15 July 2015

MANITOBAN the

THE OFFICIAL UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA STUDENTS’ NEWSPAPER

SCIENCE

Married to success Study suggests your partner influences your success Page 11

FEATURE

Tripping out Travel stories straight from the heart and field Page 12-19

NEWS

Child care conundrum U of M vows to increase day care spaces Page 3

VO L 1 0 2 · N O 2 · J U LY 1 5 , 2 0 1 5 · W W W.T H E M A N I TO B A N .CO M

2

Index

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Craig Adolphe

editor@themanitoban.com / 474.8293

BUSINESS MANAGER Adam Owczar

accounts@themanitoban.com / 474.6535

ADVERTISING COORDINATOR Michelle Arentsen

ads@themanitoban.com / 474.6535

EDITORIAL

NEWS EDITOR Ethan Cabel

news@themanitoban.com / 474.6770

FEATURES EDITOR Dana Hatherly

features@themanitoban.com/ 474.6770

COMMENT

EDITORIAL

GPS tracking

The curious case of concussions

No longer just for convicted criminals

COMMENT EDITOR Evan Tremblay

comment@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

MANAGING EDITOR Lauren Siddall

me@themanitoban.com / 474.6520

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITOR Chantelle Dubois

science@themanitoban.com/ 474.6529

ARTS & CULTURE EDITOR Seamus Hamilton-Pattison

arts@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Discussing head injuries in football

page 9

SPORTS EDITOR Mike Still

sports@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

COPY EDITOR Tom Ingram

page 7

copy@themanitoban.com/ 474.6520

DESIGN

DESIGN EDITOR Bradly Wohlgemuth

design@themanitoban.com / 474.6775

GRAPHICS EDITOR Bram Keast

graphics@themanitoban.com / 474.6775

PHOTO EDITOR Carolyne Kroeker

photo@themanitoban.com / 474.6775

DESIGN ASSOCIATE vacant GRAPHICS ASSOCIATE vacant

SCIENCE

BlockBUSTer? Busting the science of Jurassic World

page 10 ARTS & CULTURE

Pictures on the streets

REPORTERS

NEWS vacant NEWS vacant SCIENCE vacant ARTS & CULTURE vacant ARTS & CULTURE vacant SPORTS vacant ASSISTANT COPY EDITOR vacant

VOLUNTEER CONTRIBUTORS

Zach Fleisher Cédric Gousseau Jordyn Lerner Sophie Fiola Jeremiah Yarmie Justin Ladia Jen Goertzen

Lucas Tromly K. R. Morgan Maya Shuchang Yu Elyssa Chan Cori Kulbaba Caroline Norman Keegan Steele

Will Gibson Ian T.D. Thomson Alana Trachenko Carlyn Schellenberg Andy Che Ryan Stelter Julian McKenzie

MANITOBAN 105 UN IVERSITY CENTRE U N I V E R S I T Y O F M A N I TO B A WINNIPEG, MB R3T 2N2

Why Winnipeg needs to get behind art for everybody

GENERAL INQUIRIES & ADVERTISING Phone: (204) 474.6535 Fax: (204) 474.7651 Email: manitoban@themanitoban.com

page 23

FREE MEDIA Campus Plus Media Services Phone: 1.780.421.1000 Email: advertise@free-media.ca

SPORTS

Canadian Publications Mail Product Sales Agreement #589160

FIFA roundup

Team Canada women's national team improving but not there yet

page 28

Design Design Editor: Bradly Wohlgemuth Contact: design@themanitoban.com / 474.6775 Graphics Editor: Bram Keast Contact: graphics@themanitoban.com / 474.6775 Photo Editor: Carolyne Kroeker Contact: photo@themanitoban.com / 474.6775

A “volunteer staff” member is defined as a person who has had three volunteer articles, photographs, or pieces of art of reasonable length and/or substance published in three different issues of the current publishing year of the Manitoban. Any individual who qualifies must be voted in by a majority vote at a Manitoban staff meeting. Elected representatives and non-students may be excluded from holding votes as volunteer staff members in accordance with the Manitoban Constitution.

The Manitoban is the official student newspaper of the University of Manitoba. It is published monthly during the summer and each week of regular classes during the academic year by the Manitoban Newspaper Publications Corporation.

The Manitoban is an independent and democratic student organization, open to participation from all students. It exists to serve its readers as students and citizens.

The newspaper’s primary mandate is to report fairly and objectively on issues and events of importance and interest to the students of the University of Manitoba, to provide an open forum for the free expression and exchange of opinions and ideas, and to stimulate meaningful debate on issues that affect or would otherwise be of interest to the student body and/or society in general. The Manitoban serves as a training ground for students interested in any aspect of journalism.

Students and other interested parties are invited to contribute to any section of the newspaper. Please contact the appropriate editor for submission guidelines. The Manitoban reserves the right to edit all submissions and will not publish any material deemed by its editorial board to be discriminatory, racist, sexist, homophobic or libellous. Opinions expressed in letters and articles are solely those of the authors. Editorials in the Manitoban are signed and represent the opinions of the writer(s), not necessarily those of the Manitoban staff, Editorial Board, or the publisher.

All contents are ©2015 and may not be reprinted without the express written permission of the Editor-in-Chief.

Yearly subscriptions to the Manitoban are available for $40.

3

News

News Editor: Ethan Cabel Contact: news@themanitoban.com / 474.6770

Campus child care inaccessible, unaffordable, says report University of Manitoba releases latest report on state of campus day care ETHAN CABEL, STAFF

PHOTO PROVIDED BY JOHN DANAKAS

D

ay care is largely unavailable and unaffordable for University of Manitoba student parents, and more child care spaces are desperately needed on campus.

That is the conclusion of the most recent in a series of reports issued as part of the University of Manitoba child care working group, commissioned by the university to study options for improvement of campus child care services.

The report, by child care consultants Betty and Wayne Kelly, was released last month with the title “Moving Child Care Forward at the University of Manitoba: Background, Analysis and Recommendations.”

The report outlines the challenges facing student parents who must juggle between their obligation to their children and their study commitments, arguing that many parents either do not have access to child care at the U of M or simply cannot afford child care fees on top of their tuition payments.

“Going to university is undeniably a major commitment for any parent with young children, but the added cost of child care presents a major barrier,” the report states.

“Without subsidy support, it’s a challenge; without a subsidized space a low income family has very few options. Access to subsidized child care is essential.”

The University of Manitoba offers three child care facilities to students attending its Fort Garry, Bannatyne, Selkirk, and Thompson campuses.

The Fort Garry campus offers students two facilities: the PlayCare Centre, with a current capacity of between 16 and 20 children, and the Campus Day Care Centre, with a

capacity of 60 children. These facili- Prentice said, adding that the typical Therrien and her husband separated, the university study the demand and ties are bolstered by the Makoonsag assumptions about the background of leaving her to care for daughters feasibility of flexible, part-time or Intergenerational Children’s Centre a university student are increasingly Sophie, now eight, and Madelaine, short-hour child care options. at the Selkirk Street William Norrie outdated. now 11. While Madelaine was of “We are very hopeful that we can Centre, which houses the U of M’s “It’s long overdue that we pay atten- school age in 2010, Sophie was still a achieve these goals and do so within inner city social work program. tion to the needs of student parents.” toddler and required day care. a reasonable time,” said Gregory Makoonsag has a capacity of 52 Prentice estimates that around After two years on a waitlist, Juliano, co-chair of the U of M’s children.

16 per cent of Canadian post-sec- shortly after she began her univer- child care consultative committee, The child care working group ondary students are parents, with a sity studies in 2010, Therrien was able in an email. estimates there are 3,210 student third of Canadian indigenous and to get Sophie into the Campus Day Juliano told the Manitoban that parents and at least 1,449 staff and international students also looking Care Centre. the committee is seeking out partners faculty parents at the U of M. They after young children. Without a full As a single mother making less both internal and external to the unihave access to just over 128 child provincial subsidy, these students pay than the provincial low-income cut- versity to improve child care services. care spaces, ensuring that the three more for child care than they do for off, Therrien was fully subsidized for “Our early discussions have been campus facilities have an estimated tuition, she said.

Sophie’s day care. positive, but it is still too early to combined waitlist of over 700 names.

“I was ecstatic that I could continue predict if or when we will have more Access is not the only issue raised studying and attending school,” she definitive information on these in last month’s report, however. “Going to university said of the subsidy and access to the important goals.”

Affordability is also top of mind for The University of Manitoba day care. is undeniably a major the authors.

“I wouldn’t be where I am now Students’ Union (UMSU) is also commitment for any Child care is subsidized by the without it.” making child care improvement a She told the Manitoban that cam- priority on campus, according to provincial government on the basis of parent with young family income. Single parents makpus child care allowed her to focus on UMSU president Jeremiah Kopp. ing less than $16,420 annually are eliher studies for long stretches of time “Child care and the lack thereof children, but the gible for the full government subsidy, during the day while maintaining on campus right now is a top priority added cost of child ensuring that they pay no more than other commitments. However, she for UMSU in the coming year, and $2.00 a day for child care. Single parcare presents a major still struggled to balance parenting we’re going to work with the adminents making less than $28,354 per year and course work. istration and with the province to try barrier” – U of M are eligible for a partial government “I did have to bring my oldest to to increase the number of child care subsidy, while those making more class with me on a couple of occa- spots at the University of Manitoba,” childcare report are not eligible for any government sions,” Therrien said.

Kopp said. child care subsidy.

“You know, when she wasn’t feeling Unlike the university-run faculWithout a full or partial subsidy, U “You have to be very poor in the greatest, and I had to go to class.” ties at the U of M, the University of of M student parents on average pay Manitoba to qualify [for provincial Winnipeg Students Association runs $30.00 a day for infant children and assistance].”

Recommendations a campus daycare centre offering 96 $20.80 a day for preschool children.

Linda Therrien, currently a The report makes several recom- spaces.

Susan Prentice, a sociology profes- technical assistant for the City of mendations for improving access to Kopp would not rule out the possisor at the U of M and a member of Winnipeg forestry department, told campus daycare services, including bility of UMSU eventually providing the child care working group, argues the Manitoban that access to the U relocating the Play Care Centre on day care, saying only that “all stakethat the issue of affordable access to of M Campus Day Care Centre was the Fort Garry campus, as well as holders will have to be at the table” in child care on campus is paramount to the only thing that got her through creating several satellite offices for the future talks about access to child care ensure the success of students from university courses as she cared for her Campus Day Care Centre, expand- at the U of M. diverse backgrounds. two young daughters. ing to more locations on the main “There’s this invisible reality on Therrien was a physical geography campus and to Bannatyne, which campus that the university, for a student from 2010 to 2014. currently lacks any child care services. long time, hasn’t been recognizing,” Six months into her studies, The report also recommends that

4

News

News Editor: Ethan Cabel Contact: news@themanitoban.com / 474.6770

International students hit the streets Demonstration planned to protest fee hikes, GPA requirements in engineering ETHAN CABEL, STAFF

for the Canadian Federation of Students-Manitoba.

“They don’t seem responsible anymore toward international students, they are only responsible for getting as much cash out of international students as they can get.”

The recently passed 2015-16 U of M budget includes a hike in the tuition fee differential for international undergraduate students, who will have to pay between 10 and 18 per cent more in tuition this year depending on their academic program.

International graduate students were also subject to a fee increase, with their fee multiplier increasing by 10 per cent. Together, the two fee increases give the university $7.6 million in new revenue this year.

The fee hike comes as the uniPhoto from 2014 protest versity has trimmed $14.4 million PHOTO BY ZACH FLEISHER from the operating portion of its $701 million budget, leading some niversity of Manitoba interna- international students to lament the tional students are planning a quality of education at the U of M. massive demonstration outside the Mujtaba Abdul Jalil, a fourth-year Fort Garry administration building electrical engineering student and the July 30 to protest what they view as international students‘ representaunfair treatment in everything from tive for the University of Manitoba tuition fees to entrance requirements Students’ Union points out that the for the faculty of engineering.

U of M is consistently low on rank“The university is just treating ings of the U15 group of Canadian international students as cash cows,” research universities.

“One of the reasons given for the said Muhammad Jazim, international students’ commissioner fee increase for international students

U

was that they were comparing the fee dents than domestic students apply- population at the entry point and with other U15 universities,” Jalil said. ing for admission into the faculty of then sort of stay stagnant when it “Those universities have a high engineering. comes to quotas for the faculties.” percentage of international stuThere are five program streams Representatives from the U of M dents, their rank is either stagnant in engineering, each with their own faculty of engineering could not be or improving because the quality differential requirements. The lar- reached before press time. of education is improving, whereas gest gap is in civil engineering, where However, in statements made University of Manitoba is going domestic students can gain admission during a university senate meeting down. It has gone down every year.” with a 2.94 GPA in University 1 while in June of last year regarding the The university maintains that international students must earn a GPA differential, U of M engineerthe fee increase is necessary to bring GPA of 4.13. ing dean Jonathan Beddoes defended international student fees in line The faculty of engineering con- the policy and said that University 1 with those of most other Canadian sistently admits more international students were given plenty of advance universities. students than the U of M‘s 10 per notice about the requirements last “International students are very cent enrolment total. This year, year.

“The admission policies for interimportant to the University of international students made up 13.69 Manitoba,” said John Danakas, per cent of total offers issued by the national students have not changed executive director of marketing and faculty. recently, but have been in place for communications, in an interview last In July 2014, international stu- more than 30 years,” he said, adding month. dents organized a protest on campus that the faculty’s general policy is to “The University of Manitoba has railing against the GPA requirement, favour domestic students, who are been traditionally less expensive than which they characterized as unfair. either Canadian citizens or permacomparable universities.”

They are organizing around the issue nent residents. again as more students are turned “A full year before applying the GPA requirements away or struggle to gain admission. existing university policy students In addition to the tuition fee According to Jalil, the GPA dif- were reminded of this policy. That issue, international students will be ferential leads to a situation where this policy existed was communicated protesting the differential in GPA many international students attend to students with announcements in requirements for domestic and University 1 without knowing about courses during the winter term of international students applying for the strict differential in engineering 2013 and through many emails and admission to the U of M faculty of admission requirements or the prefer- meetings.” engineering after University 1. ence for domestic students in faculty The faculty of engineering main- admissions. tains a GPA differential, ensuring “I see University 1 accepting so that entrance requirements are many international students,” he said. much stricter for international stu“I don’t see why you increase the

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

News

5

New LGBT engineering scholarship U of M alumnus and partner donate funds for LGBT engineering students LAUREN SIDDALL, STAFF

T

he LGBTTQ* community has 36 credit hours toward their degree, the time as gay – had only positive seen massive steps toward inclu- have a minimum GPA of 3.0, and things to say about his experience sivity and equality over the last sev- have displayed leadership skills with during his studies at the U of M. eral years in Canada and around the an emphasis on community service.

