January Issue: Counting Change

the

F OURTH

estate

COUNTING CHANGE LAGUNA BLANCA SCHOOL

4125 PALOMA DRIVE SANTA BARBARA, CA

JANUARY 2024

NEWS Climate Change Goals The Stock Market & Crypto Biden & Trump Young Alumni College Panel Student Diversity Conference

5 6-7 8-9 10 11

FEATURE Quarter of a Century Recap Senior Dog Day Teacher Feature: Mr. Ary Winter Break Activities New Year’s Resolutions College Application Process Stance of the Staff

OPINION The Reading Slump Perceptions of Aging Counterfeit Merchandise Gifted Child Burnout Seasonal Depression

13 14 15 16-17 18 19 21

22 23 24 25 27

TABLE OF CONTENTS A&E

2024 Favorite Albums The Menendez Brothers Story “Wicked” Trader Joe’s Winter Favorites Winter Essentials The Crumbl Cult

28 29 30-31 32 33 34-35

SPORTS Léon Marchand Holiday Spirit of American Sports Athlete of the Issue: Carson Stewart The Rise of Pickleball Winter Sports Recap

COVER Freshman Hartley Abeysekera

37 38-39 40 41 42-43

OUR TEAM FACULTY ADVISER Trish McHale EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Ada Green Dionne Peterson Sofia Ramirez MANAGING EDITOR Niccolo D’Agruma OPINION EDITOR Milla Hirsch NEWS EDITOR Davis Ohanian A&E EDITORS Ada Green Sofia Ramirez

FEATURE EDITOR Niccolo D’Agruma

BUSINESS MANAGER Jules Leclercq

SPORTS EDITORS Jules Leclercq Mason Siegel

PHOTO EDITOR Daphne Shiebler

ART DIRECTOR Dionne Peterson WEBSITE EDITORS Liam Knezevic Teddy Wilson SOCIAL MEDIA EDITOR Milla Hirsch COPY EDITOR JJ Stone

MAGAZINE STAFF Jette Asher Katja Broomberg Olivia de Ponce Jack Grube Natalie Schweitzer Lulu Simpson Bennett Sullivan Lilly Trautwein Jinling Wang Ella Wickman Hali Wight

A Letter from the Editors

H

appy New Year!

Welcome to 2025. As seniors, we are in the class of 2025, which is the year we graduate. We can hardly believe it’s finally here. Welcome to a new quarter of a century of the third millennium.

When discussing our theme for this issue and talking about upcoming national changes, someone brought up the value of the penny and the talk of discontinuing it.

We talked about how most of us students don’t even use coins anymore — many of us have jars of coins sitting on our desks we don’t know what to do with.

We live in the age of Apple Pay and Venmo, and the penny is virtually useless.

Our adviser Ms. Trish McHale pointed out that no one uses change anymore. Nobody stands at a counter and counts out coins to pay with exact change. And…we’re entering a new “quarter” of a century.

Thus, “Counting Change” took shape.

Of course, this theme goes beyond a brilliant pun that we may or may not be too excited about. As reflected in our Stance of the Staff, 2025 is a milestone for monumental global, national, and community change.

Our method of “currency”— something that, by definition, is supposed to stay constant — is evolving.

A new president entered the office and promises major and controversial action.

2025 is a benchmark for efforts to slow anthropogenic climate change.

Last fall, we followed extreme hurricane damage on the east coast. And for the last few weeks, we’ve been intensely watching coverage of the Los Angeles wildfires.

We’ve heard incomprehensible destruction statistics paired with devastating footage of homes and schools burned to the ground. It hits close to home — literally and emotionally.

As we enter into this new quarter of the century we find ourselves facing change, both good and bad.

Yet, as we enter these new times we hope that our articles hold a remembrance that none of us are facing this change alone.

Best,

4 • NEWS

• MISSION STATEMENT The Fourth Estate is an open forum created for and by journalism students of Laguna Blanca Upper School. We hope to use this space to cover events, interviews and topics of interest in greater depth.

Our staff seeks to be a platform for creative expression and to report on events and ideas of importance to our readers and to focus on topics of significance and interest to inform and entertain the school community.

• BYLINE POLICY When two or three people work on a story, all names will be listed. If an editor rewrites a majority of a story, the editor’s name will be listed.

• LETTERS TO THE EDITORS The Fourth Estate welcomes guest columns and letters to the editor. Letters must be signed and must be no longer than 400 words. Editors reserve the right to edit for length, clarity and/or taste. Anonymous letters will not be published. The Fourth Estate reserves the right to reject advertising. Opinions expressed in this publication reflect the perspectives of the staff whose goal is to inform our readers with reliable information from which to base decisions and opinions. Editorials represent the voice of the staff and are voted on by the entire staff. Columns and commentaries are labeled as such and represent the opinion of the author. The Fourth Estate publishes four issues per year with a senior insert in the last issue.

• CORRECTION POLICY The staff strives for accuracy. When factual errors occur, mistakes are found or brought to the attention of the staff, corrections will be printed in a corrections box in the next issue.

• COLOPHON This is the second issue and the 30th volume of The Fourth Estate. Laguna Blanca School, 4125 Paloma Dr., Santa Barbara, CA 93110. Contacts are available at tmchale@lagunablanca.org, (805) 687-2461 x0317 or www.thefourthestate.net. Laguna Blanca School has an EK through 12th grade student population of 423.

The Fourth Estate is an 8.5 by 11 general magazine, created on MAC computers using Adobe InDesign CC2024, Imperial URW and Mencken Standard font families and printed on glossy paper free for students and $30 for an annual subscription. The magazine is distributed to all Upper School students through the school’s advisory program and sent by mail to subscribers with 300 copies printed per issue. We are associated with NSPA, CSPA and JEA.

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Climate Goals: Morality or Marketing?

Over a third of the top 500 largest US companies have compensation-tied climate goals. Going into 2025, how effectively are they reaching these goals and are they doing enough to save our planet?

C

arbon neutrality is an increasingly used word within the environmental science community.

Every corporation it seems has set aside a date for it—a date after which their company will become a positive force for the environment.

Even major natural gas companies like Exxon Mobil have announced that they’re dedicated to saving our climate.

How authentic are these intentions and how much of it is consumer-facing marketing to uphold brand ethics in the public eye?

“Santa Barbara experiences a lot more of the effects of global warming than other places. We’re prone to wildfires, long droughts, and mudslides,” junior Robie Polos said.

We’ve directly seen the results of neglectful companies in incidents such as the historic 1969 Oil Spill—the impetus for the now internationally celebrated Earth Day, which originated in Santa Barbara.

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WORDS by TEDDY WILSON ART by DIONNE PETERSON Some community members are concerned that their personal impact on the climate is overshadowed by that of large companies.

“I think it’s more in the hands of corporations, especially fossil fuel companies who lobby with the government to prevent climate bills from passing,” junior Brandon Fuladi said.

“I’m sure a lot of it is just to look good in the public eye.”

- Aaron Kamps

An examination by the Statstista Research Department found that oil companies spent over $67 million lobbying the U.S. government during the 2024 election cycle.

The majority of these companies set goals for carbon neutrality, but the ostensible motivation for these targets is under ethical critique.

“Many of the goals are big and are big enough, but they’re almost doing it as a means of advertising more than a means of social good. They are doing it so that customers won’t attack them for being climate-unfriendly. But they really don’t care,” Brandon said.

Corporations create a lot of advertising to present their climate goals and improve brand perception.

“I’m sure a lot of it is just to look good in the public eye,” junior Aaron Kamps said.

How corporations respond to climate change is integral to the future of our planet.

“Many of their efforts to appease the public don’t work out as intended and aren’t feasible,” said Robie.

With bills like the Inflation Reduction Act, our government is advocating for cleaner energy and a sustainable future.

It’s time for our corporations to do the same.

NEWS • 5

Minting Millionaires: The Surge of Stocks and Crypto Over the past year, U.S. stocks and crypto have surged to all-time highs, shattering expectations. The hype surrounding AI, interest rate cuts, and the buildup to the election could be attributed to this record growth.

WORDS by BENNETT SULLIVAN GRAPHICS by DIONNE PETERSON

O

ver the last two years, the stock market has grown astronomically; the S&P 500 has risen by nearly 50%, and certain stocks like Nvidia have soared up more than 700%. This dramatic increase in the stock market has drawn interest from old investors and newcomers alike, with everyone wondering what factors contributed to such an abnormal increase.

“This stock market increase has to do more with the dropping interest rates,” AP Economics teacher Paul Chiment said. “[The Federal Reserve] raised interest rates to fight inflation in 2022, which lowers demand for stocks because people are putting all their money in the bank. Once they lower those interest rates, you’re not getting [high bank interest] anymore, so people are more willing to take the risk and put their money into the stocks.”

Interest rate fluctuations play a pivotal role in market trends. The Federal Reserve’s outlined duties, such as raising and lowering interest rates during inflationary periods,

“This stock market increase has to do more with the dropping interest rates... [since they] act like a lever for the economy.” - AP Econ Instructor Paul Chiment have created cyclical effects on investment behavior. These shifts may be a part of broader monetary policy to balance inflation and unemployment.

“Interest rates act like a lever for the economy,” Chiment said. “When rates are high, it’s harder for businesses to borrow money, and consumers often prefer the guaranteed returns of bank interest. When rates drop, that dynamic shifts, encouraging people to seek higher returns in stocks.”

Another prominent driver of recent market gains has been the explosive growth of artificial intelligence.

6 • NEWS

Companies like NVIDIA and AMD, which produce key hardware for AI applications, have seen their valuations skyrocket.

“I actually saw this coming,” said Math Department Head Erik Faust. “I invested in some AI-related stocks prior to the passage of the CHIPS Act, anticipating increased government spending in the sector. But I also knew there would be some ‘irrational exuberance,’ so I set benchmarks for selling.”

The CHIPS Act, a $53 billion federal investment in semiconductor manufacturing and research, may be a rationale for some AI-related stocks’ growth. Yet analysts are divided on whether these stocks are overvalued or not.

“NVIDIA’s market value is now nearly five times the industry estimate for next year’s global chip sales,” said Eric Savitz, the associate editor at market research and analytics company Barrons.

“Microsoft has seven times the number of employees Nvidia does and twice the sales. Apple has five times the staff and triple the sales volume,” he said.

Nonetheless, this past week, NVIDIA’s market cap vaulted past them both.”

Despite the skepticism surrounding the market cap, NVIDIA reported earnings that beat analyst expectations by 8% in November of this year, which could imply that it is fairly valued.

According to Chiment, the course of action he takes when evaluating a stock is to “talk to a financial advisor.

Really do.”

Above all the speculation surrounding AI companies, the industry is undeniably a force for economic change and innovation in the world.

“AI is like the next version of computers—it’s here to stay,” said Faust. “But the current valuations might not hold forever. It’s important to distinguish between genuine innovation and hype.” thefourthestate.net

While AI has transformed the stock market, Bitcoin’s resurgence has reignited the cryptocurrency debate. After a prolonged slump, Bitcoin rebounded significantly this year, buoyed by growing institutional interest and speculation surrounding the recent election. Bitcoin has surged up more than 155% in 2024 compared to the nearly 60% decline in the two years before that.

“Bitcoin feels more like the dot-com bubble to me,” said Faust. “There’s a lot of excitement driving up prices, but not always with strong fundamentals behind it.”

Regardless of the debate, Bitcoin’s volatility has made it a popular—if risky—choice for younger investors.

At Laguna Blanca, financial literacy is essential to educate well-rounded students. With classes like Personal Finance and AP Macro Economics, as well as other resources like the investment club, students can learn the fundamentals of investing.

“Beginner investors often make the mistake of trying to get rich quick,” said Chiment. “Instead, they should consider an index tracking ETF. For example, the S&P 500 will likely offer more stable returns.”

ETFs, or exchange-traded funds, track the performance of dozens or hundreds of stocks to diversify risk. They are largely considered one of the safest options in the stock market.

