.

First things first: if you aren’t a member of the International Parking Institute, go to parking.org and click the Join button (or give us a call) to learn more.

Investing In Our Members IPI’s investments in our members are sometimes highly visible—the vibrant Parking Matters® campaign advances the parking industry worldwide through positive media exposure, telling the great stories that parking professionals experience and provide day in, day out.

Another example is the new parking.org website and Resource Center, launched earlier this year and that are getting great traction with members and Google alike.

Sometimes, investment in our members isn’t as immediately apparent but no less valuable. Your database of your customers or patrons is essential to your business—it is your lifeline, your pipeline, and the future of your organization. That fact rings true at IPI; our database is the backbone that allows us to communicate and interact with you.

Early this fall, IPI launched a new membership system (the association version of your database). You may not have noticed, and that’s perfectly fine by us.

That means the transition was seamless for most of our members and contacts. If you did notice and have logged in, that’s terrific. If not, please come reset your password and check it out.

We value your security so we chose a robust and well-known association system to manage and protect all your information. It integrates with our conference management platform and our online learning management system, “talking” efficiently and effectively with both.

Making the Most of it RACHEL YOKA, CAPP, LEED AP BD+C, is IPI’s vice president of program development. She can be reached at yoka@parking.org.

48

Upon login to the new-and-improved IPI dashboard (parking.org), you will see several options to maximize your experience. Here are seven fast and easy ways to make the most if it: 1. Under “My Profile,” select “Edit My Information” to review and update your contact information. Upload your favorite headshot, too!

2. Under “Registrations,” browse for and purchase on-

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

line learning and in-person trainings to propel your career. (Conference registration will be a separate process, but don’t worry—parking.org has the link for early-bird registration.)

3. Under “The Parking Professional Online,” you may view the latest magazine issues. This online format provides direct links for advertisers, export capability, and more.

4. Search the membership directory and access contact information on IPI members worldwide.

5. IPI membership includes all staff of a member organization. Primary members manage the membership for the organization as a whole and can add as many contacts as they’d like, offering everyone access to IPI member benefits.

6. IPI committee members will see their active committees and can access rosters and related documents.

7. CAPPs can record their points and self-report activity to maintain their credential right on the website.

We Need YOU! We encourage you to log in and check out your information, access your membership, and read the latest news online. We know you may have questions—please reach out to us at ipi@parking.org or 571.699.3011! Let’s build this new membership system together.

One of the many perks of IPI membership is a free digital subscription to IPI’s award-winning The Parking Professional monthly magazine (which you are clearly familiar with). Members receive access to the latest issues in a convenient online format long before they are available to the general public. To access the latest issues, click on the gray tab at the upper right corner of your profile screen.

Introducing Parksmart*, the world's only rating system that defines, measures and recognizes high-performing, sustainable new and existing garage facilities.

gbci.org/parksmart

*Formerly Green Garage Certification

STATE & REGIONAL SPOTLIGHT MID-SOUTH TRANSPORTATION AND PARKING ASSOCIATION

MSTPA: CONTINUED GROWTH AND COMMITMENT TO CUSTOMER SERVICE

By Brent Matthews, CAPP

T

he Mid-South Transportation and Parking Association (MSTPA) has seen continued growth in its annual conferences. Whether in Louisville, Ky. (2016); Orange Beach, Ala. (2015); or Chattanooga, Tenn. (2014), the membership and attendance continue to increase. The MSTPA board of directors has made a commitment to always focus on the customer service aspect of professional development with frontline employees and management as the primary target groups.

Our 2016 conference in Louisville was a great success. We welcomed 177 attendees and 30 exhibitors for the show. The historic Brown Hotel served as the host for classrooms, exhibits, overnight accommodations, and dining throughout the conference, as well as a bourbon-tasting event that served as the kickoff to the conference on Sunday evening.

Attendees were offered many options to choose from during educational and operational tours on Monday.