“I was part of a good class group, “I have a strong sense of the need many of whom have had notable sucworld, including at the University of Manitoba. to protect and foster the underdog, in cesses. I had some memorably good And thanks to U of M alum- this case LGBT engineering students. professors. It was tough work, and to nus Jeff Kushner and his partner As well, I want to foster excellence, this day I remain very proud of having Randall McGinnis, the U of M has hence the dual requirements of dem- graduated as an engineer,” he said. taken another step in the form of a onstrated academic excellence and “There was a surprising degree of scholarship for LGBT students in leadership potential,” Kushner said. diversity in our class, though at the engineering – the first of its kind at “While there are targeted schol- time engineering was no different arships and bursaries available for than society as a whole with regards the U of M. The scholarship, approved by other uniquely defined groups, none to inclusivity where LGBT people the senate committee on awards on existed for LGBT students. At least were concerned. I am pretty certain June 24, is designed to recognize and until now.” that things have changed a lot in encourage LGBT students in the facUMSU’s Rainbow Pride Mosaic this regard, but I am also reasonably ulty of engineering. coordinator Steven Anderson is also certain that further opportunities Kushner – who graduated with a pleased to see the faculty headed in remain.” bachelor of arts as well as a bachelor a more inclusive direction. of science in mechanical engineer“I think the new scholarship is Welcoming women? ing, and served as president of the fantastic. LGBTTQ* students often Although the faculty of engineerUniversity of Manitoba Students’ face a challenge in feeling safe and ing’s vision statement specifies an Union in 1985 – credits much of his comfortable in many classrooms and “aim to provide engineering programs vocational success to the university faculties. I think a scholarship would [...] whose participants reflect societal help not only the students financially, diversity especially with respect to and wants to give something back.

“I do my best to put in as much but also raise awareness about the gender balance,” the faculty has low as I take out, and if circumstances importance of providing a safe learn- female enrolment and a reputation permit, to put in more than I take ing environment for all students on for harbouring an exclusive, maleout,” Kushner said. campus,” said Anderson in an email. dominated culture.

“I think this scholarship defi“The University of Manitoba fac“It’s a well known fact that there ulty of engineering provided me with nitely sets a precedent for other fac- is a greater percentage of male stumuch of my foundation [...] now it’s ulties around campus. I would love dents relative to female students,” said my turn to return the favour.” to see scholarships available to all André Marchildon, senior stick of the The scholarship is offered to LGBTTQ* students in all faculties.” University of Manitoba Engineering While the faculty is infamous for Society, the students’ association for self-declared LGBT students who are enrolled full-time in engineer- culture of heterosexual male domi- engineering students. ing, have completed a minimum of nance, Kushner – though not out at “Currently in engineering at the

PHOTO BY LAUREN SIDDALL

U of M there are 20 per cent female students, which is an encouraging improvement considering the percentage of female students in engineering in 2008 was only 14 per cent.”

With plans to create a more balanced population – and Engineers Canada aiming to have female engineers account for 30 per cent of registered professional engineers in Canada by 2030 – initiatives like the LGBT scholarship are steps in the right direction, according to John Beddoes, dean of the U of M faculty

of engineering.

“A part of the fabric of gender balance are those that identify as LGBT and we aim to have these students appropriately represented in the faculty of engineering,” Beddoes said.

“I’m pleased that this new award directed to LGBT students will help us work toward gender balance. It is just one component of a series of efforts within the faculty of engineering to achieve our vision.”

Funding slashed for Manitoba Institute for Policy Research Discussions with government continue, outcome uncertain ETHAN CABEL, STAFF

T

he Manitoba Institute for Policy eight months, and was ultimately events for provincial civil servants. to have discussions and to become Research, a provincial public pol- not funded,” the institute wrote in The institute also conducted origi- more informed about issues facing icy think tank out of the University of a statement. nal research, including a website on Manitobans and Canadians,” said Manitoba’s political studies depart“A follow-up request for bridg- financing post-secondary education. Andrea Rounce, associate professor ment, has halted most of its activities ing funding is still in process with It published two academic journals, in the department of political studafter its funding dried up last month. the government ies at the U of M The Manitoba Institute for Policy of Manitoba and and the academic “It's entirely possible that there will be a Research (MIPR) has been a fixture with the office director of the in the province’s public policy circles of the vice-presiMIPR. Manitoba Institute for Policy Research for the last four years, facilitating dent research [...]

According to that continues on, but it's unclear at debates and networking opportuni- While all involved Rounce, the instities for policy wonks and interested have expressed tute will seek to this point what it will look like [and] individuals. support for the continue its work what its mandate might be” – Andrea For the past four years, MIPR has activities underon the journals been funded through a Manitoba taken by the instiand post-secRounce, academic director, Manitoba government grant that was then tute, MIPR will ondary education Institute for Policy Research matched by the U of M’s office of the not continue in its website. vice-president research, the depart- current form, with However, all ment of political studies, and the its current activisocial activities faculty of arts. ties or purposes.” including the undergraduate peer- have came to an end as of June 30 The latest two-year funding agreeAmong its central activities reviewed Manitoba Policy Perspectives and the MIPR, which once had a ment ran out on June 30, with the included three monthly outreach Student Journal and the policy sec- complement of two staff and three various parties failing to renew funds events: the Policy, Pizza, and a Pint tion of the Manitoba Law Journal: research assistants, will no longer be for the institute. events at the Winnipeg Free Press Underneath the Golden Boy. a campus employer.

“This request [for funding] was dis- News Café, the Café Politique series “The institute did a fantastic job of “There were certainly lots of cussed within various departments at McNally Robinson Booksellers, bringing together academics, practi- opportunities for students to build of government over the course of and the Take Away lunch and learn tioners in public policy, [and] citizens networks and skills and to apply some

of the research that they were doing to more real world connections, so it is a loss from that perspective, for sure,” Rounce said.

Rounce remains hopeful that the MIPR will be able to continue with some of its operations going forward and may receive funding renewal from the province and the university once current discussions between the various parties reach a compromise point.

“There are still discussions that are ongoing between the university and the government of Manitoba,” Rounce said.

“I am not part of those discussions, but they are ongoing so it’s entirely possible that there will be an MIPR that continues on, but it’s unclear at this point what it will look like [and] what its mandate might be.”

7

Editorial Editor-In-Chief: Craig Adolphe Contact: Editor@themanitoban.com / 474.6770

Keeping your head in the game Concussions a major risk for proud football players MIKE STILL, STAFF

GRAPHIC BY BRAM KEAST

P

laying football can be different things to different people.

For some, it’s an escape from the real world, a way to release frustration and anger in a controlled environment. For others, it’s a much needed adrenaline rush, letting the endorphins flow freely.

One way or the other, the game can be very beneficial to the wellbeing and mental state of those who participate.

I can speak firsthand to the benefits and joy to be had from the sport.

I started playing football at the age of seven and was hooked immediately.

I loved the strategy and planning that was involved. I loved the one-on-one battles between opponents, with each trying to get the better of the other.

Most of all, though, I loved the hitting. It gave me such a euphoric feeling, and sense of accomplishment to stop the opposition dead in their tracks.

I played football for 10 years, winning two provincial championships in the process. I would still be playing today if concussions hadn’t stopped me dead in my tracks.

If you didn’t lose consciousness, it’s not that bad, right?

I got my first concussion when I was still fairly young. At age 10, I was participating in an indoor football camp in the winter. The practices were held in a gym and during one of the tackling drills, I landed fairly

hard on the back of my head. Because The only thing that runs through there was no turf to “cushion” my fall, my mind if I have to get taken out my head bounced off the solid ground, of a game is that I’m letting my team and snapped back up. down.

I had some minor dizziness and nausea, but it went away after about Most of these players four days. I thought nothing of it, assuming I was just dehydrated. I banked their whole continued to compete in the following two days of the camp despite still lives on the game having neck pain. While I didn’t get of football. Once it any worse during that time, I know now that my brain was taking a seriis taken away from ous beating. them, it’s hard to What I failed to realize until my doctor told me later down the line find happiness in was that most concussions occur anything else without a loss of consciousness. In fact, at no point in time have I ever lost consciousness after getting a concussion, and I’ve now had 13 of them.

The culture of toughness plays Most football players are fairly a part in that decision. There’s an stubborn when it comes to leaving expectation that if you show any sign the game due to injury. I used to want of weakness to your opponent, they to stay in the game after an injury will pounce on the opportunity to get and my former teammates were the the better of you. You have to pretend same way. Unless it involved a limb at all times that you are fine and able being amputated, and even in that to perform. case, they’re probably not going to This is exactly what I did. I never exit the field. displayed any form of pain while on The problem with head injuries the field. If I was hurting, I did it in specifically is that there isn’t any silence, and away from my teammates. outward visual sign, such as with a I realize now that it’s caused me a lot broken arm or leg, that anything is of suffering, and has taken the game wrong. The majority of the time, it that I love away from me. falls primarily on the athlete to tell I am lucky though. I’m still standtheir trainer or coach that they aren’t ing here today. I partially credit my feeling well. best friend for that.

As players, we have a lot of pride.

He took me out of a game durWe don’t ever want to leave the game. ing my senior season – a game that

to this day I don’t remember playing in – because he knew something was wrong. I will be forever grateful, because if he hadn’t who knows if I’d be able to share this story.

For amateur athletes, not showing pain on the football field has to do with pride. But eventually, your future becomes more important, and you learn to back off.

For professionals, it’s a different story. It’s their livelihood, and what they do to survive and make a living.

else.

The other piece that is interesting about this has to do specifically with CTE. Since it cannot be diagnosed until after the athlete is already deceased, there isn’t a lot that can be done to help.

These athletes have built their whole lives around toughness. Even if they are suffering from depression, or experiencing suicidal thoughts, there’s a very slim chance that they will want to share that information.

CTE related to concussions

What’s next?

A study published in 2012, in the journal Brain, looked at the prevalence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE in NFL players.

CTE is a progressive degenerative disease, which can unfortunately only be diagnosed after death, and is linked to major brain trauma and multiple concussions. Many of the athletes diagnosed with CTE have committed suicide.

Of the 35 professional players whose brains were studied, 34 showed evidence of the disease.

There are a few key points to bring up based on these findings.

The first is a question. Why did so many athletes feel the need to commit suicide? While this question cannot be answered easily, I believe it has to do with despair.

Most of these players banked their whole lives on the game of football.

Once it is taken away from them, it’s hard to find happiness in anything

The final question is: what can be done to help athletes who may be suffering from CTE, or post-concussion syndrome?

In April of this year, a U.S. judge approved a settlement which is expected to cost the NFL US$1 billion over the next 65 years in order to resolve thousands of concussion lawsuits.

“Awards” of up to US$5 million could be given to athletes diagnosed with Parkinson’s or Lou Gehrig’s disease in their 30s or 40s, or whose deaths are linked with CTE. While this is great news, and a step in the right direction, it doesn’t solve any of the on-field concerns.

Player safety must be taken far more seriously. This could be addressed by requiring all players to undergo weekly concussion testing. While this seems overbearing, it’s the only way that athletes will be forced to swallow their pride.

Comment Comment Editor: Evan Tremblay Contact: comment@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

8

Greek referendum: pride over pragmatism?

‘No’ vote brave but shortsighted CÉDRIC GOUSSEAU

GRAPHIC BY EVAN TREMBLAY

“No” to a deal with creditors. “No” to abandon the euro and print its own are reminded of a flaw inherent to to further austerity measures. It currency, reverting to the drachma. referendums: when public opinion is appears that after five years of dras- This will leave then no choice but to expected to be broadly split, it boils tically declining wages, ever-growing exit the Eurozone (the community down to a large-scale marketing unemployment and a rapidly con- of states using the Euro as currency) contest. tracting economy, hope is finally on – a rather frightening scenario called It is much easier for the Greek the horizon. But is this sense of hope the “Grexit.” government to convey a message to well-founded? its own people via a relatively wellGreece is a proud country, and I liked prime minister than for creditbelieve that national pride almost cer- The disparity ors and EU leaders to do the same. tainly interfered with voters’ capacity “No to austerity” also happens to be a between the best for rational decision-making in the catchier phrase than “Yes to staying referendum held on July 5. Standing in the Euro.” and worst case up to oppressive European Union Although unlikely, it is plausible to (EU) leaders and cash-hungry creditscenario is significant, conceive a future whereby an agreeors certainly seems honourable. But ment is reached between Greece and and it is doubtful this thinking may have eliminated the other members of the Eurozone, Greece’s best shot at stable economic propelling Greece to economic that “no” voters recovery. recovery. In the seemingly inexorwillingly signed up Greek Prime Minister Alexis able Grexit scenario, the “heroic” Tsipras has made it abundantly clear voting results may one day prove to for this level of risk that he disagrees with the bailout have been a major catalyst to Greece’s conditions outlined by his country’s financial downfall. creditors, urging his countrymen to I believe that voters may have Either way, it is no stretch to vote “no.” It must be said, though, lacked the foresight and economic conclude that the decision to vote that a prime minister’s wishes do not knowledge to rationally evaluate the “no” may have had more to do with necessarily align with the best inter- long term impact of a Grexit. In the national pride, which has a tendency ests of his people. A prolongation short run, it would carry many bene- to be short-sighted, than with longof tough austerity measures reflects fits: the removal of austerity policies term economic well-being. poorly on a government which has would have an immediate effect, and been vocally critical of them, which a heightened sense of pride and hope means Tsipras has an incentive to act would temporarily drive happiness to end austerity measures. and national unity.

The outcome of the referendum In the long run, however, a Grexit has numerous implications, some may eventually lead to a slow recovof which may not be fully grasped ery. Or it could launch Greece into by the average Greek citizen. A fur- economic oblivion. The disparity ther bailout agreement is unlikely to between the best and worst case scenmaterialize in the future, seeing as ario is significant, and it is doubtful Greece has just rejected a relatively that “no” voters willingly signed up for this level of risk. fair compromise.

Without a bailout package, Examining the events leading Greece will almost certainly be forced up to the referendum on July 5, we

Imbalance at UMSU Balance of powers essential to functioning student government JORDYN LERNER

T

here’s a power imbalance within express any concerns it might have. the University of Manitoba There are also situations where the Students’ Union (UMSU) between executive expressly seeks council’s UMSU Council and the executive. approval, such as expenditures of Though council is supreme in theory, $5,000 and over. in actuality, the executive holds the In practice, the executive holds all power. The tail wags the dog. the power. Executive members are On paper, the executive is account- full-time officers of UMSU. They can able to council. The University of devote their entire day to furthering Manitoba Students’ Union Act their agendas. They can utilize the assigns council to manage the busi- expertise of UMSU staff to develop ness and affairs of UMSU. The act large-scale plans and proposals. Most makes no mention of an executive importantly, the executive controls and assigns it no specific powers. the flow of information to council.

Council, as laid out in the Bylaw In contrast, council members Manual, creates the executive and are student volunteers with heavy gives it certain responsibilities. As a academic commitments. They lack creation of council, the executive is the time and expertise to adequately subservient to council. scrutinize the executive’s proposals.

The supremacy of council is seen How many council members could in many UMSU formalities. For fully dissect the executive’s plan to instance, the executive submits spend $64,500 to build UMSushi, or regular reports to council detailing $78,000 for a freestanding electric its activities. Council has the oppor- sign on University Crescent? tunity to question these reports and The executive seeking council’s

approval is just a formality because council lacks the ability to properly challenge them.

When council rubberstamps executive proposals, it’s not doing its job The executive can justify their power because of their democratic mandate. Each executive member is elected by popular vote. The will of the executive is the will of the majority. The executive is elected based on a campaign platform which students expect them to deliver.

But council, too, has a democratic mandate. Council members are elected as representatives of student associations, constituency groups, and affiliated student organiza-

tions. Although larger student associations elect more representatives than smaller student associations, the formulation of council ensures that smaller student associations have meaningful input. The structure of council protects the interests of minority groups against the tyranny of the majority.

How can council reclaim control of UMSU and the executive? Ideally, each council member would be fulltime, just like the executive currently is. Of course, the cost of salary and benefits for over 40 new employees is fiscally unworkable. Furthermore, it’s unfair to ask 40 students to disrupt their studies and devote a year towards UMSU. While council can never have as much time to spend on UMSU as the executive, it is possible for council to have staff expertise just like the executive has UMSU staff expertise. Council can hire its own

policy analysts to scrutinize proposals from the executive, and provide councillors with an informed second opinion. This independent analysis would provide councillors with all the facts they need and help them to fully understand the issues instead of just voting along with the executive.

