Full Conference Report of the 4th GreenEvents Europe Conference in November 2013

Full Conference Report 2013

GreenEvents Europe 2013 is an event of: Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V. and BN*PD - Bonn Promotion Dept. - Funk & Schmidt GbR is funded by:

This report is published by: Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V. Auguststr. 18 53229 Bonn www.soundsfornature.eu

Compilation and layout: Heike Hennig-Schmidt

Acknowledgement: We thank Stefanie Thomas (student of Macromedia Hochschule für Medien und Kommunikation, Cologne) for assisting with this report. We are grateful to Ilka Decker, Jennifer Drach, Kirsten Fabritius, Juliane Kemen, Daniela Korden (students of Bonn University), Annika Theisen, Muriel Czens (students of CIAM – Zentrum für internationales Kunstmanagement, Cologne) and Gerald Fichtner (graduate of Hochschule für Musik und Theater, Hamburg) for taking minutes during the conference.

Content GreenEvents Opening Welcome  Holger Jan Schmidt (Sounds for Nature, GER) Welcome address  Angelica Maria Kappel, (Deputy Mayor of the City Bonn, GER) Welcome address  Eberhard Neugebohrn (Stiftung Umwelt und Entwicklung NRW, GER) Welcome address  Teresa Moore (Buckinghamshire New University, UK) Key note  Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER) Green Team on Tour  Luisa Gajewski, Annika Rudolph, Katharina Weber (Sounds For Nature

6 6 7 8 8 8 9

Foundation e.V., GER)

What's it worth? The waste business     

10

Claire O'Neill (A Greener Festival, UK, host) Chris Newton, CwmHarry / Zero Waste, UK) Antje Vödisch (bonnorange, GER) Dr. Alexander Janz, Bundesumweltministerium, GER) Stepan Suchochleb (Rock for People, CZ)

Greener Arena     

16

Roman Dashuber (Green Music Initiative, GER, host) Michael Müller (Energieagentur NRW, GER) Carl A H Martin (Arena & Stadia Design / Operational Consultant, UK) Michael Lischer (Sport Concepts, UK) Jörn Fischer (Anschutz Entertainment Group / o2 World Hamburg, GER)

A healthy session – Catering without meat   



Dirk Nossbach (nVL² GmbH, GER, host) Daniel Bleher (Ökoinstitut e.V., GER) Wolfgang Küpper, (Papstar GmbH, GER) Christof Huber (OpenAir St. Gallen, CH)

Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling / Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER, host) Mathilde Régnard (Cabaret Vert, FRA) Nadine Deventer (festival n.a.t.u.r, GER)

GreenEvents Europe 2013

22 22 23 25

26 26 26 27 28

Degrowth and Events – Alternative concepts for triple bottom line   

16 16 17 18 19

22

Sabine Funk (Sounds for Nature Foundation, GER, host) Niklas Lundell (Way Out West, SWE) Anne Landhäußer (Universität Ulm, GER) Hendrik Haase (Slow Food Deutschland e.V. / Wurstsack, GER)

Talking cups – biodigradable vs. multi-use cups    

10 10 11 13 14

www.green-events-germany.eu

31 31 32 33

3

Content Audience Attitude – Do People behave better in a clean environment?    

Sabine Funk (Sounds for Nature Foundation, GER, host) Teresa Moore (Bucks University, UK) Marten Pauls (Campo Events Engeneering / Rock am Ring, GER) Morten Therkildsen (Roskilde Festival, DK)

Down the loo 2   

35 35 35 36 38

40

Fabian Schulte-Terboven (IBIT GmbH, GER, host) Rüdiger Heidebrecht (DWA, GER) Hamish Skermer (Natural Event, AUS / UK)

40 40 42

The Elephant Round - Is Bono killing polar bears?

44

     

Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER, host) Holger Jan Schmidt (Green Events Europe, GER, sidekick) Claire O'Neill (A Greener Festival, UK) Vladimir Vodalov (Exit Festival, SER) Carl A H Martin (Arena & Stadia Design / Operational Consultant, UK) Carsten Schumacher (Festivalguide, GER)

The plastic session – Can we avoid plastic?    

47

Teresa Moore (Bucks University, UK, host) Claire O'Neill (A Greener Festival, UK) Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival / Powerful Thinking, UK) Dr. Ingo Sartorius (Plastics Europe, GER)

From bad to good – Upcycling    

51

Sabine Funk (Sounds for Nature Foundation, GER, host) Marie Sabot (We Love Art, FRA) Cathérine Bartholomé (Chrysocolla Marketing, GER) Birgit Böhm (Wandelwerte e.V., GER)

Technic Forum – Technical Solutions for Special Problems    

Fabian Schulte-Terboven (IBIT GmbH, GER, host) Jacob de Proft (Sheltercare, BE) Thomas Kläser (PA Team, GER) Nizar Müller (Rhenus Recycling GmbH, GER)

Good Food – Good Mood     

54 54 54 55 56

57 57 58 59 60

62

Sebastian Fleiter (The Electric Hotel, GER, host) Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival / Powerful Thinking, UK) Paul Schurink (ZAP, NL) Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER)

GreenEvents Europe 2013

51 51 52 52

57

Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling / Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER, host) Nadja Flohr-Spence (Slow Food Deutschland e.V., GER) Christof Hertel (Deutscher Evangelischer Kirchentag, GER) Jacqui Reeves (Fareshare, UK) Mathilde Régnard (Cabaret Vert, FRA)

The Power Panel    

47 47 48 50

www.green-events-germany.eu

62 62 63 64

4

Content It's only Teenage Wasteland – Camping and waste    

Holger Jan Schmidt (Sounds for Nature Foundation, GER, host) Michaela Tanner (OpenAir St. Gallen, CH) Jacob de Proft (Sheltercare, BE) Dr. Roland Imhoff (University of Cologne, GER)

World Café

66 66 67 68 69

70



Andrej Balaz (Hochschule für Künste, Bremen, GER, host) ‘Arts Installations & Performances’

70



Lisa Bensel, CIAM, Zentrum für Internationales ‚Kunstmanagement, Cologne, GER, host) ‘Internal Communication – me and my team , going green’

71



Gerald Fichtner (Hochschule für Musik und Theater, GER, host) ‘Conflicts, possibilities & challenges’

72



Hendrik Landwehr, Hochschule für Künste, Bremen, GER, host) ‘Gamification - do it the playful way’

73



Lisa Moser, Eventmanager, GER, host) ‘Long term audience communication’

74

Slow Food

75

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

5

Session: GreenEvents Opening Host: Holger Jan Schmidt, GreenEvents Europe, GER

Welcome  Holger Jan Schmidt (Sounds for Nature, GER)

Welcome address  Angelica Maria Kappel, (Deputy Mayor of the City Bonn, GER) Welcome address  Eberhard Neugebohrn (Stiftung Umwelt und Entwicklung NRW, GER) Welcome address  Teresa Moore (Buckinghamshire New University, UK) Key note  Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER) Green Team on Tour  Luisa Gajewski, Annika Rudolph, Katharina Weber (Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V., GER)

Welcome Holger Jan Schmidt (Sounds for Nature, GER) Welcome  Holger Schmidt gives a warm welcome to 150 participants of GreenEvents Europe 2013 (GEE 2013), the 4th international conference for sustainability in the live music and events industry.

The number of attendants has grown again compared to previous years.  GEE 2013 is particularly happy to welcome Angelica Maria Kappel, Deputy Mayor of the City Bonn, and Eberhard Neugebohrn, Managing Director of Foundation for Environment and Development North Rheine-Westphalia (Stiftung für Umwelt und Entwicklung Nordrhein-Westfalen).

Holger Jan Schmidt is Cofounder of GreenEvents Europe and Board member of Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V. www.soundsfornature.eu/, www.go-group.org/

Thanks to partners  Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V. is very grateful to all partners of GreenEvents Europe 2013. Without their help the conference would not have been possible to organize.  This, in particular, applies to the Foundation for Environment and Development North RheineWestphalia (Stiftung für Umwelt und Entwicklung Nordrhein-Westfalen) who is funding GreenEvents Europe 2013.  Other supporting partners are Yourope (The European Festival Association), Go Group (Green Operations Europe), IBIT GmbH, musik.woche, Bucks University, green music initiative and Bundesamt für Naturschutz.

Innovations  GEE 2013 keeps what has proven successful but provides some innovations o Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V. is organizing GEE 2013 o GEE 2013 covers a broader range of subjects than in previous years o Pre-conference Beginner Workshop o GEE 2013 involves young people into the sustainability issue of events.  Emphasis on student participation  World Café on „Communication” organized by students of various universities.  Green Team On Tour  Culinary UPcycling with Slow Food Youth Network, student assistance and kind support of SODEXO

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

6

Session: GreenEvents Opening Host: Holger Jan Schmidt, GreenEvents Europe, GER Between-conference activities  Go Group workshops 2013 in Paris, Oslo, Novi Sad, and Berlin  Conference contributions 2013: Eurosonic Norderslag Groningen, Berlin Music Week, Amsterdam Dance Event / ADE Green, Green Events Austria Wien  Green Operations Award 2013  Forthcoming: 5th international GO Group workshop Vienna, April 6 & 7, 2014 GreenEvents Europe 2013 supports  LEMONAID a company that sells fair-traded bio-juice and tea and is committed to social business. For each bottle of drink sold a percentage of the profit goes to their charitable fund (Lemonaid & ChariTea e.V.) supporting development projects around the world.

GreenEvents Europe’s 2013 slogan

Welcome address Angelica Maria Kappel, (Deputy Mayor of the City Bonn, GER) Angelica Kappel emphasizes her great appreciation of GreenEvents being held in Bonn for the fourth time. She stresses the importance of sustainable Open Air events. GreenEvents 2013 fits very well into the City of Bonn’s “Sustainable Bonn” project. Not only does Bonn attract many conferences that focus on sustainability and environmental issues.

But also are many venues, hotels, restaurants and cultural institutions certified according to strict environmental standards. The innovative approach of GreenEvents 2013 to combine responsibility for the environment with music festivals and other mass makes the conference an important promoter of the high priority the sustainable performance of events should be given. She expressed all her best wishes for a successful Green 2013.

Angelica Maria Kappel was elected Third Deputy Mayor of the City of Bonn. She chairs the municipal committee for international affairs and science. www.bonn.de

Welcome address Eberhard Neugebohrn (Managing Director of Stiftung Umwelt und Entwicklung NRW, GER) Eberhard Neugebohrn points out that sustainability is a core condition for realizing climate change. Mass events are important for creating society; they also need to comply with sustainability requirements to meet these challenges. The Foundation for Environment and Development North Rhine-Westphalia is happy to support GreenEvents, in particular because only a few initiatives exist in this field; in NRW, the Foundation is funding two other projects. As there is a lot to do to make mass events more sustainable, Mr. Neugebohrn wishes that GEE 2013’s ideas spread and result in many sustainable actions and behavioural changes.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

Eberhard Neugebohrn is managing director of Stiftung Umwelt und Entwicklung NRW. www.sue-nrw.de/

www.green-events-germany.eu

7

Session: GreenEvents Opening Host: Holger Jan Schmidt, GreenEvents Europe, GER

Welcome address Teresa Moore (Buckinghamshire New University, UK) Having been active in all three previous GreenEvents Conferences, Teresa Moore is happy to be part of this 4th edition. Having attracted many familiar faces but also a remarkable number of new ones, GreenEvents 2013 connects many different groups of people – practitioners, non-for-profit organizations, government institutions and academics. Research support is necessary as it can help understanding why certain things work, why they don’t and how to make things better. One focus of this year’s conference is to increase student participation. Involving the next generation into the sustainability issue is rather important from an educational point of view, as it fosters new ideas and raises their sense of responsibility and their engagement. Given the large number of participants and the broad range of stakeholders, GreenEvents 2013 provides great opportunities to network and join forces in supporting and taking sustainable action forward.

Teresa Moore is Head of Department at Buckinghamshire New University in charge of the University's Music Events and Crowd Safety Management programmes. http://bucks.ac.uk/

Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER) ‘Groove to save the world – An experiment in social change’ Jacob Bilabel’s vision  The live music industry will take the lead in implementing actions that foster climate change.

Where are we now?  Fighting the problems?  Fleeing from the challenges?  Playing dead?

Let’s take actions!  Make sustainability an increasingly important issue in the future!  Accelerate social change!  Venture a social experiment!  Involve science, politics and business!  Have a dream!  Find a way to cope with the challenge that you can’t save the world!  Mother Theresa If you can't feed a hundred people, then feed just one!  Start changing yourself!  Seriously, c’me on, do it!  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBMdsSwNZ9M

Jacob Bilabel is founder of Green Music Initiative. www.greenmusicinitiative.de

 Harder, faster, greener, please!

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

8

Session: GreenEvents Opening Host: Holger Jan Schmidt, GreenEvents Europe, GER Green Team on Tour Luisa Gajewski, Annika Rudolph, Katharina Weber (Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V., GER) ‘Green Team On Tour’ idea The Green Team on Tour idea came up when Holger Schmidt had been producing the OpenAir Festival ‘Rheinkultur’. Many festival goers behaved in a way not at all acceptable to the organizers. Yet, always telling them what they may or may not do seemed no good way of communication.

Showing them instead that you can go to a festival, behave in a sustainable way and still have fun and party seemed a much better alternative.

As the Green Team, the girls

‘Green Team On Tour’ realization visited 5 German festivals.

They interviewed artists, Sounds for Nature in 2013 started ‘The Green Team On Tour’ project and visitors and organizers about sent a team of three girls on a 5-festival tour. They worked on the festivals sustainability. in social projects, promoted the ‘Love Your Tent’ campaign, interviewed Green Team Blog online artists, festival organizers and non-festival related people on their views on sustainability, travelled by train and public transportation, met other people and had a lot of fun, a really great time! The Green Team is also active at GEE 2013 by interviewing speakers and participants and being involved in the organization.

‘Green Team On Tour’ slogan The sign language translation of ‘Green Rocks’ became the ‘Green Team On Tour’ slogan: moving your fingers (sign for grass) followed by making a fist (sign for rocks). The Green Events 2013 audience finally united in ‘Green Rocks’ to emphasize the importance of sustainability at festivals.

Video: Green Team on Tour Best of 2013

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

9

Session: What’s it worth? The waste business Host: Claire O’Neill (A Greener Festival, UK)

We want to show how the waste business works and what the value of the waste collected at events is. Can events take advantage by selling these resources on their own?     

Claire O'Neill (A Greener Festival, UK, host) Antje Vödisch (bonnorange, GER) Stepan Suchochleb (Rock for People, CZ) Chris Newton, CwmHarry / Zero Waste, UK) Dr. Alexander Janz, Bundesumweltministerium, GER)

Claire O’Neill is Co-founder of A Greener Festival, General Manager for the Association of Independent Festivals and former of Et Voila Events. www.agreenerfestival.com

Chris Newton (Zero Waste, Cwm Harry) ‚What's it all worth? Overview of the events waste business’ Chris Newton is working for the Zero Waste arm of Cwm Harry, a community interest company committed to helping communities realise sustainable solutions, e.g. by full zero waste service (64% – 90% recycling). He gained lots of operational experience, incl. London Olympics 2012.

Waste management at events  The waste hierarchy

Chris Newton works for the Zero Waste arm of Cwm Harry. www.cwmharry.org.uk



Good waste management must o extract value, reduce energy use, raise awareness, create social norms, be cost-effective



Also important o Insights gained from previous years are kept in mind o All materials needed to provide a successful service should be ready and on site. o Communication with all parties involved on how to deal with waste o High visibility of measures  Recycling o Friendly and helpful staff…

In-house waste management versus waste management company  In-house team o Pros: save money, understand event better and build knowledge, use on-site team o Cons: missing equipment and/or knowledge, lack of new ideas

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

10

Session: What’s it worth? The waste business Host: Claire O’Neill (A Greener Festival, UK)

Chris Newton (Zero Waste, Cwm Harry) ‚What's it all worth? Overview of the events waste business’ 



Waste management company o Pros: wide range of experience, supply of specific kit, legislatively aware, hassle-free o Cons: additional costs; issues of efficiency and trustworthiness Other options: o Venue waste management systems, local skip company, local authority

Why and how to recycle?  Save Money and the Environment  Recyclables and compostables should be recycled, although this can be difficult. o Take large amounts, preferably baled, use local delivery option. o Separate high value materials o Give second life to useable quality goods o Use deposit systems on-site o Process on-site Upcycling o Turn waste into new products, free shops, advertise it , e.g. in tweets, raise a profile

Antje Vödisch (bonnorange AöR) ‚Waste management at festivals‘ Bonnorange is a city directive dealing with festivals and organizes two big events: ‚Rhein in Flammen‘, a yearly event and major firework with 300.000 visitors, and ‚Pützchens Markt‘, a 1-week-fairground with 300.000 to 500.000 visitors.

