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Water & Energy

June 2022

INSIDE: Capturing trash and floatables at their source City goes green with solar energy projects Bolingbrook, IL Permit No. 1939

PAID PRSRT STD U.S. POSTAGE

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Cities join in regional surface water project

Contents

June 2022

VOL. 13 No. 3

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19 Focus on Water & Energy Focus on Water & 28 20 Energy: Bemidji builds new

water treatment plant to treat PFAS contamination

Focus on Water & Energy: Ann Arbor strives to use 100% renewable energy by 2030

Focus on Water & Energy: When the rains come: Brownsville, Texas, works to improve drainage system

Focus on Water & Energy: Wauwatosa, Wis., goes green with solar energy projects

Focus on Water & Energy: California cities partner on surface water project

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Publilc Safety: First responders embrace autism safety initiative

Municipal Management: Columbia, Md.: Named 2021’s Best U.S. City for Jobs

Parks & Environmental Services: City-run food festival funds schools, fast-tracks restaurant recovery

Fleet Services & Maintenance: CDL carrot eases waste management staffing shortage

Waste & Recycling: Somerville’s three-way mattress recycling win

Streets, Highways & Bridges: The beat of Main Street

ON THE COVER A SNOUT® from Best Management Products is a modern example of a trap or hood. With the aid of new appurtenances based on older concepts, these simple structures are being more effectively used and maintained as a first line of defense against non-point source pollution in urbanized areas to improve stormwater quality. Learn more on page 12.

June 2022

Energy

INSIDE: Capturing trash and floatables at their source City goes green with solar energy projects

www.themunicipal.com

4 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

Cities join in regional surface water project

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Departments

Meet our Staff publisher RON BAUMGARTNER rbaumgartner@the-papers.com

editor-in-chief DEB PATTERSON dpatterson@the-papers.com

editor SARAH WRIGHT swright@the-papers.com

10 Editor’s Note: Keeping water on tap 12 From the Cover: Prioritizing trash capture and clean oceans: Stormwater hoods and traps lead the way in effectiveness

14 On the Road Again: Hastings Museum, Hastings, Neb.

16 What’s in a Name: Peru and Mexico, Ind.

publication manager CHRIS SMITH chris@themunicipal.com

senior account executive REES WOODCOCK rees@themunicipal.com

succeed: Sokhary Chau is first Cambodian American mayor

62 Conference Calendar 63 Product Spotlights 64 Company Profile: Municipalities join multidistrict litigation suit to cover costs of PFAS

graphic designer MARY LESTER mlester@the-papers.com

business manager CARRIE GORALCZYK cgoralczyk@the-papers.com

40 Personality Profile: To lead and

director of marketing STEVE MEADOWS smeadows@the-papers.com

70 News & Notes 72 Top 10: Put a smile on your face — Happiest places to live in the U.S.

Advertiser Index

mail manager KHOEUN KHOEUTH kkhoeuth@the-papers.com

WWW.THEMUNICIPAL.COM PO Box 188 • 206 S. Main St., Milford, IN 46542 866-580-1138/Fax 800–886–3796 Editorial Ext. 2307; Advertising Ext. 2505, 2408

6 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

The Municipal does not knowingly accept false or misleading advertising or editorial content, nor does The Municipal or its staff assume responsibility should such advertising or editorial content appear in any publication. The Municipal reserves the right to determine the suitability of all materials submitted for publication and to edit all submitted materials for clarity and space. The Municipal has not independently tested any services or products advertised herein and has verified no claims made by its advertisers regarding those services or products. The Municipal makes no warranties or representations and assumes no liability for any claims regarding those services or products or claims made by advertisers regarding such products or services. Readers are advised to consult with the advertiser regarding any such claims and regarding the suitability of an advertiser’s products. No reproduction of The Municipal is allowed without express written permission. Copyright © 2022.

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 7

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Editor’s Note

Keeping water on tap Sarah Wright | Editor

aving reliable energy and water is essential for any municipality. Water, in particular, has drawn national headlines in recent years, following stories of lead and other undesirable contaminants in city water or shortages during droughts. Having resiliency baked into systems and staying as proactive as possible in embracing new technologies can help prevent service breakdowns. Within this issue, we are covering some massive water projects that are proactive in different ways. California is no stranger to droughts. So far, in 2022, the state has remained under significant drought conditions, with the International Space Station capturing video toward the end of April that shows the dwindling snowpack that helps fill much of the state’s reservoirs. Through data released April 26, U.S. Drought Monitor found that more than 95% of California was classified under severe or extreme drought, which increased from about 66% recorded in February. With continual droughts, California municipalities are exploring their options to keep water on tap. Writer Denise Fedorow profiles the ongoing, ambitious Regional Surface Water Project between the cities of Turlock and Ceres, Calif. Once complete, this project will pull water from the Tuolumne River to be treated and used

as a supplement to the two cities’ groundwater supplies. As a supplement, it will add an alternate source in case of depletion or contamination. Within the midwest, the city of Bemidji, Minn., discovered perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the underground aquifer that its five wells draw from for producing drinking water. This propelled the city to act, building a new water treatment plant. Writer Kevin Kilbane details this project, which won a 2022 Honor Award from the American Council of Engineering Companies of Minnesota. On the energy side, two of our writers are profiling two cities — Ann Arbor, Mich., and Wauwatosa, Wis. — which are embarking on large green energy projects, including sizeable investments in solar energy. Ann Arbor hopes to be using 100% renewable energy by 2030, and to reach that goal, it has developed plans for solar panels to be added to 19 city

facilities. Wauwatosa has also been adding solar to different city buildings, while also investing in other green pursuits, like converting street lights to LED, constructing green alleys and prohibiting the use of singleuse plastic straws. Being proactive and diversifying systems, whether in water or energy, is beneficial, even if not a complete fix all for life’s unpredictable hiccups.

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From The Cover

Prioritizing trash capture and clean oceans:

Stormwater hoods and traps lead the way in effectiveness By T. J. MULLEN | President of BMP Inc.

To celebrate Earth Day on April 22, 2022, the Biden administration announced a $542 million investment specifically addressing pollution and plastic waste that flows into the nation’s surface waters, estuaries and oceans. This major subsidy is an important part of the Environmental Protection Agency’s package to address marine pollution, which is an administration-wide effort. Agencies that will help implement this funding include the U.S. Agency for International Development, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Science Foundation, the Department of State, the Department of Energy and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Stormwater runoff flowing into a catch basin. (Photo provided)

In the United States, catch basins, stormwater inlets and other specialized structures have a long history of use as part of municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4s) in controlling trash and other pollution commonly found in stormwater runoff. So too have the many devices used with them to aid in the removal of pollutants, such as grates, traps, hoods, and sumps. A SNOUT® from Best Management Products is a modern example of a trap or hood. With the aid of new appurtenances based on older concepts, these simple structures are being more effectively used and maintained as a first line of defense against non-point source pollution in urbanized areas to improve stormwater quality. Why is trash capture necessary? In its simplest form, a stormwater inlet’s primary function is to intercept sheet flows to prevent the accumulation of stormwater in an area where flooding could impede traffic or pedestrians, cause property damage, or otherwise present a nuisance. 12 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

The SNOUT® Stormwater Quality Control System (Photo provided)

However, these inlets to MS4s or combined sewer systems (CSSs) are often the entry point of pollutants from diffuse sources found in stormwater runoff. As a result, pollution is often discharged untreated, directly into our surface waters. What is the benefit of using hoods or traps? A primary benefit of hoods or traps is trash and floatable debris capture. A 1995 study of New York City catch basins compared the relative effectiveness for capturing trash, floatables and other gross-pollutants of structures with and without hoods. The hooded structures captured 85% of the litter that entered the combined sewer inlets compared to 30% for the catch basins without hoods (New York City Department of Environmental Protection, 1995, cited in EPA Doc. 832-F99-008 September 1999). With the benefit of hydraulic sizing and deeper insertion depth of the SNOUT hoods, studies in Myrtle Beach, SC have shown inlet trash capture exceeding 90% is possible. The use of deep sump structures, as part of the stormwater system along with simple components, can create numerous “microdetention” nodes throughout a stormwater conveyance and allows for moderate levels of pollutants to be captured in an economical SNOUT capturing trash and oil in roadway catch basin in Myrtle Beach, S.C. manner. (Photo provided) Typically, this method requires much lower ongoing maintenance needs than traditional “tray-type” catch basin inserts or baskets, and a significantly lower capi- for full trash capture and Turbo-Plates for significant reductions tal cost than most “end-of-pipe” only controls. Further, the ability of in sediment. deep sump structures to intercept gross-pollutants and finer particles, such as suspended solids (SS), has been well documented. How to learn more A study in New Jersey found an average SS capture rate of 32% over BMP Inc. offers an On-Demand Webinar to help municipalities, stormseveral storm events (Pitt and Field, 1998). The apparent flow dynam- water and design professionals learn on their own schedules how to ics, which result from a watertight, vented hood, further improve the best use its simple devices and removal function of a sump structure. structural methods to help clean up stormwater runoff. BMP proCapturing trash, floatables and sediment at the source vides quick design tips to help Field tests of the SNOUT have shown T.S.S. reductions of over 50%, and you get the most out of your struca third-party laboratory test with the SNOUT® water quality hood at tural stormwater quality designs. Alden Labs in Holden, Mass., documented a 64% reduction in sediment The On-Demand Webinar also at a flow of 225 gallons per minute (gpm). includes a PDH Certificate upon The SNOUT® Stormwater Quality Control System uses vented fiber- successful completion. Go to glass hoods and related components to improve water quality and https://bmpinc.com/webinarcontrol flow quantity. landing/, scan the QR Code to Hoods for large diameter pipes and flows up to 100 cfs are available. start learning or call (800) 504SNOUTs are also available for both flat wall and round structures. 8008 for more information or Several accessories can enhance the performance of this hood to set up a lunch and learn system, including Bio-Skirts® for oil reduction, Stainless TrashScreens presentation for your team. JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 13

On The Road Again

Exhibits include costumes of the Kool-Aid Man, the mascot conceived in 1957 after General Foods purchased the Perkins Products Company.

Hastings Museum Hastings, Neb.

(All photos provided by Hastings Museum)

By RAY BALOGH | The Municipal

“Oh, yeah!” That catchphrase for one of America’s most iconic soft drinks applies just as well today as it did when the now ubiquitous concoction was invented 95 years ago in Hastings, Neb., by child whiz entrepreneur Edwin Elijah Perkins. Perkins was born Jan. 8, 1889, in Lewis, Iowa, and moved with his family to Hendley, Neb., where his father operated a general store. Perkins served as postmaster for the town at the young age of 13. Looking for other businesses to occupy his time, he responded to magazine ads on how to manufacture prepackaged foods and how to start a print shop.

ABOVE: Exhibits include costumes of the Kool-Aid Man, the mascot conceived in 1957 after General Foods purchased the Perkins Products Company. LEFT: The museum features several vintage ads. Note the suggestions for various uses of the Kool-Ade ingredient, such as sherbet, candy, icing and pudding. 14 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

Early in his career, Edwin Perkins used this printing press to publish Hendley’s weekly newspaper, The Hendley Delphic.

Self-educated through the information he received by mail, Perkins began his own mail order company, vending products he made in his mother’s kitchen, including perfume, other products he could make with his chemistry set and Fruit Smack, a liquid fruit-flavored concentrate. One month after his 20th birthday, Perkins launched the town’s weekly newspaper, The Hendley Delphic, which he published on a printing press in the back room of the post office. A double-barreled glorious fate came into his life when he was 11 years old. His childhood friend, Kathryn Melda “Kitty” Shoemaker, introduced him to Jell-O, the powdered food product that would inspire him 27 years later to invent Kool-Aid. Further, Kitty would become his wife, best friend and business partner, and they would enjoy 43 years of happy union until he passed away on July 3, 1961. Perkins and Kitty moved to Hastings in 1920, where he pursued business selling patent medicines and household products. He sold, door-to-door and by mail order, his Onor-Maid line of more than 125 products, which included lotions, medicines, soaps, food flavorings, jelly-making products and his most popular item, Fruit Smack. Perkins sought ways to reduce shipping Fruit Smack and in 1927 hit upon the idea to replicate the process of the Jell-O powder, which Kitty had showed him earlier. He removed the liquid from Fruit Smack and sold the powder, originally dubbed Kool-Ade, in envelopes, promising “10 glasses for 10 cents.” Demand exploded and soon he was enjoying sales nationally and internationally. Before long, Perkins Products Company jettisoned its other manufacturing and focused entirely on the new drink sensation. In 1931, Perkins relocated to Chicago and three years later changed the product’s spelling to Kool-Aid. Also quite adept at marketing, Perkins hired and organized a sales force throughout the country who used “silent salesmen” — small cardboard cases displaying the product — in grocery stores and other amenable outlets.

