9 October 2013

THE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA STUDENTS’ NEWSPAPER

Stomp out stigma

page 6 and 7

n e ws

co m m e n t

s c i e n c e & t e c h n o lo g y

a rts & c u lt u r e

s p o rts

Brainstorm

Poverty, illness

Floating away

Wear it's at

Hardcourt polo

Mental Illness Awareness Week, Oct. 7-11

page 6

Mental health and income correlated page 7

Helium prices ballooning, supply deflating page 11

Contextualizing textiles page 13

Vo l 1 0 0 · N o 9 · o c to b e r 9 , 2 0 1 3 · w w w.t h e m a n i to b a n .co m

A profile of Winnipeg's bike polo scene page 20

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Index

VOL. 100 NO. 9 October 9, 2013

News

| pa g e s 3 – 6

Science & Tech

3

Q&A with Manitoba Liberal leadership candidates

11

Helium shortage

4

Missing and murdered Aboriginal women remembered

12

Science opinion: Creating trouble

6

Speaking up for mental health

Arts & Culture

cover image

“Alone” by Silvana Moran and S9

| pgs 11–12

Editorial

| pa g e 9

15

Queer zombies

16

Event listings

| pgs 13–16

Please contact designteam@themanitoban.com if you are interested in submitting a cover image.

For other volunteer inquiries, please come to our office in University Centre (across from Tim Horton’s, behind GOSA) or email the editor of the section for which you are interested in writing.

Diversions Comment

| pa g e 1 4

| pa g e s 7 – 8

Please direct all other inquiries to editor@themanitoban.com.

Sports

| pa g e s 1 8 – 2 0

7

Mental health and poverty

19

Bisons lose to UBC

8

Winnipeg Zombie Walk cancelled

20

Winnipeg's bike polo scene explored

Toban Talkback

Q:

Do you think the U of M has adequate mental health resources available to students?

Katy MacKinnon, staff

Gabriela Carazato “I haven’t heard about it, but if they do have it, they should promote it better.”

Janessa Tham “I’m aware that we have student counselling for classes but not for mental health.”

Shadab Malik “The counselling that’s available at Asper is pretty good; the teachers are really helpful. Especially the exchange coordinator, she is an amazing person. I think it’s pretty much perfect.”

Khashayar Pejhan “I have heard about the counselling so many times [ . . . ] I still don’t know where it exactly is... the place of a counsellor or somebody I can talk to. [ . . . ] It’s not clear to me.”

Senior News Editor: Quinn Richert News Editor: Katy Mackinnon Contact: news@themanitoban.com / 474.6770

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News

Q & A with Manitoba Liberal leadership candidates Meet Bob Axworthy, Rana Bokhari, and Dougald Lamont Grace Kennedy, volunteer staff

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he Manitoba Liberal leadership convention will occur on Oct. 26. The Manitoban interviewed the candidates regarding their motivations and political aspirations for our province.

The Manitoban: What motivated you to run for leadership?

Bob Axworthy: I think it really came from in the last eight years, I’ve been working as a volunteer in the core [ . . . ] With the violence and horrible things being done in the core of the city, I couldn’t sit in my community close to the U of M anymore and not do something [ . . . ] This cycle of poverty has to be stopped [ . . . ] if you want to get involved in politics, that’s what you do it for.

Rana Bokhari: When I was in law school I was able to do a lot of fundraisers and organizing for events for causes I believed in, and I felt I was able to get thousands of people passionate about a cause [ . . . ] that public service, I live for it, and to me, this chapter in my life is just an extension of that.

Dougald Lamont: The main reason I’m running is [that] I’m concerned already for my kids [ . . . ] when you look at the economic scene for the average Canadian family over the past 30 years, even though the economy is growing, the average family is $3,000 worse off [ . . . ] [When I was in university] I actually lived with the experience of the government downloading debt onto students. [ . . . ] We’ve been kicking away the ladder for younger generations and we can’t keep doing it.

M: How do you see the Liberal party fitting into the current political landscape, amongst the NDP and Conservative parties?

have a strong private sector you need good education and health care.

M: How do we keep graduates at home in Manitoba and why is this important?

BA: I want to put the “liberal” back into the Liberal party. Fitting in is BA: You [need to] have an economy not how I would put it – it’s leading and job base to keep them here [ . . the way [ . . . ] The NDP has lost its . ] The government should be workway [ . . . ] I think it’s a little tired ing with and making partnerships and needs some refreshing [ . . . ] as with entrepreneurial companies, and for the Conservatives [ . . . ] [they research facilities [ . . . ] U of M has are] appealing to the basic denomi- some incubators but we need more nator with taxes instead of social of them [ . . . ] If you want to attract issues [and] equal opportunity for corporations here, you want a skilled students. workforce to show, “look, we have this bright, young innovative work RB: With me as leader, I would say force.” we are going back to our true Liberal values: being socially fair and fiscally RB: When I graduated, so much of responsible; we are going to be the my class left for better opportunicentre [ . . . ] We’re the party right ties. A lot of it was because you can now who doesn’t have a voice. [ . . . find the same job in Manitoba but go ] That being said there is an oppor- to Vancouver and Toronto and get tunity for someone with the right paid more. What are the incentives energy, right leadership qualities, to stay here? Are [youths’] opinions that will stand up for youth. We’ve being valued? Is their creativity being let other people run our lives for too valued? These are people who are brillong and we need to wake up. liant, cream of the crop students, and in their own unique way bring value DL: The PC, under Brian Pallister, to the province. We need to let them is one of the most right-wing mem- thrive, and give them a reason to stay bers of the party – economically and here. socially [ . . . ] As for the NDP, [ . . . ] they have a reputation for being DL: It’s all about opportunity [ . . . ] well-intended, but when you actually Sometimes people talk about it as if look at their record—on childcare, “oh, our best and brightest are leaving,” poverty, or the environment—they but the fact is that there is great work haven’t been progressive at all [ . . . ] being done here in Manitoba, some The Liberals have been able to strike a that is world-beating work. Part of balance between economic policy and it is making sure people know about social justice [ . . . ] the two things that and also that people are being that go hand in hand. [ . . . ] [To pay] paid adequately [ . . . ]. If you want for social programs and education, you to keep people here, we need to put need a strong private sector, but to wages up. [ . . . ] It’s not just good

for the people doing the work; the best thing for small businesses is a customer with money in their pocket [ . . . ] For me, it’s about making the most of people, instead of making the most off people.

M: In what ways would you address emergency care wait times?

M: Jon Gerrard released a report calling for a reverse on the current “apprehend first, ask questions later” approach to the child welfare system. What are your thoughts on this?

BA: In some ways, I think CFS [Child and Family Services], in terms of the policies, we should shut BA: It can’t be just answered in one the door and throw away the key [ scope [ . . . ]. I think about 17 per . . . ]. It’s an agency that has lost its cent of our hospital beds are being way and direction. [ . . . ] We need to taken up by seniors who are waiting stop the apprehensions [ . . . ] let us to go into nursing homes at $350 a fix the problems at home, get rid of day [ . . . ] We should build new nurs- FAS [fetal alcohol syndrome], work ing homes, and we should get some on early education. It’s a system that money to do it today, because we’re isn’t working [ . . . ]. It’s creating a already spending it [ . . . ] freeing up whole other generation of kids living space for people who may be waiting in poverty, which creates so many in beds in the emergency [room]. other social conditions.

RB: Increasing frontline services and distinguishing between emergency and urgent care [ . . . ]. We need to put something in place where people with urgent care issues have somewhere to go. We need to increase our spots in nursing, make sure our medical students are staying here and giving them reasons to stay.

RB: You know in law—family law, dealing with children—we always look at what is in the best interest of the child, everything that has to do with children. That is the rule [ . . . ] it’s one of those situations where the current government needs to address the issue. If there is anything to say about CFS today, it’s, ‘look at the situation and stop ignoring it.’

DL: We need better triage, and [health care] needs to listen. There DL: I absolutely agree. The fact that we have been a number of times in have 10,000 children in care, of which the health-care system where there almost 90 per cent are Aboriginal, have been crises because people sim- is a scandal. That number has only ply were not listening. With Brian gone up under the NDP. Many of Sinclair, there were members of the them are housed at hotels for over public approaching nursing stations $300 a night, which is more than the and the nurses weren’t listening, and housing allowance for a month. [ . . there are cases where nurses aren’t . ] Keeping families together is very listened to. This can be fixed; there important for children, families, and are other places that don’t operate in the future of our province. continual crisis.

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News

Senior News Editor: Quinn Richert News Editor: Katy Mackinnon Contact: news@themanitoban.com / 474.6770

Missing and murdered Aboriginal women remembered

Eighth National Day of Vigils for victims of violence Quinn Richert, staff

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elatives and supporters gathered outside the Manitoba Legislative Building last Friday to remember missing and murdered Aboriginal women, and to call on the federal government to formulate a national action plan to address the ongoing tragedy.

The Oct. 4 event was held in conjunction with similar rallies across Canada marking the eighth annual National Day of Vigils for missing and murdered Aboriginal women in Canada.

The crowd began to grow at about 4 p.m., in front of the legislature’s steps, which were outfitted with a large arrangement of candles and floral bouquets supplied by sponsors.

