Horizon Winter 2013

Winter

2013

A healthy good time

at Kalispels’ Wellness Center

History of Sullivan Lake Natural treasure’s big impact on Pend Oreille County

Disc golf in any weather Fastest growing sport arrives A supplement publication of The Newport and Gem State Miner Newspapers

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Editor’s Note: 4 History of Sullivan Lake

Natural beauty cornerstone of industry in northern Pend Oreille County

8 Disc golf coming to Pend Oreille County World-wide sport fast becoming popular

12 Camas Center for Community Wellness Relax, work out, enjoy good food

T

here are lots of recreational opportunities in our neck of the woods. No matter the weather, residents and visitors alike can find any number of pastimes

in the Pend Oreille River Valley.

In this issue of Horizon, we take a look at activities that can be enjoyed yearround.

Disc golf is the fastest growing sport in the world, and it’s about to arrive in Pend Oreille County. A group of planners are looking at potential sites for a disc golf course. We show you how to play, whether snow, sleet or sunshine.

The Camas Center for Community Wellness is another chance to recreate, regardless of weather. The Kalispel Tribe built this center for health that offers swimming pools, saunas, learning centers, racquet ball courts, and healthy food, along with medical and dental care.

Finally, we look back at the history of Sullivan Lake. This little gem nestled in the Selkirk Mountains doesn’t only offer an abundance of fishing, hiking and camping opportunities, it helped bring industry to Pend Oreille County.

As always, we hope you enjoy this issue of Horizon.

-MCN

Community Horizon PUBLISHED: December 2013 PUBLISHER: Fred Willenbrock WRITERS & EDITORS: Desireé Hood, Don Gronning and Michelle Nedved DESIGN: Charisse Neufeldt ADVERTISING: Lindsay Guscott, Cindy Boober, Beth Gokey and Susan Willenbrock

HORIZON is published quarterly as a supplement to The Newport Miner and Gem State Miner, 421 S. Spokane, Newport WA 99156.

TELEPHONE: 509-447-2433 E-MAIL: theminer@povn.com.

FAX: 509-447-9222 Reproduction of articles & photographs is prohibited without permission of the publisher. See all issues at The Miner Online: www.pendoreillerivervalley.com Winter 2013|Horizon 3

File photo

Sullivan Lake sits high in the Selkirk Mountain range and the scenic beauty has not changed much since the early 1900s. Many wild animals choose to call the surrounding mountains home because of the natural habitat still available.

Sullivan Lake sits deep in history

BY DESIREÉ HOOD

P

end Oreille County was the last county formed in the state

of Washington in 1911. The north part of the county is rich in scenic beauty, forested land, a lively history and a hidden lake in the Selkirk Mountain range that has fed the Pend Oreille River since the melting of Glacial Lake Missoula many years ago.

Sullivan Lake covers 1,290 acres and is the largest lake in Pend Oreille County. The first historic record of Sullivan Lake was in 1868 when Michael Sullivan and Carl Harvey were prospecting gold in the area. Sullivan Lake 4 Horizon|2013 Winter

and Harvey Creek were later named for these two gentlemen.

The Selkirk Mountains surrounding Sullivan Lake are a wildlife refuge for many wild animals because of the natural habitat. However, the mountain goats that adopted the mountains as their home and often roam into Metaline Falls, were not native to the area.

The elk herd was also not native to the land. Paddy Sullivan rescued four elk from the Manito Park Zoo when it closed in 1933 because of the Great Depression. The elk were so tame they could be fed by hand.

Bears, native to the area, caused residents concern. A particularly bold bear could find smelly garbage, ignore car lights and continue foraging or they could wander into the campgrounds and amuse the campers. By the 1960s, the Forest Service began to educate campers against feeding the bears.

A hunting and fishing resort was built on Sullivan Lake in 1902, giving the area much deserved recognition. The Miner reported in August of that year that the south end of the lake would see a new lodge for the accommodation of visitors.

The Caribou Lodge opened under the CONTINUED ON PAGE 5

Horizon photo|DesireĂŠ Hood

Water from Sullivan Creek was used to generate power for the town of Metaline Falls in the early 1900s. The wooden flume sat above the creek waters and connected the town to Sullivan Lake.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 4

management of W.C. Birdsall of Spokane, who told The Miner that he “ran across” the lake and decided immediately that a summer resort was needed for Spokane people.

The lake sits 10 miles from the Pend Oreille River. Birdsall reported the lake was four miles long and three quarters of a mile wide at the widest point at that time.

“It is for all practical purposes bottomless and its beautifully clear water abounds in trout weighing … up to 10 and 12 pounds,” Birdsall told The Miner.

