the Epic, Volume 58, Issue 4, February 6, 2023

Volume 58 Issue 4 | February 06, 2023

PA T

Lynbrook High School, 1280 Johnson Ave., San Jose, CA 95129

I T S O M I R GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION

BY CATHERINE ZHOU

Immigrant dream, American reality pg. 9 Toeing the line between patriotism and nationalism pg. 9 America’s influence through sports pg. 7

Immigration’s legacy: the Americanization of food pg. 12

Philanthropy won’t save us. Here’s why. pg. 7

Is America’s power far-reaching or overreaching? pg. 13

Incorporating patriotism in American education pg. 8

Common stereotypes about Americans lhsepic.com

Climate change causes extreme natural disasters in California

BY NICOLE GE AND RIKI MURASE

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rom dried reservoirs to flooded households, California’s volatile climate has significantly impacted communities throughout the state. Due to its unique geographical setting, California is highly susceptible to extreme shifts in climate, frequently resulting in natural disasters intensified by climate change. The consequences of these extreme patterns are reflected in communities struggling with the loss of shelter and food.

Since the 20th century, climate change has become more apparent as a significant factor in countless environmental hazards across the globe. It is among the most prominent issues in today’s sociopolitical environment due to its tremendous potential for worldchanging development.

story continues on pg. 14 || in-depth

Controversial chat about ChatGPT STAFF EDITORIAL: THE VOICE OF THE EPIC

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s the popularity of artificial intelligence chatbots has risen, so too have concerns surrounding the ethics and risks of AI’s presence in educational environments.

Created by OpenAI, an artificial intelligence research nonprofit, ChatGPT is an AI chatbot capable of generating humanlike text, working computer code and more in a wide range of styles and lengths. The possibilities are seemingly endless — as are the ethical concerns that have plagued the platform since its launch in November 2022. For classrooms in particular, ChatGPT’s implications require both students and teachers to learn to utilize it as an educational tool, working with and not against the technology.

story continues on pg. 4 || opinion

Sections News: pg. 2-3

Opinion: pg. 4-5 Features: pg. 11-12

In-Depth: pg. 13-14 Sports: pg. 15-16

Website: lhsepic.com Instagram: @lhs.epic

02

NEWS

the Epic

Clubs celebrate the Year of the Rabbit

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Valentine’s Bittergrams, Feb. 6-10 Buy “Bittergram” cards with sassy messages made by Vertigo members.

Grad Night Boosters “Got Sneakers” Fundraiser, Feb. 6-Mar. 31 Gently-used sneakers will be collected to keep them out of landfills and protect the environment.

Match-o-matics — Feb. 17 Students who meet their new friend matched by ASB can enjoy treats together.

President’s week break, Feb. 20-24 ArtReach Prom Corsage and Boutonniere sales, begins Feb. 9 $10-15 boutonnieres and corsages will be sold on lhsartreach.github.io.

End of Grading Period, March 3 Club Food Day, March 10 Purchase a fresh food and snacks in the quad to support club fundraising.

By Deeksha Raj Photo by Deeksha Raj

Letter from the Editors

BY ALYSSA WANG NCHS members fold and cut red paper as a symbol of good luck.

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elebrating the Lunar New Year has been a savored tradition of NCHS for years. As a club focused on Chinese culture, celebrating the new year and its traditions is integral. Last year, the club hosted a Chinese New Year potluck where members shared traditional dishes and treats. This year, officers instead taught members how to make traditional decorations and crafts in club meetings leading up to the special day.

Welcome to our first centerspread of the year surrounding patriotism! From sports diplomacy to the evolution in cultural cuisines, we’ve got it all covered. On pages 8 and 9, delve into the American education system and the American Dream from immigrants’ perspective.

Don’t forget about our usual coverage, either! Explore Lunar New Year traditions in News; uncover the implications of ChatGPT in Opinion; meet budding filmmakers and artists in Features; examine California’s climate crises In-Depth and learn about Lynbrook’s girls wrestling team in Sports.

At lhsepic.com, watch a video on teacher dynamic duos.

As always, we encourage you to submit Letters to the Editors, opinions on any published stories this year, and Guest Columns, articles focusing on your individual perspective, at lhsepic.com/submissions.

Selected submissions will be published on our paper and/or website.

We hope this issue incites meaningful conversations about American identity.