The entrance to the Kool-Aid section of the Hastings Museum includes a recreation of the general store owned and operated by Edwin Hastings’ father in Hendley, Neb.

Demand for Kool-Aid actually increased during the Great Depression, and Perkins slashed the 10-glass package price in half to reach a wider customer base. Perkins sold his company to General Food Corporation in 1953, and he and his wife spent their retirement years traveling and bestowing philanthropic donations upon several Hastings institutions, including the local college and hospital. The original line of Kool-Aid consisted of six flavors. Bonus points if you can name them before reaching the end of this article. Throughout the years, more than 100 flavors of Kool-Aid powder and similar products have been sold by the various corporations that have assumed ownership of the Kool-Aid brand (General Foods, Kraft and Heinz). Some of the more adventurous flavors include candy apple, golden nectar, melon mango, mountainberry punch, rainbow punch, root beer, strawberry split and watermelon-cherry. In 2012, Kraft Foods and SodaStream teamed up to make flavors available for home soda making machines. Kool-Aid memorabilia still enjoys a robust market on auction websites, with rare vintage Kool-Aid packages going for several hundred dollars each. Hastings considers itself “The Birthplace of Kool-Aid,” and the city’s museum, founded in 1927, devotes a significant section of its exhibit space to the story of Kool-Aid. Interactive exhibits allow children to run a Kool-Aid stand, learn about the product’s history and pose with the Kool-Aid Man, the smiling water pitcher mascot created by Marvin Potts in 1957. The Hastings Museum is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Thursday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Friday and Saturday and 1-6 p.m. Sunday. Admission is $8 for adults aged 13 to 59, $7 for seniors 60 and older and $6 for children 3 to 12. For more information, call (401) 461-2399 or visit hastingsmuseum.org. The six original flavors were cherry, grape, lemon-lime, orange, raspberry and strawberry.

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 15

What’s In A Name

Peru and Mexico, Ind. By RAY BALOGH | The Municipal Many municipalities in the United States are named after foreign cities. Paris, Texas; Copenhagen, N.Y.; Budapest, Ga.; and Athens, Ohio, are notable examples. Fewer towns and cities are named after countries, and Indiana is replete with such names: Brazil, Holland, Ireland, Morocco, Scotland, and two Miami County towns barely 10 minutes down the road from each other: Peru and Mexico.

The sign to Mexico, Ind., including its list of welcoming churches, posted in a field along U.S. 31, reflects the devout nature of the inhabitants of the small bucolic community. (Photo provided by the community of Mexico)

A Ferris wheel lights up the night in downtown Peru during the city’s annual Circus City Festival, this year to be held July 16-23. (Photo provided by the city of Peru) PERU Peru, likely named after the South American nation but still pronounced “PEE-roo” by the city’s elder denizens, is the county seat of Miami County. In 1827, Joseph Holman purchased land near the confluence of the Mississinewa and Wabash rivers from Jean Baptiste Drouet de Richardville, chief of the Miami Indians. The sale was approved the following year by President John Quincy Adams. In 1829, William N. Hood bought 210 acres from Holman, and five years later, in 1834, he founded the city of Peru, the name which quietly nudged the area’s original moniker of Miamisport from the record books. The city was largely destroyed by a flood in 1913, the two rivers overflowing and creating a devastating volume of water that rushed through Peru streets at 20 mph. Casualties included many of the city’s 15,000 inhabitants, circus animals and some of the 100 factories in operation at the time. Damage estimates totaled close to $85 million in today’s dollars. The city bounced back and has experienced several episodes of adventure during its history:

16 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

• In 1933, John Dillinger and his gang robbed the city’s police armory and acquired several firearms and half a dozen bulletproof vests. • I n 1972, local farmer Lowell Elliott discovered a 45-pound sealed canvas mailbag in his soybean field. The bag contained more than half a million dollars ransom involved in a D. B. Cooper copycat airline hijacking. •A nother farmer, Ronald Miller, reported discovering a Spitfire submachine gun in his cornfield after he hit it with a tractor blade. Peru once served as winter headquarters for several famous circuses, including Ringling Brothers and Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, and now stages its own amateur circus every year during the third week in July. The weeklong annual celebration will take place July 16-23 this year. Attractions include the Grissom Air Museum at the former airbase, International Circus Hall of Fame, Circus City Festival Museum and Cole Porter Birthplace and Museum. Circus clown Emmett Kelly and vaudeville comedian Ole Olsen hail from Peru. MEXICO Mexico is a census-designated place with a population of fewer than 1,000 residents. Platted in 1834, its name was a probable commemorative gesture to the Mexican War of Independence (1810-1821). The community was established along an Indian trail bordering the Eel River. The trail would become the first road in Miami County and the nearby River House Inn would provide the only stopping point between Indianapolis and Michigan City, Ind. During Mexico’s first year, the county’s first sawmill opened nearby. Two years later a corn mill was added to the enterprise. The post office has been in operation since it first opened in 1837.

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Number of locations around Ann Arbor, Mich., where solar arrays will be constructed in the next couple of years to power municipal facilities.

WATER & ENERGY

focus on:

Learn about the city’s ambitious push to reach 100% renewable energy by 2030 on page 24.

$584,273 Wauwatosa, Wis., Common Council issued approval to accept the grant and enter into a contract with McKinstry for $584,273 for the installation of solar panels on the roof of the city garage, which was constructed in late 2019.

$123.3 million and $61.6 million Turlock and Ceres, Calif., will pay this much respectively for their joint Regional Surface Water Project, which will draw water from the Tuolumne River and treat it to supplement both of their water supplies.

See what other green energy projects Wauwatose is planning on page 32. Read more about this undertaking on page 34.

$202 million

What professor of Environmental and Natural Resource Economics Brent Sohngen says the 43.3 miles of Little Miami River in Central Ohio are worth as a natural asset, obliging local governments to protect and develop them for public recreation.

To see how he arrives at that figure, visit https://www.dispatch.com/story/opinion/columns/guest/2022/04/06/ how-much-money-does-recreation-little-miami-river-generate/7189318001/.

3% Just over 3% of children tested in Missouri between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2018, had blood levels of lead, about 5 micrograms per deciliter. A bill working its way through the state legislature would reduce their exposure by requiring schools to test drinking water, remove old coolers and filter water where lead is found. Source: https://news.stlpublicradio.org/health-science-environment/2022-03-29/missourihouse-bill-would-cut-down-on-poisonous-lead-in-school-drinking-water.

1,500 gallons of treated water per minute The first phase of the Bemidji, Minn., Wastewater Treatment Facility treats this much water per minute. The plant’s unique design won it the 2022 Honor Award for Engineering Excellence Read more on page 20.

1862 The year Muncie, Ind., began exploring the possibility of installing the city’s first street lighting. Coal gas lighting came first, then natural gas, then arc lighting, followed by fluorescents and, this year, LED lights.

Learn more about the city’s municipal lighting history at https://www.thestarpress.com/story/news/local/2022/03/30/ bygone-muncie-blinding-beacons-new-age/7191879001/.

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 19

M Focus on: Water & Energy

Bemidji builds new water treatment plant to treat PFAS contamination By KEVIN KILBANE | The Municipal

Several years ago, the city of Bemidji, Minn., discovered perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances had leached from the city airport into the underground aquifer the city’s five wells draw from for producing drinking water. The PFAS family includes an array of chemicals that are considered potential health risks. “We took a look at moving our well field,” said Nate Mathews, city manager for the community of 15,400 people in the north-central part of the state. “We studied all around the town where we could potentially drop some new wells. We couldn’t find another spot other than where we were.” Also, if the city abandoned the existing well field, the PFAS contamination in the aquifer would continue migrating east to Lake Bemidji about 3 miles away, Mathews said. 20 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

So about four years ago, city officials decided to deal with the problem head-on: They would maintain the existing wells and treat the water to remove PFAS. Drawing out contaminated water and treating it also prevents the PFAS plume from migrating farther in the aquifer, Mathews said. That made Bemidji among the first communities in Minnesota to develop and implement a plan to remove PFAS from drinking water,

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Mathews noted. It’s a challenge many communities face around the country. PFAS are used in a multitude of products ranging from nonstick cookware and stain-resistant clothing and carpeting to firefighting foam — as reported on the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences’ website, www.niehs.nih.gov. The chemicals, which take an extremely long time to break down, now are common contaminants in our air, soil and water. Health officials worry about the effects of longtime exposure to PFAS and their accumulation in the human body, NIEHS reported. Water from the city of Bemidji’s wells had been of such high quality it previously needed treatment only with manganese and chlorine, Mathews said. The PFAS in the groundwater came from firefighting foam used during training and real accidents at the city airport. The state of Minnesota had begun to investigate possible health risks from PFAS in firefighting foam by 2010, Mathews said. “It started to get more real for us when in 2014-2015 some of our wells started to indicate there were PFAS compounds in the water,” he said. “In the end of 2014, in November, we detected six compounds in our water.” At the time, the Minnesota Department of Health still was developing guidance on PFAS contamination and assessing risks, he said. Bemidji kept tracking the state’s work. “Guidance from the state on PFAS changed in 2017 and 2018 because the state at that point reduced what they felt would have been a safe

LEFT: This architectural rendering shows the completed potential look of the new water treatment plant in Bemidji, Minn. The city moved quickly to build and open Phase I of the plant, at back left, in May 2021 to remove PFAS chemical contamination from the well water used for producing drinking water. The city now is finalizing plans for the Phase II expansion of the plant, depicted here, which can produce enough safe drinking water daily to serve the community for the next 40 years. (Photo provided by the city of Bemidji, Minn.) limit of consumption of PFAS,” Mathews said. “So they basically installed some levels.” With the cumulative effect of exposure to multiple compounds factored into a Health Risk Index, Bemidji officials knew they needed a strategy to ensure the community had safe drinking water. “I think there was some community anxiety about where this was going, especially starting in 2018 when we saw some (PFAS) levels starting to elevate,” Mathews said. “We ended up shutting some of our wells off because they were so contaminated. What we were doing was blending our wells together. Some of our wells were very low or non-detects and some of them were really high, so we provided a blended product out there that was still below the guidelines. But we were getting to the stage where we were not able to even do that.” The city accelerated plans to build a new water treatment plant, according to Mathews and Craig Gray, Bemidji director of public works/city engineer. They worked with Barr Engineering of Minneapolis to design a treatment system that removes PFAS from the well water. The project won Barr a 2022 Honor Award from the American Council of Engineering Companies of Minnesota. “The city and Barr ran some small-scale pilot testing on two different treatment options — granulated activated carbon and ion exchange,” Gray said by email. “That process, along with Barr’s expertise in the field, showed that granulated activated carbon was the preferred option.” The carbon filtering units are like giant versions of filters people use with home water purification systems, Mathews explained. As water flows through, the carbon extracts the PFAS. Just as at home, granulated activated carbon in the Bemidji Water Treatment Plant filters must be replaced periodically. The used carbon gets incinerated, Mathews said, which destroys PFAS trapped in the material. To get a new water treatment system operating as quickly as possible, Bemidji split the treatment plant construction into two phases, Mathews and Gray said. The first phase produces 1,500 gallons of treated water per minute, which meets community needs during normal usage, Mathews said. Officials finalized the design in 2019, started construction in 2020 and began treating water in May 2021. The city faced several challenges: It needed to educate the public and state legislators about a very complex science problem, Mathews said. The coronavirus pandemic often forced city and Barr Engineering officials to meet remotely. COVID also caused delivery problems for plant construction and with workers getting sick or being out while quarantining, Gray said. At the same time, the city also worked with Barr to design the $12 million second phase of the plant. That expansion, which is scheduled for completion in fall 2023, will boost water treatment capacity to JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 21

continued from page 21

ers...

keep s d n u o r G

The interior of the new water treatment plant built by the city of Bemidji, Minn., includes filters using granulated activated carbon to remove PFAS chemicals that leached into the city’s well water source. (Photo provided by the city of Bemidji, Minn.)