In Faust’s words, “Just put your money in ETFs, take advantage of compounding interest, be Warren Buffett.”

Some students take these lessons to heart, while others have discovered profitable strategies of their own.

“I prefer to stick to ETFs and large-cap stocks in order to keep my investments very low risk,” said senior Rio Valle.

On the other hand, junior Fernando Alejandre has developed his own strategy. “I am invested in a large variety of crypto, small and large, which has led to very good returns over the past years.” thefourthestate.net

NEWS • 7

A Lifetime of Public Service: Joe Biden’s Legacy As President Biden’s political career comes to an end, students and faculty highlight his respectable demeanor and some of his legislative accomplishments, honoring his legacy.

WORDS by DAVIS OHANIAN GRAPHIC by DIONNE PETERSON

O

ver the past 50 years, President Joe Biden has epitomized what it means to be a public servant.

As a senator from Delaware, Vice President under Barack Obama, and President of the U.S., Biden’s political experience is unmatched.

As his tenure in public service comes to a close, Biden continues to face more and more backlash for the rampant inflation during the duration of his presidency - cumulatively, prices rose nearly 20% during his tenure according to the Federal Reserve Bank.

But, criticism aside, what pieces of legislation has Biden helped pass? What has Biden accomplished?

“President Biden’s most significant legislative accomplishment is arguably the Violence Against Women Act,” said AP history and government teacher Kevin Guay.

A landmark piece of legislation initially passed when Biden was a senator, the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), drastically increased penalties for repeat sex offenders, and created a variety of new systems designed to support survivors.

It also sparked action at the state-wide level in order to support the millions of survivors of domestic violence and sexual assault (the first of its kind). According to President Obama’s White House archives, since the passage of the bill in 1994, domestic violence rates have decreased by more than 50%.

In 2013, with Biden at the helm as vice president, the VAWA Reauthorization Act was signed into law, expanding existing protections and increasing funding to housing programs specifically for victims of violence.

Biden is also an advocate for our climate. The Inflation Reduction Act

(IRA), a controversial bill passed in June 2022, dedicated hundreds of millions aimed toward net carbon neutrality.

“I really think Biden’s received a lot of undue criticism for things that might not be his fault. He’s done a great job securing a green future through an agenda that will be hard to repeal,” said AP English teacher Victoria Dryden.

President Biden’s legislative agenda has prioritized a clean environment for the future, regardless of retaliatory actions from future presidents.

Not only has he set a goal for the U.S. to cut half of its carbon emissions by 2030, but the IRA empowered the Environmental Protection Agency to enact stronger protections against carbon emissions. According to Climate Power, the IRA also invested billions of dollars into sustainable manufacturing, leading to the creation of more than 273,000 new clean energy jobs. President Biden’s domestic legislative agenda is also bringing manufacturing jobs back to America.

“He has done a wonderful job promoting economic growth in certain areas while maintaining the viability of our climate,” said Dryden.

The CHIPS and Science Act helped spur growth in new manufacturing facilities, with an increase of 116% over the past year per the White House. The legislation will invest billions into American semiconductor manufacturing, making the US less reliant on resources from Asia.

“While we have political differences, I appreciate his lifelong service to our nation,” Sen. Lindsey Graham R-S.C. said.

“He has devoted his entire life to public service for the people of Delaware and the United States, and I wish him and his family well as this chapter in his life comes to an end.”

Trump Promises Change: For Better or For Worse?

As President-elect Trump takes office for the second time, he faces a tough domestic and foreign policy landscape and will preside over a divided nation. What is his policy platform?

WORDS by DAVIS OHANIAN GRAPHIC by DIONNE PETERSON

O

n the other hand, as President Trump takes office, he has no shortage of problems to deal with, especially as he tries to unite our nation. According to recent polling from Gallup, in August 2024, 18% of Americans believed that we were united, down from a high of 74% after the tragic events of 9/11.

“President-elect Trump has already made efforts to address the existing deep political divide during his victory speech last month, promising to ‘help our country heal,’” AP History instructor Kevin Guay said. “This is a notably less divisive tone than previous statements and one that opens a door for unity.”

These comments came at Trump’s Mar-a-Lago resort right after Trump declared victory in the 2024 Presidential election.

However, Trump’s attempt to unite the country also comes during a time when there are multiple ongoing foreign conflicts.

According to the US Congress Archives, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has resulted in hundreds of thousands of casualties, and the Israel-Hamas War has resulted in hundreds of thousands of displaced people.

“The most significant foreign policy issue President Trump will face is the ongoing war in Ukraine,” said Guay.

“Maintaining a delicate balance between deterring Russian aggression and avoiding further escalation, especially with nuclear action, will be critical.”

Trump has already picked Keith Kellogg, a retired US general, as his special envoy for the ongoing conflict.

The incoming administration hopes to reach a peaceful resolution.

Kellogg is quiet regarding his specific plans, but he is seeking a “ceasefire

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and negotiation settlement.”

Trump’s domestic agenda also promises change through unprecedented action.

In a video shared on social media platforms, Trump called for abolishing the Department of Education and returning the department’s funding proportionally to the states.

The proposal would have serious implications on federal loans and federal grants for those attaining an undergraduate degree.

The President also aims to eradicate veteran homelessness, lower the cost of energy, and bring back manufacturing jobs through tariffs (i.e. taxes on imported goods).

Trump recently proposed a broadband 25% tariff on all goods coming in from Canada and Mexico, moving the US away from neoliberal economic policies.

“I’m not sure if tariffs are the best thing for the economy,” senior Rio Valle said.

"They are a really powerful negotiation tool, but they’re obviously gonna raise the price levels of some goods we can’t make efficiently domestically.”

In a recent Truth Social post, Trump said “This tariff will remain in effect until such time as drugs, in particular fentanyl, and all illegal aliens stop this invasion of our country!”

But maybe there’s some room for common ground, especially if moderate Republicans break with Trump on certain bills.

The Republican Party also holds control of both houses in the Legislature, but they have a very slim majority in each house.

“If Trump can support bipartisan initiatives, I think Democrats and Republicans can work together to produce

solutions,” said Rio.

NEWS • 9

Young Alumni Return to Campus Alumni visit Spaulding Theater and share their college experiences.

A

WORDS by JETTE ASHER & ADA GREEN PHOTO by TARA BROUQSAULT

lumni Dylan Charney, Griffin Rick, Natalie Bianchi, Alexia Acosta, Lucas Acosta, Owen Noble, Jesus Arriaga, Jayla Provance, and Lucia Camp shared their first semester of college experiences.

Griffin, attending Boston University and majoring in biology with a specialization in neuroscience, spent his first semester as an exchange student in Florence, Italy.

“Getting thrown into a different country isn’t exactly what you’d expect out of the first semester of college, but I’d definitely say that you should do it,” Griffin said. “It’s an absolutely spectacular experience, getting to live somewhere totally new.”

Jayla balances attending Claremont McKenna College with a major in economics and playing on her college’s golf team.

She spoke about the consistency you need when applying to a college for sports and reaching out to coaches.

“I spent my sophomore year reaching out to college coaches and visiting universities.

I kept emailing college coaches even if they wouldn’t respond,” Jayla said. “I think around maybe late October, I eventually committed to Claremont McKenna College.”

Alexia, attending Pratt Institute with a major in industrial design, spoke about the process of curating an art portfolio and her last-minute decision to go to an art school.

“I had to build a complete portfolio for each art school. Each art school has its own requirements that you have to go specifically looking for your portfolio. I reached out to Mr. U and talked to college counseling because I didn’t expect to make a portfolio until after the summer because I didn’t know I wanted to go to art school,” Alexia said. “It was a very spontaneous choice on

my part, but I did it, and I got into college.”

When sharing surprises alums faced in college, Jesus, who is currently attending Clark University with a double major in finance and Spanish, shared how he didn’t anticipate how small his class sizes were.

“Clark is a pretty small school, and I didn’t really envision how small it would be.

My smallest class was nine students, and my biggest class was only 40 students. For me personally, I think it was great because I got to talk with the professors often and would go to their office hours often as well. So I think that’s very important to think about when you’re applying to college,” Jesus said.

Dylan attends American University as an international relations major and ROTC Air Force cadet.

“I’m sure you’ve all heard this a million times, but communicate! If you can, communicate with your roommate,” Dylan said.

“If not, communicate with the administration and the housing people. Keep doing it, and ask for help. Find ways to communicate no matter how out-of-the-box it can be.”

When asked how Laguna helped prepare him for college, Lucas, attending the University of Pennsylvania and majoring in biology in the premed track, shared how Laguna helped elevate his writing abilities.

“One of my biggest strengths was my writing abilities. Most colleges make you take a mandatory writing class, and the writing here really preps you for writing in college,” Lucas said. “I also think being able to advocate for yourself such as talking in lectures or talking to your professors is something you really learn at Laguna.”

Lucia, attending the University of California Berkeley and majoring in political science, shared her thoughts on what extra-

curricular activities one should focus on in high school.

“To me, the activities you spend your time on matter, but not necessarily for getting into college. For me what happened was I did all these activities in high school and I don’t know if it necessarily impacted my college acceptance,” Lucia said. “But after getting into college when you apply for job positions, internships, etc. It’s really important you have past experience and that you know you are capable of doing certain tasks.”

Owen, majoring in behavioral economics and art at Carnegie Mellon University, speaks about his college application process while applying for financial aid.

“As for the actual college choosing process, financial aid was a component for me.

‘Demonstrated financial need’ is whatever the college wants it to be sometimes. I think it’s best that if you think you’re gonna need financial aid, you should also apply for outside scholarships,” Owen said. “If I had started that earlier and done more, it would have been a lot easier.”

Natalie, who currently attends Southern Methodist University and is majoring in sports management, shares how her involvement in high school sports influenced her choice of major.

“In high school, I didn’t do many academics, but I did do a lot of sports. I have now catered my college experience to club sports and going to sports games with my friends,” said Natalie. “It makes the transition easier by doing things that you know from your past and bringing them into your new college life,” Natalie said.

Students enjoyed listening and learning from these alumni, and we are excited to see where their educational journey will take them.

College counselors Lalitha Otterness (left) and Colleen Murray (right) welcome back alumni Jesus Arriaga, Natalie Bianchi, Lucia Camp, Jayla Provance, Lucas Acosta, Alexia Acosta, Owen Noble, Griffin Rick, and Dylan Charney.

10 • NEWS

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SDLC : Celebrating Diversity Students travel to Denver, Colorado to attend the historic Student Diversity Leadership Conference (SDLC).

COMMENTARY by GUEST WRITER MILTON LOPEZ PLASCENCIA PHOTO by DAISY ALTAMIRANO

W

hat comes to mind when you think of DEI? Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion. Most people think, ‘treat everyone equally.’

Although this is true to a certain extent, we should treat everyone equally by the law; not everything needs to be the same for everyone, which is what SDLC has taught me.

I recall hearing Sekou Andrew’s talk about being yourself. Let yourself be heard. Don’t assimilate to the norms.

Act like a kid at the water park trying to get their mother’s attention. “Splash splash.” That was the motto for the Student Diversity Leadership Conference (SDLC) this year.

At first, opening up about my life experiences to other people was difficult. I did not want to separate from my group of people from Laguna Blanca.

I was scared to have other people hear me. Then I realized that that’s what I was there for: To open up about experiences that I have kept locked up inside my mind.

I was finally able to express myself.

The first day had the Silent Movement.

The Silent Movement was a moment to identify yourself with multiple identifiers.

Once someone heard their identifier, they would stand up, and the head of thefourthestate.net

From left to right: Kevin Lu ‘28, Milton Lopez Plascencia ‘25, Monica Paredes Villegas ‘25, and Nayeli Castrejon-Peralta ‘25.

SDLC, Rodney Glasgow, direct us to, “Look who is identifying in this way.

Look who is not identifying in this way.”

He would then ask a question. “What does freedom mean for these people?”

I recall finally feeling safe to stand up for a specific identifier, which I was hesitant to identify with before this Silent Movement.