Elder Jennifer Thomas led the crowd through an opening prayer, and was followed by musical performances by Leanne Goose, Jade Turner, and Sierra Noble, as well as a number of traditional songs.

Judy Wasylycia-Leis, former Member of Parliament representing Winnipeg North and former Cabinet Minister for the Manitoba provincial government, spoke to the crowd, criticizing the federal government for what she portrayed as a lack of serious engagement on the issue.

“In no other case of a national emergency can we think of a federal government response that has been so out of keeping, and so out of step, with the scale and the severity [of the issue] as the [response to the] tragedy of missing and murdered Aboriginal women in Canada,” said Wasylycia-

Leis. genocide by Canada [ . . . ] they turn “We know that there can be no jus- a blind eye, cover their ears, and treat tice without a national plan of action our sisters as if they don’t matter.” to address what only can be described University of Manitoba Aboriginal as a national human rights tragedy,” Students Association (UMASA) coshe continued. president Kyra Wilson, who was in Wasylycia-Leis, who has attended attendance on Friday, said that in the National Day of Vigils since its many cases disappearances are pre2006 inception, explained to the ceded by feelings of alienation.

Manitoban what she thinks a national “The issue is that a lot of are youth plan of action should entail. are feeling left out [ . . . ] when youth “There are five areas that have are not feeling supported, they often to be included in a plan of action. turn to the streets to feel like they are The first is recognizing the right of a part of something, and that is where indigenous women to efficient and they are being exploited. That is when unbiased policing in all cases. The they can become missing, or can even second is [ . . . ] stable funding for be murdered,” said Wilson. indigenous women’s organizations.

While UMASA was not directly The third concerns the collection of involved in organizing the event at the good data, and the fourth is educa- legislative building, Wilson says that tion and support of men.” the group has several other projects “The fifth point,” concluded on the horizon, including a teach-in Wasylycia-Leis, “is to recognize that on Friday, Oct. 11 in regards to eduthe roots of the problem go to eco- cation rights for indigenous peoples, nomic and social issues – especially and a visit with a United Nations the economic gap between indig- special rapporteur on Saturday.

University of Manitoba Students’ enous and non-indigenous peoples.”

Guest speaker and Idle No More Union (UMSU) vice-president exteractivist Robert Animikii Horton also nal Christian Pierce said that UMSU expressed frustration at government has also been working with UMASA inaction. Horton argued that due to and the University of Winnipeg the central role of women in indig- Students’ Association (UWSA) to enous life, their routine disappear- organize a Thursday, Oct. 10 event ances amount to genocide. surrounding missing and murdered “Women are the centre of the Aboriginal women. home. And because women are the The candlelight vigil wrapped up centre of the home and the family, shortly after 6 p.m., with families they are the centre of the community accepting bouquets of flowers from and the centre of our very nations,” the arrangement on the steps – a gessaid Norton. ture to honour missing sisters, moth“We must perceive this as an overt ers, and daughters.

Premiers may boycott Conservative national job training plan Federal-provincial showdown threatens to derail key part of Conservatives’ economic strategy Kevin Linklater, staff

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his past week, premiers issued government. a strong rebuke to the Harper Premiers have doubts over the Conservatives’ plan to overhaul program’s effectiveness – parthe country’s job and skills train- ticularly that it will not address ing framework. The Conservatives the needs of vulnerable workers want to replace the existing fed- and that small and mediumeral-provincial framework with sized businesses will be unable to their newly proposed Canada Job participate.

Grant, a major centrepiece of the Labour ministers also argue Conservatives’ economic strategy that the Canada Job Grant will that is set to come into effect in bypass small businesses due to the April 2014. Premiers, however, are cost-match required to participate up-in-arms over the new proposal in the program. and have threatened to boycott the A joint report from the Caledon plan.

Institute of Social Policy and The showdown between the the Mowat Centre for Policy provinces and the federal gov- Innovation is highly critical of the ernment is over the direction of proposed Canada Job Grant. job market and skills training, “It will be the rare small busiand also what premiers see as an ness where someone has the intrusion by the federal govern- time, knowledge, and experience ment into a traditionally provincial to initiate and design a training jurisdiction. program to access a Canada Job The premiers argue that they Grant,” reads the joint report. know their local labour market The report argues that the needs best, and that a one-size- proposal will do little to spur job fits-all approach administered at creation, and instead would be a the national level will not meet “windfall opportunity” for employthe needs of Canada’s diverse eco- ers to gain public funds to subnomic regions. sidize training they would have British Columbia Premier provided anyway.

Christy Clark and New Brunswick Other prominent voices have Premier David Alward have been also raised concerns over the new tasked to take the lead on the proposal. Former chief TD Bank issues of labour force develop- economist Don Drummond says ment and skills training for the there is little evidence to supprovinces. They met with busi- port the diagnosis that Canada ness groups in Toronto last week is suffering from a serious skills to develop an alternative proposal mismatch or skills shortage in its to the Conservatives’ plan. workforce.

“All premiers agreed that the Statistics Canada reported that program as it stands will not go there were 5.5 job seekers for every ahead in any province in the coun- job opening in 2012, suggesting try,” said Clark to the Globe and that the main problem of continMail. ued high unemployment in Canada The current Labour Market could be due to a lack of job openAgreement sees the federal gov- ings, and not a skills mismatch. ernment transfer $500 million to Labour ministers called for “an the provinces annually, which evidence-based approach,” and then funds programming aimed at said the new proposal will not increasing labour market partici- meet the need of employers and pation of underrepresented groups stakeholders.

– namely: youth, persons with disThe federal government has abilities, Aboriginal people, recent fought back, issuing a list of busiimmigrants, social assistance ness associations that support the recipients, and long-term unem- Canada Job Grant, including the ployed and older workers.

Canadian Chamber of Commerce, The proposed new Canada the Forest Products Association Job Grant is aimed at addressing of Canada, and Canadian Canada’s supposed skills shortage, Manufacturers and Exporters. or skills mismatch in its workforce.

The Federal Minister in charge The program is designed to help of Employment and Social businesses hire and train new Development, Jason Kenney, has employees, by sharing the costs said he will meet with premiers of training a new employee. Costs soon to discuss the Conservatives’ would be split evenly three ways proposal. A deal will have to be between the employer, the par- worked out soon, as the current ticular province, and the federal agreement is set to expire in April.

VOL. 100 NO. 9 October 9, 2013

H e a lt h n e w s b r i e f s

By Katy MacKinnon, staff

Study relates meat consumption to weight, health effects Recent research by Loma Linda University in California found that individuals following a vegetarian diet had a lower body mass index (BMI) than those following a diet including meat, even though all participants in the study had a similar caloric intake.

The purpose of the study was to examine lifestyle factors that could possibly prevent and treat metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by numerous health risk factors including low HDL cholesterol and high blood pressure.

Non-vegetarians measured at the highest mean BMI out of all participants, while strict vegetarians measured at the lowest BMI.

Custom-fit toothbrush can brush in six seconds Blizzident has invented a new type of toothbrush, developed on a 3D printer. The brush resembles the shape of a mouthguard, instead of the stick-like shape of an average toothbrush. The company claims the entire brushing process will be complete in six seconds.

The brush will initially cost $300, but replacements will be cheaper and are only required annually. Blizzident’s website asserts that the brush is available from dentists around the world, with a tooth impression taken from the dentist.

Cheek swabs: the next online dating?

Instant Chemistry in Toronto is taking dating services to the next level by matching applicants by genes. The process begins with individuals swabbing their own cheeks and mailing the swabs to licensed laboratories. Instant Chemistry then analyzes the results and matches people accordingly.

The company says their methods are backed by scientific research. According to Instant Chemistry, “couples in longterm relationships [are] often found to have very different immune system genes from

Medical school on probation The University of Saskatchewan’s College of Medicine has changed their status to “accreditation with probation” after being warned of a possibility of probation in July of 2011.

The president of the university has suggested that the problems in the college are not due to insufficient funding, but rather to a 60-year-old structural model that is not currently satisfactory.

The college was found to be weak or deficient in 10 measurements, including faculty members not responding to students in a timely fashion.

their partner.” The company also claims that biologically compatible couples have better sex lives.

News

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News

Senior News Editor: Quinn Richert News Editor: Katy Mackinnon Contact: news@themanitoban.com / 474.6770

A LOOK AT MENTAL HEALTH Speaking up for mental illness Awareness week held at U of M Katy MacKinnon, staff

“Stigma arises from fear, the fear of the unknown. What changes fear is making something that’s unknown, known” — Nicole Chammartin, CMHA

illustration by s. arden hill

your fellow students throughout Join the week in a challenge to Stomp Out

Stigma. The University of Manitoba is taking part in Mental Illness Awareness Week, a national project coordinated by the Canadian Alliance on Mental Illness and Mental Health (CAMIMH).

Mental Illness Awareness Week has been held for over 20 years.

“The goal is to reduce stigma,” said Nicole Chammartin, executive director of the Winnipeg Region of the Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA). Stigmas often associated with mental illness involve the notion of violent, crazy, or antisocial behaviours.

A variety of activities are scheduled to occur on campus from Monday, Oct. 7 to Friday, Oct. 11, including “We Love Dogs”

by St. John’s Ambulance.

Students can visit the fireplace lounge from 11:30 to 1:30 p.m. on Wednesday

(Tuesday in the Buhler Atrium at the Bannatyne campus) to relax and de-stress with pet therapy dogs. Interaction with our canine friends can help counteract negative feelings, specifically those associated with depression and anxiety.