The problems  Littered roads and public areas, overflowing waste bins.  Many visitors do not care about environmental protection  Behaviour of visitors may be influenced by alcohol/drugs.

Antje Vödisch works für bonnorange AöR and busy in the field of environmental education since 25 years. www.bonnorange.de

Producers of waste  Visitors, stands, info points and sponsors.  The largest amount stems from catering. o Festival organizers may have little influence on visitor behaviour, they can influence caterers a lot.

Response measure  In 1995, the city of Bonn dismissed a directive for events in urban areas.  It recommends o Using returnable/reusable dishes/cups/dispensers o Offering low-waste catering (if not possible caterers have to apply for permission) o Waste separation in the back-stage area (stands, caterers)

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

11

Session: What’s it worth? The waste business Host: Claire O’Neill (A Greener Festival, UK)

Antje Vödisch (bonnorange AöR) ‚Waste management at festivals‘ What is it worth?  High-quality recycling is only possible if disposable products are not mixed with dirt or rubbish.  The waste of visitors’ area is usually so dirty that it is not suitable for recycling.  Waste is delivered to the incineration plant for thermal use.  Dscrepancy between awareness and appropriate action.

Who profits from the waste?  Garbage incineration plant (selling energy for district heating and electric energy)  Bottle seekers, who collect the PET-bottles with 0,25 € refund  Caterers who avoid waste in advance  Disposal companies (clean recycling material from backstage/stands  The city of Bonn also offers a smaller fee for those caterers who produce less waste  The overall amount of waste is reduced significantly if caterers avoid waste on site.

What to do?  Make waste avoidance an item when planning your event  Communicate well with all stakeholders about your environmental concept  Give info to caterers about using multi-use packaging and returnable trays  Write a waste separation guide  Label bins for waste disposal with different coloured symbols  Have enough volunteers to inform/guide visitors on site  Control waste-collecting behaviour  Empty waste containers regularly  Introduce a penalty or give an incentive for your caterers  As politicians do not want to be responsible festival organizers should set up their own rules!  Rheinkultur (more than 150.000 visitors) was the first festival implementing a waste concept.

Discussion A.V. The idea to introduce a penalty was to give caterers an incentive to pay less for less waste – so it is up to them.

Claire O’Neill (A Greener Festival, UK): Glastonbury Festival offers the Greenest Trader Award, which rewards the stallholder with a free pitch or 50% off their fees. The method of rewarding stallholders by a financial benefit has already been successful.

Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival, UK): As to filthy visitors’ waste, if you get the food out, let volunteers separate the waste, and provide clearly labelled bins, most people will use them. So waste is o.k. for recycling. Also magnets to separate metals should be used.

At our festival the audience is very willing to engage in sustainability. We initially borrowed the idea from Germany where already in 2003 the first festival included a recycling fee of €5. We charge an additional fee of 10 pounds for recycling exchange. Visitors get a bag for recycling, which tells them what to put in it. We also provide sorting tables, bins etc. Some people don‘t like getting their hands dirty – but then they won’t get their money back. The initiative is successful: 65% of the people chose to do it, the waste management company said that 50% less waste has been created overall. Not just the recycling rate, but also audience experience has been improved – people liked it.

Stepan Suchochleb (Rock for People festival, CZ): We charge a €2 deposit, and 90% of the people return their token and recycling bag. The campsite is very clean. We provide a booth at every exit, to return the deposit. The rubbish exchange is open 24hrs, efficient and user-friendly.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

12

Session: What’s it worth? The waste business Host: Claire O’Neill (A Greener Festival, UK) Dr.-Ing. Alexander Janz (Bundesumweltministerium – Ministry of Ecology, GER) ‚Recovery of Recyclables – How does the German Dual System in Waste Management work?‘ What is waste?

Material perspective:  (Commonly) heterogeneous mixtures (commonly) out of several material fractions Legal perspective: Definitions based on German KrWG:  Waste: means any substance or object, which the holder discards, intends to discard or is required to discard  Waste for recovery: waste,, which will be recovered (recycling, feedstock recycling, energetic recovery)  Waste for disposal: waste, which will not be recovered

Dr. Alexander Janz works for the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in Bonn. www.bmu.de

Levels of waste legislation  European level: European Directives and Regulations: Waste Framework Directive (WFD), Landfill Directive, WEEE-Directive, etc.  National level: Implementation European legislation into national legislation and/or setting of national legislation resp., e. g. Act for Promoting Closed Substance Cycle Waste Management (KrWG), Packaging Ordinance (VerpackV), Commercial Waste Ordinance (GewerbeabfallV), etc.  Federal State level: E.g. hazardous waste management  Municipal level: Organisation of municipal waste management systems by bylaw: esp. in view of treatment and disposal of residual household waste by public waste management authorities r Raw material perspective (energetic recovery not taken into account)  Raw Material Consumption of German Industry: 13% Secondary Raw Materials (non-energetic raw materials only, BDE, 2010)  In 2010, secondary raw materials surpassed primary raw material by a margin of 10 billion Euros (DERA/BGR, 2010)  Important: Waste disposal (e. g. incineration + final landfill) has an important sink-function for harmful substances: 100% recycling not desirable Dual Waste Management System in Germany (simplified)  Collection and disposal of residual household waste: municipality responsibility; producers/holders have to hand over residual household waste  Collection and recovery of most other waste: private sector (e. g. WEEE, packaging, commercial waste, ...)

How to handle waste: Waste hierarchy according to WFD/KrWG 1. Prevention, 2. Preparing for re-use, 3. Recycling, 4. Other recovery (energetic recovery/ refilling), 5. Disposal

Aims of Commercial Waste Ordinance (GewerbeabfallV) 

is (high quality) recovery of commercial waste

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

13

Session: What’s it worth? The waste business Host: Claire O’Neill (A Greener Festival, UK) Dr.-Ing. Alexander Janz (Bundesumweltministerium – Ministry of Ecology, GER) ‚Recovery of Recyclables – How does the German Dual System in Waste Management work?‘ Producers / holders: as long as it is technical feasible / economical viable  Obligation for separately collecting/transporting waste – at least for paper & card, glass, plastics, metals, several kinds of biowaste  Alternatively: commingled collection possible if mixed waste stream is being sorted in appropriate sorting facilities afterwards Mixed commercial waste: producer / holder:  Mixed commercial waste to be delivered at appropriate recovery plants (annual recovery quota of plant must be at least 85%) Event managers: What to do with commercial waste?  Operation of own plant  Assignment of certified waste management company (e.g. EfB)  If location is hired: waste management organized by owner of location?

Residual waste for disposal 

To be handed over to municipality (dual waste management system)

Event managers: What to do with residual waste?  Contact municipality how to manage residual waste  If location is hired: waste management organized by owner of location?  Metals are no problem, but plastics need to be washed  What is the commercial waste regulation on EU level?

Stephan Suchochleb (Rock for People Festival, Czech Republic) ‚Rock for People Waste Management‘ Rock for People is one of the two biggest festivals in the Czech Republic.

It is held in Hradec Králové midweek in July, 30.000 visitors (80% camp), four main music stages.

Path to Sustainability:  Decrease negative impact on environment;be as green as possible without going bankrupt!  1. Energy from renewable sources, 2. Transportation policy, 3.

Waste management

Stephan Suchochleb is founder of Capricorn Promotion and involved in the organization of “Rock for People” festival. www.capricornpromotion.cz

Waste management programme  Separation of: paper, aluminium, glass, plastic, biowaste, batteries, hazardous waste  100% of the trash generated goes through own on-site separating plant Green Points & Trash Stands  Location important  Leaflets to encourage people to separate trash themselves  Need for several glass bins near the car parks  Biodegradable bag for food waste + bin with lid

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

14

Session: What’s it worth? The waste business Host: Claire O’Neill (A Greener Festival, UK) Stephan Suchochleb (Rock for People Festival, Czech Republic) ‚Rock for People Waste Management‘ Camp site: ’Clean your own shit‘  2 trash bags on arrival, 50 CZK fee 2€ included in ticket  Keep festival site clean: if rubbish is allowed, it expands  empty bins before they get full!

Vehicles electric: eco friendly and quiet!

Up to 260 people needed  Managers, shift leaders, supervisors for transport, separating plant, site cleaning  Separating plant workers, litter pickers (volunteers), food stalls waste operator  Post-festival cleaners Result  65% of trash recycled Future goals  Increase recycling percentage  Separate lids from plastic bottles  Improve people’s awareness of sustainability programme  Use energy from renewable sources  Clean at least 1 other festival besides Rock for People Experiences and ideas  Employment of no-fee volunteers did not work.  Social Aspect o Involving local Gypsy community for a small fee has been very successful. o Important in a country, where still deep resentments against the Gypsy population exist. o Rock for people gave Gypsies the rare opportunity to be involved and earn some money  How to choose the food stalls? liminate those who don’t follow the rules? o Penalties haven’t worked yet, but some gradually changed their ways over several years. o Introduce a prize to better promote the idea of sustainability amongst the stallholders.   

Use the same colours already in use for waste separation in your own country! ‚Self-control‘ effect: use see-through bins so that others can see what’s being thrown in.

Bins have to be foldable, light and easily transportable. No oil drum for us!

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

15

Session: Greener Arena Host: Roman Dashuber (Green Music Initiative, GMI, GER)

What can venues do to promote sustainable events? They are places of magic as well as places of masses, consumption and comfort. We try to find ways to bring it all together.     

Roman Dashuber (Green Music Initiative, GER, host) Carl A H Martin (Arena & Stadia Design / Operational Consultant, UK) Michael Lischer (Sport Concepts, UK) Michael Müller (Energieagentur NRW, GER) Jörn Fischer (Anschutz Entertainment Group / o2 World Hamburg, GER)

Roman Dashuber is senior project manager at THEMA1 and also project leader of the Green Club Index project. www.greenmusicinitiative.de

Michael Müller (EnergieAgentur.NRW, GER) ‚Greener Arena Index – How to make Event Locations greener?’

Energy Agency North Rhine-Westphalia (EA.NRW)  Private Public Partnership consulting and networking service for enterprises and municipalities, supported by the Ministry of Climate Protection  First point of contact for enterprises, local authorities and organisations for questions regarding energy efficiency and renewable energies Targets  Cost reduction,  Promotion of regional economic development  Climate protection

Michael Müller is consultant of the EngergieAgentur NRW and manages different projects. www.energieagentur.nrw.de

Services  Energy consulting  Energy education  Networks and cluster management Greener Arena Index - Facts  Big arenas have a high demand of energy = relevant CO2 – emission the whole season  As costs increased and will further increase, arenas have to work on energy efficiency.  The public but also artists have become more conscious of the carbon footprint of events Climate Neutral Tour: rzte, Toten Hosen, Pearl am, Radiohead, Rolling Stones....  It should be an advantage for an arena to be green, as it is a unique feature for the arena.

This is important because a lot of big arenas exist in Germany, especially in NRW.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

16

Session: Greener Arena Host: Roman Dashuber (Green Music Initiative, GMI, GER) Michael Müller (EnergieAgentur.NRW, GER) ‚Greener Arena Index – How to make Event Locations greener?’

Greener Arena Index - Project Idea „How to make big event locations (Arenas) greener, more climate-friendly and provide economic benefits to the organizers  Transfer the experience from the Green Club Index/ Green Club Label (concept of energy efficiency and consulting for small clubs) to Arenas  Develop a toolbox together with all stakeholders to implement energy efficiency. Do not only focus on technical aspects but consider the usage of energy by the staff as well.  Work out standards for „Greener Arenas and a Communication Strategy Label, Checklists, Award ….

Some aspects have been worked out at the Go Group Workshop at Berlin Music Week 2013:  Need of networking on „Greener Arenas by different stakeholders managers, bookers, technical staff)  Best-Practice projects in energy efficiency and environment management already exist, for example O2-Hamburg, Max Schmeling Halle Berlin  Lack of communication especially with bookers and artist management (which are the Green Arenas?)  Being a Green Arena is not really a market advantage now, has to be better communicated, e.g. (cost) advantage of being energy efficient? How could a practical solution look like?

Greener Arena Index - Approach / Steps  Winter 2013: Kick-Off Workshop with arena managers  Beginning of 2014: Second Workshop on a major level to work out more specific aspects for a „Greener Arena”  Documentation of workshops issues important for designing a project concept.  Providing a „Greener Arena Toolbox by A.NRW and Green Music Initiative GMI for all event location managers.  GMI and A.NRW invite all stakeholders to take part in the discussion on „Greener Arenas”

Carl A H Martin (Arena & Stadia Design / Operational Consultant, UK) Money dictates business Carls Martin stresses, that it’s money that dictates arenas, and arena design in particular. When building arenas, managers most often reject suggestions for sustainable measures by proposing something cheaper.

For them, only the short-term perspective matters. The fact that arenas and stadia are going to operate for 25 to 30 years is academic; the client wants the building the cheapest way now. There are very few noteworthy counterexamples; O2-World in Hamburg is one of them.

Education is important Carl makes clear that it’s important to educate people and make them understand what is needed. A conference like GreenEvents is absolutely necessary. In particular, the people who build and operate arenas should learn the message. If money dictates business, managers should learn that green measures and saving money most often go hand in hand. For instance, replacing ordinary lamps by LED can reduce power costs by up to 80%, even though managers often think replacing is not worth the effort.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

Carl Martin worked in fields like exhibition, interior and graphic design, designing, building and operating arenas and stadia all over the world. He was involved in creating the European Academy of Venue Management and is now part of the move to promote a greener industry

www.green-events-germany.eu

17

Session: Greener Arena Host: Roman Dashuber (Green Music Initiative, GMI, GER) Carl A H Martin (Arena & Stadia Design / Operational Consultant, UK) Another problem is that artists don't care about green either. Guided by their managers they will go anywhere where they can make money.

Discussion Jacob Bilabel: We have to explain to arena and stadium managers that there is a business sense to making arenas green. This could be part of the toolbox to promote the issue.

Q: What about campaigning in government? If government makes it a top-down issue it would be easier to promote green ideas and politicians could use their influence, e.g. when deciding where to give the money in order to support green arenas.

A: Carl is not aware of any campaigning. The music or event industry is more interested in other things; the green agenda isn’t that interesting.

Marten Pauls: He fully agrees that government can influence how money is spent. Germany has a very strict legislation. One has to built standards by law so that you people can be forced spending the money in the way government wants them to.

A: Yes, there are standards to save energy but beyond that…

Audience: Low hanging fruits seem to be paving the first part of the way by government standards.

Jacob Bilabel: Most of the halls and stadia are owned by the cities. They pay lots of money for energy but don’t have money left to invest. That’s a kind of cognitive dissonance.

Michael Lischer (Sport Concepts, UK) M. Lischer and Sport Concepts have global experience in Stadia and Arena Design, Feasibility Studies, Master Planning, Major Event Planning, Facility Consulting and Client Representation. Lischer was involved in the 2012 Olympics in London.

Temporary facilities  were built at the 2012 Olympics in London.  They are designed to be demounted after the Games and reMichael Lischer is the founding erected elsewhere. partner of London based architectural practice, Sport  This concept was also suggested and applied at other places.

Concepts.  do not save money when being built, but it saves money in the long www.sportconcepts.net term as no cost of maintaining occurs.  The parts can be re-used, thus energy and raw materials steal, stone… are saved.

Flexible use of arenas  Arenas aren’t used a lot. Therefore, arenas have to be built for flexible use, e.g. sport events, concerts, family events, and exhibitions, so that the arena can be used for different events.

Revenue generation and traffic management  A fundamental issue is to plan and organize revenue generation and traffic management.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

18

Session: Greener Arena Host: Roman Dashuber (Green Music Initiative, GMI, GER) Michael Lischer (Sport Concepts, UK) Discussion  In UK, national authorities block flexibility, the use of arenas for events other than sport is prohibited.  A common problem in big arenas is construction faults that cause higher logistic costs.  In order to build a green arena you have to have to take the whole life circle of an arena into account – from day 1 onwards when planning the construction.  Hardware (building) and software (management) have to work together.

