Horse Roundup 2017

HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

HORSE 2017

ROUNDUP

A

P U B L I C A T I O N

O F

GUYZ FIRST CALL 2015 Bay Gelding

Frenchmans Guy x Shakiras Dash SI 93, Corona Cartel SI 97 Dam ran AAA with Race Earnings over $34,000.

VISIONS OF GUYZ 2015 Buckskin Mare

NEXT ARENA CHAMPIONS FROM THE

SATURDAY, AUGUST 26, 2017

COPPER SPRING RANCH ARENA - BOZEMAN, MONTANA Offering Started 2-YEAR-OLD ARENA PROSPECTS, WEANLINGS and SELECT BROODMARES from our PROVEN BREEDING PROGRAM! MYERS PERFORMANCE HORSES SIRES...

FRENCHMANS GUY - A SMOOTH GUY - COWBOYS CARTEL SI 93

SHEZ MY PICK GUYZ

SHEZ ROYALLY SMOOTH

2015 Palomino Mare

2015 Gray Mare

Frenchmans Guy x Moon Visions SI 89, Visionarian SI 94 Dam ran AA with Race Earnings of $4,840.

SMOOTH PERKS 2015 Bay Gelding

Frenchmans Guy x Tag Along Nickie, Dr Nick Bar Dam’s sire, DR NICK BAR, is one of the Nation’s great Barrel Horse Sires producing many champions at all levels in the performance horse arena.

HEZ SERIOUS GUYZ

A Smooth Guy x Dear Shakey, Royal Shake Em SI 104 Dam’s Sire has Progeny Race Earnings of over $10 Million.

THIS GUYZ HOT

2015 Sorrel Gelding

2015 Palomino Gelding

A Smooth Guy x CE Black Opal, Dash For Perks SI 93 Dam has produced a Barrel Futurity Winner.

LARRY LARSON PHOTOGRAPHY, INC. © 2017

GUYS FIRST AND GOAL 2017 Palomino Stud

(PENDING)

Frenchmans Guy x Serious Spender SI 92, Bills Ryon SI 113 FULL BROTHER to BFA Futurity Champion GUYS CASH PERKS!

Frenchmans Guy x Hot Movida, Hot Colours SI 102

HOT MOVIDA is out of DOCS MOVIDA – A SMOOTH GUY’S Dam.

k Frenchmans Guy x Effortles Preference SI 94, First Down Dash SI 105 Outstanding pedigree Top & Bottom - Maternal Race World Champions! Stallion Prospect!

St. Onge, South Dakota

605.641.4283 (Bill’s Cell) 605.641.4282 (Deb’s Cell) MyersTrainingStable@gmail.com 605.642.9789 (Home)

#1 TWO-YEAR-OLD PROGRAM IN THE NATION! SHEZ COWGIRL TOUGH

HARD TRYN GUY

Maternal Granddam is PC LADY FRANCES – Deb’s great mare “Casey”.

GUYZ GIRLZ GOT CASH

Frenchmans Guy x Amber Holland SI 88, Holland Ease SI 109 FULL BROTHER to GUYS AMBERETTO (Earnings of $50,000+) and GUYS HOT AMBER (Earnings $5,558).

FRECKLED FACE COWBOY 2015 Bay Gelding

2015 Palomino Mare

Frenchmans Guy x Bugs Special Cash SI 94, Special Leader SI 104

Cowboys Cartel SI 93 x Micks Sis, Freckles Playboy

Dam is Stakes Placed Winner of $13,019, sired by World Champion Stakes Earner of $292,605 and Winner of Champion Of Champions (G1).

Micks Sis has NCHA Earnings and is the Dam of an NCHA Money Earner.

RED HOT EXPRESSION

SMOOTH DASH TA FAME

1998 Sorrel Mare

Hot Colours SI 102 x Six Expression SI 86, Streakin Six SI 104 Proven Open Barrel Horse Winner. Great Conformation & Balance. Bred to IMA SPECIAL KINDAGUY for 2018!

2015 Gray Gelding

2015 Palomino Gelding

2015 Bay Mare

Cowboys Cartel SI 93 x Caseys Starlight, Rio Starlight

TAKE THE FAME GUYZ

Frenchmans Guy x Disarray SI 89, Dash Ta Fame SI 113 FULL BROTHER to GUYS FAMOUS GIRL (2009 Myers High Seller, 2011 LG Slot Race Champion, 2011’s Nations #1 Futurity Horse, EquiStat Earnings $110,490).

Also, FULL BROTHER to GUYS R A MYSTERY – proving himself in the Canadian Barrel Arenas.

SHEZ SMASHINLY SMOTH 2015 Buckskin Mare

A Smooth Guy x Smashingly Classic SI 92, A Classic Dash SI 93 Her Dam was South Dakota Racing Champion 2-YearOld Filly.

ANOTHER FRENCH BOY 2015 Palomino Gelding

2015 Bay Mare

A Smooth Guy x Miss Dash Of Fame, Dash Ta Fame SI 113 Dam has produced multiple barrel futurity finalists.

frenchmansguy.com

Frenchmans Guy x Rojo Irish Barbie, Rojo Irish Bay FULL BROTHER to 2016 Sale Standout FRENCHMANS FIRESTAR.

JOIN US IN BOZEMAN, MONTANA ON AUGUST 26th!

CONTACT US for additional information on our 2017 CONSIGNMENTS and to REQUEST A CATALOG!

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

1

ER PITZER RANCH PITZER RANCH RA ZER

OF OuR BE PART LEGACY…….

BEOFPART OuR LEGACY…….

OF OuR LE

2017

2017

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elling 550 HeadSelling 550 Head Selling 550 Head

- Ranch Production Colts 270 - Ranch Production 270 Colts - Ranch Production Co

- Broke Geldings & Mares 150 - Broke Geldings &150 Mares- Broke Geldings & Ma

130 Stallions - Broodmares, Yearlings Stallions odmares, Yearlings & 130 - & Broodmares, Yearlings & S

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

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4

HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

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PRQHBA

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Contact Us! 406-427-5420 or 406-436-2284 www.prqhba.com Email sales@prqhba.com Powder River Quarter Horse Breeders Association

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5

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

TRI-STATE LIVESTOCK NEWS

* With approved credit. Program restrictions may apply. See dealer for details.

HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

48 First, Do No Harm

11

BUCKING SADDLE-FIT MYTHS

How to Help your Horse (and your Vet) when your Horse Gets Hurt

BY SAVANNA SIMMONS

11

18 123 Years of Horses Suttons Honored as 2018 AQHA Inductees

58 Getting Out

A Horse Owner's Guide to Planning for an Evacuation

BY AMANDA RADKE

26 Straight from the

Horse's Mouth

26

BY MONICA GOKEY

Exploring the Basics of Equine Dentistry

BY RACHEL SPENCE

73 Tips for Horse

Judging Success

BY CURTIS DOUBET

BY HEATHER SMITH THOMAS

77 Advertisers’ Index

36 The Best

in the Business

Butler Professional Farrier School

BY SAVANNA SIMMONS

36

COVER PHOTO BY KELLI BROWN PHOTOGRAPHY

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

7

CONTACT – CATALOG REQUEST

605–848–0887 JENRUZSA@GMAIL.COM

FEATURING: RUZSA QUARTER HORSES ∙ JOHNSON STABLES ∙ SAMPSON FAMILY RANCH ∙ HUFFMAN RANCH ∙ MERRILL RANCH 8

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SERVING THE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY FOR FIVE DECADES 1501 5Th Avenue, Suite 101, Belle Fourche, SD 57717 1 (877) 347-9100 | (605) 723-7001 (877) 347-9126 (FAX)

SUBSCRIPTIONS: 1 (877) 347-9100 Publisher: SABRINA “BREE” POPPE Cell (605) 639-0356 | Office (877) 347-9104 spoppe@tsln-fre.com Editor: CARRIE STADHEIM cstadheim@tsln-fre.com Digital & Sections Editor: MARIA TUSSING mtussing@tsln-fre.com Graphic Designer: CHRISTA VANDYKE LIVESTOCK MARKETING DEPARTMENT Field Service & Ringmen SCOTT DIRK, Dept. Director & Fieldman (605) 380-6024 | sdirk@tsln-fre.com West River SD, NE Territory CHRIS EFFLING, Fieldman (605) 769-0142 | ceffling@tsln-fre.com East River SD, NE & MN Territory ROWDY BENSON, Fieldman (605) 569-1493 | rbenson@tsln-fre.com North Dakota Territory DIXON SCOTT, Fieldman (406) 231-1469 | dscott@tsln-fre.com Montana-Wyoming Territory DAN PIROUTEK, Fieldman (605) 544-3316 | dpiroutek@tsln-fre.com Cattle Marketing Assistant & Nebraska Territory Account Manager: CARISSA LEE: (877) 347-9114 | clee@tsln-fre.com Special Projects Coordinator & Account Manager: DIANNA PALMER: SD–N. of I-90 West of the River (605) 423-6045 | (877) 347-9112 dpalmer@tsln-fre.com Account Manager: SUSAN CABLE: SD–S. of I-90 Rosebud East Territory (605) 840-1986 | (888) 648-4449 scable@tsln-fre.com Major Accounts Manager: SARAH SWENSON: Wyoming & Montana (303) 710-9254 | (855)370-0539 sswenson@tsln-fre.com

CLASSIFIEDS: classifieds@tsln-fre.com MAINLINE: (877) 347-9122 COPYRIGHT 2017. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ERRORS: The Tri-State Livestock News & Farmer & Rancher Exchange shall be responsible for errors or omission in connection with an advertisement only to the extent of the space covered by the error.