The grounds Birdsall built the lodge on had 160 acres. The south end of the lake had been timbered and turned into a park-like setting. The park has three “limpid streams” flowing through it with a spring of ice-cold water nearby.

Trails were added to give hunters access to the mountains and cabins were built for refuge, shelter and provisions.

According to Hattie Stecker Sage in the Big Smoke 1973, cabins sat on the shore of the lake leased from the Forest Service for many years, but in the early 1960s, the Forest Service told the cabin occupants that leases would be terminated in 10 years and the cabins were removed to make room for campsites and to open the shoreline to the public.

The site of the Caribou Lodge is currently underwater.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 6

Courtesy photo|POC Historical Society

The flume was used by area residents as a boardwalk where picnickers, fishermen, photographers and hikers strolled to Mill Pond, a shorter, scenic route compared to Sullivan Lake Road. A man pulls lumber with a motorcycle, which was a common way for materials to be transported for the construction of the hydroelectric project.

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One man’s dream of power

Lewis Larson, born in Denmark in 1876, came to the U.S. in 1895. He became involved in mining and moved to Wallace, Idaho, pursuing mining interests. He became associated with the Last Chance Mine at Northport, Wash., in 1900, and made his first trip to the north part of Pend Oreille County and the future site of Metaline Falls prior to 1904. By 1908, he was acquiring property in the area.

Larsen was instrumental in starting the Inland (Lehigh) Portland Cement Company plant but his interests remained in mining. He conducted mining on a “small scale” until 1928.

Larson envisioned a large cement plant that would be powered by the waters of Sullivan Creek. He also wanted to bring the railroad from Newport to the north area of Pend Oreille County.

A source of power was needed to power the cement plant and town, and in 1909, Inland began the construction of a hydroelectric project from Sullivan Lake to a point on Sullivan Creek, just below the town of Metaline Falls.

It was a great feat for this time as some of the roughest terrain in the county had to be crossed to build the dam. A road was built from Metaline Falls to Sullivan Lake, and until the railroad reached the town, all equipment to build the dam was shipped to Newport

and rafted down the Pend Oreille River to Metaline Falls. The equipment was then taken by horse and wagon to the lake on the new road.

“It was quite the undertaking for that far back,” said Faith McClenny, a member of the Pend Oreille Historical Society.

The Sullivan Creek Hydroelectric Project, located about four miles east of Metaline Falls on Colville National Forest land, once consisted of Sullivan Lake dam, Outlet Creek, Sullivan Creek, Mill Pond dam, Mill Pond and a century old powerhouse.

The project began in 1904 when Larson discovered a mountain of limestone near the Pend Oreille River, showing promise of cement production in a massive way.

The area now known as Metaline Falls was owned by a bachelor miner and Ione had less than 50 residents, Metaline about 20. There were no roads, railroads or electrical facilities offered at the time.

Larson wanted to call the town Metaline Falls and in 1910, hundreds of workers came to the remote area to construct a log dam to create a reservoir, now Mill Pond, build a wooden aqueFile photo

Right: An aerial view of Sullivan Lake shows the unique shape of the lake. Sullivan Lake covers 1,290 acres and is the largest lake in Pend Oreille County.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 7

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duct or flume to divert water flow from Sullivan Creek to a new hydroelectric plant, a powerhouse, just outside the site of Metaline Falls. The town lies on a flat bench 100 feet above the junction of Sullivan Creek and the Pend Oreille River.

The construction of the log dam at the outlet of Sullivan Lake raised the water level by 25 feet initially and later 40 feet and provided a large reservoir. About two miles downstream, a large cedar grove was logged and cleared and a dam built, creating the Mill Pond. Both log dams were replaced with concrete dams in 1922 and 1923.

A sawmill was constructed at the west end of Mill Pond to provide lumber for the construction of the cement plant and to build a 6 by 9 foot wooden flume from Mill Pond to Sullivan Lake. The two and a half mile flume channeled the water from the Mill Pond dam to a reservoir called the forebay. From there, the water dropped 450 feet through a three-foot pipe called a penstock, to the generating plant on Sullivan Creek.

The first route to Sullivan Lake was built south of Ione, but Metaline Falls was the major benefactor of the hydroelectric project. The water was carried about five miles from the outlet of the lake to the mouth directly below Metaline Falls and into the Pend Oreille River.

Frederick Blackwell added a $6.4 million railway beginning near Post

Falls, Idaho, (formerly McGuires, Idaho) and running almost the full length of the county ending in Metaline Falls.

The Idaho and Washington Northern Railroad was extended from Ione to Metaline Falls in 1910 at a cost of $1 million. This made moving materials for the construction project, such as lumber, easier.