Jörn Fischer (Anschutz Entertainment Group / O2 World Hamburg) Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) is a worldwide leading company for live entertainment and sport. It set up the AEG1EARTH program on sustainability and environment, which comprises AEG1EARTH program  2020 Environmental Vision and Goals in o energy/climate, recycling/waste, water conservation, sustainable Jörn Fischer works fort he purchasing, education Anschutz Entertainment Group  Environmental Highlights in the O2 World Hamburg. www.aegworldwide.com o Decrease of carbon emissions, increase total energy consumption from renewable sources, increase in total solid waste diverted from landfill, decrease of water use per guest, increase in water recycling 1  Environmental Sustainability Report O2 World Hamburg  Characteristics  Major entertainment facility in northern Germany, flagship venue for Hamburg and the metropolitan region, opened in November 2002, multi-functional usability for all kinds of events, capacity: Up to 16,000, 140+ events and up to 1.4 million visitors per year  Sustainability programme  Introduced in 2007  2020 goal: reduction of energy and water use and of carbon emission  Sustainability report public (linked on O2 World Hamburg homepage)  Much more could be done, though.  Sustainability activities  100% hydro power, i.e. 100% renewable energy from utility provider Hamburg Energie  Rainwater from rooftop is used for flushing toilets and sprinkle system  Heat pump for ice field , transforming chillers’ heat loss into usable energy o energy reduction of about 1,000 MW/h per year  Further energy reduction projects o LED replacement, updating lighting concept, motion sensors  Waste reduction o In fast-food zone o Advantage to OpenAir Venues: visitors don’t bring their own garbage

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

19

Session: Greener Arena Host: Roman Dashuber (Green Music Initiative, GMI, GER) Jörn Fischer (Anschutz Entertainment Group / O2 World Hamburg)    

Is being green a question of money? Yes, to some extent Using green energy costs up to 10 % more Local products are not necessarily cheaper Larger companies can pay higher listing fees

Changes with little money!!!  Communication of awareness to customers  Separated garbage collection in public areas  Fast Food served in eatable items - Sausage in bred rolls  Aspects O2 World Hamburg wants to work on  Green Arena Concept must be better communicated.  Involve smaller companies, yet difficult for them to compete with big companies like Coca Cola who are paying to get into an arena.  Promote changes with little money, e.g. avoiding and separating garbage  Conclusion: Most of the big issues are set (energy supply & premium partners) and are very difficult to be changed.

Discussion: Audience:  The sustainability concept wasn’t made public to a greater extent because O 2 World Hamburg is a lot greener than for example O2 World Berlin or other AEG venues. On average, all venues of Anschutz ntertainment Group aren’t very green and the publishing effect would be not big enough.  Due to the fact that the venues aren’t comparable there is no benchmarking going on.  The advantage of O2 World Hamburg is that they can freely chose energy solutions because they are not publicly owned and therefore are not dependent on the municipality.

Fischer:  O2 World Hamburg has even more costs to getting a greener arena. The reasons why they try to be greener are o having a consciousness o building a functional arena (no nice design) o being bought by AEG Group because they are a sustainable arena (to push the credits) Audience:  Short-term thinking is a big problem, because acting in a non-sustainable way means postponing costs to future generations. Money doesn’t have to be an argument!

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

20

Session: Greener Arena Host: Roman Dashuber (Green Music Initiative, GMI, GER) Jörn Fischer (Anschutz Entertainment Group / O2 World Hamburg) 

Regulation for building arenas will be implemented in the future in Germany, but not in the UK.

Key questions to the speakers by Roman Dashuber (host)  Sustainability & Arenas – Status Quo?  Where are the big potentials, especially the „low hanging fruits?  What challenges & problems do we face?  Being pragmatic: Greening Arenas – where to start?

Summary Michael Müller (Energieagentur NRW)  Best practice examples do exist, but aren’t well communicated.  Energy will be more costly in Europe, but in America it will be cheaper, due to ignoring the technique for sustainability Carl A H Martin (Arena & Stadia Design / Operational Consultant, UK)  A greener arena at the moment is an arena that makes no profit.  We must find a way to make profit with sustainability, so that managers will make sustainability their target.  The German Greener Arena Initiative should get international, cooperate with the UK, and do more networking.

Jörn Fischer (Anschutz Entertainment Group / O2 World Hamburg)  The biggest problem an investor has is the money – not the knowledge – to build, plan and ty.  Long-term thinking is easy; see for example implementing the heat pump.  A low hanging fruit is getting people to think about garbage, because it’s the most obvious problem Discussion input:  Communicate easy answers like avoiding garbage. Then proceed to bigger issues.  Some challenges are common (garbage), find out which are different.  Develop a shared practice, learn from each other, the advantage of starting good practice

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

21

Session: A healthy session - Catering without meat Host: Sabine Funk (Green Events Europe, GER)

An event without meat – neither for artists, crews or the audience. We will present the effect on the footprint and the consequences for the event organizers. Is it possible?    

Sabine Funk (Sounds for Nature Foundation, GER, host) Niklas Lundell (Way Out West, SWE) Hendrik Haase (Slow Food Deutschland e.V. / Wurstsack, GER) Anne Landhäußer (Universität Ulm, GER)

Sabine Funk is CEO of wissenswerk and IBIT GmbH and board member of the Sounds For Nature Foundation. www.ibit.eu www.soundsfornature.eu

Sabine Funk proposed the following topics to be discussed  Why is catering without meat a topic at all? o Catering amounts to 10% of an event’s CO2 emissions only. o So why care about meat? o Meat production is responsible for 20% of total global CO2 emissions! o Other problems are:  Destroying rain forests for growing cattle feed  Industrialized meat production  Low income of meat, poultry and seafood process workers  Extensive use of water for cattle production, i.e. converting water into red meat    

Catering without meat – best practice Why is it so difficult?

Let‘s speak about responsibility o Is sustainability and environmental protection reconcilable with meat consumption?

Are we asking the right questions?

Niklas Lundell (Way Out West, SWE) Background of WOW  started in 2007, 3-day-festival, 30.000 people, no campsite.  serves 14 000 meals crew and 1400 meals artist catering, 50 000 meals on the festival site.

Idea of vegetarianism  In 2010, WOW stopped serving meat at the festival for environmental, animal right, feminist and health-related reasons.

Niklas Lundell is co-founder oft he Way Out West Festival in Gothenburg. www.wayoutwest.se

Implementation  Organizers started implementing going veggie six months ahead of the festival by giving the information to caterers, stalls and vendors.

Communication External  WOW planned to implement the new food strategy without communicating it to the public before the festival. Yet it leaked out to the media, so a Manifest was brought out the night before the festival started.  Info at all food and beverage places.  Going veggie also started a discussion in the media.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

22

Session: A healthy session - Catering without meat Host: Sabine Funk (Green Events Europe, GER) Niklas Lundell (Way Out West, SWE) Internal  The biggest problem was not the audience, but WOW’s own crew. WOW had to do a lot of education, e.g. by pointing to famous athletes, who live vegan or vegetarian.

Environmental results and reaction Environmental impact  Stopping to serve meat lead to a better ecological footprint o Changes between 2010 and 2012  Total ecological footprint: -23.9,  Footprint/visitor: -32.2%  Catering: reduction from 62% to 37%  Visitors’ average time spent on festival: +12,7% .

Audience reaction  Asking the audience about o WOW offering vegetarian food only more than 70% agreed with the new strategy (very good or good) o The quality of the food?

70% found the quality very good or good Discussion input: Audience: Not serving meat at the festival is a brave decision due to the risk of losing audience.

Niklas Lundell  Economic views are secondary; the aim is to give people a better experience, even if that would means less people.  Attitude of the crew was worse than expected, because the whole team knew about it and had to sign that they have read the conditions.  It is unknown how many people turned into vegetarians by the festival, but at least it started a political discussion.

Audience: The idea of not serving meat has to fit into the whole concept of a festival. It wouldn’t fit to festivals with a long and special tradition like Rock am Ring Niklas Lundell  In the first year of the vegetarian festival people ate more outside the festival area.  Already in the second year they ate more inside again, similar to when serving meat.  This is probably due to food quality being better in the 2nd compared to the1st year.

Anne Landhäußer (University of Ulm) ‘Why do people still eat meat?’

Anne Landhäußer is vegan herself. Her talk aims at answering the question why it is so hard for people to stop eating meat even if they are aware of the problems meat production brings along.

Eating meat is the norm  Two separate types of norms o Injunctive norms: what most others approve  Descriptive norms: what most others do

GreenEvents Europe 2013

Anne Landhäußer is a social scientist at the University of Ulm. She also chairs the Ulmer section of the German Vegetarian Union. www.uni-ulm.de

www.green-events-germany.eu

23

Session: A healthy session - Catering without meat Host: Sabine Funk (Green Events Europe, GER) Anne Landhäußer (University of Ulm) 'Why do people still eat meat?’ 

People tend to behave according to the salient norm. Regarding meat consumption, usually the descriptive norm more salient.

What can we do?  Communicate that the number of vegetarians and vegans is growing and that it’s getting „normal to eat less meat.

Lack of knowledge  Many people don‘t realize that meat production constitutes an environmental problem:  Australian representative survey (n=223) (Lea & Worsley, 2008): o Lower meat consumption among consumers was seen as the foodrelated item least likely to help the environment.  Swiss representative survey (n=6.189) (Tobler et al., 2011): o Consumers rated purchasing organic food and reducing meat consumption as least environmentally beneficial.  German survey of well-educated participants n 219 Landh u er, unpub. o Only minor effect of meat consumption on environmental problems or climate change What can we do?  Emphasize the perceived gains of not eating meat.  Reduce the perceived costs of not eating meat.

Perceived costs of being vegetarian/vegan exist  People have to abdicate from something they like and change their habits.  They are becoming „unnormal abnormal and hence complicated for others.  They have to deal with questions and stereotypes. o Burger King: „ at like a man, man!

What can we do?  Establish masculine, heterosexual role models that refrain from eating meat.

There are several ways to reduce cognitive dissonance o Cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957): The discomfort experienced when simultaneously holding two or more conflicting cognitions: ideas, beliefs, values or emotional reactions  People engage in dissonance reduction, which can be achieved in one of three ways: o Lowering the importance of one of the discordant factors: It’s only chickens. They don’t feel pain! o Adding consonant elements: People have to eat meat for health reasons! o Changing one of the dissonant  changing one’s eating behaviour.

What can we do?  Make dissonant elements more salient.  Provide arguments against consonant elements.

Passionate meat eaters show reactance o Reactance (Brehm, 1966): An emotional reaction to pressure or persuasion that results in strengthening or adopting a contrary belief. o It occurs when persons feel that someone or something is taking away their choices or limiting the range of alternatives What can we do? o Don‘t talk, just do. o Don‘t try to persuade passionate meat eaters, provide delicious vegetarian alternatives.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

24

Session: A healthy session - Catering without meat Host: Sabine Funk (Green Events Europe, GER) Hendrik Haase (Slow Food Deutschland e.V. / Wurstsack, GER) Discussion  The results of eating meat don´t affect the human body directly like alcohol, etc. It´s easier not to fly than to abdicate meat, because eating is an everyday decision, while flying is not.  It’s a big struggle not to serve meat on a festival because people don´t want their rights to be limited.  Not serving meat should not been characterized as something different/abnormal, if food quality is good.

Hendrik Haase (Slow Food Deutschland e.V. / Wurstsack, GER) Quality of food matters – not meat vs. no meat  Hendrik Haase likes to eat meat and vegetables – both of good quality. And he fights food waste in general.  He does not like dividing the world into black and white – meat eaters and non-meat eaters. Instead, a grey area exists where people eat both meat and vegetables and enjoy good quality and delicious food.  The most severe problem is that most people today are ignorant about where their food is coming from. Mass production applies to meat as well as to vegetables. Moreover, the energy industry is taking over small farms.  Replacing meat by tofu does not solve the problem as it is produced in large scales as well.  If its only meat that tastes then raise the quality of vegetarian meals!

Hendrik Haase is activist and communication designer. He is co-founder of Slow Food Youth Network and he founded Wurstsack.. www.slowfoodyouth.de/ www.wurstsack.com/

How to communicate what we eat?  Restore trust in good food o De-anonymising the origin of food  Don’t talk about meat and no-meat. Talk about vegetables, e.g. the many different kinds of potatoes.  Don’t pretend that things taste like others, e.g. tofu burgers like meat burgers.  Don’t educate people, e.g. about the good ecological footprint they produce while not eating meat.  Make them feel that vegetables taste good, have fun and at the same time raise awareness for food. o ‘Schnippeldisko, Diskosoup’  400 to 700 people peal and chop huge amounts of non-marketable ‘ugly’ vegetables generally left on the fields that members of Slow Food Youth Network had collected from farmers.  D ’s play dance music.  A vegetarian meal for thousands of people is then cooked from the vegetables.

What can festivals do?  Go into the food scene.  Check where the food is coming from.  Connect to local farmers and use the ‘ugly’ otherwise wasted vegetables.  Raise awareness for food by fun events.  Go for good quality food – both meat and vegetarian.

Discussion input  It´s better not make a big deal about not serving meat. Just do it!  Talking about eating meat is always a very emotional discussion. It´s about taste, quality and education

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

25

Session: Talking Cups - biodegradable vs. multi-use-cups Host: Dirk Nossbach, nVL² Nossbach Leipold VeranstaltungsLogistik GmbH, GER)

We know the popular systems: multi-use and biodigradable one-way cups made from cornstarch. It's a never-ending discussion. Which are more sustainable? We question perceptions and opinions and discuss openly with suppliers and experts.     

Dirk Nossbach (nVL² GmbH, GER, host) Thorsten Engelking-Mala (Cup Concept, GER) Daniel Bleher (Ökoinstitut e.V., GER) Wolfgang Küppe, (Papstar GmbH, GER) Christof Huber (OpenAir St. Gallen, CH)

Dirk Nossbach is managing director of NVL² Nossbach VeranstaltungsLogistic GmbH. www.nvlhoch2.de

Daniel Bleher (Ökoinstitut e.V., GER) ‘Environmental Aspects of different drinking cup systems - Multi-use PP plastic vs. biodegradable PLA plastic’ First, Daniel Bleher clarified the bioplastics terminology.

Bioplastics Terminology  Biodegradable plastics o Material able to disintegrate/degrade under defined circumstances  Biobased does not mean biodegradable! o PLA: most common biodegradable plastic out of biomass (in catering) 

 

Bio based plastics. o Material partly of fully made out of biomass o Bio-PET bottle by Coca-Cola: most common popular bio based plastic.

Daniel Bleher works as a researcher at the Darmstadt-office of ÖkoInstitut. www.oeko.de

The main sales argument for PLA is the ability to biodegrade.  But the reality is incineration.

Feedstock recycling of PLA is possible but sorting infrastructure is missing.

What’s better: single-use bioplastics or single-use fossil plastics for packaging?  Ifeu-Institut: survey of 85 Life Cycle Assessment studies o Smaller impact of bioplastics packaging with regard to greenhouse gas emissions and fossil resource consumption. o If other environmental impact categories like eutrophication, acidification, and land-use change are taken into account, bioplastics mostly achieve no overall environmental superiority over fossil-based plastics. o Conclusion: This group of bioplastics packaging may show unfavourable overall environmental performance.

Single-use vs. multi-use cups  Ökoinstitut: 2008 Study. o Evaluation of GHG (Greenhouse gas emission) and CO2 emission. o Main result: Multi-use cups are better than single-use cups because of lower values.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

26

Session: Talking Cups - biodegradable vs. multi-use-cups Host: Dirk Nossbach, nVL² Nossbach Leipold VeranstaltungsLogistik GmbH, GER)

www.oeko.de www.oeko.de

Daniel Bleher (Ökoinstitut e.V., GER) ‘Environmental Aspects of different drinking cup systems - Multi-use PP plastic vs. biodegradable PLA plastic’ Beside all the studies, how shall sustainable Beside all the studies, how shall sustainable wastedoes management ideally look like? management look like?

How ideal sustainable waste waste management ideally look like?