Saluting, Elizabeth Cheng & Amy Liu Editors-in-Chief

Students wrote a variety of wishes, including 福 (fú), meaning good fortune; 壽 (shòu), meaning longevity; and 健康 (jiànkāng), meaning health.

“Being able to make the 春 聯 (chūnlián) was fun and a new experience for me,” sophomore and NCHS member Alexis Luo said. “It was very interesting and informative, and I was able to keep mine and hang it up at home for the New Year.”

In a continuation of the festivities on Jan. 20, members cut red paper in intricate designs and assembled them into ornaments that represent vitality.

This craft is called 剪紙 (jiǎnzhǐ), which directly translates to “cutting paper” and is popularly used to decorate homes. Club members traced 春 (chūn), a character meaning spring, as the design for their ornaments to symbolize the beginning of spring and the new opportunities that come with it.

“All the members had fun, and it was a great chance for NCHS members to do some traditional Chinese activities,” sophomore and NCHS treasure Brigitte Au said. “It was nice that we were able to celebrate Chinese culture by displaying our projects in classrooms.”

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY CALVIN ZHOU

CSF and Artreach host booths at John Muir Elementary

BY EILEEN ZHU

O Dear Vikings,

“We wanted to try something else, and we thought that making decorations is much more of a learning opportunity and more hands on,” junior and NCHS officer Vivian Chen said. “It was nice that more people could actually participate rather than just come for food.”

On Jan. 13, members practiced brush calligraphy and made 春聯 (chūnlián), a traditional decoration of rectangular or diamond-shaped red paper with lucky Chinese idioms written in brush calligraphy. They are typically hung on doors or around door frames as a way to scare away the dangerous mythical dragon, 年獸 (nián shòu) and express wishes for the new year.

n Jan. 27, John Muir Elementary School held its first Lunar New Year Celebration fundraiser for the Chinese Language Immersion Program. Complete with a traditional lion dance, drum performances, craft and game booths and food trucks, it was a successful event that hundreds of students and parents attended.

“We were very happy that a lot of families came out to celebrate.

It’s a time of togetherness, family, friends and celebrating,” said Loretta Lu, director of John Muir’s Lunar New Year Celebration. “I hope the students can learn about the cultures and history of the fun games and activities to bring American and Chinese cultures together.”

CSF members ran the concession stand, where they sold traditional Chinese snacks like pineapple cake as well as general party staples such as chips and glow sticks.

“I really liked volunteering at John Muir because I remember attending similar events when I was younger at my elementary school, so it was nice to be a part of making the event happen for other kids,” junior Ava Tse said.

Artreach volunteers hosted two booths to teach John Muir students how to make traditional Chinese toys: Chinese rattle drums, used to make noise in rituals and music; and shuttlecocks or 毽子 (jiànzi), meant to be played by kicking it up with the player’s feet. The Chinese Rattle

Drum is a traditional percussion memories from this event.” instrument that originated in the Artreach also sold premade Song Dynasty and is now often 毽子 (jiànzi) for students who recreated in a miniature and simple wanted to play the game but did form. Although often used by street not want to make the shuttlecocks. vendors to make noise and attract the Through NCHS, ArtReach and attention of customers, they are more CSF, students at Lynbrook were commonly known as children’s toys. able to partake in this ancient At one booth, Artreach members holiday while immersing themselves led children in crafting their own rattle in Chinese culture. drums with mailing tubes, skewers, beads, string and cardstock paper. They glued cardstock and part of a mailing tube to form the drum body and used a skewer as the handle. The children then attached beads with string to either side of the drum body so that the beads hit alternating sides of the drum when the handle is spun, making the drumming noise.

At the second booth, members of Artreach taught students how to make their own shuttlecocks toys, or 毽子 (jiànzi). 毽子 (jiànzi) is a popular Chinese game from in the Han dynasty, meant to be played like hacky ArtReach volunteers teach kids to make traditional Chinese toys. sack. The longer children are able to keep the weighted shuttlecock in the air by juggling it with their feet, the better they are at the game.

“I really enjoyed helping the kids make the toys,” sophomore Qia Zhang said. “I hope they had a lot of fun and that they are able CSF runs a concession stand at John Muir’s Lunar New to take away good Year Celebration.