Opinions stated in letters or signed columns do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of Tri-State News.

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

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B

Bucking

saddle-fit myths

BY SAVANNA SIMMONS

eing knowledgeable about tack is part of our journey as horseman. Yet when it

comes to saddle fit, confusion and misinformation abounds, said Ed Odgers, a saddle-maker from Arena, Wisconsin. “Horses’ backs are complex shapes and a lot of factors need to come together to achieve a good fit,” he said. “Furthermore, horses can’t talk so it’s up to our observations to evaluate saddle fit. This is a difficult task since the critical saddle tree is concealed from view by sheepskin and leather. To cloud the matter further, the tack industry lacks clear and consistent standards to communicate the dimensions and shapes of saddle trees.” Odgers responds to common myths he often encounters concerning saddle fit.

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

11

Myth: I need a saddle made uniquely for my horse to assure a perfect, comfortable fit.

“Don’t expect to find and maintain a perfect fit, but avoid a bad one,” Odgers said. Horses’ backs change with age and conditioning, leading most saddle and tree makers to advise to fit a body type, not an individual horse.

}}The saddle tree bars must be considered when fitting a saddle to a horse. This is difficult because the tree are buried within layers of leather and sheepskin.

PHOTO BY ED ODGERS

“About 60 percent of horses have good backs and will get along with the commonly available, average tree,” Odgers said. “Another 30 percent may have some special need that can be accommodated, such as a wider gullet angle and/or width. The remaining 10 percent have extreme or unusual backs and can’t be fitted with a reasonable saddle tree. Don’t buy those horses and don’t breed them.”

Horsemen or cowboys that spend hours in the saddle aboard a variety of horses can suit the 90 percent by owning a few saddles with varying trees.

Myth: My horse is so big he must need a wide saddle.

“This might be true for draft-cross horses but the opposite is more common. Many big saddle horses carry a lot of Thoroughbred blood and have prominent withers and a narrow back profile,” Odgers said. “A medium to narrow gullet width and a 90 degree bar angle will usually fit these horses.”

}}As a general rule, a saddle, like the one pictured made by Ed Odgers, should not be made for a particular horse, but rather a horse’s “back-type”.

PHOTO BY SAVANNA SIMMONS

On the other hand, it is more common for smaller horses bred for cutting and reining to have less prominent withers and rounder back profiles that may benefit from a wider angle and/or gullet width. It is possible to learn to judge a horse’s back, categorize them into two or three body types, then fit them with a corresponding tree.

Myth: Wade saddles (or Bowman or Sid Special or Association, etc.) fit the best.

“The names attributed to saddle styles such as Wade, designate the general shape of the fork and have no direct bearing on how the saddle will fit either the horse or rider,” he said. “The original Wade saddle and early copies made by Hamley Saddle Company in the 1940s had a distinctive tree bar style but modern day copies vary considerably.”

Odgers added that many production manufacturers simply install a Wade-like fork on the same tree bars they use for other saddle styles.

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

TRI-STATE LIVESTOCK NEWS

Myth: Rigging location and type will determine saddle position.

When a saddle tree fits, it fits in one place on the back, like a couple of spoons nested together, Odgers said. “A good back will have an hour-glass shape called rocker, where the bars rest, and well-defined wither pockets behind the shoulders.” A tree that matches that shape will resist movement.

It is commonly thought that the cinch needs to be perfectly vertical or it will pull the saddle forward.

Consider the physics, Odgers suggests: a cinch that is angled forward by 1.5 inches – the typical setback of a 7/8 rigged saddle--has about 94 percent of the cinch’s pull acting vertically and only 6 percent horizontally. Thus, if the cinch is tightened to 40 lbs., only 2.5 lbs. will be acting to pull the saddle forward.

“Such a minor force will not counteract the fit of the tree. While there are other good reasons to select a rig location and style, the math and experience of tree

and saddle makers confirms that the commonly used rigging positions (full, 7/8, 3/4) will not influence the saddle’s location on the horse’s back.”

If the saddle tends to shift and not settle into a consistent location, it is probably not a good fit, the rider may be over padding, or the horse may lack the shape to hold that saddle well.

Myth: Thicker padding is more comfortable for the horse.

The functions of saddle pads and blankets can be compared to socks, providing cushion, dissipating heat, and absorbing moisture, thereby protecting the saddle leather.

“Cushioning can minimize minor fit problems but just like wearing three heavy pairs of socks, too much padding can ruin a good fit and reduce stability. Pads that are a half-inch to 1-inch thick are usually adequate.”

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13

Heavier padding can help if the saddle tree is too wide, but a too-narrow fit will only get worse.

tree bars will be tipped and potentially gouge into the vulnerable lower back.

Myth: This high tech pad will fix my fit problem.

It may be necessary to customize pad thickness to compensate for asymmetrical, atrophied or otherwise extreme back shapes but do this carefully with the help of a competent saddle maker.

“Saddle fit problems, real or imagined, have sold a lot of pads, but most pads can only fine-tune a saddle’s fit,” Odgers said. “If the shape of the horse’s back doesn’t correspond to the shape of the tree bars, there will be pressure points. Padding materials can spread that pressure out slightly but none will fully correct the problem.”

Be cautious using pads that are not uniform in thickness, are wedged or built-up, Odgers warns.

They will alter how a tree fits and may cause serious harm. One example he offered is when using a pad with the front built-up or wedged to level the saddle on a down-hill horse. In this situation, the back of the

}}Fitting a tree to a horse’s back prior to making the saddle would be ideal but isn’t realistic. The goal is to achieve a perfect fit, but if that can’t be achieved, avoiding a bad fit is the next goal.

PHOTO BY ED ODGERS

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

TRI-STATE LIVESTOCK NEWS

Myth: That saddle looks too big to fit my horse.

Saddle fit refers to the tree buried under layers of leather and sheepskin. “Don’t confuse the saddle skirts with the weight-bearing tree bars within. Feel the underside of the saddle to determine the location of the tree bars and how they fit your horse,” he said. “The skirts of a properly made saddle should be molded to flare away slightly from the horse and shouldn’t contribute any significant pressure.”

Myth: I ride Quarter Horses so I must need “They also use a more accurate gullet width measurement at the back of the fork called hand-hole width.”

Quarter Horse bars.

Semi-quarter horse, quarter horse, and full-quarter horse bars are general terms used by some tree makers to describe the width between and angle of their bars. Semi-quarter horse bars refers to a medium-narrow gullet width of about 6.25 inches measured at the front of the fork and 90 degree angle. This is the most common configuration, Odgers said, fitting a majority of horses. Quarter horse bars contain a wider gullet width of approximately 6.5 inches and 90 degrees.

Full quarter horse bars describes an extra-wide gullet width of 6.75 inches to 7 inches and often a wider gullet angle.

“These descriptions are most useful for comparing saddles by the same maker. They are not an industry standard and actual measurements and fit will vary. Most custom tree makers do not use this system, rather they specify gullet width and angle measurements,” he said.

Common dimensions are a 4 inch hand-hole width, 90 degree bar angle and 7.5 inch gullet height. “Custom tree makers usually offer bar angles ranging from 90 to 96 degrees along with various bar styles, bar twist, and rocker variations to fit many types of horse and mules,” Odgers said.

Myth: Treeless saddles are more comfortable for the horse.

The bars of a properly fitting western saddle distribute the rider’s weight and the pull of the cinch over a large area. This results in less pressure (pounds per square inch) than an English saddle, treeless saddle or a bareback rider. “Especially for long rides and heavier riders, a good fitting tree will benefit the horse,” he said.

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15

Selling 80 Horses

Besler’s Cadilac Ranch . Belle Fourche . SD

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W

123 Years of Horses:

T

}}Ray and his father, Raymond, are pictured with AQHA Champion Sokota Babe and SDQHA High Point Mare, Jerri Punk, in 1966. PHOTOS COURTESY OF RAYMOND SUTTON RANCH

Suttons Honored as 2018 AQHA Hall of Fame Inductees

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BY AMANDA RADKE

he late Ray Sutton and his wife, Georga will be inducted into the 2018 American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA) Hall of Fame.

The Suttons are the first South Dakota natives to be inducted and only the second couple to be so honored.

“Induction into the American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame is the highest honor possible in the American Quarter Horse Association,” said Craig Huffhines, AQHA executive vice president. “Georga and Raymond Sutton have greatly impacted our Association, and I look forward to welcoming these deserving individuals into the Hall of Fame in 2018.”