Prevention Prevention Preparing for reuse Preparing for reuse

measures taken before a material measures taken before material becomes waste (e.g. re- & amulti-use) becomes waste (e.g. re- & multi-use) checking, cleaning or repairing checking, cleaning or repairing recovery operations recovery operations

Recycling Recycling

reprocessing into product / material reprocessing into product / material

Other recovery Other recovery

purpose to replace other material; fuel substitution & replace energy recovery purpose to other material; fuel substitution & energy recovery

Disposal Disposal

e.g. landfilling e.g. landfilling

Based on Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC) Based on Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC)

Based on Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC)

7

Conclusion  Avoid waste and stretch the use phase. o Single-use biodegradable material, ending in incineration plants, is not meaningful!  You send the bands on tour, why not your cups?  multi-use Green Festival Cup? o Use your network to invent a cup that can be used at various festivals  If biobased material is washable and long lasting, it can be interesting for a green multi-use Festival Cup 7

Wolfgang Küpper (Papstar GmbH, GER) PAPSTAR is a distribution company with own production plants for paper plates and napkins.

Product range  Single-use products made from different raw materials.  Products that are not recyclable or biodegradable are not integrated into the product range  'PAPSTAR pure' is a brand for sustainable products made from paper, wood, PLA , and bagasse.

Wolfgang Küpper is Head of Marketing for Papstar GmbH. www.papstar.com

Single-use cups  PAPSTAR supplies single use cups for all purposes, about 300 different products.  Decision made on basis of application, quality, price, and sustainability.  Cups made from sustainable material are about two times as expensive as plastic cups. .

Why single-use cups?  Hygiene: always clean, reducing the risk of germ transfer  Safety: no injuries by pieces of broken glass, avoiding the risk of injuries, e.g. in soccer stadiums or at outdoor events  Workability and costs: low costs, flexible supply, easy transport

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

27

Session: Talking Cups - biodegradable vs. multi-use-cups Host: Dirk Nossbach, nVL² Nossbach Leipold VeranstaltungsLogistik GmbH, GER) Wolfgang Küpper (Papstar GmbH, GER) Environmental challenges  Reduction of emissions that lead to climate change caused by modern consumption Manufacturers of single-use cups  are aware of sustainably  use recyclable materials  reduce energy consumption and emissions of their factories  reduce downstream impacts of their products by o innovative design (thinner cups need less resources) o actions promoting end-of-life collection and recycling, litter prevention,  develop more and more disposables from renewable resources Single use versus re-usables  Wolfgang Küpper argued that no case can be made against single-use solutions  Single usables are most appropriate o for out-of-home consumption o for on-the-go consumption where  practicality, safety, convenience and hygiene are most important. o when disposed appropriately after use o when recovered or recycled.  Problem is littering, therefore o put deposit on single-use cups o collect them o hand them over to disposal company o have them recycle.

Discussion input  Nossbach: Not convinced that single-use cups can be greener, yet admits that the economic, health, hygiene and safety arguments are valid.   The pro single-use arguments only hold in the ideal case that all cups are returned for recycling.  Reply Küpper: o A high loss rate and branding multi-use cups provide problems as well because they cannot be reused. o He repeated his proposal of putting a deposit on single-use cups, yet, providing enough refunding opportunities at events. o He wants to avoid the perception that single-use cups are bad per se.

Christof Huber (OpenAir St. Gallen Festival, CH) OpenAir St. Gallen Festival lasts for 4 days, often suffers from bad weather and 85 % of the audience use the campsite.

Introducing reusable cups  2005: Introduction of deposit scheme for single-use cups.  2008: The idea of introducing reusable cups was raised. Using reusable cups is more expensive, and they had no problem with hygiene so far.  2010: Introduction of reusable cups due to ecological reasons.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

Christof Huber is director of the Open Air St. Gallen Festival www.openairsg.ch

www.green-events-germany.eu

28

Session: Talking Cups - biodegradable vs. multi-use-cups Host: Dirk Nossbach, nVL² Nossbach Leipold VeranstaltungsLogistik GmbH, GER) Christof Huber (OpenAir St. Gallen Festival, CH) o Deposit on reusable cups by deposit coin. o The washing station for cups is only 16 km away from St. Gallen. o Average usage of one cup is seven times.

Screening study on environmental benefit of reusable cup system  Basis: OpenAir St. Gallen Festival’s data and partners  Method: Life Cycle Analysis (Life Cycle Assessment, LCA)  Comparison of reusable cup with single-use cup  Unit of comparison: 175,000 liter beverages, sold in 4 dl cups at OpenAir St. Gallen  Parameters o Manufacturing o Transport o Washing (for reusable cups) o Cup disposal incl. the total supply chain (e.g. plastic manufacturing)  Assumptions o Case: OpenAir St. Gallen and partners o Average usage of one cup: 7 times 2013: only 5 times due to heavy rain, higher loss rate o 7% loss on site o Electricity mix for cleaning o Assumptions for plastic recycling o Recycling, no incineration Results  Based on a realistic usage rate of 7x, the reusable cup is clearly more sustainable than a single use cup  Producing one reusable cup is around 2.5x less environmental friendly than producing one single use cup.  > 80% of the environmental impact is due to producing the cup.  The impact of cleaning is dominated by transport not by energy.  Increasing the usage rate of a multi-way-cup makes it even the better/greener.  Reducing the loss rate would lower the environmental impact even more.  Disposal instead of incineration is also very important for climate impact Discussion  Cup loss is caused by visitors, who throw them away or take them home despite the deposit.  OpenAir St. Gallen puts a deposit on single-use plates to induce the audience to return them.  A caterer reported that it’s difficult to have reusable plates and forks returned; it’s easier with cups.  A survey with the festival organizers in the room showed that about 50% use single-use and 50% use multi-use cups. Some use both. Only a few are using multi-use plates.  On branded cups: Brand cups only with the arena logo to use it at every event in this arena.

Yet, the logo would be gone after ten times washing the cup. Bad practice with Werder Bremen; each player branded on a cup so people collect them and are they are lost for reuse.

Final discussion Dirk Nossbach started with some thoughts and questions:  He is convinced neither of single-use cups nor of multi-use cups.  What is the economic point of the issue?  What about safety and throwing cups?  What about drinking culture? I don't like drinking my beer from a plastic cup!  Is it just the waste mafia?

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

29

Session: Talking Cups - biodegradable vs. multi-use-cups Host: Dirk Nossbach, nVL² Nossbach Leipold VeranstaltungsLogistik GmbH, GER) Christof Huber (OpenAir St. Gallen Festival, CH) Audience  OpenAir St. Gallen does not allow cans and glasses.  In UK, glass on festivals is not allowed. In Germany, bottles and glasses have vanished for safety reasons.  Where wine glasses are allowed rather high deposits ensure that they are returned. At Shambala Festival, people pay one pound deposit and get a clean cup in return for a dirty one. The loss is about 18 %.  Large financial investments are required when moving from single-use to multi-use cups. Yet, the image effect has to be taken into account when sticking to one-way cups because multiuse cups are highly recommended. As a promoter you have to have good reasons why using single-use cups, which might mean a huge pressure on the festival. Visitors don't reflect on a festival’s economic situation, and single-use cups are way cheaper.

Dirk Nossbach asked the speakers for a final statement.

Wolfgang Küpper: Which cups to use depend on the festivity (e.g. Weinfest or football game).

Küpper does not oppose multi-use products but on a festival he prefers a paper plate.

Christof Huber: It was a good idea to do the screening study. Its results and the feedback helped in deciding to stick to multi-use cups.

Daniel Bleher: In catering degradables can be used. Therefore, the input material should be changed. Avoiding waste is most important.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

30

Session: Degrowth and Events - Alternative concepts for triple bottom line Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER)

Does the heavyweight argument of economic efficiency really apply to festivals and other events? Events offer the chance to choose topics of how to organize and manage economic processes in an alternative way, and to present different ways of living together.   

Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/KWI Essen, GER, host) Nadine Deventer (festival n.a.t.u.r, GER) Mathilde Régnard (Cabaret Vert, FRA)

Degrowth  Controversial concept.  Main aspect: creating a greener economy by o working more efficiently o reducing consumption.

Friederike Behr is founder of Eco Controlling Gbr and works as Junior Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities in Essen. www.eco-controlling.de www.kulturwissenschaften.de



We should o take a critical look at  our behaviour  our way of living  learn how our economy works.  concentrate on what counts in our life. 

Degrowth is an important aspect in o our daily life o our social system o not only for our economic system.



We should o shape our society, o create strong networks o find alternative ways to create a greener economy.

How does degrowth relate to events?  Events can foster the idea of degrowth.  In case of degrowth, event organizers should o take social aspects into account o cooperate with local suppliers o strengthen labour management.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

31

Session: Degrowth and Events - Alternative concepts for triple bottom line Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER)

Mathilde Régnard (Cabaret Vert, FRA) ‘Growing a sustainable economy’ CABARET VERT  Started in 2004, 4 days, 75,000 people  French department ‘Les Ardennes’  Economic and social player o Location chosen for social and economic reasons. o The area around the festival is one of the poorest in France.

Goals  Making the unattractive region more attractive to people  Improving the area’s image  Giving local unemployed people a job at the festival  Cooperating with regional companies  Creating regional economic impact

Mathilde Régnard is sustainability manager at the eco-rock festival cabaret Vert. www.cabaretvert.com

Economic impact analysis  Budget in 2013: 3,5 Mio. €. o 80% self-financed, 10% public subsidy, 8% private sector , 2% others.  Overall local impact: o Increased from 1,7 Million Euros (2010) to 3,5 Million Euros (2013:).  1 EUR public subsidy created 14 EUR impact on local economy.

Purchasing policy  Restricting purchases by o Borrowing o Reusing o Using second-hand goods o Recovering waste production o Pooling purchases  Unavoidable purchasing o Collaboration with local suppliers whenever possible o Buying local goods o Fair-trade & eco-friendly PARTNERSHIP POLICY  Avoiding sponsoring that does not fit the festival’s goals  Sponsorship agreement with multinational companies o Extra-services for supporters o Billposting, display & screens, street-marketing  No commercialisation at the festival except for selling drinks and food to finance the festival FAIR-TARIFF POLICY  such that people can afford visiting the festival.

Summary  The festival is oriented towards the local area, aims at pushing the region, but also attempts to keep the event as sustainable as possible.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

32

Session: Degrowth and Events - Alternative concepts for triple bottom line Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER) Nadin Deventer (Festival n.a.t.u.r., GER) Discussion Question:  Who owns the festival and why do the organisers support local players?

Answer:  The festival is owned by a non-profit organisation set up by France.  All people working for the festival are volunteers.  The organisers support local players to do something positive for the region.

Q: Is it true that you are exchanging waste with the local industry?

A: We, for example, use recyclable cups, which are brought to local waste sorting centres and upcycling stations. Afterwards they are used for production all over Europe. Plastic, e.g., is used to produce car seats.

Nadin Deventer (Festival n.a.t.u.r., GER) Festival n.a.t.u.r. (natürliche Ästhetik trifft urbanen Raum) was founded in 2010, lasts for 12 days and is located in the former industrial area of the city of Bochum.

Regional characteristics  The area is poor due to industrial decline.  Most people belong to the working class.  There has never been much cultural activity because of the area’s industrial past.

Goal  Creating a new identity/changing the identity of the area  By bringing cultural aspects to the people.

Nadine Deventer is director of jazzwerkruhr. In 2013, she also was director of n.a.t.u.r. festival. www.jazzwerkruhr.de, www.jazzplayseurope.eu

Budget  2013 was first time to get public support, amounted to 50% of the whole budget.  The remaining 50% were financed by tickets 7€ /day and advertising.

Location of events o all over the city to confront people with cultural activities.

Festival themes  Sustainability  Upcycling  Food  Participation  Personal responsibility Events  Lectures  Exhibitions  Dance shows and Acts  Concerts

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

33

Session: Degrowth and Events - Alternative concepts for triple bottom line Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER) Nadin Deventer (Festival n.a.t.u.r., GER) 

Workshops and many more. o Examples Young urban gardeners and the festival organisers  used a train station not having been used for 30 years as one of the festival locations,  offered workshops in cooperation with schools and kindergardens and planted the city,  created a playground, made art out of waste,  produced energy for a stage by cycling,  organized a flash mob in the city centre at the festival’s opening.

Community participation  Steadily increasing over the years  Information spreads easily  Support by many young initiatives  Many artists want to become part of the festival.

Summary  Festival n.a.t.u.r. has a huge social and economic impact on people.

Video: How do we want to live? (Wie wollen wir leben?) Festival n.a.t.u.r. 2013

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

34

Session: Audience attitude - Do People behave better in a clean environment?

Host: Sabine Funk, GreenEvents Europe, GER How do people behave when visiting events?

We try to find out whether the environment makes a difference.

Does a clean site promote better behaviour?    

Sabine Funk (GreenEvents Europe, GER, host) Teresa Moore (Bucks University, UK) Morten Therkildsen (Roskilde Festival, DK) Marten Pauls (Campo Events Engeneering / Rock am Ring, GER)

Sabine proposed to discuss the following topics    

How do we view/understand audience behaviour?

And how does this affect the type of interventions we make?

Different styles, different behaviour?

Can we learn from others?

Sabine Funk is CEO of „wissenswerk” and IBIT, board member of the Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V. She is also on the content board of the Yourope Event Safety (YES) Group www.ibit.eu www.soundsfornature.eu

Teresa Moore (Bucks University, UK) ‘Understanding audiences and how to make changes to behaviour’ Teresa proposed to change the view on and the perception of people in crowds, particularly on festivals, in order to make the right interventions and influence their behaviour in the desired way.

Problem  Music festivals are main examples for lack of green behaviour, in particular leaving behind tons of rubbish.  This, however, does not hold for every sort of event. Olympics 2012 were absolutely spotless.  Why does being at different events seem to encourage different kinds of behaviour?

Teresa Moore is Head of Department at Buckinghamshire New University in charge of the University's Music Events and Crowd Safety Management programmes www. bucks.ac.uk

Study  Survey of Bucks University and A Greener Festival among festival goers found an essential attitude/behaviour gap. o Question asked: Who is responsible for minimising the negative impacts of a music festival on the environment? o Festival goers are viewed responsible by 56% in 2008, 79,6% in 2012. o Less than 50% of festival goers, however, have actually changed their behaviour.

Views on audience  Entertainment audiences o Audience members form groups because of merging of common interests  Post-modern audiences o use high tech, present life, mass media o form their opinion as they can search for answers o interaction between promoter/performer and audience o they want you to go out and buy product  We have to understand audience better. Who are they?

Crowd management  We usually perceive crowds as a body of people.  Actually, crowds are made up of individuals who also act as individuals and who can influence each other  change in perception on crowds  How people receive information can influence whether or not they make a good decision.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

35

Session: Audience attitude - Do People behave better in a clean environment?

Host: Sabine Funk, GreenEvents Europe, GER Teresa Moore (Bucks University, UK) ‘Understanding audiences and how to make changes to behaviour’ Mechanism  How crowd managers, stewards, the police, event organisers perceive a crowd may dictate how that crowd is managed.  This perception can itself change the way the crowds behave as  they interact with those who are managing the crowd which  in turn influence how the crowd behaves.

Example Olympics London had to change tactics: They realized that aggressive arrested people were not criminals but people that usually interact in a normal way (e.g. students). Those responsible did not act as usual but changed perceptions.

Summary  We have to look at the transformation and give messages to individual people.  We have to study the relationship between values, attitudes and behavioural intentions on how individuals behave at festivals  Next step: Use our knowledge about why crowds behave in the way they do to o plan the environmental aspects of events, o help us change behaviour.

Discussion Question:  What audience characteristics did auditors experience?

Answers:  Øya Festival, Norway: o very unbalanced crowd compared to society overall. o Tried to positively interact in a relatively easy infrastructure.  Exit Festival, Serbia o : Every band has a different crowd. Important how to deal with specific crowd. o Usually it is easy to predict what kind of crowd is present.

Question:  What do you think of Theresa’s theory of self-fulfilling behaviour?

Answers  Rock am Ring, Germany: o Security tries to be relaxing so that crowd is relaxed as well. o Our actions of course influences actions of the crowd.

Marten Pauls (Campo Events Engineering/Rock am Ring, GER) Festivals  Rock am Ring (RAR) started in 1986, 4 days, 87.500 visitors, sustainability measure since 15 years  ROCK N HEIM (RNH) started in 2013, 3 days, 40.000 visitors, sustainable measures implemented from the start Sustainability measures  RAR: venue (racetrack) certified to EMAS II standard o Festival site: Reusable cups o Campsite: garbage refund system (mandatory)

GreenEvents Europe 2013

Marten Pauls is managing director of Campo Events Engineering and respon-sible for camping, security and crowd issues at Rock am Ring and Rock N Heim festival. www.campo-projects.com

www.green-events-germany.eu

36

Session: Audience attitude - Do People behave better in a clean environment?