By 1911, the cement plant was built and streets and building plans were set into motion for the town of Metaline Falls. This was the third cement company to start operations in the state of Washington at the turn of the 20th century. According to the North Pend Oreille Scenic Byway, workers cheered when water was released from the flume and the cement plant became more than just a dream.

Electric lights sparkled on the streets of the newly formed town and future plans took on new perspectives with the addition of electricity.

The flume, a wooden structure used to divert water to the powerhouse, was situated above the rushing waters of Sullivan Creek, connecting to the Sullivan Lake dam. The town residents used the flume as a boardwalk where picnickers, fishermen, photographers and hikers strolled to Mill Pond, a shorter, scenic route compared to Sullivan Lake Road. Materials were often moved along the flume pulled by a motorcycle with a sidecar for stability.

Aeneas MacDougall, the first flume tender, checked the flume daily and lived above Mill Pond in 1910. His fam-

ily gardened, fished, raised chickens and kept a milk cow to make ends meet.

As long as MacDougall and the flume ran water, the town of Metaline Falls prospered. However, the flume was a maintenance nightmare as slumps and landslides repeatedly undermined it.

Hundreds of hours were spent by workers to cram oakum, an oil-treated rope, into cracks between the boards and shoveling sand through trapdoors to plug leaks. By 1920, the wooden flume needed to be rebuilt, replaced with a slightly smaller structure. This same process happened again in 1937, again shrinking the size of the flume.

“They had a lot of trouble with it.

It leaked,” McClenny said. “It finally leaked so bad it broke.”

In 1922, the Mill Pond dam was replaced by a concrete dam about 130 feet long and about 55 feet high, constructed just below the log-crib dam, the original construction used.

The powerhouse and the two dams at Sullivan Lake and Mill Pond generated power until 1956. It was during this year that the third and final wooden flume collapsed at the Mill Pond dam.

“It was a big job to keep it going for as long as it did,” McClenny said.

When the torrent of rushing water flowed into Sullivan Creek from the failed flume, the dreams of the workers flowed downstream as well. The flume was never repaired because cheaper and CONTINUED ON PAGE 22

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Winter 2013|Horizon 7

Horizon photo|Desireé Hood

The grip on the disc is important, disc golfer Jeremy Thornton said. He shows the wide spread finger grip on the disc before he releases. The four fingers should be tucked on the rim of the disc underneath, almost in a fist-like fashion.

Disc Golf uprising

Pend Oreille County plans a disc golf course

BY DESIREÉ HOOD

D

isc Golf has been around since the early 1930s and has

recently become a sport that is open to all ages, weather and talent. Adults, teenagers and children alike can walk onto the tee pad and let a disc sail through the air toward a metal basket about 350 feet down a wooded path, hoping to hear the clank of chains as the disc comes to rest in the cage.

These instances are rare, as an “ace” is always the dream of a 8 Horizon|2013 Winter

disc golfer but one that seldom comes true.

Jeremy Thornton, CEO of TNT Yardworks and a disc golfer for 18 years, said that on average disc golfers get about three aces a year depending on the courses the golfer throws and their throwing ability.

“Forbes said that disc golf is the fastest growing sport in the country. It has a 15 to 18 percent growth rate over the last 20 years per year,” Thornton said.

“That’s number of courses, disc sales, people that join the sanctioning body and that compete in events including also the number of events played every year.”

Pend Oreille County officials are looking at installing a course for area residents. Plans are being discussed to put a course in Pend Oreille County Park or the Cusick area to make access easier to disc golf.

Thornton has been asked to consult on the course for Pend Oreille County.

“I’ve designed three courses, two are actually installed, the other is in the process of being installed,” Thornton said. “I’ve assisted in the design of four other courses.”

Those include Jamboree Disc Golf

Course at Camp Sakani and Downriver Disc Golf Course in Spokane.

“Pend Oreille Park has the potential to be a world class facility, a gorgeous setting, beautiful old growth forest, on-site camping and plenty of land.

It is a truly amazing destination place to play. Making that course, people would travel from all over the country to play there,” Thornton said. “Cusick could be a charming 9- to 15-hole course. Not overly difficult but a nice place to get the family out. It would be designed as a good place for beginners.”

Disc golf is similar to traditional golf CONTINUED ON PAGE 9

File photo

“Steady” Ed Headrick came up with the disc golf basket in the mid-1970s. The basket has chains allowing for an easier catch when a disc gets close. In order to clear the hole, the disc must lay in the basket or chains.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 8

in rules. The object of the game is to traverse a course from beginning to end in the smallest number of throws of the disc, according to the Professional Disc Golf Association (PDGA). Most holes in the area are considered par three, meaning it should take three shots to make the basket.