2 “Most of our horses were sold privately, but in Aug. 1933, a trainload of Sutton horses were shipped to the Chicago market...

This shipment was one of the largest of its kind and made the headlines in Chicago."

saddle horses were a neThe Raymond Sutton cessity and bloodlines Ranch, located near were not closely scruGettysburg, S.D., is tinized. If the horses home of the oldest quarwere able to put in long, ter horse production hard days over miles of sale in the world. Horses country, then they were raised on the ranch caracceptable.” ry the original ranch brand, S quarter circle, In 1910, the Suttons on their right jaw. The started raising regisSutton ranch was estabtered Hereford cattle, lished by Edwin Sutton and by 1916 they had in 1894. Since 1916, the –Georga Sutton invested in their first Suttons have raised catpurebred horses with tle, buffalo and horses on the purchase of five Percheron stallions. their ranch, with a strong emphasis of raising successful bloodlines that will produce “Most of our horses were sold privatedominant breeders with distinctive carry-on ly, but in Aug. 1933, a trainload of Sutton breeding abilities. horses were shipped to the Chicago market,” Recipients of AQHA’s Legacy Award (50 years of continuous breeding) and the 50 Year Cumulative Award, they will host their 66th annual production sale in September 2017. The sheer numbers of horses sold to more than 1,000 customers is a testament to the strength of their program. By the end of 2016, the ranch had registered 2,646 foals and is still counting.

“The goal has always been to produce the best horses possible,” said Georga Sutton.

“The move from horsepower to mechanical means of farming necessitated a rethinking of the horse program on the ranch. Early

said Georga. “This shipment was one of the largest of its kind and made the headlines in Chicago. This trainload also reflected a shift was coming to the ranch with less emphasis on breeding draft horses and more attention paid to raising saddlehorses.”

A severe drought in Texas in the late 1940s provided the opportunity to get in the registered Quarter Horse business, and Georga says the AQHA’s emphasis on Ranching Heritage Breeders has helped to refocus on the reason Quarter Horses were first developed.

“We strive to raise horses that are multi-talented,” said Georga. “We believe in

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}}Sutton’s Solid Gold Edition was a ranch stallion who achieved fourth in the nation in 1995 aged stallions. Pictured here are Heather, Ray, and Georga at the AQHA World Show.

horses that are beautiful in mind, body and disposition; they can be specialists, all-around performers or just faithful friends. Our program has always had the all-around horse as our goal. It is what Quarter Horses excel at and it is what we breed for.”

Both Ray and Georga grew up riding horses, and when they met at South Dakota State University, their passion for the equine industry brought them together. The couple married in July of 1968, and they worked together for 37 years breeding the best horses possible.

The proof of the Raymond Sutton Ranch breeding program is in the success their customers have found through their purchases. The ranch résumé boasts numerous awards and accomplishments.

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The ranch is home of Bill’s Rock, who was first in AQHA Get-of-Sire for two years; Peggy Note and Patty Punk, who were both first in AQHA Produce-ofDam; Sorrel Spark, whose produce accumulated 2,592 AQHA points and boasted a World Champion Senior Pleasure Horse, two AQHA High Point Halter Mares, a Youth Supreme Champion, Open and Youth AQHA Champions. Horses from the ranch’s breeding program have Superiors in halter, pleasure, hunt seat, showmanship and horsemanship; and are the dams of Dynamic Deluxe, Sudden Inclination and Cowboy’s Squaw II, who was AQHA’s Honor Roll Mare, just to name a few.

“When we got serious about being in the registered Quarter Horse business, we knew that we had to get our horses out for people to see,” said Georga. “A few of the early stallions the ranch owned came with some type of show record. Some did not. Ray and I always enjoyed showing our horses, not for the trophies, but for the satisfaction of knowing that what we bred was as good as or better than the competition. Heather and I still enjoy the challenge of the show ring.”

Heather is Georga and Ray’s daughter, who returned to the family ranch in 2006 following the untimely death of her father just days prior to the 2005 production sale.

“Raymond was killed fighting a fire on the ranch,” said Georga. “He was an AQHA National Director

and Judge for over 20 years, a man who loved being around horse people. Since his death, Heather has joined me in operating the ranch and breeding horses.”

“It would have been easy to throw in the towel in 2005 after Dad died, but we wanted to keep going and continuing the family tradition,” said Heather.

The daughter of the two-woman duo says she has fond memories growing up on the ranch and learning the ropes of the business from her parents.

“We always used to say, ‘the family who cleans stalls together stays together,’” said Heather. “Growing up, we spent a lot of time working cows, putting up hay and the other day-to-day responsibilities of running the ranch. Some of my fondest memories are when I was younger, and my parents were able to go to the horse shows, too. They both had very hard work ethics and a strong interest in horses, and they taught me that your word is your bond. I think that’s why people continue to come back as repeat buyers each year; they know we are honest people to do business with.”

The Suttons’ first sale was held at the sale barn in Aberdeen, S.D. in 1951. Today, the sale is held at the ranch, and most of the offering is current year foals with a few older geldings and mares.

“We hold the sale at the ranch because we feel it is important for our customers to be able to see both the sire and the dam of the horses,” said Georga. “Horses from the sale have gone international as well as staying in the United States. Buyers

from 10 states took home horses from the 2016 sale. We have requests for over 700 catalogs that are mailed out.”

While Georga is a retired school teacher, Heather has put aside her career as a veterinarian to work full-time on the ranch. Together, the pair has a sharp focus on their breeding program and continuing the legacy the Sutton family has built.

Black Hills Horse Expo October 20-22, 2017 James Kjerstad Event Center, Rapid City, SD

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21

}}A Sutton Ranch stallion, Rios Santana, wins his class in 2013 with Heather Sutton at the Colorado State Fair and goes on to be a two-time qualifier for the AQHA World Show.

Today, the Suttons maintain a stallion battery of 15 and a mare band of over 100. To prepare for the sale, the two take photos, put together the catalog, advertise, freeze brand, and “halter gentle” the foals. Last year, they each haltered 40 of the foals before the sale. }}TOP: The Suttons donated this mare — RWS Color Me Intrigued — to the Ranching Heritage Young Horse Development Program. She was Reserve Youth Yearling Mare at the 2013 Quarter Horse Congress.

“In recent years, we have focused more on performance horses, for cutting and cow horse events,” said Heather.

“We’ve invested in some new bloodlines, and we plan to do some embryo transfer work on our older, successful mares in the next couple of years.”

In Heather’s spare time, she serves on the marketing committee for AQHA and on the board of directors of the South Dakota Quarter Horse Association. Over the years, Georga has served on several AQHA committees including

}}BOTTOM: Sutton’s RWS Pobres Allusive was the high point Texas Junior High School Rodeo calf horse and champion at the Joe Beaver Invitational Roping.

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}}Georga Sutton and RWS Cocoa D Or Badger, the high point open yearling filly in the South Dakota Quarter Horse Association in 2014.

international, studbook, registration and Hall of Fame Selection. In 2013, Georga was named an honorary AQHA vice president, and both she and Ray served as presidents of the South Dakota Quarter Horse Association.

Joining Ray and Georga Sutton on the 2017 AQHA Hall of Fame are five horses including Maroon (TB), Otoe, Runaway Winner, Smart Chic Olena and The Ole Man. Also being inducted are AQHA members including Abigail Kawananakoa of Nuevo, Calif.; Dr. Tom Lenz of Louisburg, Kans.; the late AQHA Past President Gene Graves of Grand Island, Neb.; and the late Robert Sutherland of Kansas City, Mo. To learn more about the Raymond Sutton Ranch, visit www.raymondsutton.net.

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23

BILLINGS LIVESTOCK COMMISSION

BILLINGS LIVESTOCK COMMISSION B ILLING S, MONTANA BILLINGS LIVESTOCK COMMISSION BILLINGS LIVESTOCK COMMISSION BILLINGS, MONTANA January February BILLINGS LIVESTOCK COMMISSION BILLINGS, MONTANA January February BILLINGS, MONTANA January February BILLINGS, MONTANA January February $11,000 “Cruzin Blue Dude” offered

by Quarter $11,000 “Cruzin Blue $11,000 “Cruzin Blue Circle 4R Ranch Dude” offered

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March March March March March

$10,700 “Peppys PG Sundust” consigned Schmitt Ranch $10,700by “Peppys PGHorse Sundust” $10,700 “Peppys Sundust” $10,700 “Peppys PGPG Sundust” consigned by Schmitt Horse Ranch consigned Schmitt Horse Ranch consigned by by Schmitt Horse Ranch $10,700 “Peppys PG Sundust” consigned by Schmitt Horse Ranch

2016 2016 2016 2016 2016

February March 25 24-25-26 February 24-25-26 February 24-25-26 January 28 March April 2225 March 25 March 25 February April 22 24-25-26 May April 22 April27 22 March 25 May 27 June 24 May 27 May 27 April 22 June 24 June24 24 June May 27 June 24

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February

$34,000 “Same Low Price” offered

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April April April April April

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

S elling Horses S elling Horses elling Horses Horses SSelling S elling Horses

January 28 July 22 26 FOR YOUR NEXTJuly WINNER February 24-25-26 August January 22 January28 28 22

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25

Straight from the horse’s mouth

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Exploring the basics of

P

equine dentistry

BY HEATHER SMITH THOMAS

utting a file in a horse’s mouth may not be the most intuitive part of horsemanship, but it can be an important part.