These included a bus tour of the University of Louisville (UofL) campus and the opportunity to discuss the technology and sustainability iniatives while visiting UofL’s newly built student activity center. There was a tour of the Transit Authority of River City (TARC), where attendees got to see the newest electric buses and charging stations along the Fourth Street corridor, as well as a LEED-certified operational facility. The final tour was of the Parking Authority of River City (PARC) operations. Attendees got to tour some of PARC’s facilities along with its impressive control center that’s used for monitoring activities and operations for many of their facilities.

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

Education Each year, the MSTPA tries to target frontline personnel during our annual conference. This year was no exception. We were pleased to have Cindy Campbell, IPI’s senior training and development specialist, with us for two days of training sessions. One session focused on customer service, and the second was on dealing with conflict resolution. We welcomed more than 85 attendees to these classes.

Other great sessions included: ●● Accredited Parking Organization (APO) Introduction. ●● Emergency Preparedness within Your Operation. ●● Increasing Off-Street Enforcement Efficiency. ●● Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for Your Operation. ●● Garage Restoration Presentation. ●● Western Kentucky Case Study on Implementing a Car-Free Program. ●● Louisville Experience in Extending Hours of On-Street Operations. ●● University and Municipal Shop Talks.

Monday Evening Dinner MSTPA makes an effort each year to have an offsite event for attendees and showcase the city that hosts the conference. This year, we hosted a dinner at the Muhammad Ali Center, with allotted time to tour the museum and see many interesting exhibits from Ali’s career. We were pleased to have Tiffany Smith, director of PARC, deliver our keynote address and talk about the changes and opportunities she encountered throughout her 19 years in the parking industry.

None of the state and regional associations could survive without the support of our sponsors and exhibitors.

Our sponsors included SP+; Passport; Republic Parking; Weldon, Williams, & Lick; T2 Systems; THP Limited; CramZ Marketing; NuPark; OTW Safety; Hectronic; Cardinal Tracking; First Transit; IPS Group; Res-Tek;

MSTPA Board of Directors PRESIDENT

Brent Matthews, CAPP Chattanooga Area Regional Transit Authority VICE PRESIDENT

Tad Irvin Premier Parking SECRETARY

Mike Tudor Parking Authority of River City TREASURER

Liz Zimmer THP Limited Inc. Walker Parking Consultants; Passio Technologies; Carl Walker; BallParc; PCS Mobile; AIMS/EDC; Zipcar; Parking Soft; HUB Parking; G&H Rubber Supply; Creative Parking Concepts; Toledo Ticket; Louvers International; and DoubleMap.

2017 Conference We are looking forward to hosting the 2017 Conference in Knoxville, Tenn. We will be at the Crowne Plaza in downtown Knoxville, March 13–15. We are pleased to welcome Vanessa Cummings, CAPP, who will lead our customer service training. We are also looking forward to our offsite event at the Women’s Basketball Hall of Fame.

We will once again have many interesting conference sessions and exhibits for attendees to attend and see.

Mark your calendars now!

Mike Harris, CAPP University of Mississippi

Mark Hairr University of Tennessee

Jennifer Tougas, CAPP, PhD Western Kentucky University

Beverly Lowe City of Huntsville

Don Andrae Auburn University

Steve Hernandez, CAPP SP+

BRENT MATTHEWS, CAPP, is director of parking with the Chattanooga Area Regional Transit Authority. He can be reached at matthews_ brent@gocarta.org.

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

51

COMMUNITY DIGEST

Abrapark and IPI Welcome Parking Pros to Brazil

Abrapark, the Brazilian parking association, and IPI recently welcomed more than 150 parking professionals from six countries to the International Parking Conference in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Attendees came from Brazil, Austria, Belgium, France, Spain, and the U.S., for several days of professional development and networking.

IPI members Kim Jackson, CAPP, Princeton University; Roamy Valera,

• Proven performance (since 1958)

CAPP, SP+; Leonard T. Bier, CAPP, JD, Bier & Associates; and Michael Martindill, Timothy Haahs & Associates, spoke during the event. As the saying goes, a

• Collect unpaid fines

great (and productive) time was had by all.