“Most beginners will play holes as a par four to start off with,” Thornton said. “Once you gain some skill, once you can throw a disc over 250 feet, a player can reasonably expect to shoot a three on each hole.”

The length of a hole can vary from 80 feet to 650 feet. More than 515 feet, the shot is usually down a hill and the average length is about 300 feet.

A round starts by teeing off, where a player throws from a designated area,

usually using a driver disc. Once the disc has been thrown, it lands in a position down the fairway and the golfer will mark the lie with a small mini disc marker to establish the position. The player then throws from this point, attempting to bring their disc closer to the basket. Hopefully by this point, the golfer is within upshot range, using a midrange disc and landing it close to the basket so that putting would be possible on the next throw.

To hole out, the disc must come to rest in the bottom of the basket or in the chains. If using a target, the disc must hit the designated target.

“It’s just a good way to get out and enjoy nature and bond with your family,” Thornton said. “It is fun. The whole entire family can play and it is cheap.”

CONTINUED ON PAGE 10

Terms: Ace is a hole in one.

Birdie is one shot under par.

Bogey is one shot over par.

Double Bogey is two shots over par.

Tee pad is the designated area the player initializes the hole from.

Mini is a small diameter marker disc used to mark ones lie.

“Ten Meter Rule” means that players must stay behind their disc if they are within 10 meters of the basket. The player cannot follow through by landing in front of the mini disc with their feet or this would be a foot fault.

Balance must be demonstrated during a throw.

Horizon photo|Desireé Hood

Jeremy Thornton, 18-year disc golfer and course designer, throws at the basket sitting on top of a rock hill at Camp Sakani Disc Golf Course in Spokane. He helped design this course as well as others around the Spokane and surrounding area.

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Getting started

Thornton said the first thing to get started is to pick up a disc. Discs go a lot further and are easier to control than the trademarked Frisbee, Thornton said.

“I would say buy the cheapest. Start with the lighter weights first and start with a midrange,” Thornton said. “A midrange is an all purpose disc that you can use for putting, driving and upshotting.”

The cost of discs varies depending on the quality and plastic of the disc, however, they typically start at about $10.

Thornton said that golfers are approachable and new throwers should ask them what a good disc to start with is.

There are three types of discs: a driver, midrange and putter. Each disc is designed differently to help the golfer with certain shots.

According to Innova Disc Golf, a driver is designed to give players the maximum possible distance. These discs are typically used off of a tee pad for the first throw on the hole. Thornton said a fairway driver is easier to control and has a thinner rim for easy grip and a high-speed driver is used for further flying but may be harder to control.

A midrange disc is designed to give accuracy and control on a variety of shots.

Innova states they are versatile and effective from drives to midrange shots and can even be used for putting.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 11

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Jeremy Thornton said that Pend Oreille County has a hidden treasure in Pend Oreille County Park and it would be a world-class course if that location is chosen.

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A committee is being formed to discuss putting in a disc golf course in Pend Oreille County with location options at Pend Oreille County Park or Cusick. Mike Lithgow, Director of Community Development for the county and second from the left, is heading up the committee. The group met at the Cusick location Nov. 20 to walk the area and discuss future plans.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 10

Putters are designed specifically for putting and short controlled shots. They come in a variety of models and plastic and each player will find a putter that is unique to their putting style.

The next step is finding a course and to go out and throw. Thornton said that the Professional Disc Golf Association (PDGA) Course Directory is a great way to find a course close to a current location.

There are tricks to throwing a disc that will come with practice and patience. Local professionals may offer disc golf lessons and there are many different videos on the Internet offering

instructions on how to properly throw a disc.

League play can also be utilized. The cost of league play varies depending on the group, Thornton said. There may also be local clinics offered for free or a minimal charge. He said that some people also go out and teach themselves.

“Lots of people have done it,” Thornton said.

All-weather, any-time sport

The sport is open to people of all ages and in any weather. Most of the courses are free to play but some ask for small donations per round to help with maintenance upkeep.

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Horizon photo|Don Gronning

The Camas Center for Community Wellness is located about 20 miles north of Newport.

Camas Center for Community Wellness winter oasis Swim, sauna, eat

BY DON GRONNING

S

andy Nichols, 67, and his wife Martha, have been coming to the

Camas Center for Community Wellness from Newport for six years.

“We come four or five times a week,” he says, climbing out of the dry sauna.

They use the medical facilities, the pool, the sauna and the cafeteria. The day care even babysits their grandson.

“It’s a full service facility,” he says.

That sort of sums up the Camas Center, located about 20 miles north of Newport. Built in 2007, the center is designed for the whole county. It recently turned six years old.

