Studio Report

BORDERLAND+

POLITECNICO DI MILANO School of Architecture Master of Science in Urban Planning and Policy Design Academic Year 2018/2019 Urban Policies Design Studio Prof. Alessandro Balducci, Prof. Antonella Bruzzese STUDENTS Abuelgassim Hala Azunre Gideon De Andrade Sharon Manimekalai Sowrirajan Thein

ABSTRACT The Municipality of Milan has embarked on a journey to revitalize its peripheral neighborhoods, and as part of that effort, students of the Urban Policies Design course at Politecnico di Milano have been tasked with proposing solutions for an area on the southeast edge of the city called Triulzo Superiore. As part of this effort, students have defined the problems present and proposed a set of interventions that could be implemented as solutions. This area’s major disconnect from the rest of Milan and the neighboring San Donato Milanese has resulted in a borderland: an area that is socially excluded from the larger urban area. This in turn, has resulted in deteriorating spaces and public safety concerns and reduced economic vitality. It is through this proposed Community Vision Plan, however, that the image of Triulzo Superiore can transform into one of an enhanced borderland, Borderland+. It has the potential to transform into a socially inclusive and adaptive zone that embraces multiculturalism on a whole new level.

CONTENTS

01 INTRODUCTION

07 INTERVENTIONS

02 AREA PROFILE

08 PROJECT FEASIBILITY

03 DEFINING THE PROBLEM

09 SCENARIOS

04 VISIONING WORKSHOP

10 CASE STUDIES

05 THE CONCEPT

11 BIBLIOGRAPHY

06 THE PLAN

1

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Triulzo Superiore sits within the periphery of Milan bordering San Donato Milanese, where it once served as an important gateway into Milan but instead now is a segregated urban enclave – seemingly isolated from its surrounding context – and serving as a dumping ground for many of the contemporary city’s unwanted urban elements. It lacks a clear identity and can only be described as containing two major zones: a public transit hub and the San Martino neighborhood. The public transit hub contains a terminus metro station (M3 San Donato) and local/long-haul bus station. San Martino, on the other hand, is a predominantly immigrant and economically disadvantaged neighborhood containing a small commercial strip and residential buildings.

This area’s major disconnect from the rest of Milan and the neighboring San Donato Milanese has resulted in a borderland: an area that is socially

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excluded from the larger urban area. This in turn, has resulted in deteriorating spaces and public safety concerns and reduced economic vitality. Physical and social exclusion can be explained by the visible and invisible borders present within Triulzo Superiore, which define the edges of daily activity.

The central aim of the project is to transform Triulzo Superiore as a socially inclusive and adpative zone by revitalizing its physical and social dimensions and enhancing multiculturalism. The negative perception of Triulzo Superiore as solely a “borderland” must be reversed. Establishing a new sphere of influence between the transit hub and San Martino will stimulate economic development and revitalize the neighborhood. It will activate the San Martino neighborhood by distinguishing it as a unique multicultural place, not overwhelmed by mobility services – a community for people, rather than a buffer zone within a growing metropolitan region.

PROJECT DESIGN PROCESS

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AREA PROFILE

TRIULZO SUPERIORE

Triulzo Superiore sits within the periphery of Milan bordering San Donato Milanese, where it once served as an important gateway into Milan through Via Emilia, one of the most important roads in Italy built by the Romans. Just 50 years ago, it was a primarily agricultural area, but now it serves as a center for mobility, near major transportation nodes such as regional expressways (Strada Tangenziale Est and 415 Paullese), underground transportation lines, as well as local and regional bus lines.

Its strategic location on the edge of Milan gives it easy access to the city’s services, but the presence of the regional expressways physically and socially blocks it from fully integrating into the city. Therefore, it has become a segregated and forgotten urban enclave, seemingly isolated from its surrounding context. It has slowly become a BORDERLAND.

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URBAN FABRIC

Urban fabrics help describe the physical characteristics of urban areas, that is, cities, and towns. This includes the streetscapes, buildings, soft and hard landscaping, signage, lighting, roads and other infrastructure. Urban fabric can be thought of as the physical texture of an urban area.

The map shows two somewhat contrasting fabrics of the city of Milan which is crowded and made of several buildings and roads. On the contrary, the fabric of the borderland (study area location) is less crowded with limited infrastructure. This area has been referred differently by urban planners such as periphery, outskirts, peri-urban among others.

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out of sight | out of mind

MOBILITY

Mobility basically explains access. Mobility is having transportation options that one can count on to get to where they need to go. Without mobility, transportation is meaningless. Improving people’s mobility is however an important element of neighborhood planning.

The main transportation means identified Milan and the area of study are Metro, Bike, car, Bus, walking and air.

Furthermore, the area sits at an epicenter for mobility, serving as a frontier connecting to the rest of Italy and beyond. Although it is outside of the heart of the city, it is easily accessible through the regional expressways, underground lines, bus lines and the neighbouring suburban train station in Rogoredo.

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LJKLKJ SUBTITLE

IDENTITY OF TODAY

In its current state, Triulzo Superiore lacks a clear identity, and can be best described as being comprised of two major elements:

PUBLIC TRANSIT HUB

A terminus metro station + local/long-haul bus station. The hub serves as the terminus station for the yellow underground line (San Donato Linea M3), as well as a local and long-haul bus station which connects southern Milan to the rest of Italy and beyond.

SAN MARTINO

A predominantly immigrant and economically disadvantaged neighborhood leftover from the past, out-of-place in the contemporary city. It suffers from issues of poverty and urban decay. From a visual perspective, it looks as if it has been ripped away from the urban fabric and forgotten. From a social perspective, its residents feel as if they have been excluded from both Milan and San Donato Milanese.

It is simply a forgotten Milanese neighborhood beyond the Tangenziale Est. Although it sits at a strategic location, it is engulfed by the presence of a public transit hub, adjacent expressways and San Donato Milanese’s major office and residential developments.

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THE UNWANTED ELEMENTS

This area has long served as one in which the city’s unwanted land uses are dumped (or sometimes appear naturally), being that it sits on the periphery of Milan. The construction of the regional expressways in the mid-1900s led to many changes in the urban tissue, and thus, it became an area disproportionately targeted when deciding where to locate undesirable facilities. Being that San Martino is a minority and low-income neighborhood, it sits on the path of least resistance. Communities such as these typically have fewer resources and political power to take NIMBY action and oppose unwanted land uses.

Gypsy Settlement

Regional Expressways

Gypsy Settlement

Bus Depot

Railway Yard

Long Distance Bus Station

Immigrant Neighborhood

Long Distance Bus Station

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DEMOGRAPHICS

THE PEOPLE OF SAN MARTINO Triulzo Superiore once served as the entrance into Milan through Via Emilia, an ancient Roman road.

Historically, and to this day, San Martino’s residents have primarily been working-class families. In the past, most were Italians but now, most Italians have moved out or passed away. Of the 1,631 residents in Triulzo Superiore, 69% are immigrants. Most of the immigrants come from Egypt (24.2%), Sri Lanka (14.9%) and the Philippines (12.2%)1.

A large wave of immigrants came into the area in the 1990s, when a reception center was opened for immigrants from outside of the European Union.

Upon the opening of the reception center, the life of the neighborhood changed drastically. Residents and business owners alike recount of the brawls, drug dealings, theft and harassment. This caused many San Martino residents to move out. The center eventually closed in 1994, but not without leaving some long-term scars on the neighborhood.

1

Comune di Milano, PGT 2018

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1,631

837

residents

families

302

1,230

104

18.52%

75.41%

6.38%

YOUTH

ADULTS

ELDERLY

IMMIGRANT POPULATION

69%

1,044 total

#1 - Egypt 253 (24.2%) #2 - Sri Lanka 156 (14.9%) #3- Philippines 127 (12.2%)

HISTORY

Comitato Rogoredo Sud committee is created by San Martino residents to oppose the Center, led by resident, Gloria Chiappa.