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

2017 IPI Conference & Expo May 21-24 | New Orleans, La.

WTW DESIGNING GREEN GARAGE ON PITTSBURGH’S NORTH SHORE WTW Architects recently announced progress on its intentionally green garage going up in Pittsburgh, Pa. “The Stadium Authority of the city of Pittsburgh,” says Larry Payne, WTW principal architect in charge, “wants its new garage to be a green garage as recognized by Green Business Certification, Inc. (GBCI) and is targeting a Parksmart Gold Certification once completed. Parksmart, (formerly known as Green Garage Certification) is the world’s only rating system that defines, measures, and recognizes high-performing, sustainable garages.”

Construction of the 1,000-car, six-level parking garage, bordered by Tony Dorsett Drive, Art Rooney Avenue, Reedsdale, and West General Robinson Streets on Pittsburgh’s North Shore near Heinz Field, is currently coming out of the ground with the precast panels. Completion of the $24.5 million project is expected by the spring of next year.

“It will be a sustainably designed transportation hub with convenient protected bike parking for up to 100 bicyclists and

parking.org/tpp

easy access to nearby LRT and Bike Share stations. Other features include stormwater bioretention areas, daylighting sensors, and LED lighting with occupancy sensors throughout the facility,” says Payne. “The garage should meet the qualifications for a GBCI’s Parksmart certification and is a step forward in shaping a sustainable mobility network in Pittsburgh.”

WTW Architects served as the local architect for the design of Heinz Field as well as the North Shore parking garage on East General Robinson Street. The firm was also the local architect for the design of Fifth Avenue Place. Other local clients include the Pittsburgh Cultural Trust, University of Pittsburgh, Allegheny Health Network, Duquesne University, Penn State University, Medrad, and Respironics.

The firm has achieved national recognition for a variety of award-winning projects.

Additional clients include the University of Texas, Louisiana State University, Georgia Tech, University of Vermont, University of Miami, and the University of California at Irvine.

LEARN From Parking Experts and Thought Leaders

Attend diverse and varied education sessions on the most important topics facing today’s parking landscape.

With more than 50 education sessions and pre-Conference workshops, you’ll leave with actionable insights and valuable new connections.

Join more than 250 exhibitors in 170,000+ square feet full of cuttingedge products and solutions!

Register now and SAVE! Early-bird registration ends January 31, 2017.

IPIConference.parking.org

COMMUNITY DIGEST

Parkeon Expands Whoosh! Mobile Parking App TWO YEARS AGO, Parkeon launched mobile parking payment app Whoosh! throughout Syracuse, N.Y. The app allows parkers the flexibility to pay for parking from their mobile devices, receive reminders that their time is expiring, and allows for the remote extension of parking time.

The deployment in Syracuse was the first implementation of Whoosh! in the U.S. Since then, it has been adopted by Parkeon clients across the country and has been especially successful in New York state. Whoosh! can now be used in six locations in New York: City of Niagara Falls; City of Syracuse, the villages of East Rockaway, Lynbrook, and Valley Stream; and Binghamton University. Several more Whoosh! deployments are planned in New York in the coming months.

The Whoosh! app has become very popular among parkers. For example,

even though the on-street parking kiosks in Syracuse offer multiple payment options (coins, bills, and credit cards), more than 10 percent of on-street parking is paid for through the app. At Binghamton University, 15 percent of transactions are done through the app in parking lots that offer alternative ways to pay. Close to 10,000 parkers have used the Whoosh! app so far throughout New York.

“We are extremely happy about the success of the Whoosh! application, particularly in New York state,” says Sean Renn, vice president of sales and marketing for Parkeon, Inc. “It is exciting that we have evolved as a company by first offering hardware for parking payment and now seeing that our clients have embraced our digital platforms.”

SKIDATA Promotes Matthew Gooley SKIDATA, Inc., announced the promotion of Matthew Gooley to marketing specialist in the company’s U.S. headquarters. Gooley will be responsible for developing an organized marketing road map and executing the plan for all business units of SKIDATA in the U.S.—car, events, and mountain.