Host: Sabine Funk, GreenEvents Europe, GER Marten Pauls (Campo Events Engineering/Rock am Ring, GER) o Quiet camping (voluntary): Like green camping but loud music prohibited o Transportation: special railway discounts, car sharing linked o Wristbands: special green camping edition  RNH: similar to RAR Video: Green Camping @ Rock am Ring

Problems when introducing Green Camping  Sustainable people get „dissed by other visitors and might feel unsafe from time to time  to be addressed by security Visitors’ perspective (survey)  Why register for green camping? o They want to have a more quiet and cleaner camp site (80%) o But they will go to festivals also without green camps Other festivals’ perspective (survey)  Majority is not certified  CO2-footprint measured by 10% only  Most important sustainability measures: waste reduction, catering, energy  Sustainable measure influence visitors’ behaviour, but are not decisive for ticket purchases  Impact on commercial success not pronounced.

What to learn from the survey  Profit: maybe impact on the long run, but no critical issue today  Behaviour: People are open for sustainable measures and ask for them.  Peer effect: most effective source of motivation  Link to behavioural changes What can we do?  Communicate with people! o Make them register to be able to talk to them before, during and after the festival o Have people at the event talk to visitors  Start implementing! o Start with visable measures to achieve changes in behaviour!

Discussion summary Benefit from green camping: less security, less cleaning necessary.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

37

Session: Audience attitude - Do People behave better in a clean environment?

Host: Sabine Funk, GreenEvents Europe, GER Morten Therkildsen, Roskilde Festival, DK ‘Audience attitude – The stress we provide’ Video: Interview with Marten Pauls at GreenEvents Europe Conference 2013

Morten Therkildsen, Roskilde Festival, DK ‘Audience attitude – The stress we provide’ Roskilde Festival lasts for 10 days and has 130,000 visitors. It is a non-profit organisation and follows a strong environmental policy.

Festivals create a stressful environment  Stress factors: change in o Clothes o Free-time habits o Sleeping habits o Eating habits o Living conditions 

Morten Therkildsen is Head of Security, Health and Safety at Roskilde Festival in Denmark. www.roskilde-festival.dk

Result of stress. o Less control of own body and mind. o Faster reaction of fight or flee instinct. o Violence o Theft o Accidents

Ways to minimize stress:  Sports, power naps, meditation, yoga, listen to music, maintain a hobby, eat well, keep a clean environment  Roskilde festival provides more than music, has e.g. a strong food policy (quality), provides other entertainment, keeps a clean environment  Clip: but maybe some wants the stress Discussion Question: Does attitude change if people get older and realise that a festival is too stressful?

People in camps might experience stress and want to change environment to green camps?

Answer: Marten: Green campers at RAR: 50% younger and 50% older than 25.

Q: What about indoor shows?

A: Morten: In and outdoor shows suffer the same problems. If people throw rubbish on the floor; somebody will clean up. It’s important to teaching the audience not to throw things on the floor.

Education the key to everything; Q: How to educate and who to educate? There are different individuals in the post-modern audience!

A: Morten: First communicate to your staff what you want and then teach the staff how to

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

38

Session: Audience attitude - Do People behave better in a clean environment?

Host: Sabine Funk, GreenEvents Europe, GER Morten Therkildsen, Roskilde Festival, DK ‘Audience attitude – The stress we provide’ communicate to the audience why to clean up.

Q: How to rewarding green behavior?

A: Marten: Green camping close to the entrance.

Q: Register tent numbers In order to trace person who left tent?

A: Morton: It’s difficult to control everything at entrance. It seems anmpossible task, but if doable, a pattern will be visible.

Marten: Staff takes personal data at a messy tent. If they don’t take the stuff away they will be charged.

Summary: It’s important to understand the audience! Theory is always behind.

Video: Interview with Morten Therkildsen at GreenEvents Europe Conference 2013

Video: East / West Side Story

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

39

Session: Down the loo II Host: Fabian Schulte-Terboven, IBIT GmbH, GER Rüdiger Heidebrecht (DWA, German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste e.V., GER) ‘Mobile Toilets – What to do with the rest?’

Thousands of people party, eat, drink and...

We continue the session of last year's conference and discuss what happens to the human left-behinds after leaving the site as well as smart mobile and sustainable solutions for events.    

Fabian Schulte-Terboven (IBIT GmbH, GER, host) Rüdiger Heidebrecht (DWA, GER) Hamish Skermer (Natural Event, AUS / UK)

Fabian Schulte-Terboven is managing director of IBIT. www.ibit.eu

‘Down the loo II’ is the follow up of o ‘Down the loo I’ at Green vents 2012 that focused on  everyday challenges in managing the problems of traditional temporary sanitary solutions  Boom Festival’s approach to sustainability and the evolution of composting toilets  ecological mobile toilet solutions o ‘Down the loo II’  provides information on what happens to the tons of left overs when hitting the sewage plants, how to manage the processes and how to comply with the legislation in Germany.  Europe's biggest supplier for compost toilet solutions and a real pioneer in this field will tell us about his long-time experience and the next steps to come.

Rüdiger Heidebrecht (DWA, German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste e.V., GER) ‘Mobile Toilets – What to do with the rest?’

Rüdiger Heidebrecht is Head of Department Training and International Cooperation at DWA, a technical-scientific, non-profit and nongovernmental association.

Problem  There will be shortage of water for 2 out of 3 people in 2025  Using drinking water to flush away our leftovers is a waste of resources.  Provide and keep safe drinking water by using alternative toilets.

Water laws  In Germany, water is very clean o due to water laws on  European and governmental level.

Rüdiger Heidebrecht is Head of Department Training and International Cooperation at DWA. www.dwa.de

Harmonised waste removal technology in Europe required  No harmonized European standards of waste removal technology exist.  DWA will be developing such standards.

How to reduce waste of water at events?  Mobile toilets with chemistry o No water needed  Mobile Compost Toilets o No water needed o Organic material to stop odour/digestion

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

40

Session: Down the loo II Host: Fabian Schulte-Terboven, IBIT GmbH, GER Rüdiger Heidebrecht (DWA, German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste e.V., GER) ‘Mobile Toilets – What to do with the rest?’ 

Problem: In Germany, for o chemistry toilets: standards for waste disposal exist o compost toilets: no standards for waste disposal exist

Treatment plant  Waste goes to treatment plants.  Gas is used for energy production.  Sewage sludge used as fertilizer.  Clean water goes back into rivers.

Handover problems of waste  One of the biggest problems is handover of waste.

New Wastewater Technologies  Dry toilets and separation toilets Summary  Alternatives in waste disposal should be developed to keep drinking water and to avoid waste of resources.

Discussion summary  DWA does not support chemical toilets and does not want to harm the environment. But they have to deal with the wastewater situation. In order to come up with new alternatives chemical toilets are one where standards for waste disposal exist.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

41

Session: Down the loo II Host: Fabian Schulte-Terboven, IBIT GmbH, GER Hamish Skermer (Natural Event, AUS/UK) ‘Flatpacking Composting Toilet for temporary communities lacking sanitation infrastructure’ Hamish Skermer developed flat packing composting toilets for temporary communities.

Problem  Lack of sanitation infrastructure like on most festivals requires setting up temporary toilets.  This requires organizing o leftover deposition, collection – solid liquid separation, transportation, treatment, application to land  You pay for that a clean loo by buying a ticket for an event.

Hamish Skermer is Managing Director of Natural Event Europe Ltd. www.naturalevent.co.uk

Solution  Foldable Compost toilets o Useful  to be used everywhere. o Important for refugee camps o Flatpacking saves transportation energy.

How to make toilets on events more attractive?  Doors are decorated by artworks  Books are provided in the booths  Brings culture to the loo.  It’s a part of psychology.

How to provide a barrier to disease vectors and avoid smell?  Key factor: Addition of carbon  Initial input of carbon supply required for o self perpetuation of the production of carbon from the composted toilet material.  Primary/secondary industries producing woodchip/sawdust/organic matter need to be supported and brought into the loop.

Environmental impact  Eutrophication, pathogens and the relation between concentration and pollution.  People should be inspired to compost at home.  Food can even be grown from shit without doing anything.

Impact on legislation in EU countries  No standards in waste disposal of compost toilets o Yet, England 2011: Policy development for storage, treatment, application to land of composting toilet material o Recognition of its system and processes  2013 First German Event – Dockville, Hamburg Summary  Compost toilets are a good solution in the future.  Festivals offer almost unique opportunity to collect large volumes of poo.  We have a responsibility to engage with rule makers.  Set bench marks and allow standing for results meeting those benchmarks

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

42

Session: Down the loo II Host: Fabian Schulte-Terboven, IBIT GmbH, GER Hamish Skermer (Natural Event, AUS/UK) ‘Flatpacking Composting Toilet for temporary communities lacking sanitation infrastructure’ Video: Interview with Hamish Skermer at GreenEvents Europe Conference 2013

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

43

Session: The Elephant Round – Is Bono killing polar bears?

Host: Jacob Bilabel, Green Music Initiative, GER This not too serious talk shop with "heavyweights" of the scene marks the end of the program of day one. The round onstage will discuss artist and organizer responsibility as well as general issues of event sustainability and carry over the discussion to the audience.

Participants  Holger Jan Schmidt (Green Events Europe, GER, sidekick)  Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER, host)  Claire O´Neill (A Greener Festival, UK)  Vladimir Vodalov (Exit Festival, SER)  Carl A H Martin (Arena & Stadia Design/Operational Consultant, UK)  Carsten Schumacher (Festivalguide Magazine, GER)

During this session, general issues of event sustainability were discussed. Another focus of the debate lay on the responsibility of artists and organizers in matters of sustainability.

Welcoming and introduction of the speakers (Jacob Bilabel) To begin with, Holger-Jan Schmidt shows a clip of the Paris concert of Coldplay´s 2012 tour (click pic below to show clip). He explains that during these concerts so-called Xylobands (wristbands) were used, consisting of plastic, a battery, LED etc. to make them glow in the dark. Every ticket holder got one of these wristbands for use during the concert. The effect was really impressive – but at the same time a great amount of energy and waste was produced.

Video: Coldplay “Paradise” featuring the Xyloband effect

Question to the discussion round: How far can we go for a good show? Do we want ‘modest’ artists on stage?

Most of the panellists clearly say: No – Artists shouldn´t have to and cannot be modest at the expense of a good show.

Vladimir Vodalov points out that, economically, it´s almost impossible to do a proper show while acting sustainably. But artists could help in bringing up awareness. If they transport the message consistently they are able to influence their audience.

Sebastian Fleiter (audience, The Electric Hotel) emphasizes how important it is to foster awareness.

Has there been a change during the last decades concerning awareness?

Carsten Schumacher and Claire O´Neill agree that feeling responsible for the environment is not deeply rooted in concert culture anymore - teenagers no longer feel that `being green´ is ‘cool’, it is rather regarded as an ‘adult matter’.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

44

Session: The Elephant Round – Is Bono killing polar bears?

Host: Jacob Bilabel, Green Music Initiative, GER On the responsibility of festivals Marten Pauls (audience, Campo Events Engineering/Rock am Ring) states that 80% of the festival audience think sustainability to be important. Still, they buy a ticket because they want to see the bands – they would not stop buying if a festival is not sustainable. However, many visitors request a ‘sustainable area’ during the festival and by fulfilling their requests organizers can educate people.

Vladimir Vodalov adds that festivals as part of society are responsible because they can reach kids, influence them, and change their behaviour. It´s important to create awareness, make the younger generation realize that it lies in their responsibility to take care of their own and their children´s future.

On awareness and responsibility Morten Therkildsen (audience, Roskilde Festival, DK) points out how important the few small steps are everybody is able to take (low hanging fruits).

Attendant (audience): There´s a difference between being a teacher and being a preacher (turning into a political activist): You have to be an example yourself.

Marten Pauls: We have to be careful when speaking for people who maybe don’t want us to.

Jacob Bilabel: It makes sense to communicate, share experiences, but there are still blind spots, it is ok to be unable to cover them all up.

On awareness and hedonism Attendant (audience): There´s been a change in awareness - hedonistic Rock ‘n Roll with a conscience is imaginable.

Carsten Schumacher argues that it´s possible to combine both - be responsible and feel hedonistic at the same time.

Claire O´Neill, too, stresses that one can be hedonistic, not trash the place and still have a wild time Another video from Hurricane Festival is presented Rock musicians are interviewed concerning their own attitude towards sustainability. It becomes obvious that most of them feel responsible as a private person but it is much more difficult to comply with that behavior as a rock musician.

Carl A H Martin argues that artists don’t want to expose themselves to ridicule, that’s why they play a role.

Jacob Bilabel, too, points to the difference of being asked as a rock star or as a human being.

Concluding questions to the discussion round: 1. What was your most awkward moment when dealing with sustainability?

2. What do you wish the person to your lefthould do?

Carsten Schumacher: 1. In the 90s, in a festival’ last night everyone burnt what he or she didn’t want to take home.

2. To Vladimir Vodalov: Help us making sustainability a cool thing!

Vladimir Vodalov: 1. Remembering a 4-day-festival during which waste was separated. Then the transporter came and put everything into one truck.

2. To Claire O´Neill: Continue what you are doing!

Claire O´Neill: 1. Telling moment: At Leeds Festival, we had the Love Your Tent campaign and cartoon displayed to take the tents home. Then the artist came on stage and told people to go back to the campsite and burn their tents.

2. To Jacob Bilabel: Create a series of animations telling people how to be sustainable!

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

45

Session: The Elephant Round – Is Bono killing polar bears?

Host: Jacob Bilabel, Green Music Initiative, GER

Jacob Bilabel: 1. When his mother asked him how he could still fly while doing so much for sustainability he realized that many things can’t be changed easily. One has to find a way to deal with that conflict.

2. To Carl A H Martin: Go on fulfilling the role of a father figure, being someone who pushes others at the right moment!

Holger Jan Schmidt: 1. Moment of disappointment: After having prepared a festival and put a lot of effort into it, someone set fire to 15 toilets the night before opening.

2. Wish to everybody: Help the Green Team and be part of it!

Summary: It became clear that responsibility has to be seen from two perspectives, from the artists’ as well as from organizers’ and festivals’ point of view. On the one hand, it is hard or almost impossible to have a good show and be sustainable at the same time – because the audience wants to be entertained. On the other hand, artists can use their influence on the audience to create awareness. Festivals and organizers are responsible, too, however.

To create awareness, it is vital how the importance of sustainability is communicated to the audience.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

46

Session: The plastic session - can we avoid plastic?

Host: Teresa Moore, Bucks University, UK Claire O'Neill (A Greener Festival, UK) ‘Plastics in the Ocean’ Plastics play a key part in our lives. New plastic goods are produced, old ones are recycled. Do we produce too much plastic? Which are the consequences for us and the planet?

Participants  Teresa Moore (Bucks University, UK, host)  Claire O'Neill (A Greener Festival, UK)  Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival / Powerful Thinking, UK)  Dr. Ingo Sartorius (Plastics Europe, GER)

Teresa Moore is Head of Department at Buckinghamshire New University in charge of the University's Music Events and Crowd Safety Management programmes. www.bucks.ac.uk

Claire O'Neill (A Greener Festival, UK) ‘Plastics in the Ocean’ Problem  Millions of tons of plastic waste are polluting the oceans o kills huge numbers of aquatic animals o its fouling may spread harmful algae and other invasive species o serves as a transport medium for POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) o accumulating in the food chain.  Plastic polluting the ocean is trapped in five gyres, i.e. areas of high concentration, covering 40% of the planet.  It causes huge costs due to o loss in tourism, vessel damages, beach clean-ups – on the long run also health expenditures.

Claire O’Neill is Co-founder of A Greener Festival, and General Manager of the Association of Independent Festivals. www.agreenerfestival.com

Examples  Andamon island (150km from Indonesia), growing tourism causes waste problem  Midway Island (North Pacific Gyre, 2,000km from any landmass), birds die of plastic pollution o Red plastics let birds think it’s food/meat Solution  Ocean Cleanup Arrays using booms that o collect the plastic particles o separate plastics from plancton o the ratio being 6/1 already  In 2000-4000m depth o depth waste cannot be collected o can cause disrupting the whole ecosystem Summary:  Proper global waste management neede.  Awareness of the problems our garbage is creating.  Get out what's already trapped by the currents of the gyres.  