The Gold Card will be handed out for the first time this week. Crafted by the Health and Wellness Program, the Counselling and Career Centre, and Student Advocacy, the Gold Card is a small reference card listing mental health resources both on and off campus.

Lisa Erickson, a nursing student at the U of M, spoke to the Manitoban about her experience coping with a mental illness while being in university.

Erickson has schizoaffective disorder, an illness she described as including symptoms of depression, mania, and psychosis.

“When I was depressed it was hard to make it to class; it was hard to concentrate.

[It’s the] same as when I’m psychotic: it’s hard to concentrate for sure. In general it’s hard to find people who understand. It’s just hard to get support,” she explained.

Although the U of M campus has a drop-in service for personal counselling sessions, Erickson was turned away twice before she was able to secure an appointment and speak with a professional. Drop-in appointments are limited and available on a first-come, first-serve basis.

“Once we got the ball rolling, the help was there. But just getting started, getting turned away, and feeling like nobody really cares, that was how it felt starting out,” she said. It was two months before Erickson saw a psychiatrist at University Health Service.

The psychiatrist only visits there once every two weeks.

Students who hear Erickson’s story often relate to her experiences, confiding their own depression and anxiety. However, many of these students have not sought treatment for their own mental illness.

Erickson spoke at a kickoff event by CMHA Monday night about her experiences with mental illness. Fortunately, the responses she has received when speaking on the topic have been positive, with many people commending her bravery.

“Everyone’s been really supportive,” she said.

Luckily Erickson has not experienced the stigma of mental illness herself, but Chammartin indicated that stigma is still present in Canada.

“I think stigma still exists [ . . . ] Stigma arises from fear, the fear of the unknown.

What changes fear is making something that’s unknown, known,” she offered. “The piece that I do believe is changing in Canada, and certainly in our community, is the amount people are talking about it.”

Students can take personal steps towards caring for their mental health.

Chammartin suggested making a list of the top things that are disturbing students in their private lives. From this list, she recommended making a plan as to what changes can be made personally, and what things are outside of a person’s control. She also advised creating small goals for change with rewards along the way.

“When we make small changes in our life we can often have [a] big payout,” she said.

Mental illness manifests in various ways, but Erickson shared some warning signs. She listed “any kind of withdrawal from friends or from classes,” as well as sadness lasting for more than a few days as examples.

Students wishing to access personal counselling should visit 474 University Centre at 8:30 a.m. as limited drop-in appointments are available. The centre also offers group workshops in a wide range of topics, such as mood management, career planning, and relationship strengthening.

VOL. 100 NO. 9 October 9, 2013

Comment

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illustration by james culleton

Mental health and poverty A misunderstood correlation Bruce Tefft

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t is a well-established fact that rates of mental disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression, schizophrenia) within the general population are strongly correlated with income. In other words, as individual incomes decrease, rates of mental disorder sharply increase.

This consistent relationship has been demonstrated around the world and, in reference to both mental and physical health, it has come to be known as the social gradient in health.

However, until the last 15-20 years, two apparently contradictory meanings or interpretations of the inverse relationship between income and mental health were supported by different sets of scientific findings.

On one hand, some research suggested that development of a serious mental disorder caused people to (a) achieve lower levels of education, relegating them to low-paying jobs and/or (b) become less employable, especially at highly skilled, well-paying jobs, which in turn caused their income to decline significantly. Essentially, the so-called social selection hypothesis argued that mentally disordered persons were over-represented among the poor because they were handicapped economically by their disorder.

On the other hand, the so-called social causation hypothesis argued that mentally disordered persons were over-represented among the poor because poverty, with all its attendant disadvantages, was a major (perhaps the major) driver of mental disorder. That is, poverty caused mental disorder, rather than resulted from mental disorder.

This debate between competing interpretations of the relationship between poverty and mental health was not only important scientifically; it also had great practical importance. The social selection hypothesis suggested that nothing much could be done about the poverty of mentally disordered persons, whereas the social causation hypothesis suggested that mental disorder could be reduced by taking steps to reduce poverty. Moreover, those who adhered to the latter position further argued that society has a moral or ethical obligation to take such steps, as poverty and the relatively poor health of those living in poverty were unfair and reprehensible.

Fortunately, recent longitudinal research, combined with sophisticated statistical modelling largely ended the above debate by showing that, although both social selection and social causation occur (i.e. they are not mutually exclusive processes), they are not equal in their influence. Developing a serious mental disorder can be (but is not always) a major, life-altering event with

direct economic consequences. However, cally get on a positive trajectory in which research has also shown that social causation educational and social success leads to furis far more significant in accounting for the ther success, whereas children of poor parstrong relationship between poverty and ents are far more likely to get on a negative trajectory in which failure leads to further mental disorder.

It is meaningful to distinguish between failure. Moreover, the longer children are the effects of poverty defined as material on a negative trajectory, the more severe and deprivation regarding the basic necessities intractable will be its effects on their mental of life (e.g. food, clothing, shelter) and the and physical health.

For nearly three decades, middle class more subtle psychosocial effects of poverty defined as economic inequality. Material incomes in both the United States and deprivation involves chronic and/or repeti- Canada have stagnated in real dollar terms tive exposure to major stressors such as (a) and lower class incomes have actually insecure, crowded, substandard housing; (b) decreased. In contrast, the incomes of the unemployment, insecure employment, or top 10 per cent have increased enormously. employment in high stress/low control jobs; Essentially, the middle class is being hol(c) living in noisy, unsafe neighborhoods; lowed out and more families are descending and (d) gendered violence, to name just a into poverty. Economic insecurity among few. Social inequality involves conditions young adults is rampant and it is predicted such as discrimination, powerlessness, lack that this generation will be, for the first time of opportunity, social scorn, and internal- in modern history, significantly less affluent than their parents. ized low self-esteem.

No less an authority than Alan Krueger, Both material deprivation and social inequality result in destructively high levels Chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic of physiological arousal, cognitive impair- Advisers, has stated with alarm that we are ment, affective arousal, and affective distress increasingly becoming a “winner take all (e.g. depression). Some research has even economy� in which the few become very suggested that people chronically exposed wealthy at the expense of everyone else, to the effects of poverty lose the ability to especially those at the bottom of the ecoregulate their internal state and thus remain nomic ladder. It is no wonder that rates of unstable and over-reactive indefinitely. mental disorder are increasing and that the Moreover, individuals disabled by poverty World Health Organization has forecast that often cope in counterproductive ways, such mental disorders combined with substance as through substance abuse and antisocial abuse will soon become the greatest source behaviour, which exacerbates their prob- of health-related disability in the world.

What could you do here in Manitoba lems, alienates social supports, and further to help reduce poverty and, consequently, impairs their mental health.

The dynamics described above apply reduce suffering due to mental disorder?

First, lobby your MLA or Premier primarily to adults whose development is relatively complete. The negative conse- Selinger for long overdue increases to the quences of these dynamics are multiplied Employment and Income Assistance promany times when you consider that mentally gram, about 80 per cent of whose recipients and economically disadvantaged adults are are either disabled or single mothers staying less capable of providing adequate material, home to care for young children. Similarly, social, and psychological resources (e.g. con- lobby the government to increase the prosistent, nurturing parenting) needed by their vincial minimum wage, which is significhildren, who are still developing and, there- cantly below the living wage necessary to meet basic needs. Third, support income fore, are more vulnerable to deprivation.

Most mental disorders originate in child- supplements, administered through the tax hood and adolescence. Many of the men- code, to provide non-stigmatizing help for tal, emotional, and behavioural problems poor individuals and families. Last, support common to these ages (e.g. social anxiety, policies that promote job growth, healthy low self-esteem, learning difficulties) are workplaces, affordable housing, and safe resolved, especially with professional treat- neighbourhoods. There are organizations ment. However, many such problems worsen locally engaged in all of these efforts. Get over time and can significantly decrease the involved. Speak out. It will be good for your odds of children successfully negotiating the mental health. many developmental tasks facing them on Dr. Bruce Tefft is an associate professor of their path to healthy adulthood.

Research on early child development has psychology at the University of Manitoba. shown that children of affluent parents typi-

The World Health Organization has forecast that mental disorders combined with substance abuse will soon become the greatest source of health-related disability in the world

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Comment

Comment Editor: Katerina Tefft Contact: comment@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Winnipeg Zombie Walk cancellation indicates unattainable regulations

The less you can afford, the more you have to pay

Community-building events should be more affordable

Why interest rates on student loans should be scrapped

Foster Lyle, staff

Bilan Arte

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few short weeks ago it was the city’s regulations is just too high announced that Winnipeg’s unless events find ways to secure annual Zombie Walk would not revenues from their participants. For occur this year. The event, which many community events, this is simattracts thousands of Winnipeg ply not an option. The Zombie Walk residents to dress as the “undead” is a casual, come-and-go event that and take to the streets for a lively, is open to anyone and everyone. It fun-filled walk, was closed down is a chance for individuals to get out by its organizers, who said that the onto the street and experience our cost for the event had become too city at night. Charging for services high. like this does not seem fair and, even The City of Winnipeg requires if justified, the fees are too much for that street events with an atten- most to afford. dance of 800 people or more obtain The city needs to look at what a use-of-street permit, as well as these events promote within recoup the costs incurred by public Winnipeg. The Zombie Walk and works-traffic services. These costs dozens of similar events foster culwould come in at nearly $4,000 for ture and community while providthe two-to-three-hour event. ing a safe environment. Careful The costs do not end there, planning goes into events like this though. It is likely that the Zombie to ensure a safe route is followed, Walk would require off-duty and that individuals are not put at Winnipeg Police Service personnel risk. Additionally, by travelling as a to be present, which in some cases group, the chance of violent crime is costs close to $100 an hour, as well minimized, allowing individuals to as waste management services such feel safe in and explore areas of the as portable toilets, and garbage and city they may not have otherwise. recycling receptacles.