We then moved on to Family Groups, which covered different topics.

I was placed into the Reflection Group, where we were asked to reflect in journals about our life experiences and then share with the class if we were comfortable.

Although each family group was different, they were all about expressing your lived experiences in a safe and shared space.

My favorite part, however, was affinity groups. In affinity groups, students who identified in the same or similar way got together to share experiences about that specific identity, like culture, prejudices, flaws, politics, etc.

Affinity groups included, but were not limited to, Latiné, Asian, Middle East, LGBTQ, Mixed Race, etc.

I attended the Latiné affinity group, where we talked about the machismo

that runs among men in Latino households, as well as how the outcome of the recent US elections can affect most of our community.

At both of these events, I met some of the people I most identified with, Lara Davila, who shared very similar experiences to my experience being from a Latino community.

Freshman Kevin Lu recalls his experiences in both affinity and family groups.

“I think SDLC is that place where people can truly be themselves, and there are also people that have the same experience/mind/ethnicity as me, which allowed me to fully exchange ideas without thinking about others may not understand your situation.”

It was a place where all of us could be ourselves in a safe, but unfiltered space.

We were happy.

Laguna Blanca DEI Director Ursula Chan shared her favorite part of the conference.

“You know what was the best part for me? When I would pick you up, you all would share how happy you were, what a fun day you had, what great connections you made, and how comfortable you felt.”

NEWS • 11

12 • FEATURE

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Quarter of a Century

In the first 25 years of the third millennium, the world has advanced rapidly, but is it all progress?

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COMMENTARY & ART by NICCOLO D’AGRUMA

ilms, books, songs, and art often portray the 21st century as the age when science fiction becomes reality.

Humanity’s problems are depicted as relics of the past, replaced by flying cars, futuristic cities, moon and Mars colonies, and robotic automation in every aspect of life.

While the world hasn’t reached those heights, technology is bringing people closer to those dreams than many realize.

“One of the biggest accomplishments of the past 25 years is the invention of the iPhone—and mobile phones in general—for better or worse. Phones have enabled immediate access to a wealth of resources and knowledge and contain more computing power than the technology that got humans to the moon,” junior Brandon Fuladi said.

Over the past five years, advancements in hardware and software have fueled AI breakthroughs, with progress accelerating at an exponential rate. thefourthestate.net

However, the AI boom comes with significant costs. In some cases, AI models rely on training data sourced from stolen intellectual property.

Meanwhile, the private sector has revolutionized aeronautics research, commercial rockets, and space exploration.

“One of the biggest accomplishments of the past 25 years is the invention of the iPhone — and mobile phones in general—for better or worse.”

-Brandon Fuladi “Private companies make advancements faster than the government because they have more resources and can focus on specific goals, while the government faces more red tape,” freshman Matthew Sullivan said.

On Earth, megaprojects like the Burj

Khalifa and the Las Vegas’s Sphere have transformed skylines worldwide. Yet, these futuristic developments often lack climate and traffic efficiency.

“The most efficient way to build is medium density, with low-rise, mixeduse buildings that minimize travel distances and carbon emissions,” junior Robie Polos said.

In infrastructure, large-scale projects are paving the way for future generations.

For example, California’s High-Speed Rail project has already contributed $13.7 billion to the economy through its construction alone, with even greater economic and quality-of-life benefits anticipated once it’s operational.

As technology continues to advance, society must reflect on its impact on the human experience.

While innovation should enhance and save lives, it often replaces human functions, fosters addiction, and creates over-reliance—frequently prioritizing profit over people.

FEATURE • 13

Senior Dog Day Seniors bring their furry friends to school for a day

14 • FEATURE

thefourthestate.net

What was it like growing up in a family of 17 children?

Well, I think the most memorable times were when we had dinner; of course, the children weren’t born all at once, but you know, there were times when 13 or 14 of us were at home. There were benches around a very long dinner table, and my mother would cook very large pots of spaghetti or beans with hot dogs, things like that

33 Years with

Dan Ary

When I was in high school, I was very good at math, but I didn’t really put too much of my interest in other things... surprisingly enough, now [writing] is pretty much all I do. And if someone were to ask me, “What’s the most important skill in life?,” I wouldn’t say mathematics. I would say, “Learn how to communicate with the written word.”

What did you do for fun?

Did you get along well with your siblings?

[With] some I did: there were groups of five, so I know all the people that are older because I am the fifth oldest. I didn’t get along with a lot of the younger [sic] kids...like the 10th, 11th and 12th child. And that led to some interesting litigation: I was chosen to be the trustee of our family’s Trust.

Do you notice any stark changes in the education system as a whole?

Dan Ary , one of 17 children, had a unique childhood that influenced much of his later life as a director at General Research Corporation and as a math instructor at Laguna Blanca for over 30 years.

WORDS by JACK GRUBE PHOTO COURTESY of DAN ARY

Why were you put in charge of the Trust?

Because I had an education...and I also was my grandmother’s favorite grandchild...which was really special...I remember having more conversations with her than I did with my mother.

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I think I was probably 10…my father would come home from his work—he worked at a shop in Torrance, I believe, that created parts for rockets and airplanes—and he would come home with the blueprints and ask [sic] how certain distances should be measured...and we would do the geometry together.

What kind of a student were you?

Would you say you were very fastidious?

You felt very much part of a large, large group. You also didn’t get a lot of individual attention. [In my whole life], I think I remember [talking] to my mother for more than 20 minutes twice... when I was growing up. I think because I still remember when she took me to go see a movie. And I remember the name of the movie. It was a Doris Day film called “The Pajama Game.” And I remember that she bought me a vanilla ice cream with a chocolate coating and a coke. And that was [the one time].

We would play very large games, you know, I mean you don’t remember very much that you do when you’re that age, but what I do remember is we used to have rock fights sometimes…and that was pretty crazy.

How did you get interested in mathematics?

We are more concerned now with how, as a student, you are doing emotionally…I remember the time when I was in college and one of my professors was handing out exams that he had given… he would always hand the exams out: best exam first, worst exam last; and then he would call the students to come up to the front of the classroom to pick up the exam…one time he held up the last paper and called the young man’s name who walked up to the front of the class. And as he was walking up, the professor announced, “I gave the test to the monkey, and the monkey did better than this.” I was completely shocked… now that would never happen. So things have changed considerably in that respect.

How long do you plan on teaching at Laguna?

SCAN to read Full article!

I plan to teach as long as I can because I can’t imagine sitting at home and trying to entertain myself by just reading or watching the television.

FEATURE • 15

JJ Stone ‘26

Enzo Jacobsen ‘25

Q: Where did you spend your break?

A: I went to Oahu, Hawaii, and to Las Vegas to see a concert at The Sphere. I saw Anyma, which was EDM music.

Q: What did you do over break?

A: In town, I dirt biked, and focused on music over winter break. I am in multiple bands, including my main project, Misanthrope, my punk band, War Tomorrow, and my other death metal band, Chewed to Stubs.

Q: What activities did you do?

A: In Hawaii I spent my time relaxing a lot. We did a cool snorkeling activity to see fish and went on a Moana-like catamaran JJ lounging on Oahu sands. boat which was fun.

Q: What would you advise for other travelers to try?

A: I’d for sure say to get in the water and see as many fish as you can, or definitely try Hawaiian food—like taro, which we don’t really have here, but it’s a root that they can mash up and add stuff to it.

Q: How long have you been dirt biking?

A: I got on a bike when I was about 3 years old, but I did not begin riding seriously until I was 12 years old. Since then, I have consistently ridden as much as possible.

Q: What are the biggest pros and cons of being a dirtbike rider?

A: Obviously, the main con of the sport is injury. I have gotten lucky to have been relatively safe as I ride (the only serious injury I have sustained was 5 broken ribs about 4 years ago), but injury is inevitable in the sport.

Enzo biking in Santa Ynez.

Winter Break Recap WORDS by JULES LECLERCQ & MILLA HIRSH

Winter break offers students a chance to recharge, explore, and dive into their favorite hobbies, from surfing to snowboarding. Whether they stayed local or ventured far from home, everyone found creative ways to make the most of their time off.

Brady exploring cenotes in Mexico.

Brady Clifford ‘26 Q: Where did you spend your break?

A: I did a good amount of surfing locally, and I also went on a trip to Mexico with my friend William. We travelled to Mexico City and Playa del Carmen, which is close to Cancun on the Caribbean Side.

Q: Where are your favorite surf spots?

A: My favorite surf spots would have to be Rincon, I really like this local spot called Tarpits which is a beach break, and C Street Ventura.

Q: What activities did you do in Mexico?

A: I went jetskiing, snorkeling, explored some cenotes—which are caves filled with water, I ate a lot of good food (lots of tacos), and we did a lot of hikes and exploring. We also went to museums and saw Frida Photo by Liam Knezevic Kahlo’s house.

Brady shredding the waves at Rincon.

A

Ashton - Jackson Hole & Mammoth

Sydney - Breckenridge, Colorado

Q: What was your mostmemorable moment?

A: My most memorable moment was misjudging the speed for a backflip and over-rotating and landing on my back at the bottom of the landing.

Q: What was your mostmemorable moment?

A: I would say just Finlay does a backflip off-piste. skiing with my older brother for most of the trip, he would make me go on crazy hard runs and I would be scared, but I did them and they were fun.

Q: What do you prefer Skiing or Snowboarding Ashton and friends at Unbound lfit. A: I personally prefer skiing because it offers more versatility and because my dad was a big skier Q: How long have you been skiing/snowboarding A: . The first time I went skiing was when I was 1 in my dad’s backpack, but the first time I actually had my own skis was at 2.

Q: What is your Apres Ski ritual?

A: My apres ski ritual is to hang out with my friends and wander the village.

Q: Gloves or Mittens?

A: I prefer mittens because they are warmer.

Finlay - Lake Tahoe

Ashton after a fall in the trees.

Q: What was your mostmemorable moment?

Q: What kind of music do you listen to on the slopes?

A: Yes, I have an airpod in usually.

My playlist is usually a mix of throwbacks and house/EDM. Q: How long have you been skiing/snowboarding A: I’ve been skiing since I was three or four because I did ski school when I was little and then after a couple of yearWs I would just go off and ski with my parents and my brothers.

Q: Thoughts on Skiers vs Snowboarders?

A: [Snowboarders] go so fast and are so reckless... I’ve almost gotten hit by a snowboarders so many different times.

Sydney and her brother pose for selfie.

A: My most memorable moment was having to hike up the entire backside of the mountain [through a blizzard] after getting stuck at the bottom because the chairlift broke down. It took a while but was much better than being stuck on the chairlift for two hours.

Q: What kind of music do you listen to on the slopes?

A: . Yes I love listening to music on the slopes it depends on the mood but I’ll listen to everything from Drake and Future to Daft Punk and Empire of the Sun. Q: How long have you been skiing/snowboarding A: . I’ve been in the snow my whole life but I skied for 7 years and switched to snowboarding about 5 years ago.

Q: What is your Apres Ski ritual?

A:My aprés ski ritual is going home making a hot chocolate and then relaxing in the hot tub for the next couple of hours to rejuvenate for the next day.

Finlay laying back in Lake Tahoe.

WORDS by KATJA BROOMBERG GRAPHICS by KATJA BROOMBERG & DIONNE PETERSON

Every year, people worldwide create a list of goals they hope to commit themselves to in the new year.

Freshman Brooke Steel, sophomore Maritza Barrera, junior Alex McClintock, and senior Jared Sorenson are a few of our students that are ready for a joyous and successful year to come.

Brooke Steel

Q: What are your New Year’s Resolutions?

A: I want to be cleaner and more organized in terms of school and at home in my room and workspace. I think it’ll help me more because my backpack, folders, and other stuff get quite messy, and it’s hard to sort out everything. I also want to try to exercise more. I do a lot of sports, but I don’t go to the gym or have a designated time every day to exercise. Then I also want to try and just do better at school every year, … eat better, and drink more water.

Q: How did you come up with this New Year’s Resolution?