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2,500 gallons per minute, Mathews said. The total should satisfy peak summer demand and community growth for the 40-year life of the treatment plant, he noted. An alternate option that may be included in the final project bid would install rooftop solar panels to generate a portion of the plant’s electricity. The city funded the first phase of water treatment plant construction with its own $4 million bond issue, Mathews said. Dividing the project into two phases allowed the city to apply for and receive $10.2 million in state bond funding to assist with the cost of Phase II, he and Gray said. City officials and residents appreciate the result. “We’re taking samples ahead of the plant and then after the water leaves the plant, and in the water leaving the plant, there is no trace of PFAS, so it’s working,” Mathews said. “I’m so impressed with the engineering community and the technology that exists there.” Residents seem pleased with how the city handled the PFAS contamination, he said. They also haven’t voiced any comments about the taste of the water. “It’s kind of like you hope it would be,” Mathews said. “People just kind of say everything is normal and good.”

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Ann Arbor strives to use 100% renewable energy by 2030 By BETH ANNE BRINK-COX | The Municipal

There are many ways to take better care of the environment, and Ann Arbor, Mich., is full steam ahead with its plans to do so.

The eye-catching logo for the A2Zero project keeps interest high and the goals ever in mind. (Photo provided by A2Zero)

24 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

Missy Stults, city sustainability manager, explained in great detail just what these plans involved, both now and for the future. “As part of the city’s larger climate and sustainability work, the city has a goal of powering the electrical grid with 100% renewable energy by 2030. This includes powering all city facilities with renewable energy. Given this, city staff began working on a request for proposal to install solar systems at city sites before the COVID-19 pandemic. The project was put on hold for a while, due to the pandemic, but we were able to re-jump it in early 2021. We did this by releasing a request for proposals to install solar energy systems on 19 city facilities that all had viable solar potential (per staff analysis) and make each site battery ready.”

Even the most modest of homes can benefit from solar panels and power. When carefully placed, they’re not really distracting from the overall look of the house. (Photo provided by A2Zero)

Row upon row of installed panels bring the city ever closer to the ultimate goal of 2030. (Photo provided by A2Zero)

Stults added, “In mid-2021, we selected our winning bidders, and began working on designs for each of the sites. We shared our designs with members of the public through presentations at the Parks Advisory Commission as well as the Energy Commission. We also included public outreach and engagement related to the American Rescue Plan Act and associated funding. In terms of the impetus, the motivator really is the fact that the city has that overarching goal of achieving a just transition to community-wide carbon neutrality by the year 2030, and we believe it is the responsibility of the local government to lead wherever and whenever possible.” As to how location were selected, Stults said, “Staff ran an analysis of the solar potential at each city facility and cross-referenced that with the ability of each sites’ roof to handle additional load. We identified a total of 19 sites for consideration, and that is what we included in our RFP. In the end, we are moving forward with a recommendation to install solar on 12 park sites, the water treatment facility, the water recovery facility, the municipal airport and city hall, as well as Steere Farm (a water pumping station) and Wheeler Service Center, which is our public works facility. These sites are all municipally owned and operated, not university sites. In terms of expansion, we do have a plan to continue deploying renewable energy, along with energy efficiency and electrification improvements at all city facilities as well as quasi-city facilities, including things like our housing sites.” Furthermore, Stults said, “We are currently working on a proposal to support the Ann Arbor Housing Commission, with deploying solar at numerous sites, and working with the fire chief to design the first net zero energy fire station in Michigan. And, of course, we work with the public to help businesses and residents adopt solar by offering the Ann Arbor Solarize Program.” Originally, part of the plan was to be floating solar elements, or floating photovoltaics. These refer to any solar array attached to a buoyant structure floating on top of a water body. It’s easy to see why this would be considered in the Great Lake state of Michigan.

However, Stults explained, “We have decided not to pursue the floating solar element of the project at this time, simply due to the costs for this kind of installation. We hope to secure some additional funding in the future, which would make this project possible.” Another popular form of alternative power — wind turbines — will not work in Ann Arbor. Stults said, “A previous analysis found that Ann Arbor does not have sufficient sustained wind to deploy the turbines; as such, those are not in play for local installation. We are interested in district level geothermal, and looking for grant possibilities to deploy some pilots of this technology in our community.” Geothermal energy refers to heat that lies beneath the Earth’s crust. It is carbon-free, and there’s enough of it to run all of civilization indefinitely, if it could be cost-effective to access it. The climate crisis seems to indicate that every new effort to access energy will be forthcoming as soon as possible. As always, with any extensive project, all costs must be considered and gathered. Stults said, “The project received $4.5 million from the city’s allotment of the American Rescue Plan Act funding, and approximately $1,000,000 in additional funding will come directly from the Ann Arbor Office of Sustainability and Innovations budget. The remainder of the project costs will be financed through a Power Provision Agreement (PPA). Because we are using a PPA, maintenance will be undertaken by the PPA provider.” Another big consideration is the reaction of the public, and Stults stated, “In general, we’ve had strong public support for this project, and for other efforts, the city has been undertaking to increase the amount of renewable energy deployed in the community.” This is not the kind of project where the public can pitch in and help; however, Stults said, “They will be invited to ribbon cuttings to help celebrate the installations. Moreover, we are looking to deploy some educational dashboards, so that residents can see, in real time, how much renewable energy we are generating locally. We hope JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 25

continued from page 25

this information gets integrated into school curriculum, community conversations and more.” Certainly, it’s safe to presume that Ann Arbor is committed to such things as recycling, moving toward electric vehicles for city use, as many governments in other cities are doing, and consciously working toward reducing carbon footprints as much as possible. A project of this size would make people more mindful in general of the ways they can be more “green.” Stults couldn’t emphasize this enough: “100%. We have an aggressive, audacious and absolutely essential goal of being carbon neutral, community-wide, by 2030. That means we have to do everything — transition our fleet to electric and support residents and businesses with this transition, creating more walking and biking infrastructure, electrifying our buildings, deploying renewables and enhancing the amount of energy efficiency work we are doing. We need to scale up recycling and composting as we work toward a truly circular economy. We must invest in neighborhood resilience, and invest in our natural systems, including planting more trees and creating more green space. We need to make our rental units green, and so much more–there is so much to do.” She offered two sites for further education to anyone who’s interested in getting involved, whether in Ann Arbor or in your town. To learn about all the activities being undertaken, go to www.a2gov.org/ sustainability. And, Stults added, “You can find our carbon neutrality plan, known as A2ZERO, at www.a2zero.org.”

26 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

The solar array at Veterans Memorial Park will be used to heat the pool while providing energy for other things, too. This program is so well underway, and the future is as bright as can be to meet that ultimate goal. (Photo provided by A2Zero)

Cities of any size can inspect the way things have always been and determine what changes they could implement to make better use of certain limited resources and move toward newer carbon-free possibilities.

M Focus on: Water & Energy

When the rains come: Brownsville, Texas, works to improve drainage system

Resacas in Brownsville, Texas, are former channels of the Rio Grande. They provide habitat for a variety of birds, reptiles and mammals. (Shutterstock.com)

28 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

Flooding has always been a problem in Brownsville, Texas, but thanks to a $25 million investment in drainage — including $13 million in federal funds — city leaders hope to mitigate issues in the future. (Public Domain/Wikimedia Commons) By JULIE YOUNG | The Municipal

Located on the western Gulf Coast of South Texas and adjacent to the Mexican border, Brownsville is one of the southernmost cities in the contiguous U.S. It is a 146-square-mile community that is situated at the intersection of several climates and boasts an idiosyncratic network of resacas — or oxbow lakes — that feed into the Rio Grande. It is also prone to a lot of flooding. However, Brownsville is working diligently to finish over $25 million in street and drainage improvement projects to mitigate flooding in the area and improve the quality of life for residents throughout the region. According to Brownsville City Manager Noel Bernal, the plan to mitigate flooding and improve drainage capabilities has been a long time coming. “It’s been a couple of years in the making,” he said. “It goes back to 2019 when the city retooled its capital, which gave them some capacity to move forward with some long-standing projects that have been on the back burner for a while. Since 2020, we have been in the planning and construction phase, and we hope to be finished by the end of 2023.” For residents, that may not be soon enough, especially for those who have dealt with neighborhood flooding time and time again. They have grown tired of short-term fixes and thousands of dollars in property loss, and they hope that this investment in drainage solutions will lead to proper resolutions for Brownsville citizens everywhere. Detailed plans The projects are being funded locally along with $13 million in federal grants and include a diverse set of improvements. Approximately $1.3 million will improve the drainage infrastructure in the

West Brownsville District, which will help relieve flooding throughout a 10-block radius. This area is at risk every time it storms, keeping residents at a standstill. The upgrades will limit the distance that stormwater has to travel in order to reach an outlet — in this case, the Rio Grande. An additional $1 million will be used to replace three culverts at both the Recasa de la Guerra and Recasa de Rancho Viejo in addition to two culverts at the North Main Drain, which is a primary drainage basin. The old manual equipment will be replaced so the city can more effectively raise and lower flood gates with new supervisory control and data acquisition equipment — a state-of-the-art remote monitoring system. Brownsville is also replacing the pump at the Impala Station, which was originally built in the 1950s and has never been upgraded. The new pump will double its capacity to transfer water out of the city. The $13 million Brownsville received from the American Rescue Plan Act will be used to create a regional drainage facility near the pump — a need originally recognized in the 1980s but heretofore unfulfilled due to funding issues. When this project is completed, JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 29

continued from page 29

The Brownsville’s department of public works team works on drainage solutions to mitigate flooding. (Photo provided by the city of Brownsville, Texas)

Workers lay new asphalt as part of the $25 million in drainage investments that the city of Brownsville is undertaking. (Photo provided by the city of Brownsville, Texas)

standing flood water will flow into the detention pond and then be pumped out by the new system. Another $1.8 million of the ARPA funds will create a 10-acre Southmost Waterplein Park, which will serve as a detention pond when heavy rains fall and double as a traditional park when it is dry. Although there still may be some flooding during times of intense rainfall, the park will provide significant alleviation to the flood prone Four Corners area. “It’s a holistic approach that sought to create synergy between different projects,” Bernal said. “There is a significant amount of work going on at any point and time.” Getting creative This holistic approach proved instrumental when competing for federal funding in order to complete the various projects. With so many worthwhile communities vying for the same pot of money, Bernal said Brownsville had to show that it was creating harmonized initiatives that were taking an innovative approach. This made leaders think deeper about what it was proposing to do and combine the best strategies to get the job done. (Thinking this way) helped us work across all departments, not just engineering or public works but also management and consultants to share the best practices and be open to innovation,” Bernal said. “That doesn’t happen organically. There must be cooperation. You have to have the willingness to share ideas and then let the best one win.” What stands out the most to him is the fact that some of the best ideas for these projects did not come strictly from the top project managers and engineers, but rather those who have been the closest to the issues for years and were ready to take on the challenge. This

30 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

Once its drainage projects are complete, Brownsville residents should notice a significant reduction in flooding. (Photo provided by the city of Brownsville, Texas)

was encouraged by a previous city manager, and Bernal is happy to continue this approach. “You have to be willing to optimize the available funds and look at doing things a little differently in order to address those infrastructure needs,” he said. “Once these projects are finished, residents will notice a significant difference.”