However, the city’s regulations It is easy to see why this event and are not the sole cause of event canmany other small events are can- cellations. The province of Manitoba, celled, or never develop. The cost of which distributes liquor and lottery

permits, also has a difficult system for small community events to go through. The process of applying for a liquor permit is complex, with over a dozen different licences available for a range of poorly-defined event s. The task of applying for lottery permits is even more arduous and confusing. Similar to event regulation, this liquor permit process makes it harder for individuals to host and take part in events that are beneficial to the community and enjoyed by its residents.

Though the city and province may credit these regulations with keeping us safe—as safety concerns was a cited factor in the walk’s cancellation—it seems more likely that they have a stake in the revenues they draw in from individuals who hold events, or it is simply easier for them to prevent some of these events from ever getting off the ground. The city and province should be looking at how they can help event organizers plan their events in a safe manner, so that communities can come together and celebrate our amazing city.

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anada currently uses provincial average of $20,000, the price tag is and federal student loans as a just too steep. Student loans aren’t way to increase the accessibility of working to provide an equitable path our post-secondary education sys- towards education; in fact, once intertem. The idea is simple: lump sums of est rates are applied, student loans money are provided to students from have actually contributed to deepenlow-income families to help pay for ing the divide. their school and living expenses for Provincial and federal governthe duration of their post-second- ments need to be investing more in ary education program. In return, upfront grants and bursaries. These students must repay these monies, programs are non-repayable – meanaccording to a schedule, with interest ing students don’t have to pay them beginning to accumulate on loans as back, which results in lower debt early as six months after graduation. loads. In actuality, these programs More specifically, in Manitoba, enable students to pursue higher eduprovincial student loans are dealt cation rather than punishing them with under a dual funding model that down the road. incorporates the In Manitoba, Canada Student our government Loans Program. has taken many Poorer students This equates to steps to ensure a end up paying Manitoba students more affordable paying different post-secondary more than interest amounts experience, includto both governing the creation students from ment bodies. of the Manitoba wealthier The intent is Bursary Program, meant to offset the reduction of backgrounds the inequality interest rates on for the exact between students: provincial loans those who can to prime, and— same education afford the upfront most recentcost of post-secly—increased ondary education, and those who funding to the Manitoba Bursary cannot. The reality is that over time, Loan Remission Program. students who can not afford school However, it is time our provfind themselves paying double, some- ince took it a step further, as did times triple, the original amount due Newfoundland and Labrador, with to the compounded interest on their the complete elimination of interest loans, with the average repayment rates on provincial student loans. We taking 10 years. have a proud ranking today as one of The result is that poorer students the most accessible provinces to study end up paying more than students in. Through the removal of interest from wealthier backgrounds for the rates on provincial student loans, we exact same education, pointing to can ensure that our provincial student the inherent flaw of charging interest loan program isn’t punishing those rates on student loans: it hurts the students who need it the most. very people the loans were intended to help. Students from lower-income Bilan Arte is Manitoba chairperbackgrounds are more debt-averse son of the Canadian Federation than their wealthier counterparts. of Students and a former UMSU With student debt soaring to an president (2012-2013)

9 Editor-in-Chief Bryce Hoye

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The newspaper’s primary mandate is to report fairly and objectively on issues and events of importance and interest to the students of the University of Manitoba, to provide an open forum for the free expression and exchange of opinions and ideas, and to stimulate meaningful debate on issues that affect or would otherwise be of interest to the student body and/or society in general. The Manitoban serves as a training ground for students interested in any aspect of journalism.

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Editor-In-Chief:Bryce Hoye Contact: Editor@themanitoban.com / 474.6770

Editorial

11

Science & Technology Editor: Tom Ingram Contact: science@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Science & technology

Floating away Taking a look at the helium shortage Tom Ingram, staff

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t’s getting harder to fill a balloon helium’s chemical properties, no other The prices, long kept at an artificial wells, rather than producing the gas these days. That’s because we’re in element is suitable for the task. low by the U.S. government due to the as a by-product. Among the potenthe midst of a helium shortage as the Helium is one of the most abun- peculiar economics of helium produc- tial targets are the helium reserves in U.S. prepares to shut down a major dant elements in the universe, but the tion, have spiked abruptly. Demand Western Canada, which were discovstorage facility near Amarillo, helium in the atmosphere is unrecov- for helium is rising, and production ered by government studies between Texas. erable. Extracting it in a form that’s is actually falling due to a slump in the 1950s and 80s but were never Although its lighter-than-air usable is a difficult task: a large propor- the price of helium-bearing natural exploited. Weil Helium LLC, a Texasproperties make it the ideal filling tion of the world’s helium is produced gas. The effects of this could be quite based helium company, is proposing to for decorative balloons, helium as a by-product of natural gas. The gas drastic. begin production on two helium wells has a number of more fields near Amarillo are rich in helium, “If the liquid helium supply was to drilled in the 1960s near Swift Current, practical uses. which is why the U.S. established the suddenly vanish, our society would be Saskatchewan.

It is used as Federal Helium Reserve (FHR) there turned upside down,” said Marinda Weil is planning to use new techa shielding and encouraged natural gas companies Li Wu, president of the American nology that allows them to distribute agent by arc to produce helium and sell it to the Chemical Society. the helium immediately without storwelders. It government.

The impact would be felt especially ing it in vast reserves. “We’ll be able to is used The FHR is responsible for around hard in medicine. An MRI machine deal directly with the end user. In our in labs 30 per cent of the world’s helium supply. requires up to 10,000 litres of helium. case, it’s going to be the balloon guys and However, the reserve is destined to Without it, the superconducting mag- and the welders,” said Bo Sears Jr., a high close down. A 1996 bill required that net can be damaged. The high cost Weil executive. tech the entire reserve be sold off by 2015. incurred in replacing the magnets The U.S. is in the process of passmanu- “The legislation in 1996 says we were could limit access to MRI machines. ing a bill that will keep the Federal facturing. supposed to get out of the helium busi- “If the supply constraint on helium Helium Reserve open for a few more It is absolutely ness,” said Joe Peterson, the Bureau of continues unabated, it could be very years. The reserve can support helium essential to Land Management’s Assistant Field harmful to patient care,” said Tom production until 2020. Under this bill, the func- Manager in Amarillo.

Rauch, global sourcing manager for it will continue production as usual tioning It was expected that by 2015 there GE Healthcare, a manufacturer of for the next year and then auction off of MRI would be new privately owned sources MRIs. its stores over the following six years. machines, of helium in the U.S. But the date is In the midst of this situation, com- Party planners rejoice: the helium crisis which use it to cool their looming, and new sources have not panies are looking into the possibility may yet be averted. illustration by gloria joe superconducting magnets. Because of yet taken up the slack, said Peterson. of extraction directly from helium

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Science & Technology

Science & Technology Editor: Tom Ingram Contact: science@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

A day in the life: Wrapping up the blot

Science opinion: Creating trouble

The final stage of the experiment

The future of scientific education may be at risk in the heart of the Bible Belt

Elizabeth Drewnik, staff

Holly Ervick-Knote

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elcome back, dear readers! binds to the antigen is called the Last time, we finished Day variable region. It is unique in 1 of the Western blot. This issue, that every antigen has its own we’ll get into Day 2, which will corresponding antibody. complete the experiment.

The other end of the antiAfter we retrieve our mem- body—the one that “sticks up”—is brane from incubation with the known as the constant region. The primary antibody, we need to constant region is not the same in wash it and treat it with the sec- every species: the constant region ondary antibody. Then we can of an antibody from a rabbit will image the blot! differ from the constant region of The secondary antibody is an antibody from a mouse. So if covalently bonded to an enzyme. our primary antibody against the Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is protein of interest was established one of the enzymes used for sec- in a mouse, we can then generate a ondary antibodies. Specific to the secondary antibody from a rabbit primary antibody, the secondary that targets the constant region of antibody will only bind to the area the mouse’s primary antibody. where the protein of interest is Once the secondary antilocated. To understand why, here’s body is added, it must be left a quick explanation regarding the to incubate for some time. Just structure of antibodies. as with the primary antibody, Think of the antibody as in the the incubation ensures that the shape of a “Y.” The top branches of antibody is able to properly conthe Y are responsible for binding jugate with its antigen – in this to the antigen. In our case, the case, the constant region of the antigen is our protein of interest. primary antibody. Next we add The “tail” end of the Y is sticking the chemiluminescent substrate. up. This allows for us to bind the The substrate will interact with secondary antibody to the pri- the HRP enzyme conjugated to mary antibody. The portion that the secondary antibody, and the

chemical interaction will release a light signal. This enables us to detect the location of the protein of interest on the membrane.