“Floating” a horse’s teeth is so named after a similar practice in masonry, when a file is used to level bricks.

The idea of floating teeth is to take care of problems that may interfere with your horse’s health. Horses’ teeth grow constantly throughout their lives, around 2-3 millimeters per year, to make up for the grinding-down that happens as they graze.

Most of the horse’s tooth is deep, below the gums, and keeps erupting into the mouth, says Bruce Connally, DVM, who has an equine practice in Berthoud, Colorado. He taught dentistry to veterinary students at Colorado State University and then practiced for a number of years in Wyoming. “The visible teeth are 3 or 4 inches long when the horse is young, but gradually wear down and get shorter and may wear out (and push on out) sometime in the horse’s 20s or 30s, depending on what he has been eating. On pasture or grass hay, teeth wear more evenly than when horses are eating alfalfa hay or cubes,” he says.

}}Bruce Connally, DVM, floats the teeth of a sedated horse. Sedation makes everyone’s job easier and improves the quality of care the dental provider can give.

PHOTOS COURTESY OF BRUCE CONNALLY, DVM

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Dental care for young horses Foals have baby, or deciduous, teeth that erupt from the gums at different times and are later shed and replaced by adult, permanent teeth, says Rachel Shutter, DVM, Dakota Hills Veterinary Clinic in Rapid City, South Dakota, who sees a lot of equine patients for dental care.

}}A lot of changes happen in a young horse’s mouth.

These teeth are typical of a 3.5 year old.

Shutter recommends a dental check at 2 to 3 years old because a lot of changes happen in a horse’s mouth at 2 to 2.5 years old. “At that time we can start recognizing any pathologies that we might be able to fix. It’s a lot easier to prevent some of these problems than to try to deal with them later. If I don’t see the horse for a dental check until 18 years down the road, at that point there’s not much I can do to fix a problem that started many years earlier,” she says.

The training that happens at 2 to 3 years old also puts more demands on their mouth and dental problems can turn into training problems.

If the young horse is fighting the bit, or not wanting to turn a certain direction, or showing discomfort in a bridle, it is important to think about what might be happening in the mouth. “There are many changes that could be a cause of discomfort. There may be a cap (baby tooth) that is still retained that needs to come off, for instance,” says Shutter.

}}A hook tooth may cause sores in a horse’s mouth and interfere with performance

“People used to rip caps off as soon as they found them,” said Connally. “But now we realize that if we pull the cap off too soon this can damage the enamel on the incoming permanent tooth. Today we don’t pull caps as aggressively as in the past, but there are some that do make the horse uncomfortable and those need to come off,” he says.

The horse’s baby teeth, which are softer and often wear more quickly and unevenly than permanent teeth, sometimes develop sharp areas that can cause discomfort in the soft tissue around them. Usually baby teeth are replaced by permanent teeth by age 5, said Connally.

Tooth bumps (enlargements at the middle area of the bottom jaw) are another thing people worry about, thinking the lumps are infections or some

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other problem. These enlargements are due to impaction of the bottom molars as those permanent teeth are coming in, when the horse is about 3. “Most of the time these resolve; those bumps go away by the time the horse is 4 or 5,” Connally says.

Wolf teeth can be another issue in a young horse, but most of the time wolf teeth are too far back to cause trouble. They can be a problem when they are pointed in toward the tongue or out toward the cheeks, making the horse uncomfortable. “These are just the first deciduous premolars, and smaller than the other teeth. Wolf teeth get blamed for a lot of problems with a bit, though most bit problems are due to the rider’s hands rather than the bit itself. It is worth checking them. Most horses shed wolf teeth by the time they are 3, but some don’t, and if they cause a problem, they need to be removed,” Connally says.

Potential problems in horses’ teeth A horse chews by moving the lower jaw in a circular pattern, almost like a figure eight, says Shutter.

The bottom jaw is narrower than the top, so the teeth sometimes develop points on the outside edge of the top teeth and the inside edge of the bottom teeth.

Since the teeth are naturally slanted, these points can dig into the cheek or tongue and cause sores.

The most common pathologies, besides points on the teeth, are hooks or ramps on the first or last set of cheek teeth--on the first set of premolars and on the back molars. The average horse’s jaws are slightly mismatched in length, so the front part of the tooth or the back part of the tooth continues to grow because it is not being worn by the opposing tooth. It starts to hook over the top or bottom tooth. When

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Telling A Horse’s Age – “Aging horses by examining the incisors is moderately accurate, until about age 9 or 10—

by looking at when the different permanent teeth come in, and observing the wear on them. After about age 10 it becomes harder to tell the age,” Connally says.

Even in young horses the wear can vary, and this can be deceptive when trying to determine age. If a horse is eating sand with his feed, the teeth wear faster and he will appear to be older.

From birth to 6 months, baby teeth come in, including the first three molars.

The first molar appears at 6 to 8 days and the next at 6 to 8 months. The foal has three front teeth at 6 to 8 months, and the first three molars. The first three molars (teeth number 6, 7, and 8) shed their caps at ages 2 1/2, 3 and 3 1/2. The canine teeth (bridle teeth) come in at 4 to 4 1/2 years. }}By the time a horse is 12, all of the permanent teeth are in and the mouth usually requires monitoring only for problems that may develop because of tooth loss or damage.

these hooks get very long, they prevent proper chewing motion, Shutter says.

When a horse gets old, there might be no more tooth below the gum to keep erupting. “It may happen at age 20, or 30; every horse ages at a different rate.

Depending on how the horse ages, and what it was eating during its lifetime, teeth may start to fall out.

The first one to come out is usually the 9, which is the oldest permanent tooth in the horse—that came in as a yearling,” she says. This tooth is in the middle of the check teeth.

When a horse loses a tooth the opposite side doesn’t have anything to grind against, and the teeth on either side of the gap start moving toward each other. Feed can get packed into those spaces, which can cause a gum infection and potential for abscess.

“A tooth abscess may result in a nasty discharge from one nostril, break out through the skin below the eye to drain out. These situations need veterinary attention,” Connally says.

For mares especially, the canine teeth (bridle teeth, just behind the incisors) can sometimes cause trouble.

Many mares don’t have canine teeth, but some do, and

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TRI-STATE LIVESTOCK NEWS

in some mares those teeth are small and just under the gum surface and don’t fully erupt and can cause pain.

“In geldings or stallions those teeth usually come in,” Connally said, “but in the mares that have canine teeth just sitting under the surface there may be some tenderness. I’ve had to cut the gingiva off the top of some of those just so those bumps aren’t causing discomfort.”

Other problems that can occur include a wave mouth, which happens when the teeth are different levels, often because the teeth erupt at different times, says Shutter.

Frequency of dental care “I see a lot of horses that had no dental checkups until their late teens or older. Many owners don’t start to think about teeth until the horse starts losing weight (unable to chew feed properly, or not eating enough because of a painful mouth) or dropping feed out of the mouth. I urge people to get their horses checked at least once a year, at an earlier date, so we can prevent the weight loss and painful eating, rather than just trying to fix something that’s already going downhill,” says Shutter.

The next three molars (teeth number 9, 10 and 11) start coming in before the first three shed their caps. The number 9 tooth comes in at a year of age; the 10 appears at 2 years and the 11 at 3 years. By that time the horse has all the cheek teeth, but these are not all permanent. The baby teeth come out in the order they came in, as they are replaced by the permanent teeth erupting.

When estimating age in older horses, it depends on how the teeth have worn.

At age 8 all the lower cups are full. By age 10 the cups are worn away and the mouth is smooth. At 10 Galvayne’s groove appears at the top of the corner incisor, and by age 15 has worked its way

halfway down the tooth. It is all the way to the bottom by age 20, and then starts receding back up. That can be a clue to a horse’s age, unless a dentist has worked on the teeth and taken some of that tooth off.

Middle-aged horses, which are past the “young horse” problems and not yet to the “old horse” problems often are fine with a check every other year, but others need to be seen every six months.

“Very few, in my experience, need to be floated every year, but we still need to check,” says Connally.

Some equine dentists suggest floating teeth more than once a year. Unless there is a specific problem they are trying to address and it’s a short-term situation, get a second opinion or find a new dentist. “Only in unusual circumstances would a horse need this many treatments. If they are floating horses that often, those horses will run out of teeth too soon, before they run out of years. This could shorten the horse’s functional life,” Connally says.

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Cost and Qualifications The cost for dental care varies around the country and from one veterinary or dental practice to another. “In my practice, a float will be $130 to $150, which includes sedation. In some regions the total cost may be double or even triple that amount,” says Connally.