1990

Milan Municipality begins utilizing a large lot for storage of seized vehicles.

1994

Milan Municipality opens a reception center for non-EU immigrants and neighborhood drastically changes as a result: brawls, drug dealing, theft, harassment. Many San Martino residents move out.

A building landlord kicks out Italian tenants, and rents out to non-EU immigrant delinquents.

1998 1996

1991

MM3 Metro Station opens.

Infrastructure enhancements: new piazza, playground, multipurpose sports field, dog park, green areas and roadway alterations (Via Marignano).

Reception center closes and the lot begins to be occupied by traveling gypsy caravans.

Planned construction for noncatholic place of worship in green area adjacent to multistory parking garage; opposed by local residents.

2004 2002

Weekly flea market opens in ATM bus storage lot, comprised primarily of unauthorized sellers of food and stolen goods.

Closes in 2013.

2016

Milan Municipality establishes gypsy settlement for the Bezzecchi family on lot where reception center was previously located. Agreement allowed the family to occupy the area for only 10 months, but 15 years have passed and the area is still occupied.

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TERRITORY EVOLUTION

In 1946, most of the elements of today were non-existent. The San Martino Neighborhood however existed as well as parts of Rogoredo.

In 1965, ENI campus was opened which served as a platform for increased activities and vitality in an around San Martino and San Donato.

The period between 1972 and 1980 saw the construction of the expressway which sort of started the issue of fragmentation of the urban tissue.

The San Donato Metro station and the bus Station came into the Triulzo Superiore neighborhood in the early 90s. Construction and expansions however continued into the 2000s such as the ATM deposit area.

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DEVELOPMENT PATTERN

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PUBLIC OPEN SPACE

The area is endowed with public open spaces which serves as an avenue for socialization, recreation and knowledge/informational spillovers. The overall safety of these areas were assessed and judged to be fairly good. The major challenge was observed with the drainage canal which was open and lacked maintenance. The caused it to stench and increased the risk that might be faced by passers by.

Basketball Court

SECTION x-x Residential Building

HILL

LAND USES

30.54% ROADWAYS

34.52% Gypsy Settlement

RESIDENTIAL

8.33% SERVICES 1

Comune di Milano, PGT 2018

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COMMERCIAL USES VIA EMILIA 27%

EATERY A VI ILI EM

23%

A

VACANT

13%

AUTOMOBILE

13%

MISC.

7%

HEALTH

7%

GROCERY

7%

OFFICE

3%

LODGING

3%

BEAUTY Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

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PUBLIC ACTIVITY

Public activities just like the public open spaces shows the public presence and usability of an urban area. The assessment indicated that there is a fairly good amount of public activity in Triulzo Superiore dependent heavily on the San Donato Metro Station. This re-emphasizes the increases vacuum seen in the neighborhood by commuters. In and around the area, heavy activities are observed in Rogoredo, ENI, and a Commercial street observed on the North-East side of the area on the San Donato administrative area.

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URBAN RHYTHM

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SPHERES OF INFLUENCE

MACRO: CITY-SCALE The macro-scale spheres of influence was mapped to identify on a larger scale the network and connection that is observed to and from the area.

This shows how connected on a bigger scale the area is to the European ecosystem of transportation. The spheres shows how strong the area is connected to Milan, the South of Italy, San Donato and Europe at large. This network exhibits the potential existent in this “borderland�.

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SPHERES OF INFLUENCE

MICRO: NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE The spheres of influence was also mapped on a micro/neighborhood scale to understand a much deeper connection. The major nodes are either ends of Via Emilia, the resident neighbourhood from within, the roundabout that directs vehicular access into Via Emilia or the expressway which also allows pedestrian access to the neighbourhood from the Transport exits the transport hubs - ATM San donato and M3 San Donato - which allows for suburban transit and Trans- national bus travel. The network between these nodes exhibits the use of access and affluence within triulzo superiore.

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HEAVY + LIGHT

The parameters used to analyse the heavy and light elements were: 1) Perceived “Safer� Streets - What the residents and commuters thought of as safe and which were unsafe for them walk during mostly night time.

2) Well-lit streets - Streets that were well illuminated and could influence their perception of the safety of those streets.

3) Preferred streets to walk expressed by kids, locals - Streets much preferred by residents or commuters to use with influence by safety or a decision based on faster routes.

4) Night-time accessibility - Areas that were accessible during the night either by walking, bike or car.

There is a stark contrast between the quality of the urban environment within Triulzo and the other side of the geopolitical border, in San Donato Milanese.

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GYPSY SETTLEMENT

PUBLIC + PRIVATE

Triulzo is made up of ownership rights for property and land shared between public and private entities.

Majority of these are public owing to the services and infrastructure available. The private ownership is mainly observed in the San Martino neighborhood part of the area which is made up of private buildings and commercial shops and restaurants. This analysis helps untangle the ever growing importance and need to solicit for private-public partnerships in neighborhood improvement schemes.

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POSITIVE TRENDS

1

Transit Hub Enhancements

2

Bike Trail Extension

3

Cycle Hub

4

ENI Campus

5

New Residential Dwellings

6

Lodging

7

Sportlife City Citadel

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TRANSIT HUB ENHANCEMENTS The transit hub extension seeks to provide a long haul bus terminal which will be one of the two most important intermodal hubs for public transport in Milan. It will connect Milan to the Southern part of Italy as well as Europe. The enhancements also includes the construction of a lift that will guarantee access to the metro, now only accessible via a flight of stairs.

2

BIKE TRAIL EXTENSION The bike line expansion from Duomo is expected to arrive in San Donato passing through Via Emilia in the San Martino Neighborhood. This line will bring a quicker and safer connection for cyclists to the Southern part of Milan. It also intends to open up the South making it pedestrian friendly.

3

CYCLE HUB A cycle hub is present adjacent the Metro station on the side of San Donato.

It is a place one access bike maintenance, serviced or even upgraded and join guided sociable rides. There is a cafe and a parking area that offers extra services.

Besides the hub is a bike silo, to be soon functional, which will offer a smart parking system

4 ENI CAMPUS Eni has been operating in Italy since 1926. In 2017, Eni’s oil and natural gas production amounted to 134,000 boe / day. ENI has several offices all over Italy with an operating office for exploration and production in San Donato Milanese.

5

NEW RESIDENTIAL DWELLINGS A new residential building has been constructed by Sogeca Immobiliare, a real estate agency in Milan. In the new building, which is an energy class A, apartments are sold of various sizes and are all covered with terraces. A mortgage loan is available of up to 100% contracted with Unicredit.

6

LODGING The neighborhood has a commercial lodging that is strategically located to serve people that have business in Milan or the Southern part of Italy. There is also a restaurant (Ai Due Orsi) that services both the neighborhood and Milan. This reiterates the potential of the neighborhood.

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7 SPORTLIFE CITY CITADEL SportLife City is a large-scale project that will provide for sporting facilities, commercial district, a hotel, fitness areas, medical center, and a school in San Donato Milanese, all dedicated to sport uses.

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PROJECTS UNDERWAY

UNDERGROUND METRO A feasibility study has been conducted for an extension of the metro from San Donato station to Paullo. The proposal is currently undergoing review by public officials. Additionally, a new elevator will be installed near the station entrance along Via Marignano.

LONG-DISTANCE BUS TERMINAL A new bus terminal within the public transit hub will accommodate long-distance bus arrivals and departures.

BIKE TRAIL The existing bike trail in San Donato Milanese will be extended along Via Emilia towards the center of Milan.