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Wauwatosa, Wis., goes green with solar energy projects By NICHOLETTE CARLSON | The Municipal

The city of Wauwatosa, Wis., began its first solar energy project years ago with a small solar ray atop its fire station. However, in the last three years, it has made leaps and bounds since that first project. Currently, the combined city hall and public library as well as the city garage house completed solar power projects, according to David Simpson, director of public works. Wauwatosa’s first modern-day, major solar project was the city garage. Wanting to pursue a solar energy project but unable to get the necessary funding due to prolonged payback periods, the city was eager to apply for a widely advertised state grant program that became available in 2019. Wauwatosa 32 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

received this renewable energy competitive incentive program grant for $102,230.86, allowing it to cut down the payback period and lower the city’s cost. The payback period, or how many years it will take to break even, is estimated between 14 and 16 years. However, energy rates play a

ABOVE: After seeing the success of the city garage, Wauwatosa’s common council approved another solar energy project for the combined city hall and library in 2021. Both projects have since been completed. (Photo provided by the city of Wauwatosa, Wis.) large role. If the rates are high, the city could decrease the payback period. If the energy rates become lower, it will take longer to break even on the solar projects. At the July 2, 2019, meeting, the common council issued approval to accept the grant and enter into a contract with McKinstry for $584,273 for installation of solar panels on the roof of the city garage, which was constructed in late 2019.

A primary deciding factor in choosing the city buildings was both the size and age of the roof. For a solar project, the roof must be in good shape and have been replaced fairly recently “with a lot of life left in it,” Simpson stressed. The amount of energy the building uses was also considered. When it came to choosing what type of solar system to put in on the building, the city issued a request for proposals and received between five and seven proposals for each project. When comparing the proposals, the city took into consideration the estimated size that was desired, the design, the materials that would be used, how many similar systems the company had installed and the warranties that were offered. City staff members then weighed the pros and cons of each proposal and took it to the common council with their recommendation. The common council then ultimately approved which proposal to proceed with, ensuring proper checks and balances so that the best system was chosen for the city. So far, the city has seen promising results from their solar systems. They are producing just as much energy — or more — as officials initially estimated, and the city has reduced its energy bill by as much as was proposed.

The solar projects are cut off of a 300-kilowatt system size that allows net metering. Compared to 2020, the city reduced purchased electricity by 726,753 kWh. As for greenhouse gas emissions, the city saw a reduction of 466 tons CO2e compared to 2020. In order to eliminate some burdens and costs that come with investing in solar energy, the city teamed up with the Midwest Renewable Energy Association to become a SolSmart designee. To secure this designation, the city reviewed zoning codes, created a webpage that clarified the city’s solar permitting process and city staff underwent training. In 2021, Wauwatosa became a gold designee, one of only nine cities in Wisconsin to hold that honor. “After seeing the city garage, we got the buy-in from the council to get the city hall and library budgeted and completed in 2021,” Simpson explained. For this project, the city received a focus on energy grant for approximately $40,000, with the city cost estimated around $560,000. In fact, Wauwatosa already has the next project in mind — the police department. Since the police station has a smaller roof, Simpson believes it will probably be a ground-mounted solar system on pedestals.

In 2019, the city of Wauwatosa, Wis., was awarded a renewable energy competitive incentive program grant to help lower the cost and payback period of constructing solar energy panels on the city garage. (Photo provided by the city of Wauwatosa, Wis.)

Further down the line, the city hopes to include the water pumping station among its solar projects since there is a great deal of underutilized ground space. In the longterm, the city would also like to consider a solar project on the park facility, which would ultimately complete all the city buildings. Besides Wauwatosa’s focus on solar panels, the city is also putting a focus on green energy projects by converting around 6,300 street lights to LED light fixtures, constructing green alleys and prohibiting the use of single-use plastic straws. “I’d say that the community has received the projects well overall and we look forward to expanding on our sustainability projects in the future,” Simpson noted. “And we’ve had significant support from the common council and look forward to expanding the projects even more.” JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 33

M Focus on: Water & Energy

California cities partner on surface water project By DENISE FEDOROW | The Municipal

It’s been more than 30 years since the cities of Turlock and Ceres in California decided to partner on a surface water project, but by this time next year, if all continues to go smoothly, the Regional Surface Water Project will be up and operational.

Turlock and Ceres, Calif., will draw surface water from the Tuolumne River to supplement their groundwater sources. The Tuolumne headwaters in Yosemite National Park, shown. (Deatonphotos/Shutterstock.com)

34 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

he project pulls water from the Tuolumne River and treats it to supplement the two cities’ water supplies. Dan Madden, interim municipal services director for the city of Turlock, has been with the project since its inception. Madden retired from the city in 2013 after working full time for 28 years. He stayed on in a part-time capacity until 2017 when he fully retired, but he was brought back last August to serve as interim director. Madden explained while it was talked about since the late 1990s and the early 2000s, “it was revitalized on a more serious level.” By 2010, the development of a Joint Power Authority between the cities of Turlock, Ceres and Modesto, Calif., began. Madden said the JPA was officially adopted in 2011, and in 2015, Modesto dropped out. He explained Modesto has a population of over 200,000, and it has its own surface water treatment project that it is going to expand so it didn’t have as much of a need to be a part of this project. Turlock’s population is closer to 80,000, and Ceres’ population is around 30,000. “Turlock and Ceres are closer geographically, so it makes sense for them to partner,” Madden said. Asked if Modesto’s pulling out created more of a financial burden for the remaining two municipalities, Madden admitted it had. “It certainly added a greater burden to the remaining,” he said. “Turlock pays 66% and Ceres pays 33%.” In dollars, that amounts to $123.3 million for Turlock and $61.6 million for Ceres, according to an article in the Ceres Courier dated March 9. He said a project this big required a lot of permitting and regulatory requirements, and that work started in 2016 “after the JPA was formed and the dust settled.” The cities finally began construction in 2021. According to the Stanislaus Regional Water Authority’s website, the project schedule entailed the environmental process from 2016 to 2019, the project design phase from 2018 to 2021 and the current construction phase from 2021 to 2023.

Groundwater issues Madden explained, “A lot of the cities in California’s Central Valley rely on groundwater for potable drinking water.” With increasing standards for drinking water in the state of California and on the federal level and the number of straws in the aquifer, the groundwater basin was depleting. Madden said it wasn’t vital for Turlock, where the water supply is still relatively stable, but there was some degree of depletion. The bigger problem was groundwater contamination. Some contamination is naturally occurring like arsenic and some are man-made like 123 TCP (Trichloropropane) and 123 TCE (Trichloroethylene). In fact, a water quality report for April 2022 on the city’s website shows the water tested exceeded the maximum levels of 123 TCP due to a change in the maximum contaminant levels. The report states this occurred in two to three wells. Consuming water contaminated with excessive levels of 123 TCP over many years can cause cancer. The report stated there was no need to use bottled water at this time, and the city hoped to have it corrected by June. Because of the depletion and contamination, the city thought it “best to get an alternate water supply,” Madden said. Surface water also has some levels of contaminants, but it is easily treated and can be treated all at one location — compared to

Aerial photo of the Regional Surface Water Project, a partnership between the cities of Turlock and Ceres and the Turlock Irrigation District, which owns the rights to the Tuolumne River — the source of the surface water. (Photo provided)

groundwater, where they have 19 wells online. Wellhead treatment adds time and money and decreases the water capacity. Madden said the Turlock Irrigation District has the water rights to the Tuolumne River. The district provides irrigation to farmers and, along with Modesto Irrigation District, operates a large reservoir there. The surface water for Turlock and Ceres will come from the Tuolumne, and they have an agreement with the Turlock Irrigation District to allocate a certain volume to the surface water project. The Tuolumne River flows for 149 miles through Central California from the high Sierra Nevada to join the San Joaquin River in the Central Valley. According to Karen Morgan, superintendent of public works for the city of Ceres, the Tuolumne headwaters in Yosemite. The Tuolumne Irrigation District was the first irrigation district formed in California and has been a community-owned, not-forprofit irrigation water and electric utility since 1887. Madden said the Regional Surface Water Project gives them more capacity and is easier to treat. They’ll also still use groundwater. “But we won’t be solely dependent on groundwater.” The surface water treatment plant could serve all Turlock’s needs, but he stated they’ll simply be augmenting groundwater at this point. “Whether that will be 50/50 at some point in the future, I’m not sure,” he said, adding, “Most of the treated surface water entering the system will be used on the east side of town.” The one treatment facility will serve both cities. Some reports state initial capacity will give Turlock 30 million to 35 million gallons a day and Ceres 15 million gallons a day, eventually expanding to 45 million gallons a day to both cities. Morgan said, “As soon as we’re done with this project, we’ll start on the expansion.” Morgan anticipates in the future two other towns in the surface water project’s pathway — Hughson and Waterford — may decide to join the partnership. JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 35

continued from page 35

Funding To pay for the project in Turlock, Madden said, once the JPA was formed, the city instituted a five-year water rate increase, starting in 2017. With that guaranteed source of revenue, the city got a state revolving loan at the low interest rate of 1.2% on $230 million over a 30-year pay period. The rate increase included construction and operations and maintenance going forward. Madden said by utilizing SRF funds, Turlock reduced interest across the board, resulting in savings of $100 million over the timeframe. He said the city received $35 million in grant funds. “And we continue to lobby to obtain grants and other funding sources to bring the cost of the project down.” The $230 million is the cost for the surface water project treatment facility and pipelines, plus the city of Turlock has an additional $34 million of improvements within the city. These improvements include the surface water tank, distribution system and chlorination system. Morgan said Ceres also had a rate increase “over five years the last one in January of this year.” According to an article in Ceres Courier dated March 9, the water rate went from $40.13 for an average single-family household to $88.25 in January 2022. Morgan said city officials have also “very aggressively” sought out grants for the project. When asked how residents felt about the rate increase, she responded, “I haven’t heard anything negative about it. This project is going to solve some of the problems they’ve been having so I think they’re happy about it.” The additional cost for Ceres is estimated roughly to be $15 million to $20 million, which includes a $3 million gallon storage tank, new 18-inch transmission mains, new dead-end flushing valves called blow offs and other studies, including a corrosion study, hydraulic modeling and a surface water integration study. Project’s progress Both Madden and Morgan said the project has been going very well. Madden noted, “For a project this large, I’m extremely impressed with how well it’s moving along. There have been very few change orders in this construction project.” Madden credited the design-build contracting method for that. “A design-build project cost a little more in the short term, but in the long term, the savings is a greater advantage than the cost increase.” Avoidance of change orders is an example of those savings. He said engineers may have one idea for specific materials, and a contractor might suggest something less costly that would work just as well. “In fact, some of the change orders we are seeing are cost deductions,” he said. According to the Stanislaus Regional Water Authority’s website, an earlier part of the project — the wet well element of the raw water pump station — was constructed using a traditional design-bidbuild contracting method. Morgan agreed. “Everything has gone really well and under budget so far.”

36 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

The wet well construction takes place for the surface water project between Turlock and Ceres, Calif. This project will draw water from the Tuolumne River, pictured. (Photo provided by West Yost Associates)

A portion of the pipeline that will convey the water from the Surface Water Treatment facility to the city of Turlock, Calif. (Photo provided)

Morgan gave all the same reasons for Ceres’ involvement with the project as Turlock — groundwater becoming lower, contaminants and a way to diversify resources. She said she was just a girl when the whole thing started. Madden offered these words of wisdom to cities and towns considering similar projects or partnerships. “Make sure you have complete buy-in and make a decision and stick with it. Waffling just delays the project, and it takes longer and costs more,” he said, noting political leadership might change, but decisions made by predecessors because of money paid to consultants should be considered. “Make a commitment and stick with it.” He said there were so many “what-ifs” being worried over in the late 1990s. “If we’d done what was recommended in 2006, we’d already been done.” Morgan advises listening to people like Madden. “Pay attention to the elders of the group,” she said. “Some of these people who have decades of experience are retiring, taking all that knowledge with them — it’s a gray wave. Take advantage of their knowledge before they’re gone.” Other than that, she advises when undertaking such a large project, “Get started early. These things take a long time — especially in California because of all the regulations,” she said. “This is one of the biggest things I’ve ever been or hope to be involved with.” Madden said, “I’m very pleased with the progress of this project, and for my own experience, it’s great to finally see it come to fruition.”