Alex McClintock

Q: What are your New Year’s Resolutions?

A: I only have one New Year’s resolution, and that’s to be more consistent generally in my life. A lot of the time, I feel like I don’t have time to do the things I want or I procrastinate and lose track of time and do things that aren’t really important. But I want to stay consistent with the things that actually matter and do those things with more focus and intent, rather than going and doing things that don’t really matter in the grand scheme of things.

Q: How did you come up with this New Year’s Resolution?

A: I thought about some of the stuff in my life that I’m not doing the best at or that I want to get better at, and all of my friends and family are good motivations.

Q: How do you think this resolution will help you in the coming year?

A: I think it’s a good way to relieve stress, so I think it’s also something smart. … And I think that each individual thing will make me happier and more engaged with people. [They will] just make me feel better because there’s no harm that can come from eating better, exercising, and being more organized. I think overall, it’ll just make me less stressed.

A: Well I think it’s important [to stay consistent] because I have a lot of goals and if I’m not consistent with the work and effort I’m putting in, then a lot of these goals won’t go anywhere. So in order to become my true and better self, I have to stay consistent with a lot of the things that I want to work on.

Q: How do you think this resolution will help you in the coming year?

A: I think being consistent will help me in the future because it’ll give me more discipline. It’ll help so that I don’t need motivation to do things, because while motivation is good to get you started on something, it’s discipline that keeps you going.

Q: What are your New Year’s Resolutions?

A: Definitely to keep myself motivated and stay positive. I think to also do all my homework before I go on my phone. … And then to drink more water and participate more in class.

Q: How did you come up with this New Year’s Resolution?

A: Mainly because I haven’t been doing them — I have not been drinking enough water and I’ve also been going on my phone before doing my homework, which has led to procrastination.

Q: How do you think these resolutions will help you in the coming year?

Q: What are your New Year’s Resolutions?

A: I think just to be more organized so that way I can maximize my time off of school. I think that’s always a goal of mine.

Q: How did you come up with this New Year’s Resolution?

A: I think it’s just been on my mind a lot recently, especially with college applications. I’ve realized that I actually have a lot more time than I think I do sometimes and that I just really need to be maximizing that time as best as I can.

Q: How do you think this resolution will help you in the coming year?

Martiza Barrera

A: Well I know negativity can really bring you down, and I think if you stay positive, there’s so many things you can avoid. I also think making sure you stay positive around others, too, is a big one.

Jared Sorenson

A: I think it’ll just help me be more relaxed. It’s weird — being more organized — because you think it’s more stressful, but I think there’s a burden lifted off of your life when you can understand what you need to do.

No Room for Error The college admissions process has become more complex, with a focus on depth in extracurriculars and the return of standardized testing, adding stress for students.

Despite these challenges, students are encouraged to approach the journey with curiosity and confidence, embracing growth along the way.

T

he college admissions process has changed a lot over the years, and today, it’s more complicated and demanding than ever.

Digital applications are taking over, colleges are shifting what they prioritize in extracurriculars, and expectations are constantly evolving, the process feels more overwhelming and challenging to navigate for students.

One major shift has been from prioritizing well-rounded students to those with a more specialized focus.

“Back at the beginning of my career, there was a lot of focus on becoming a well-rounded student, showing involvement in many things. Now colleges appreciate students who show depth in one or two activities where they’ve made a difference in their community,” Senior College Counselor Colleen Murray said.

She continued to explain that colleges today are looking for students with a clear passion or unique expertise, valuing quality over quantity regarding extracurricular involvement. A student deeply committed to soccer and excelling in art, for instance, may stand out more than someone who joins a bunch of clubs but only participates superficially.

However, deep commitment can come with added stress and pressure.

“You used to be able just kind of to be a kid. You didn’t have to be so worried about awards and certificates,” Associate College Counselor Lalitha Otterness said.

Students find it hard to balance multiple different things in depth.

thefourthestate.net

WORDS by ELLA WICKMAN ART by DIONNE PETERSON “It can be so hard to balance your time between sports, SAT, and school,” junior Lila Foster said.

Parents are also taking on a much more active role in the college admissions process than ever before.

They’re not just advocates for their children but also partners in helping them navigate the complexities of it all.

“Parents want to educate themselves to better support their students, which is great,” Otterness said. “It’s important for parents to participate in this process because there is just so much to do, and it has changed so dramatically, even from when they applied to now.”

Standardized testing is another area where college applications have modernized.

While many colleges moved away from requiring SAT and ACT scores during

the pandemic, this trend is reversing.

“More institutions, including Ivy Leagues and schools like Georgetown and Purdue, are starting to require these scores again,” Murray said.

For students, this means standardized testing still plays a significant role in many admissions decisions. Laguna counselors suggest taking at least one SAT or ACT by the spring of their junior year.

With the return of testing requirements, the process has become even more stressful and demanding.

An additional area where college counselors observe stress is social media.

While they see it as both a blessing and a curse in the college admissions process, it has changed the college application process in many ways. It is a helpful tool and allows students to explore campuses and gather information without leaving home.

“Students can visit colleges on their lunch break without flying across the country,” Murray said.

However, abundant unfiltered opinions and anecdotes on platforms like TikTok can create unnecessary stress.

“There’s a lot of chatter, and students sometimes hear horror stories that may not even apply to them. It’s important to take that with a grain of salt,” Murray said.

As Laguna students approach the next chapter of their lives, they’re encouraged to embrace the journey with curiosity and confidence. The road to college may be complex, but with the right resources and mindset, it can also be a time of growth and self-discovery.

FEATURE • 19

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20 • FEATURE

thefourthestate.net

m

editorial stance of the staff “

The only constant is change,” said the ancient Greek philosopher Heraclitus, and over the 2,500 years since, his words have proven time and again to be true.

When the staff chose the theme for this issue, Counting Change, we had several ideas in mind.

In a literal sense, we thought of coins—how the use of physical change is dwindling with the decline of pennies and the rise of cryptocurrency.

To explore this shift, check out junior Bennett Sullivan’s piece, “Minting Millionaires: The Surge of Stocks and Crypto,” which delves into how U.S. stocks and cryptocurrencies have soared to record highs over the past year.

We live in a world in which we are more interconnected. Developments in technology including wide spread internet access, smartphones, and social media have altered communication and information sharing.

Our world has advanced and changed rapidly. Junior Niccolo D’Agruma questions if all our progress is good in his “Quarter of a Century” article.

We also thought about the personal changes happening around us: freshmen navigating their first year of high school, seniors finalizing college applications, and preparing for one of the biggest transitions of their lives.

Seniors face an ever changing college application process, that has become more complex, with a focus on depth in extracurriculars and the return of standardized testing, adding stress for students which junior Ella Wickman examines in her arti-

thefourthestate.net

cle, “No Room for Error.”

On a broader scale, we considered the arrival of a new president and the world entering the second quarter of the 21st century.

But over the past two weeks, the unpredictable nature of change has hit closer to home.

Our beloved state of California has once again been ravaged by devastating wildfires, burning tens of thousands of acres in a matter of days.

These fires will inevitably reshape California’s future, challenging us not only to rebuild but also to take steps to prevent such disasters from becoming more frequent.

While debate continues over specific causes, the broader consensus is clear: the climate is changing rapidly, contributing to an increase in natural disasters, including wildfires.

Our hearts go out to the friends, families, and neighbors in Los Angeles who have lost their homes—or worse—fleeing in the dead of night.

Teenagers just like us, living just a few hours away, have seen their lives uprooted in an instant.

As we remember our own experience fleeing the Thomas Fire seven years ago, we can empathize with their pain and imagine the devastation on such a larger scale.

The climate, the economy, politics, technology, art, and even our childhoods are all shifting around us—slowly but inexorably.

And suddenly, it’s 2025. We’re growing up, and the world we know is changing right before our eyes.

OPINION • 21

Children’s reading levels declined; the internet is unstoppable; do people still read?

WORDS & PHOTO by MILLA HIRSCH

W

orst case scenario: the power goes out. You can’t use any electronics; do you dare pick up the book on your nightstand?

For some, reading is a go-to, not a last resort.

“I often try to read in my own time, typically, when I have little homework, I will try to read a book a day,” senior Eloise Lowther said.

According to the National Literary Trust, just one in three children and young people aged eight to 18 said that they enjoyed reading in their free time in 2024, whereas two in three enjoyed reading as of 2016.

In a digitally driven society, reading is falling to the back-burner.

“It’s social media again. It’s consumer culture. It’s instant gratification. Reading takes time and I think technology has interrupted people’s willingness to take the time and space that reading requires,” English Department Chair Victoria Dryden said.

While books were once the most important method of communicating news and stories, social media, pod-

22 • OPINION

casts, and videos now provide a much quicker and accessible supply of news.

This doesn’t mean that physical pieces of writing are obsolete, right? We’d hope not, especially for The Fourth Estate’s sake…

Still, there is nothing quite like curling up with a good old-fashioned book.

“I think that you can really dive into someone’s experience through literature. There are a lot of books out there that share different experiences in terms of culture, and you’re able to immerse yourself in those and see from their perspective. I know that movies and other sources can expose you to that, but I think reading in a way is more powerful,” senior Sofia Ramirez said.

Practicing reading throughout a child’s education is crucial for developing lifelong abilities, comprehensions, and creative mindsets.

“I feel that reading is the ultimate form of enrichment and self-enlightenment; there is nothing, no other long or short form entertainment, that can replace what reading does for one’s brain. I notice reading brings my mood

up, and makes me happier and more motivated. Reading has also greatly expanded my vocabulary,” Eloise said.

California students from third grade to eight grade saw a decline in meeting learning standards for reading in 2023, with 46.7% meeting standards, almost a 1% decrease from 2022.

“If a student is assigned too much reading, it becomes a burden. If students only read books they don’t like or don’t enjoy or can’t connect with, the joy of reading is compromised.

When reading becomes a burden, the joy evaporates. Online learning isolated students. Honestly, it’s hard to teach without connection,” Dryden said.

The decline in reading ability is highly attributed to the crucial in-person school lost during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Today, reading for fun is less common not only for children, but also for adults. Only 43% of American adults read at least one work of literature each year, according to Kumon.

According to The Guardian, children who read in their free time at least once a month said that it helps them to relax (56.6%), learn new things (50.9%), understand the views of others (32.8%) and learn about other cultures (32.4%).

“Reading on my own time is an absolute favorite pastime of mine. It is my entertainment and my teacher,” Eloise said.

Intrinsic motivation is crucial to develop during childhood to establish a life-long love of reading.

“I think that it’s a lot harder for me to read books assigned at school compared to books I choose to read on my own,” Sofia said.

Whether inside the classroom or outside, reading should be encouraged now more than ever before, and the teaching of strong literary skills should be a priority.

“AI cannot teach someone how to hope or to dream or to deal with sorrow or to be compassionate or forgiving or self-reflective,” Dryden said.

“It cannot help us to connect with each other and live ethical lives. It cannot teach us to understand on a deeper level. Books provoke thought,” Dryden said. thefourthestate.net

Aging Across the World Why has growing old become such a common fear among Americans?

WORDS by LULU SIMPSON ART by DIONNE PETERSON

I

n the last 20 years, beauty brands and large corporations have begun pushing products that inspire the fear of growing old.

Adolescent-centric beauty standards, such as flawless skin and slender body types, are becoming the norm, significantly impacting society’s perception of aging.

According to the National Library of Medicine, almost four million cosmetic surgery patients were under 39 years old.

Social media platforms continue advertising these surgeries to maintain a youthful appearance.

Plastic surgery and social media platforms have impacted beauty standards, which are growing more and more prevalent every day.

Cosmetic brands create unrealistic expectations through filters and editing tools, accelerating the cycle of beauty trends and exposing users to a constant stream of unachievable ideals.

However, attitudes and practices around aging vary widely across cultures, and these positive perspectives can significantly influence an individual’s experience of growing older.

In many cultures, elders are highly respected for their wisdom and insights, granting them a social status that younger people have yet to attain.