“Since opening the Camas Center in December 2007, our goal is to fulfill the unmet health and social needs of our tribal members and surrounding 12 Horizon|2013 Winter

community,” said Darren Holmes, tribal administrator and tribal council secretary.

The $20 million, 57,000-squarefoot, two-story Camas Center has two swimming pools, a water slide, hot tubs, wet and dry saunas, a medical clinic, an exercise room with a variety of equipment, a gym and a cafeteria.

The Teen Center has foosball, table tennis and pool tables, along with television and Internet computers.

There is van service to the center from the north and south parts of the county. People come from neighboring communities to use the facilities.

“I come twice a week,” says Ester Stewart of Priest River. She and her friend Mary Garrido of Blanchard make the trip. They were working out, Garrido walking on the treadmill and Stewart on the rowing machine.

“I have to because of my high cholesterol,” Stewart says.

Janice Hartshorn, 72, makes the trip down from Ione on the van with some friends two days a week.

“There are six of us,” she says. The CONTINUED ON PAGE 13

Horizon photo|Don Gronning

The medical clinic at the Camas Center includes dental services.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 12

van works out well, saving them from winter driving this time of year. She says the price is right. “You can’t drive it for $1.”

Kaltran, the Tribe’s van system goes to Ione and back Monday through Thursday. You can ride for $1 each way.

From Newport, you can ride Rural Resource’s fixed route bus schedule, which makes five trips a day Monday through Friday. You can ride for 50 cents each direction.

Hartshorn has been coming about a year, since she had hip surgery. She works out about an hour. “I think it has helped a lot,” she says.

The Camas Center really is about health. In the cafeteria, all the food is prepared with health in mind. There is no soda and candy. But you can

get fresh fruit and salads. There are homemade soups and sandwiches.

On the walls are nutritional posters.

One shows the super foods like kale, avocados and blueberries. Another compares two salads, one with 945 calories and 83 grams of fat and one with 145 calories and six grams of fat.

A third poster shows proper portions compared to what American restaurants typically serve.

R.J. Nomee is the Health and Fitness manager. He motivates people to work out with a variety of challenges, with those who complete the challenge awarded with T-shirts.

“We’re always trying to come up with incentives to get people to continue,” he says.

There was the 50-mile challenge for CONTINUED ON PAGE 14

Cost to use the center

To use the Camas Center, you can either buy a day pass for $10 ($5 for people 55 and older and 18 and younger) or buy a monthly pass.

The family monthly membership sells for $60 for two adult households and $50 for one adult households. The family membership includes 30 hours of walk-in daycare.

A single adult membership costs $35 ($15 for those 18 and under and $20 for those 55 and older.

The Camas Center is open 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. Saturday and 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Sunday.

Horizon photo|Don Gronning

The Camas Early Learning Center has a waiting list to join. Among other things, children learn Salish, the language of the Kalispel Tribe. Pictured is Avalilly Sullivan, 3.

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people who complete 50 miles on the cardio machines – rowing, treadmill and stair steps. There was the 16-class challenge, for people who complete 16 classes.

The next challenge will be the weightlifting challenge, where people are challenged to lift 100,000 pounds, not at one time, of course. “It’s not as difficult as most think,� he says. Lifting 30 pounds 30 times Courtesy photo|Kalispel Tribe

Below: The group exercise room is well used.

There are Zumba, yoga and band ball classes and a combination Pilates/boxing course will be starting soon.

gets you 900 pounds, for instance. “I had a 25 year old woman lift 11,800 pounds in one day,� Nomee says.

Nomee also coaches amateur boxing at the Camas Center. He has a half dozen boxers working with him, including two girls. “They’re the most dedicated,� he says. The boxers are all elementary school aged.

One person who doesn’t need much motivation is avid pickle ball player Greg Nutter.

Nutter, 55, lost 45 pounds playing pickle ball. “I got interested in pickle ball and CONTINUED ON PAGE 18

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Gregg Nutter has lost 45 pounds playing pickle ball, his exercise of choice. In the spring when the snowbirds return to the county, Tuesdays and Thursdays, the gym is reserved for pickleball.

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Winter 2013|Horizon 15

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Spokane Orthopedics has been serving Spokane and surrounding areas since 1935.

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE 11

Thornton has seen three year olds and 88 year olds playing the sport in all types of weather.

“I have played in 15 inches of snow,” Thornton said. “Players will take gift wrapping ribbon and tape it to the top of their disc, about a three foot long piece.

You throw it and your disc goes underneath the snow and the ribbon stays on top.”

He said the thin ribbon works best.

The sport can be played at night using discs that glow. Players can take flashing lights, similar to fishing lunkers, and tape them on the top of their discs.