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POLICIES

GYPSY SETTLEMENT

PLACE OF WORSHIP

IMMIGRANTS

Campo di Rogoredo is one of the five legal settlements for gypsy families in the Municipality of Milan. This settlement sits on a plot of land owned by the Municipality of Milan and it is inhabited by >30 families of the same lineage (Bezzecchi family).

Although a small portion of Triulzo Superiore is designated as a potential site to place a church, according to the PGT of Milan, it has been a controversial topic, as the local Muslim residents would like for a mosque to be placed there, but non-Muslims have rejected the idea due to the traffic that it would cause in the area.

There has been and are currently some policies that apply to immigrants in Milan and Italy.

Some of these are: “House of Rights�, municipal antidiscrimination plan, cultural policy, Ministry document on the Italian way to inter-cultural education, European Fund for the Integration of migrants, among others.

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3

DEFINING THE PROBLEM

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Moving beyond the technocratic desk study planning that have been significantly criticized by well renowned urban planning experts such as Jane Jacobs, the problem identification process for Triulzo adopted a rather mixed method approach. Grassroot information was collected and complemented with expert information available in the conventional literature. This helped to adopt a planning with the people approach rather than for the people.

DIRECT KNOWLEDGE • Field visits • Interviews (residents, business owners, commuters) • Field activity observations INDIRECT KNOWLEDGE • Maps • Municipal + regional government documents • News articles • Municipality employees

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COMMUNITY RESPONSE RESIDENTS WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD?

I like the location here because it feels like I am outside of Milan but still close enough to access the city.

Wedab, 45 Housewife Egyptian

We don’t have a problem with the gypsies. They don’t bother us and we don’t bother them.

Safety does not concern me here, and I am happy with the quality of the park for my children.

We feel safe here because we all know eachother, except near the gypsy camp. We enjoy the park.

Mahmood, 48 Construction Worker Egyptian

Fatima + Haidy, 11 + 12 Teenagers Egyptian

Adriana, 70 Retired Italian

WHAT IS YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD MISSING? Pharmacy

Soccer field

Swimming pool

Mosque

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COMMUNITY RESPONSE BUSINESS OWNERS WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD?

Although there isn’t a high crime rate here, this area is not seen well by clients; not a good first impression.

There are a lot of people who do drugs in the streets, especially under the overpass towards Rogoredo.

Roberta, 55 Co-Owner Trattoria/Locanda Due Orsi

We need a larger diversity of businesses in this neighborhood.

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We need more police enforcement and control in this area.

The main problem here is caused by the gypsies. They park their caravans on the street, leave trash on the sidewalks, beg for money and steal.

Another issue is the safety of the area around the metro station.

Marco, 45 Co-Owner Black Sun Tanning Salon

COMMUNITY RESPONSE COMMUTERS WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD?

The walk from my office to the metro station is fine, but at night it would not be safe on certain streets.

The utility lines should be undergrounded for both aesthetic and safety reasons.

Francesco, 45 Italian

Enos, 50 Italian

Many of my co-workers choose not to walk through San Donato local streets instead of this one.

The San Martino neighborhood is disgusting.

Buildings are degrading and it is not safe.

Paola, 42 Italian

Marco, 47 Italian

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CAUSAL CHAIN

FROM ROOT CAUSE TO PROBLEM

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SOCIAL EXCLUSION THE PROBLEM The physical conditions surrounding and within Triulzo Superiore has resulted in a BORDERLAND, an area that is not only physically, but also socially excluded from the larger urban area. This in turn, has resulted in deteriorating spaces, public safety concerns and reduced economic vitality. It is a place that has lost its value and needs to be reawakened. Not only does Triulzo Superiore’s geographical location contribute to it being a Borderland, but also its residents, as they are comprised primarily of immigrants – those who are often forgotten and misunderstood. This is an area defined by its borders: visible and invisible borders that define the edges of daily activity.

1

DETERIORATING SPACES

2

PUBLIC SAFETY CONCERNS

LOW ECONOMIC VITALITY

3

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46 Borderland+ Community Vision Plan LOW ECONOMIC VITALITY

PUBLIC SAFETY CONCERNS

DETERIORATING SPACES

THE PROBLEM

IN/VISIBLE BORDERS

Triulzo Superiore sits on the border of Milan, physically and socially isolated from the rest of the city, but within it there are also borders. Its visible and invisible borders define the edges of daily activity. Although some borders are healthy and must be present, most are unnecessary and obstructive.

VISIBLE BORDERS Physical elements that act as boundaries to regulate use or access: Streets/expressways Fences Berms Blank walls Open drainage Residual spaces INVISIBLE BORDERS Based on the unseen social constructions: Geopolitical boundary Socioeconomic Uninteresting spaces Cultural + religious Feelings of unsafety Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

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SWOT ANALYSIS

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ARGUMENT FRAMEWORK

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FRAGMENTATION OF THE BORDERLAND

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RETHINKING THE BORDER Triulzo Superiore is a periphery area that has lost its value. It is a forgotten, isolated piece of Milan that needs to be reawakened. The “border vacuums” that have been created by the borders have produced voids in the urban and social fabric, progressively sucking the life out of the area. Being that Triulzo Superiore sits on the border of Milan, it must be understood as not only the confines of the city, but also as a frontier. It should be seen as much more than just a buffer zone in-between two cities, but instead as a connection and transition into the outside. Although the physical and social borders that exclude Triulzo Superiore from its surroundings has weakened the residents’ relationship with the outside, the social relationships within have been strengthened, resulting in a strong sense of community among the residents.

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VISIONING WORKSHOP

4

VISIONING WORKSHOP

In an effort to engage San Martino residents in discussing ongoing the challenges and opportunities for the study area, a community visioning workshop was held in the neighborhood. A vision framework consisting of goals, strategies and actions for the neighborhood and the public transit hub was presented to community members in order to obtain their feedback. Comments and suggestions were recorded and used as a guide in refining the plan.

The six-hour community visioning workshop was held on May 26, 2019 at the San Martino neighborhood piazza, and it attracted more than 40 local residents and stakeholders between the ages of 5 and 65.

Teens and adults were first asked to complete a questionnaire, while children were given visioning craft activities to complete. The crafts included drawing and writing about their likes and dislikes about the neighborhood and their hopes for the future of San Martino. All participants were then presented with the proposed visioning framework for the neighborhood and the public transit hub, and were asked to vote for the actions that they would like to see implemented.

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UNA VISIONE COMUNITARIA PER SAN MARTINO + STAZIONE M3 SAN DONATO Aiutaci a progettare il futuro di San Martino e la Stazione M3 di San Donato.

Siamo studenti del Politecnico di Milano (Pianificazione Urbanistica), e stiamo lavorando su un progetto incentrato sullo sviluppo di un piano d’azione per rivitalizzare il quartiere di San Martino e la Stazione Metropolitana (M3) di San Donato, situati all’interno di un’area conosciuta come Triulzo Superiore.

Vorremmo presentare una serie di proposte e azioni che potrebbero essere applicate per migliorare le condizioni dell’area e stabilire un’identità unica.

AIUTACI! Vivi o lavori a San Martino?

Rogoredo?

San Donato Milanese? Sei un utente abituale della Stazione M3 di San Donato? Sei di un altro quartiere di Milano e vorresti comunque partecipare?

Vorremmo ottenere suggerimenti da VOI! Abbiamo bisogno del tuo contributo!

Venite in qualsiasi momento tra le 11:00 e le 17:00 il 26 Maggio e diteci cosa ne pensate!

QUANDO E DOVE?

26 MAGGIO 2019 11:00 – 17:00

Via 8 Ottobre 2001 Piazza della Chiesetta San Martino

PIAZZA DELLA CHIESETTA

QUESTIONNAIRE

OCCUPATION Student

Hotel Employee

Retired

Machine Operator

Housewife

Pedicurist

Beautician

Security Officer

Auto Driver

Yoga Instructor

PLACE OF WORK Milan

San Donato

Porta Romana

Sondrio

Porto di Mare

Washington

Rogoredo

Acquabella

I DO NOT LIKE...