In Latin American countries, family ties, self-acceptance, and multi-generational living are some of the most important cultural values.

“Old people in Cuba are treated with respect regarding how you

address them. They have many benefits socially,” said upper school Spanish instructor Odalmis Molina, born and raised there.

America has a very work-oriented culture, with the average retirement age between 65 and 67 years old.

In China, however, a woman can retire at 55, and a man can retire at 60.

Once the pressure of working lifts, older adults can enjoy life without the fear of judgment—with nothing left to lose.

“You finally feel like you are who you were supposed to be, you finally stop caring what other people think about you, and you finally realize that the only person who needs to love you un-

conditionally and radically is you,” said Heidi Clements, a social media content creator with over 900,000 TikTok followers.

Heidi uses her platform to show others that it is always okay to embrace aging—that aging is something uniquely beautiful.

In a world where most beauty standards seem unattainable, Heidi Clements’ message offers a refreshing perspective on aging.

By using her platform to advocate for self-love and self-acceptance, she encourages others to embrace the natural aging process.

While society tends to focus on the loss of youthful looks and abilities, aging also brings valuable benefits.

According to AllCare Health, many older adults maintain a positive mood despite the inevitable losses associated with normal aging.

International perceptions show that when aging, rather than mourning lost youth, the wisest of people find joy in the unique qualities that come with growing older, including the ability to guide and inspire younger generations.

“I wish that young people realized that we weren’t born old. This is our first time here, too.And when you see somebody who’s 50, 60, 70, even 80 years old, know that they still have the 18-year-olds in them that they once were. They’re not any different than you are,” Clements said.

By recognizing and respecting diverse worldwide views on aging, societies worldwide can create more inclusive environments that value the contributions of older adults and promote unconditional love, regardless of age.

OPINION • 23

The Rise of Counterfeit

From handbags to hats, knockoff items hit the shelves and are here to stay.

PAGE by HALI WIGHT

A

n $8,000 Hermès bag can be replicated for less than $200— and the differences between the

original and the counterfeit are often almost undetectable to the naked eye.

Now more than ever, keeping up with trends is closely tied to social status. As a result, many customers choose the less expensive counterfeit option, even when it may be morally questionable.

They save money, achieve the desired style, and stay in sync with constantly shifting fashion trends.

Purchasing counterfeit items can boost confidence and provide a sense of connection to others who own designer goods.

By definition, counterfeit products are “exact imitations of something valuable,” such as handbags, jewelry, or clothing. These products have existed for decades but are now experiencing a significant boom.

What was once considered taboo— buying fake bags and watches—has become more socially acceptable.

“I just don’t know why people would need to buy fake designer items. Is it to impress others?” asked freshman Anya Taylor.

According to the Department of Commerce, a survey conducted by Michigan State University found that seven out of ten people have been deceived into purchasing counterfeit products.

This often happens due to a lack of awareness about fake items or the allure of cheap prices that lead consumers to overlook potential repercussions.

Advancements in factory technology have made it possible to create nearly identical

24 • OPINION

replicas of designer goods.

This raises significant controversy over the ethics and consequences of counterfeit items.

While some argue that fake products offer an affordable alternative to unattainable luxury, others condemn their impact on the economy and creative industries.

Counterfeits have been linked to criminal activity, including gang violence, and they undermine the original“It’s definitely a divided subject. I reity and hard work of designers. ally think it depends on people’s living “I disagree with fake products be- situations,” Anya said. cause they are stolen ideas,” freshman The production of counterfeit goods Kevin Lu said. may not end anytime soon, but buyers An Los Angeles prosecutor noted, should consider the ethical implications “Few people realize that the money a before making a purchase. consumer pays for a counterfeit prodCounterfeit items, while tempting, uct may well be financing even more steal years of effort from designers and criminal activities—like street gangs.” contribute to broader societal issues.

On the other hand, many people cannot afford luxury handbags, jewelry, watches, and clothing—or simply don’t want to pay exorbitant prices.

With rising costs, like Chanel’s 8.3% price increase for their small classic flap bag in March 2024, counterfeit items can feel like the only option for some consumers.

Does this practice harm major companies like Louis Vuitton or Chanel?

“No, I don’t think so, especially if the companies are big,” freshman Coco Rautiola said.

Despite the controversy, knockoff production continues to thrive. While manufacturers profit from counterfeit products, consumers remain eager to buy them.

However, it’s important to educate oneself and others about the consequences of purchasing fake items — both ethical and An array of counterfeit goods for sale in a booth on Santee Alley practical and to act ethically. in Los Angeles. thefourthestate.net

The “Gift” of Education

Being the smartest at a young age can be a burden instead of a blessing.

“

WORDS & GRAPHIC by DIONNE PETERSON

The brightest flame burns the fastest,” and, like many formerly gifted individuals, this coined saying has become a startling reality.

This phenomenon—the “gifted child burnout”—is the under-discussed term referring to the academic burnout of generations of “gifted” children.

For gifted children who were once praised for their academic achievements, many begin to question their now “insufficient” intelligence once reaching a higher level of academia, such as the burdening course load of high school.

“I internalized this mindset that school should feel as easy as it did back in elementary school, which led to burnout,” senior Nayeli Castrejon-Peralta said.

The mindset that Nayeli attributes to this burnout is to a program offered at primary schools across California.

Although once offered across every California primary school, the program is now only offered in select elementarily schools if local districts approve of its implementation.

Washington Elementary, where Nayeli attended, offered a program, called “Gifted & Talented Education,” also known as the “GATE” program.

The goal of this program is “to meet the needs of those students who demonstrate exceptional intellectual capability and have been identified as gifted and/or greatly exceed grade level expectations” (SB Unified).

In order to be eligible for the “GATE” program, students first complete a diagnostic test that assesses reading, comprehension, math skills, and problem-solving skills through puzzle work.

The test examines the child’s ability to think convergently, divergently, and creatively.

“I remember being pulled out of class in little clusters for us to be taught thefourthestate.net

in a smaller group setting. We supposedly received a slightly more advanced curriculum, but I can’t attest to how true that is,” Nayeli said.

Although the mission of the program is meant to benefit bright students, some individuals develop a perfectionist mentality to achieve the highest marks possible, even at the cost of their mental health.

“I remember being pulled out of class in little clusters for us to be taught in a smaller group setting.”

-Nayeli Castrejon-Peralta The mindset to always perform at full potential is why gifted children can fall into a state of burnout.

“The gifted program claims to help meet student’s academic needs, but, in reality, makes many students or parents expect only the best academic results for the rest of [the student’s] life,” Naye l i said.

Graduated individuals from the program are also attributing the phenomenon to being told that “giftedness” and inherent intelligence were enough to bypass the school system, which leads to procrastination and having to develop a work ethic for academics that once came intrinsically.

“I still procrastinate because I’ve been able to get everything done [in elementary], so therefore I [think I] should be able to continue doing so,” Nayeli said.

Junior Amelia Noble, who began her education at an elementary school with a “GATE” program before transferring to an elementary without one, compares her experiences at both schools.

“The “GATE” program helped in the sense that I was able to challenge myself more, but it also indirectly taught me to equate my self worth with academic achievement,” Amelia said. “However, at Montecito Union there was no explicit gifted program which I found both negative in the sense that I wasn’t able to challenge myself as much, yet I also didn’t feel a disconnect with my peers.”

The message behind the “GATE” program is only to better education and those who are passionate about learning—however, changes can be implemented to create a healthier learning environment.

“I think the GATE program is important for children who have a drive for learning, but I think the program could be reworked,” senior Sofia Ramirez said. “The gifted program should teach students it’s okay to not get an A+ on every test.”

While the GATE’s program intends to power the intelligent minds of young academics, it’s clear the curricula should prioritize fostering healthy study habits in order to prevent this epidemic of “gifted child burnout” from continuing.

OPINION • 25

26 • OPINION

thefourthestate.net

Winter Blues and Daylight Snooze As daylight savings begins and winter’s chill sets in, many experience more than just a seasonal shift. For those with Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), the loss of sunlight triggers deep mood changes and overall well-being.

W

hile the brisk wind blows through the trees, and the clouds darken to a melange gray, the sun eagerly sets at a meager 5 p.m. Although getting warm and bundling up is ideal for some in the comfort of their houses, people experiencing Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) may think otherwise. As most people in the United States set their clocks back one hour as daylight saving time ends, sleep patterns and mood changes can be observed.

Commonly triggered around fall and winter months, SAD is a type of depression that is caused by the chemical change in the brain due to fewer amounts of sunlight and shorter days, leading to symptoms such as sadness, sleepiness, lack of energy, and loss of interest in usual activities.

“In addition to less sunlight, the temperature is also dropping making it hard to do the things we were doing outside in the early morning or evening, such as walking, running, bike riding, etc,” School Counselor Kim Valentine said.

Although not much research has been conducted on the origins of SAD, a study at Johns Hopkins University has linked it to a decrease in melatonin production, which is a sleep-related hormone.

Humans naturally produce melatonin when it’s dark; however, more melatonin is made when the days become shorter and darker earlier, which disrupts regular sleep patterns and moods.

Other factors include the human’s biological clock, known as the circadian rhythm, which regulates the body’s mood, sleep, and hormones; however, a reduced amount of sunlight can alter the body’s internal clock to induce feelings of depression as “the strongest time signal is light in animals” according to

thefourthestate.net

WORDS & ART by JINLING WANG Sara Benjamin, MD at Johns Hopkins.

Due to this chemical imbalance, serotonin levels, which affect happiness, decrease due to the lack of daylight, which regulates it, leading to depression.

A study conducted by a group of Danish researchers found that during the shift from daylight saving to standard time, there was an 11% increase in depressive episodes.

Another factor is Vitamin D levels, produced in your skin when in contact with direct sunlight, that can help boost serotonin activity, which is lower during winter and can increase feelings of SAD. Affecting around 5% of Americans, SAD is observed more in early adulthood, specifically around the ages of 18 to 30, according to Cleveland Clinic.

So, how is SAD treated?

The most common treatment, LED Light Therapy, is a special lamp known as a “lightbox” which is used to simulate sunlight, which can reduce symptoms in about 67% of patients with SAD in a study conducted by the NIH. Other help includes cognitive behav-

ioral therapy (CBT) and vitamin D supplements.

“Winter blues” is a moderate version of SAD that does not require a medical diagnosis, as feelings of mild sadness and a desire to stay home become more prevalent during the colder months.

This affects many students.

“I’m a night owl by nature, so having less daylight and earlier sunsets definitely throws me off. Even though SB doesn’t really have typical “seasons,” when it’s cloudy and cold, I find myself way less motivated to do schoolwork and be productive,” senior Sydney Fisher said.

Often, this causes one to cancel social events, hunker down at home, and pursue activities such as watching TV and baking.

Although it may be hard to find the motivation to do something exciting when it becomes so dark quickly. Some recommended ways to beat the winter blues include taking advantage of the sun when it is out by opening windows or simply going outside for a few minutes.

Allocate enough time for a proper night’s rest might also be difficult due to school, getting 7-9 hours of sleep can improve one’s mood.

Remembering to stay active, even walking for a few minutes a day, can help release endorphins, natural hormones that help lower stress and enhance mood.

Lastly, engaging in any social activity, whether a phone call or hanging out with friends can help. Even if the gloomy months may seem long. “... I try to romanticize the winter and do fun winter activities. I enjoy the yearly wardrobe shift of summer tanks to warm sweaters. I love binge-watching movies like Harry Potter and Twilight,” Sydney said.

OPINION • 27

Favorite Albums of 2024 Students and teachers are excited to see their favorite album of 2024 nominated for Album of the Year in the 2025 Grammys.

Beginning in 1959, the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS) annually awards a single album the Grammy for Album of the Year. Every year, fans argue over the list of nominees as soon as they are released. Some are ecstatic to see their favorite artist on the list, while others are disappointed with the lineup.