When council rubber-stamps executive proposals, it’s not doing its job. The University of Manitoba Students’ Union Act intends for council to remain supreme. Council needs to take charge and take UMSU back from the executive. It won’t be easy for a volunteer council to compete with the time and staff expertise of the executive, but it can be done.

If UMSU is to function as it should, the dog needs to wag the tail.

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

Comment

9

Peace, bound Federal use of peace bonds shows alarming lurch towards totalitarianism EVAN TREMBLAY

PHOTO BY CAROLYNE KROEKER

O

n June 4, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) descended on a Charleswood home.

They took into custody Aaron Driver, a young man who in February was interviewed by the Toronto Star about his conversion to Islam and support for ISIS, as well as his experience with CSIS, Canada’s spy agency, taking interest in his Internet activity.

The RCMP executed a warrant and took the man into custody so that he could be “asked” to sign a peace bond.

No criminal charges were levelled against him, and none are expected.

No charges, and yet this man’s liberty is restricted. He is being punished for expressing his political opinion: in this case, support for a foreign group. It should not, in a free society, matter what this group does.

We are all entitled to support whom we choose and to give voice to that choice. To listen to our conscience and act upon the things it tells us about the world. If we do so without violence, there can be no case for the use of government force against us. In a free and just society, the use of government power to punish individuals for speaking their beliefs, no matter how unpopular, is oppression.

Such oppression is becoming more common in Canadian society. We should all be familiar by now with the muzzling of federal scientists and the Canadian Revenue Agency’s investigations into various charities (mostly environmental in focus) which are critical of the Harper government.

That same government recently enacted subtly reworded hate-speech legislation (“national origin” has been

added to “race” and “religion”) that expanding what it defines as a “ter- terrorism.” or against anyone, we must recogcould apply to groups advocating a rorist group,” which may now include Canada is blessed with a peaceful nize what kind of power it is. It is peaceful boycott of Israel – groups environmental groups who protest history, and a proud tradition of plur- not a power that allows dissent, that which include the infamously paci- oil pipelines, and broadening what alism. I grew up being told that the promotes dialogue. It is not a power fistic Canadian Quakers and shame- it considers “support” to potentially world yearned for and learnt from our willing to err on the side of caution, lessly progressive United Church of include merely voicing the opinion, example as a peaceful society which or even to err on the side of justice.

Canada. in private, that such acts may have worked hard to celebrate differences. It is not a power that is often seen in This growing trend of suppres- moral justification.

But Canada equally must remember liberal democracies, or in any democand learn from the histories of other racy, where the government serves the sion of free speech has entered into an alarming new stage. Peace bonds, countries. We should look with heavy will of the people, who must someIn a free and just hearts to the countries that fell to time surely doubt its good judgement, previously little-used, and then usually against sex offenders released into fascism before the start of the Second whatever their reasons. We should society, the use of the community and considered a high World War. recognize it as a totalitarian, and not risk to reoffend, are being issued to History shows that this is how democratic, wielding of power. government power a new class of citizens: citizens that fascist systems expand their power Totalitarianism is a dreadful thing. to punish individuals the government believes may, at some and cement their hold on govern- It should not be allowed to grow. If point in the future, commit a crime. ment: they begin by restricting the it does, it will bear (as it always has for speaking their In the name of preventing these liberties of those who are disliked, in the past) the fruits of oppression, beliefs, no matter future crimes (I do not know whether and are already seen as enemies by censorship, cruelty and suffering. to shiver or marvel at the cruelty of the larger society. People who, when Fascism comes of it, and we are foolhow unpopular, the concept of “future crimes”) these they are locked away, or have their ish if we think that a democratic govbonds revoke an individual’s freedom liberties stripped, will not be missed. ernment which tracks the every move is oppression of movement, assembly, speech, and But there is no internal mechanism of a citizen who spoke against it will association. of control once a government begins not, given the chance, grow into a If the government does not like Terrorists become extremists. to police the political views of its fascist state. Budding fascism should what you say on the Internet, you will Extremists become radicals. Radicals citizens. be opposed because it is fascism, not not be allowed to use the Internet. If become sympathizers, and so on.

Driver was released on bail after accepted because it occasionally locks the government does not like who you These measures will be used against 8 days of being held without charge. up people we don’t like. talk with, it will remove your right to more and more Canadians, with The conditions of this bail – again, speak to them. If an individual breaks less and less justification. We must remember, the man has committed First they came for the Socialists, the conditions of a peace bond, they confront, unpleasant as it is, the real no crime – have no place in Canada and I did not speak out— can be immediately arrested. Peace, possibility that these powers will go or any other nation whose people are Because I was not a Socialist. so long as you do as you are told, with from being used against those who proud to call themselves free. These Then they came for the Trade jail as the stick. support a group, to those who do not conditions include a 9-6 curfew, not Unionists, and I did not speak out— As things stand, the issuing of support a group. owning a computer, not using social Because I was not a Trade Unionist. peace bonds is restricted to people The current government is not media sites, wearing a GPS tracking Then they came for the Jews, who are vocally supportive of ter- given to considering such fine dis- bracelet at all times, and submitting and I did not speak out— rorist groups, or whom the RCMP tinctions as that between supporting to “religious counselling.” Failing to Because I was not a Jew. believes are at risk to commit an act terrorists and not supporting the meet any of these terms will see him Then they came for me—and there of terrorism. But we must remember Harper government. The office of arrested. was no one left to speak for me. that the legal definition of terrorism Public Safety Minister Steven Blaney, Whether or not we agree that this - Martin Niemöller is much broader than it used to be in commenting on Driver’s arrest, said use of government power is justified, Canada. The government is vastly that the government “must combat against this particular individual

Science & technology 10 Science & Technology Editor: Chantelle Dubois Contact: science@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Eye of the storm U of M students chase tornadoes for credit CHANTELLE DUBOIS, STAFF

students involves getting up around 7 a.m., eating breakfast, and then analyzing publicly available data from sounding stations and satellites. Once their analysis is complete, the groups decide which targets they will pursue.

PHOTO PROVIDED BY BROCK TROPEA

S

tudents in GEOG 4670: Severe Thunderstorms – Storm Chasing and Field Techniques, took part in a storm chasing trip across six states this summer.

The course, which is offered once every two years and has no prerequisites, is offered to all students and to the public, giving anyone the opportunity to learn about weather systems and partake in the exciting trip. Only permission from the department head is required to enrol.

The course comprises three weeks of in-class study, followed by one

week on the road. In the classroom, students learn about the basics of weather, storm formation, and how to analyze real data using various methods.

Once the in-class portion is completed, students leave to the USA where they split into groups, each led by an instructor or professional, and chase storms. The students this summer departed on June 20 and visited South Dakota, North Dakota, Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska, and Montana.

A typical day on the road for these

“We never got into real danger, and there was no real damage, but we were what we call ‘dancing in the bear cage’” – Brock Tropea, student from the faculty of environment, earth, and resources In each vehicle, everyone has a specific role. These include the driver, the navigator, and the radio operator who communicates between the teams. All other passengers are observers. A radar is used to keep up to date with new data.

Brock Tropea, an undergraduate said Tropea, referring to the tornastudent from the faculty of environ- does and small twisters they were ment, earth, and resources, was a stu- encountering. dent in GEOG 4670 this summer, During the trip, the students and says that he has always had an saw various types of storms every interest in weather and climate. He day, and even saw four twisters in a had no second thoughts about par- single chase. “A lot of professionals ticipating in a storm chasing course. sometimes don’t see this many twist“I’ve always personally been inter- ers on one day,” says Tropea. “The ested in weather. It’s a childhood fact I was able to see that many on fascination, and I happen to enjoy my first day out was pretty insane. I the raw power and beauty of nature. feel very lucky.”

When you look up at this puffy little The students even had the opporcloud, and all of a sudden it explodes tunity to meet Sean Casey, who with energy, [...] it’s humbling and was on the road with his Tornado beautiful to look at.”

Intercept Vehicle. Casey is a filmTropea acknowledges that while maker who has been professionally the students’ experiences chasing chasing and filming storms for 12 storms were nothing like what you’d years. see on television, there were some Tropea believes that being able to moments where he felt a little anxious. apply theoretical knowledge to data “You can really feel the power of and see the real world results has been these things. If you are standing in an incredibly valuable experience. the right spot, you can either feel “This trip gave me a new perspecthem sucking the air from behind you, tive and has helped me become a or if you are standing in the down- more skilled meteorologist [with a] draft from the outflow, you can feel better understanding of atmospheric the air blowing the other way.” dynamics,” he said.

“We never got into real danger, and there was no real damage, but For more information on this course we were what we call ‘dancing in the and its offerings in the future, contact bear cage.’ We say that ‘anywhere in the course instructor Gordon Anderson the bear cage, there could be a bear,’” by email at jander@cc.umanitoba.ca

The science behind Jurassic World The movie was a blockbuster hit, but was the science a bust?

SOPHIE FIOLA

W

GRAPHIC BY BRAM KEAST

hen the film Jurassic Park was traits: a long tail, a toothless, beaked Aaron Kilmury, a geological scireleased in 1993, debates were head, and arms with claws instead of ences student from the University of raised about the scientific accuracy wings. By the time these traits have Manitoba, shared his opinion on the behind the film. This year’s summer been recreated, he will have what is accuracy of the film. He believes the blockbuster sequel, Jurassic World, is essentially a small velociraptor com- dinosaurs were mostly correct, but plete with feathers. with a few key errors. reigniting the debate.

The film’s premise revolves around “Jurassic World shows the velocirapthe creation of the genetically engitors to have both eyes on the sides of their heads, but when Chris Pratt or neered Indominus Rex, a genetic In reality, recreating hybrid of multiple dinosaur species, another dinosaur jumps in front of dinosaurs is cuttlefish and tree frog DNA. In them, they don’t turns their heads the film, the inclusion of this foreign at all,” Kilmury explains. “Steven implausible DNA allows the dinosaur to acquire Spielberg had the head movements due to the very multiple strange abilities. of the velociraptors right in the first In reality, recreating dinosaurs is movie.” nature of DNA implausible due to the very nature of The marine reptile shown in the DNA. DNA degrades even under film, Mosasaurus, was portrayed as an ideal conditions. In a cool, sterile Horner’s team is already a portion impressive, shark-eating, dinosaurenvironment, DNA could poten- of the way there; the mechanism to fighting monster. In reality, according tially last up to one million years. In generate the toothy snout has been to Kilmury, the Mosasaurus shown in comparison, dinosaurs disappeared elucidated by Matthew Harris, a the movie was almost double the size 65 million years ago. However, creat- molecular biologist from Harvard of the largest known mosasaurid. The ing a genetically engineered dinosaur Medical School. The most difficult movie did get one small detail almost is probably a lot more feasible than feature to complete so far has been right: the extra set of teeth on the roof recreating an ancient dinosaur. the generation of a long tail. Horner of the reptile’s mouth.

Jack Horner, the real-life pale- estimates that the “chickenosaurus” Kilmury says, “Although extra ontologist and museum curator could be complete within a decade. care was taken to show the extra set of who served as inspiration for one of Genetically modif ied dino- teeth, the number of teeth is actually Jurassic Park’s main characters, is cur- saurs aside, how many liberties did incorrect. Fossil mosasaurid skulls rently working on recreating a dino- Hollywood take in recreating iconic typically have two rows of six teeth. saur using chicken embryos. dinosaurs such as Tyrannosaurus Rex, The movie incorrectly showed a row The premise of his research Pterosaur, and the film’s iconic pack of of three teeth and a second row with revolves around recreating three key Velociraptors? two teeth. To make matters worse a

very unnecessary extra row of ‘regular’ teeth were added behind the frontal row of ‘regular’ teeth, which makes no sense at all!”

When the trailer for Jurassic World was released, many paleontologists were disappointed by the dinosaurs’ lack of feathers. In the film, geneticist Henry Wu explains that the dinosaurs in the film were engineered not to have feathers, as they were more visually appealing without them.

Kilmury considers this “a dreadful excuse not to use some imagination.”

“Showing feathered dinosaurs would have been an excellent opportunity to show the public some of the more recent research that universities are doing on the topic,” he explains, “I can only dream that feathered dinosaurs will be featured in all their mighty feathery splendour in the near future.”

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

Science & Technology 11

It pays to be picky

Science briefs Bite sci-zed science stories JEREMIAH YARMIE

New research finds picking the right partner can make you more successful LAUREN SIDDALL, STAFF

GRAPHICS BY JUSTIN LADIA

A white-nosed problem

Results of recent laboratory and field work show that a soil bacterium can inhibit the growth of a fungus which causes a deadly and devastating disease in bats.

White-nose syndrome is an infectious disease caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans. The disease is named after the white fungal growth which appears on the muzzle of infected bats. The disease has decimated North American populations in recent years.

In 2012, researchers from Georgia State University first noted that the bacterium Rhodococcus rhodochrous inhibits the growth of the white-nose fungus in the lab.

This bacterium has recently shown promise in protecting wild bats from acquiring this disease as well.

The infectious fungus first poked its conidia in caves on the east coast about five years ago, and has since rapidly spread.

Unfortunately, it seems as though it may be too late to save the east coast bat population, but there is hope that western populations can benefit from R. rhodochrous protection.

P. destructans prefers colder environments like those found in areas where bats hibernate in the winter.

The fungus colonizes the skin and wreaks havoc because the immune system of a hibernating bat is nearly dormant.The infection eventually causes death by dehydration and the depletion of caloric fat stores.

What’s lurking in cat poo

Toxoplasma gondii is my favourite infectious agent. This is because this cat-dwelling parasite has the ability to change minds.

The definitive host of T. gondii is the domestic cat. Cats typically shed these parasitic protozoans in their feces, and from there they are passed further to other individuals.

If these parasites infect rodents like rats, something interesting happens: the rats become less scared of our feline friends. By altering the rats’ behaviour, the parasite can be reunited with the host in which it can reproduce through the form of a self-sacrificed meal.

Since humans domesticated cats long ago, it’s no surprise that the parasite is very common in our populations. It has been shown that T. gondii infection in humans is associated with slight behavioural changes like increased aggression and impulsivity, behavioural changes similar to those seen in rats.

Researchers have been investigating the relationship between T. gondii infections and schizophrenia for decades. A recently published paper analyzed a previously unpublished survey from the 1980s consisting of data collected about cat ownership and mental illness, including schizophrenia.

The results of the analysis were similar to a 1995 study and a 1997 follow-up study which both show an apparent association between cat ownership early in life and the development of schizophrenia later on. The increased risk was found to be about two times greater in this recent study.

The researchers urge others to use these findings as the basis for experiments into the causal relationship between Toxoplasma infections and schizophrenia.

There are some hypotheses which attempt to explain the relationship between the parasite and schizophrenia. One such hypothesis includes parasite-production of the neurotransmitter dopamine, increased levels of which is thought to contribute to the onset of schizophrenia.

Restoring radial symmetry

Researchers have discovered a new way in which certain marine animals can carry out self-repair.

For humans, losing a limb is permanent, with no chance of regeneration. When it comes to non-human animals, self-repair is a much more common and diverse happening, especially in marine life. Some animals, like certain starfish, can easily regenerate lost limbs.

The newly discovered process, called symmetrization, involves the restoration of an ordered body plan after disruption to it caused by damage.