„Humankind has not woven the web of life. We are but one thread with it. Whatever we do to the web we do to ourselves. All things are bound together. All things are connected.” Chief Seattle, 1855.

“We will require a substantially new manner of thinking if Mankind is to survive.” Albert Einstein

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

47

Session: The plastic session - can we avoid plastic?

Host: Teresa Moore, Bucks University, UK Claire O'Neill (A Greener Festival, UK) ‘Plastics in the Ocean’

Video: Interview with Claire O’Neill at GreenEvents Europe 2013

Video: Midway Island, North Pacific Ocean

Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival/Powerful Thinking, UK) ‘Eliminating Disposable Plastics. A case study from Shambala 2013’ Chris Johnson is Co-founder and a Director of Shambala Festival and is a Director of Operations at Kambe Events.

Problem  More than 60% of waste thrown on the ground at festivals is plastic pint cups and bottles Chris Johnson is co-founder and a director of Shambala  This incurs clearance and waste mgnt costs, makes festival Festival. He is also co-founder experience less pleasant and chair of Powerful Thinking. www.powerful-thinking.org.uk  Bottled water impact www.shambalafestival.org o Typically 2000 times as expensive as domestic tap water o Often lower in quality o Huge ecological burden as waste endangers ecosystems o Pollution of our own food chain with tiny plastic nodules o Massive contribution to green house gasses through production and transportation o Mass-scale pollution of rivers and oceans o Risk to wildlife o Very resource-inefficient way to consume generally.

How to eliminate plastics at Shambala Festival?

1. Bring a Bottle campaign (more hits on fb than when showing line-up) o Onsite sale of bottled water banned o Clear communication on all platforms ensured festival goers were aware of the initiative o Improved permanent water infrastructure onsite to increase capacity o Charity FRANK Water provided free chilled filtered water on all the bars 2. Using re-usable, washable cups on all of the bars o 1 £ cup levy for the first drink at the bar o Subsequent glasses exchanged free of charge o Glasses washed offsite by glass provider ECO CUP

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

48

Session: The plastic session - can we avoid plastic? ’Host: Teresa Moore, Bucks University, UK Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival/Powerful Thinking, UK) ‘Eliminating Disposable Plastics. A case study from Shambala 2013’ Success of initiative  75,000 plastic cups & 10,000 plastic water bottles prevented from being used once, thrown away or recycled  Waste reduction by 10t (20%): 54t in 2012 to 44t in 2013  Cups initiative alone saved 1 ton of plastic  Initiatives were cost-neutral to the festival overall  Cleaner environment improved audience experience  High level of audience engagement in plastics-associated issues What do people think?  Most people liked campaign idea and brought own bottles  1/3 of people drank more water  87% were happy to hold on to their reusable bar cups  90%: fair to charge 1 £ levy for first cup Challenges  20% of cups were taken home as souvenirs;  63% would have returned the cup on their way out if there was an incentive  Soft drink consumption out of tab is still a problem to solve.

What next?

Making waves: a guide to reducing disposable plastics at outdoors events Video: Interview with Chris Johnson at GreenEvents Europe Conference 2013

Dr. Ingo Sartorius (Plastics Europe, GER) ‘Facts about plastics and environment’ What Plastics Europe does?  Statistical surveys, technical demonstration projects  Waste management concept for plastics o Vision: no plastics-containing waste to landfill o Information & education: plastics is too valuable to be thrown away  Knowledge transfer project within EU  Marine litter o Global declaration o Supporting projects, e.g. Gesamp/UN, MARLISCO o New project of producers „zero pellet loss under chemical industry‘s

GreenEvents Europe 2013

Dr. Ingo Sartorius is Head of the Department Consumer and Environmental Affairs of Plastics Europe Germany. www.plasticseurope.de

www.green-events-germany.eu

49

Session: The plastic session - can we avoid plastic? ’Host: Teresa Moore, Bucks University, UK Dr. Ingo Sartorius (Plastics Europe, GER) ‘Facts about plastics and environment’ Sectors’ plastics end-use demand (2012)  Total 45.9 Mio t  Packaging: 39,4% , Building & Construction: 20.3%, , Automotive: 8.8%, E & E: 5.2%  Others: consumer, household, appliances, furniture, agriculture, medical, etc.: 26.6% Sustainability of plastics  They are sustainable and save resources throughout the value chain  Resource-saving potential o Use phase  highest, o End-of-life state  Smallest, even with optimised utilisation  must not counteract resource-saving potential during product use Plastics waste management  Germany top level in Europe o nearly no plastics waste is dumped to landfill  Key target o recovery rather than landfill  Recovery options o material and energy recovery o contribute to saving (material and energy) resources o Option chosen in practice depends on e.g. waste quality, technology, competition, marketing of final products, ...  Recycling from end-user household streams o limited due to mixed and soiled qualities o modern technologies will improve Summary  Networking and dialogue is the key to success Discussion summary  Plastics environmental footprint, not just the carbon footprint and the parameters to be included in environmental assessments: It’s important to find a balance between the most effective impact categories (biodiversity e.g.).  Hotspots of environmental assessment: The answer depends on the individual application and differs according to the specific frame conditions. 

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

50

Session: From bad to good – Upcycling Host: Sabine Funk, GreenEvents Europe, GER Marie Sabot (We love green/We Love Art, FRA) The best concept ever: converting worthless things into valuable objects and save money and resources. Waste is too good for the waste bin.    

Sabine Funk (Sounds for Nature Foundation, GER, host) Marie Sabot (We Love Art, FRA) Cathérine Bartholomé (Chrysocolla Marketing, GER) Birgit Böhm (Wandelwerte e.V., GER)

Sabine Funk is CEO of wissenswerk and IBIT GmbH and board member of the Sounds For Nature Foundation www.ibit.eu www.soundsfornature.eu

Marie Sabot (We love green/We Love Art, FRA) We Love Green Festival: 20.000 attendees, 3 days, location Parc de Bagatelle, Paris, (ISO 14001 certified) with fully eco-responsible management We Love Green Festival’s goals  Preservation of parc, Reduction of co2 emissions  Solar energy o creating own solar generator  we love green power  Eco friendly technologies  research on new production methods and test on location  Sustainable scenography  Transport optimisation & waste management  Water optimization  Local & slow food  Sensitizing the audience

Marie Sabot is founder of We Love Green Festival. www.weloveart.net www.welovegreen.fr

Raw material – Where does it come from?  We Love Green resource throughout the year  stocks of raw materials essential for scenographic festival production.  Ephemeral events (parades, living ready to wear, show room ..)  Exhibitions on recycling themes  Ecological architecture Creative opportunities  We Love Green provides students and volunteers a vast place of creation within Paris.  For 2 years, volunteers have settled Halle Freyssinet during the first 2 weeks of September  Build furniture, signage and other elements then transported to the park  Workshops on o Signage and lettering that will display the various information on the festival o Furniture design (seating, bins, etc.), o Construction of pavilions, artwork etc..

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

51

Session: From bad to good – Upcycling Host: Sabine Funk, GreenEvents Europe, GER Cathérine Bartholomé (Chrysocolla Marketing, GER) Birgit Böhm (Wandelwerte e.V., GER) ‘Wandelwerte (Convertible Values) & Sustainable Festivals’ Achievement in production workshop 2012  Pavillion exposure Sensual City Studio (Jacques Ferrier) 100m2  Exhibition pavilion, sensory pathways  Furniture design by young designers (tables and chairs, lounge area)  Sculptures of animals  Creating a great artistic fresco fabric  Getting scene and creating the lettering entry site What does the workshop offer for students?  Acquire techniques of manufacturing and construction  Develop a project from conception to its realization  Meet artists and professionals  Foster ties between students and create inter-schools links  Experiment/create with existing materials  contemporary ecoresponsible approach Recycling of creations workshop  Sale of artistic creations on the website We love green  Festival-goers can acquire tables, chairs, sculptures ... after the event  Distribution in municipal areas of the city of Paris.  Distribution to partner schools (Camondo, art deco ...)

Cathérine Bartholomé (Chrysocolla Marketing, GER) Birgit Böhm (Wandelwerte e.V., GER) ‘Wandelwerte (Convertible Values) & Sustainable Festivals’ Birgit Böhm is assistant board member of Wandelwerte e.V., Cathérine Cathérine owns the marketing agency Chrysocolla specialized on ecological event management and sustainable marketing.

Problem  Global increase of waste in the future  Huge amount of waste at festivals

Birgit Böhm is assistant board member of Wandelwerte e.V. www.wandelwerte.de www.mensch-und-region.de

Solutions  Cradle to cradle! (Braungart und McDonough) o reduce, reuse o recycle, recover o Rethink, renovate o Regulate  Very important: AVOID Waste genesis! And UPCYCLE! How to achieve behavioural changes?  Social innovation  Shift of values in regional consumption and production processes o Information and raising awareness o Participation o Developing new products o Business start-ups

GreenEvents Europe 2013

Cathérine Bartholomé owns the marketing agency Chrysocolla. www.chrysocolla-marketing.de

www.green-events-germany.eu

52

Session: From bad to good – Upcycling Host: Sabine Funk, GreenEvents Europe, GER Cathérine Bartholomé (Chrysocolla Marketing, GER) Birgit Böhm (Wandelwerte e.V., GER) ‘Wandelwerte (Convertible Values) & Sustainable Festivals’

DEICHBAND – A challenge  Approx. 140 t waste per year at DEICHBAND Rock festival  Find new ways of using waste materials o tents & pavilions (fibreglass poles, tarpaulin) / plastic cups, plates, tables & chairs / beer cans / cool boxes / grills  Communicate waste & sustainability problems at a festival  Be part of Green Camp activities / make camp more interesting  No budget

Our Activities  Graffitiworkshop  Exhibition - communicate the idea of upcycling & sustainability  Upcycling workshops What we achieved  Finding out, what is necessary to move towards waste-free events  Starting a continuous process of improvement  Advertising upcycling products  Finding out, whether these products are accepted  Promoting processes of raising awareness  Reaching a large group of young, open-minded people having time, leisure and interest in innovations  Developing products that can be used on festivals

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

53

Session: Technic Forum – Technical Solutions for Special Problems Host: Fabian Schulte-Terboven, IBIT, GER Jakob de Proft (Sheltercare, BE) Here the floor is given to new tools and innovations. In addition to efficient stage production approaches (PA Team) and a special shelter system to reduce camping waste (Sheltercare International) new technical solutions from other relevant fields of event production will be presented.    

Fabian Schulte-Terboven (IBIT GmbH, GER, host) Jakob de Proft (Sheltercare, BE) Thomas Kläser (PA Team, GER) Nizar Müller (Rhenus Recycling GmbH, GER)

Fabian Schulte-Terboven is managing director of IBIT. www.Ibit.eu

Jakob de Proft, Sheltercare, BE Jacob de Proft is founder of SHELTERCARE International designing and producing camping tents for rental purposes during music festivals and other mass events.

Background  Devastating effect of thousands of young people leaving or even burning camping waste.  Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics: make good decisions to protect the world around us.

Jacob de Proft is founder of Sheltercare International. www.sheltercare.info

Options to reduce campsite waste  Encourage festival visitors to leave a clean campsite (e.g. Love Your Tent campaign)  Pickup and recycle tents that are left behind  Festivals organize the campsite themselves Festival provision of tents  Problems o Workload; financial, safety, image risks; organisational complexity  Sell tents o Tents should be recyclable (e.g. GLAD system)  Rental tents provided on campsite  That is what Sheltercare offers o Requirements  Reusable (being cleaned after use)  Recyclable (only recyclable material is used)  Very fast pitching (less than a minute)  Easy maintenance and storage – Short term storage: up to a couple of days in a truck – Long term storage: tents should be dried (loops at the inside for inside out storage)  High comfort  High safety (cannot burn, organized lane for fire fighters)  Effective use of space (pre-arranged location, adjustable pitching distance)  Reasonable pricing Summary  Sheltercare system of re-useable rental tents is a serious alternative providing o Extra income for the camping site, o More security o More effective use of space o Substantial lower ecological footprint

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

54

Session: Technic Forum – Technical Solutions for Special Problems Host: Fabian Schulte-Terboven, IBIT, GER Thomas Kläser (PA Team, GER) ‘Efficient local technical production’ Video: Sheltercare – the alternative

Thomas Kläser, PA Team, GER ‘Efficient local technical production’ Thomas Kläser is CEO and project manager of PA-Team Medientechnik GmbH, a service provider in the areas audio, light, and special constructions. He focuses on a holistic approach of production in the festival and touring area, in production management, event technology, energy supply, siteworks.

Problem  Can productions be more efficient but still providing 100% performance for the system? o Cost reduction o Reduction of ecological footprint  How are economic and ecological issues related?

Thomas Kläser is CEO and project manager of PA-Team Medientechnik GmbH. www.pa-team.com

Example  Open Air music event  Departments involved: Rigging, Audio, Lights, LED/Video  Focus: Lighting and Rigging Which questions to ask?  Which positions can be changed?  Which lamp types can be substituted?  How to minimize power and load?  Which functions are needed?

Results  Changing equipment but still providing 100% performance for the system  reduced production budget by 47%! o Reduced requirements with regard to  energy supply (no generators), load, people, trucks, catering  Fixturing/lamp influenced more than 14 other production departments!

Summary  Analysing potential for changes and implementing them cut production costs by nearly 50%.  100% performance for the system was maintained.  Economic and ecological issues went hand in hand.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

.

55

Session: Technic Forum – Technical Solutions for Special Problems Host: Fabian Schulte-Terboven, IBIT, GER Nizar Müller (Rhenus Recycling GmbH, GER) ‘mobile deposit solutions – Reverse Vending Machines for European outdoor events’ Nizar Müller, Rhenus Recycling GmbH, GER ‘mobile deposit solutions – Reverse Vending Machines for European outdoor events’ Rhenus Recycling GmbH is a logistics service company with global operations.

Problem  Negative effects of beverage container littering on events Nizar Müller is responsible for o Valuable resources, like PET and aluminum get lost irrevocably the Business Development o Lost proceeding from sale of secondary raw materials Department of Rhenus o Increase of unwanted deposit scavengers in deposit markets or Recycling GmbH. www.rhenus.com events where a voluntary deposit is applied o Increased costs for final cleaning of event site - collection and disposal of litter o Risk potential for injuries o Negative impact on sustainability reputation of organizers, sponsors and the event as such What can we do?  Creating a sustainability strategy that is visible!

What Rhenus offers  Mobile recycling concept for (non)-deposit plastic containers, cans & cups  Reverse Vending Machines (RVMs) take beverage containers (cups) back o Single use containers: volume reduced inside RVMs for efficient storage and devaluation. o Multiple use containers: stored undestroyed, transported back to filling industry, where they are washed and refilled. o Full service provision: maintaining, emptying RVMs, interim storage of containers and cups. o Deposit markets:  Consumers pay a deposit when acquiring the container  Deposit fully paid back returning the container o Non-deposit markets  „Payback solutions incentivizing people to return their containers to dedicated locations – Competition (e.g. Meet-&-greet tickets) – Incentives (t-shirts, accessoires,...)

– Vouchers (regio or online supermarkets) – Donations – Cash Costs and benefits  Costs o Daily rent for full-service solution  Benefits o Reduction of events’ waste management and personnel costs

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

56

Session: Good Food – Good Mood Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER) Nadja Flohr-Spence (Slow Food Deutschland e.V., GER) ‘Slow Food Youth Network – Who we are and why we care about food’ We present more smart catering solutions and good practice from the wide field of food and beverage.     

Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling / Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER, host) Christof Hertel (Deutscher Evangelischer Kirchentag, GER) Nadja Flohr-Spence (Slow Food Deutschland e.V., GER) Jacqui Reeves (Fareshare, UK) Mathilde Régnard (Cabaret Vert, FRA)

Friederike Behr is founder of Eco Controlling Gbr and works at the Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities in Essen. www.eco-controlling.de www.kulturwissenschaften.de

Nadja Flohr-Spence (Slow Food Deutschland e.V., GER) ‘Slow Food Youth Network – Who we are and why we care about food’ Nadja Flohr-Spence is event/project coordinator for Slow Food Germany and Slow Food Youth Network.