}}As a horse gets older and teeth begin to fall out and break, the mouth requires more care and attention to prevent serious issues.

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In the past, many people floated teeth without sedation. “You can do some things without sedating the horse, but the owner should expect that the horse will be sedated, with a speculum to hold the mouth open so the practitioner can do a thorough job. This will cost more than a dental exam/work without sedation. Depending on what we have to do inside the mouth, it will take about 30 to 50 minutes,” he says.

It can sometimes be a challenge to find a reputable practitioner. “Word of mouth is still how a lot of people find equine professionals.

"Be wary of equine dentists who want to float teeth more than once a year, without showing you a specific problem they are addressing or who do a brief check and a couple swipes with the float without sedating the horse," Connally says.

“The equine dentists who want you to have the horse done twice a year are often the ones who don’t have any other way of making a living and all they do is float teeth,” he says.

Some equine dentists don’t use sedation, which makes it difficult to really see what’s happening in the mouth, Connally said.

Not all states require equine dentists to be licensed veterinarians, but some do. Vet schools are starting to put

}}A horse’s survival depends on its teeth, so making sure they’re well-maintained is an important part of good horse ownership.

However she also suggests keeping in mind that not all veterinarians are comfortable with equine dentistry. “Just like any other type of medicine, each veterinarian has his/her own comfort level in what

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Some veterinarians don’t like to do dental work. When you are calling around to different veterinary clinics, check to see what they prefer doing,” she says.

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However, non-veterinarians can’t legally sedate the horse, and there’s also the issue of insurance, said Shutter.

“If something were to go wrong while they are working on your horse, there is no malpractice insurance and no veterinarian backing them up.

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Butler Professional Farrier School LLC's business model is based on the spelling of farrier:

F A R R

Foot skill

Anatomy skill

Respect the horse Respect the client

I

Iron and forge work

E R

Economic Business Responsibility for Health

The

Best the in

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Business

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N

}}Dr. Doug Butler, along with two of his five children, Jake, pictured, and Pete, operates Butler Professional Farrier School in Crawford, Nebraska.

Butler Professional Farrier School

attracts students worldwide }}Students work on very even-tempered school horses as well as potentially more-lively outside horses, offering them real scenarios they may encounter in their business.

STORY AND PHOTOS BY SAVANNA SIMMONS

orway, Israel, South America, Australia, Korea, Sweden, Iceland, South Africa, Ireland, New Zealand.

Farrier students from each of these countries have traveled to Crawford, Nebraska, to attend Butler Professional Farrier School, LLC. The business is owned

and operated by three Butlers, Dr. Doug Butler and two of his seven children, Jake and Pete. They all live on the premises with their families. The school near Crawford is not the only focus of the business; they also produce textbooks, podcasts, DVDs, and anatomical study aids, as well as an online portion of the school. They focus on teaching their students not just how to shoe horses, but also how to run the business of being a farrier—including customer service and the numbers part.

Butler Professional Farrier School was born in 2006 upon locating and purchasing what they consider the ideal location for their school: a former cutting and horse training facility east of Crawford.

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“We looked at a lot of places before we came here.

Coming to this place was very much, we feel like, the design of the heavens. With this place, we can work in all kinds of weather; it is somewhere we could grow some feed for our animals, and we have room for our students,” Doug said. “We knew we wanted to have our own horses. A lot of schools work on dead feet or no feet, they just do theory, or they go out and have a big business where they travel around and do people’s horses. I always thought that was pretty risky, and if I was a horse owner, I wouldn’t particularly like that.

Having this place allows us to use our own horses.”

The facility didn’t need a lot of changes for what the Butlers wanted to do.

“The barn was all built this way, we just kind of modified it in a few small ways, but not very much, so we can have horses on site,” Jake said. “In the way the building is structured, the students can stay here on site if they want, so they don’t have to commute back and forth. In a lot of ways, it’s kind of handy because there are fewer distractions with being out in the country, so they can focus on their education while they’re here.”

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Outside horses are also welcome to be trimmed and shod, and horse owners need not worry about the quality of the students’ work. They are constantly monitored and are learning from some of the best teachers in the nation.

“It does take a little bit longer [for students to work on horses]. I try to emphasize that when people call; they usually have to wait. That’s the one disadvantage,” Jake said. “We also give them the option, do you want students to work on them or an instructor? Occasionally we do get a request for an instructor, but most of the people have the students work on them. They are supervised, they’re not left alone and fending for themselves. They’re learning and having that experience, but what a good thing for them to do because they’ll get better, but also they’re being supervised and managed.”

Working on outside horses replicates what students might actually experience working in the farrier business. One of the sayings of Butler Professional

Farrier School, Jake said, laughing, is that they are working on live horses, but some are more lively than others. Students may also have to take into consideration more sore or arthritic horses and how to accommodate their needs.

Jake and Pete alternate teaching material, both usually teaching throughout the day, and Doug steps in when it suits him.

He is semi-retired, Jake said, but still very involved in the business, especially since he lives in the apartment above the barn.

Class sizes generally range from six to eight, allowing for plenty of one-on-one instruction and hands-on opportunities. The morning begins with classroom work, which often yields homework, then they move into working on horses daily and often forge work as well.

“We have homework every night. We want them to learn theory; that’s how you learn it, you have to study,” Doug said.

“Everyday, they work on a horse in some way, and everyday, they work in the forge and that way, in a very short amount of time, we can cram more into them.

That way we don’t waste anybody’s time.”

Students of Butler Farrier School know they are learning from the very best, since they are being taught by authors of farrier textbooks used in colleges and farrier schools throughout the nation.

“Everyday, they work on a horse in some way, and everyday, they work in the forge and that way, in a very short amount of time, we can cram more into them. That way we don’t waste anybody’s time.”

– Dr. Doug Butler

}}Monte Wisseman, of Lusk, Wyoming, works in one of many forge stations set up in stalls of the former horse training facility.

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“The instructors here are, in my opinion, just top-notch guys. The textbook that they wrote is used by a lot of these other schools, so I thought, ‘Well, what better than to go to the source,’” said Tyler Lawson, a 2017 Butler Professional Farrier student from Garrett, Wyoming. “I used that same textbook when I was in college for some classes I took.”

There was a period of time, Doug said, in which horse numbers in the United States dwindled with the evolution of the automobile. Knowledge of the care of horses, including farrier work, went by the wayside as well.

“Taking care of them, that knowledge was lost. I went back and resurrected it, so to speak,” he said. “I searched the old books and learned all I could by traveling the country, and I put together a first book in 1965. That was just a very small pamphlet, then I put it into a book, Principles of Horseshoeing in 1974, when I was a student at Cornell. The next edition was in 1985, then this one 2004.”

Essential Principles of Horseshoeing was added to the library in 2012. That book is also used in the classroom, though it is primarily used with the online portion, which is introduced in the weeks leading up to students’ arrival. “They get some of the vocabulary, terminology, and anatomy started before they actually arrive, so they hit the ground running, so to speak,” said Jake.

Classes are offered in 12-week intervals, though students may do the first six weeks if that better suits their needs, then return to finish the second six-week session later.

“We’ve had people come from all over.

We had two guys come from Israel and they stayed for the full 12 weeks, which is kind of natural in that aspect. They wouldn’t be able to break it up and come for two different periods at a time,” Jake said. “Usually we leave it up to the individual as to what’s best for them.”

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}}Tyler Lawson, of Garrett, Wyoming, perfects his iron work as Jake Butler, far left, consults with another student.

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}}Tyler Lawson, of Garrett, Wyoming, bends low over his work. One of Doug's favorite sayings about the hard job of a farrier is, "Cowboy Up. No one is going to come do it for you."

Doug, Jake, and Pete take a break from classes for a period in the summer to allow for family time, for instance this summer’s celebration is Doug and Marsha’s 50th wedding anniversary. Thanksgiving through New Years is left open for family and holiday celebrations as well.

Each of the Butlers has worked as a farrier, taught in varying institutions, and acquired degrees that add to their credibility. “They haven’t all been in the same place their whole lives. Each one of them has gone and done their own schooling or gone and shod in different parts of the world, so they have a really well-rounded perspective of the farrier business,” Lawson said. “Dr. Butler has been all over the world and done just about any kind of shoeing you can imagine. Pete went clear to Mongolia for a few years to study their ways of doing things. Having that vast and collective knowledge is wonderful to be able to learn from.”

Doug holds the highest regard a farrier can: a Fellowship with Worshipful Company of Farriers, an English company established in 1356.

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}}Tyler Lawson, of Garrett, Wyoming, works on one of Butler Professional Farrier School's own horses. Being able to keep horses on-site was a factor that helped the Butlers choose their Crawford, Nebraska, facility.

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Each of the Butlers has worked as a farrier, taught in varying institutions, and acquired degrees that add to their credibility.

}}Students of Butler Farrier School study ironwork and forgery daily under the tutelage of the Doug, Jake (pictured), and Pete Butler.