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To lead and succeed: Sokhary Chau is first Cambodian American mayor By JULIE YOUNG | The Municipal

As a nine-year-old boy living in a refugee camp, Sokhary Chau did not aspire to be the first Cambodian American mayor elected in the United States. He was merely looking for a place to call home. Over 25 years later he leads the city of Lowell, Mass., and is living proof that the American Dream is alive and well. “It is a great honor to be the mayor of Lowell,” he said. “Not only do I represent the Southeast Asian community, which has a strong presence here, but I also represent a diverse group of residents that come from all regions and walks of life.”

ABOVE: The fifth most populous city in Massachusetts, Lowell holds a diverse population. (Shutterstock.com) LEFT: Sokhary Chau became the first Cambodian American mayor elected in the United States. He serves as Lowell, Mass.’s, mayor and has a deep commitment to the city’s business owners and entrepreneurs. (Photo provided by the city of Lowell, Mass.)

40 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

diversification of the city workforce to reflect the city demographics, more transparency in city meetings and contracts and tax relief for senior residents. He was reelected in November 2021 and was unanimously chosen to assume the top position by his fellow council members in January. “It’s humbling to think that you can come to a new country, make it your home and ultimately assume a role that allows you to lead and give back to a city like Lowell,” he said. A change will do you good As mayor, Chau said he is doing many of the same things that he was doing as a city council member such as working with colleagues and community leadership to promote diversity, inclusion and equity throughout departments. He said minority groups make up more than 50% of Lowell’s 15,000 population, so it is important that the staff at city hall reflect the community Sokhary Chau, center, is sworn in as Lowell’s mayor. (Photo provided by the city of that it serves. Lowell, Mass.) “The first Cambodian police officer (in Lowell) was hired over 30 years ago, and An American tale now 5% percent of our police force is SouthIn 1975, Chau’s father, a captain in the Cambodian army, was exe- east Asian; however, none of them have ever been promoted to cuted by the Khmer Rouge during the country’s civil war. After her sergeant or captain,” he said. “It is important for me to try and rechusband’s death, Chau’s mother fled the family home and kept her tify that while also keeping the city clean, improving infrastructure seven children alive by navigating landmines, jungles, hunger and and providing services to our residents. I feel like I have a lot of homelessness to bring them to the safety of the U.S. influence in my community, and I know that the decisions I make “When we first came here, we lived in a suburb of Pittsburgh have an impact on everyone, so I want to do a good job.” Change doesn’t come overnight, but Chau hopes he can work with some Catholic sisters who ran a local parochial school,” he said. “In the early 1980s, we moved to Iowa for a few years and with others to see how change can be positive and lead to a more then relocated to Lowell, which has the second largest Cambodian enriched community with a high quality of life. population in the U.S.” Chau’s older siblings found work in the city’s factories while Leaving a legacy he attended class at the Bartlett School — eventually earning a Between his job and mayoral duties, which includes attending scholarship to Phillips Academy in Andover. He studied econom- events and meeting with constituents, Chau says he works seven ics and political science at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minn., days a week and rarely gets home before 9 p.m. or 10 p.m. Luckily before returning to Lowell and opening his own business and later his wife, Smong Rattanayong, understands his role and gamely becoming a public servant. serves as both mom and dad at times for the couple’s two teenIn 2019, Chau won a seat on the Lowell City Council. He became aged sons. known for his constituent services and outreach within city “Sometimes it is as though they are being raised by a single neighborhoods. He served as the chair of the Public Safety Sub- parent, but I am blessed that she understands the responsibility committee, a member of the Economic/Downtown Development, that comes along with being the mayor,” he said. Education Partnership and several nonprofit organizations and Despite all of the challenges, Chau is determined to lead the city zoning subcommittees. of Lowell to the best of his ability so that other minorities will be As a small business owner, Chau had a deep commitment to the inspired to serve in the future. Lowell business community and entrepreneurs. During his first “I may be the first Cambodian American to be the mayor of term on the council, he motioned for the city to subsidize small Lowell, but I don’t want to be the last. I want to do a good job and businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic. encourage the next generation to step up. If I fail, then they might Other motions of his first term include the environmental think the job is too hard and I don’t want to scare them off. I want cleanup of the city’s waterways, protection from violence in them to lead and succeed,” he said. area neighborhoods, social justice in all municipal services, the JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 41

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Public Safety

First responders embrace autism safety initiative By GLENDA THOMPSON | The Municipal

Imagine being trapped inside a bottle of thick, wavy glass. Everything you see and hear is distorted. Sights, sounds and sensations are magnified. No one outside the bottle understands you. This is how I describe autism. Now imagine being trapped inside that bottle while sirens scream, red and blue lights flash, and people twice your size rush toward you, waving their arms, dragging snakes, and yelling. Some have weapons. Others look like monsters with no faces. Children react to the emotions around them. Autism spectrum disorder makes it difficult for children to interpret emotions, which can lead to inappropriate responses, including a kicking, screaming meltdown at the worst possible time. Many first responders — firefighters, paramedics and police officers — have little to no training in how to recognize or deal with people on the spectrum. Nor do they have tools available to help. Jeff Rankin of the Jourdanton Volunteer Fire Department in Texas said the only training he received was a module on special 44 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

ABOVE: Tuscaloosa, Ala., received 36 Carter Kits after a young Alabaman man, Sam, did a sensory bag drive for his 30th birthday. With Sam’s fundraising and a donation of kits from the Autism Society of Alabama, the drive was a success. (Photo provided by Autism Association of Alabama)

needs during his EMT certification class. As a firefighter, he received no training on special needs at all. “I don’t know of any local training geared toward the treatment of special needs in traumatic situations. We don’t have any tools, but I do try to talk and explain everything to them if the situation allows, as I have found it usually helps deescalate the situation, making it more manageable for them. We have a few families currently within our department with special needs children, and we incorporate them into activities at the station, and they know we are all family.” Justin Severs, a Saginaw, Mich., police detective, learned his son, Carter, was on the spectrum. In true “guns versus hoses” fashion, he texted Brandon Hausbeck, a firefighter, and another friend,

The Autism Association of Alabama aims to provide every county in Alabama with at least two Carter Kits. (Photo provided by Autism Association of Alabama)

Andrew Keller, an area realtor, the message: “Why don’t you take time off from the Xbox and create a tool to help?” So they did, and Carter Kits was born. Dr. Ellen Preen, a clinical neuropsychologist and ASD mom, worked with the men to develop a kit filled with tools to help first responders communicate with ASD children. Ryan Dennett, education supervisor of Livingstone EMS in Michigan, raves about Carter Kits. “I’ve heard nothing but amazing feedback from our providers. We used a state grant last year to purchase the kits and put them on our ambulances. The training consisted first of exposure. I set some kits up for the responders to see and play with. I would pop in and catch crews to review what they were and when to use them. Following this, I scheduled a virtual training session with the state of Michigan and one owner of Carter Kits. This allowed our employees to ask questions and learn more about ASD. Following the virtual training, I was able to get Brandon from Carter Kits to come do a video with one of our paramedics, Jack. The video was a way for us to get new employees an understanding of Carter Kits and how to use the tool on the ambulance.” Dennett said that a week after they put the kits on their ambulances, he received a phone call from one of his paramedics. She

In Texas, Jourdanton Volunteer Fire Department has a few families currently within its department with special needs children. The department strives to incorporate them into activities at the station, cementing them as part of the family. (Photo provided by Jeff Rankin/Jourdanton VFD)

shared the details of a tough call she had with a teenage patient. She pulled out the weighted blanket from the kit, hoping it would at least help the patient relax. Within a couple of minutes, the patient had calmed down, patient vitals had improved and the patient was openly communicating with the paramedic. The Autism Society of Alabama is taking things a step further. Its goal is to provide every county in Alabama with at least two Carter Kits. The society’s program allows first responders to obtain the sensory bags at no cost to the department through an Autism Society of Alabama grant. It also promotes the bags through its website, social media and newsletters. The program, in its second year, is overseen by Chenique Jeffress, the community outreach coordinator. JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 45

continued from page 45

“As a nonprofit, providing these bags is part of our safety initiative,” shared Mary Bynum, director of special initiatives of the Autism Society of Alabama. “Public safety agencies should check in their respective states to see what types of grants or funding may be available to provide these sensory bags, or they may want to get local businesses to sponsor the bags. These bags are so important in emergency situations. It’s a small effort, which has the potential to have positive results. Families appreciate any effort in providing a safer environment for their loved ones affected by autism.” She continued by saying, “This program means a lot to me personally. I have a young child on the autism spectrum, and a couple of years ago, we were in a car accident. When the first responders got to the car to check on us, she was so hysterical from the sensory overload (sirens, multiple people, etc.) that the first responders weren’t able to tell if she was hurt. If they had a sensory kit with them, they would have been able to help get her comfortable and then perform their check.” Sam, a young man in Alabama on the spectrum, did a sensory bag drive for his 30th birthday. The Autism Society of Alabama helped spread the word and worked with the company to get the kits. His goal was to fundraise enough to order 30 kits for the city of Tuscaloosa. With his fundraising and a donation of kits from the Autism Society of Alabama, he presented the city of Tuscaloosa with 36 kits. It was a great experience for the whole city and really brought attention to this need for first responders.

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Municipal Management

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Named 2021’s Best U.S. City for Jobs By STACI REAFSNYDER | The Municipal

(Photo provided by the Columbia Association) 48 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has put a strain on the American job market. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Department of Labor, March 2022 reported 6.3 million total unemployed persons — a 3.8% unemployment rate. But, one city stands above the rest for top employment opportunities. Columbia, Md., was named the “Best U.S. City for Jobs” in 2021 by WalletHub, a personal finance outlet. WalletHub measured 182 cities in the job market and socioeconomics. Among those, 150 of the most populated cities in the United States were included in this comparison. According to the city’s website, columbiaassociation.org, Columbia has more than 2,500 large and small companies, more than 50 nonprofit organizations and the U.S. Department of Defense provides several jobs to those who want to both live and work in the city. The Columbia Association, itself, is a nonprofit community services corporation that manages Columbia. The city is now home to approximately 100,000 people. The CA also maintains over 3,600 acres of open space for Columbia, which makes a great asset to the city and is ideal for living. According to the CA website, Columbia was founded in 1967 by James Rouse and his Howard Research and Development Company. “Rouse wanted to build a complete city that would respect the land, provide for the growth of people and, ultimately, make a profit,” the CA website states. Columbia Association President and CEO Lakey Boyd described her community as resilient, resourceful and compassionate during the pandemic. “We saw individuals step up for their neighbors in incredible ways, providing them with the support they needed to get through the pandemic,” Boyd said. The Columbia Association offers several spaces for recreation, which, according to Boyd, helped the city to thrive during the pandemic. CA is committed to being an agent of the community, constantly improving the quality of life in Columbia.