A questionnaire was administered to 28 residents to learn more about their opinion of the neighborhood and to obtain demographic information such as age, ethnic background, occupation, and place of work.

Respondents were asked to indicate what they like or dislike in the neighborhood and what would be their most ideal neighborhood to live in. Data was collected from a wide age range of 11 to 65. The majority of respondents were male (59%), Egyptian (41%), students (41%), and between the ages of 11 to 24 (50%). Of the total respondents, 19% were Italian.

I LIKE...

SURVEY RESULTS

ETHNIC BACKGROUND

“...that we are all united.” “...hanging out in the park.” “...the people here.” “...the sense of community.” “...that the metro station is nearby.” “...the green area.”

7%

N/A

21%

Southern Europe

“...the neglect of the neighborhood.” “...when the gypsies leave their trash on the street.” “...when the gypsies get drunk and play loud music from their caravans late at night.” “...the graffiti.”

14%

Latin America

7%

Northern Africa

7%

Southern Asia

43%

Middle East

YOUR MOST IDEAL NEIGHBORHOOD?

San Martino

Porta Romana

Duomo

DO YOU LIKE LIVING HERE? 90%

YES! San Donato

Santa Giulia

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WORKSHOP RESULTS

NEIGHBORHOOD DRAWINGS

Children were asked to draw what they like and dislike about San Martino. The good elements of the neighborhood included the basketball court, which is used quite often, and the berms, which the children run and play on. As for the bad neighborhood elements, all children drew the traveling gypsy caravans. All complained of the heaps of trash that the traveling gypsies leave on the sidewalks and the mess that they make in the playground are (i.e. feces left on the slides, clothes on the ground, etc.).

Children were then asked to draw their vision of the future of San Martino. Most drew a football field, swimming pool, and volleyball court.

I LIKE...

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I DON’T LIKE...

MY VISION FOR THE FUTURE OF SAN MARTINO

swimming pool football field volleyball court fruit trees

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WORKSHOP RESULTS

WISH LANTERNS + SUGGESTIONS

Children were asked to decorate “wish lanterns” and make a wish for their neighborhood. The Islamic character of the lanterns capture the neighborhood’s predominance of Egyptian families.

The respondents for the wish lantern exercise were mainly kids ranging from the age 5-13 years. About 35% of the kids for this participation exercise were 11 years old, while 15% were 8 years old. The majority of the participants were males (70%) while the remaining 30% were females, indicating that the percentage of males might be higher than females in the neighborhood.

The kids’ wishes included a swimming pool, soccer field, volleyball court, library and a restaurant.

Depending on the number of requests, we ranked these wishes from the topmost to the least: 1st – swimming pool 2nd- football field 3rd – volleyball court 4th – library; restaurant All community members present at the workshop also provided suggestions of additional amenities or services that they would like to see added into the neighborhood.

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WHAT DO YOU WISH FOR? 4%

library

4%

restaurant

19%

volleyball court

27%

football field

ADDITIONAL SUGGESTIONS FOOTBALL FIELD SWIMMING POOL MOSQUE VOLLEYBALL COURT PLAYGROUND EXERCISE EQUIPMENT FOUNTAIN RESTAURANT CLEANING SECURITY

42%

swimming pool

PRIORITIZING ACTIONS

Community members were presented with a proposed visioning framework that we created for the neighborhood and the public transit hub in order to gauge their interest in some of the interventions.

Participants were asked to vote for the actions that they would like to see implemented in their community, by selecting them either as a key priority or as a suitable or non suitable action. Responses were recorded and used to inform the framework. A set of 24 actions were presented, with respondents choosing 8 of them as top priorities. Actions that were selected as suitable, but not a top priority were bike/car-sharing stations, establishing a worker cooperative, and outdoor films on the lawn.

TOP PRIORITIES 100% 100% 90% 75% 70% 65% 60% 55%

Splash pad Local food retail space Faรงade improvement grant/loan program Adventure playground Cultural festivals Public art projects Community vegetable garden Real-time information kiosk

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THE SILENT VOICES OF THE BORDERLAND

A SENSE OF COMMUNITY These are the faces of San Martino — the faces of the future of San Martino. They come from a small subset of the population that is often forgotten and misunderstood.

They coexist amongst the presence of so many cultures: Egyptian, Italian, Romanian, Sri Lankan, Ecuadorian, Morroccan, etc. This presence of so many cultures is not only an opportunity, but an advantage. They learn to live amongst each other, despite their cultural and religious differences. The residents feel as if they are neither a part of Milan nor the neighboring city of San Donato Milanese.

One thing is for sure though, despite this being a Borderland, the sense of community among its residents is strong. It’s a small urban enclave on the fringe of the city that is still able to provide its residents with a sense of belonging.

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THE CONCEPT

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NEIGHBORHOOD

The existing borders must be blurred, removed or strengthened when necessary to allow for a more complete community. They serve as opportunities to redefine the relationships between spaces and to integrate the isolated pieces of the complex puzzle.

The area’s two primary elements, San Martino and the public transit hub, must be activated in such a way that allows them to coexist harmoniously, without intruding upon the other.

Transforming the borders will activate the neighborhood and Via Emilia by distinguishing it as a unique multicultural and attractive place not overwhelmed by mobility services – a community for people, rather than simply a buffer zone.

The open space in-between the neighborhood and the public transit hub will serve as a common area for commuters and residents to experience multiculturalism. It will give commuters a reason to escape the confines of the transit hub, while at the same time increasing ridership.

The public transit hub will serve as a support for the neighborhood, as many of San Martino’s residents utilize it for daily transportation. A more desirable environment will increase activity in the area, thus spurring economic development for the neighborhood.

GSEducationalVersion

The sense of community that has been woven into the social fabric by the San Martino residents has been possible partly due to the fact that the neighborhood sits within a Borderland. Therefore, it is not to say that all borders must be removed, as some borders were necessary in establishing this feeling of belonging within this urban enclave. This is border thinking: reversing the idea that borders must serve only as a separation, but instead can also serve as a medium through which to activate contrasting spaces. In some cases, there may be visual but not physical separation. This means that the space can still be accessible by users, but without being seemingly obvious, allowing for a smooth transition.

SPACE IN-BETWEEN

BORDERS AS OPPORTUNITIES

PUBLIC TRANSIT HUB

THE CONCEPT

BORDERLAND+ Borderland+ is an initiative to reverse Triulzo Superiore’s identity as solely a Borderland by revitalizing the San Martino neighborhood, the San Donato public transit hub and establishing a common area for expression of culture which will serve as a destination and a catalyst for new activities. It will integrate a combination of regionally-attractive and locally-serving amenities that contribute to the community’s multicultural identity and the local economy.

THE PLAN

6

THE FRAMEWORK

After analyzing the physical and social conditions of the area and working with residents to identify community desires, we developed a framework comprised of design and policy solutions addressing the key challenges in the community. This vision framework will set the blueprint for a more integrated community by enhancing the public spaces within the community through supportive urban design, mobility infrastructure, and layers of cultural programming suitable for all ages.

The framework consists of one mission; three overarching goals, each geared towards a different portion of the study area; six strategies; and several specific actions for each strategy. Some actions are light, cheap and quick interventions that could be easily implemented within a one year time frame, whereas others require infrastructure improvements or policy modifications, and could take several years to complete.

All actions will not be equally effective, and some will have a greater impact than others. However, it is the combination of several actions that will work to revitalize the area, as not one single intervention will serve as a silver-bullet solution.

MISSION Transform Triulzo Superiore as a socially inclusive and adaptive zone by revitalizing its physical and social dimensions and enhancing multiculturalism.