The studies were done on ephyra, juvenile individuals of Aurelia aurita also known as moon jellyfish. These ephyra have a body plan known as radial symmetry – the same kind that a pinwheel or a sunflower has – consisting of a centre disc with eight arms projecting from it.

The researchers carried out amputations of the ephyra’s arms and observed how they reacted to this dismemberment.

Instead of regenerating the arms like a starfish might, the jellyfish instead reorganized their remaining arms in a way that restored their radial symmetry.

This reorganization was surprisingly done without the creation of new cells or destruction of old ones.

The reorganization was instead driven by the actions and rebuilding of the animal’s muscular system.

This limb reorganization can quickly occur in just a couple of days. Interestingly, jellyfish that went on to reorganize themselves in a proper way were able to fully mature into adults.

The restoration of a symmetrical body plan is essential for the survival of the jellyfish. Their locomotion depends on precise flapping of their evenly distributed and symmetrical arms. If they can’t move, they can’t eat. So it goes.

Predators often cause this kind of dismemberment. Sea turtles are particularly good at munching on jellyfish – an average adult eats more than 200 jellies a day.

GRAPHIC BY JEN GOERTZEN

Most people say they have a type Most researchers believe part– an image of the sort of person they ners who rank high in agreeableness find themselves attracted to consis- tend to facilitate career success, and tently. Some people are attracted to their theory has been backed up by athletes, some people prefer musi- several studies. In this study, howcally inclined partners, and others ever, they found that workers with are simply looking for people with the highest level of occupational blue eyes. What most people do not success tended to have a spouse consider is their significant other’s who scored high in the conscieneffect on their success in the work- tiousness domain – regardless of place. But maybe they should. whether the working partner was New research fresh out of male or female.

Conscientiousness, in this case, Washington University in St. Louis, by psychology researchers Joshua refers to the way in which people Jackson and Brittany Soloman, control, direct, and regulate their found that not only does your sig- impulses. Individuals who rate nificant other dramatically affect high in conscientiousness are selfyour life at home but they also disciplined, aim for achievement, play a major part in your career and act dutifully. These people are prosperity. organized and dependable, provide The recently completed study reliable support, and are skilled at followed roughly 5,000 married managing and planning their lives. individuals, about 75 per cent of Therefore, through their actions whom were dual-career partners, and attitudes they are able to creranging in age from 19 to 89, over ate an environment to facilitate the course of five years. Participants occupational growth and success. took several psychological tests at According to Jackson, the small the beginning of the study to gauge tasks and occurrences at home inditheir scores in five basic domains of vidually do not effect job perforpersonality: openness, extraversion, mance, but rather the accumulation agreeableness, neuroticism, and of daily interactions and experience. conscientiousness – also known as Having someone reliably replace the “Big Five” inventory. the toilet paper roll or make cofThe “Big Five” questionnaire fee every morning can profoundly poses several self-reflective state- affect your vocational prosperity. ments and requires the participant “The experiences responsible to state how strongly they agree for this association are not likely with the statement. When the isolated events where the spouse questionnaire is complete, the par- convinces you to ask for a raise or ticipant is placed on a continuum promotion,” said Jackson. for each broad factor, resulting in “Instead, a spouse’s personality an extremely detailed and accurate influences many daily factors that analysis of their personality, so long sum up and accumulate across time as the questionnaire was answered to afford one the many actions nectruthfully. essary to receive a promotion or a Participants of the study also raise.” completed measurements of occuNext time you’re perusing a pational success by tracking on-the- Tinder profile or on a first date, job performance, job satisfaction, subtly (or not so subtly) find out salary increases, and the likelihood how conscientious your potential of receiving a promotion through- partner is – maybe you’ll be the next out the entirety of the study.

Warren Buffett.

Features Features Editor: Dana Hatherly Contact: features@themanitoban.com / 474.6520

12

Travel feature Tensions, trials, and tribulations of tourism DANA HATHERLY, STAFF

GRAPHIC BY BRAM KEAST

This page, and the seven pages experience, comes into question. following, feature various individPopular obsessions to travel to ual travel stories every corner of the world are submitted by the Popular Manitoban’s edipaired with newtors, former and found curiosity obsessions to current University for uncovering the travel to every of Manitoba stutreasures in ones’ dents, and one own backyard. corner of the professor who The establishworld are paired organiz ed a ment of bureaurecent travel writcratic routine is with newfound ing contest held challenged by curiosity for jointly at the U embracing limof M and the inal experience uncovering the City University of encountered Hong Kong. through travel. treasures in ones’ T he bat t le Policies in the own backyard between being public’s best intera generic tourist est are countered and travelling to by costs of inditake in the local culture and cuisine vidual freedoms and community in order to gain the “most genuine” interests.

Top-down, internationally imposed standards are weighed against bottom-up, locally derived solutions to struggles.

Students recall their memories and personal connections to the university’s Service-Learning Experience and Icelandic Field School.

Grounded in culture, history, human rights, political and corporate development, social and economic struggles, and the environment, manifested uniquely in each author’s expression of their own experience, we will go on explore the very essence of travel writing from very different points of view.

We are all tourists An exploration of the frivolous distinction between traveller and tourist LAUREN SIDDALL, STAFF

GRAPHIC BY BRAM KEAST

The term “tourist” connotes images of sweaty, overweight men wearing terribly tacky Hawaiian shirts and fanny packs stuffed with Pepto Bismol and antacid tablets

Pedestrians pour over the perfectly tedly cutting them off, I am struck by Tourists are oblivious, while travmanicured grass and onto the street, this indescribable disdain for tourists ellers are conscientious. obstructing the cars attempting to – for their catalogue smiles that magiTourists naively overpay for drive by. Everyone seems to move at a cally appear whenever a camera is “authentic experiences,” while travglacial speed; no one has anywhere to raised, for their desultory movement, ellers naturally stumble upon them. be. Even the cars seem to move slower for their obsession with finding the Tourists travel to escape the world, as they make their way up the gentle “hidden treasures” that only the locals while travellers travel to be a part of it. incline that eventually ascends into know about, for their need to docuThe difference is so minimal, so the peak of the mountain. ment every minute detail no matter insignificant, yet the distinction Everyone is outfitted with a cam- how insignificant. between travellers and tourists someera fastened to their neck, their index And then I realize: I’m a tourist, how manages to permeate the percepfingers prematurely fixed on the shut- too. tion of travelling. ter release.

Everyone, myself included, strives Tours have sprung up globally, People sporadically start and stop to be the furthest thing possible from promising the most authentic experiduring their saunter, striking the a tourist when we travel. The term ence available – creating a paradoxical same pose in front of every alleged “tourist” connotes images of sweaty, concept of synthetically fashioned landmark – but still ensuring the overweight men wearing terribly authentic adventures. Companies mountains maintain their glorious tacky Hawaiian shirts and fanny have created tours specifically for presence in the background of every packs stuffed with Pepto Bismol and travellers, claiming to offer a oneframe. Photographers wait for a break antacid tablets because their inexpe- of-a-kind experience while neglecting in traffic – which will never come – to rienced digestive systems are unable the fact that their special tour is availappear as though they are the only to process the local cuisine. able for anyone privileged enough to people privileged enough to have Rather, we all like to think of our- travel. This creates a spurious elitdiscovered that particular location. selves as travellers, effortlessly assimi- ism for tourists who think, and claim, Between photo shoots, beaming faces lating into the local culture and being they are not tourists. settle into disgruntled semi-frowns mistaken for a resident of the exotic The only difference between the while they scout their next location. place we temporarily inhabit. We love two classes is their conceptualization; Everyone idles with no regard for the idea that we are so incredibly cul- there is no measurable, empirically the wave of people encroaching, act- turally aware that we cannot possibly testable difference. ing like rocks in a tumultuous river be contained to one city, or country, There is no ceremony during rushing downstream. or continent. which you are officially bestowed I dart in and out, sidestepping the The distinction between the two the coveted title of traveller. The multitudes of sightseers, too caught almost identical and completely arbi- categories hold no tangible power. up in sharing their individualistic trary tiers is essentially the notion All these arbitrary labels do is create experience with the world through that tourists observe, while travellers another platform to facilitate inequalthe convenience of their phones – experience. ity and fuel new campaigns for tourist somewhat defeating the purpose of Tourists leave with a tan and a companies. the entire trip. thinner wallet, while travellers gain The reality is: we are all tourists.

As I zigzag around them, admit- valuable insight and life experience.

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

A change in perspective Exploring the world is an opportunity to explore yourself CHANTELLE DUBOIS, STAFF

The term wanderlust is defined in would figure out a way to talk myself the Oxford Dictionaries as “the strong out of it.

I made the jump to purchase a desire to travel,” but I feel as though it is more than just that: wanderlust plane ticket from an online travel is a contagious, and potentially life- site. I remember exactly where I was altering, condition. when I made the purchase, and I All dramatics aside, it is a common remember my hands shaking after desire within my immediate social I authorized the purchase on my circle – and perhaps my generation credit card. I have no idea why I had as a whole – to go out and explore as such a violent, physical reaction to much of the world as possible. this purchase. To think that I now The ideal conditions for wander- had a relatively significant financial lust to thrive vary. obligation to get on a plane to cross For me, curiosity has been the the Atlantic caused a type of anxiety main driving force behind my urge I had never experienced before. to explore wherever, and whenever, The rest of the term went by possible. Curiosity about what a place quickly. My flight left the morning looks like, smells like, what the local after I wrote my last final exam, and cuisine tastes like, what amazing I soon found myself checking in at pieces of human history or natural the Winnipeg airport. I had flown wonders exist beyond my Winnipeg domestically several times before, backyard. but never internationally. My first Symptoms of wanderlust first leg of the trip was from Winnipeg to started to appear when I was in high Toronto, then Toronto to Frankfurt, school. I had several opportunities to and finally Frankfurt to Italy.

Another memory I will never fortravel in the United States, going as far south as Kentucky. get is lifting off from the tarmac at However, these places never the Toronto Pearson International seemed far away enough from home. Airport, knowing that when I landed My family never went on exotic it would be the first time I landed on trips, my school did not offer school a different continent. trips to Europe, and as a high school I was too excited to experience jetstudent it was not possible for me to lag. Or maybe my circadian rhythm hop on a plane overseas alone. was just very out of sync because I For a while, I was convinced con- had just finished pulling several alltinent-hopping would have to wait nighters during final exams. Either until I at least finished my university way, I landed in Venice in the morndegree. Time and finances did not ing, met with Lisa, had lunch, and make overseas travel particularly immediately took to exploring the convenient. city.

The first opportunity I had to I have travelled a few times since travel overseas came suddenly and then, but no trip has felt as surreal or as magical as Italy had. I think I was was almost recklessly decided.

My best friend, Lisa, had been just overwhelmed by the novelty of hired as an au pair in Venice for three it all. Drinking cheap Italian wine, months in 2012. Au pairs are typi- wandering the softly lit Venetian cally young adults who are provided streets, peering into the canal from room and board and sometimes a the Bridge of Sighs, standing in small wage in exchange for childcare buildings older than the country I and some household chores. She left came from.

I was in Italy for less than a week, for Italy near the end of September with plans to come home shortly after but managed to travel from Venice to Pisa, Florence, Cinque Terre, and Christmas.

I never considered being an au pair back.

We slept on train floors – we as an option. I am not particularly experienced with children and find took the late train thinking we them overwhelming. As well, a fear could sleep on it instead of bookof temporarily leaving my life behind ing a hostel, but the train ended up prevented me from taking on such a being packed, so our only option was the floor. We cried together in major and distant commitment.

Instead, Lisa shared stories about some sort of lemon tree farm – the her new, short-term living arrange- towns on Cinque Terre are on steep ments, and frequently sent photos slopes, and because it was off-season of her life on the other side of the we couldn’t find an open hotel, and were just very exhausted and overAtlantic.

One day she suggested I come whelmed. We climbed onto rocks and to Italy for Christmas. I could stay ledges that hung precariously over with her, and we would spend as little the Mediterranean Sea, just to get a money as possible travelling from the good photo.

We made it back in time to spend east coast of northern Italy to the west coast, and back.

Christmas with Lisa’s host family.

The only major thing I had to Dinner consisted of more courses than I can remember, each made with worry about was my airfare.

It was one of those decisions that I local seafood and paired with more didn’t want to think too much about. wine and grappa than I’ll ever need If I thought too much about the trip I to drink again in my life. Lisa and I

made eggnog as our North American contribution to the dinner. The children were weary of the beverage, and the adults immediately asked if they could add alcohol to it.

At midnight, we partook in the tradition of the children hiding in the bedroom, counting down, and coming out to find Christmas gifts left for them by Babbo Natale, the Italian version of Santa Claus.

One conversation I remember having, that I will always remember, was when Lisa and I were speaking to one of the family members, who was about our age, about our visit. At some point he said, “I think you’ve seen more of Italy than I ever have, and I’ve lived here all my life.”

I had only seen a relatively small part of Italy, but found so many incredible things.

Then I realized: I haven’t explored a lot of Canada. What am I missing in Canada that overseas explorers experience? There must be lots.

Since Italy, I have been fortunate enough to visit friends living in Egypt and the United Kingdom. Every new place brings a new perspective and a new appreciation of where I come from. I always come back and look at home completely differently, almost like I forgot to take off my tourist glasses.

Exploring Canada is becoming more of a priority to me. In 2014, I travelled east of Winnipeg for the first time outside of an airport connection. I spent some time in Toronto and Ottawa, and consider the former city to be one of my favourite places in the world.

I feel like travelling has made me a braver and more humble person.

Braver, because I can think of few experiences that force you to confront the unknown in quite the same way; more humble, because the world is bigger than I could ever know and I will never see it all.

But at the same time, the world isn’t that big at all. People, no matter where they are, share similarities that transcend continents, borders, and languages.

To me, wanderlust is more about exploring yourself than exploring the world, as my perspective of myself has changed just as much as my perspective of Canada.

That understanding led me to a new definition of wanderlust: “The strong desire to travel; to explore your soul as much as you explore the world.”

Features

13

To me, wanderlust is more about exploring yourself than exploring the world

Then I realized: I haven’t explored a lot of Canada. What am I missing in Canada that overseas explorers experience?

If I thought too much about the trip I would figure out a way to talk myself out of it

People, no matter where they are, share similarities that transcend continents, borders, and languages

PHOTOS BY CHANTELLE DUBOIS

14

Features

Features Editor: Dana Hatherly Contact: features@themanitoban.com / 474.6520

Lotus-eater vibes A certain kind of travel EVAN TREMBLAY

GRAPHIC BY EVAN TREMBLAY

It goes without saying that British Columbia is rotten with hippies.

Especially in summer, when the gentle people travel from many provinces and countries to attend a string of festivals, the Canadian expression of the flowering West Coast electronic festival scene.

Here are some thoughts from my thesis notes, exploring the sacred elements in the landscape architecture of psytrance festivals.

At the bottom of a gorge, a river roars smoothly by. People sit in small groups on the rocks shaded by cliffside forests. Some talk and laugh softly in French, some play instruments, some stare out at the water.

The smell of tobacco and weed mingle in the air, floating up to the tents and mandalas stretched between tall pines at the top of the steep trail that winds down to cool rocks.

Sylvan and peaceful, yet there is a heavy vibe in the air. Everyone present is focused on the moment – they are all of like mind. Hitchhiking is easy, as the locals are getting used to the sights of what I would describe

as a series of interlinked modern pilgrimages: life is good.

Pilgrimages are holy because the journey takes on the character of the destination. The number of people travelling to, from, and between fes-

year, becoming richer with meaning and memory, as traditions bloom slowly into spiritual significance.