Columbia, Md., residents can enjoy nature along the walking trails around Lake Elkhorn. (Photo provided by the Columbia Association)

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 49

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Sports enthusiasts can enjoy the Long Reach Tennis Club in Columbia. (Photo provided by the Columbia Association)

“Employers routinely seek out locations that provide added value to their workforce, and our work ensures that Columbia remains one of those attractive places,” Boyd said. CA continues to see an evolution in the way people work. More workers make decisions based on where they want to live prior to seeking employment, starting a business or bringing their remote job with them. The core of the community and CA’s mission is the idea of a physical space that encourages activities and individual enrichment, making it a worthwhile city to live in. “Columbia is well-positioned to be a desirable place to live, which, in turn, makes it a desirable place to work, start a business or plug in remotely to a global employer,” Boyd said. Boyd pointed out that creating a place for people to both live and work while encouraging social activities and individual enrichment is the reason why Columbia has thrived. CA offers an array of opportunities and activities for its residents: classes at the art center, free concerts at the Downtown Columbia Lakefront, walking trails around Lake Elkhorn and more. In Columbia, there is also Howard County Hospital, part of the Johns Hopkins Medical System. Howard Community College contributes to the city’s award-winning education and library systems for residents. This presents an ideal environment, and residents can take full advantage of all the city offers. Columbia is also uniquely located between Baltimore and Washington, D.C., making it a central hub for many who work in those areas as well, and want to enjoy the benefits the city has to offer. “Columbia was very much built on purpose, for a purpose. CA has a unique role in enhancing the quality of life for our residents. By virtue of that focus, those benefits also apply to people who work locally and are able to enjoy everything that makes Columbia such a desirable place,” Boyd said. This approach has garnered recognition beyond WalletHub, earning Columbia many awards over the years. The city has been named one of AARP’s most livable communities, with the mid-sized community category; it ranked No. 8 in 2018. Additionally, it served as one of Money Magazine’s “Best Places to Live” in 2019, ranking No. 20.

50 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

A woman enjoys the scenic setting of Wilde Lake. It is just one sight enjoyed by those who call Columbia, Md., home. (Photo provided by the Columbia Association)

Children enjoy painting clay creations at the Columbia Art Center. (Photo provided by the Columbia Association)

Boyd noted, “Columbia offers a wide range of opportunities to enrich your life and connect with others in meaningful ways. CA is proud to provide so many opportunities to people who both live and work here.”

Parks & Environmental Services

A 3D sign announces Taste of the Pines, held at the Charles F. Dodge City Center for the first time this year. (Photo provided by Pembroke Pines, Fla.)

City-run food festival funds schools, fast-tracks restaurant recovery By Lauren Caggiano | The Municipal

A lot of work goes into planning a successful fundraising event, and that’s certainly true in the case of the Taste of Pines, held on Feb. 17. This annual event, put on by the city of Pembroke Pines, Fla., features a showcase of food from local restaurants and benefits the Pembroke Pines Charter School Foundation. In response to an influx of residents and a need to rebuild schools following Hurricane Andrew in 1992, the city decided to form the Pembroke Pines Charter School System. Today it is the largest charter school system in Broward County and the largest municipally run nonprofit charter system in the state of Florida. It was established in January 2004 as a 501(c)(3) to assist teachers and students through the creation of a $1 million endowment, the money from which provides scholarships for high school graduates and for advanced degrees for teachers, and Employee of the Year bonuses for instructional and noninstructional employees in the Pembroke Pines Charter School System. According to Jonathan Nasser, the city’s division director of recreation, the event format of Taste of the Pines is a way for residents to sample fare from the city’s restaurant community in a fun and relaxed setting; and as the city runs the charter school, it only makes sense for the school to be the beneficiary. Twelve years into the event, Nasser said they’ve amassed a following. However, the details have evolved over the years. The pandemic 52 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

also had some effect on the plans; for example, prior to 2021, the event took place indoors. “One of the major differences this year is we held it outside at our city center plaza,” he said. “That was well received. People really seem to enjoy it outside, and there was a nice ambiance.” Nasser said there’s a good chance the city will have it outdoors again in 2023 and estimated that 900 people came to enjoy the 2022 event. It has also been a good experience for the vendors. “We typically average anywhere between 40 to 60 vendors every year,” he said. “This was our first year back (after taking a break in 2021). Our goal was to have as many vendors as before, and we had had 47 sign up.” Another key ingredient in the success of Taste of the Pines is friendly competition, according to Nasser. Attendees have the chance to vote for their favorite vendors by category. Category winners leave with a plaque and, of course, bragging rights. When there’s good food, there’s bound to be happy people, too. Taste of the Pines is about having a good time, and the experience

ABOVE: Ceviche Bar staff are ready to introduce their Peruvian flavors to attendees of Taste of the Pines, which benefits the Pembroke Pines, Fla., charter school system. (Photo provided by Pembroke Pines, Fla.)

transcends demographic lines. For example, Nasser said that festivalgoers range in age from toddlers to senior citizens. It’s common to see familiar faces, and that’s a testament to the ability of the robust event schedule to draw people in. “Twelve years means it’s an established event,” he said. “It’s one of my favorites personally, to do here with the city. We do close to 40 events throughout the year, from small to city-wide events. (Taste of the Pines) is particularly well-liked: If I had to guesstimate the amount of return participants, it’s probably in the 40-50% range.” Profits from Taste of the Pines translate to between $15,000 and $20,000 annually. This year it raised just under $17,000, which Nasser said was in line with their expectations after taking a year off because of pandemic restrictions. Whether it’s Taste of the Pines or another event, Nasser said having a variety of types and sizes of events can lead to more resident engagement. Year-round the Pembroke Pines Parks, Recreation and Cultural Arts Department hosts a wide range of special events to cater to the young and old alike. At press time, for example, preparations were under way for Pines Day, a celebration of the city’s birthday on April 23.

A vendor pours a drink sample at the 2022 Taste of the Pines event in Pembroke Pines, Fla. (Photo provided by Pembroke Pines, Fla.)

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 53

Fleet Services & Maintenance

CDL carrot eases waste management staffing shortage By BETH ANNE BRINK-COX | The Municipal

If two years of a pandemic have taught us anything, it’s that when what has always been done no longer works – for whatever reason — then it’s time to brainstorm and come up with new alternatives and options. You try them, one by one, until you’ve got a workable solution. The Virginia Beach, Va., Public Works Waste Management went through this process when it became clear the city needed more qualified waste management operators. Former drivers had moved away, taken other employment or retired, and delays in service had resulted. “We, like so many others, had gone the traditional route by posting job vacancies, screening potential applicants and performing interviews,” said Kristi Rines, recycling coordinator. “What we discovered was that this works in some cases, but not all. It is difficult to gauge someone’s work ethic and ability on paper. Those who interview well may not be the best drivers, and those who interview horribly are sometimes the best crew members. We also noticed that the qualified pool of candidates from the private sector was waning, so we began to look internally. If the employee exhibited a strong work ethic and a desire to earn their commercial driver’s license, the offer was extended for that individual to join the apprenticeship class.”

54 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

ABOVE: In the early morning hours, this fleet of trucks and others like them are inspected before the work of the day in Virginia Beach, Va. No detail is too small when it comes to public safety and good works in the city’s new waste management recruitment program. (Photo by Kristi Rines)

That class was the first of its kind, lasting two months and encompassing not just driving skills; Tidewater Community College provided the apprentices with soft skills training that included conflict resolution, work ethic and character building. Rines added, “The beginning stages of the program saw two Waste Management employees — David Tennent and Hunter Beagle — providing the hands-on training to apprentices needed to first obtain both general knowledge and air brake CDL permits. From there, behind-the-wheel and additional knowledge training were conducted to ensure proficiency and prepare for the actual CDL test. As the requirements for the CDL licensing have changed, the program evolved and expanded.” The program is now run through the city of Virginia Beach’s Department of Occupational Safety and Health Standards. This expansion allows for employees in other departments to obtain their CDL through the city’s certification program. Michael Rexroad serves as occupational safety engineer for Virginia Beach. He explained: “The Federal Motor Carrier Safety

A well-educated, newly licensed Virginia Beach Public Works Administration mandates entry-level driver training. To meet the FMCSA’s requirements, the city purchased an approved curric- Waste Management employee smiles as his day begins, knowing he’s up for the tasks he’s about to begin. (Photo by Kristi Rines) ulum and registered it and our training sites with both FMCSA and the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles. With instructors already qualified in accordance with the new regulations, we only had to expand our volunteer staffing. We received a fair amount keep growing and building, benefiting every newly educated and of help from the Virginia Beach Schools Transportation Training licensed graduate. Rines added, “Because the course is relatively new, we have yet Supervisor Chris Sprouse and his staff, too. Their department already had a training program in place that met most of the to have a need to pull drivers into the role of instructors. What we FMCSA requirements. All in all, it’s taken a little over a year to get have noticed is that our original apprenticeship graduates, taught ready to teach our first class under the new requirements. At pres- by Tennant and Beagle, are excellent drivers and great mentors to their coworkers. They understand the components of their trucks ent, we are in the process of finishing our first ELDT class.” For the foreseeable future, it’s anticipated that the classes will better than most.” To keep the public works budget needs to be as balanced and take place quarterly. “The program is a work in progress, and we expect modifications to be made as we work to develop a stronger practical as possible, costs had to be considered. But Rexford said, “There is no single line item that covers the overall budget for this course for our students,” Rexroad said. As with any specialized training, employees have the security program. Those involved in teaching the course merely expanded on the job functions of their current role within the city.” of knowing they have better job skills and a more assured career. “There will always be a need for qualified CDL drivers at Public And when it comes to the growth of the program, Rines noted, “As Works Waste Management as well as in other departments through- news of the CDL apprenticeship program circulated in the media, out the city,” Rines said. “A city of our size, with 7,000 employees, Public Works Waste Management received inquiries from citizens will continually experience turnover due to retirements. With looking to obtain their CDL and work for the city. Naturally, the 450,000 citizens to service, our operation can only benefit by the interest in the program sparked other large cities to ask how our investment of training in our employees.” And the investment will program worked, as they, too, were dealing with driver shortages.” JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 55

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Prospective students must be city employees in a position where they are required to obtain a CDL to perform their duties. “Future courses will require that the employee already have their commercial learner’s permit,” Rexroad said. To other cities considering a similar program, he said there are a lot of moving parts. “You will need the support of your departments that rely on CDLqualified employees. There is a significant amount of manpower and time to coordinate classes, administration, training, mentorship and range and road training. There are a lot of interfaces with the DMV. I have been really impressed with all the help, training and patience by all the staff in getting this program up and running.” And everything goes more smoothly when multiple departments cooperate and work together toward a common goal — and the common good. Completion of this course and the certifying and licensing that follows also does a great deal for the self-esteem of the students. Having already proven themselves to be hard workers, they grow in self confidence and pride as the weeks go by and new skills were learned and practiced. It’s exactly the way most people hope a chosen career will go, and it has been a matter of pride to put an end to delays in service and keep the city’s residents happy with the handling of their pickup service.

There’s much more to waste trucks than the outer shell, which is all most people ever see. But waste management trainees learn to check everything, be sure that all is clean and sealed and prepared in every way to serve the public needs as efficiently as possible. (Photo by Kristi Rines)

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Waste & Recycling

Somerville’s three-way mattress recycling win By DANI MESSICK | The Municipal

A city in Massachusetts with a history of pioneering recycling efforts has again developed a program to ease the effects of sustainability policies on its residents. Massachusetts’ mattress waste ban will go into effect Nov. 1. The ban is part of the state’s 2030 Solid Waste Master Plan, which also prohibits the manufacture of certain textiles, and increases the number and types of companies that must participate in the Commercial Organics Disposal Ban, which currently applies to companies generating one ton or more of food waste material per week. Those entities will decrease that production to a half-ton. “Basically, Massachusetts is having a challenge with landfills and waste energy plant incinerators,” said Somerville, Mass., Environmental Program Manager Vithal Deshpande. “There are less remaining now, and there are chances that our waste will go outside Massachusetts long-distance by train and whatnot.” Legislators had been working on the program for at least three years, Deshpande said. They knew they wanted to recycle mattresses, but not a lot of mattress recycling businesses existed at the time so they supported the start-ups that would help shoulder the load.

58 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

Initially, the state planned to institute the ban last year, but COVID-19 put them behind. It’s now just a few months away, but Somerville and other Massachusetts cities have been planning ahead for it. Somerville developed a mattress recycling program that runs in conjunction with its regular trash and recycling pickup programs to ease the burden on residents. City leaders found that the most difficult part of recycling large objects like mattresses was figuring out how to get them to their final destination to actually be recycled. “Typically, the recycling companies are small, and they want municipalities to store mattresses at some location and call them,” Deshpande said. Somerville could do that. The municipality’s contract with its existing trash company, which was picking up mattresses anyway, was altered: The existing contract was divided into two days. The first day is trash day. After that, residents can call 311 to notify the utility service that they have a mattress to be recycled.