GOALS Activate the neighborhood

Enhance the public transit hub

STRATEGIES Strengthen local multicultural identity Create recreation opportunities Enhance natural elements Increase public safety Stimulate economic development Sustainable Mobility District

68 Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

Create a center for expression of culture

ACTIONS

11

STRENGTHEN LOCAL MULTICULTURAL IDENTITY

14

INCREASE PUBLIC SAFETY

Public art projects Neighborhood Branding Cultural festivals Cultural light show on immigrant stories Temporary museums/exhibitions Establish neighborhood support group and municipal collaboration agreement Collaborate with humanitarian groups

Additional LED lighting Painted crosswalk art Anti-litter awareness campaign Replace on-street asphalt with pavers Additional traffic signage

21

CREATE RECREATION OPPORTUNITIES

Splash pad Adventure playground Sandbox Community vegetable garden Outdoor films on the lawn Outdoor gym equipment Multipurpose sports field Street furniture Picnic area and barbeque grills Little Free Library

51

STIMULATE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Parklets Local food retail courtyard Monthly street market Worker co-operative

Local micro loan program Faรงade improvement program

3

ENHANCE NATURAL ELEMENTS

Convert drainage canal into a bioswale Rain gardens Green faรงades (vertical gardens) Trees and vegetation

6

SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY DISTRICT

Wayfinding Real-time information kiosk Promote use of bike silos Car-sharing station Redesign public waiting areas Upgrade finishing materials Luggage storage lockers Additional pathways to/within the hub Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

69

TARGETED PARAMETERS

PROPOSED LINKS

SQUARE OF RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE

Considering that a large proportion of San Martino’s residents are immigrants, especially from Egypt, through our field visits we found that many of them practice Islam. This zone, however, being that it contains a Catholic church right in its center, should be an area of religious tolerance. It has been an area where residents have lived peacefully amongst each other, despite of their religious or cultural differences.

Looking towards the county of Bulgaria’s square of religious tolerance, we took this as inspiration for our own concept for the community.

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

71

INTERVENTIONS

7

PHASING TIMELINE

Starts and ends Start-up implementation

YEARS

1

2

PHASE 2

3

PHASE 3

4

5

6

S i l e n t Vo i c e s o f t h e b o r d e r Patto Collaborazione Dosta and ROMED campaign

7

8

9

10

2029

74

Strengthen Local Multicultural Identity Public art projects Neighborhood branding Cultural festivals Cultural light show on immigrant stories Establish a local neighborhood support group Collaborate with groups to promote social inclusion of gypsy community Temporary museums/exhibitions Create Recreation Opportunities Splash pad Adventure playground Sandbox Community vegetable garden Outdoor films on the lawn Outdoor gym equipment Multipurpose sports field Street furniture Picnic area and barbeque grills Little Free Library Enhance Natural Elements Convert the drainage canal into a bioswale Install rain gardens Green faรงades (vertical gardens) Trees and vegetation Increase Public Safety Install additional LED lighting Painted crosswalk art Launch anti-litter awareness campaign and clean-up events Install pavers on street Install additional traffic signage Stimulate Economic Development Parklets for additionalVision seatingPlan areas Borderland+ Community Local food retail space: shipping container eateries, food trucks + courtyard Monthly street market

PHASE 1 2020

Continues over time

Establish a local neighborhood support group Collaborate with groups to promote social inclusion of gypsy community Temporary museums/exhibitions Create Recreation Opportunities Splash pad Adventure playground Sandbox Community vegetable garden Outdoor films on the lawn Outdoor gym equipment Multipurpose sports field Street furniture Picnic area and barbeque grills Little Free Library Enhance Natural Elements Starts and ends Convert Start-up the drainage canal into a bioswale implementation Install rain gardens Continues over time YEARS Green faรงades (vertical gardens) Trees and vegetation Strengthen Local Increase Public Multicultural Safety Identity Public art projects Install additional LED lighting Neighborhood branding Painted crosswalk art Culturalanti-litter festivals awareness campaign and clean-up events Launch Cultural light on show on immigrant stories Install pavers street Establish a local neighborhood Install additional traffic signage support group Collaborate with groups to promote social inclusion of gypsy community Stimulate Economic Temporary museums/exhibitions Development Create Recreation Parklets for additional seating areas Opportunities Local food retail space: shipping container eateries, food trucks + courtyard Splash pad Monthly street market Adventurea worker playground Establish co-operative Sandboximprovement grant/loan program Faรงade Community vegetable garden Local micro-loan program Outdoor films on the lawn Sustainable Mobility Outdoor gym equipment District Multipurpose sports field Wayfinding Street furniture Real-time kiosk Picnic areainformation and barbeque grills Promote of bike silos Little Freeuse Library Car-sharing Enhancestation Natural Redesign public waiting areas to reflect diverse cultures Elements Upgrade finishing materials Convert the drainage canal into a bioswale Luggage storage lockers Install rain gardens Additional pathways connecting to and within the hub Green faรงades (vertical gardens) Trees and vegetation Increase Public Safety Install additional LED lighting Painted crosswalk art Launch anti-litter awareness campaign and clean-up events Install pavers on street Install additional traffic signage Stimulate Economic Development Parklets for additional seating areas Local food retail space: shipping container eateries, food trucks + courtyard Monthly street market

Dosta and ROMED campaign

PHASING TIMELINE

PHASE 1

2

3

PHASE 3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

2029

2020

1

PHASE 2

S i l e n t Vo i c e s o f t h e b o r d e r Patto Collaborazione Dosta and ROMED campaign

Local Economic Development Long term policy Local business sustenance

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

75

IMPLEMENTING THE ACTIONS ACTIONS

Public Safety Natural Elements Park Transit Hub

Recreation

Via Emilia Shops and Parklets Cultural and Outdoor Market Zone

Shopping Center

Community Garden Cycling Path Drainage Canal

76

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

Bike Station

PHASE 1 PHASE-1 Phase 1 will comprise of light, quick and cheap interventions that can be easily implemented within the first 6 months or up to 1 year. These interventions focus primarily on revitalizing San Martino and will set the foundation for the following phases.

Parklets in Via Emilia

Painted Crosswalk Art

Sandbox

Street’s Lighting and Vegetation

Community Vegetable Garden

Green Facades

Outdoor Cinema Elements and Areas Affected Cycling Path Drainage Canal Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

77

PHASE 2 PHASE-2 Phase 2 will comprise of primarily of infrastructure improvements, where it be for public safety concerns, aesthetic reasons or recreational opportunities.

These interventions will require a higher financial investment and more time to get approved and completed.

Multipurpse Sports Field

Install Street Pavers+ Street Furniture

Bioswales on the Drainage Canal

Monthly Street Market Areas and Elements affected Phase-1 Actions Cycling Path

78

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

Upgrade the Finishing Materials of the Transit Hub

Splash Pad

Improve the pathways connecting to and within the hub

PHASE 3 PHASE-3 Phase 3 will have a more narrow focus on economic development, by completing the final steps in the revitalization process that will help support the area in the long-term.

Temporary Exhibitions

Cultural Light Show

Cultural Festivals

Local Food Retails

Areas and Elements Affected Phase-2 Actions Phase-1 Actions Cycling Path Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

79

ACTIONS DESCRIPTIONS

11

STRENGTHEN LOCAL MULTICULTURAL IDENTITY

ACTION

DESCRIPTION

Public Art Projects

Develop a public arts program to activate local artists and integrate into the streetscapes and public green areas (i.e. murals, street art, art pieces, etc.).

1

2

3

Neighborhood Branding

Launch a branding initiative to redefine San Martino’s image as a multicultural Borderland+ by using public art, social media, signage and public events.