Gooley started with SKIDATA, Inc., in the Hillsborough, N.J.-based headquarters as an administrative assistant and technical support coordinator in the service and operations department in 2014. For the past year, he has assisted Karen Blasing Pradhan with marketing tasks and events. He holds a bachelor’s degree from Stockton University and brings years of creative media experience to his new role with ­SKIDATA. Pradhan will concentrate on more technical, product-­centric aspects within the company. She says, “SKIDATA, Inc., is growing with every success, and the addition of Matt’s creativity in this position will allow us to represent our multiple business disciplines in a more coordinated and focused marketing approach.”

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

GONZALEZ NAMED MANAGING PRINCIPAL, MID-SOUTH REGION, OF WALKER PARKING CONSULTANTS

W

alker Parking Consultants recently announced that Jacob Gonzalez was named managing principal of its Mid-South Region. In addition to managing Walker’s Houston office, he will also oversee projects throughout Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Mississippi, and Arkansas. He was recently named one of the industry’s most influential professionals under the age of 40 by ENR Texas and Louisiana. He was also recognized as a Top 10 Structural Engineer by Civil + Structural Engineering magazine.

“We are excited to have Jacob leading our practice out of Texas,” says Casey Wagner, PE, senior vice president. “He brings tremendous experience with local knowledge and relationships in the design community and is nationally recognized as

a thought leader for health care.”

Gonzalez is well-known throughout the parking industry for developing a collaborative approach to parking design called parking integration.

“Parking integration is a process designed to get multiple stakeholders working collaboratively toward a common goal and achieve alignment,” he says. “This process is the essence of what parking planning and design is about at Walker. Leveraging all the expertise under one roof to develop a holistic solution for our partners is what excites me.”

Gonzalez joins Walker Parking Consultants from WALTER P MOORE, where he served as director of the parking services group. He serves as treasurer of the Texas Parking and Transportation Association.

Omaha Airport Authority Selects Park Assist’s M4 Parking Guidance System Eppley Airfield in Omaha, Neb., has been outfitted with Park Assist’s M4 c­ amera-based parking guidance system (PGS) as part of an improvement plan approved by the Omaha Airport Authority. Eppley Airfield is the second airport in the U.S. with a camera-based PGS, joining Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport in Florida.

Park Assist’s M4 system was deployed in the existing parking garage to effortlessly and quickly guide drivers to available spaces. Park Assist also installed an outdoor vehicle detection system to direct drivers to open spaces in the airport’s two surface lots. In total, Omaha travelers will enjoy guidance to more than 7,000 parking spaces at the airport.

The M4 system experience begins with roadway signage with real-time parking availability displayed leading into the property so parkers can determine where to go ahead of time. Level-count digital signage at the entrance of the garage indicates the parking.org/tpp

number of available spaces per level. When entering the garage, colored sensors and additional directional signage throughout the garage guide drivers to the nearest available space. The Park Assist Find Your Car™ feature is now available on the new flyOMA smartphone app, which allows travelers to locate their vehicles upon returning to the parking garage.

Dave Roth, deputy executive director at the Omaha Airport Authority, says, “The intent of these upgrades to our parking options is to improve the customer experience and overall parking efficiency at Eppley Airfield.”

“We are honored that the Omaha Airport Authority selected our camera-based M4 smart-sensor PGS system as part of their commitment to delivering an exceptional customer experience. Our technology provides Omaha’s Eppley Airfield travelers with a stress-free, easy parking experience along with reduced traffic congestion,” says Gary Neff, Park Assist’s CEO.

2017 IPI Conference & Expo May 21-24 | New Orleans, La.

NETWORK With More Than 3,000 Peers

Limitless opportunities to engage with colleagues from around the world.

Pick from more than 30 hours of networking opportunities, including adventure activities and facility tours to help you break the ice. Expand your network, increase your influence, and grow your contact list.

Don’t miss out on 250 exhibitors in 170,000+ square feet full of cuttingedge products and solutions!

Register now and SAVE $300!

IPIConference.parking.org

COMMUNITY DIGEST

NAPIER ELECTED SHERIFF

Longtime IPI member Mark

ing sworn in would be to do a

Napier, CAPP, recently cele-

“cultural reset” of the sheriff’s

brated being elected as sheriff

department. He was endorsed

of Pima County, Ariz. Most

by several local law enforcement

recently associate director of

associations. He holds a bache-

operations for the parking and

lor’s degree from Park University

transportation services depart-

and a master’s degree from Bos-

ment of Arizona University and

ton University and has been a

an online criminal justice teach-

regular contributor to The Park-

er for Boston University, he is

ing Professional and the Parking

the retired captain of the Tucson

Matters Blog, as well as an active

Police Department.