LEFT: Since the mattress recycling program’s launch, Somerville residents have recycled over 150 mattresses. Pictured is the city’s Assembly Square. (Jim Madigan/Shutterstock.com) BELOW: On Nov. 1, 2022, the state of Massachusetts’ mattress waste ban will go into effect. To help residents, Somerville, Mass., is working with its existing trash company to start a mattress recycling program. (Shutterstock.com)

The day after trash day, a second truck, already scheduled to pick up recycling, also picks up any mattresses and box springs residents have left out. The large items are brought to a storage location until the mattress recycling contractor picks them up. “People are already pretty much used to it,” Deshpande said. “When we started the program April 4 — before that we had a press release and social media outreach and everything — from day one, there were immediate responses from the residents.” Less than a month in, more than 150 mattresses had been picked up for recycling. All parts of a mattress are recyclable if sent to a recycling company, Deshpande said. “When we send mattresses to landfills, all that material is going bad.” Mattresses consist of three components — foam, springs and wood. “Interestingly, most of the time, mattresses do have recycled metal springs. This is a perfect thing, because all the springs go back to get recycled again,” he said. The foam material is also easily recycled, and wood that is in good condition can be passed on to a new home. A grant helped Somerville to begin the recycling portion of its program. In November, when the regulation becomes law, that grant will end. Deshpande said the cost won’t increase the resident rate to cover it, though. In Somerville, trash and recycling have both become part of the city’s annual budget, and costs for recycling programs are all covered by property taxes.

“This is still supporting our climate protection plan for the city to reduce greenhouse gases,” said Deshpande. “It’s not going to be in vain — it’s going to be helpful.” Deshpande identified the mattress recycling program as an example of why Somerville is a pioneering city, stating that it began a curbside recycling program in the 1970s. “The funny thing is, at that time, whoever tried it concluded that it would never work,” he said. “The city kept trying and eventually, in the 1990s, they started having standard dual-stream recycling drop off system, then curbside recycling, then drop-off recycling, then zero-sort recycling.” Somerville Climate Forward, the city’s comprehensive climate change plan, already includes a number of initiatives. At this point, 3% of its emissions come from waste disposal and there is a goal of being carbon neutral by 2050. One-third of its emissions come from greenhouse gases from buildings, another one-third from transportation and waste. A 13-action-area program includes rapid transition to electric vehicles, stormwater management, expanded tree canopy, weather resilient construction standards, increased share in renewable energy for residents, advocacy, educating residents and more. Somerville Climate Forward was launched in 2018 and, according to a 2020 annual report, the city had already experienced a 10% per capita drop in greenhouse gases since 2014.

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 59

Streets, Highways & Bridges

By JULIE YOUNG | The Municipal

The beat of Main Street Downtown Corsicana, Texas, is a place where the past and present meet. The original brick streets carry residents and visitors to exciting neighborhood eateries, entertainment venues, shops and urban living spaces throughout the 26-block area that have become an enterprising enclave within the vibrant community of 25,000.

Central to this hub is the Corsicana Main Street Program, which was first designated an official Texas Main Street City in 1985. The program is annually accredited by the Texas Historical Commission as well as Main Street America and works to assist in the revitalization of the downtown area using a combination of historic preservation and economic development strategies. “We work to preserve the downtown heritage by fostering community pride and involvement through events, volunteerism and community outreach,” said Amy Tidwell, director of the Corsicana Main Street Program. “We inspire business development and create strong historic preservation ethics using the Texas Main Street four-point approach.” When opportunity knocks Tidwell says those in the downtown community all enjoy being part of Corsicana Main Street. They know the program works hard to promote and support locally owned and operated businesses — so much so that potential businesses are knocking on the door to be part of it. “More people now than ever want to be a part of our program because they understand how truly special it is,” she said. “The support of our general community is one that I cannot express in words. They have been unwavering in their support for the Main Street community over the years, especially during the 2020 shutdown and COVID-19 pandemic.” She said small businesses relied on the support of the community to keep their doors open throughout the crisis, and the community was more than willing to help. In the months that followed every business was able to reopen, and downtown Corsicana has

ABOVE LEFT: The gateway to Main Street Corsicana welcomes visitors to the community’s downtown district. (Photo provided by the city of Corsicana) BELOW LEFT: The Corsicana Opry building blends historic architecture with a modern entertainment venue in the community’s downtown Main Street district. (Photo provided by the city of Corsicana) 60 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

proven to be a driving force for entrepreneurship and reinvestment. In the last year alone $2.1 million has been reinvested in the downtown area, and the district has welcomed 15 new businesses, including a brewery, restaurants, boutiques and a recording studio. Since January, it has added five new businesses and two relocations including a winery, a children’s clothing boutique and a yoga studio. More than $1 million has been reinvested in the first quarter of 2022. “Over the years, our Main Street program has put in place many of the beautification efforts that we still implement today,” Tidwell said. “Sidewalk grants are continually implemented to update needed areas. Sandwich boards are provided to new retailers and restaurants. Downtown twinkle lights illuminate our downtown all year round. Benches are added for more seating. Privately funded bronze statues commemorate historical figures in Corsicana, and we have two beautiful pocket parks that are maintained by our parks department.” In the past year, the Navarro Council of the Arts began an Art Alley next to the historic Palace Theater where art murals are continually being installed. The project is an effort to clean up the alleyway while providing the perfect place for residents and guests to take a selfie. “We strive to always think of new beautification efforts to continue making our downtown presentable and vibrant,” Tidwell said. There’s no place like home A native of Corsicana, Tidwell received her undergraduate degree from Texas Woman’s University in Denton and served as a public educator until 2017, when she and her husband returned home to be near their families. That year, she began working at one of the community’s small businesses and fell in love with everything they stand for. She learned the importance of supporting local businesses and what those entities mean to the local economy as well as how much they give of themselves to the greater good. It was then that she knew she wanted to be part of the Corsicana Main Street program and serve her community on a bigger platform. “I have seen first-hand the tremendous revitalization that has taken place downtown,” she said. “I started my job as Main Street/

Bronze statues commemorate historical figures from Corsicana. (Photo provided by the city of Corsicana)

Pictured is one of the large murals in Corsicana, which encourages the drinking of Dr. Pepper for a good life. (Photo provided by the city of Corsicana)

Tourism Director for the city of Corsicana in January 2021, and it has been such a rewarding experience. It is truly an honor to serve in my position and promote all the beautiful things taking place in our community.” Tidwell said historically, a downtown district was often the heart of the city. Main Street programs all over the U.S. work to preserve their old buildings so that in another hundred years they can still tell the same

stories from when they were first built. Without such a program in place, there would not be the exciting synergy that comes from the small business community working to promote the historic areas. “Downtown Corsicana is the heart of our city, and because of our Main Street program, we have been able to see our downtown shine like the gem that it is,” she said.

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 61

Conference Calendar To list your upcoming conference or seminar in The Municipal at no charge, call (800) 733-4111, ext. 2307, or email the information to swright@the-papers.com.

JUNE June 3-6 90th Annual Meeting US Conference of Mayors Reno, Nev. https://www.usmayors.org/ meetings/

June 8-11 Fire-Rescue South Carolina Myrtle Beach, S.C. https://scsfaevents.org/firerescue/

June 5-8 Prima 22 Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center, San Antonio, Texas https://conference.primacentral. org/

June 8-11 113th Annual Utah State Firefighters Association Convention DXATC, St. George, Utah https://www.fireassociation. com/upcoming-events

June 5-8 68th Annual EUFMC Williamsburg Lodge & Conference Center, Williamsburg, Va. https://eufmc.com June 6-8 New York Water Environment Spring Tech Conference Downtown Marriott, Syracuse, N.Y. https://www.nywea.org/ June 6-9 NFPA Conference & Expo 2022 Boston Convention & Exhibition Center, Boston, Mass. https://www.nfpa.org/ conferenceseries

June 15-16 ORWA Equipment Expo & Training Payne County Expo Center, Stillwater, Okla. https://orwa.org/expo/

June 9-12 Oregon Volunteer Firefighters Association Annual Conference Hermiston, Ore. https://ovfa.org/conference/ registration/

June 15-17 Indiana Volunteer Firefighters Association Convention Bally’s Hotel & Casino, Evansville, Ind. https://ivfa.org/convention

June 9-12 Texas City Management Association Annual Conference Hyatt Regency Los Pines Resort & Spa, Cedar Creek, Texas https://tcma.org/329/TCMAAnnual-Conference

June 15-17 Arkansas Municipal League 88th Convention Statehouse Convention Center, Little Rock, Ark. https://www.arml.org/newsevents/meetingregistrations

June 9-12 International Hazardous Materials Response Teams Conference Baltimore, Md. https://www.eventscribe. net/2022/Hazmat/

June 8-9 NYCOM Community Revitalization Conference Marriott Syracuse Downtown, Syracuse, N.Y. https://www.nycom.org/ June 8-10 Texas Association of Municipal Information Officers Annual Conference Four Seasons Hotel, Houston, Texas https://texastamio.org/2022annual-conference-information/

June 12-15 Michigan Water Envionment Associations 97th Annual Conference Grand Traverse Resort, Grand Traverse, Mich. https://www.mi-wea.org/

June 12-15 Maryland Municipal League Summer Conference Ocean City, Md. http://www.mdmunicipal. org/375/Summer-Conference June 12-15 ACE 22 World’s Premier Water Conference San Antonio, Texas https://www.awwa.org/ace

62 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

June 21-24 Association of Washington Cities Annual Conference Vancouver, Wash. https://wacities.org/eventseducation/conferences June 21-24 Colorado Municipal League 100th Annual Conference Breckenridge, Colo. https://www.cml.org/ conference June 22-24 League of Minnesota Cities Annual Conference Duluth Entertainment Convention Center, Duluth, Minn. https://www.lmc.org/

June 24-29 Texas SFFMA 146th Annual Training Conference Beaumont, Texas https://www.sffma.org/annualconference-contest-rules June 26-27 Michigan Association of Chiefs of Police Summer Professional Development Conference Shanty Creek Resort, Bellaire, Mich. https://www. michiganpolicechiefs.org/

J U LY July 12-13 Colorado Association of Chiefs of Police Annual Conference TBA https://www.colochiefs. org/2022-annual-conferencepublic July 17-21 Mid-Year Training Institute Gaylord Palms, Orlando, Fla. https://www.cadca.org/events July 21-24 NACo Annual Conference & Exposition Gaylord Rockies Resort & Convention Center, Adams County, Aurora, Colo. https://www.naco.org/events/ conferences July 20-22 ACMA Summer Conference Westin la Paloma, Tucson, Ariz. https://azmanagement.org/ events/

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Company Profile

Municipalities join multidistrict litigation suit to cover costs of PFAS By CONNOR LARSON | Water Industry Analyst and NANCY MORTVEDT | Director of Client Engagement at SL Environmental Law Group

M Connor Larson, Water Industry Analyst

Nancy Mortvedt, SL Environmental Law Group Director of Client Engagement

unicipalities and utilities across the U.S. have joined a multidistrict litigation (MDL) suit claiming that their water supplies are contaminated with per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF). These chemicals have been used for decades to extinguish chemical or petroleum fires at military bases, airports and industrial facilities. Most of these water providers trace their water contamination to the repeated use of AFFF by firefighters at these facilities to conduct training exercises. This practice resulted in substantial quantities of AFFF spread across the ground at these sites, allowing the PFAS in the product to enter the soil, surface water and, eventually, the groundwater. The problem with PFAS contamination Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) are part of the PFAS family of about 6,000 chemicals and can seriously affect a person’s health, including increasing the risk of cancer, thyroid disorders, ulcerative colitis, an increase in liver enzymes and pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia. Due to the known harm caused by these persistent bioaccumulate contaminants, many state regulators have set their own maximum contaminant levels (MCL) and are issuing testing orders to monitor the quality of their drinking water. If a test result exceeds the maximum contaminant level, a