1

2

3

Cultural Festivals

Host cultural festivals to celebrate the community’s diversity of cultural identities, and attract outside investment and visitors to the area.

1

2

3

Cultural Light Show on Immigrant Stories

Feature a laser light show, “The Silent Voices of the Borderland,” highlighting real life residents’ stories on their journey from their home country to Milan.

1

2

3

Neighborhood Support Group + Collaboration Agreement

A community-based neighborhood group will be established to better facilitate other interventions. A Patto di Collaborazione (Collaboration Agreement) will be signed between the group and the municipality, giving the residents themselves the responsibility of caring for the green space.

1

2

3

Collaborate with Local Humanitarian Groups

Partnerships will be formed with humanitarian groups such as Comunita di Sant’Egidio, to minimize the stigma against gypsies and to promote their social inclusion.

1

2

3

Temporary Museums + Exhibitions

Temporary small-scale museums and exhibitions will be featured on a seasonal basis, offering a glimpse into the lives and customs of immigrants.

1

2

3

80 Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

PHASE

ACTIONS DESCRIPTIONS

21

CREATE RECREATION OPPORTUNITIES

ACTION

DESCRIPTION

PHASE

Splash Pad

An aquatic play area will be installed for children in the neighborhood park.

1

2

3

Adventure Playground

The existing playground will be revamped to include new features such as faux caves, climbing ropes and tire swings to encourage “unstructured play.�

1

2

3

Sandbox

A large sandbox will be installed in the existing playground area.

1

2

3

Community Vegetable Garden

A community garden will be added for residents to grow their own fruits and vegetables. Small workshops will be held to teach residents the basics of gardening.

1

2

3

Outdoor Cinema

Free open-air movies will be offered in the neighborhood park once a month.

1

2

3

Outdoor Gym Equipment

Low- and medium-impact fitness equipment will be installed in the neighborhood park to encourage bodyweight and calisthenics-based exercises.

1

2

3

Multi-purpose Sports Field

An adaptable, multi-purpose sports field will be able to accommodate a variety of sports on a single field, including football and volleyball.

1

2

3

Street Furniture

Benches, tables, laying areas, bike racks, waste and recycle bins will be added.

1

2

3

Picnic Area + Barbeque Grills

A small portion of the neighborhood park will be transformed into a picnic area.

1

2

3

Little Free Library

A mini public book exchange box will be installed in the neighborhood park to encourage passerbys to take a book to read or leave one for someone else.

1

2

3

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

81

ACTIONS DESCRIPTIONS

31

82

ENHANCE NATURAL ELEMENTS

ACTION

DESCRIPTION

PHASE

Convert the Drainage Canal into a Bioswale

The existing drainage canal will be upgraded to include a greater diversity of vegetation adapted to filtering stormwater while providing an aesthetic value.

1

2

3

Rain Gardens

Rain gardens are a form of green infrastructure consisting of native shrubs and flowers planted in a small depression. They will incorporated throughout the green areas, such as the neighborhood park, curbside, or within roundabouts to capture and treat stormwater runoff.

1

2

3

Green Faรงades (Vertical Gardens)

Climbing plants will be planted across building faรงades to improve the desirability of the unmaintained buildings, while also providing for improved air quality and increased building insulation.

1

2

3

Trees + Vegetation

Trees and shrubs will be planted within the green spaces and along Via Emilia.

1

2

3

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

ACTIONS DESCRIPTIONS

41

INCREASE PUBLIC SAFETY

ACTION

DESCRIPTION

PHASE

Additional LED Lighting

Additional LED light fixtures will be installed primarily along the pathways inbetween the public transit hub and the neighborhood.

1

2

3

Painted Crosswalk Art

Painted crosswalk art will be incorporated on Via Emilia. Its bright colors and unique designs will contribute to the neighborhood identity while also providing for pedestrian safety measures.

1

2

3

Anti-Litter Awareness Campaign

An anti-litter awareness campaign will be launched to reduce litter in the community. Local clean-up events will also be held on a quarterly basis.

1

2

3

Replace on-street asphalt with pavers

The internal neighborhood street, Via 8 Ottobre 2001, will be transformed into a Woonerf Street by installing pavers to reduce speed limits, narrowing the street width, and adjusting the on-street parking arrangement.

1

2

3

Additional traffic signage

Additional traffic signage will be installed along Via Emilia to keep drivers alert.

1

2

3

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

83

ACTIONS DESCRIPTIONS

51

STIMULATE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

ACTION

DESCRIPTION

PHASE

Parklets for Additional Seating Areas

Private businesses along Via Emilia will be able to apply to construct temporary gathering spaces in place of on-street parking, acting as an extension of the pedestrian realm.

1

2

3

Local Food Retail Space + Courtyard

The green space in-between the transit hub and the neighborhood will be transformed to be able to accommodate food trucks and small-scale portable eateries (i.e. shipping containers) and food stalls. The courtyard will be able to accommodate a variety of community events.

1

2

3

Monthly Street Market

San Martino will host a monthly street market along its internal roads.

1

2

3

Worker Co-Operative

A worker co-operative is a business owned by the workers themselves who have full representation when it comes to decision-making within the business. It will serve as a safety net for local individuals wishing to start up a business but lack the resources or courage to do so.

1

2

3

Faรงade Improvement Loan/ Grant Program

A fund program will be established to provide loans or grants to property owners within Triulzo Superiore wishing to improve their building faรงade.

1

2

3

Local Micro-Loan Program

A local lending program will be established specifically for small business owners who do not qualify for traditional financing and who cannot afford high monthly installments.

1

2

3

84 Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

ACTIONS DESCRIPTIONS

61

SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY DISTRICT

ACTION

DESCRIPTION

Wayfinding

Develop and install wayfinding information and signage throughout the community.

1

2

3

Real-Time Information Kiosk

Interactive computer kiosks will be installed throughout the public transit hub, giving riders real-time arrival information while also being able to incorporate last mile choices into their transportation inquiry (i.e. walking, biking, etc.)

1

2

3

Promote Use of Bike Silos

An automated bicycle parking facility was recently opened adjacent to the public transit hub. Marketing strategies will be deployed in order to promote its use among the public transit hub commuters.

A car-sharing station will be added near the public transit hub to provide commuters with a sustainable last-mile transportation choice.

1

2

3

1

2

3

Car-Sharing Station

PHASE

Redesign Public Waiting Areas

Public waiting areas in the transit hub will be redesigned to reflect the multiculturalism of the community (i.e. lighting fixtures, furniture, etc.)

1

2

3

Upgrade Finishing Materials

The outdated and deteriorating finishing materials of the hub will be upgraded.

1

2

3

Luggage Storage Lockers

Luggage storage lockers will be installed within the hub in order to provide longdistance commuters with a safe place to stow their bags.

1

2

3

Additional Pathways Connecting to/within the Hub

There are several obstacles within and outside of the transit hub, which will be removed to allow to greater accessibility and safety.