PHOTOS BY CHELSEA LEE AND EILEEN ZHU GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS BY ASHLEY HUANG

Lunar New Year Event, Feb. 6-10 A belated series of Lunar New Year celebrations will be hosted by ASB, National Chinese Honor Society and Japanese National Honor Society.

NCHS creates traditional lunar new year decorations

PHOTOS BY ALYSSA WANG GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS BY ASHLEY HUANG

Upcoming Viking Events

ed couplets, golden lanterns and firecrackers mark the beginning of Lunar New Year. Lynbrook clubs National Chinese Honor Society, ArtReach and California Scholarship Federation hosted various events to celebrate the popular holiday. By crafting traditional decorations and toys, they united students through Chinese culture.

Febuary 06, 2023

NEWS

03

Santa Clara County’s investment in mental health

BY AUDREY SUN

“These investments will position us to support more “The county allocates funds for projects committed to people getting connected to the resources and services they putting people into housing,” Santa Clara Vice Mayor Kevin ue to rising rates of suicide and drug overdoses, need when they need them most,” District Four Supervisor Park said. “An example of this is Project Homekey, the program Santa Clara County declared a mental health crisis as Susan Ellenberg told San José Spotlight. “Santa Clara County provides the homeless population with transitional housing.” of January 2022. In response, is serious about addressing this Along with the newly funded programs, the county made the county passed a bill on Jan. 10 public health crisis and will continue an effort to expand the 988 mental health crisis hotline to invest millions of dollars into to seek to maximize state funding by investing $1.3 million in their crisis centers. There are MILLION to add treatment beds at all levels.” currently 13 certified centers in Calif. for the 988 hotline, mental health programs, working to strengthen the overall community to continue residential Previously, the Santa Clara County and $20 million was given by the California Department of mental health support system. board did Health Care Services to support all treatment services and “I think the competitive culture not prioritize centers. In previous years, individuals other mental health alleviating the in the Bay Area contributes to requiring mental health support programs. the mental health crisis,” junior MILLION mental health would be referred to the 911 hotline Kaawon Kim said. “Students in issues arising for 38 new full-time job instead. However, with the recently the Bay Area are very result oriented and think mainly among residents and reduced the developed hotline, anyone in need can positions within mental connect with mental health experts about the big picture, which can be overwhelming.” number of hospital systems catering In the seven months following the declaration of the crisis, toward mental illnesses. Psychiatric health programs for and counselors to receive individual 106 residents were reported to have died by suicide and 188 and medical care facilities in the county families, seniors, the mental health guidance and resources. from drug overdose. As such, the crisis was finally addressed were closed, causing a significant “In 2021, additional funding was LGBTQ+ community and given to the hotline for them to open a this year after a recent Board of Supervisors meeting. increase in homelessness. As a growing $9.5 million was decided for the use of funding mental community that is often overlooked texting line so that people could have more. health programs including residential treatment services, by the county’s government, Santa another option to get help,” Park said. recovery centers and mental health service providers. Clara’s homeless population has long been struggling The county plans to continue monitoring Another $1.6 million went toward preventing people with with mental health. More than 40% of Santa Clara’s the 988 hotline and will add additional mental health illnesses from falling into homelessness. homeless population is in need of mental health support. funding to newly developed support programs.

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$9.5

$14

New year updates to minimum wages and taxes

BY ASHLEY HUANG

earning more than minimum wage.”

National income tax, which would n January, minimum wages be implemented if the Fair Tax Act increased across the Bay Area passes, would apply higher taxes to and the Fair Tax Act, which has goods and services and eliminate yet to be passed, was introduced. taxes for household income. This With these developments, household idea was first introduced in July incomes may dramatically change 1999 and has been re-proposed in the new year, with a notable to Congress every two years since. difference being that unemployed The bill introduced this year also students and parents will be taxed. provides households with a monthly After the enactment of Senate Bill check equal to 23% of the poverty Three on Jan. 1, local minimum wages threshold for their household size. increased. Furthermore, on Jan. 9, Rep. “An earlier version of the bill would Earl L. Carter introduced the Fair Tax increase the federal budget deficit by Act for Congress to vote on at a later $10.6 trillion over ten years,” Rep. Anna date. The act would replace federal Eshoo said. “In order to make up the income tax with a 30% national lost revenue from abolishing existing consumption tax and abolish the federal taxes, the proposed sales tax Internal Revenue Service tax would need to administrator and collector.