There is also masking tape that glows under an LED light.

“Nighttime is really fun,” Thornton said. “It’s also really easy to find your disc at night as long as your disc is still glowing.”

History of disc golf

The sport started in the 1940s and 1950s when the Frisbee was just being introduced.

“People would be playing catch with their friends, one friend had to go in for dinner and the other friend decided to make up a game and play by themselves,” Thornton said. “Seemingly the game kind of popped up all over the place. Lots of people think they invented it and they all did invent it in their own way.”

According to the PDGA, “Steady” Ed

Headrick started the Disc Golf Association (DGA) in 1976 as the founding company for the sport. He wanted to promote the installation and use of disc golf courses around the world.

The game is currently played in more than 40 countries around the world.

Headrick coined the term “disc golf” after inventing and patenting the original Disc Pole Hole to be installed in the first disc golf course.

Headrick worked at Wham-O toys as the executive vice president and general manager and originally wanted to call his pole invention the Frisbee Pole Hole but ran into issues with the Frisbee trademark belonging to Wham-O. While working at Wham-O, Headrick invented the modern day Frisbee and played a part in organizing contests and tournaments, such as the World Frisbee Championships at the Rose Bowl. However, Wham-O was not keen on the idea of the sport and this was the last time Frisbee Golf was discussed there for seven years.

During this time, a group of people from Rochester, New York, had been competing in the sport on a regular basis, holding tournaments and offering league play. They put together a tournament, the American Flying Disc Open, and offered a brand new 1974 automobile to be awarded the winner.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 17

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE 16

Headrick took interest again during this tournament and hired the winner, Dan Roddick, to work at Wham-O in the new Sports Promotion Department. After seeing the explosive response to the rising sport, they included Disc Golf in the 1975 World Frisbee Championships.

Headrick resigned from the company in 1976, convinced that disc golf was going to be a big sport. He started the Disc Golf Association later that year.

In addition to starting the DGA, Headrick founded the International Frisbee Association (IFA), the Professional Disc Golf Association (PDGA) and the Recreational Disc Golf Association (RDGA).

Headrick helped standardize the rules and the equipment for the fast growing sport of disc golf. He released his trademark term “Disc Golf” to the general public and in 1983 he opened control of the Professional Disc Golf Association (PDGA) to the growing number of disc golf players to continue the promotion of the sport around the world.

The popularity continues to grow for the sport as each new course grew into a neighboring course. Currently, the DGA estimates there are more than 3,000 formal courses in the United States and more worldwide. The “Steady” Ed Memorial Disc Golf Museum is at the PDGA International Disc Golf Center in Columbia County, Ga.

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE 14

started losing weight,” says Nutter, who plays several times of week.

“Pickle ball is my exercise of choice,” he says.

Nutter is a stay-at-home dad, caring for five children ages 5-16.

“We all come down several times a week,” Nutter says.

Children are a big part of the Camas Center. The Camas Early Learning Center serves about 100 children, about 85 percent of who are native.

The program is open to the public but so popular there is a waiting list of about 25.

Cost for the Early Leaning Center varies, depending on the age of the

youngster and how many days the child attends the Learning Center. It ranges from $200 to $525 a month.

The Early Learning Center can take children from one month to 12 years old.

Teaching children the Salish language, the language of the Kalispel Tribe, is one of the goals of the Language Nest, a program for children age 1-3 in which youngsters only hear Salish for 10 hours a day.

Teri Andrews Swan teaches Salish to children.

“The kids pick it up pretty fast,” she says. “They learn easiest when they are little.”

CONTINUED ON PAGE 19 Horizon photo|Don Gronning

Sandy Nichols of Newport relaxes in the dry sauna at the Wellness Center. Nichols and his wife, Martha, have been coming to the Camas Center ever since it opened.

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The Camas Center for Community Wellness has a delicatessen where freshly prepared food like this taco salad is sold.

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In fact, the entire Early Learning Center uses Salish. Swan also works with parents to learn the language so they can speak it at home.

The Camas Center also offers walk in day care, separate from the Early Learning Center. The day care is for parents who are using Camas Center facilities. They must remain on site, but while they are exercising, eating or visiting the medical clinic, children can be left at the Kid Zone.

Memberships at the Camas Center come with 30 hours of childcare per month. There is a two-hour limit per day for the Kid Zone, which is open Monday through Friday.

The medical center is another important part of the Camas Center.

Ron Poplawski is the clinic’s business manager.

“We take most major insurance,” he says, as well as all state and federal insurance.

The clinic offers medical and dental services, along with physical therapy and massage.

The clinic is open Monday through Thursday, from 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m.