The next step is imaging. The imaging method we will be focusing on is quite similar to the development of photographic negatives in a darkroom. The membrane is placed into a cassette. An X-ray film is placed over top of the membrane. As X-ray films are sensitive to light, it is crucial to do this step in the dark. We then leave the film to absorb the chemiluminescent reaction.

After this incubation is complete, we take the film and dunk it in the film developer, rinse it, dunk in the fixative, rinse again, and set to dry. We then observe the image. If all has worked nicely, you will see a dark band indicating the presence of your protein.

Thank you very much for taking the time to read this series of Day in the Life articles. This is the last entry for the series. I sincerely hope you’ve enjoyed reading and learning about select lab techniques. Cheers!

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exas is currently preparing to select the biology textbooks that will be used in high school classrooms for the next decade. Recently it was discovered that several reviewers objected on religious grounds to coverage of evolution in the textbooks.

There were 28 people invited to review the textbooks, and at least six of them challenge or reject fundamental scientific ideas such as evolution and climate change, according to documents obtained in July by the Texas Freedom Network, an organization that opposes the religious right in Texas.

Because Texas is home to a disproportionately large number of students, publishers often base the standards for textbooks to be used nation-wide on what is required in Texas At least two of them participated in the important final stage of the review. One reviewer, Raymond Bohlin, is a research fellow for the Discovery Institute – a centre that promotes intelligent design. Another, Walter Bradley, co-wrote a book on intelligent design and is a fellow at the Discovery Institute’s Center for Science and Culture. These and other panel members are suggesting that publishers include disclaimers about evolution or even include “creation science” as a valid scientific alternative to evolutionary theory in the textbooks.

One reviewer wrote, “I understand the National Academy of Sciences’ strong support of the theory of evolution. At the same time, this is a theory. As an educator, parent, and grandparent, I feel very firmly that ‘creation science’ based on Biblical principles should be incorporated into every biology book that is up for adoption.”

Another debated whether the fossil record actually demonstrates evolutionary processes of mutation and natural selection over time, saying, “The fossil record can be interpreted in other ways than evolutionary with equal justification.”.

In another case, Bohlin disputed claims about climate change. “We don’t really know that the carbon cycle has been altered,” and, even if we did, “we don’t know what climate change will do to species diversity [ . . . ] . [The] question seems to imply that ecosystems will be disrupted which we simply don’t know yet.”

The National Center for Science Education (NCSE), an organization that defends the teaching of evolution and climate science in the U.S., criticized the scientific background of the reviewers. The NCSE claims that few of the reviewers criticizing the textbooks have any scientific background or credentials, and the ones that do are involved in anti-evolution organizations like the Discovery Institute.

“Publishers should listen to real experts, not unqualified reviewers who don’t seem to understand even basic scientific terms,” said the NCSE’s Joshua Rosenau.

The outcome of this review process has implications for the rest of the U.S. as well. Because Texas is home to a disproportionately large number of students, publishers often base the standards for textbooks to be used nationwide on what is required in Texas, meaning that—in effect— schools throughout the U.S. could end up using watered-down biology textbooks infused with bad science and religious ideology.

Stronger regulation on science textbooks is no doubt crucial in ensuring that topics such as evolution and climate change are accurately and thoroughly covered in classrooms.

But even if the proposed revisions are rejected, the material actually covered in classrooms depends significantly on teachers themselves and the biases and beliefs that they bring into the classroom.

In an interview with the New York Times, Rosenau said, “most educational decisions are made in the 17,000 school districts and by individual schoolteachers in the classroom, [ . . . ] and it is really hard to know what is happening there.”

Michael Berkman and Eric Plutzer, political scientists at Penn State University, surveyed over 900 high school biology teachers and found that one in eight taught creationism or intelligent design as scientific alternatives to the theory of evolution.

The final decisions on what will be included in the new textbooks will be made between Nov. 19 and 22. As of now creationists represent a minority on the board. Some panellists want drafts to be made available by mid-October in order to give time for debate.

It would seem that selecting such a high proportion of people who profit from rejecting the most fundamental scientific ideas would be an obvious conflict of interest, but the region has a history of blurring the lines between church and state. The power struggle between science and religion stems from a deeply rooted cultural tension present throughout the Bible Belt. Nevertheless, it would be nice to see biology textbooks stick to teaching what they were intended to teach: science.

Arts & Culture Editor: Kara Passey Contact: arts@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

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Arts & Culture

A wearable history Insights into social change through clothing and textiles Anastasia Chipelski, staff

photo by anastasia chipelski

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istory is written in many forms – through buildings and books, our everyday lives, and the clothes we wear.

In the latest exhibit from the Costume Museum of Canada (CMC)—From Bloomers to Bikinis: Women’s Wear and Social Change— history is written in patterns, hemlines, and colours.

“The Costume Museum is neither a fashion nor a history of fashion museum,” says Jo Ann Greisman, treasurer for the Costume Museum of Canada. “The CMC is a material history museum focusing on what we wear. It looks at apparel and accessories in relation to social history.”

As you walk through the exhibition, expect to see carefully put together

outfits for everyday life and for special back up in the 40s. torical value of what’s in their closet, occasions, along with explanations Greisman explained that many and these days, she says, many items of the historical moments that cre- of these aesthetic conventions were will simply end up in the trash or at the ated them. One dress from the 1950s also reflections of not only what secondhand store within a year. appears to be made from old flour or women wanted, but what society at However, they are still welcomsugar sacks, in a bright floral pattern large—and the government—wanted ing donations of well-preserved items, that was unusual for the time. of them. especially from the 50s and 60s. If they “Everything was recycled durSmart dress suits showed up for don’t collect them now, says Greisman, ing the war,” Greisman explains. A working women throughout the war, they will be lost forever. small scrap of velvet may be salvaged but the desired silhouette became While it is entirely volunteer-run, and used for a trim, or a collar from hyper-feminine in the post-war period, and will not have a dedicated space as an old dress would be transferred to reflecting the pressure for women to a formal museum, the CMC is aiming another. step back from the workforce into their to continue holding exhibitions, like “Buttons were not easily available traditional feminine roles. There was this one, that pair apparel and his[ . . . ] so most buttons were reused a push towards propriety: Greisman tory in temporary spaces for at least a from another dress.” notes that the 50s were huge for hats. month at a time.

Moments such as the Persons “You couldn’t go anywhere without Beyond history, many pieces are Case, World War II, the availabil- hats and gloves.” simply wonders on their own. The ity of the birth control pill, and the The exhibit runs up to the 80s, and beadwork—all done meticulously by amendment of the Indian Act, are also includes the 2000s, labelled as a hand—on some of the dresses from highlighted in the exhibit. As these “mash-up era.” Greisman explains that the 20s is astounding. While we may events affected many women’s private it’s harder to find a common thread, a look back at these pieces as costumes, and public lives, including increas- theme, or a few exemplary styles of a they remind us that in daily life, our ing and decreasing participation in time while we’re living in it. Looking clothing is a distinct reflection of our the workforce and rates of university back, we may be able to pick out some current social space. graduation, they were also reflected in outstanding looks, but the attitude the clothes being made and worn. towards clothing—and manufactur- From Bloomers to Bikinis will In the early 1900s, hemlines rose ing—has also changed. be open at 264 McDermot Avenue ever so slightly as the bicycle gained “It’s hard for people to save clothes until Oct. 26. Gallery hours are popularity, and skirts were designed when they don’t know that it’s going Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday so that they could be gathered up for to be valuable,” says Greisman. The from noon until 6 p.m. and Thursday ease of movement. In the 20s, with CMC’s collection—all 35,000 piec- and Friday from noon until 9 p.m. the rise of the flapper, they rose again, es—were procured through donations. For more information, visit costumethen snuck down in the 30s, and crept Many people aren’t aware of the his- museumcanada.wordpress.com.

B.R.A.V.E. boys for safer, healthier communities New program in West Broadway takes an innovative approach to fighting violence against women Anastasia Chipelski, staff

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here is a movement afoot to engage majority of the programming. boys and men in the work of ending “It’s really important for the boys to violence against women, and a new pro- have male role models who can model gram at the Broadway Neighbourhood behaviors, who can look like they do, Centre (BNC) is the first of its kind who have firsthand experience,” says in Canada to receive funding for this Layne. kind of work.

The program is also working with The newly renamed B.R.A.V.E. other role models in the community, program—Brothers Resisting All such as cultural leaders from newViolence Everyday—hopes to ques- comer and indigenous communities. tion unhealthy versions of masculinity, These partnerships will help make the and build new leaders and role models program meaningful in a cultural way, in the community. and include teachings from beyond Why work with boys? While this is the BNC. the first in Canada, B.R.A.V.E. builds The University of Winnipeg’s bason the success of previous programs. ketball team, the Wesmen, are on “It’s been done in the [U.S.] and has board. been proven to be extremely useful in “Basketball is huge in West reducing sexual assaults; in reducing all Broadway,” says Layne. forms of violence, we’re hoping that it In a community assessment, when will have the same effects here,” says asked who they looked up to, many Jodie Layne, project coordinator for of the youths chose basketball playB.R.A.V.E. ers. The program will incorporate While many boys and men want physical activity—such as basketball to play a role, and be active in ending workshops—to engage in a way that’s violence against women, they may nuanced as meaningful, and model a not know who to ask or know if they variety of ways to display healthy masshould. culinity in sport.