Vivienne Jacobsen, Freshman: ‘Hit Me Hard and Soft’ - Billie Eilish Q: Why does this album stand out to you?

A: I think because each song sounds so different and I really like how each of them has a very powerful meaning behind them. And knowing Billie’s other albums, this one is really different.

Q: Were you expecting to like this album as much as you did?

A: I’d say yes. The album was different than I expected, but hearing the snippet songs, I really liked the beat and the rhythm of them.

Q: Are there any albums that you wish were nominated?

A: Model from Wallows.

Ethan Somer, Senior: ‘New Blue Sun’ - André 3000 Q: Why does this album stand out to you?

A: This album is very unique because there are no lyrics, just André 3000 and his flute along with other sounds he puts in. It is in a completely different genre than the other albums.

I think it’s good that the Grammys nominated it because it shows that album of the year isn’t just pop album of the year.

Q: Were you expecting to like this album as much as you did?

A: At first, it wasn’t great to listen to, but it’s really grown on me, and I didn’t expect to like it as much as I do.

Zach Wallace, Music Instructor: ‘Short n’ Sweet’ - Sabrina Carpenter Q: Why does this album stand out to you?

A: I think its diversity between the songs. Every song is so unique and gives reference to a different artist.

Q: Were you expecting to like this album as much as you did?

A: No. Definitely not. I heard “Espresso,” and I thought it was a cool song, but I got a little bit tired of hearing it after the hundredth time. And then I heard “Please Please Please,” and I really liked that song and its instrumentation.

Ursula Chan, Director of DEI: ‘Brat’ - Charli XCX Q: Why does this album stand out to you?

A: It just felt really fun and upbeat, but also talked about personal conflicts within her life.

Q: Were you expecting to like this album as much as you did?

A: Yes, because I’ve been a Charli fan for a while. It surpassed my expectations, but they were already really high.

Q: Are there any albums that you wish were nominated?

A: Maybe Troye [Sivan’s] album.

Camilla Joffrey, Sophomore: ‘The Rise and Fall of a Midwest Princess’ - Chappell Roan Q: Why does this album stand out to you?

A: I think it’s very different because Chappell’s a new artist and that was refreshing. And all of the internet was obsessed with her.

Q: Were you expecting to like this album as much as you did?

A: No, I wasn’t. I think I heard this album for the first time a while before I became obsessed with it.

WORDS by LILLY TRAUTWEIN PHOTOS by LILLY TRAUTWEIN & DIONNE PETERSON

28 • ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT

thefourthestate.net

Retelling the Menendez Story Netflix’s “Monsters: The Lyle and Erik Menendez Story” revisits the infamous 1990s trial, sparking debates on justice, abuse, and shifting societal biases while drawing criticism for its dramatized inaccuracies.

N

WORDS & GRAPHICS by ELLA WICKMAN

etflix dropped its latest installment, “Monsters: The Lyle and Erik Menendez Story,” a true crime series directed by Ryan Murphy.

The series dramatizes the lives of Erik and Lyle Menendez, both convicted in 1996 of the murder of their parents, José and Kitty Menendez, in their Beverly Hills home.

The brothers were accused of murdering their parents for money, but the boys declared it was because of years of physical, emotional, and sexual abuse by their father.

The Menendez case was one of the first trials to be live-streamed on television, making it a media phenomenon in the 1990s. With “Monsters,” Netflix brings a modern lens to a story that has been a controversial event since the late twenty-first century.

The show presents a complex portrayal of the brothers’ claims of years of abuse at the hands of their father and mother.

Social media has exploded in discussions about the brothers, with #MenendezBrothersInjustice trending on TikTok and Instagram.

Younger viewers who never knew about the original case feel sympathy for the brothers, especially Erik, who was only 18 when he committed the crime.

“My whole feed is videos about the Menendez brothers,” junior Peyton Gimbel said.

“So many people I have talked to are watching ‘Monsters.’”

“Monsters” is not without its flaws. Critics noted several factual inaccuracies and dramatizations that may mislead audiences.

For example, some scenes exaggerate details or omit key evidence, potentially skewing perceptions of the case.

While most films take artistic license, it is questionable when real events and people’s lives are involved.

“I was confused my first time watching the show because it went against what I had already learned about the case,” Peyton said. “Adding fictional parts is one thing, but completely changing facts can be dangerous, especially if it influences thefourthestate.net

public opinion.”

The over-dramatizations have also drawn in many more viewers. Due to the debate of whether or not the TV series is accurate, “Monsters” has become one of the most popular TV series right now.

The show does an excellent job of highlighting society’s changing perception of male victims of sexual assault.

In the late 1980s and early ‘90s, this topic wasn’t discussed much. Sexual assault was hidden in the dark, particularly in cases with male victims.

In the case of the Menendez brothers, people highly questioned their abuse allegations because society viewed their family as the “perfect American family”.

People could not imagine that a father from such a perfect family would commit such heinous acts.

However, as we revisit the case in 2024, views on sexual assault have changed dramatically.

The series shows how deep societal biases can shape public opinion and legal outcomes. It also exposes how society views male victims of rape. Recently, it has been realized that men, too, are subjected to abuse—a theme which was taboo in the late years of the 1980s and the early ‘90s.

The series replays the same momentum by proving that these biases have impacts on societally-legal findings.

Nevertheless, “Monsters” put the spotlight back on the Menendez brothers and fired up a justice-abuse-second chance debate.

Social media helped fuel this as younger viewers who weren’t alive when the trial took place joined in on the discussion of the case and called for a reexamination of their convictions.

Recent developments suggest the Menendez brothers’ case may not be as settled as it once seemed. Whispers of a potential retrial are beginning to surface; could this case be on the brink of a legal revival, or will it remain a haunting reminder of a justice system resistant to change?

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT • 29

It’s All Grand and It’s All Green “Wicked” is one of the most beloved musicals in the theater community. What does it take to cinematize this show while maintaining its magic?

WORDS by ADA GREEN ART by OLIVIA SOFRANKO

A

fter 20 years, three Tony awards, over 8,000 Broadway performances, and 63 million global audience members, “Wicked” is one of the most successful stage musicals of all time—after only “The Lion King” and “The Phantom of the Opera”—and an iconic staple among the theater community.

“When you ask any theater kid what one of the first musicals they were introduced to was, I would bet you that “Wicked” is one of those shows,” said “Wicked” fan and senior Eleanor Crafton. “’Wicked’ is known for breaking boundaries.”

“Wicked” is based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Gregory Maguire, which is inspired by Frank Baum’s “The Wizard of Oz.” “Wicked” tells the story of the Wicked Witch of the West, Elphaba Thropp, and Glinda the Good in their early days at school until Dorothy’s departure.

Bringing this legendary musical to the big screen was an enormous and risky endeavor.

Hollywood has released several movie musical adaptations in recent years to mixed reviews.

The idea of cinematizing a musical this beloved left many fans skeptical leading up to the film’s release.

Was it really possible to create a film that could equal the power of the stage musical?

“It’s been at least 20 years since the musical came out, so there was a long time to make sure they got it right. So they put the money in, they took the time, and they nailed the casting,” music instructor and long-time “Wicked” fan Brianne Hwang said. “This is everything I ever wanted in a movie.”

Everything about the film is big—from budget to length, from sets to scores — and it needed to be this big to win the

hearts of millions of “Wicked” fans.

The production team decided to split the film into two parts. “Wicked: Part 1” came to theaters on Nov. 22 and is only the story from the first act of the stage musical, but screenwriters Winnie Holzman and Dana Fox expanded the script, turning one hour of stage musical into a 2:40 minute movie.

“Wicked: Part 2” will be released in November.

The combined budget of the duology was $300 million—not including the $150 million marketing effort for Part 1 alone.

A large piece of that budget went to the extravagant practical sets designed

by Nathan Crowley, who designed other blockbusters like “Interstellar” and “Wonka.”

“If we’re gonna make “Wicked,” it has to be cinematic. We have to show this incredible world. We have to do something the stage show can’t do.

We have to go behind the scenes,” said Crowley.

His designs meant that his team physically built every set—Shiz University, Munchkinland, even the Emerald City. Visual effects enhanced the backgrounds, but nearly everything was real.

For one shot of the movie, Crowley worked with an English farmer to plant 9 million tulips around what would become Munchkinland.

“We wanted Oz to be immersive,” said director John M. Chu. “That sense of detail makes you believe that Oz actually exists.”

“Visually, it was an absolute delight,” Hwang said. “When I finally saw the movie, I felt like it actually represented

how vibrant the music and the score is better than the stage play.”

Another element that the movie expanded upon was the score. Film orchestrator Jeff Atmajian rewrote the Broadway score—which was already relatively large with 23 musicians—for an 80-piece orchestra. “[Director] Jon [M. Chu] told me he wanted it cinematic, so I knew it needed to be full and glorious,” Atmajian said. “It gives me space to add extra counter lines, textures—all these things that are so wonderful to do.”

To honor the musical’s theatricality and integrity, stars Cynthia Erivo (Elphaba) and Ariana Grande (Glinda) chose to sing live throughout the film.

“One of the reasons it was so important to do this live was not only because we’re all theater people who wanted to so badly, but also because of the emotional element,” Grande said.

While all of the songs in the movie are in the Broadway show, the new actors put their own spins on the popular anthems.

“Vocally, I loved the choices that they made for true “Wicked” purists who know every note in their head,” Hwang said. “The little changes that they made were perfect. They didn’t change so much that it felt unrecognizable, but they made it their own totally.”

Erivo and Grande have been fans of the musical since they were teenagers and were thrilled to land their dream roles.

Upon getting cast as Glinda, Grande said, “I love her so much. I’m gonna take such good care of her.”

Erivo and Grande grew up with this musical the way that millions of watchers have, and their love for the story is infectious.

The care for their characters and the friendship the co-stars developed through filming was crucial in maintaining the magical emotion of the musical.

“There’s a palpable energy between Elphaba and Glinda. They clearly love each other as real humans and that shows up in their characters. I was thefourthestate.net

weeping at moments that I did not expect to be weeping at,” Hwang said.

The intense detail, meticulous thought, visual and sonic elegance, and devotion to the story combined to execute the film’s most essential aspects: message and spirit.

At its core, “Wicked” is a story about acceptance and the dangers of ostracizing each other.

Elphaba is shunned throughout the entire story for being green, awkward, powerful, and outspoken.

Because she doesn’t conform to the standard, the citizens of Oz label Elphaba as “wicked” when she takes a stand for a social cause, and they cast her out of society.

““Wicked” is a perfect depiction of what it feels to be ostracized because you are a little different, which is something the theater realm knows all too well,” Eleanor said.

Adapting “Wicked” into a film carries its message to a wider audience—beyond Broadway, beyond theater people.

“Bringing a show like this to the big screen is a massive leap for the acceptance and integration of theater into normal life,” Eleanor said. “Bringing musicals to life in movies makes it much more accessible to the general population who may not think they like theater.”

Creating “Wicked” as a film allows for broader audiences to see it.

“I’m just so glad that everyone gets to see it because Broadway shows are not accessible. They’re ridiculously expensive. They don’t come to small towns.

Everyone gets to see this now, and everyone gets to love it the way we do,” Hwang said.

Hwang, Eleanor, Erivo, Grande, and millions of others have grown up with and loved this musical for years.

Now, it finally reaches a new au-

dience and inspires a new generation to belt “Defying Gravity” at the top of their lungs and discover the story’s unique definition of wickedness.

“The message could not come at a better time. It’s a bit of an energizing force for the good in the world,” Hwang said. “Don’t be afraid to fly around on your broom and scream. Be loudly standing for good.”

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT • 31

From the Aisles

Fresh off the shelf comes Trader Joe’s seasonal favorites of winter!

WORDS by OLIVIA DE PONCE & NATALIE SCHWEITZER PHOTO by KATJA BROOMBERG

Gingerbread Cookies: If you’re intimidated to make gingerbread people on your own, Trader Joe’s has got your back. These mini-frosted cookies are not only adorable but also delicious. With flavors of cinnamon, molasses, and ginger, these cookies are perfectly paired with the winter wake-up tea.