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“They examine people at various levels, the highest is what’s called Fellowship. I have taken that exam and passed it. Only 150 people since 1356 had passed that exam,” Doug said. “Several Americans have gone over and taken it since I have, I was the first. Jacob has also been doing that. You have to be able to make shoes, understand anatomy and explain it, have to be able to give an impromptu speech in front of the examiners on any subject they choose, and have to be able to shoe a horse in any way they suggest. Of course, they’re trying to determine if you really know what you’re talking about so the examination is really difficult. I found it as difficult or more difficult than my PhD exam because it has a practical component.”

“They’re all very professional and very competent,” student Monte Wisseman said of the Butlers. “They have a lot of life experience to share, a lot of life stories, firsthand experience to share. I would very much recommend this school to anybody.”

}}Jake Butler, pictured at right, as well as his dad Doug and brother Pete, believe in a very hands-on approach. Students of Butler Farrier School work on live horses daily. Bentley the dog can be found wherever Jake Butler may be.

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First, do no harm How to help your horse (and your vet) when your horse gets hurt

W

BY MONICA GOKEY

hen Dr. Gary McEntyre of Airway Veterinary Hospital in Colorado Springs, Colo., gets a call from a frantic horse owner, he asks for vital signs from the get-go.

“What’s the pulse? What’s the temperature? That gives you a start on diagnosis,” Dr. McEntyre says. So it’s helpful if the horse owner has a stethoscope and thermometer on hand, and knows how to use them.

He adds that it’s especially important to take those vitals before administering treatment. Banamine, for example, is a useful painkiller–but

it can mask a horse’s symptoms by lowering their body temperature and slowing their heartbeat, making a horse’s condition seem more stable than it may actually be.

Horse owners are likely to see a myriad of different ailments and injuries in their lifetimes.

Two veterinarians, Dr. McEntyre of Colorado and Dr. Drew Hummel

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BASIC EQUINE FIRST AID KIT + non-stick wound dressings + cotton dressings + antiseptic solution (like iodine or Betadine) + wound spray or salve (like Vetricyn or Nitrofurazone ointment) + bandaging tape (like Vetrap, or even an Ace bandage) + diapers or maxi-pad for wound dressings + a pair of blunt-tipped scissors for changing dressings + plastic gloves + thermometer + stethoscope

Other items to consider: Banamine paste for pain relief and anti-inflammation; an oral antibiotic like SMZ tablets or Sulfa pills; rehydration salts; and sutures, if you’re comfortable using them and will be away from vet care.

Dr. Drew Hummel suggests keeping a basic first aid kit in your saddlebags, with a more comprehensive one at the barn or in the trailer.

Every horse owner has a different level of comfort and expertise treating equine injuries. When in doubt, seek advice from a trusted veterinarian.

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of Owyhee Vet Clinic in Homedale, Idaho, weigh in on how to handle some of the more common problems they field questions on.

Wound Care Dr. McEntyre starts with a couple basic rules for wound care. “Wash it, clean it up. Use a disinfectant, like Betadine. Then you want to get a wrap on it and keep it moist.” Suturing a wound becomes much harder if a wound dries out, he adds.

Antibacterial ointments, salves and sprays can help keep infection at bay and keep a wound moist. Use them directly on the wound, and then dress open wounds with cotton dressings and bandaging tape.

Bandages should be snug, but not too tight.

A lot of bandaging tape, like Vetrap, has wrinkles. Dr. Hummel suggests pulling the tape until the wrinkles nearly disappear, then laying it on.

Wounds over a joint tend to be more serious, and are often worth a call to the vet.

“When a horse sets up a joint infection in their leg, they go profoundly lame–like threelegged lame,” Dr. Hummel explains. A vet will often be more aggressive with antibiotic use from the get-go when treating a wound over a joint.

Most wound care involves simply keeping the wound clean. However, for some wounds that can’t be sutured, the body can get a little carried away with healing itself.

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Dr. Ramey says a good rule of thumb is to put anything you want on a wound, as long as you wouldn’t mind putting it in your eye...

In vet-speak it’s called exuberant granulation tissue, but most horse owners just know it as proud flesh–or, more importantly, something to avoid.

Dr. McEntyre says horse owners should especially keep an eye out for proud flesh when tending leg injuries below a horse’s knees or hocks.

Granulation tissue is important for healing wounds that aren’t covered by skin, but when granulation tissue grows beyond the edges of the wound, it becomes proud flesh. It often looks reddish and lumpy.

“There’s not much soft tissue to cover up those areas,” he adds, which makes them hot spots for proud flesh growth.

Dr. David Ramey, an equine practitioner who also writes extensively about horse health, says on his blog that once the wound is filled up with granulation tissue, keeping a bandage on it will help prevent proud flesh from forming. A corticosteroid ointment can also help because it keeps granulation tissue from growing, but can slow the healing process, so consult with your vet before taking this step.

Ramey says a good rule of thumb is to put anything you want on a wound, as long as you wouldn’t mind putting it in your eye, so for the most part stick to keeping it clean with water and applying vet-approved ointments.

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Treatment involves cutting excess granulation tissue from the wound.

Dr. McEntyre says he typically tries to debulk proud flesh until it’s back to skin level, usually a job for a veterinarian. Then the healing process resumes.

Left untreated, residual scarring from proud flesh can impede movement, especially if the original injury was over a joint.

Treat lower-leg wounds judiciously by cleaning them, preventing infection, and using bandages appropriately. When in doubt, call your veterinarian.

Hoof Injuries Puncture wounds in the foot, like stepping on a nail or a fence staple, can be serious.

If a nail is lodged all the way into a horse’s foot, Dr. Hummel suggests leaving it and having a vet do the removal. “If it’s going to cause the horse more trauma if they put down their foot, then take it out,” he adds.

Dr. McEntyre says the next step is to protect the hoof from infection. “You should try to flush the wound with Betadine or iodine if you have it,” he says.

Throwing a shoe is another cause of hoof injury. “Some can become very lame, very fast,” Dr. Hummel says. He suggest carrying an extra hoof boot if you’re planning to be in the backcountry for long stretches at a time.

Colic Colic is the cause of some of the most fraught calls to veterinarians – but it’s also an ambiguous term to most horse owners, who associate colic with a twisted gut.

“Colic is simply abdominal pain. It doesn’t always mean an intestinal problem,” Dr. Hummel says.

“Horses will go off feed, off water,” Dr. Hummel explains.

“They may look at their abdomen, or stretch all the way out like they’re trying to pee.

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EQUINE VITAL SIGNS Pulse. Feel for an arteri-

al pulse under your horse’s jawbone. When you find the rhythm, set a timer for 60 seconds. Count the number of pulses. Knowing what’s normal for your horse before illness or injury will help you know when something’s wrong. You can also locate a pulse using a stethoscope, with practice.

Respirations. Place a

Respiration rate can vary depending on a horse’s activity or stress level, but generally, 8-15 breaths per minute is normal.

Temperature. A normal temperature in an adult horse is typically in the 99-101-degree F range. Temperatures taken rectally are the most accurate. Gently insert a thermometer into the horse’s rectum and wait for a reading.

hand on your horse’s ribcage or belly. Count the number of inhalations for one minute.

They’ll check their sides. They’ll roll.” Those are general symptoms of discomfort.

Dr. Hummel advises using an analgesic like Banamine to ease the pain, and taking the horse off feed for at least 12-24 hours. “All the gas and feed needs to move through them without more food in there,” he says, but notes that horses should always have access to water.

Dr. McEntyre suggests keeping a horse up and walking, while mulling questions like, “Is the horse in more pain? Or does he seem to be feeling better? When did this start? Have I changed his feed lately?” That knowledge can all be helpful in the event a vet is called.

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Mucous membranes.

When you lift the upper lip of a healthy horse, it should appear moist and soft pink – about the same color of your thumbnail. Push your thumb against the horse’s gum until it turns white, then release. It should take 1-2 seconds for the gums to return to their original color. This is called capillary refill, and it can be helpful in assessing circulation. Training your horse to accept having its mouth handled will be helpful before performing this test.

For equine first-aid trainer Theresa Allen, choke is a less common ailment that hits uncommonly close to home. She describes it like this: “You can see [a horse] trying to cough something up.

They’re straining their neck. Their mouths are open, but they can’t vomit. Sometimes you can actually see a lump on the left side of the neck – like if they’ve swallowed an apple whole, for example,” Allen explains.

A couple weeks after teaching a first-aid clinic, Allen heard from one of her students who ran a boarding barn.

One of the boarders was distraught her horse was colicing. She called the manager right away, who recognized

Gut sounds. Use a stetho-

scope to listen to the area around a horse’s barrel, behind the ribs. Gurgling and rumbling noises are normal. The absence of gut sounds can be indicative of a problem. (Fun fact: By their scientific name, gut sounds are aptly called borborygmi, pronounced BOR-burr-ig-MY, which has the ring of a gut sound when you say it out loud.)

it immediately as choke. They were able to pass what the horse was choking on, saving the barn a vet call and preventing further distress to horse and owner.