The binding element – and goal of their individual pilgrimages – is the dance floor. Not a club and not available for the price of a ticket, this dance floor is a shared ceremonial space in which to enact rituals of sanctity.

The smell of tobacco There, lulled to group consciousness and weed mingle by ecstatic dance, repetitive bass beats, and entheogenic sacraments, in the air, floating the weary soul rests and is renewed.

Leaving, the participants are fortiup to the tents and fied to enact their shared vision of mandalas stretched life in the world beyond the space delineated for the sacred – souvenirs between tall pines taken home from the shrines of saints.

These souvenirs are seen in attitudes and in lived choices.

Comfortable clothing, beautiful tivals in the summer is great enough, jewellery and tattoos, useful camping and has been going on long enough, tools and light tents. A willingness that a particular style and community to try going without, and eagercan be felt. For many of these travel- ness at the chance to do more with lers resting by that river, the same less. Experience eclipses all physical journey – at least to the same ultimate things in value – to be in beautiful destination – is repeated year after places, with beautiful people, doing

beautiful things. To share the gentle knowledge of the sanctity of the world, by seeing the sacred in all things, and hopefully, to spread it.

The joy, exuberance, and community which began its life at festivals slowly seeps out into the landscape around it, instructions waiting to be read.

Each new visit by one of these travellers to a new dance floor is a chance to share experience, ideas, and

A willingness to try going without, and eagerness at the chance to do more with less hopes, fortifying and strengthening the community.

The festivals have workshops on ecological living, arts, and spiritual practices. Outside the work-

shops, participants are happy for the chance to learn from each other, to be inspired by each other. There is a palpable willingness to achieve personal growth, and the almost universal practice of dance, object manipulation, and meditation as acts of leisure.

There is a shared understanding that the richness of the journey contributes to the splendour of the destination, and the tongue-in-cheek knowledge that, for real travellers, the festival is everywhere, and the journey is replete with the sweetness of its end. The travel to the destination is undertaken to enrich that destination; once the destination is reached, the experiences and beauties known on the path to it can be shared with other travellers through dance, and as artful living.

There is an undercurrent of hope that, someday, somehow, the wider culture of the West can be made into an image of this lived truth, and that travelling holds the key to coming home.

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

Features

15

Snapshots from the Road CAROLYNE KROEKER, STAFF

This summer, I joined local band Sc Mira on keys and vocals. As a member of the band, I had the opportunity to go on a three-week tour through parts of Canada and the United States to promote our new EP, Waiting Room Baby. This tour gave me the opportunity to travel to Toronto, New York, and cities throughout Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and central Canada. We met old and new friends along the way, who were sometimes kind enough to let us use their shower.

THERE'S A FIRST FOR EVERYTHING KENORA, ONTARIO

ROOFTOP PARTY TORONTO, ONTARIO

SMOKEY NIGHT SOMEWHERE IN SASKATCHEWAN

DOWNTOWN BEACH PARTY TORONTO, ONTARIO

GLOBAL GUEST HOUSE TORONTO, ONTARIO

CATCHING SOME ZZZS SOMEWHERE IN PENNSYLVANIA

NIAGARA FALLS ONTARIO

CENTRAL PARK NEW YORK, NEW YORK

CENTRAL PARK NEW YORK, NEW YORK

DRIVING HOME SOMEWHERE IN ALBERTA

16

Features

Features Editor: Dana Hatherly Contact: features@themanitoban.com / 474.6520

Lost Luggage Reflections on the international travel writing contest LUCAS TROMLY

PHOTO BY CAROLYNE KROEKER

My decision to organize “Lost riences as a tourist. My wife grew political, particularly when it takes Luggage,” a travel writing contest up in Hong Kong, and over the past them to mainland China. between students at the University ten years I have spent a lot of time The following two entries were the of Manitoba and City University of there. I’ve learned a lot about this winners of "Lost Luggage" 2015. The Hong Kong, came out of two preoc- fascinating, difficult city, but have Hong Kong City University winner cupations: one scholarly and the other done so from the position of an out- is Maya Shuchang Yu, who is in her personal. sider, though one with lots of connec- final year in the English department.

First, as someone who teaches and tions. I wanted to learn how people The University of Manitoba winner is writes on the subject, I was curious from Hong Kong feel when they are K.R. Morgan, an Honours student in about how students in Winnipeg and tourists – maybe to ease my anxiet- English, Film, and Theatre.

Hong Kong approached the central ies about the limitations of my own I hope readers will enjoy all of themes of travel writing. How did touristic knowledge. this year’s submissions and encourthe authors describe people they met I was very pleased with this year’s age everyone to look for a new round while away? What motivated their “Lost Luggage” entries, which span of submissions next year. trips in the first place? I was particu- a range of literary registers, from larly interested in how the partici- memoir to fiction. I have tentatively Lucas Tromly, organizer of the “Lost pants’ sense of having a placed self become aware of differences between Luggage” travel writing contest – of having an identity grounded in the two groups of contributors: while held over the 2015 winter term, is an a region, city, or community – was authors from Winnipeg write about associate professor in the departtroubled or expanded by travel. travel in a way that is more abstract ment of English, film, and theatre Second, I looked to this project and prone to fictionalizing, for Hong at the University of Manitoba. to get perspective on my own expe- Kong students travel is more directly

Business as usual K. R. MORGAN

Everything loses beauty with overexposure.

Even the sunrise becomes devalued when one sees it constantly with tired eyes from the seat of a 747.

Cycles repeat: flowers die and new ones rise, as the earth spins eternally around a globe of gas and flame.

When an event happens more than once, it is no longer an event,

but rather another addition to the around me. succession of things that one is forced And yet it all blurs into each other. to experience before one dies. *** My life has been filled with many I remove my passport and boardsuch rotations of experience: when ing pass from the inside of my jacket, one set ends, another begins. Always and roll up my newspaper. there remains this illusion of new“Now boarding f light number ness, as if somehow this job will be AC846 to Munich,” murmurs a different or the place that I’m in will woman over the intercom. I work my alter the way the system of life works way through the throngs of people toward my gate.

Every airport has the same exhausted vacationing families, bickering lovers, and men and women in suits, holding their newspapers and coffee in preparation for their business trips.

I make my way to my first-class seat, ducking under the curtain which protects me from the people who paid for their own places on the same machine. My place is clearly better because taxpayers covered the cost.

All is sweeter when it comes for free. *** At times, novel experiences seem imminent. The illusion of progress seeps into every action, every word.

In my line of work, it is important to follow a routine; newness is dangerous.

Our flights leave at the same times, the destinations are secured upon arrival.

My job deals with maintenance – of order, of peace, of reputation.

There are teams of people who make sure that everything I do follows the plan and nothing can disrupt the order that we have created.

The plan, the plan, the plan.

Everything has been orchestrated.

All is safe.

PHOTO BY CAROLYNE KROEKER ***

Upon arrival in Munich, the first When I began this position, class passengers disembark before “business trips” – as we have vaguely everyone else. labelled them – were a source of I join the group of appointed excitement for me. security officers – both the ones who I would make sure that I had accompanied me on the plane and the scheduled time to admire the sights ones we met at the airport – and am of each city. I wanted to experience led to my transportation. the world, and representing my counWe arrive at the hotel: eat, sleep, try in international meetings was the wake up, and eat. perfect way to visit the most influential places on the planet.

It didn’t take long for the trips to become tedious.

Oceans and beaches The destinations began to blur into look the same on one another. Oceans and beaches look the same on every continent, and every continent, man-made structures are no longer and man-made impressive when they’re compared to every other man-made structure. structures are no Once you’re required to keep the company of intimidating security longer impressive personnel, even tourist traps lose their when they’re appeal as you draw more attention to yourself. compared to *** every other manI spend four days in Munich, before exchanging formal goodbyes made structure and professional pleasantries with my companions.

I go to a full day of meetings with I return to the airport – which various people, and we talk about the looks just as generic as every other same things we always do. The most one – and wait for my chance to important people flew in from their embark on my flight home. respective cities at the same time I We take off, and I stare blankly at did, and we will all leave around the the sun, which arises to bid me adieu. same time.

My eyes hurt, and I slide the window We pretend that we will change panel closed. policies and the general order of Home will be the same as any things, and that we’ll come up with other place. solutions for the various problems that we have gathered to discuss.

Ten brains are better than one.

We fulfil our expected roles, then disband and return to our allotted hotel rooms across the city. ***

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

Features

The smog MAYA SHUCHANG YU

“What do you want?” Ian looked at enjoyed being the focus of my parents suddenly very upset. me, as direct as his question. and I didn’t want to share their love Then nobody said anything for a I didn’t know him at all. with anybody. But somehow, I felt while.

I came with Justus, whom I met obliged to put on this pitiable look, “I think what Maya wants to say is, from the class “USA Today and to meet a social expectation. sometimes individual freedom canTomorrow.” I took it to substitute my “Having no say on how many chil- not be the sole principle. It is a tricky core course “American Literature and dren you want? That’s crazy,” Ian was question when freedom is up against Culture” back at my home university. getting excited. starving babies and poverty.”

Justus took it as an optional module – I’d actually never thought about Justus tried to ease the tension. he was a social science student. it that way.

Ian shook his head.

We came for a drink and thought “You’re probably right. My mom “I don’t get it.” He looked at me. we’d talk about our presentation on always wanted more children,” I said. “First you said you want choices, but legalizing marijuana. This is, after all, That was true; my mother loved kids. seems to me there’s nothing to be an ideal place for such a thing.

“See, that’s what I am talking changed.”

I noticed Ian once I entered the about,” he said triumphantly.

I was tongue-twisted. The converbar. He was Latino.

After taking a long drag, Justus sation made me exhausted. I found Berlin was very international, but handed me the cigarette. He slightly my eyes fixing on Ian’s super long behind a rusting iron gate hidden tilted his chin, meaning that I should sideburns. I wondered how far we in an abandoned building, this bar take a drag. were from monkeys. Justus got up to was not. He stood out the same way I told him the other day that I get another beer. that I did. had never smoked in my life. It was “There are things to be changed, I ignored his constant glances, but very considerate of him to offer this, lots of things,” I finally said, “but I eventually he came over. especially when a stranger was sitting don’t know what, and I don’t know “I want to have choices,” I said. with us. how.”

“I assume you are not a big fan of “It is cigarette, right?”

I ended up making a confession to “Yes, it is,” Justus chuckled. a person I knew for 20 minutes. the Communist Party.” Ian smirked.

When Justus came back, Ian had “Not a big fan, but not a hater In hopes of covering up my clumeither.” siness, I imitated him and took a long already left. He proposed to exchange “You just said you want choices,” drag. Then I started coughing like numbers, but I said I was leaving he said. He was being provocative. an idiot.

Berlin in a week. Of course, I didn’t “Look, what I’m saying is, it “You inhaled too much,” Justus tell Justus this part.

“I was hoping he would leave us at would be nice to have some options said to me earnestly. to choose from. I might still choose He then turned to Ian and some point,” Justus said. the Communist Party, but that would explained, “She never smoked before.”

“Is it normal here,” I asked, “for be an active decision.”

It was so very considerate of him. people to invite themselves over?”

I sounded like an activist.

“This is so embarrassing,” I could “It happens sometimes,” Justus I took a glance at Justus – he was barely utter a sentence. chuckled. “I am sorry that you had concentrating on rolling a cigarette.

“No, no. This is normal.” Both to talk about China all night. It must “You know what I really don’t of them were eager to express their have bored you to death.” understand?” he asked. understanding.

I felt many things that night, but He didn’t wait for my response.

“This is exactly why we travel, to boredom was not one of them.

“That one child policy thing.” try out different things,” Ian com“Not really. I seldom talk about He was probably expecting my forted me. things like this.” amazement at his knowledge of “How does it feel?” Justus asked.

“You don’t?”

China. But I just nodded. Not that “No. I guess it’s part of Chinese “Like torture,” I said. It was actuI didn’t want to satisfy his pride; I ally not that bad. philosophy. We are taught to be satissimply didn’t know how to answer.

“Only at first,” Justus said. fied with what we have.”

“Are you the only child?” he They both laughed.

“That’s interesting,” Justus said, continued.

OK, enough on me smoking. thoughtfully.

“Yes, unfortunately.” I gave a bit“I get the point of implementing “I find it very hard to express what ter smile. the policy, though.”

I think.”

It was funny though. Whenever I turned to Ian and said, “There “Those are difficult questions,” I told people in Berlin I was the only are too many people in China, and Justus said. child, I spontaneously put on this that causes severe problems.”

“Wanna try again?” miserable look, as if I was a victim “But in sacrifice of human rights?”

“Sure, why not?” I took another of the policy. In fact, I was a big Ian stared at me. long drag. supporter.

“I think you are too used to labelI never felt lonely in my childhood, ling China. Everything China does GRAPHIC BY BRAM KEAST as many would have presumed. I violates human rights, right?” I was

“This is exactly why we travel, to try out different things”

“There are things to be changed, lots of things.

But I don't know what, and I don't know how”

17

18

Features

Features Editor: Dana Hatherly Contact: features@themanitoban.com / 474.6520

City girl gone bush Reflecting on food struggles in the old mining community of Leaf Rapids ELYSSA CHAN

PHOTOS BY ELYSSA CHAN

It’s been just over one month since an exclusive group of people who The answers to seemingly “straightmy return from a five-week place- were granted this special status forward” questions about food secument at a boreal garden working because of an extraordinary bond rity, food sustainability, and food with the Grow North Corporation – one that they earned. Now, that sovereignty are still perplexing to me. in Leaf Rapids. As a participant particular group has become more I have come to realize that during in the University of Manitoba’s open for me. my time there, I only scratched the Service-Learning Experience, I Don’t get me wrong: each one of surface of these major issues. On the learned about some of the chal- my oldest, closest friends remains last day of our trip, my new universpecial to me. sity friends and I realized this, as lenges faced by Each bond is we were chasing our last northern this northern u n iq ue a nd sunset. community and solutions that To address such issues regarding could never be I do not believe they have develsubstituted. But the consumption and production that I would now, I am sig- of food, I have learned that unique oped in response to their local nificantly more circumstances and particular chalhave begun to open to engag- lenges facing communities must be food struggles. understand the This buildup ing with new looked at. of problems people I meet My experience in Leaf Rapids struggles faced by over the years and hea r ing has changed my life forever. I know in Leaf Rapids their stories. that. My passions have shifted; my residents of Leaf has severely The biggest personality has changed. I am askRapids, without impacted the thing I learned ing different questions, learning new residents and about commu- things. having stayed their opportuPersonally, I believe it is for the nit y developthere and learned nities for food ment in Leaf better. security, food Rapids was that Since working on the boreal about their stories sustainabilonce I cared garden in Leaf Rapids, I have been ity, and food about a place fortunate enough to continue my and its people, learning by taking on the University sovereignty.

Upon returneverything of Manitoba Students’ Union’s caming to Winnipeg, it was a ridicu- changed for me. A deep passion for pus garden programmer position. lously smooth transition getting others was tapped.

This way, I have had the opportuback into the regular pace of my Typically when I saw my clos- nity to continue gardening, as well est friends get hurt or mistreated, it as sharing my knowledge and paspre-departure life.

Even though things at home made me furious. I would defend sion with fantastic volunteers and remained basically the same, I have them. But I never knew that I could passersby. personally been changed by my time feel so upset and defensive about Moving forward, I’m excited for spent working with the community injustices against someone I had met the ways this experience will shape on the garden in the old mining fairly recently – let alone an entire my future.

To other students who are considtown. The most obvious transfor- community.

Building these irreplaceable ering participating in these types of mation is that I’ve become a city girl bonds has led me to retain a deep service-learning trips: just go for it. gone bush.