Problem  Food wasted at all stages of the food chain; worldwide more than 30% o Farming: 40% of entire crop; Retail: 14 - 50 kg/year, o Consumers: 6 – 12% of household waste  Non-marketable veggies and ugly fruits o not harvested due to food industry’s strict cosmetic requirements

Nadja Flohr-Spence is event/project coordinator for Slow Food Germany and Slow Food Youth Network. www.slowfood.de www.slowfoodyouth.de

Raise awareness for food waste  Schnippeldisko/Disco soup o People peel, cut and prepare  Non-marketable misshapen ugly vegetables and fruits  Sourced from local farms and markets  Prevented from being wasted o DJs or bands play dance music o Free distribution of prepared soups and salads to general public  Growing grassroots movement o spreads internationally, e.g.  New York (Disco soup), Amsterdam (Disco Soep), Paris, Nantes (Disco Soupe), South Korea (Yori Gamu)  Similar ideas o MesseResteEssen, Foodsharing Disco @ Greenville Festival What can festivals do?  Schnippeldisko good option for festivals  connecting farmers to festivals and vice versa o Nearby farmers can deliver ugly food and vegetables at low costs o Festivals provide music anyhow o Festivals offer healthy vegetarian food o Raise awareness of festival goers for food waste  Social aspect o Creating additional income for farmers o Opening opportunities for crowd funding of farmers’ necessary investments

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

57

Session: Good Food – Good Mood Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER) Christoph Hertel (Evangelischer Kirchentag, German Protestant Church Day Hamburg 2013, GER) ‘Soviel du brauchst – As much as you need’ Culinary upcycling at GreenEvents 2013  Collection of non-marketable veggies and fruits at regional farms around Bonn by o Slow Food Youth Network members (N. Flohr-Spence, H. Haase, K. Schwermer-Funke).  Provision peeling, chopping, cooking of Green vents’ second day lunch by o Slow Food Youth members and students from Bonn University  Green vents’ second day lunch o prevented lots of veggies/fruits from being wasted, offered delicious vegetarian meal Summary  Shake the hands that feeds you!  Music tastes better with good, clean and fair food of farmers and caterers that care Discussion Roman Dashuber, Green Music Initiative: Festivals are new target group not only interested in consuming but wanting to participate in the events they join.

Christoph Hertel (Evangelischer Kirchentag, German Protestant Church Day Hamburg 2013, GER) ‘Soviel du brauchst – As much as you need’ The German Protestant Church Day is a biannual five-day church gathering with great motivation for environmental actions.

Goal of German Protestant Church Day  Be the most environmental friendly big event in Germany Facts  Ecocontrolling - EMAS-certified  „Testfield for environmental innovations, e.g. o Climate-efficient catering, transportation, recycled paper use, bike friendliness, cargo bikes Similarity to festivals  Church Day Hamburg 2013: o 100.000 registered participants, 40.000 daily visitors, 50.000 volunteers. o 2.500 single events (3.080 hours) o 800 concerts.

Christof Hertel develops and manages environmental projects for the German Protestant Church Day. www.kirchentag.de/umwelt

KleVer – climate-efficient concept for food supply on major events  Improvements between 2007 and 2013 o Organic food share more than doubled to 56% o fair-traded tee and coffee in all cafes (+20%)  Reduction of CO2-Emissions by 48% (979t to 532t).

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

58

Session: Good Food – Good Mood Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER) Jacqui Reeves (FareShare South West, UK) ‘Fare Share’ Actions for improvement  Beverage and menu design  Vegetarian dish is menu no. 1! o Tab water, less meat, reduction in milk fat o Transparent restaurant (Gläsernes Restaurant) for seasonal, vegetarian and fair food o Organic market (Naturkostmarkt), o Organic & fair breakfast in all accommodations  Vegetarian dish placed at a an eye-catching position on the buffet  Calculation and organising food reuse  Climate-friendly equipment and material (refillable bottles, no aluminium foil)  Concept communication by ads, info (private hosts and participants), seminars, trainings Summary  Further ideas to work more upstream and downstream  More potential to be used!  Try, test and spread the word!  Good Food – Good Work and Mood!

Discussion Roman Dashuber, Green Music Initiative: Eye-catching placement on buffet is a very interesting point comparable to marketing strategies of supermarkets.

Jacqui Reeves (FareShare South West, UK) ‘Fare Share’ Jacqui Reeves is Project Director of FareShare Southwest. FareShare is a national charity taking food from the food industry that would be wasted and gives this to organisations working with vulnerable people (hostels, woman’s projects, refugee projects and children’s projects . Amounted to more than 10 million meals.

Problem Jacqui Reeves is Project DIrector  Global issue of food poverty even in developed countries of FareShare Southwest.  All the worlds poorest people to be lifted out of food poverty on www.faresharesouthwest.org.uk USA and Europe’s surplus  Huge waste of food that did not reach a shop, but is within the distribution/manufacturing line o due to e,g, promotion, short date, barcode not working, retailers rejection o In UK, 30% of the vegetable crop is never harvested as a result of its look or size.  Immense food waste on festivals (e.g. Glastonbury Festival: 50-75 t each year, 178,500 meals) How to change the situation on festivals?  Attending events with food to promote FairShare  Developing catering project: catering, buffets and festivals o Serving fine dining food at three big festivals in 2013 o Fundraising opportunity o Social side effect: Up-skilling of volunteers in catering and hospitality (80)  Pro bono exchange  FareShare’s fine dining restaurant for collecting good quality food waste when festival ends! o FareShare is expert in developing systems/procedures to ensure keeping food safe

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

59

Session: Good Food – Good Mood Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER) Mathilde Régnard (Le Cabaret Vert, FRA) ‘Sustainable catering policy’ Benefit for festivals  Gaining a great Corporate Social Responsibility with a charity and with their own community  Caterers at events and festivals are rather attentive to food waste Future plans  Research on o location of and reasons for food waste, sources and hotspots  Best practice toolkit on o avoidance of food waste o distribution of unavoidable food waste  Consulting and building a network in the UK and beyond o for events, festivals and charity  Partnership with organisations such as A Greener Festival and NCASS (Caterers Association)  Induce caterers to obtain more local food delivered on a daily basis  Work closely with recycling companies to ensure food is separated  Consult with policy makers, local councils, government etc. to encourage policy changes

Mathilde Régnard (Le Cabaret Vert, FRA) ‘Sustainable catering policy’ The Eco-Rock Festival ‘Le Cabaret Vert’ takes place in the French Department Les Ardennes.

Goals  Le Cabaret Vert pursues a sustainable catering policy.

Mathilde Régnard is

sustainability manager at the Philosophy eco-rock festival Cabaret Vert.  enhancing www.cabaretvert.com o local area o good reputation  attractiveness of the region by increasing the economic regional impact

What Le Cabaret Vert does  Sell local and regional products  Participants o 48% come for drinks and food, 45 % are from the local area.  Managers put a lot of effort in upgrading food supply w.r.t. o supplier o origin  seasonality (especially of fish and meat) o quality o production progress o Meat is not banned yet, but palm oil products are. o Beverage  Beer, fruit juice, coffee & hot beverage, free water  No partnership with beverage industry.  No beer travels more than 60 km  Orange juice is banned due to its climate-damaging impact. o Every food store uses organic crockery only.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

60

Session: Good Food – Good Mood Host: Friederike Behr (Eco Controlling/Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen, GER) Mathilde Régnard (Le Cabaret Vert, FRA) ‘Sustainable catering policy’  

Organic waste sorting Recycling of disposable crockery

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

61

Session: The Power Panel Host: Sebastian Fleiter (The Electric Hotel, GER)

Many events and festivals in particular are small, temporary biospheres that deal with the same problems and developments that are relevant in larger society, only under laboratory conditions. What a chance to try out new concepts small scale that could be taken over to the real world. Take electricity, for example.    

Sebastian Fleiter (The Electric Hotel, GER, host) Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival / Powerful Thinking, UK) Paul Schurink (ZAP, NL) Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER)

Sebastian Fleiter is touring the festival scene with his mobile utopian project The Electric Hotel. www.the-electric-hotel.com www.stromodrom.de/

Sebastian Fleiter (The Electric Hotel, GER)

Video: Interview with Sebastian Fleiter at GreenEvents Europe 2013

Video: The Electric Hotel @ Shambala 2013

Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival/Powerful Thinking, UK) ‘Powerful Thinking’ Chris Johnson is Co-founder and a Director of Shambala Festival and is a Festival. One of his goals is to making festivals more sustainable. Research has shown that power is one of the most pressing issues in this area.

Problem  99% of emissions at UK festivals are diesel  Only 1% renewable Importance for festivals  Cost of fuel  Audience pressure/brand integrity  Reduce carbon footprint

Chris Johnson is co-founder and a director of Shambala Festival. He is also co-founder and chair of Powerful Thinking. www.powerful-thinking.org.uk www.shambalafestival.org

Management of power at festivals  Monitoring generators at eight festivals in 2012 o Inefficient generator use due to  lack of information about requirements o Load factor varied during the day

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

62

Session: The Power Panel Host: Sebastian Fleiter (The Electric Hotel, GER) Chris Johnson (Shambala Festival/Powerful Thinking, UK) ‘Powerful Thinking’ Goals to achieve  Reduced emissions  Reduced cost  Increased awareness  Increased transparency How to achieve these goals  Shambala festival o Transition to renewable power o 20% fuel saved between 2011 and 2012 despite increasing capacity o Fewer machines o 50% carbon footprint reduction per person per day in 4 years Guide The Power Behind Festivals A Greener Festival – Power Behind Festivals Guide 2013 (pdf)  Summary of current situation  Guide to temporary power types  Case studies and tips  Glossary  Action lists and next steps Discussion  The carbon emission is calculated by a green tool provided for free by Julies Bicycle

Paul Schurink (ZAP, NL) ‘Smart Power for Events’ ZAP Concepts B.V. offers consultancy in energy and sustainability.

How to handle energy?  Trias Energetica 1. Minimize the demand for energy 2. Use sustainable energy 3. If necessary, use fossil fuels as cleanly and efficiently as possible

Paul Schurink runs his own company ZAP Concepts B.V.. www.zapnow.nl

Diesel generators  Characteristics o Flexible o Easy to operate o Robust o Optimal proportion: power/size  Optimal use o Optimize required power and energy needed o Optimize Efficiency: optimal working range: 50 – 80% of the nominal capacity  Sizable cost reduction in fuel consumption and emission reduction possible (up to > 50%)

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

63

Session: The Power Panel Host: Sebastian Fleiter (The Electric Hotel, GER) Paul Schurink (ZAP, NL) ‘Smart Power for Events’’ Alternatives  Hybrid generator  Solar power  Wind  Hydrogen fuel cell generator  Mobile battery storage Conclusion  Problems of an event’s energy supply are similar to challenges of a SMART GRID. Discussion Q: Why is using renewable energy no alternative for you?

A: If a grid connection is available always use it. But many festivals do not have one.

A: Many festival organizers do not know how much energy they are going to need at their festivals.

Therefore, communication between festivals and power supplier are so important.

Q: Does an in-house expert provide a solution, who has all the knowledge about energy supply?

A: Mostly very hard to implement, because a whole team would be needed.

A: Many festivals buy too much energy for security reasons. Always people are involved who are no experts and require more generators than needed to make sure that no problems arise.

Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER) ‘Green Music Energy – Finding Infinity’ The Green Music Initiative provides a platform for the music and entertainment industry to coordinate projects when fighting against climate change Key questions  Why does the music industry use resources, which will end? o Fossil energy is getting more and more expensive and it will run out, as will nuclear energy  Why not start producing our energy by using infinite resources right now?  Wind, sun, biomass, water?

Jacob Bilabel is founder of Green Music Initiative. www.greenmusicinitiative.de

Putting the idea into practice  Sunplugged at Melt! o powering this stage by renewable energy only  Problem o Festival organizers often do not know the amount of energy each of the stage needs o Stages need different amounts of energy at different times  Peaks are hard to handle with renewable energy Goals to reach  Decarbonized energy system  No fossil or nuclear energy  Music industry using 100% renewable energy  Future energy systems back in the hands of many European citizens  Less monopoly power of corporate energy providers

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

64

Session: The Power Panel Host: Sebastian Fleiter (The Electric Hotel, GER) Jacob Bilabel (Green Music Initiative, GER) ‘Green Music Energy – Finding Infinity’ Solutions  Demand-side pooling o The more demand is pooled, the cheaper energy will get  Supply-side pooling o Use energy produced by regional wind or solar plants o Leave the money in regional circulation o Engage in energy production

Video: Renewable Grid Initiative

Video: Finding Infinity

Video: Interview with Jacob Bilabel at GreenEvents Europe 2013

Join forces  We will have to use renewable energy eventually  Let’s collaborate and start it right now!  Green Music Energy

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

65

Session: It's only Teenage Wasteland - Camping and waste Host: Holger Jan Schmidt, GreenEvents Europe, GER Leaving behind thousands of tents and other camping equipment at the festival site is more than a problem for festivals. It roots in how people behave in a throw-away society.

We talk about how to deal with it and how festivals can join forces to make things better.    

Holger Jan Schmidt (Sounds for Nature Foundation, GER, host) Michaela Tanner (OpenAir St. Gallen, CH) Jakob de Proft (Sheltercare, BE) Dr. Roland Imhoff (University of Cologne, GER)

Holger Jan Schmidt is Cofounder of GreenEvents Europe and Board member of Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V. www.soundsfornature.eu www.go-group.org

Holger Jan Schmidt is the promoter of GreenEvents Europe, Europe's leading conference for sustainability in the live music industry Problem  Around 20% of tents are left at festival campsites  Campsite waste is one of the biggest challenges festival organizers are facing  Joint initiatives should fight the problem International campsite initiatives  Love Your Tent campaign (LYT)  Love your tent – take it home!  About 30 festivals from seven countries joined the campaign in 2013 o LYT symbol and festival’s name are sprayed onto the tents o Thus, an emotional value is attached to the tents o Visitors are induced to take the tents back home  Other initiatives, e.g. o Rent a tent o Donate your tent after use and collect points, cash (e.g. OpenAir St. Gallen) etc.

Who's responsible?  The Festival?  The Campers?  Producers & Retailers?

What to do?  Camp site restrictions and more control o contradicts the idea of a festival  Information campaigns o like LYT  Join forces by o using networks o building a strong group for joint action and communication  taking pressure off the individual festival  identifying festivals’ needs o setting up a task force o creating joint actions and campaigns o using joint media power

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

66

Session: It's only Teenage Wasteland - Camping and waste Host: Holger Jan Schmidt, GreenEvents Europe, GER Michaela Tanner (OpenAir St. Gallen, CH) ‘Experiences of OpenAir St. Gallen’ o involving artists, labels, NGO, environmental institutions... o holding those liable who benefit from cheap camping equipment!

First steps  Letters of intent by interested festivals  Task force of Yourope, AGF, GO Group members and other festivals  And get started... www.go-group.org

Michaela Tanner (OpenAir St. Gallen, CH) ‘Experiences of OpenAir St. Gallen’ The OpenAir St.Gallen Festival has 30.000 visitors, and lasts for 4 days.

Problem  Nature protection area  Camping area not separated from festival site  Cheap tents from retailers  25% of the 2.000 tents and other camping waste left behind  Negative image in local media ‘We want your tent’ Campaign in 2013  For every „complete tent 10 CHF were paid  After cleaning tents will be donated to NGO  Communication via website, media, newsletter, onsite flyer  Staff distributed plastic bags for the tents

Michaela Tanner’s responsibility includes the Green’n’Clean and sustainability sector of OpenAir St. Gallen Festival. www.openairsg.ch

Success of the Campaign  Less than expected o 25% of the tents were handed over o Only 7.5% (150) could be given to NGOs Future plans (2014)  Raising awareness and teamwork o Staff collects tents jointly with audience o Also cleaning teams will collect tents after the festival  Tent deposit o Mandatory pre-sale tent ticket o Exchange of tent o ticket for a token when entering the festival o Deposit refund in exchange for the token when taking the tent home

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

67

Session: It's only Teenage Wasteland - Camping and waste Host: Holger Jan Schmidt, GreenEvents Europe, GER Jacob de Proft (Sheltercare, BE) ‘Producing tents – The socio-ecological effects and alternatives for festival camping’ Sheltercare International designs and produces camping tents for rental purposes during music festivals and other mass events.

Ecological aspect  Complex production process based on non-renewable raw material o Each tent is mainly made from oil and chemicals during dying and coating o The process starts with pumping the oil, continues by refining it, carries on via various other stages and ends in a factory where the parts are sewed together.