Horses are going to get hurt, and sometimes you can help them, and sometimes you can't. However, preparedness and a basic grasp of equine first aid can help prevent small injuries from ballooning into big ones.

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BY RACHEL SPENCER

Getting out: planning for an A HORSE OWNER’S GUIDE TO

evacuation K

ali Benson knows firsthand how challenging and stressful evacuating horses can potentially be as an emergency bears down upon horsemen. Benson, originally from New Mexico, is now serving Elbert County (Colo.) as a Colorado State University Extension agent.

“We were more out on the mesa in New Mexico and would have fires from time to time,” she said.

“We would go in, help load, evacuate, and help people shelter in a new place.”

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In her experience, some of the simplest questions that horse owners can ask themselves are among the most vital. Knowing whether the horses will load in a trailer readily and knowing

}}A fence post smolders after early spring fires in Colorado.

PHOTO BY RYAN KANODE

TRI-STATE LIVESTOCK NEWS

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59

}}

Keeping hay, straw, and other fuels away from structures can help prevent fire losses and ease evacuation efforts for horse and livestock owners.

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NOTE: Please bring your catalog to the sale as supplies are limited

FOR MORE INFORMATION: DAVE HERMANSON 701-400-8188 KIST LIVESTOCK AUCTION 701-663-9573 • Mandan, ND 1715 40th Ave. SE Exit 156 on I-94 to Memorial Hwy kistlivestock@yahoo.com kistlivestockauction.com

whether a trailer and vehicle are readily available and road-worthy are her first questions. For many horse owners, horses are used frequently and loading is a daily activity. However, that’s not the case for some.

be accessed and driven and, if not, formulate a back-up plan. In such times, it’s crucial to ensure that vehicles are maintained and in good condition so a tire blow out won’t further hamper efforts.

“I can’t tell you how many people I see that have horses and don’t have a trailer or they aren’t able to drive the trailer or have horses and they don’t load into a trailer,” she said.

“In terms of planning for potential fires, landscape is important in having some defensive zones around your property to help mitigate how close that fire might get,” she said. “If it’s something like a barn fire, trying to keep fire safe zones so fuels like hay and straw are separated from the horses’ entrance and exit is important.”

Loading and driving trailers are both activities that can quickly become even more difficult under the stress of an emergency that necessitates evacuation. Maintaining composure, Benson said, is difficult in an emergency but can help make an evacuation successful.

In times when evacuations might be more likely, for example during high fire danger times, Benson said horse owners should determine whether they have a trailer that can

Emergencies run the gamut of possibility and planning can be difficult but some prep work can pay off no matter what type of emergency sparks an evacuation.

“In the trailer, have photos of all of your horses, hauling papers, contact information, descriptions of what the horse looks like, so if they’re loose or

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61

picked up by someone else, you can find them,” she said.

Corey Sloan, Deputy Emergency Management Director, Harrison County (Missouri) Emergency Management, agrees that information is often the best plan for preparing for the unexpected.

Emergency personnel need horse and livestock owners to have accurate inventories of livestock as well as any hazardous or flammable materials on the farm or ranch. Often challenging in wildfire situations in which the fires

move quickly, Sloan suggests having knowledgeable personnel available outside of the immediately affected area that can assist in evacuation of livestock if time permits.

Other information and items to gather prior to an emergency include livestock identification and management records, basic handling equipment, medications, feed, and ensuring that emergency items are in each vehicle.

“They recommend using a Sharpie marker to write a contact number on

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Sometimes bystander traffic is an obstacle for emergency responders trying to do their jobs, and people trying to evacuate. If you are evacuating, get out the way as soon as possible, and if you don’t need to be in an area affected by an emergency, steer clear.

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63

the horses’ hoof or hide,” she said. “A paint stick also works, an engraved halter with contact information, a luggage tag braided into a horse’s mane can work. There are steps people can take.”

If an evacuation is not possible, Colorado State University urges owners not to leave horses confined in stalls, barns, or pastures. Once out of confined areas, it is important to close gates so the horses do not return to the familiar areas and succumb to the fire. Additionally, horses may not react as they typically might under such a

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stressful event and bearing in mind human safety is paramount.

After evacuation, the question of shelter in a new location arises and must be determined quickly. In many cases, the local fairgrounds will be made available.

Many states also have disaster readiness teams to serve counties or regions.

A call to local extension offices can also guide horse owners to various resources and even, in some cases, help owners formulate a plan. Local veterinarians and the state veterinarian can also be excellent resources.

Crews work to battle a wildfire that burned portions of northeastern Colorado earlier in 2017.

Cattle and horses were killed and displaced and hay was among the fuels firefighters had to battle.

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HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

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After evacuation, the question of shelter in a new location arises and must be determined quickly.

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Terry Fankhauser, executive vice president of the Colorado Cattleman’s Association, said groups can work closely with the state veterinarian to ease the burden on owners and help emergency responders better help horse and livestock owners.

The CCA responded to fires in Chaffee County, in the high country, where Fankhauser said fires burn slowly and for a longer period than on the eastern Plains and other Plains states.

Response to a fire in that area can be working with the state veterinarian and other agencies to gain access to areas to check on and feed livestock.

Once out of confined areas, it is important to close gates so the horses do not return to the familiar areas and succumb to the fire.

Once an emergency is discovered, Benton urges horse owners to act quickly and use the previously determined plan as much as possible to ensure safe evacuation so that human life and safety is not in danger.

“This is truly one of those things you have to think about before it happens,” said Benson.

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18th Annual

Dakota Breeders Classic Quarter Horse Production Sale September 8, 2017 Friday, 6 PM CDT

Mobridge Livestock Market – Mobridge S.D. Offering an outstanding selection of performance bred prospects from Five Arrow Quarter Horses and Broken Heart Ranch along with guest consignors Eszlinger Ranch and others.

For more information & catalogs contact Darrell Schlepp - 605-850-8995 | fivearrow@westriv.com or Chad & Gary Pederson - 605-865-3190 | bhrredangus@lakotanetwork.com Catalogs can be viewed at www.fivearrow.com, www.pedersonbhr.com & on facebook.

Sale will be live at www.cattleusa.com TRI-STATE LIVESTOCK NEWS

HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

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BY CURTIS DOUBET

TIPS FOR

Horse Judging

Success H

}}Participants evaluate a haltered horse class at the National Contest. PHOTO BY AMELIA KING.

orse judging is a favorite past time of many across the country. A high-

ly competitive and intense activity that can demand the absolute most out of individuals and teams alike. Focus, practice, and a passion for excellence are all drivers for success when 4-H and FFA members walk in to the arena for a chance to be high individual at a contest. Great evaluators keep it simple and stay disciplined in their approach.

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Kortney Bahem of Homedale, Idaho says that one of the biggest mistakes young evaluators make is focusing on the bad in each horse. Bahem was the High Individual Overall at the APHA Spring Sweepstakes as well as the High Individual Overall at the Quarter Horse World Show and said, “It is important to focus on the good of each horse and try not to make the class tougher than it needs to be.”

Amelia King of Huntsville, Texas agrees with Bahem’s statement and said, “4-H and FFA horse judgers should first begin with the basics of staying positive and logical within each class.” King was a member of the Reserve Congress and World Champion horse judging team as well as Champion team at the Arabian Nationals for Colorado State University before becoming the head horse judging coach at Sam Houston State University.

“Regardless of judging halter or performance horses, individuals must stay disciplined to evaluation techniques and not simply throw away a horse because they are only focused on the problems,” Bahem said. Despite some of the amazing horses shown and exhibited, the perfect horse has never been made. “Remember not to nitpick and bottom horses based on minor holes,” King said, “because every horse has a fault if you stare at them long enough.”

Therefore, it is important to stay grounded within each class and realize that all you are asked

}}A class of performance horses being evaluated by officials. PHOTO BY AMELIA KING.

to do as an evaluator is simply place the class. You are not asked to buy them, sell them, or breed them.

Simply to judge them for what they are. “Don’t go on a witch hunt and out-think yourself, just evaluate the class as a whole and find the good in each horse,” Bahem said.

Both Bahem and King offer specific evaluation techniques when judging haltered classes. “I see too many kids getting too close to the horses when they evaluate a haltered class,” Bahem said.

Stay off the horses; the father back you are the more you will see and the easier it will be to evaluate the entire class.” The closer an evaluator stands to an individual horse, the harder it is to see everything the horse has to offer.

“Your eye should be drawn first to their topline; think proportion, length and strength with how that correlates to the overall picture,” King said. First impressions will inform your decisions, so spend the time to make sure you have an accurate first impression.

“In halter classes, make sure you move up and down the line while gathering your first impression based on balance, structural correctness, breed characteristics and muscling,” King said. “After you form your initial impression of the class and have a rough idea of your placing, then go back and study the closer pairs, reading deeper in to each horse.”