Peppermint Bark: The classic holiday dessert, peppermint bark, is back in stores. TJ’s handcrafted, old-fashioned bark will leave you missing it all year round. Get it before it is sold out because this candy cane, dark chocolate confection, is pure perfection. This cute striped box, donned with green and red, is easy to wrap for the ideal present.

Winter Wake-Up Tea:

Want something to sip by the fire on a chilly winter morning? This black tea blend has a hint of spice with flavors of ginger and cinnamon. To create the perfect tea, steep for 3-5 minutes and enjoy with your favorite mini frosted gingerbread cookies. Found in the tea section, keep your eye out for the tea of the season.

Peppermint Joe Joe’s: An iconic holiday snack, the dark chocolate-covered peppermint Joe Joe’s are back for the season! Packed with creamy peppermint filling and complemented by the crunch of smashed candy canes, these cookies are the ultimate gift for the holidays. It would be a shame not to add these to your cart.

Chocolate Mint Stars: With the sun setting early, TJ’s mini dark chocolate mint stars will light up your night. The crumbly shortbread cookies, infused with a pepperminty flavor and coated in rich dark chocolate, are an idyllic festive treat. Be sure to add these bite-size cookies to your shopping list!

Butter Toffee Pretzels: Looking for the perfect blend of salty and sweet? Trader Joe’s mini salted pretzels sprinkled with buttery toffee are exactly what you are looking for. Found next to our favorite mini mint chocolate stars in the freezer section, do not miss the frosted snowflake bag containing this treat.

thefourthestate.net

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT • 33

Crumbl. The cookie store has changed how we consume, spend our money, and socialize with our friends.

WORDS by OLIVIA DE PONCE & NATALIE SCHWEITZER ART by DIONNE PETERSON

A

fter waiting in line for hours to buy a cookie imported from across the world, customers at a pop-up Crumbl in Australia spent $12, more than twice the amount of an average cookie, all for a trend.

Created in 2017, Crumbl Cookie began in Logan, Utah. With the help of social media and innovative marketing tactics, what started as a small, local business rose to fame and grew to over 1,000 locations in the United States.

Until it arrived in Goleta in 2023, Laguna students had to drive over 45 miles to its closest location in Oxnard.

Like most teenagers in the United States who are excited to become a part of the newest trends, Laguna students traveled as far as they needed to to get a taste of the viral cookies.

However, with Goleta less than 10 miles away from school, more and more pink Crumbl cookie boxes appear around campus during free periods, lunches, and before and after school.

What is it, though, that makes these cookies so appealing, and what is the hype around the trend?

34 • ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT

Unlike other popular cookie brands, Crumbl has made a name for itself with its manipulative marketing tactics. With a new set of eight unique and captivating flavors coming out every Sunday, Crumbl provides followers with a reason to buy cookies every week.

The fast turnaround of flavors leaves consumers with a sense of urgency to buy the cookies of that week before they are gone.

Capitalizing on the modern teenage buyer’s short attention span and impulsivity, Crumbl brings consumers back after their initial purchase with the promise of a new batch of flavors.

Senior Georgette VonYurt, a Crumble regular, said that her favorite part of Crumbl is that they “have different flavors every week. It’s a new variety, so if you didn’t like last week’s cookies, there’s a new chance every week to get something that you might like.”

Though the classic milk chocolate chunk cookie is a recurring flavor every week, most people purchase Crumbl in a five to eight-pack with every flavor of the week to get a bite of the different types, no matter how unconventional they seem.

“I like Crumbl for the different and exciting new flavors,” said freshman and self-proclaimed Crumbl “addict,” Violet d’Offay.

With cookies ranging from basic snickerdoodle and peanut thefourthestate.net

butter to strawberry limeade and key lime pie, influencers quickly jump on social media to comment on the week’s flavors.

Though Crumbl’s own marketing has led to much of its success, social media platforms such as TikTok and Instagram reels have exponentially grown the popularity and hype around the company while simultaneously promoting often wasteful buying and over-consuming habits.

With influencers posting food reviews, students can watch other people review and promote the cookies of the week, making them more inclined to try the flavors for themselves.

Freshman Sierra Finney says social media greatly influenced her interest in Crumbl.

“I think it’s become more popular than last year or so because of social media. Without social media, it is just a cookie store, but with social media, influencers have an effect. I wouldn’t go if I hadn’t seen it on TikTok,” Sierra said.

Not only are social media influencers promoting this company, but celebrities as well.

Grammy award winner Olivia Rodrigo and talk show host Jimmy Kimmel have created their own signature cookies, which were sold for the week in the Crumbl stores.

During the summer, Rodrigo’s “Guts Tour” cookie went viral, with both Crumbl and Rodrigo fans rushing to the stores to try their favorite singer’s cookie.

In November, Kimmel released his cookie of the week, “Holiday Seasoning Candy Cane Brownie,” which was a favorite amongst buyers.

By having celebrity collaborations,

Crumbl can connect with and attract customers in ways smaller corporations can only dream of.

This trend, strengthened by social media, is not just a cookie but an experience.

With the option to purchase a five to twelve-pack box of cookies, the product is designed to share.

Students carpool to C r u m b l during lunch and free periods, ready to split the massive cookies not only with their friends but also with whoever walks by.

Several times a week, the senior quad at Laguna is packed with students trying to get a bite of their friend’s purchase.

“I do not think I’ve ever gone to Crumbl by myself. It is a fun thing to do with my friends,” Georgette said.

Students pack into senior cars at the promise of waiting in line and being a part of the growing Crumbl cult.

So, what is next for this cookie empire?

How do they plan to maintain a continual newness and relevancy in a society so guided by fast consumption and the promise of something better?

Crumbl has already made changes, expanding its menu from cookies to additional pies and cakes.

In the pursuit of staying relevant, though, will they lose their quality and original purpose of providing nostalgic, warm grab-and-go cookies accessible to anyone?

“Without social media, it is just a cookie store, but with social media, influencers have an effect. I wouldn’t go if I hadn’t seen it on TikTok.” - Sierra Finney

thefourthestate.net

Crumbl Facts 8 new cookie flavors weekly Serving size 1/4 cookie Amount per serving

Calories

700 % Daily Value*

Annual Revenue

$ 1,000,000,000

% Social Media Marketing

61%

TikTok Followers

9,600,000,000

Instagram Followers

6,100,000,000

Visits Since 2017

9,100,000,000

Number of Stores in US

1,071

Year Founded 2017 $4-5 Cost per Cookie Employees Worldwide 29,000+ Desserts Sold Daily 1,000,000,00+ Other Information In 2022 they sold on average, nearly 1 million cookies a day (according to NY Times). Crumble is the fourth fastest growing food chain in the US according to a 2022 report datassential. 46 minors were discovered working in Crumbl stores across the US. 60% of people who go to Crumbl are women. Closest Crumbl store to Laguna Blanca is located at 5660 Calle Real, Goleta.

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT • 35

36 • ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT

thefourthestate.net

L’Homme Sous Marine

With swimming’s popularity surging globally, fueled by record-breaking performances from stars like Léon Marchand, the sport is reaching new heights in participation and viewership.

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wimming is making waves on the global stage, captivating audiences and sparking a surge in the sport’s popularity.

Léon Marchand, the French phenom, has changed the definition of success in the pool and broken records.

His performance at the 2024 Paris Olympics, where he won four gold medals and set several new Olympic records, is representative of the sport’s upward course.

“Marchand’s performance is extraordinary,” said Coach Aaron Schelmovitz, a local head swim coach. “What he’s achieved at such a young age inspires swimmers around the world to reach for new heights. He’s changed the conversation about what’s possible in this sport.”

Marchand’s accomplishment fits within a more extensive worldwide pattern. Over the last five years, swimming participation has risen by 15% globally, according to FINA reports.

As more people watch to see amazing sporting achievements, record-breaking crowds are attending events like the Olympics and World Championships.

According to Reuters, the Paris Olympics drew an unprecedented number of viewers to swimming, with some days having nearly double the viewership of the 2020 Olympics.

In the United States, swimming has also seen an uptick, thanks in part to stars like Katie Ledecky and Caeleb Dressel. Their success, alongside Marchand’s, has contributed to a boost in youth interest.

The USA Swimming Foundation reports a 20% rise in youth swimming programs since 2020, attributed to both increased accessibility and the inspiration provided by these elite athletes.

WORDS by BENNETT SULLIVAN ART by DIONNE PETERSON coach in Santa Clarita. “We’re seeing a restored focus on the sport at the college level, and that momentum is likely to carry over to the Olympics.”

While swimming is becoming more popular globally, it remains a deeply personal journey for those who pursue it.

“Swimming has always been a huge part of my life,” said swimmer Benjamin White.”

“Having swim practice every day keeps me grounded, and I’ve made amazing friendships through the sport as well.”

As athletes like Marchand continue to get faster and break records, the future of swimming appears brighter than ever.

From unbelievable performances to inglobal swimming powerhouse, supportcreased participation, the ed by Marchand’s success and seemingsport is inspiring a new ly unstoppable upward path.

“Léon has put French swimming on generation of swimmers the map,” said Coach Mike, a swim worldwide.

Reflecting on the 2024 CIF Swimming Finals, Athletic Director Matt Steinhaus described it as “unlike any level of excitement I’ve ever experienced, primarily because of what the swimmers were doing. I’ve coached a lot, and it was just indescribable.”

Marchand’s impact is highly noticeable in his home country, France.

After his incredible performances, French swim clubs have noticed a surge in membership, with many citing him as a role model for the next generation.

France is now positioning itself as a

“Marchand’s performance is extraordinary, he’s changed the conversation around swimming.”

- Coach Aaron

The Holiday Spirit of America’s Sports As the holiday season comes to a close, we look back the holiday spirit of sports through Thanksgiving NFL games and Christmas Day NBA games.

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WORDS by DAVIS OHANIAN & MASON SIEGEL ART by DIONNE PETERSON

or the past 70 years, with the exclusion of World War II, the NFL has always hosted at least two primetime games on Thanksgiving Day, a well-received tradition that has become a Thanksgiving day staple in many Americans’ homes. In recent years, they have added a third game that rotates, featuring different locations and fan bases across the nation.

This past Thanksgiving, the Detroit Lions hosted the Chicago Bears, the Dallas Cowboys hosted the New York Giants, and the Green Bay Packers hosted the Miami Dolphins. Recently, the NFL added games on Christmas Day. The Texans hosted the Ravens, and the Steelers hosted the Chiefs.

These games set a total audience record with 141 million combined viewers according to Bleacher Report, with each game averaging 34.2 million active viewers at a time.

In a nearly miraculous comeback against the Detroit Lions, rookie quarterback Caleb Williams threw for 222 yards and three touchdowns in the second half before his team ran out of time on their potentially game-winning drive, losing 20-23.

The rookie from USC is the only quarterback who has thrown for more than one passing touchdown against the Lions this season.

But the Lions continue to steal the attention of football fans, with Head Coach Dan Campbell at the forefront of the rebuild.

“I always love watching the Lions with my family, and Campbell has turned the franchise from one of the league’s worst to one of the league’s best. There was a scare at the end, but my Dad and I were happy to see the lions squeak out a win,” said Laguna defensive lineman Carson Stewart.

After the Bears game, the Dallas Cowboys and New York Giants took the field in hopes of rejuvenating their fanbases after poor stars to the year.

Plagued by injuries, the Cowboys' star quarterback Dak Prescott is out for the season, and the Giants started their third-string quarterback after poor play from their starter throughout the year.

With their third consecutive Thanksgiving Day win over the Giants, the Cowboys didn’t disappoint.

“The Dallas Cowboys on Thanksgiving is always my favorite game. It’s tradition, and they always play entertaining games” said senior receiver Ethan Carrington.

With a potent offense and aggressive defense, Dallas forced multiple turnovers and had over three hundred yards

of total offense, winning the game 27 to 20.