1

2

3

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

85

THEORY OF CHANGE

PROJECT FEASIBILITY

8

REGENERATIVE SYSTEM

90 Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

THE ACTORS

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY DEVELOPMENT COSTS

92

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

93

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY DEVELOPMENT COSTS

DEVELOPMENT COSTS

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

2020 units

sqm/sqft

€/sqm/unit

Year 1

Total (€)

PHASE 3

2021 Year 2

2022 Year 3

PHASE 4

TOTAL

2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2030 2030 2030 2030 2030 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12 Year 13 Year 14 Year 15 Year 16

Cost assumed by:

Phase 1 Public art projects

Cost (includes cost of landplot and subdivision costs) Land owned by Commune Di Milano

1676.75

3353.50 Commune Di Milano

1,307.23

100

130723.00 Commune Di Milano

80.9

100

8090.00

2432.4

100

243240.00

1,987.98

100

198798.00

2

Adventure playground

Sandbox Street furniture (benches, tables, laying areas, bike racks recycle bins) Picnic area and barbeque grills Canopy trees and vegetation

50

Community vegetable garden

Activate the Neighborhood

Little Free Library

577.55 2

225.04

11252.00

100

57755.00

221.71

443.42

Outdoor films on the lawn

1,104.40

Green façades (vertical gardens)

20,477.11

22

450496.42

1,285.89

250

321472.50

50

300

15000.00

3

1676.75

Multipurpose sports field

Painted crosswalk art

11244.60

Collaborate with local humanitarian groups to promote social inclusion of gypsy commu Launch anti-litter awareness campaign and host quarterly Local Clean-Up Events Wayfinding Public Transit Hub

Commune Di Milano, Commune Di San Donato

5030.25 1000.00 Dues and fundraising by the group

Establish a local neighborhood support group and collaboration agreement

GOAL 2: Enhance the

Commune Di Milano

10000.00 Local businesses in charge of food and drink

Outdoor gym equipment Install additional LED lighting

3353.50 130723.00

8090.00 243240.00 198798.00 11252.00 57755.00 443.42 2000.00 225248.21 160736.25 11244.60 15000.00 5030.25 200.00

8090.00 243240.00 198798.00 11252.00 57755.00 443.42 10000.00 450496.42 321472.50 11244.60 15000.00 5030.25 1000.00

Street food Square association, community members Commune Di Milano

Monthly street market

GOAL 1:

3353.50 130723.00

Self funded

Neighborhood branding

20

Car-sharing station Public art (sculptures, murals, street art, etc.)

Promote use of bike silos

4

Street art

2

1000

Council of Europe through the “Dosta!” awareness raising campaign and ROMED 6000.00 Commune Di Milano 20000.00 Commune Di Milano Car2Go, Enjoy, E-vai, Ubeeqo, Share´go, Drive-Now 6707.00 Commune Di Milano 500.00 Cicolobby Milan

2000.00 10000.00

2000.00 225248.21 160736.25

2000.00 2000.00 2000.00

200.00

200.00

2000.00 10000.00

2000.00

200.00

200.00

6707.00 500.00

6000.00 20000.00 0.00 6707.00 500.00

3353.50

3353.50

GOAL 3: Create a center for expression of culture

1676.75

3353.50 Commune Di Milano

Phase 2 105.5

Splash pad

GOAL 1:

Install pavers on street

Activate the Neighborhood

Install additional traffic signage Parklets for additional seating areas Real-time information kiosk Improve lighting in/around the station

GOAL 2: Enhance the Public Transit Hub

6,552

200

72072.00

1000

10000.00

2

22207.5

44415.00 9344.66

20

300

6000.00

Upgrade finishing materials Additional pathways connecting to and within the hub

70000

13

909999.00

2,222.96

11

24452.56

5000

100 300

6,285.30

11

GOAL 3: Create a center for expression of culture

15

Replace asphalt with street pavers Signage Installations Convert the drainage canal into a bioswale Install rain gardens

717.4 300

1000 2.7 9

5

Phase 3 GOAL 1:

Commune Di Milano

ATM

21100.00 72072.00 10000.00 44415.00 9344.66 6000.00 909999.00 24452.56

Stow your bags, Bag BnB

Luggage storage lockers Redesign public waiting areas to reflect diverse cultures Lighting

10550.00 10550.00 36036.00 36036.00 5000.00 5000.00 22207.50 22207.50 9344.66 6000.00 303333.00 303333.00 ######## 12226.28 12226.28

21100.00

11

10

500000.00 Commune Di Milano 4500.00 69138.30

250000.00 ######### 4500.00 34569.15 34569.15 2500.00 2500.00 1936.98 1350.00 1350.00

Commune Di Milano

5000.00 1936.98 Agenzia regionale per la protezione ambientale, ARPA 2700.00 ERSAF - Regional Agency for Agriculture and Forestry

Façade improvement grant/loan program

100000.00 Commune Di Milano

Local micro-loan program Cultural festivals

Grameen Italia Foundation, PerMicro 10000.00 UFI, The Global Association of the 10000.00 Exhibition Industry, Commune Di Milano, 158264.01 Centro Culturale Milano 1388807.01 Commune Di Milano, Street food Square associatio Communal action to be collectively funded

500000.00 4500.00 69138.30 5000.00 1936.98 2700.00

10000.00 10000.00 ######## ########

10000.00 10000.00

10000.00 ####### ####### ########

100000.00

Activate the Neighborhood

GOAL 3: Create a center for expression of culture

Cultural light show on immigrant stories (Silent Voices of the Borders

1500 1,104.40

Temporary museums/exhibition

1,582.64

100

Local food retail: shipping container eateries, food trucks + courtyard

3,968.02

350

Establish a worker co-operative

2000.00 2000.00 52754.67 ########

2000.00 2000.00 52754.67 462937.67

2000.00 2000.00 52754.67 462937.67

2000.00 2000.00

2000.00 2000.00

10000.00 10000.00 158264.01 1388807.01

Funding cost

TOTAL COST Cost of Debt

94

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

4852188.71

1095674.73

1109738.03

691971.93

835223.34

531892.34

529692.34

14000.00

14000.00

10000.00

10000.00

10000.00

4852188.71

1095674.73

1109738.03

691971.93

835223.34

531892.34

529692.34

14000.00

14000.00

10000.00

10000.00

10000.00

4852188.71

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

95

agement

s

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY MANAGEMENT COSTS

PHASE 1

MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT COSTS COSTS

PHA

2020 units

sqm/sqft

units €/sqm/unit sqm/sqftTotal (€) €/sqm/unit

Asset management

Year 1

Total (€) Cost assumed by:

Cost assumed by:

Commune di Milano

Commune di Milano

YearYear 2

Community led development Community led development

Selling fees Letting fees

management Property management

ollecting rents Costs and renewing for collecting leases rents and renewing leases Local taxes

osts

Vacancy costs

osts

Defaults costs

anagement costs: Facility management costs:

ce and capitalMaintenance improvements and capital improvements10% of developmen Utilities

ent costs

Security

t cost

10% of developmen t cost

Development costs

144379.622 1443796.22

10% of

nt cost of public Management spaces cost of public spaces developmen t cost Parks

144379.622

144

121943.788

12194

1443796.22

10% of developmen 121943.788

t cost 1219437.9

1219437.9

lic facilities Other public facilities

OSTS

TOTAL COSTS

96

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

5118512.12

5118512.12

1095674.73

11363 1

ASE 1

PHASE 2

2020 1

1095674.73

PHASE 3

2021 Year 2

2022 Year 3

2023 Year 4

PHASE 4

2024 Year 5

2025 Year 6

2026 Year 7

2027 Year 8

2028 Year 9

2029 Year 10

2030 Year 11

TOTAL 2030

Year 12

2030 Year 13

2030 Year 14

2030 Year 15

2030 Year 16

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

14437.96

144379.62

12194.3788

12194.379

12194.38

12194.38

12194.3788

12194.379

12194.3788

12194.4

12194.38

12194.38

12194.38

12194.38

12194.38

12194.38

12194.38

121943.788

1136370.37

718604.27

861855.68 558524.68

556324.68

40632.34

40632.34

36632.34

36632.34

36632.34

26632.34

26632.34

26632.34

26632.34

26632.34

5118512.12

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

97

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REVENUE

REVENUE

REVENUE

units

sqm/sqft

units €/sqm/unit sqm/sqft Total ( €)€/sqm/unit

PHASE 1 PHASE PHASE 1 2020 2021202 Year 1 Year 2 Year 1 Ye

Total ( €) Cost assumed by:

Cost assumed by:

Rents/Recurring revenueRents/Recurring revenue

eet market Monthly street market

3,552

100.00 3,552

355200 100.00

355200

577.55

9 577.55

5197.95 9

5197.95

1000 5

1000

13500 9

13500

355200

355200 3552

and barbequePicnic grills area and barbeque grills

y vegetable garden Community vegetable garden

ms on the lawnOutdoor films on the lawn

g station

5

5197.95 1000

1000 10

Car-sharing station

e of bike silos Promote use of bike silos

orage lockers Luggage storage lockers

tivals

Cultural festivals

1500

9

1500

ht show on immigrant Culturalstories light show (Silent on immigrant Voices of the stories Borders (Silent Voices of the Borders

1,104.40

91,104.40

9939.6 9

9939.6

museums/exhibitions Temporary museums/exhibitions

1,582.64

91,582.64

14243.76 9

14243.76

on

Metro station

30000 962

des increase inGreen property façades valueincrease in property value

retail: shippingLocal container food retail: eateries, shipping food trucks container + courtyard eateries, food trucks + courtyard

VENUES

TOTAL REVENUES

ss

Profit or loss

rate (7%)

3,968.02

100 3,968.02

396802 100

30000 962 396802 356200

361397.95 3562

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-691097.879

-676890.926 -691097.8

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98

Borderland+ Community Vision Plan

20

00

00

Year 2

PHASE 2 PHASE 3 PHASE 4 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2030 2030 2030 2030 2030 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12 Year 13 Year 14 Year 15 Year 16

TOTAL

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

355200

3907200

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

5197.95

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

51979.5 11000

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

13500

962

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

9939.6

14243.76

14243.76

14243.76

14243.76

14243.76

14243.8

14243.76

14243.76

14243.76

14243.76

14243.76

14243.76

14243.76

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

30000

962

962

962

962

962

962

962

962

962

962

962

962

962

396802

396802

396802

396802

396802

396802

396802

396802

396802

396802

108000 79516.8 113950.08

1984010 6255656.38

00

361397.95

362359.95

430043.3

430043.3

430043.31

826845.31

826845.31

826845

826845.3

826845.3

826845

826845.3

826845.3

826845.3

826845.3

73

-774972.42

-356244.32

-431812.37

-128481.37

-126281.37

786212.97

786212.97 790212.97

790212.97

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800212.97

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1137144.26

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-329428

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429823

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375424.5

355304

332059.9

310336.4

290034

271059.8

1548973.56

879

-1367988.8

-1658790

-1988218

-2079823

-2163969.9

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-786949

-385245

-9820.71

345483

677543.4

987879.7

1277914

1548974

PAYBA CK STARTS

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SCENARIOS

9

SCENARIO 1 Senario-1 The first scenario explores is a situation where actions are funding from a public-private collaboration.

This will result in a higher cost and optimal situation where all actions are implemented. This ideally is the target for the plan to ensure that the goals, outcomes and mission is attained.

Senario-1 Area of Interest: Area o Interest: Area o Interest:

Infrastructure Community Garden Infrastructure Community Garden The Cultural and Commercial Zone in between The Cultural and Commercial Zone in between

Public Interventions Private Internentions Public Interventions Private Internentions

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SCENARIO 2 The second scenario explores the situation where there is no private involvement for some of the actions with all the costs and implementation borne by the public. This is suboptimal and not preferred. However, this is a possibility when the private citizens do not feel the need to involve themselves. The public authorities expend the costs solely without any local partnership.

Senario-2 Area Interest: Area oofInterest:

Infrastructure Community Garden

Public Interventions

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SCENARIO 3 The third scenario draws on the sense of community potential of the area to arrive at a possibility where some actions are solely implemented by the community members. In this situation, the actions are more of low cost. This scenario provides an intuitive possibility since general funding of projects are political.

Therefore, when this happens, some actions can still be implemented to bring about some level of change in the area. The Patto di Collaborazione action will help sustain this scenario.

Senario-3 Area of Interest: Area o Interest:

Public Interventions

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Light Actions which affect directlty the neighborhod residents

SOCIAL INCLUSION CONCLUSION Working on the periphery of Milan, the crucial aspect of our project was to understand that not all boundaries are the same. There are visible physical boundaries that restrict access in the formal sense, but there are also invisible boundaries (like economic boundaries, visual boundaries,) that hinder opportunities and create new social meanings. We chose this as the thrust of our project and framed a mission to identify these in/visible boundaries. The proposal was NOT to simply open up these boundaries to the centre (which may create further peripheries within the metropolitan of Milan) but explore these existing elements within the historical, social and economic discourses of the area. As part of that, we attempted to highlight, enunciate and further the already existing positive trends and break down/ get rid of the negative. Consequently, the actions, strategies and goals proposed in this book involved creating new amenities, enhancing public life, establishing missing links, prescribing new social notions (Square of religious tolerance) all but within the legal and policy framework of Italy. In conclusion, we hope that this study identifies San Martino neighbourhood and its surrounding entities, as examples of potential Italian communities which can be at the forefront to create multi-cultural and socially inclusive neighbourhood models.

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10

CASE STUDIES

PROJECT REFERENCES

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Articles and books Chiara Brambilla (2015) Exploring the Critical Potential of the Borderscapes Concept, Geopolitics, 20:1, 14-34, DOI: 10.1080/14650045.2014.884561 Jacobs, Jane (1961).The Death and Life of Great American Cities (chapter on The Curse of Border Vacuums), New York Shiyao Li, Wan Huang & Heyan Xu, The Wall Street: From Fortress Besieged Towards More Equitable Public Space.

Urban Design: Street and Square,Cliff Moughtin, Spring 1992, 224pp illus 220 X 220mm paper ISBN 0 7506 0416 6.

Harvard (18th ed.)BENTLEY, I. (1985). Responsive environments: a manual for designers. London, Architectural Press. “I Ricordi Ritrovati del Popolo Migratori.� La Domenica di Repubblica Web https://www.archdaily.com/906313/in-visible-borders https://www.aiadc.com/invisibleborders http://www.comune.milano.it/wps/portal/ist/it/news/primopiano/Tutte_notizie/mobilita_ambiente_energia/riqualificazione_stazione_ sandonato_lampugnano https://issuu.com/748028/docs/site_analysis https://geoportale.comune.milano.it/ http://www.comune.milano.it/wps/portal/ist/it/servizi/territorio/revisionePGT/PGT_Revisione_2017 https://www.pps.org/article/lighter-quicker-cheaper http://graffitimurals.com.au/pricing/ https://www.apnursery.com/tree-planting-costs/ https://littlefreelibrary.org/faqs/ http://architek.com/products/green-facades https://cds.sevenoaks.gov.uk/Data/Social chrome-extension://ngpampappnmepgilojfohadhhmbhlaek/captured.html?back=1 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132313002382

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http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/newsroom/cf/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=7828 https://guidestudio.com/budgeting-signage-wayfinding/ https://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_pavers.html https://www.wirespring.com/dynamic_digital_signage_and_interactive_kiosks_journal/articles/Budgeting_for_an_Interactive_Kiosk_ Project-200.html https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.aspenational.org/resource/resmgr/Techical_Papers/2015_May_TP.pdf https://www.springfieldmo.gov/DocumentCenter/View/17167/Success-through-Organization?bidId= https://rm.coe.int/1680684b5e https://www.letsdoitworld.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/LDIW_toolkit-2018-def.pdf https://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/litter-flytipping/top-campaigns https://nacto.org/docs/usdg/reclaiming_the_right_of_way_brozen.pdf http://www.seattle.gov/Documents/Departments/SDOT/PublicSpaceManagement/Parklet_Handbook_DIN_2017.pdf https://www.asla.org/uploadedFiles/CMS/Chapters/CD_Bioswale.pdf https://home.costhelper.com/rain-garden.html

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