The clinic has a Physician’s Assistant, an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse and two nurses, as well as a dentist and a dental hygienist. A supervising physician from Chewelah comes over one day a week

Courtesy photo|Kalispel Tribe

The water aerobics class is popular. It is held weekday mornings at 10 a.m.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 20

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE 19

and is available by phone as needed, Poplawski says.

The number of people who use the clinic has been steadily increasing.

There were 788 medical patient visits in 2008. That has steadily increased to 2,301 in 2012, with the clinic at 2,116 through October of 2013.

The same increase is seen in the chiropractic, dental and physical therapy.

The medical and dental clinic is open to all.

“Part of the tribe’s vision is to take care for the whole community,” Poplawski says. He says the clinic will see even more patients as the Affordable Care Act is implemented.

“We’ll be considerably busier,” he says. Many people will qualify for the Medicaid expansion and will also apply for dental services.

Tribal members are proud of the Camas Center for Community Wellness. It has achieved much of what was imagined when the center was conceived.

“The center has become an optimistic addition for our community,” said Holmes, the tribal administrator. “We just celebrated our six year anniversary, and look forward to what the future of the facility will bring for the health and wellbeing of our community.”

Courtesy photo|Kalispel Tribe

The recreation pool has a variety of attractions, including a water slide.

WORKING HARD TO USE OUR FORESTS WISELY Proud to be able to help better utilize our natural resources.

We’re recovering valuable wood fibre from many thousands of tons of material that would previously have been wasted on our forests’ floor.

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE 7

more reliable power was being generated the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), and at other dams, in the following decades.

Sullivan Lake Loop

Construction began on a bridge to cross the Pend Oreille River in 1932.

The Ione Bridge Boosters Club formed in 1919 for the Ione Bridge Association, to gather information regarding the best location for the bridge, the cost to build and identify potential sources for funds.

By the 1920s, the state began appropriating funds to build a road north through the county and construction was underway.

In 1923, a law outlined the route and added the Pend Oreille Highway to the state system, the first since 1911.

In 1925, the Ione Bridge Boosters tried to move the location of the highway between Ione and Metaline Falls to the east side of Ione, with a bridge to be built by the state. This push failed, however.

The Forest Service and the county said they would complete a road around the west side of Sullivan Lake to connect Ione and Metaline Falls. The Sullivan Lake Loop was born.

Civilian Conservation Corps

In the mid-1930s, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) came to the county.

President Franklin Roosevelt created CONTINUED ON PAGE 23

Courtesy photo|POC Historical Society

The wooden flume sat above the waters of Sullivan Creek and carried water from the Sullivan Lake Dam to bring power to the Inland Portland Cement Company in Metaline Falls. This picture was taken between 1910-1915, before the flume dealt with unfixable problems and eventually stopped being used in 1956. Small remnants can be seen from the Mill Pond Dam.

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Courtesy photo|POC Historical Society

People sit and look out at the scenic beauty of Sullivan Lake after the construction of the Sullivan Lake Dam in the early 1900s. The dam is still in place and is used to maintain water levels of downstream hydroelectric projects.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 22

the CCC to provide jobs during the Depression. The CCC built the ranger station and an airstrip at Sullivan Lake in 1936. A new ranger station was built in 1991, but the original station is still used for storage today.

The unattended airstrip is made of turf and runs 1,850 feet. It is still used by rangers and private airplanes. After the airstrip was built, the Metaline Falls Rod and Gun Club built a dance hall next to it to dance the night away tucked in the Selkirk Mountains under the stars.

Hydroelectric Project becomes a distant memory

In 1958, the Federal Power Commission, now Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), licensed the Sullivan Creek Hydroelectric Project as a non-generating project, with provisions

for adding generating capabilities later.

The project boundary was restricted during the period of investigation for reestablishing power generation.

The Pend Oreille Public Utility District (PUD) took ownership of the powerCONTINUED ON PAGE 24

Winter 2013 |Horizon 23

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 23

(PUD) took ownership of the powerhouse and hydroelectric project in 1958, when the maintenance problems kept plaguing the operations and it was not being used to generate power. The PUD spent $90,000 on buying the project.

The Lafarge Company purchased the cement plant in 1989 and operations were cemented a year later. More than 80 years after the opening of the cement plant and essentially the town of Metaline Falls, the cement company closed its doors for the last time. The closure meant taking more than 250 jobs and sending them downstream.

In the 1990s, the PUD considered rebuilding the project and making it capable of producing electricity. However, these plans were abandoned in 2002, because the water levels in the stream would have to be maintained and the cost was not beneficial to the company.