My perspective has changed on attachment to Leaf Rapids. I con- I can almost guarantee that particihow to spend my free time. Now, I tinue to wonder about the people pants will leave with a lot more than love spending time in nature. I’ve there and the challenges they are expected, including a new perspeceven been begun planning some still faced with. To understand food tive on their own life and the lives camping trips with my friends, sustainability issues on a textbook of others. which is something I never would level seems quite straightforward.

The University of Manitoba prohave considered before my trip. A However, the reality I witnessed newfound love in Leaf Rapids vides access to a variety of local and for gardening was much more international service-learning procomplicated. grams through Student Life. These prohas also been To address such uncovered.

Food issues, grams offer opportunities for students issues regarding and responses to participate in innovative approaches Spending time with plants is like boreal gar- to education that integrate community the consumption dens to counter service work with activities designed extremely relaxing for me. these problems, to develop skills for public engagement, and production Besides conare part of an critical thinking, and intercultural of food, unique amazingly communication necting me with my love for the complex situacircumstances tion. Rooted in outdoors, it and particular systemic issues, has changed and intertwined my perspecchallenges facing with local and tive f ur ther. communities must provincial matPrior to this ters in politics service learnbe looked at ing experience, and cultural community identity, these development are just a few of was not on my radar as an interest. the various factors contributing to Before, I believed people should the complexity. be generally friendly to everyone I do not believe that I would have they meet, but the interaction begun to understand the struggles stopped there. I believed that the faced by residents of Leaf Rapids, only ones who truly wished to under- without having stayed there and stand someone – their perspective learned about their stories. I have – were the ones who were already never felt so frustrated – with the closest to them. government and the general situaTo me, one’s closest friends were tion at hand – before this experience.

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

Features

19

One student tells all Recollection of the Icelandic Field School 2015 CORI KULBABA

PHOTOS PROVIDED BY CORI KULBABA

With so many new things to do, city and into the Westfjords, using see, eat, and experience, travelling tunnels and ferries, and traversing can be exhilarating. over terrifying mountain roads, until The University of Manitoba finally, we arrived at Holt.

This small former schoolhouse in Icelandic Field School was unique because it gave students the oppor- the middle of a fjord became our new tunity to try new and exciting things home. Students plunged into experiin Iceland. Participants experienced encing this “other Iceland.”

Iceland in a way regular tourists would never get the chance to.

The showers smelled Iceland is a funny country when it comes to tourism, because the majorlike sulphur, and ity of people who visit there only stay in Reykjavik, the capital and largest we had to hang city. The Icelandic Field School 2015 dry our underwear started out in Reykjavik, which was a great way for students to find their in the hallways legs in this new country.

It is a beautiful city, and the 24-hour daylight Iceland experiSome artists travelled with the ences in June gave us what felt like school to the Westfjords, and those of a lot of time to explore the city and us who stayed at Holt became family. get to know each other. Guesthouse We cooked meals for each other, went Odin became home between trips swimming as a group in the evenings to museums, galleries, and for mid- in nearby towns, and spent our days night waffles. The showers smelled together at the University Center like sulphur, and we had to hang dry of the Westfjords in the nearby vilour underwear in the hallways. lage of Ísafjörður. Surrounded by Everything we encountered was a the beauty of the Westfjords, and new and exciting adventure. immersed in the Icelandic language, Phase two of the field school was medieval literature, and each other, a totally different journey. this is where the bulk of our field Cars were rented, bags were school memories were made. packed. We drove away from the Moving to our next home in

Hrafnseyri wasn’t too difficult.

Still in the Westfjords, we slept in a traditional turf house there. We hiked up and down local fjords and poured our hearts and souls into our assignments. We explored towns in other fjords and saw everything from steampunk festivals to abandoned artists’ houses. Our days became one big road trip, which allowed relationships between students and instructors to flourish in some cases, and wane in others.

Leaving the Westfjords was more difficult.

By the time we reached our third stop in Akureyri, the accommodations felt less like home – more like we were just staying there for a few days. Our stay there sped by, in a myriad of waterfalls and other natural sites, punctuated by a few slow moments, like an afternoon which turned into an evening with newfound friends at the thermal pool in the Lake Myvatn zone.

The artists and one of our instructors discontinued their travels with us. Relationship dynamics shifted yet again. This was the most difficult part of the trip for many.

Driving back to Reykjavik was emotional for most of the group.

Morale was low when we finally

returned to the capital. The city felt different now.

Somehow the group dynamic shifted back to where it all started the first time we were in Reykjavik.

Those of us who stayed at Holt became family We had few scheduled activities once we settled back in. Our assignments were due, but the group still found time to experience a house party and night club, thanks to our teaching assistant who had spent several years living and studying in the city.

Walking home through the stillbright streets at 4 a.m. is something I will not soon forget.

Guesthouse Odin felt very much like home, once again. The sulphur smell in the showers seemed less intense, and the group became extremely tight as our last few days approached.

The final reunion dinner was an emotional experience. Many of the guests who we encountered along the way were in attendance.

Our last night together was even more emotional. At this point, the trip has become less about the country and more about each other.

And then we start to depart.

A few of us left each hour. My last morning was spent walking around the city with my closest friend from the trip.

Saying our goodbyes as the airport shuttle driver watched wasn’t how I hoped things would end.

I know I wasn’t the only who cried on the drive to the Keflavik International Airport.

Arriving back in Winnipeg, feeling the difference in weather and climate as I walked out of the airport, it hit me like a pile of bricks: I missed Iceland in a more tangible way than anything I have ever missed in my life.

Travelling to a new country was exciting. But experiencing a new country as a field school experience was particularly exhilarating for me.

The Icelandic Field School 2015 provided students with an incredible opportunity to visit another country, learn a little bit of the language, and experience the contemporary and medieval culture Iceland is known for – and far more.

Diversions Graphics Editor: Bram Keast Contact: graphics@themanitoban.com / 474.6775

ILLUSTRATION BY BRAM KEAST

20

ILLUSTRATION BY CAROLINE NORMAN

IVORY BUFFALO THE

Making the grade Researchers discover link between marks and how much professors hate you MURV BERKLEY, STAFF

New research from the University of Waterloo has found a link between students’ grades and the degree to which their professors hate them.

Researchers sat in on hundreds of classes at six major Canadian universities and rated professors’ hatred for individual students based on the facial expressions they made while listening to the students speak. Students were each assigned a number on a scale from one to seven to identify how much contempt the professor had for them, with higher numbers representing increased contempt. These numbers were then compared to students’

grades at the end of the semester. grades include the season, which “What we found is, students explained five per cent, and amount who elicited signs of thinly veiled of time spent studying, which rage from their professors – usu- explained two per cent. ally manifested through rhyth“I think the big takeaway here is mic nodding, constricting pupils, that if you’re performing poorly in and pursed lips – are more likely one of your classes it’s almost certo receive lower grades,” said tainly because your professor has an Gwendolyn Fairbanks, professor unjustifiable vendetta against you,” of behavioural psychology at the said Fairbanks.

University of Waterloo and lead “Don’t waste your time studying researcher. or working on your assignments.

The research team was able to You’re much better off dropping the explain 78 per cent of variation course and trying another section in a students’ grades through the in a later semester with a professor professor’s level of hatred towards who doesn’t hate you – maybe sumthe student. Other factors which mer session.” affected the variation in students’

21

Arts & Culture Arts & Culture Editor: Seamus Hamilton-Pattison Contact: arts@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

José González re-sharpens his claws Critically acclaimed Swedish singer-songwriter plays Winnipeg Folk Fest, releases new album IAN T.D. THOMSON

O

ne of the highlight perform- been sort of doing the same, writing, different tricks of producing and mixers at the 2015 Winnipeg Folk recording and touring,” González ing,” said González.

Festival was singer-songwriter José explained to the Manitoban.

The outcome of González’s work is González. Having released his third “From my point of view I haven’t Vestiges & Claws. The ten-song album album Vestiges & Claws in February of been taking any breaks.” feels like an expansive continuation of 2015, González took the main stage Between solo albums, he con- González’s two previous solo releases on Saturday around 9:30 p.m. with a tributed to the with the songs still stripped-down set of his solo material. soundtrack of the heavily focused on “Of course it’s José González is an indie-folk 2013 film The Secret González’s talents singer-songwriter from Gothenburg, Life of Walter Mitty, on the classical a break from Sweden. González gained popularity sta r r ing Ben acoustic guitar. with his 2003 debut album Veneer, as Stiller. González The six-minute my solo career part of a new group of popular folk performed four track “What Will” but for me artists such as Bon Iver and Iron & tracks which were is among the more Wine. However, González uses an present at key notable on the as a person, I especially distinct playing style. He moments in the album. The song have been sort fingerpicks a classical nylon-string film as the charstarts off with guitar, often in a continuous loop- acter of Walter a deep, pulsing of doing the ing riff. González’s music is perfused Mitty travelled drumbeat and with his soft, shy-sounding voice. to various exotic guitar riff. Picking same – writing, Notable releases include his 2003 locations. up midway with recording and cover of The Knife’s “Heartbeats” and a faster beat, Going back the 2007 track “Fold.”

González’s guitar into the studio touring” – José González’s 2015 album marks to record his solo grows heavier as González his return after seven years since his album, González he sings the album last full-length album: 2007’s In Our chose not to go title: Nature.

“Vestiges and with an outside When asked about this long break producer. This was a conscious deci- claws/Free your mind/To leave between albums, González said he sion by the songwriter, who picked dogma behind.” never saw the seven years as a hiatus, up techniques from other producers As one of the performers at this having kept busy during the time over the years. year’s Folk Festival, González felt between albums.

“I felt like it was fun to do it on his music was a good fit for the event “Of course it’s a break from my solo my own. I had already done a couple alongside other indie-folk artists such career but for me as a person, I have of recordings where I tried out the as Edward Sharpe & the Magnetic

Zeroes and Dan Mangan.

José González’s third album, “I am really looking forward to Vestiges & Claws, was released in it [...] I have heard that it is a great February of this year and is availfestival and the focus on folk music able on iTunes. For more informafits me well.” tion, visit jose-gonzalez.com Touring in support of the new album, González has been performing with a five-piece band to recreate the music. His Folk Fest performance marked the first time González had performed a stripped-down show whilst touring the new album.

PHOTO PROVIDED BY MALIN JOHANSSON

What’s your Fringe Fest fancy?

A sampling of plays to look out for at the 2015 Winnipeg Fringe Festival SEAMUS HAMILTON-PATTISON, STAFF

F

rom July 15-26, Winnipeg’s Exchange District and the venues that surround it will play host to the 17th annual Winnipeg Fringe Festival. The Fringe Festival provides an outlet for both local and touring theatre companies to present their productions at a number of venues across Winnipeg’s urban centre. The companies selected to appear in the festival are allowed total artistic freedom and receive the entirety of the revenue generated from their productions’ ticket sales.

After reviewing the current year’s lineup, the Manitoban has reached out to five theatre companies for comment on the plays they will be presenting at this year’s Fringe with the hope of providing a sampling of sorts – as well as the companies’ own descriptions of their art – for new and seasoned festival-goers alike.

American story-teller and writer Randy Ross is bringing his one-man show, The Chronic Single’s Handbook to the festival for its debut performance in Winnipeg. Ross told the Manitoban his play was based off his own life experiences and his unpublished novel about a “chronically single guy who takes a trip around the world looking for the woman of

his dreams.”

Ontario, and are bringing their stylisRoss admits that the show is “not tic mash-up XOXO: The Relationship for everyone,” as it includes mature Show to Winnipeg directly following content and features Ross’s “personal the Toronto Fringe Festival. opinions about love, sex, marriage, and paying for a hand-job,” but concludes that the show “should be a “So much of our good fit for adventurous Winnipeg show is shaped by Fringers.”

Touring company Sizzle and the audience and Spark bring another comedic, mature all the wonderful, production to Winnipeg’s festival.

Described in the troupe’s press release unexpected things as a “theatrical adult clown show,” the play features a couple desperate to that happen in live spice up their love life with secrets theatre” – Jacqueline from an ancient document known only as the “Sama Kutra.” Performer Russell, Fringe Jacqueline Russell described the play Festival performer to the Manitoban as “sexy, naughty and hilarious,” noting that the show is subject to a degree of improvisation with each performance.

The plot of XOXO is centred on “Because we are clowns, no two the concept of dating and relationshows are ever exactly the same. ships “from a funny, feminist point So much of our show is shaped by of view.” The two actors use a varithe audience and all the wonderful, ety of genres to get their message unexpected things that happen in across, combining “the honesty of live theatre”, Russell said. stand-up comedy, the theatricalMeghan Chalmers and Franny ity of a Shakespearean tragedy and McCabe-Bennett make up the the bone-chilling horror of an R.L. entirety of the touring theatrical Stine novel in a queer-positive and company Two Juliets. They hail from gender-inclusive sketchy comedy/

theatre hybrid.”

Chalmers and McCabe-Bennett recommend the show to anyone aged 15 or older, and promise “an hour of high-energy fun that everyone can relate to.”

Local theatre company Downside Up Productions is set to present a slightly darker production than the touring acts listed above. Downside Up is performing a play called SHARDS, which explores the manner in which violence can manifest in one’s everyday life. The aforementioned violence is presented and explored through 23 disjointed scenes, and sports a cast of two playing the parts of 24 separate characters.

Director and writer Wren Hookey told the Manitoban he believes the play will stand out as a result of its “intensity and range,” also noting that “having all 24 characters written to be played by actors of any gender is not something you can see anywhere else.”

Last but not least, another local company called Half Empty Productions will perform playwright Annie Baker’s Pulitzer Prize-winning show, Circle Mirror Transformation.

Half Empty Productions features former and current students of the University of Manitoba as well as dis-

tinguished U of M Film Professor George Toles as the company’s director. According to Toles, the play itself is set in a drama class, and the plot is based around a “six-week course in which five people go through this progression, and many of the things that reveal the most about the characters come through the theatre exercises, which anyone who’s done theatre for any length of time will recognize.”

Toles informed the Manitoban that he believes the play will stand out in the festival due to its “beautifully unforced, lifelike feel, which on one hand suggests casualness [...] but in fact, closer examination of the play reveals that nothing going on is arbitrary or ill-considered.”

The Chronic Single’s Handbook and XOXO: The Relationship Show will both be running at Fringe Venue #11 (Red River College), The Sama Kutra at Venue #2 (MTC Up The Alley), SHARDS at Venue #8 (The Rachel Browne Theatre), and Circle Mirror Transformation at Venue #6 (MTC Warehouse). For show times, ticket prices, and more information, please visit www.winnipegfringe.com

22

Arts & Culture

Arts & Culture Editor: Seamus Hamilton-Pattison Contact: arts@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Stop and smell the roses The Department of Floristry delivers art in the form of flowers LAUREN SIDDALL, STAFF

A

PHOTOS PROVIDED BY CANDACE FEMPEL

Fempel’s terrariums, bouquets, s with most artists, Candace designed to gild the everyday.

Fempel of the Department of “I find my process seems to be wreaths, and paper flowers may have Floristry stumbled upon her talent evolving each time I design. Because had humble beginnings as a hobby, quite naturally – but perhaps more flowers and plants are organic, they but have quickly gained a fanbase so than most. have a natural language that requires in the city – especially her pop-up “I think my interest in floristry attention and care to work with. The shops at Tiny Feast in the Exchange really comes from spending count- more I work with them, the better District. less hours exploring in the northern I’m getting at reading that dialogue.