Bahem stressed location when the horses are asked to walk or trot when she said, “Standing on the corners of the square are a must to get a clear and unobstructed TRI-STATE LIVESTOCK NEWS

HORSE ROUNDUP 2017

73

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6 T 1-8 Scored classes are a little different from haltered classes and there are some additional things to consider. King said, “You must always consider the overall run quality and not simply the final score because most officials take minor penalties in separate ways if there are two closely scored runs. Rank the maneuvers based on difficulty while always watching for direction, number of turns and non-riding hand placement.” These scored and performance classes are evaluated for different things, but the approach of seeing the whole class and being open minded is still crucial.

Rail classes are different yet. “When judging rail classes, direct your eye to just below the riders’ heel so that you can focus on watching leg movement while still checking frame and overall

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attitude,” King said. Rail classes can often offer extra challenge for beginners because of the speed and quickness of the classes. “Train yourself to write without looking down, rail classes run quickly so always keep your eyes up,” said King.

“Train yourself to write without looking down, rail classes run quickly so always keep your eyes up,” said King.

When it comes to reasons, the best advice for 4-H and FFA horse judgers is to be accurate and tell the truth. Bahem was undefeated in oral reasons at the collegiate level. “I always tried to be as honest as possible in the reasons room. Respect the good in each horse, but don’t be afraid to occasionally criticize because honesty is always refreshing when scoring reasons,” said Bahem.

An excellent set of reasons begins with confidence in a good placing however. While at the class, focus on coming up with a placing before worrying too much

about what you are going to say in the reasons room. If you are only focused on the reasons portion of a class, you may end up misplacing the class. It becomes really tough to score well in reasons when you have misplaced the class.

Both Bahem and King offered their take on keys to success. “If you trust in yourself and have confidence in your ability, then success will follow,” said Bahem. Evaluators and judges will always have certain personal preferences that may vary from one another so you may not always get the perfect score even if you give it your best. At the end of the day though, your best is all you can ask of yourself. “Just don’t second guess yourself and trust in your coaching,” King said.

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75

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25TH ANNUAL

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Trade office releases docu A5 ment’s text to the public B1

ANGUS ASSOCIATION

Organization names Texa s native its new leader

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TEACHING OF THE HORSES

UW equine program seek s to expand opportunities

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OUTSIDE CIRCLE Sad news come s as Wyoming horse breeder passes away

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A PUBLICATION OF

By Carrie Stadh eim Editor

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Think smar t, not more work

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Veteran Salute: Richard Palczewski

The only one of four brothe “see action” rs to in ard Palczewski,World War II, Richbackground gave91, said his ranch in the U.S. Navy. him an advantage “I got to run and I only had this landing craft ucation.” Palczean eighth grade edwski said whenhe menti oned his limited education to one of his superiors, the respo nse was “I know, but you have common sense.”

Palczewski One brother, Carl, also served the second Worldin the Navy during left home soil, War but he never chanic station working as a meed in Palczewski spent Florida. his young years helping his family on the ranch west of Haley, North farmin the extrem Dakot e southwest corner a the state. of At the age of to herd sheep twelve, he was hired for of Ralph, South a big outfit south Dakota.

“I was suppo sed ling ewes away to keep the yearfrom the lambi ewes. I didn’t ng have a horse or a dog, just my feet.” lar per day plusThe job paid a dolMeals, Palcze “room and board.” wski said, consis ted

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Selling

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WE REMEMBER

l soon.

Lako ta Triba The Oglal a June 11, 2013, Council voted ance 13-21, that to adopt Ordin 1,000 head of uce the would introd South Unit of buffalo to the nal park, part of

By Amanda Radke Badlands natio Indian Reserfor Tri-State Livest A quick snapsh ock News ot of current the Pine Ridge Unit is manScott says 400 pound steers prices at press time, the vation. The South cwt; 500 pound are bringing ership with $260-275/ lose to 3,500 steers are $220-2 aged in partnService (NPS). pound steers 40/cwt; and 600 are $205-220, moved throu calves the National Park respectively. ted “We are just direc gh the That ordinance Affairs to nosale ring at at the sale barn,getting started on our fall n calf run Herr and India our peak will eid and Decem grazBureau of Live stock be in November ber,” he said. who held the Auct ion the cow-ca “Things are pretty (HLA) on Octo tify ranchers lf guy

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Volume 53 • Issue 44

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By Maria Tussin r Assistant Edito the South Unit Ranchers in are National Park of Badlands . Their sigh of relief by breathing a be replaced e not cattle will buffalo anytim tribally-owned

FARM MINUTE

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A brand that lasts

In memoria

How much is too much?

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rs Tribal ranche regain South Unit leases on Badlands

Progr dent of Beef

ROUNDUP IN THE SKY

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Saturday, Novem

aude Hamilton-M

By Heather ock News for Tri-State Livest cers, states produ ® For western Stock Show Hills are the Black chance to compnew (BHSS) is a bly buy a chute s, possi and price bulls. ng geldi ranch that typically It’s a social eventess transaction includes a busin for those on the ver, , or two. Howe the vendor table other side of show stick, it is or saddle horn to engage with an opportunity while community the ranching eting in one comp or in attending ier stock shows of the prem is the country. ing customer “The ranch and of the BHSS, the foundation I’m involved in it’s the only deal that kind of meet can I r where horse traine customer,” said mers custo r. “The evJamie Stove your rancher, at BHSS are types who have oy eryday cowb they breed each 10 or so mares horse pick a stud to year. If they it’s mares, to use on thoses a really nice raise themselve

tion to give es new evalua lls Genex launch fertility of bu on ta da s er produc heim, Editor . migh havoc on “Open!” unced open little more oftenis. the mostWhen prono ultrasound doing it a bull, that It is perhaps -lett er or Blaming the is by the vet him, dedrea ded fouruage of technician, often the cowShe Or maybe thanking dual. was thin. on the indivi word in the lang e pending blamed. “She x recently decalving. Mayb t In fact Gene had trouble ranching. program didn’ rch up she t resea a and veloped much Ran king righ sale she’s racist mine just how bull bull like that bull.” were bred to deter t the there with blame or credi When cows ping day, day and ship her preg- using artificial inseminad take. le al- shoul ex is pleas ed to the day a ranc can be tion, the list of possib “Gen heck, the first even longer. nancy tests ibis becomes was bad that launch PregC most evaluation in ’s ity er year fertil “The weath on sire one of the said Brad she slipped beef industry,” day. I think was loud the on, the company’s Beef stressful. e profit ice. The help Johns A ranch’s entir on the the spooked the cattle. I Product Development Mans and of potential relie cows to think we got a bad batchwas ager. put a lot of “Genex has ability of the raise a semen. The techn” ician to 18 The list the last 12 and ced... in erien uce effort prod r fertility back inexp be endless. hs to gathe could calf, then come times do mont get pregBut how many ity of the into heat and a short fertil in we blame the nant again . bull?

Genex on Page A2 Presi See time of Vice d perio Asso ciate e but any ams with

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Advertisers’ Index APT Technologies..................................................................................... 75 AQHA Region 2......................................................................................... 10 Assman Implement................................................................................. 33 Billings Horse Sale.................................................................................... 24 Black Hills Equine Productions, LLC ................................................. 21 Blaine Krogman.........................................................................................64 Bridger Steel...............................................................................................34 Butte Co Equipment................................................................................ 25 Dakota Breeders Classic.........................................................................69 Faith Livestock Comm Co.....................................................................46 Farmers & Ranchers Livestock............................................................68 Frenchmans Quarter Horses...................................................................3 Frontier Motors Automotive Group...................................................31 Fulton Performance Horses................................................Back Cover Hersruds of Sturgis..............................................................................5, 72 High Plains Genetics...............................................................................56 Hunt Ranch Quarter Horses................................................................70 Hutchison Western..................................................................................78 Jamison Herefords & Quarter Horses................ Inside Back Cover Jenner Equipment.............................................................................29, 43 K R Rauch Co...............................................................................................15 Kennedy Implement........................................................................ 13, 62 Kist Livestock - Horse Sale.................................................................. 60 Lazy JS Ranch............................................................................................. 74

Liechty Homes.......................................................................................... 23 Lindskov Implement................................................................................ 17 Long Pines Land & Livestock................................................................77 Lopez & Meyer Quarter Horses.........................................................80 Lund Equine................................................................................................ 35 Metra RV...................................................................................................... 57 Myers Training Stables............................................Inside Front Cover Open Box Rafter Ranch......................................................................... 79 Pitzer Ranch...................................................................................................2 Platte Power Sports.................................................................................44 Powder River Quarter Horses.................................................................4 Ranchers Livestock Equipment.......................................................... 22 Rice Honda.....................................................................................................3 Rodeo Riggs LLC....................................................................................... 67 RQHBA..........................................................................................................16 Ruza Quarter Horses................................................................................. 8 Saint Onge Livestock Co.......................................................................65 Sugar Bars Legacy Horse Sale.............................................................66 The NILE....................................................................................................... 47 Weber Quarter Horses..............................................................................9 Wenzel Construction..............................................................................63 Willrodt Motors......................................................................................... 74 Winner Chamber.......................................................................................61 WYO Quarterhorse..................................................................................38

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