B.R.A.V.E. programming officially And what exactly is this “healthy starts on Oct. 7, and will work with masculinity” that the program looks 15 youths (between the ages of 15 and to foster? This is something that, with 25) for the next 18 months. Along with the help of the facilitators, the youth the program co-ordinator, two male- are going to figure out. identified staff members will lead the “We don’t want to create new rigid

gender norms or expectations for the boys; we want to open it up for them to define it for themselves.”

The program will work on this through weekly discussion nights as well as activities. “[B.R.A.V.E. will use] activities to strengthen boys’ bonds to each other, to be able to open up and talk about those things that we see as masculine, that we don’t see as masculine, that we see as traditionally feminine.”

The B.R.A.V.E boys can expect to engage in a variety of activities. In addition to basketball, they will take in plays at Manitoba Theatre for Young People, visit the corn maze, go to cooking classes, and try boxing. They will also be talking about how to engage with others outside the program, if they see behaviours or attitudes that could contribute to violence.

“We know that the quickest way to stop violence is with the problematic attitude that it stems from, and with bystander intervention,” says Layne. choosing—a video, skit, or curriculum The program will also talk to the for a school—and use it to share what boys about how to cope with less they’ve learned and spread the message. healthy versions of masculinity that They will also be attending block parties they see in their home and community, and other events designed to engage the and how they can work to change those community with the program. realities.

Above all, the boys themselves will Near the end of the program, the shape the program. Layne believes that boys will create something of their every person is the expert on their own

photo courtesy of jodie layne

experience.

“Everyone’s experience is so varied; we can’t just say, ‘this is the way to have healthy masculinity and be a healthy male.’”

Check out www.thebnc.ca for more information on B.R.A.V.E.

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Arts & Culture

VOL. 100 NO. 9 October 9, 2013

The A-B-Cs of S-E-X, gender Jodie Layne, volunteer staff

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ello readers, I want to make sure we are on the same page when it comes to some fundamental parts of sex and sexuality. “Going Deep” will be rolling out a few columns over the next few months that will help you understand some of the other topics I discuss and that will probably just make you a better human being. If there’s anything you want to know, you can always email me at jodie.m.w.layne@gmail.com.

Okay, so gender. That’s where you check the “male”or “female” box off on a form and you’re good.

Right?

Well, not really.

Over the years, gender and sex have gotten mixed up in a linguistic tango and have become nearly inseparable. The best way to break it down for you is: biological sex is what’s between your legs and gender is what’s between your ears. Meaning that the parts and hormones you have determine your sex (male, female, intersex), and gender is the identity that you feel suits you. Now it’s pretty obvious that the old “check one” method doesn’t really seem to apply here anymore, isn’t it?

Gender is fluid, meaning someone may be born with a certain biological sex and feel that their gender identity matches that while they’re growing up; when what is between your legs and ears matches up, it’s called being cisgender.

That person can become a teenager and start to identify with the traits and the roles that society ascribes to another gender. Identifying with a gender that doesn’t match up with the sex you were born with can result in a person identifying as transgender. Contrary to popular belief, a

medical or surgical transition does not need to take place to be considered transgender – it’s up to that person to decide how they identify.

The term transsexual is not the same as transgender and is used when referring to people who occasionally dress or act like a gender that does not match their own.

Our hypothetical person can also feel like they have a tough time identifying with any gender and not conform to the roles, expectations, socialization, or pronouns of any gender: this can be called gender-ambiguous, gender non-conforming, gender-variant, bi-gender, pan-gender, genderqueer, non-binary, or—my favorite—gender-creative.

Some indigenous peoples who identify with male and female traits choose to identify as Two Spirit as opposed to the above options. Prior to colonization, Two-Spirited people held a special place in their communities and their ability to understand a multitude of perspectives often meant that they had special status as leaders and medicine people.

There are a whole other variety of genders that people identify with that I could never come close to covering; they’re as varied as the way people experience gender and the way the world interprets it.

So when it comes to gender, it’s important that we respect people’s choices and decisions about their own damn gender. If they would like to be referred to as he, she, they, zir, ze, or whatever, it’s pretty easy to do. It’s not a huge inconvenience to your life and chances are that it will mean everything in the world to that person to have their identity confirmed.

See? You’re a better person already.

Kindest Cuts David Skene, volunteer staff

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he nights are cold and bleak. No matter how much you try to bundle up, the biting winter wind is going to catch you and hold you in a frozen embrace. You stare at your mittens debating whether the weather is finally going to make you give up hope for one more, nice day.

No matter how much you try to fight forever, it’s always just a blink away. The heartsick elixir of melancholy hides in every shiver and falling leaf. Fall is the most unforgiving of adversaries; that’s why you can only fight it with the strongest magic.

It’s times like these that I like to put on my headphones – luckily, Kindest Cuts has just put up a bunch of new demos. Their mix of synth and depression is just the kind of jazz to get my mojo going.

They describe themselves as “synth pop/ post-punk from the hinterlands,” a description remarkably on the nose for the sound they create. “Handsome Killer” has a majestic transition from violin to a cold, calculated beat

– ice pick synths and reverb-drenched vocals spinning the gossamer web of a psychopath.

It’s the kind of song that begs to be enjoyed again and again.

The song “Prone” demonstrates a passion for its musical forefathers. The constant shadow of acts like New Order and Depeche Mode let you know that Patrick Short and Stacy Gaudreau have done their homework; this is obviously the kind of music they listen to and want to hear. Wouldn’t it be a better world if goth night was every night?

“The Dive” is simple and atmospheric: sounds whistle and screech like the wind outside your window, hinting at the illusion of a scream in the distance. Not bad for a song only one minute and 10 seconds long.

So pop on over to their Facebook page (w w w.facebook.com/kindestcuts) or SoundCloud (soundcloud.com/kindest-cuts) and stop fighting fall – give it a soundtrack worthy of its inevitability.

VOL. 100 NO. 9 October 9, 2013

Arts & Culture

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“Queer Zombies and Modern Media” Little Queer School House presents a series of talks to inspire public discourse Kara Passey, staff

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n the 1970s-80s, there was a artifact of the zombie meet on a boom in political authors criti- Venn diagram, that’s where I’m cizing heteronormative culture and hanging out right now, holding a investigating sexuality and gender cold cup of coffee.” as a social construct. The majority Strong wonders if the zombie is of content on same-sex history, lit- a tool of fantasy or if it is subversive: erature, and analysis was made by their non-normative reproduction the queer community for the queer echoes fears of sexuality, the goal community and was shared in a of a gun-protected fortress echoes public setting. By the 1990s, queer conservative gated communities, theory was taught in universities – a and the fear of becoming infected triumph with a downside, since now echoes the AIDS epidemic and this discourse is less available to the the sexual orientation debate general public. in the 1980s. “[Writings Considering and commentarthe zombie as a By considering ies] were closely cultural artifact, the zombie as a connected to Strong finds it communityto be a reprecultural artifact, based activism sentation of a Strong finds it to and political new humanity. organizing that While referring be a representation sought to transto media such of a new humanity for m publ ic as The Walking attitudes, resist Dead, Warm discrimination Bodies, World and violence, and provide valuable War Z, and Pride and Prejudice and resources for community mem- Zombies, Strong contemplates what bers,” says Dr. David Churchill, the zombie can contribute to queer an associate professor in history theory. at the University of Manitoba. “In In addition to referring to newspapers, literary magazines, art zombie media, Strong will make collectives, and oral history projects references to the texts “Powers of [LGBTTQ*] writers, teachers, and Horror: An Essay on Abjection” researchers engaged the queer pub- by Julia Kristeva and Skin Shows: lic as participant members.”

Gothic Horror and the Technology of “Academic research and teach- Monsters by J. Jack Halberstam. ing has been tremendously sophis“[Kristeva’s essay] is one of my ticated, nuanced and innovative, key texts for situating my discussion but it has principally been geared of post-apocalyptic bodies and their toward an academic audience,” said representative power in the realm Churchill. of popular culture and examining,” Inspired by public initiatives says Strong. “That is, abjection has that share LGBTTQ* histories everything to do with the zombie outside of academic settings— being the primer of culture, or the such as OutHistory and the Pop-up place where critical discussions such Museum of Queer History— as mine should naturally arise.”

Churchill responded to the lack “Halberstam’s theories about of engagement with a series of how our monsters are extensions talks open to the public as part of and products of an always changing a group called Little Queer School and fluctuating cultural fear have House (LQSH). Over October some great applicability to the way and November LQSH will pres- in which I study zombies.” ent three talks in the Millennium Strong is excited to support the Library’s Anhang Room, covering LQSH initiative and hopes his talk issues such as history, education, will inspire a discussion with those literature, cultural studies, the law, attending. and public policy.