IPI committee member.

Napier told press in Arizona that his first priority after be-

IPI offers many congratulations!

Introducing IPI’s Menu of Trainings: Customer Service, Conflict Resolution, Tactical Communication, and Parking Fundamentals.

Lock in 2016 rates for face-to-face training now!

Book by Jan.15th, pay less, and advance your team.

Go to parking.org/train-on for more information and start the conversation today!

2017 IPI Conference & Expo May 21-24 | New Orleans, La.

INSPIRED

By Exploring an Expo Full of Solutions

Scheidt & Bachmann Relocates

Parking access and revenue control systems and transportation solutions provider Scheidt & Bachmann USA, Inc., (S&B) has officially relocated its subsidiary headquarters to a larger facility in Lowell, Mass. The decision to move the headquarters from Burlington, Mass., to Lowell was driven by the company’s long-term need to accommodate growth for the parking and fare collections business divisions. The new 72,000-square-foot facility allows for a flexible, spacious, and technologically advanced work environment for Scheidt & Bachmann employees.

“It is clear to see that there is deep investment in our future within the U.S. market,” says Henk de Bruin, executive vice president of parking divisions. “With a larger facility, we have a great opportunity not only to accommodate business growth but also to strengthen our infrastructure for all departments, from sales to production.”

The decision to move was announced in January 2016. Scheidt & Bachmann USA’s new principal location is at 1001 Pawtucket Blvd., Lowell, Mass. Scheidt & Bachmann USA employs roughly 180 employees throughout the U.S., with 95 based in the headquarters.

Following the first week at the new location, the company organized a ribbon-cutting ceremony with staff and state and local officials to officiate the new location. The attendance included Lowell Mayor Edward J. Kennedy; Sen. Eileen Donoghue; Rep. Thomas A. Golden Jr.; Russell Pandres on behalf of Rep. Niki Tsongas; Councilor William Samaras; and Administrator of the Lowell Regional Transit Authority James Scanlan. Local customers of Scheidt & Bachmann, including Massport, were also present.

2017 7

Learning doesn’t end in the classroom.

Vendors bring the most exciting products, solutions, and technology to the IPI Expo, including the latest in enforcement, design and building materials, vehicles, communications, on- and off-street necessities, green parking resources, and much more!

In Memorium: Donald Nores Donald J. Nores, founder of Digital Printing Systems (DPS) passed away this past summer after a long battle with cancer.

With Don’s guidance, DPS grew steadily over the years, becoming a parking and transit industry leader providing product throughout the Americas, Europe, and the Pacific Rim. He founded the company on a foundation of offering outstanding customer service and products. DPS is still a family business: Don’s son, Jim Nores, serves as vice president of production, and son Brian Nores serves as vice president of operations.

Don was deeply involved in his community as a founding director of the Los Angeles Master Chorale and deeply involved in a number of other charitable organizations, including his alma mater, Loyola Marymount University, as well as Loyola High School, Mayfield School, and Huntington Hospital.

Don is survived by his wife, Joyce, who served as vice president and treasurer from 1971 to 2002, and children, Jim, Nancy, Brian, and many loving grandchildren.

Last chance to register!

IPIConference.parking.org

parking.org/tpp

Green is the New Gold ‌ when it comes to setting the sustainability standard.

Showcase your eco-friendly parking products, services, and technology as a Green Star Exhibitor at the 2017 IPI Conference & Expo in New Orleans, La.

IP

o

nference & Ex o p IC

Gr or ee t i n Star Exhib To earn a Green Star, companies must meet criteria that support IPI’s Framework on Sustainability and the Parksmart Certification, managed by the GBCI, the certification arm of the U.S. Green Building Council.

Each of these can qualify a company as a Green Star Exhibitor!

Complete the online application at ipiconference.parking.org/2017.