Jacob de Proft is founder of Sheltercare International. www.sheltercare.info

Social aspect  As many participants are involved in the production process  cheap tents can only be produced under anti-social low-pay working conditions in developing countries How to solve the cheap-tent issue?

1. Recycling tents o No alternative as the whole production process is repeated except for no oil being needed 2. Cotton tents o Not environmental friendly either as farmers use lots of pesticides when growing cotton 3. Rent a tent o an environmental-friendly solution o being aware of what the tent is made from o use the tent as long as possible.

Discussion  Biodegradable tents are no solution. They create just another kind of waste.  Rental tents do not guarantee sustainable solutions because o festival goers might not accept them because they do not want to sleep in used tents.  Used tents need to create an image of sustainability o some providers only want to make money. They offer cheap tents that they leave at the campsite when the festival ends.  Survey by Bucks University: Also expensive tents (>75£) are left behind (54% of survey participants) Video: Interview with Jakob de Proft at GreenEvents Europe Conference 2013

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

68

Session: It's only Teenage Wasteland - Camping and waste Host: Holger Jan Schmidt, GreenEvents Europe, GER Dr. Roland Imhoff (Cologne University, GER) Dr. Roland Imhoff has a strong research focus on group processes.

Behaviour in crowds  Deindividuation o antisocial behaviour is evoked  dominant view o norm conformity is increased  alternative view Dr. Roland Imhoff is assistant professor for Social Cognition: Social Psychology at the University of Cologne. www.rolandimhoff.de

Norms  Injunctive norms o how one should behave o group approval implied  Descriptive norms o how people commonly behave o no approval or judgment implied Norm salience  People litter more in a littered environment Beware of negative descriptive norms!  Negative descriptive norms reinforce non-desired behaviour o usual strategy  Positive descriptive norms reinforce desired behaviour  Stress pro-environmental behaviour!

Minimal interventions  Feeling watched increases norm compliance

Summary  People in crowds are more not less susceptible to norms  Beware of becrying the nega/ve status quo!  Most people take their tent home instead of Too many people leave their tents  Combine positive descriptive with injunctive norms  Be specific in your descriptive norms  Join the majority of visitors of this specific segment of the camping area in taking your tents home.  Approach people before they visit the festival Discussion  Festival organizers in the audience maintain: o Descriptive norms should be given a try in certain festival areas even though it is counter to common practice o Keeping festival areas clean from the first day on seems important o Some visitors, however, do want to live in riot camping sites o Give incentives to people to behave in the desired way without making the riot camping site green  extend the green camping areas year by year  provide positive example for other groups of visitors  Invent products that make people aware of their behaviour, e.g. screens that change the colour depending on the noise people produce.  Establish a norm and thus create a threshold for acceptable behaviour.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

69

Word Café ‘Communication Students focus on different aspects of communication at festivals and discuss these issues with conference participants 

Andrej Balaz (Hochschule für Künste, Bremen, GER, host) ‘Arts Installations & Performances’



Lisa Bensel, Anika Mittendorf, CIAM, Zentrum für Internationales Kunstmanagement, Cologne, GER, host) ‘Internal Communication – me and my team , going green’



Gerald Fichtner (Hochschule für Musik und Theater, GER, host) ‘Conflicts, possibilities & challenges’



Hendrik Landwehr, Hochschule für Künste, Bremen, GER, host) ‘Gamification - do it the playful way’



Lisa Moser, Eventmanager, GER, host) ‘Long term audience communication’

Host: Andrej Balaz, Hochschule für Künste, Bremen, GER ‘Arts Installations & Performances’ Key questions  Good examples of sustainability/environment-related arts installations and performances.  What are the limits of communication if it comes to arts in the context of an event?  Do you have ideas what should finally be communicated in an arty way?  If the arts action works - is the communication and its result more effective?

Festivals are an open stage for art and performances  Festivals can be seen as an open stage for art and performances. Art enhances the festival space not only creatively but can also be used to communicate with the visitors. By making art installations interactive, festival goers can discover new phenomena, be introduced to new skills or simply feel more motivated to create instead of just consume the work of others. Art can surprize people, show them new perspectives and make their experience more intensive.

Participative experience leave strong impressions upon festival goers  From a practical standpoint art performances can be employed to shorten waiting times or train people in new patterns of behaviour. We discussed the Food Sharing Disco example. Festival visitors were encouraged to bring their left-over food to a meeting point.

Once enoug h food was gathered, it was shared and enjoyed with others. A left-over toast could be combined with left-over ham and resulted in a delicious sandwich, being a new creation and not left over any more. Additionally, background music and various art performances enhanced this participative experience that left a strong impression upon the festival goers.  Other examples included upcycling workshops and bicycle-powered stages. People who actively transform trash into something meaningful or help create power for music performances certainly leave the event with stronger memories.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

70

Word Café ‘Communication Host: Lisa Bensel, CIAM, Zentrum für Internationales Kunstmanagement, Cologne, GER ‘Internal Communication – me and my team, going green’ Interactive art provides creative experience to visitors thus participating actively in the festival community Overall, the participants of my discussion group agreed that art could be more than just decorative. It can be used as a motivator for desired behaviour or teach people new skills. Most importantly, however, is that it makes the festival goers’ experience more immediate and leaves them with extraordinary impressions. By making the art performances interactive and participative, people experience the creative process hands-on and feel like an active member of the festival community.

Host: Lisa Bensel, CIAM, Zentrum für Internationales Kunstmanagement, Cologne, GER ‘Internal Communication – me and my team, going green’ Key questions  How to compose your ideal green team?  How to implement green ideas in your team?  How to deal with hierarchy and the temporary structure of a festival's organisation?  Which tools to use for continuous and longlasting communication?

How to compose your ideal green team?  Personalities o preferably young, challenging, flexible, open for change  Skills and qualifications of team and leader(s)  Structure: o The number of persons needed and the structure (hierarchical or democratic) depends on the size and character of the organisation How to implement green ideas in your team?  Conflict management o Cope with resistance to change  Team members don’t see the necessity or are not open to new ideas o Group dynamics o Communication!

How to deal with the hierarchy and the temporary structure of a festival's organisation?  Example: o Permanent team 3 persons, 100 volunteers, festival staff members  Communication!  High expectations towards all members should be communicated within the team.

Which tools to use for continuous and long-lasting communication?  Communication o Top down by permanent staff o To temporary staff like e.g. volunteers  they are the festival's face. o Good/Bad practice

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

71

Word Café ‘Communication Host: Gerald Fichtner, Hochschule für Musik und Theater, GER ‘Conflicts, possibilities & challenges’ Key questions  Does economic rationality allows realizing ecological intentions?  Are you aware of examples of conflict between social, ecological, economic and cultural aspects of actions?  What are your experiences when communicating ecological issues to performers/bands?  Are all stakeholders (e.g. organizer, audience, artist, sponsor) responsible for event sustainability? Does a conflict of interests exist?  Are you aware of stakeholders (sponsors or artists) who refuse ecological actions because they are afraid to be blamed of „green washing?

Does economic rationality allows realizing ecological intentions? Give examples All participants agreed that economic issues put a constraint on ecological intentions. Although many companies involved in events and festivals want to be sustainable companies they have to do business according to economic requirements. Furthermore, competition is hard and promoters can choose the cheapest contractor. Two reasons came up for implementing sustainable measures  Improving a festival’s image o Attracting sponsors o Justifying ticket price increases  Reducing costs o Example: modern power sets using alternative and clean techniques that have higher prices but reduce energy costs.

Two discussants own a catering company.

They stress the issue’s complexity. They are dependent on the promoters’ requirements, who most frequently ask for the cheapest offers. This has a direct influence on the kind of food, the quality and the drinks the caterer can offer. Even though catering is just a small part of organizing an event or a festival it, however, shows that even if you would like to behave in a sustainable way you often can’t because you depend on others.

What about bands and artists?

One big issue was bands and artists. Most participants stressed that many the bands or artists request each year a little bit more than in the previous year, a bigger light show, more power etc. U2 were mentione as an example of a show which every three to four years gets bigger and better. This induces competition; other bands want to enlarge their shows, too. Sustainability issues are neglected compared to bands’ and artists’ requirements.

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

72

Word Café ‘Communication Host: Hendrik Landwehr, Hochschule für Künste, Bremen, GER ‘Gamification - do it the playful way’ Key questions  How can visitors be motivated to take part in an event in a more creative way?  Do you know actions, results and challenges of good examples?  Which Topics are perfect for this kind of communication? Which are not?  (How) can fun and consciousness be raised at the same time?

Hendrik Landwehr Green Events Conference 2014 www.chargedmind.com  How can playful actions contribute to a general concept of an event?

Hendrik Landwehr

Green Events Conference 2014

Gamification!

www.chargedmind.com

Gamification Gamification is a motivation generating method that uses game-like mechanics to solve problems. it the playful way!

It is highly based on Do creating a fun experience for the individual.

As events/festivals are using game-like mechanics already (and have the respective atmosphere) a method to generate motivation to solve problems with the use of game-like DoGamification it the isplayful way! the gateway to participation be used change for human behaviour - especially on mechanics.isIt open. is highlyThis basedcan on creating a funtoexperience the individual. ! events - to the better.

During the last already year we created and evaluated gamification Since events/festivals have game-like mechanics (and atmosphere) the concepts gateway to on fesGamification is ais method to can generate to solve problems with theonuse of game-like participation open. This be usedmotivation to change human behaviour - especially events - to the tivals all over Europe.

Gamification! ! !

better. During the lastbased year we anda evaluated gamification concepts on festivals among mechanics.

It is highly oncreated creating fun experience for the individual. ! europe.!

Since events/festivals already have game-like mechanics (and atmosphere) the gateway to Concepts participation is open. This can be used to change human behaviour - especially on events - to the It is quite likely that you encountered some gamification concepts It isDuring quite likely that you better. the last yearencountered we createdsome and gamifications evaluated gamification concepts on festivals among concepts before.like An example are systems like Payback. before. An example is systems Payback.

You collect points europe.!

You can collect points to get a reward. A more

!

!

to get a reward. sophisticated, but yet simple example is the winner of A more sophisticated, yetthat simple example is thegamifications winner of It is quite likely you encountered some The but Fun Theory Award:!

The Fun Theory concepts Award: before. An example are systems like Payback.

!

Lottery You The can Speed collectCamera points to get a –! reward. A more People whobut speeding to pay is into a pot.

To take sophisticated, simplehave example the winner of The Speed Camera Lottery – areyet part inTheory the lottery you have to obey the speed limit.!

The Fun Award:!

People who are speeding have to pay into a pot.

! !

To take part in the lottery youhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iynzHWwJXaA! have to obey the speed limit.

YouTube:

! ! of Gamedesign! ! Elements !

Elements of Game design YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iynzHWwJXaA! The Speed Camera Lottery –!

People who are speeding have to pay into a pot. To take YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iynzHWwJXaA! part in the lottery you have to obey the speed limit.!

! ! ! !

As already mentioned, it is obvious to make use of people

create an impactful and believable To create a credible To gamification concept with lots of impact you need to think of a game as a gamification concept you need to think of a whole. game as a whole. This is a short guide to the 4 This is a short guide to the four basic elements of game design. basic elements of gamedesign.!

Elements of Gamedesign!

As already mentioned it lays on the hand to

To create an impactful and believable make use of people being immersed into an being immersed gamification intoexperience an experience already. concept toBy think of aprealready.you Withneed the use of using pre-event event audience communication, decoration, points of the in-of4 audience communication, decoration, game as a whole.

This is a short guidepoints to etc… you can create a believable terest, etc... you basic caninterest, create a believable STORY. ! elements of gamedesign.!

! !

Asare already it lays on the hand to The MECHANICS the mentioned driver. They create motivation STORY. !

The MECHANICS are the driver. They create motivation via various concepts like challenges,

makerewards, use challenges, of competition, people being immersed into an achievements, status, fame, etc. ! via various concepts like rewards, competicooperation, collecting, experience already.

With the use of pre-event tion, cooperation, collecting, achievements, status, fame, audience communication, decoration, Depending on the style and subculturepoints of the of event it is important to come up with certain etc.

!

AESTHETICS from thate particular genre can identify themselves with.! interest, etc… youthat canpeople create a believable STORY. !

!

!

Depending on an event’s style subculture is important to come up with AESTHETICS To make all ofand this happening you itneed TECHNOLOGY. This could be thecertain known media (Especially socialare networks are awith. good create place tomotivation start with the way before the event) but also people from that The particular genre can identify MECHANICS the driver.

They viastory various concepts like challenges, known concepts in the fields of group behaviour and psychology.!

! !

rewards, competition, cooperation, collecting, achievements, status, fame, etc. !

To make all of this happen you be need TECHNOLOGY. could beway?! the known media –social netHow can visitors motivated to take part in an eventThis in a more creative Dosuitable you know or challenges of good examples?!

Depending on actions the and ofway the event it isthe important come up known with certain works are particularly to style start withsubculture the story before event –tobut also conWhich areas/problems are suitable forthate gamification concepts?! that people from particular genre can identify themselves with.! cepts in the fieldsAESTHETICS of Can group behaviour and psychology. fun and consciousness be raised at the same time?!

!

How can playful actions contribute to a general event concept?

To make all of this happening you need TECHNOLOGY. This could be the known media (Especially social networks are a good place to start with the story way before the event) but also known concepts in the fields of group behaviour and psychology.!

!

How can visitors be motivated to take part in an event in a more creative way?!

Do you know actions or challenges of good examples?! www.green-events-germany.eu Which areas/problems are suitable for gamification concepts?!

Can fun and consciousness be raised at the same time?!

How can playful actions contribute to a general event concept?

GreenEvents Europe 2013

73

Word Café ‘Communication Host: Lisa Moser, Eventmanager, GER ‘Long term audience communication Key questions  How do you connect to visitors before they join the event physically?  Is there a way to make them aware for other topics than bands, artists, beer and party? How do you do that?  How do you deal with them when the show is over and everybody's gone home?  Is there a chance of joint ventures, cooperation with other institutions to stimulate better results in this issue?  Can sponsors/media partners help in this context or are they counterproductive?

How do you connect to visitors before they join the event physically?  Create campaigns/ events/ flash mobs before the event o Important: Campaigns have to be corporate to the festival o Examples: Pop-up-restaurant, road trips (the festival organizes a road trip to visit their audience at their hometown)  Give them a platform (at the homepage) for interaction before the festival o Example: car sharing, share your BBQ  Provide all the necessary information for your visitors o on your homepage o Send out an information e-mail If you require e-mail addresses for purchasing tickee, you got them all!  Use different channels to communicate o Media o Events o Meetings What about joint ventures, cooperation with other institutions to stimulate better results?  Specify the information and the channel for each target group o Examples:  Meet with sponsors and press (Be capable!)  Organize a pre-event for you audience (Be fun!)  Send out information letter to residents (Be credible!)  Cooperate with partners o Joint ventures stimulate!  Involve people – like local artist o Example  The artist creates something special for your festival o produce an image video, explain what you do How to raise peoples’ awareness for other topics than bands, artists, beer and party?  Communicate with your staff first! o They spread your message!  Make your audience participate o Example:  They decide where the money you collected is donated to o Use social media How do you deal with them when the show is over and everybody's gone home?  Ask you visitors for feedback o Example:  Let them speak/discuss in a panel Whatever you do before or after the event: tell a story and be authentic!

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

74

Slow Food at GreenEvents ‘culinary Upcycling’ Lunch! "culinary UPcycling" Lunch!

For Tuesday's lunch we dish up rejected fruit and veggies. If knobbly or gnarled, too-long or tooshort, heart-shaped or two-legged: strict cosmetic requirements – reflecting the food industry's idea of how fruit and vegetables should look means that such 'ugly' products are often wasted. Sourcing from local farms and markets, we give an UPlift to the culinary careers of these fresh and delicious products.

Culinary UPcycling is brought to you by Slow Food Youth Deutschland and the makers of the Schnippeldisko. Our aim is to highlight the unimaginable amount of food wasted globally and to catalyze action through promoting delicious solutions to food waste.

This would not be possible without the great work of Nadja Flohr-Spence, Katrin Schwermer-Funke and Hendrik Haase!

Special thanks go to the housecaterer Sodexo for making this event possible.

Video: Slow Food Germany at GreenEvents Europe 2013

GreenEvents Europe 2013

www.green-events-germany.eu

75

Sounds For Nature Foundation e.V.  Auguststr. 18  53229 Bonn