In 2005, the district decided to not seek a new license when the 2008 expiration neared. They surrendered the license and obtained authorization for any facilities that would occupy federal land after the surrender. Four requirements came from the surrender: maintain Sullivan Lake as it is currently, remove the Mill Pond dam within five years, improve and enhance stream habitat, and sell water to the state to support stream flows and offset new water uses in six northeastern Courtesy photo|POC Historical Society

CONTINUED ON PAGE 25

The west end of Sullivan Lake boasts a swimming area and beach. A four-mile trail around the lake offers views of the lake for hikers.

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24 Horizon|2013 Winter

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 24

Washington counties in an agreement with the Washington State Department of Ecology.

In 1987, the Forest Service did an archeological dig on the north shore of Sullivan Lake. It was confirmed that Native Americans were in the area from 8,000 to 11,000 years ago. The Sullivan Lake area is believed to have been the site of spring and fall hunting camps, referred by the Kalispels as “place where mule-deer stay.”

The cement company filed the Articles of Incorporation in 1909, the corporation’s length of existence was set at 50 years, the same length of time as the Sullivan Lake and Sullivan Creek water rights Larsen had leased from the Forest Service. He later sold these rights to buy stock in the cement company, which was required to sell power to his Metaline Falls Light and Water Company to sell to the businesses and residences of Metaline Falls.

Sullivan Lake releases water for power

The Sullivan Creek Hydroelectric Project currently keeps water levels up for swimming and boating at the popular camping destination, Sullivan Lake, nestled in the Colville National Forest.

When the PUD surrendered the generating part of its license in 1956 and took ownership of the project, the state made an agreement with the PUD to pay for water to be released from the dam to use

the water for the northern communities in the county. As part of the agreement, the PUD was paid a $14 million onetime payment. These funds were used to maintain the dam for the remainder of the PUD’s ownership. More than 14,000 acre-feet of water are released from the dam each year. Acre-feet means the amount of water that is released covering one acre at a depth of one foot.

According to the PUD, the project currently consists of Sullivan Lake dam, Mill Pond dam, Mill Pond Historic Site, a wooden flume and canal, a forebay, a horseshoe-shaped tunnel and the Sullivan Creek powerhouse.

Sullivan Creek Hydroelectric Project:

Sullivan Lake has a gross volume of 270,000 acre-feet with 31,000 acre-feet of active storage capacity. The lake covers 1,240 acres at its full pool elevation of 2,588.7 feet above mean sea level.

The Sullivan Lake dam is a 58-foot long by 29-foot high concrete gravity dam and spillway abutted by two concrete gravity wing walls.

The Mill Pond dam is a 134-foot long by 55-foot high concrete gravity dam with an 84-foot long curved spillway and an 850-foot long earthen dike at the left abutment. The wooden flume was about 12,500 feet long and is badly deteriorated and mostly missing. The remainder of the project, not located on National Forest Service lands, consists CONTINUED ON PAGE 26

Courtesy photo|POC Historical Society

Two gentlemen paddle across Sullivan Lake, an area known for Mule deer, Rocky Mountain Big Horn Sheep, bears, elk and mountain goats. The lake is noted for yielding big rainbows and browns to the patient fisherman. In 1965, a 22-pound brown was caught and the fish remains near the top for the state record.

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of a 2,200-foot long earthen canal leading into a small head-pond, or forebay of 300 feet by 300 feet and a 1,160foot long by 8-foot diameter horseshoe tunnel connecting the forebay to the penstock. A 275-foot long steel penstock extends from the tunnel to the powerhouse.

The powerhouse is 100-foot long by 38-foot wide and made of brick and masonry structure. There is currently not generating or switching machinery in the powerhouse. It has about 4,800 square feet and sits on 12 acres of land.

Current Sullivan Lake

Sullivan Lake is still a popular camping and recreational area in the county. The land is owned by the Forest Service. Currently there are three campgrounds in the area to

assist with a place to stay. Sullivan Lake Campground is on the north end of the lake, Noisy Creek Campground is on the south end and Mill Pond Campground is on the north end of the lake.

The PUD is planning a cold water pipe for Sullivan Lake as part of the relicensing agreement on the Box Canyon Dam. The paperwork has been filed in preparation for a pipe in Sullivan Lake that will bring cold water from the lower depths of the lake to the surface and tributaries to help with the fish mitigation requirement of the PUD Box Canyon Hydroelectric project federal license.

Editor’s note: This material was compiled from research found by the Pend Oreille County Historical Society and from “History of Pend Oreille County”

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Courtesy photo|POC Historical Society

The original flume was six feet by nine feet in construction, but rotting and landslides kept damaging the flume. It was rebuilt twice, both times shrinking its size. The men seen here are working on the lower deck of the wooden flume.

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