Following “Queer Zombies and The first talk, “Queer Zombies Modern Media” will be a talk by and Modern Media,” takes place on Catherine Taylor, a professor in the Thursday, Oct. 10 at 7 p.m. and is faculty of education and departbeing presented by Jeremy Strong, ment of rhetoric, writing, and coma teaching assistant at the U of M munications at the University of who is working on his MA in cre- Winnipeg. Taylor’s talk will take ative writing. place on Nov. 16 at 2 p.m., and will While Strong doesn’t have any address the anti-bullying legislation major affiliations with Winnipeg’s in Manitoba as well as the controqueer or zombie communities, his versy surrounding it. Churchill will interest in non-normative perspec- finish the 2013 series on Nov. 20 at tives and ability to push boundaries 7 p.m. with a talk on 19th-century of established schools of thought advocacy surrounding sexual difwill make for an interesting talk. ference and its relationship to the “I am sort of hanging out on the emergence of queer culture. sidelines, thinking, and drinking a lot of coffee,” says Strong. “I like To find out more about Little to think of myself standing in the Queer School House, find middle of one of those Venn dia- their group on Facebook. grams, you know, with the intersecting circles? [ . . . ] Where the queer experience and the cultural

photo by jeremy strong

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Arts & Culture

Arts & Culture Editor: Kara Passey Contact: arts@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

event Listings The arts events to attend this weekend

music

visual art

other Saturday, Oct. 12 The F-Holes / Cam Penner / Miss Quincy The Windsor Hotel

Thursday, Oct. 10 The Republic of Champions / Jon Creeden / Jesse Lebourdais / the Manic Shakes Dead Lobster

Thursday, Oct. 10 – 11 Art + Body: SEE ME HEAR Plug in ICA

Friday, Oct. 11 The Wind Ups do Raw Power by the Stooges The Windsor Hotel

Saturday, Oct. 12 Those Liabilities / the Thrashers / Lost Weekend / King Cabernet The Pyramid Cabaret

Monday, Oct. 14 TESSERACT / FOZZY / SCALE THE SUMMIT / ANCIIENTS Union Sound Hall

Saturday, Oct. 12 WEST Handmade and Vintage Sale IV Robert A. Steen Community Centre

Sunday, Oct. 13 WORK HARD, PLAY HARD Club 200

Wednesday, Oct. 16 TERROR / COUNTERPARTS / POWER TRIP / CODE ORANGE KIDS / ISOLATION The Park Theatre

photo of the

week Childish Gambino FROSH Festival 2013 Photo by Joseph K

Saturday, Oct. 12 WINNIPEG ZOMBIE PARTY 2013 The Zoo and Ozzy’s

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Graphics Editor: Bradly Wohlgemuth Contact: graphics@themanitoban.com / 474.6775

Diversions

Sports Editor: Marc Lagace Contact: sports@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Sports

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Call for Proposals for 2013 Spinal Cord Injury Research Projects The Manitoba Spinal Cord Injury Research Committee (MSCIRC) is pleased to announce that the 2013 Grants and Awards competition is now underway and accepting applications for spinal cord injury research projects in Manitoba.

Purpose Grants provided through this initiative aim to increase understanding of spinal cord function, reduce the disability related to spinal cord injury, increase functional capacity after spinal cord injury, reduce the incidence and effects of secondary complications after spinal cord injury, and increase quality of life and community integration after spinal cord injury. In addition, funding is available for projects that will clearly lead to reduced SCI-related health care costs and projects that have the potential to address SCI-related research and health delivery gaps in Manitoba.

“Connect” funding is available for this year to support the Manitoba component of a research project that is National in scope, involving collaboration with researcher(s) in at least one other province or the Rick Hansen Institute.

Eligibility Grant applications will only be considered from applicants appointed at accredited educational institutions, disability related organizations, research institutions or hospitals.

Deadline All project applications must be received by 4:00 p.m. on November 25, 2013.

Inquiries Inquiries about the application process are to be directed to: MSCIRC, c/o Canadian Paraplegic Association (Manitoba) Inc. Telephone: 204-786-4753, ext. 222 Toll Free within Manitoba 1-800-720-4933 Fax: 204-786-1140 Email: aconley@canparaplegic.org

Application Package All forms are available from the Canadian Paraplegic Association (Manitoba) Inc.’s website at www.cpamanitoba.ca

illustration by caroline norman

Rock the rinks

Major events in the upcoming curling season Adam Peleshaty, volunteer staff

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oad to The Roar – November 5-10, Kitchener, ON It’s the qualifying tournament of the Roar of The Rings, the Canadian Olympic Curling Trials.

Twelve teams of each gender will try to win the remaining two berths each into the Roar.

Teams include those skipped by 2013 Brier champion Brad Jacobs, 2006 Olympic gold medallist Brad Gushue, 2007 world champion Kelly Scott, and last Olympic’s Canadian women’s skips, Shannon Kleibrink and Cheryl Bernard.

Two-thousand-ten Olympic gold medallist John Morris, who left Kevin Martin’s team last spring, will skip Jim Cotter’s team from B.C. and Cathy Overton-Clapham, former third for Jennifer Jones, has joined Crystal Webster’s rink.

Brandon’s Rob Fowler and Winnipeg’s Barb Spencer will also skip their foursomes in Kitchener.

Fowler was the 2012 Manitoba champion while Spencer reached the final of last year’s provincial championship.

Roar of The Rings – December 1-8, Winnipeg, MB In an overdue move, Canada’s Olympic Curling Trials will be held at the MTS Centre; they will be the most prestigious curling event to be held in Winnipeg since the 2008 Brier.

Four Manitoban teams will compete in front of a home crowd: former world champions Jeff Stoughton and Jennifer Jones will be there, along with Mike McEwen, and Chelsea Carey.

However, they will face tough competition. For the men, former world champions Glenn Howard and Kevin Koe will compete, along with 2010 Olympic gold medallist Kevin Martin—who replaced Morris with four-time Brier champion and three-time world champion Scott Epping—rounding out the field.

As for the women, 2013 Scotties

champion Rachel Homan and 2012 champion Heather Nedohin will compete, as will top-ranked teams skipped by Stefanie Lawton and Sherry Middaugh.

Olympic Qualification Event – December 11-15, Fussen, GER Eight men’s teams and seven women’s teams will fight for two Olympic berths, each for their countries in the first-ever Olympic curling qualifier. Under the most pressure-to-win berths would be both German teams as well as the Chinese women’s and American men’s teams. Germany usually performs well at world championships and the Chinese women were world champions in 2008.

Continental Cup of Curling – January 16-19, Las Vegas, NV This is not a misprint: there will be curling in Sin City.

After years of playing in Canadian cities, at smaller venues every year, this Ryder Cup-type event pitting North American teams versus the World will be played at Orleans Arena, home of the Las Vegas Wranglers of the East Coast Hockey League. Five resorts are now offering preferred rates to curling fans; the rooms at the host hotel were booked to capacity.

Olympic Games – February 10-21, Sochi, RUS The curling events will be held at the Ice Cube Curling Center, opened in 2012. Winnipeg’s Matt Dunstone won a World Junior bronze medal in that arena last February. Canada has medalled in every Olympic curling event since 1998; the men will look to win gold for the third straight time while the women will try to win gold for the first time since Sandra Schmirler’s triumph in 1998. Eve Muirhead and David Murdoch of Great Britain, Sweden’s Margaretha Sigfridsson, and Niklas Edin, will be some of Canada’s top competition.

VOL. 100 NO. 9 October 9, 2013

Sports

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Bisons lose a tough one to UBC Playoff spot uncertain heading into bye week Marc Lagace, staff

He was taken off the field by stretcher of downs, and one last chance for a as a precaution. comeback. Yantz completed a 20-yard Once the game had resumed, pass to Nic Demski, who went out of Kienan LaFrance punched the ball bounds at the 35-yard line, and pass in to make the score 18–17. interference on the next play gave the Things went awry for the Bisons Bisons a first down at the UBC 20. in the final minute of the third. A With nothing to show on the first Thunderbird punt hit return man two downs, it all came down to the Matt Sawyer in the shoulder, bounc- pivotal final play for the Bisons. With ing its way into the arms of the Coombs running a wheel route, the UBC cover team. The gaffe gave the offensive line made time for Yantz, Thunderbirds great field position and who threw a perfect pass into the resulted in a field goal. UBC led 21–17 end zone. Coombs looked to have heading into the fourth. caught the ball in the back of the end The ground game started to work zone, but Riley Jones slapped the ball for the Bisons early in the final quar- out of his hands at the last possible ter. Anthony Coombs ripped off a moment.

41-yard run. A pair of Yantz rushes “Unfortunately I was turned set up a five-yard pass to Coombs around when I caught the ball,” said that put the Bisons back in front. The Coombs, after the game. “He got a score tied Coombs’ personal season good angle to swipe it.” touchdown record (nine, which he “I lost my focus for one second and reached in 2011 and 2012) and tied he made a great play,” said Coombs. photo by Matthew Giesbrecht him with Matt Henry for second While the dropped pass seems like most career touchdowns in Bison the most obvious reason the Bisons t was an opportunity for Manitoba had missed on a 40-yard field goal field goal. It was 18-3 for UBC head- history. lost the game, the players and coaches to move into a tie for second place attempt on the Bisons’ opening drive ing into halftime.

The lead was short lived. Williams know better. and all but secure a playoff spot. of the game.