Management

Programs

i Shared Parking

i Wayfinding Systems

Technology/ Structure Design

i Transportation Management Association/Organization

i Carshare Program

i Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

i Rideshare Program

i Ventilation Systems

i Recycling Program

i Lighting Controls

i Proactive Operational Maintenance

i Low-emitting and Fuelefficient Vehicles

i Cleaning Procedures

i Alternative Fuel Vehicles

i Roofing Systems

i Building Systems Commissioning

i Bicycle Sharing/Rental

i Renewable Energy Generation

i Construction Waste Management i Reused, Repurposed, or Recycled Materials

i Energy Efficient Lighting Systems

NEW AND RENEWING IPI MEMBERS

ACADEMIC University of San Diego Emma Rojas-Liseski Stanford University Department of Parking and Transportation Brian Shaw

CONSULTANT

City of Vancouver, WA Tina Picchioni

Finfrock Design-Manufacture-Construct, Inc.

Jonathan Featherston

Gail Kroll Clayton Hill Associates David Hill

Thomas Gaffery Princeton University Kim Jackson University of Mississippi George Harris California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Marlene Cramer

CORPORATION MHR Management LLC Steven Kalisz

Lehigh University Sharon Field Texas A&M University- College Station Peter W. Lange

HOSPITAL-MEDICAL CENTER Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Solomon Ayeneababa

PUBLIC Diana Alarcon

Paul Whetzel

City of Durango

Group

Amber Blake

Stefan Tea Evens Time Incorporated

Amano McGann, Inc.

Hormann High Performance Doors

Parkopedia Christina Onesirosan Martinez The Terrapark Group Donald Palef

New Jersey Parking Institute Leonard Bier

SAP Labs, LLC Laurens Eckelboom

Phoenix Arena Development/ Phoenix

Sunsea Parking Industry Group

Sports & Entertainment Services

Jiawen Zhang

Norwood Browder

parking.org/tpp

Q-SAQ, Inc.

Peter Burnham

Donovan Durband

Judy Donahoe

Sandy Van Leen

Lawrence Feuer

Charleston County Government

City of Tallahassee

Supplier

Lauren Walton

City of Fort Lauderdale

Colonial Parking, Inc. Parking Service

Allan Copping

Scott Wadle

MDI Worldwide

COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS

Impark

City of Wichita

Cheryl Evens

City Of Tucson, Park Tucson

Leavelle Carter

Transportation

WPS USA Corp.

University of North Texas Geary Robinson

City of New Haven Department of Bijan Notghi

California State University at San Bernardino

City of San Antonio

CyberLock, Inc. Sandra Yager Poly-Tuff Systems International Robert Clanton

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

59

PARKING CONSULTANTS

DESMAN

Design Management National Parking Specialists Architects Structural Engineers Parking Consultants Planners Transportation Restoration Engineers

▪ Parking Structure Planning & Design ▪ Studies & Operations Consulting ▪ Restoration Engineering ▪ Structural Engineering

800-FYI-PARK carlwalker.com

60

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

Boston Chicago Cleveland Denver Ft Lauderdale Hartford New York Pittsburgh Washington, D.C.

Green Parking Consulting

Providing Parking Solutions for Over 40 Years

w w w. D ES M A N . co m

Let’s collaborate to achieve your parking goals

Leverage Data | Metrics Guidance | Optimize Resources Safeguard Assets | Analysis Consensus | Reduce Risk Plan Effectively | Decisions Policies | Improve Service Innovate Smartly | Alternatives Providers of objective advice for more than 30 Years

• Design

• Consulting

• Restoration

• Studies Philadelphia, PA n 215-564-6464 n www.chancemanagement.com

800.860.1570 l www.walkerparking.com

Parking

n

Transportation

n

Access Management

Creating Parking for People and Places

Brian Lozano, PMP 800.364.7300 WA LT E R P M O O R E .C O M

parking.org/tpp

Project Management Design Parking Consulting Structural Engineering Diagnostics

Traffic Engineering Transportation Planning Civil Engineering ITS Systems Integration

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

61

ADVERTISERS INDEX

Carl Walker, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 carlwalker.com | 800.FYI.PARK

Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc.. . . . . . . .9, 61 kimley-horn.com/parking | 919.653.6646

Southland Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 southlandprinting.com | 800.241.8662

CHANCE Management Advisors. . . . . . . . . . .61 chancemanagement.com | 215.564.6464

Magnetic AutoControl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 ac-magnetic.com/usa | 321.635.8585

TIBA Parking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 tibaparking.com | 770.491.7586

DESMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 desman.com | 877.337.6260

MITI Manufacturing Co., Inc... . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 mitico.com | 866.545.6484

Timothy Haahs & Associates, Inc. . . . . . . . . .60 timhaahs.com | 484.342.0200

Digital Printing Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 dpstickets.com | 877.375.5355

ParkingSoft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 parkingsoft.com | 877.884.PARK

Toledo Ticket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C4 toledoticket.com | 800.533.6620

EDC Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 aimsparking.com | 800.886.6316

Passport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 passportinc.com | 704.899.5347

Walker Parking Consultants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 walkerparking.com | 800.860.1579

IntegraPark. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C3 integrapark.com | 888.852.9993

Rich & Associates, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 richassoc.com | 248.353.5080

WALTER P MOORE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 walterpmoore.com | 800.364.7300

IPS Group Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C2 ipsgroupinc.com | 858.404.0607

Rydin Decal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 rydin.com | 800.448.1991

WPS USA, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 wpsparkingsolutions.us | 888.321.6601

PARKING BREAK

JIM BASS is landside operations manager at the Bill and Hillary Clinton National Airport, Little Rock, Ark. He can be reached at jbass@fly-lit.com or 501.537.7354.

62

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | DECEMBER 2016

Highlighted are IPI and IPI Allied State and Regional Association Events

CALENDAR OF EVENTS

2016 December 7–9

April 26–28

September 20–22

Parking Association of the Virginias Annual Fall Workshop and Tradeshow Charlottesville, Va. pavonline.org

Parking Association of Georgia Conference Buford, Ga. parkingassociationofgeorgia.com

GPALs Summit at the Eurpoean Parking Association Rotterdam, Netherlands parking.org/gpals

December 14

April 28

September 27–29

IPI Webinar Parking Enforcement for Frontline parking.org/webinars

Parking Association of the Virginias Spring Workshop Fredericksburg, Va. pavonline.org

Pennsylvania Parking Association 2017 Annual Conference & Expo Erie, Pa. paparking.org

May 21–24

September 27–29

2017 IPI Conference & Expo New Orleans, La. ipiconference.parking.org

Carolinas Parking Association Annual Conference & Tradeshow Asheville, N.C. carolinasparking.org

2017 March 13–15 Mid-South Transportation & Parking Association Annual Conference and Tradeshow Knoxville, Tenn. mstpa.org

April 3–4 New England Parking Council Spring Conference & Tradeshow Boston, Mass. newenglandparkingcouncil.org

April 3–6 Texas Parking and Transportation Association Conference and Tradeshow Fort Worth, Texas texasparking.org

parking.org/tpp

June 14–15 Southwest Parking and Transportation Association Reno, Nev. www.southwestparking.org

July 12 -14 Pacific Intermountain Parking and Transportation Association Tacoma, Wash. pipta.org

September 11–13

October 10–13 New York State Parking Association Silver Anniversary Albany, N.Y. nyspa.net

December 5–7 Florida Parking Association Conference & Tradeshow Palm Beach Gardens, Fla. flparking.org

Southwest Parking and Transportation Association Annual Fall Conference Las Vegas, Nev. southwestparking.org

DECEMBER 2016 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

63

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March 1, deadline for APO Submissions

Is your parking operation losing revenue? We can help you find it.

Find lost revenue and increase efficiency with IntegraPark’s powerful software. For a detailed explanation of its benefits, call Ruth Beaman at 888.852.9993 or visit IntegraPark.com

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DECEMBER 2016 The Parking Professional ● 21ST CENTURY PARKING ● 2016’S SUSTAINABILITY STORIES ● STORMWATER MANAGEMENT ● TDM AND PARKING ● GREEN STAR EXHIBITORS