“The pop-up shops with Tiny Feast Whiteshell with my family growing The process of creating and making came out of a shared appreciation for up. I learned about various plants and is not always clean and beautiful, but smaller-scaled, well-designed home varieties of flowers by working on the outcome each time is unique and wares. I had met them before they the yard, or in the garden, with my the work continues to change as time opened, so when I found out they’d grandma and my dad,” said Fempel. goes on,” explained Fempel. be starting a stationery shop I thought “I love the immediacy of making they might have some interest in the paper flowers I had been developing something with my hands and being “I love the immediacy at the time. The connection to paper able to have an idea and execute it myself.” actually might be really where of making something goods After being introduced to a local it started, and it’s just grown from flower shop by her mom during there,” said Fempel. with my hands and “The reaction and support for the middle school, Fempel decided to being able to have pursue her passion for environmental pop-ups has been fantastic. We’re trydesign further, including completing to create a really convenient but an idea and execute ing her masters of architecture at the unique environment by centring the it myself” – Candace University of Manitoba and founding pop-ups around popular holidays.” the Department of Floristry. the success of the popFempel, Department up Following “My goal, with the Department of shops, Fempel looks to expand her of Floristry founder Floristry, is really just to offer various business further – eventually lookways – flower arrangements, terrariing to provide floral arrangement for ums, wreaths, vessels, prints, paper events and designing more vessels “Working with organic materials for her creations, in addition to her flowers – that a person might liven up their space. I like having the ability teaches you that even if you think you current collaboration with graphic to do this at a small, accessible scale. had a perfect plan, the nature of the designer Evan Marnoch.

Flowers, plants, succulents, and cacti, material is to change and it will do among others, have a natural ability so with or without your permission. Check out the Department of to connect to people.”

With that in mind, my aim is always Floristry’s website: deptof.ca and With her degree in tow, Fempel to respect and accentuate the natural follow them on Instagram @ transforms ordinary natural occur- beauty – the texture, colour, and lay- Deptof to stay up to date on the latrences into living works of art ers – of the flower or plant.” est news and pop-up shop dates.

The funniest night in Winnipeg Comedy showcase at Park Theatre sees another full house ALANA TRACHENKO

T

here’s definitely a downside to laughing all night: a sore face the next day. The Winnipeg Comedy Showcase, hosted by Jared Story at the Park Theatre, saw a packed house on July 4. The showcase takes place every three months and features a rotating cast of local stand-up comedians. With a comedy scene as developed as Winnipeg’s, promising the best is no small thing, and Story takes his job of selecting performers seriously.

Writer by day and comic by night, Story scours the city’s open mics and comedy nights for a variety of acts.

Saturday’s show offered everything from comics just starting out to those who’ve performed internationally, and still managed to have the crowd laughing consistently.

Comedy nights in Winnipeg take place almost every day of the week.

Whether it’s scheduled performers or open mics, the city seems to love watching comedy.

“It wasn’t always like that,” Story said. “I first went on stage eight years ago, and there were some nights hap-

pening, but not like this [...] People have gotten really good.”

Some Winnipeg comics, like Chantal Morastica, have moved on to continue with comedy in other cities, while others are making a living by performing full time here at home. After seeing Matt Falk close the show, it’s no wonder that we are on the map when it comes to up-andcoming comics.

Falk will be performing as a part of the Homegrown Comics Competition at the Just for Laughs Festival in Montreal, thanks to his inviting stage presence and his creative twist to old stand-ins like impressions and accents. Sometimes sticking to the basics is the best way to go.

Matt Nightingale performed as Lawrence Bleachman, motivational speaker, Honda driver, world class inventor and registered voter.

Nightingale says that while some comics are comfortable making jokes off the cuff, he feels most prepared when he’s had time to write out his material.

“Confidence is knowing your lines, in my world,” Nightingale says. And after seeing his act, it’s no surprise – Lawrence Bleachman has a lot to tell his audience, and was a particularly clever act that not only made people laugh but actually imparted some motivation. By the end of his set, the audience had memorized the six steps of success, most notably “spot the need!”

Story doesn’t reserve spots in his show for only those that have been performing for years or as professionals. Florence Spence was scouted by Story at a few open mic nights.

“She’s starting to come into her own unique voice,” Story says. “It’s her biggest show yet, and I’m hoping it’s the start of many more for her.”

Spence spoke openly about her experiences as a mother, and a member of the Aboriginal community with a candidness that had some people squirming in their seats – it’s not often one gets to joke about racism and drug abuse so close to home, though perhaps we should be more comfortable with humor as an outlet.

PHOTO BY ALANA TRACHENKO

Story said having a full house of Nightingale echoes the sentiment attentive guests is exciting, but it that being nervous isn’t a bad thing. doesn’t stop him from being nervous In fact, it means you’re doing someevery time he goes on stage. thing right.

“I’m more nervous before I go on For those who are nervous, but stage, then I’m just a wreck,” Story remain committed to comedy laughs. “But then it’s like, I guess Nightingale has one piece of advice.

I’m doing this [...] I think people like “You just gotta go out there.” comedians who aren’t the most confident. No one likes a person who’s full Follow Story on Twitter @jrockarolla of themselves. It’s about being able to to keep updated on the next showcase poke fun at yourself and everything and other events around the city. around you.”

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

Arts & Culture

23

From subway car to skyscraper The importance of public art and culture programming LAUREN SIDDALL, STAFF

S

ince its humble beginnings as strings of people that benefit from graffiti plastered illegally on [Festival D’Art Public]. There’s the subway cars, public art has flour- obvious art community and street ished from a nuisance into a means art community, but there are also all of community revitalization, and these businesses that are financially right at the centre of the movement benefitting from it; they get over a in Winnipeg are Chloe Chafe and million patrons walking up and down Andrew Eastman of Synonym Art the street, experiencing the art, and Consultation and founders of the going to these shows. It’s unbelievWall-to-Wall Mural and Culture able to be able to reach such a broad Festival – an annual, multifac- audience – it’s really inspiring,” said eted five-day festival in Winnipeg Chafe. designed to make art more accessible The prodigious structure of the by creating both interior and exte- Montreal festival, while not necessarrior murals, and pairing each mural ily directly transferable to Winnipeg, unveiling with a public culture event. illustrates the numerous benefits of “There’s an autopublic art, as well as the potential of matic thought that public art is spray the movement.

“We need to get paint, which is “It was really people excited vandalism, which amazing to let is destruction of our imaginations about street our community. run wild and just art and about What we’re trybe overloaded w it h sensor y ing to do is bring beautifying our input from the contemporary, beautiful works of festival, but then city and excited art onto walls that we had to bring about growing you would drive it back down and by everyday,” said think about how our community Eastman.

Winnipeg could from the ground There’s the be a unique player key: seeing the art in this internaup. Let’s all get everyday. tional street art on the same P ubl ic a r t scene. We started r e mov e s t he to think more page because potentially pompabout how we ous facade of fine could develop the it’s so beneficial art and breaks community from for everyone” – down the fusty a grassroots level gallery walls. It here, as opposed Andrew Eastman, creates an envito just hiring a Synonym Art ronment in which bunch of interart is not only for national artists to Consultation the elite; it is for come in and plaseveryone. ter all of our walls “The accessibility is important [for the Wall-to-Wall Festival]. It because it leads into the democrati- would be amazing, but it’s not really zation of art. No matter your income, feasible,” said Eastman. no matter your background, when the “I think for us to do the exact same art is accessible, it’s taken out of the model, and bring in 10 international ivory tower of the fine art world and artists and 10 national artists, for our bringing it to the streets and bringing type of community, wouldn’t necesit to everybody,” said Eastman. sarily have the same benefits,” added “Beyond that, street art right now Chafe. is such an international movement At this point, it makes more sense that it instantly connects cities and for us to establish a strong foundacommunities, as opposed to just con- tion from which to build. To import necting the art community within a handful of international artists, your city, it’s connecting you to an while it would result in amazing work, art movement that is going on around would not have the same long-lasting the world right now.” benefits as it does in Montreal.

“We need to continue to promote As the movement continues to gain momentum, public art festivals the awareness of what we’re doing and are starting to emerge all around the we need to promote the viability of world, including the Festival D’Art the street art movement. In Montreal, Public in Montreal, from which that already exists. For them to be Chafe and Eastman just returned. able to create 20 large-scale murals For each of its three years, the in 11 days is possible, and it’s posfestival has commissioned both sible for 10 blocks of a main street in international and local artists to Montreal to be closed down for this create a total of 50 full-scale murals festival. The businesses understand down Boulevard Saint-Laurent, to it and the people understand it. We show films, and to partner with local need to get Winnipeg onboard with vendors. This year, 24 murals were this,” explained Eastman. created during the 11-day festival, “We need to get people excited completely shutting down one of about street art and about beautifying Montreal’s major streets to make way our city and excited about growing for over one million patrons. our community from the ground up.

“It’s so amazing to see the different Let’s all get on the same page because

it’s so beneficial for everyone.”

Winnipeg, in fact, is in an optimal position to join the movement. We have the talent, we are developing the awareness, and we get to choose what kind of player we want to be in the scene and use it to facilitate community growth.

“That’s both the amazing thing about Winnipeg and also the somewhat terrifying thing. A lot of us are starting these different ideas or movements basically from the ground up.

There is a street art community in Winnipeg, absolutely, but the scale of it is a lot smaller [...] We’re trying

to make a really strong foundation so that we can move up,” said Chafe.

“Art education has always been a big element for us; it’s never just about the party or just about the art. We want people to understand all of the benefits art will bring.”

PHOTO BY LAUREN SIDDALL

PHOTOS BY LAUREN SIDDALL

24

Arts & Culture

Arts & Culture Editor: Seamus Hamilton-Pattison Contact: arts@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Cover to cover with Carlyn Boy Lost in Wild, by Brenda Hasiuk CARLYN SCHELLENBERG

last fall, is Hasiuk’s first short story collection, and takes place in Manitoba. Some of the stories in the collection have previously been published in the Malahat Review, and the anthologies Up All Night and Kobzar’s Children: A Century of Untold Ukrainian Stories.

A wide array of cultures inhabit the stories in this collection, fitting for an exploration of humanity in our multicultural city.

Like in Your Constant Star, many of the stories in Boy Lost in Wild examine cultural differences between characters.

PHOTO PROVIDED BY TURNSTONE PRESS In “Little Emperor,” a Chinese interAcclaimed Winnipeg writer national student is at odds with Brenda Hasiuk used her home- Western customs in his downtown town as a setting in last year’s Your apartment while recovering from a Constant Star, which follows three brutal attack. In “Back Lane Lullaby,” Winnipeg teens as they enter adult- a Ukrainian-Canadian family’s evehood. Boy Lost in Wild, published ryday existence is interrupted when

a man from Ukraine claiming to be female protagonists in Boy Lost in a mugging, uses humour to describe their relative shows up on their door- Wild are teenagers – damaged but his plight. Albert, Xaio’s landlord step. “Sandwich Artists” chronicles hopeful and persevering. First, sec- who refers to him as “Chow,” buys an unlikely friendship between an ond, and third person narration is food for him. “The West has failed ignorant young man and his new employed throughout. the visiting international student. So Iranian-Canadian co-worker.

“Roma Raj,” one of the most all Albert can do is bring me food I engaging stories in this collection, cannot eat. It would be all laughable uses a melodramatic voice. In the tale, if it weren’t so painful.”

The majority of the an Indian father recounts his univerThe sharpest prose in Boy Lost in sity transgressions with a woman on Wild emerges in “Sandwich Artists.” male and female campus named “Gypsy Joan” to his Casey, who at the beginning of the protagonists are young son undergoing medical tests story, had “accepted that his sex life a lump. was a date with a dirty sock and teenagers – damaged for Melodrama manifests in this pas- computer screen,” meets his new cosage, in which Raj, the father, speaks worker Dorri, who is in love with an but hopeful and to his son: “Over the course of our older guy “in a league all by himself, persevering whole marriage I’ve never indulged larger than life rather than popular, in such extramarital musings except leaving her happy to follow alone in dreams, and now, when our only and admiring and invisible, eating Each story begins with a set of son, our shining star, is in mortal his dust.” facts about different cultures and his- peril, I’m adrift. But you see, Jagat, Each story briefly glimpses into tory, including Winnipeg’s. Each set it’s not that I don’t care. It’s that I Winnipeg lives and their hardships, of facts sets the context for the story, can’t seem to shake this thing I must and Boy Lost in Wild is overall an and perhaps informs the Winnipeg share with you, somehow, some- informative and interesting read. audience of something they don’t where.” The father’s voice is jarring, know. For instance, “It’s Me, Tatia” but his detailing of his short relaindicates that the Winnipeg General tionship with “Gypsy Joan” is one Strike was not generally taught in of the most enjoyable parts of Boy Canadian schools until the 21st cen- Lost in Wild.

“Little Emperor” is also a notable tury. In “Blood,” Métis history is provided in a story about a 14-year-old piece. First-person narrator Xaio, a girl who’s just discovered she’s Métis. new international student navigating The majority of the male and Winnipeg alone and impaired after

25

Sports Sports Editor: Mike Still Contact: sports@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

The kids on the runway Reviewing the newest Jets taken at the 2015 NHL Entry Draft ANDY CHE

the Czech Elite League and represent the country at the 2016 World Juniors before continuing in North America.

Sixth Round

The Jets forfeited their 2015 fifth round selection as a condition pick to the Carolina Hurricanes, in a deal to acquire forward Jiří Tlustý.

Originally, the pick was agreed to be a sixth round selection, yet turned into a fifth rounder when the Jets made the 2015 Stanley Cup Playoffs.

With the 168th pick, Winnipeg selected Tri-City Storm center Mason Appleton. Although relatively unknown and unranked in Central Scouting, he is a casual point-producer with 40 points in 54 games as a USHL rookie last season.

While Appleton’s offensive game is satisfactory at the junior level, he possesses decent defensive upside and could one day fill the role of a two-way forward. Yet, his speed and skating ability appears to be of some concern and needs to be addressed.

Committed to Michigan State University next year, Appleton possesses the potential to be a diverse player in the NCAA. However, the odds are against him to blossom into a high-end prospect and must prove his worth within the following seasons.

Seventh Round

Winnipeg held an extra seventh round selection, acquired from the Eddie Pasquale trade to Washington GRAPHIC BY CAROLINE NORMAN in June of last year.

Defenceman Sami Niku from the hile the NHL spotlight was gressing in the Jets pipeline. round NHL draft selection in 1988, restriction for the progression of his Finnish Elite League was selected fixated on Connor McDavid With the 25th pick, acquired Jansen joined the Cougars in 2012. hockey career. with the 198th pick. Although relaas the inevitable number-one pick, from the Evander Kane trade, the He was selected by the WHL club Junior hockey with Cedar Rapids tively undersized at six feet, Niku the Winnipeg Jets welcomed eight Jets selected US U18 Developmental with the second overall selection of is surely the route for Foley for the is a skilled mobile blueliner with a prospects at the 2015 NHL Draft. For Team graduate Jack Roslovic. that year’s bantam draft. upcoming campaign, possibly with shot that combines both power and the third time in Thrashers-Jets hisA linemate of Auston Matthews, a It’s not difficult for the second World Junior commitments to Team accuracy. tory, the franchise owned two picks projected top pick in 2016, Roslovic is generation Harkins to find his hockey USA. While his defensive upside conin the first round of the draft and did positionally sound and finds open ice inspiration. Every time he hits the ice, His inexperience in junior could tinues to emerge, Niku’s power and not disappoint with their selection of very well without the puck.