In the third, more recently added game, Jordan Love and the Green Bay Packers defeated the Dolphins 30 to 17 at Lambeau Field. Love was very efficient, completing 75% of his passes for nearly 300 yards and two touchdowns.

On the other side of the field, Dolphins quarterback Tua Tagovailoa was just as efficient, completing 37/46 passes for 365 yards. However, most of Tua’s production came after the Packers built up an insurmountable 24-point lead in the fourth quarter.

An event that sought to counter the influence of the NFL, the NBA’s Christmas Day games feature acclaimed superstars and younger players with rising influence in the league. Back in 2012, in order to capitalize on the sport’s growing popularity, Adidas and the NBA agreed to release new cosmetic items on Christmas Day, ranging from custom sneakers to throwback jerseys.

Limited-time releases, these apparel items were some of the highest selling during the holiday season until the NBA signed a deal with Nike. Regardless, these games still garners tens of millions of views from fans.

This past year’s games continued the highly competitive tradition. The New York Knicks hosted the San Antonio Spurs, the Golden State Warriors hosted the Los Angeles Lakers, the Boston Celtics hosted the Philadelphia 76ers, and the Denver Nuggets hosted the Phoenix Suns.

In a high-scoring matchup that featured the league’s premier young talent, reigning Rookie of the Year Victor Wembanyama scored 42 points on an efficient 50% shooting.

Jeremy Sochan, a 3rd-year player out of Baylor University, scored 21 points on 80% shooting, but the Spurs weren’t able to overcome the offensive firepower of the Knicks.

Mikal Bridges, Jalen Brunson, and Karl-Anthony Towns combined for 82 points, leading the Knicks to a 117-114 victory over San Antonio.

“I gotta be an example on defense and more a playmaker on offense...

the best players, for me, are the ones who make their teammates better,” said Wembanyama.

On the other side of the country in San Francisco, Stephen Curry’s Warriors took on LeBron’s Lakers. For the past ten years, the two have regularly clashed in the NBA Finals, and both are regarded by media pundits as some of the best to ever play the game of basketball.

“I’ll never forget the Steph Curry jersey I received on Christmas day in 2016. Sadly, the Warriors did lose, but it was an exciting game, and I will remember watching it with my family forever,” said Carson.

Despite Curry's efficient performance, LeBron and his teammates proved to be too much. With 5 Lakers players in double figures, the Lakers squeaked out a 2 point road win.

“It has always been an exciting matchup to watch through the years. I think LeBron, especially during his Cleveland Era, was at a disadvantage because he was always the main player,” said student Ethan Somer. “But, its always great to watch them battle on Christmas."

There’s also been a lot of history with these games, too.

AP Econ instructor Paul Chiment loved watching the Warriors and Cavaliers rivalry with friends.

“One of my favorite holiday game moments has to be LeBron James’ monster performance on Christmas Day 2018 when the Lakers upset the Warriors. Seeing him dominate a team that seemed nearly unbeatable was fun to watch,” Chiment said.

“It’s all about family for me.

We always watch our favorite teams while enjoying good food and good people.” - AP Econ instructor Paul Chiment

The Rise of Pickleball

Pickleball has taken the sports world by storm — claiming the title as the fastest growing sport since 2020.

WORDS & PHOTO by LIAM KNEZEVIC

P

ickleball, a racket sport with rules similar to tennis but played on a smaller court and with a different racket, is quickly becoming one of the most popular sports in the United States.

Since 2020, its popularity has surged, paving the way for potential NCAA recognition, scholarships, and businesses catering to players.

Locally, the sport has gained traction across all age groups. Its simplicity and social nature make it particularly appealing to those seeking a new way to get outside and stay active.

Senior Ethan Carrington, an avid pickleball player, said it was the accessibility and social aspect that drew him in.

“I started playing three years ago, and I love it.

Public courts, like the ones in Montecito, are free for kids and affordable for adults, which makes it easy for anyone to play,” Ethan said. “It’s competitive and fun, but also easy to pick up if you’re new.”

Ethan’s involvement has gone beyond casual games.

“I’ve competed in tournaments and won seven gold medals, two silver, and one bronze. Tournaments are usually full because of the sport’s growing popularity, and they’re always a fun experience, win or lose,” Ethan said.

The rise of pickleball has created friction with tennis players, who often lose court space to the growing demand for pickleball.

This tension has sparked debates about how to balance the needs of both sports.

Senior Sienna Wyatt, a dedicated tennis player shared her frustration.

“When I want to play tennis on weekends, I often find courts unavailable because they’ve been converted into pickleball courts. It’s not just me — most tennis players I know feel the same way. The rise of pickleball is pushing tennis players out.”

She noted that the frustration is not with the sport itself but with the lack of shared space.

“Pickleball players aren’t looked down on because of the game — it’s because their courts are replacing ours,” she said.

As pickleball continues to grow, finding ways to balance court space is critical.

Adding designated courts or developing shared systems seems to be the best route to form unison between the two racket sports.

Vanessa Carrington, co-founder of 365Dink, a multi-club membership for players to access private and semi-private pickleball clubs nationwide, discussed how the sport has driven innovation in business.

“My friend and I had been looking for a business that combined our love of real estate, travel, and sport. We both discovered pickleball around the same time and put our years together to create 365Dink.”

Carrington acknowledged the tension between tennis and pickleball players.

“Pickleball is taking over unused tennis courts because there’s demand for the space.

You can fit four pickleball courts in one tennis court, and since pickleball typically has four players per game, for every converted tennis court, 16 players can play.”

Pickleball is especially popular in regions with pleasant weather.

“There are hotspots throughout the country…Florida, Southern California, Utah, and Austin, Texas. Primarily because of the weather!” Carrington said.

As the sport continues to expand, it’s also gaining traction in higher education.

“There are over 200 colleges with pickleball programs,” Carrington said.

While tensions over court space persist, the sport’s growing popularity is likely to spur the development of new spaces and systems to allow tennis and pickleball to coexist harmoniously.

“It’s competitive and fun, but also easy to pick up if you’re new.”

-Ethan Carrington

Athlete of the Issue From the court to the mat, two- sport athlete Carson Stewart speaks on balancing the fast-paced demands of basketball with the grit and discipline of wrestling.

WORDS by JULES LECLERCQ PHOTOS By JACKSON BALTES Q: What do your practices look like for both sports and what are the main differences in preparation between basketball and Wrestling?

A: Basketball practice is a lot of skill work and fundamentals practice for the younger guys, while wrestling is the other way around. I’m always with experienced wrestlers drilling takedowns or working on my grappling skills.

Q: Do you have a pregame routine or specific way to warm up or get ready for either sport?

A: For basketball I always get my playlist going and I start with my form shooting drills before games, a bit of dribbling as well. Just basic drills to get my motor skills working.

Wrestling is different, I’ve only done a

couple of tournaments, but I usually wrestle between 5-6 matches per tournament. In between, I have sometimes up to an hour so it’s also important to stay calm in between matches.

Q: What’s been the most surprising challenge of being a two-sport athlete that people might not expect?

A: Time management of course is a big challenge. From basketball there’s not a whole lot that I haven’t seen before – but for wrestling, you need much better conditioning so making sure that I’m keeping my body right and learning new skill sets is tough as well.

Q: Are there any specific skills or strategies from basketball that have helped you in wrestling, or vice versa?

A: Yeah, wrestling has definitely helped my conditioning and helped keep me in good shape after football season.

Q: How do the coaching styles differ between basketball and wrestling, and how have you adapted to get the most out of each?

A: Basketball is pretty typical, the coach usually focuses on the younger guys which gives me some freedom. For wrestling, you really need to listen to the coaches when drilling the same

movement over and over, and of course, as a combat sport it’s more intense.

Q: Do you identify more strongly with one sport, or do you feel that being a two-sport athlete is central to who you are?

A: I think I identify more as a person with basketball just because I’ve been doing it for so long, but I do like wrestling more. I feel like it comes to me more naturally than basketball, and my dad was CIF champ back in the day. Being a 2 sport athlete is definitely central to who I am after doing it for 3 years now, whether it’s football, basketball, or wrestling.

Q: Dream Walk Out Song?

A: “Many Men” by 50 Cent.

SPORTS • 41

Boys and Girls Soccer

WORDS by LIAM KNEZEVIC & MASON SIEGEL PHOTOS by BRAD ELLIOTT

As the winter season comes to a close, let’s take a look back at what our winter athletes achieved and what they will continue to do.

Tallulah Staeger for Girls Soccer: Q: How would you describe the team’s chemistry and performance this season?

A: I would say our team chemistry is at an all time high and that we are all just happy to be playing soccer every day. I can tell from practice that we are gonna perform amazingly this year and all have a blast.

Q: What are the main goals for the winter season?

A: One goal for the season is to really connect as a team and to have a good time and enjoy being able to play and spend time with each other.

Q: Has there been a standout player or moment that’s inspired the team recently?

A: I would say that the influx of really talented freshmen has inspired us.

After losing a lot of talented players last year when the senior class graduated, I know a lot of us were worried about how we would perform this year, but we have had a ton of great freshmen come out to make our team what it is.

Q: How do you balance academics and soccer during such a busy season?

A: I like to get my work done during free periods in the school day so I have little homework left after practice. This allows me to spend more time studying after games and practice instead of doing homework assignments.

Senior Tallulah Staeger fights for possession of the ball Q: What strengths do you think the team has shown so far this winter? against Grace Brethren School.

A: One of our biggest strengths has to be our team chemistry as we all get along on and off the field.

Baylor Wilson for Boys Soccer: Q: What has been the biggest challenge for the team

this winter season, and how are you tackling it?

A: Our biggest challenge is definitely the depth of our team as we currently only have 12 players. We’re tackling the challenge by continuing to work hard knowing that we’re going to have to play entire games with minimal substitutions.

Q: How do you prepare for games when weather conditions are not ideal?

A: We just gotta get in the right mindset knowing that we might have to make certain adjustments during the game.

Q: Are there any specific goals or rivalries driving the team this season?

A: We definitely want to beat Grace Bretheren High School and eventually take home the league title.

42 • SPORTS

Junior Baylor Wilson starts his attacks down the sideline looking to cross it for his teammate. thefourthestate.net

Boys and Girls Boys and Girls Basketball Basketball Carolina Duron-Angeles for Girls Basketball: Q: What has been the highlight of the pre-season?

A: Team bonding has been the highlight. We’ve been building chemistry and pushing each other in practice, which has been really exciting. We have put in a lot of practice with the team and feel very connected.

Q: As a leader of the team, what do you hope to achieve as an individual and as a team?

A: As a leader, I want to set the right example and help everyone stay focused. Personally, I aim to improve my game and leadership. As a team, I want us to go all the way and win a championship. Also grow as a team and build connections with coaches and teammates.

Q: What is your favorite current basketball shoe in the market?

A: I’m really into the Nike Kevin Durant 16s (KD16s) right now. They have great support, and cushioning, and they look very good on the court.

Sophomore Carolina Duron Angeles dribbles into the defense looking to shoot or pass.

Jared Sorenson for Boys Basketball: Q: What do you do in order to stay healthy for games, as you have many

that occur within a day of each other?

A: Recovery is always key to a long season and taking care of our body and health to maintain quality play in all of the games.

Q: Who’s your biggest inspiration when it comes to basketball, and how do they influence your game?

A: I look up to Kevin Durant as he has cemented himself as a legend in the game. I love his mid-range shots and try to replicate his moves in game and practice.

Q: What are you most looking forward to this season, both as a player and as a teammate?

A: Both bonding as a team and becoming a better basketball player. We have a small group of guys so we have to make sure our team chemistry is on point while also having fun.

Q: What’s something you have worked on in the off-season that you are excited to display on the court?

A: I have improved on my vertical jump through plyometrics, and this will help a lot in the games as vertical is a key aspect to the game of basketball. thefourthestate.net

Senior Jared Sorenson runs down the court looking for his spot to shoot and score.

SPORTS • 43

“The only thing constant is change.”

- Heraclitus