64 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

Perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, members of the PFAS family, can increase the risk of cancer, thyroid disorders, ulcerative colitis while also increasing liver enzymes and pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia.

water provider must act — whether to take the impacted resource out of service or to notify consumers. This sets in motion a series of costs that can include shutting down water sources, purchasing water from other alternative sources and implementing a cleanup plan that often includes building a new water treatment facility to remove the contaminants. On Oct. 18, 2021, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency released its PFAS Strategic Roadmap, which sets timelines to take specific actions for regulating 29 PFAS substances. While still early in the regulatory process, the EPA’s intent is clear, PFOA and PFOS will be regulated, and the EPA may even go so far as to declare these compounds hazardous substances. Handling, removing and disposing of hazardous substances is costly and not something a municipality and its ratepayers should be paying for when we know who

LEFT: Aqueous film-forming foam has been used by firefighters to conduct training exercises. This practice resulted in substantial quantities of PFAS to enter soil, surface water and groundwater. (Photo provided) RIGHT: As of March 2022, approximately 100 water providers have joined MDL-2873 against various AFFF manufacturers, alleging impact to usufructuary rights in water.

manufactured these man-made toxic chemicals. The manufacturers of PFOA and PFOS knew these products would likely pollute groundwater, yet they failed to take reasonable and available steps to avoid the use of these substances in AFFF and failed to provide warnings that using these products as directed could result in groundwater contamination. They should be held liable. Multidistrict litigation gains momentum As of March 2022, approximately 100 water providers have joined MDL-2873 against various AFFF manufacturers, alleging impact to usufructuary rights in water. The water provider cases are one subset of approximately 2,000-plus cases pending in the MDL, but the court has selected the water provider cases as bellwether cases, meaning those cases will be tried first to work through common legal and factual issues that apply to the majority of all other cases. The bellwethers are representative of the claimants in that category of claimants. These trials serve as an indicator of what parties might expect in their individual lawsuits and are helpful in identifying the legal arguments that are most effective and the range of likely damages. The MDL started in January 2019, in the Federal District Court for the District of South Carolina, where this MDL is being heard. The other classes of plaintiffs are property owners, personal injury plaintiffs and the sovereigns (states, territories and tribes). What is an MDL? MDLs are used to coordinate complex litigation filed in multiple federal district courts by similar parties. By consolidating the discovery and pretrial motions, both sides save time and money. The benefit for plaintiffs is that attorneys can pool their resources and coordinate efforts that are needed to take on large, powerful corporations. If preliminary bellwether cases are resolved in favor of the plaintiffs, it usually results in a domino effect of settlements for the remaining cases. Typically, the presiding judge will steer the parties toward an agreeable resolution with a national settlement. An MDL settlement is not binding on any party without their agreement to participate, but it can provide efficiencies, as discussed above. If a case is not settled during an MDL, it is sent back to the original court for trial. “The majority of plaintiffs do not go through the standard rigor of an independent lawsuit, which makes this legal route attractive to so many municipalities who just don’t have the resources to take on a big corporate polluter,” said Ashley Campbell, attorney at SL Environmental Law Group, a legal firm that deals exclusively with water contamination litigation.

Joining MDL-2873 Additional plaintiffs are still able to join this MDL. Proceedings are already underway for water providers, which effectively shaves off two years (the duration the MDL has already been pending) to settlement or trial verdict and makes now a good time to join. Water contamination lawsuits are on the rise, and consequently, if a new suit were filed independently outside the MDL, the time to settlement or trial is most likely three to five years (and possibly longer in some jurisdictions where dockets were harder hit by closures from the pandemic). Joining the MDL-2873 is likely one of the faster routes to seeking damages to a water system if it has been polluted by AFFF. “The process to join is relatively straightforward,” said Campbell. “We discuss how the provider has been impacted and if there are any operational changes resulting from PFAS contamination. If there are, we evaluate any relevant legal issues and immediately begin obtaining necessary documents. If a client decides to move forward with litigation, we draft a lawsuit and work with the client to prepare the required documents to be produced in the litigation. Our services are based on contingency, so the water provider has no upfront costs and only pays if a settlement or trial verdict is won.” Statute of limitations Lawsuits are subject to the statute of limitations — the time limit that applies to every legal claim. Outside of special circumstances, claims brought after the statute of limitations has run out cannot be brought, no matter how valid — or valuable — they are. While the calculation of a statute of limitations varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, generally, it begins once the discovery of the contaminants has been identified in the water supply or when the provider takes some action in response to the awareness of the contaminant. While litigation can be slow, the alternative is to do nothing, which gives manufacturers a free ride to pollute and forces ratepayers to pick up the bill. An MDL is a way for water providers to band together and send a strong message to polluters to clean up their toxic legacy and adopt clean solutions that are not harmful to people or the environment. For more information about MDL-2873 visit https://www.scd. uscourts.gov/mdl-2873/index.asp or contact SL Environmental Law Group www.slenvironment.com.

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 65

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News & Notes New safety bulletins published by Safety and Risk Management Council or the American Society of Concrete Contractors ST. LOUIS, MO — The Safety and Risk Management Council (SRMC) of the American Society of Concrete Contractors (ASCC), St. Louis, Mo., has published two new safety bulletins: Emergency Rescue Baskets and Concrete Burns. Safety bulletins are brief discussions of the most severe safety issues facing concrete contractors and are published periodically. ASCC members receive a complete set of bulletins when they join the organization. They are available for sale to non-members. The SRMC is a specialty council of the ASCC, dedicated to making ASCC contractors the safest in the industry. The council board consists of safety and insurance professionals from all aspects of the concrete contracting industry. The group meets three times a year and spends countless additional hours overseeing safety matters for the organization. Council activities include publication development, review and monitoring of ASCC events and materials for safety compliance, member education, maintaining a safety awards program and staffing a safety hotline. The ASCC is a nonprofit organization dedicated to enhancing the capabilities of those who build with concrete, and to providing them a unified voice in the construction industry. Members include concrete contracting firms, manufacturers, suppliers and others interested in the concrete industry, such as architects, specifiers and distributors. There are approximately 710 member companies in the United States and 11 foreign countries. For more information, visit the website at www.ascconline.org or call (866) 788-2722.

Congratulations to the latest companies earning MVP status FARMINGTON HILLS, MICH. — Because standards don’t raise themselves, NTEA’s Member Verification Program (MVP) acknowledges the companies leading the industry to excellence. Fleet managers, truck dealers and OEMs know truck equipment manufacturers and distributors with MVP status have implemented specific business and quality standards and comply with federal regulations. New MVP members (since Jan. 1, 2022) • Enoven Truck Body + Equipment (Redding, Calif.) • S celzi Enterprises Inc. (Shafter, Calif.) Renewals • Brake & Clutch Inc. (Salem, Mass.) • Clark Truck Equipment Co. Inc. (Crawfordsville, Ind.) • Link Mfg. Ltd. (Sioux Center, Iowa) • Monroe Truck Equipment (Flint, Mich.) • OEM Systems LLC (Okarche, Okla.) • R/S-Godwin Truck Body Co. LLC (Allen, Ky.) • TODCO (Marion, Ohio) • Washington Auto Carriage (Spokane Valley, Wash.) Current NTEA Distributor and Manufacturer members are encouraged to apply for MVP status at any time. There is no charge — NTEA underwrites the cost of MVP as part of an ongoing effort to enhance the core competencies of its members. Once qualified, companies receive MVP status for a three-year term.

70 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

To renew, MVP members must again document compliance, ensuring their ongoing commitment to professionalism, industry knowledge and high performance. Visit ntea.com/mvp to learn more and apply, or contact NTEA’s technical services department for personalized assistance — (800) 441-6832 or mvp@ntea.com.

EN: Hägele GmbH Announces Promotions to Global Cleanfix Fans Team SCHORNDORF, GERMANY — Hägele GmbH, manufacturer of Cleanfix Reversible Fans, announces a number of personnel promotions throughout its growing global operations. These include: • Steffen Erhardt, director of engineering; • Matthias Fischer, team lead, application engineering; • Gideon Flor, marketing manager; • Brad Reibling, production manager, North America; • Michael Anderson, marketing manager, North America. “We are always extremely proud to be able to promote longserving and extremely loyal employees,” CEO Benjamin Hägele said. “These most recent promotions, effective Jan. 1, 2022, reflect the tireless dedication each of these professionals has provided and will continue to provide our organization. We proudly applaud and sincerely thank each and every one.” CEO Steffen Hägele added, “As our company enjoys rapid expansion and true evolution, this growth phase would be next to impossible without the devotion of the smart and talented people who come to work with us every single day. As a business entity, and as a family, it is so rewarding and reassuring to us to be able to confidently promote people from within. We are truly blessed.” Developed and manufactured by Hägele GmbH of Schorndorf, Germany, Cleanfix Reversible Fans are installed in a wide range of self-propelled equipment used in agriculture, construction, waste and recycling, forestry and mining, among various applications. These include farm tractors, harvesters, sprayers, excavators, loaders, graders and skid-steers that, when equipped with Cleanfix Fans, achieve maximum productivity and significant fuel savings with their maintenance-free, automatic radiator cleaning. The Cleanfix design, by which the blades rotate through the cross position, ensures that not only the grille is cleaned off but also the actual cooler. The powerful “sneezing” effect is required to truly blow out the dust, dirt and debris. Learn more at www.cleanfix.org.

News releases regarding personnel changes, other non-productrelated company changes, association news and awards are printed as space allows. Priority will be given to advertisers and affiliates. Releases not printed in the magazine can be found online at www.themunicipal.com. Call (800) 733–4111, ext. 2307, or email swright@the-papers.com.

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TOP 10 Put a smile on your face — Happiest places to live in the U.S. The COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread stress. After the worst of the virus passed, Americans made an effort to find joy in their changed reality — often through reconnecting with family, friends and familiar activities. But what some people might not realize, says WalletHub financial writer Adam McCann, is that where a person lives also can determine how happy they are. Location plays a hand in a person’s outlook. The availability of ways to improve your mental and physical state and form social bonds, as well as job satisfaction and financial well-being, all contribute to a more positive perspective. In order to determine which U.S. cities offer more of these opportunities, McCann drew on positive-psychology research and evaluated 180 of the largest cities based on 30 indicators of happiness: The following 10 cities exhibited the best combination of those factors.

City

Highest happiness category

1. Fremont, Calif.

Income and employment

2. Columbia, Md.

Income and employment

3. San Francisco, Calif.

Community and environment

4. San Jose, Calif.

Community and environment

5. Irving, Calif.

Income and employment

6. Madison, Wis.

Community and environment

7. Seattle, Wash.

Community and environment

8. Overland Park, Kan.

Income and employment

9. Huntington Beach, Calif. Income and employment 10. San Diego, Calif.

Community and Environment Source:www.gobankingrates.com/making-money/cities-with-high-salaries-low-cost-of-living/

72 THE MUNICIPAL | JUNE 2022

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Advertiser Index A

Advance Tire Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Henderson Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Advanced Drainage Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Air Netix LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 All Access Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Alumitank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 American Shoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

I ICOM America Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

L Land Pride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

American Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Andy Mohr Ford . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

McGard LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

APWA PWX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Mobile Desk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Monroe Truck Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

BendPak Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Best Management Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cover, 12-13

National Construction Rentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Bonnell Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BACK

Buyers Products Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

PipeLogix Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Premier Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Central Life Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

CleanFix North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

SL Environmental Law Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64-65

Clearspan Fabric Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Southland Tool Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

ConSeal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Super Products LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Curbtender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Switch-N-Go . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

D das Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 DR Power Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37, 42

E Ebac Industrial Products Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Edinburg Auction Sales Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Elgin Sweeper Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

T Tech Products Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 TrafFix Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Trinity Highway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 TruGrit Traction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

U Unique Paving Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

V Vactor Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Fluid Control Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

VMAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Global Environmental Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Winter Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Greystone Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Wisconsin Surplus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

This index is provided courtesy of the publisher, who assumes no liability for errors or omissions. JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 75

JUNE 2022 | THE MUNICIPAL 77

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