Jansen has in his heart his brother be the deal-breaker in holding down quick release gives the Jets a new USHL stars Kyle Connor and Jack Perhaps his best attribute is his Nicklas, who was diagnosed with a position with the Americans, dimension in their pipeline with a Roslovic. playmaking ability, punctuated by mucopolysaccharide disease (MSD), despite performing in this season’s potential power-play anchor.

Fellow Americans Erik Foley his 46 assists in 57 games with the a joint developmental defect, at the Ivan Hlinka tournament.

With their final selection at posiand Mason Appleton arrived on the developmental team this past season. age of five. tion 203 Winnipeg picked Prince second day of the draft, along with Roslovic is committed to the Miami It’s expected that Harkins will Fourth Round Albert Raider Matteo Gennaro, a Jansen Harkins and Matteo Gennaro University RedHawks for the upcom- return to Prince George prior to Michael Špaček, the fifth-ranked cousin of former NHLer Fernando of the WHL, as well as Europeans ing season. Both players selected in the upcoming campaign. Since he European prospect, was selected Pisani.

Michael Špaček and Sami Niku. the first round are expected to star in already donned a Canada jersey in by Winnipeg at the 108th position.

The six-foot-two centre expeHere is a complete breakdown of the NCAA. Do not be surprised if two previous tournaments, look for Developed by the Czech Republic rienced an improved season offenthe Jets 2015 draft selections. either or both are named to the U.S. Harkins to be involved with Canada’s ranks, he stood out at the U18 and sively, doubling his output from that National World Junior Team for the 2016 World Junior plans. junior levels, yet failed to show the of the previous campaign, yet his First round He looks to be the most NHL- high level of production in the coun- potential is fairly unknown. A for2016 tournament.

Youngstown Phantoms left winger ready of the draft class, but it would try’s top league. mer teammate of 2013 first rounder Kyle Connor was picked with the Second Round be premature for Harkins to earn Špaček has shown he has the cre- Josh Morrissey, Gennaro recorded 31 17th position and will continue his From the WHL’s Prince George himself an AHL call-up. ative skills on the puck to become points in 72 games this season. hockey career with the University of Cougars, Jansen Harkins became a a playmaker in the NHL. Despite Niku will likely play in Finland Michigan Wolverines this upcoming steal of a pick upon his selection at Third Round playing a satisfactory offensive game, for the upcoming season and should season. the 47th position. The 15th ranked At the 78th position, the Jets his consistency as a senior Czech be featured in the 2016 World Junior Connor possesses soft hands, North American forward has a set selected another USHL standout, player and eventual adjustment to the Championships. At only 176 pounds, dynamic speed, and an instinctive of quick hands combined with an Erik Foley. Although his six-foot North American game are the two Niku will begin adding mass to his scoring touch – highlighted with outstanding IQ in the offensive zone, frame can be misleading, Foley has major hurdles in his way to appearing six-foot frame as his physical game back-to-back 74-point seasons in making him lethal on the attack. the potential to develop into a domi- in the NHL. continues to develop. the United States Hockey League.

Don’t be deceived by his 30 career nant power forward.

Since he has already appeared in For Gennaro, the 2015-2016 season However, his size and forechecking goals in the WHL; Harkins’s abilHe’s not afraid to be a physical one World Junior Championship, will be a defining year as it is deterare still of concern. ity to drive the puck to the net easily presence, get into the dirty areas expect him to wear the Czech colors mined if he can fulfill a higher role At six-foot-one and 177 pounds, gives him the potential to be a goal- around the net and find open ice very at the 2016 edition of the tournament. offensively in the WHL. Connor is far from NHL maturity scoring machine one day in the NHL. well to position himself for a pass.

For the next little while, Špaček and will need to hone his physical The son of Prince George General Having finished only his freshman will have his nation in his plans. He play as well as body mass before pro- Manager Todd Harkins, a second season, Foley’s inexperience is a major will continue to develop his game in

W

26

Sports

Sports Editor: Mike Still Contact: sports@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Battling with the best Winnipeg 3-on-3 tournament sees Bison alumni move on to Mexico City MIKE STILL, STAFF

c a mpus , a nd members have a connection with the was the only Bison basketball program.

Canadian stop on Anders was a captain for the squad the Hoop It Up in 2014-15, while Coss and Byrnes North American were both standouts in the early tour, which also 2000s. Bodnar also made a name for included Houston, himself in the local scene, playing Sacramento, and four years with Providence University Louisville.

College.

The four athletes – Wyatt Team WMBA will Anders, Graham Bodnar, Darcy now take on Team Coss, and Chris Ignite, as well as Byrnes – were one of eight teams 10 other teams competing in a round robin-style from North and tournament. They ended up beat- Central America, ing Team Ignite, from Sept. 9-10 Canada’s toprated 3-on-3 team, in the round robin According to Anders, the players before falling to originally joined the 3-on-3 circuit as PHOTO PROVIDED BY WYATT ANDERS them in the final. a way to stay fit.

Because Team “We are four players that wanted to Four former local collegiate stand- World Tour event, after placing sec- Ignite had already qualified for the compete in the off-season and found outs will be making their way to ond in the Hoop It Up basketball tour from a previous tournament, out about 3-on-3,” Anders said. “We Mexico City this September for the tournament.

Team WMBA, as they were referred have been practising hard together The event was held from June to, also made it in.

International Basketball Federation and really meshed well this year.”

(FIBA) 3-on-3 North American 27-28 on the University of Manitoba Almost all of Team WMBA’s This isn’t the first go-round for

most of the group. In 2014, Anders, Coss, and Bodnar, along with Xavier Smith, won the Hoop It Up event and travelled to Chicago for the FIBA World Tour Masters Qualifier event.

While the group didn’t fare as well as they would have liked in Chicago, it was a positive learning experience, as they were able to see what the best 3-on-3 players in North America had to offer.

Anders said that the biggest change from the Winnipeg tournament to the North American tour was the level of competition, as well as the speed and athleticism.

“There was both on display but the physicality was different. It was way more physical.”

Team WMBA will now take on Team Ignite, as well as 10 other teams from North and Central America, from Sept. 9-10. If they succeed in Mexico City, they will then move onto the FIBA 3-on-3 World Championship in Abu Dhabi, in October.

Delivering the knockout punch Time to get rid of fighting in hockey RYAN STELTER

I

GRAPHIC BY BRAM KEAST

t’s become a hotly debated subject, a talking point for many water cooler conversations: fighting in the NHL. Your typical traditionalist will tell you that it’s always had its place in hockey because it influences the game and pumps the teams up.

This may be true of junior hockey, when these kids are more susceptible to emotional twists and turns. Even then, fighting in junior doesn’t help a kid’s development. At the professional level, how much does a fight “pump up” the average player?

We’re just coming off a very entertaining Stanley Cup final involving two of hockey’s most exciting teams, the Chicago Blackhawks and Tampa Bay Lightning. With Lord Stanley’s mug on the line, not a single fight happened.

When it all matters, does dropping the gloves really affect the outcome of a game?

Another example is the Olympics, the ultimate prize at the international level. The IIHF doesn’t permit fighting at any level; it is a game misconduct if you do decide to drop the gloves.

Once again, is it really worth fighting a guy if you know you’ll have your team down a man for the remainder of the game? Is it worth it with a 3-2 lead against Russia in

the gold medal final? Would it pro- brawl in the NBA; you don’t see vide a boost to your team’s morale coaches putting out their tough guys if you cleaned some Russian’s clock for the opening tip off just to fight in a fight? each other. What do you gain from No. Fighting has no place in the knocking someone out? Not much. game anymore. Hockey has evolved The NHL should adopt player ejecso much as a sport that it really is tion for fighting. If the NHL handed unnecessary. out game misconducts for fighting Over the past few years, we’ve someone, you would see a lot less of it. started to see the diminishing role The future of the NHL relies on of the “enforcer” with fewer of them the growth of the game, something able to find work on an NHL team’s that the NHL has been attempting to do for years. Hockey is viewed as a fourth line.

A “tough guy” has a different second-rate sport in the U.S. because meaning these days, with players of the fighting. such as Milan Lucic and Andrew With less fighting in the NHL, Shaw who play hard-nosed hockey the marketability of the sport would but can contribute in other ways likely increase. Suddenly, the average besides fighting.

American family living in Florida Fighting also takes a toll on will want to see a Panthers game NHLers. A few years ago Rick because they know there won’t be Rypien, Wade Belak, and Derek a potential bloodbath breaking out Boogard all took their own lives, on the ice. and it shook the hockey world. Those Why should the fastest, most three men were enforcers, put out on exciting sport on the planet be seen the ice simply to fight. as violent? Fighting simply doesn’t No other professional sport in belong in hockey anymore.

North America permits fighting. If you do fight, you are ejected or even suspended.

You don’t see linemen in the NFL duking it out after one made a comment to the other; they know they’ll receive an ejection for doing so.

There is no such thing as a line

Sports Editor: Mike Still Contact: sports@themanitoban.com / 474.6529

Sports

27

Looking to get on top Projected depth chart for 2015-16 Bison football training camp MIKE STILL, STAFF

W

ith over 20 players from 2014-15 range that the Bisons will need. will come from Malcolm Williams, physical threat. If he doesn’t redshirt not returning this season, the Akeeno Williams and Zach and Lerenzo Ihanza. Williams was in 2015-16, he has an outside shot at 2015-16 edition of the University of Regert should also see themselves at recruited from BCFC powerhouse cracking the starting lineup.

Manitoba Bison football squad will the top of the depth-chart this year. Langley, and has been wreaking look a bit different.

Williams, who was a big contributor havoc with the squad for the past SAM linebacker With a decent amount of turn- two years ago, will also be valuable three seasons. He will be Akeeno’s The SAM linebacker spot will see over at certain spots, the Manitoban in the deep game thanks to his burst biggest competition, due to their two converted defensive backs batdecided to layout a projected depth and breakaway speed. similar size and athleticism. tling it out, as Brett MacFarlane and chart, as well as analyze key posiRegert stepped in as a starter midIhanza was one of the biggest Houston Rennie will vie for a positional battles. way through last tion in the front season’s campaign seven.

The SAM linebacker spot will see two Wideout and didn’t look MacFarlane Dustin Pedersen is basically auto- back. His massive has experience in converted defensive backs battling it out, matic for this year. He has experience six-foot-six frame the starting rotaas Brett MacFarlane and Houston Rennie in the starting rotation from previous is tough to cover, tion already, as a half back. He seasons, and understands the plan and he already will vie for a position in the front seven that offensive co-ordinator Vaughn has rapport with was arguably the Martin runs. projected starting most physical With Matt Sawyer now graduated, quarterback Theo Deezar from their receiving prospects in Canada this defensive back on the squad, and as year, and is a well-rounded route a fifth-year player, his leadership and it’s up to his former Vancouver Island time in Okanagan.

The main competition at wideout runner. At six-foot-two, he’s another understanding of the CIS game is teammate, Pedersen, to provide the

invaluable. For this reason, he should begin camp as the starter.

MacFarlane’s physicality could be what ultimately wins him the spot, as he’s built a bit bigger than Rennie, and may be able to handle his responsibilities in the run game more effectively.

Rennie, however, brings a higher level of athleticism, which is also critical. Of the two, he would likely be better in coverage, which is another key component for the SAM position.

This will be the most hotly contested battle in camp, and it will be interesting to see who comes out on top.

28

Sports

VOL. 102 NO. 2 July 15, 2015

The Canadian gut punch Canada’s time in the Women’s World Cup and other moments that had me clutching my stomach JULIAN MCKENZIE

A

s the final whistle sounded on France, and the Americans ended up Canada’s 2-1 loss to England in on the same side of the draw. Canada the quarterfinals of the 2015 FIFA had a seemingly favourable road to Women’s World Cup, I felt like I had the final but England bumped them been punched in the stomach. It’s in the quarterfinals. a painful experience that I’ve often France and Germany played to endured with sport, whether through penalties after a gripping game. Alas, playing or watching. the French lost to the Germans, who Thanks to three of the most disasare usually bred to be automatic in trous minutes in Canadian women’s penalties. As expected, France wasn’t soccer history, which saw a Lauren too happy after their loss.

Sesselmann miscue at the back and keeper Erin McLeod misplaying Bollocks! a cross, Canada found themselves England has found ways to dash down 2-0 to England. the hopes of their fans in World While captain Christine Sinclair Cups for years now. The women’s brought one back for the host nation, team continued this tradition in the the deficit proved to be too large for most heartbreaking of fashions in Canada. their semi-final game against Japan.

I guess I shouldn’t be too negative.

It was the 90th minute. Japan and Canada should be proud for going as England were tied at one goal apiece. far as they did. Their result will surely The teams played for extra time. Hey, brush the taste of the 2011 World Cup, maybe some penalties! And then where they finished dead last in the disaster struck for the English side. group stage, out of our mouths.

It was like witnessing a car crash.

But you’ll have to forgive me for My jaw dropped wide in horror as being less than satisfied with their I watched the own goal by Laura Bassett. Before I knew it, the refresult. I have a few reasons.

First, the 2010 Winter Olympics eree whistled for full time. There changed my view of Canada in any were only a few highlights this year Olympic sport. We’re a strong nation. that made me say “oh no” out loud.

We shouldn’t be going into a tournaBassett’s own goal for England was one of them. ment just to participate. We want to win. If that’s not the goal, don’t It was the saddest moment of this bother taking part. tournament by far, and one of the Secondly, while Canada did have saddest moments you’ll see in sports chances, they just did not impress this year. offensively. Canada didn’t score more An honourable mention goes to than one goal in any game throughCelia Sasic’s missed penalty versus out the tournament. Going forward, the United States in the semi-finals. coach John Herdman will have to Germany could have taken a lead answer questions about how to attack. that would have sucked some life Meanwhile, Sinclair and fellow forout of the Americans. Instead, the wards Melissa Tancredi and Josée U.S. scored two goals to seal the deal Bélanger, aren’t getting any younger. in front of a pro-U.S. crowd at the GRAPHIC BY JEN GOERTZEN Fortunately, there are younger Olympic Stadium. options in Adriana Leon and Jonelle first goal in the quarterfinal loss.

Merde!

Germany ended up on the same side The Women’s World Cup has proFoligno, but at any rate goal scoring It’s a harsh way to go out, and I France and Germany played the of the draw when their game really vided some entertaining moments, must be a priority for Canada at the feel awful for her considering her run game of the tournament in the quar- could have been the final. There was but there were also too many stomnext World Cup. Oh, and counterat- of play, but why no seeded draw ach-churning events for my liking. tacking. That’s got to be fixed. was Herdman still at the Women’s That’s sport for you.

Simply put, you aren’t going to willing to put her World Cup, as Casual fans can take pride in Canada’s win many games if you rest on one in defence? Was FIFA decided Julian McKenzie (@JulianTheIntern) run at the Women’s World Cup. I goal and expect the team to hold the there no other where all teams is the online sports editor for the fort for the rest of the match. option for Canada would be orga- Link, Concordia University’s say: let’s do better next time Thirdly, why was Herdman so off the bench? nized prior to the official student newspaper. happy to rely on Sesselmann for Casual fans tournament. defence? While she did have some can take pride in Canada’s run at the terfinals. Someone had to lose, but if The reasoning? According to bright spots, she will be remembered Women’s World Cup. I say: let’s do the fans had their way, we’d have had Grant Wahl of Sports Illustrated, for her defensive gaffes, feeling rela- better next time. the trophy ceremony after the game. FIFA sought to place teams in certain tively uneasy at the back, and falling Due to unfortunate circumstances cities in order to aid with ticket sales on her behind, leading to England’s (ultimately, money), France and and TV ratings. As a result, Germany,