The Bisons needed a big play to found Micha Theil with a 15-yard “To be honest, I thought it was Instead, a dramatic 28–24 loss to the UBC took over in the second get them back in the game, and touchdown pass to the back of the our poorest game of the season,” said UBC Thunderbirds in the final home quarter. Carson Williams came in it came early in the third quarter. end zone. head coach Brian Dobie. game of the 2013 regular season has at quarterback for the Thunderbirds After an illegal kickoff gave the The Bisons were desperate to “We didn’t lose the game on the dropped the Bisons to 3-3. The Bisons and connected with David Scott on Thunderbirds the ball at the UBC respond, but the UBC front seven last play,” said fourth-year defenare in jeopardy of finishing with a a 58-yard passing play. Greg Bowcott 40, Bami Adewale forced a Bowcott mounted incredible pressure on sive lineman Lauren Kroeker. “If losing record for the sixth season in came in for a third-and-one from the fumble, which DJ Lalama returned Yantz and the offensive line. The you went [into the locker room] and a row since the perfect season and Bison two-yard line, driving his way 50 yards for the Bison touchdown. Thunderbirds sacked Yantz four times talked to every single guy, they could Vanier Cup victory of 2007. into the end zone. A Bison two-and- The score cut the Thunderbirds’ lead in the final 10 minutes, including a name you three different plays they In week three, the Bisons com- out led to UBC scoring a punting to 18–10 and brought the announced crucial loss of yards on the Bisons’ got beat on.” pleted a wild comeback in the fourth rouge on their next possession, mak- crowd of 1,457 to their feet. final drive of the game.

With the loss, the Bisons (3-3) quarter over the Thunderbirds on the ing it 8–3 for the visitors.

The game came to a grinding Getting the ball back with two are now tied with UBC for third in road. UBC entered this past weekIt was a tough quarter for the halt on the Bisons’ next offensive minutes left, the Bisons started their Canada West heading into the conend’s game just one win back from Bison offence. Of the seven drives drive. After Yantz connected with drive from their own 44. On the first ference bye. With games remainthe Bisons in the standings, looking in the second, five ended with a Boyd Nic Demski on a 24-yard pass to play, UBC nose tackle Donovan ing against Saskatchewan (4-2) and for redemption. punt after a two-and-out. QB Jordan the UBC 3-yard line, defensive back Dale sacked Yantz. An 18-yard run Alberta (0-6), dreams of a home Both teams were sluggish to start Yantz was sacked and stripped of the Miguel Barker came in to make a by Yantz set up a key third-and-one playoff game remain – but only if the game. Nick Boyd opened scor- ball on another. The turnover led to tackle. Barker removed his helmet around mid-field. LaFrance muscled the Bisons win out. ing with a 32-yard field goal. Boyd a UBC touchdown. UBC also hit a after the hit, clearly in a lot of pain. his way through and earned a new set

I

Bison Let’s get critical briefs Marc Lagace

Bison men’s hockey loses Alberta rematch 4-0

Bison women’s hockey splits road series to open season After dropping their first game Playing against the Alberta 5-0, the Bisons have moved to 0-2-0 Pandas, the Bison women are 1-1-0 in the 2013-14 season, suffering a after losing their first game of second shutout loss to the Alberta the season 5-1 and bouncing back Golden Bears. Undisciplined play for a gritty 1-0 win the following resulted in two 10-minute miscon- evening. ducts as the Bisons were outshot In the win, a power play early in 32–16. Taylor Dickin led the Bisons the second period allowed Brenley with five shots.

Anderson to score the only goal of The Bisons hope to bounce back the game. Dée Ana Marion earned against the Saskatchewan Huskies her second shutout as a Bison.

(1-1-0) on Oct. 11 and 12 at the newly The Bisons will travel to named Wayne Fleming Arena.

Saskatoon to play the Saskatchewan Huskies on Oct. 11 and 12.

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Sports

VOL. 100 NO. 9 October 9, 2013

photo by bryce hoye

Bicycle polo

Winnipeg. I thought it was something more standard formatting of mallet Championships. only the cool cities had,” joked Unger. size and ball type and playing surface, “It has really exploded in parts of Players in Winnipeg gather together and brought it back to Winnipeg.”

North America and Europe [ . . . ] there three times a week, usually at the River The sport of bicycle polo has actu- are tournaments going down every Osborne Community Centre, and play ally been around since the late 1800s or weekend somewhere,” said Unger. games on the hockey rink. Mondays early 1900s, and was played on grass. It Because of the grassroots nature are casual and generally for beginners, was even included as a sport in the 1908 of the game, many cities still have Kevin Linklater, staff while Wednesdays are competitive: “no Olympics. Interest in the sport waned their own house rules and particular fun Wednesdays,” said Unger. “We after World War II, however, and it conventions. hen thinking about recreational popular choices. play hard on that night, and let our virtually disappeared. It was not until This weekend WUPAss is having its sports played in Winnipeg, what The bike polo scene has grown adrenaline get the better of us.” Fridays the late 1990s and early 2000s that it annual Thanksgiving bike polo tournacomes to mind? Hockey? Soccer? since coming to Winnipeg, with the are casual again, and the games gener- re-emerged. ment, and will be joined by teams from Hardcourt bike polo? If you are like Winnipeg Urban Polo Association, or ally last into the night.

The modern game is no longer Thunder Bay and Saskatoon. Ten teams me, you know next to nothing about WUPAss, being formed to help orgaFabian Suarez-Amaya has been played on grass, but on a hard sur- are registered, but anyone is welcome that last one. nize games and other bike polo events playing bike polo on Winnipeg’s ten- face—thus the convention of referring to come down and join in on pickup As a sport, modern hardcourt in the city. The sport still retains its nis courts and hockey rinks for a few to the sport in its modern iteration as teams. bike polo, or simply “hardcourt,” has informal feel, however, with players years and recounts how bike polo first simply “hardcourt”—and is played “As soon as you start playing, it only been around for perhaps a dozen gathering together and playing pickup got started in Winnipeg. across the world, having spread to gets you. It combines riding bikes and years, and was introduced to Winnipeg games well into the night with whoever “Apparently in 2005, some hard- most major urban centres in North hockey, and is a sport that is instinchockey rinks and tennis courts in the shows up. bitten courier types just started get- America, Europe, Australia, and Latin tively enjoyable,” said Suarez-Amaya. mid-2000s.

Greg Unger started playing in 2009, ting together to play in warehouses, America from its origins in early-2000s The World Championships are being The sport involves two teams of when he happened across a game of using really improvised mallets and Seattle. held from Oct. 16-20 in Ft. Lauderdale, three players each, on bicycles, attempt- bike polo being played at Ciclovia, balls,” said Suarez-Amaya. “Then in There is now a governing body Florida. There are 103 teams set to paring to knock a ball hockey ball into the part of Winnipeg’s Manyfest street 2008, a few Winnipeg couriers went for bike polo in North America— ticipate from cities across the globe – opposing team’s goal. The game can festival. to the World Cycling Messenger North American Hardcourt—which including a team from Saskatoon who be played on any hard surface, with “I’d heard of bike polo before that, Championships in Guatemala and has established set rules and helps earned a spot after placing ninth in the hockey rinks and tennis courts being but I didn’t think that it existed in learned a more formalized game, with organize regional and even World North American round.

Not your grandma’s game anymore

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Golden Bears beat Bisons in hockey home opener Defending champs spoil special night at Wayne Fleming Arena Nolan Kowal

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n Friday night the Manitoba Bisons men’s hockey team honoured former Bison coach and player Wayne Fleming. A special ceremony was held prior to puck drop between the Alberta Golden Bears and Manitoba Bisons.

Bison captain Dane Crowley was also honoured, as he received the inaugural Wayne Fleming Legacy Athletic Scholarship.

Once the pre-game festivities wrapped up, the Golden Bears and Bisons were set to open their 20132014 CIS hockey season. Manitoba came out flat to start the game, and could only watch as Alberta powered their way to a 5-0 shutout win.

Jamie Crooks opened the scoring for the defending Canada West champion Golden Bears midway through the first period when he

took a pass from team-mate Brett Ferguson and rifled a shot over the shoulder of Bison netminder Joe Caligiuri.

Alberta never looked back.

As the first period wore on, Manitoba struggled to keep up with Alberta’s speed and ran into penalty trouble as a result. The Golden Bears scored twice on the power play before the end of the

alone in the slot and sniped a perfect shot top shelf to make the score 4-0. Shortly thereafter, Manitoba coughed up the puck on the power play and allowed Alberta to break in on a shorthanded odd man rush.

Levko Koper was the recipient of a slick pass by Hickmott and made no mistake from in close, putting the Golden Bears up by five.

There was no scoring in what was a rather uneventful third period.

There were a few scrums after the whistle. The Bisons actually had some sustained pressure early in the third for the first time in the game, but were unable to generate any good scoring chances. In the end, Manitoba mustered only 12 shots in the game. photos by beibei lu Alberta forward and former Red Deer Rebel, Brett Ferguson, period, with defenseman Jordan finished the night with two assists.

Rowley notching his first of the He was named the first star for his season followed by Ian Barteaux’s efforts. Fifth-year defenseman Ian marker with just fourteen seconds Barteaux also had two points for left. All told, Alberta simply domi- the Golden Bears. Defenseman nated the first period, outshooting Lee Christensen and forward Craig the Bisons 16-2 and scoring three Scott were each minus three on the unanswered goals. night for Manitoba, and the Herd Alberta continued to pour it registered a combined total of 40 on in the second period. Forward penalty minutes, many of which Jordan Hickmott found himself resulted from a lack of discipline.