Richmond: $16.17 be 64% — more The regional Consumer than twice the Price Index measures the rate proposed in the Fair Tax Act.” monthly changes in consumer The potential update in income tax prices each year and the U.S. wages may impact student workers Bureau of Labor Statistics negatively determines the new and positively.

Oakland: $15.97 “As I’m earning barely Palo Alto: over minimum wage, income tax has $16.50 taken away a lot of money,” Hayward: $15.50 Penumudy said. minimum wage.

Based on the “It may not seem CPI, Cupertino’s GRAPHIC like a lot each ILLUSTRATION BY minimum wage time, but the amount MAPLE LEUNG increased by they take away adds up 4.87%, from by the end of the year.”

San Jose: $16.40 in 2022 to Opposers of the $17.00 $17.20 this year. bill state that the rich Similarly, San may be subject to less taxes and the tax burden Mtn. View: would be increased among Cupertino: households who aren’t $18.15 earning as much money. $17.20 Jose’s minimum wage Moreover, everyone is increased by 4.94%, subject to the national from $16.20 to $17.00. consumption tax, including Increases in wages Sunnyvale: people who do not earn income. that are higher than “Retired seniors would $17.95 minimum wage are up be particularly impacted to employers to decide. because they have paid “For students earning more than taxes on their incomes minimum wage, there should be a casefor their entire working lives by-case basis for who gets a raise,” said and will have to pay significantly junior Saketh Penumudy, who works higher prices,” Eshoo said. at Brighter Future Learning Center.

On the other hand, supporters “For example, students who work to of the bill argue that the amount help support family income should of consumption is correlated with get a boost in wages even if they are the amount of household income

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earned, and therefore, the tax burden would not change significantly for anyone. The bill’s intention is to allow workers to keep more of the money that they make and push forward the ideology of consuming less and saving more. However, since people without income would also need to pay national consumption tax if the bill is passed, opponents counter that it would increase the tax burden of 90% of taxpayers and benefit only the top 10% of households.

“When you work, you pay more attention to how income tax and wages can have huge impacts on the amount of money you actually bring home,” said sophomore Avani Khanvilkar, an employee at Saratoga Star Aquatics.

With the change in minimum wage in the Bay Area and the possibility of income tax being replaced with national consumption tax, student workers and households face looming and drastic changes in their paychecks.

04

OPINION

the Epic

BY INAAYA YOUSUF

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hat happens next?” is often the question lingering in viewers’ minds at the end of a movie. While best answered by viewers’ imagination, studios take it upon themselves to do so, corrupting the impact of the original film through sequels. Meant to be a chance to go back in time and dive back into a loved fictional world, sequels are instead usually a cash grab. Polluted by a lack of creativity in writing and underwhelming quality, they leave viewers dissatisfied, a phenomenon that affects even rough remakes and liveaction films.

People find comfort in familiarity, so when given a choice, viewers tend to choose to revisit old stories over new ones. Studios greenlight projects for their potential to turn a profit rather than their artistic merit, taking attention from original screenwriting.

Remakes and adaptations also make up much of this money-making scheme. The “Uncharted” movie with Tom Holland and Mark Wahlberg, was criticized for its inability to capture the essence of the original games.

Critics complained about the deviation from source materials and its failed attempt to bring the stakes in the original games to the film. These factors combined led to Rotten Tomatoes critics rating the movie a low 41%. The film failed to create a fulfilling

experience for viewers and demonstrates studios’ attempts to turn nostalgia into money.

“The idea is that [movie studios] have to make money, so the quality of the work ends up going down.” Drama teacher Larry Wenner said. “Few spin-offs are better than the original film or TV series.”

Another motivator for remakes is the reduced resource costs. World-building and character development are done for the sequel to build on, usually with a smaller budget. The problem with this, however, is it often leads to a disappointing product.

An example of this is Disney. In 2022, they made many remakes, such as the live-action Pinocchio, while creating new films, like Turning Red. Pinocchio disappointed, with 28% on Rotten Tomatoes, with audiences and critics agreeing on its less-thanmediocre score. Pinnochio’s inability to delve into the original’s themes took away from the story and filled the pockets of Disney’s executives while capitalizing on the viewer's nostalgia. Turning Red, on the other hand, took viewers on a mystical adventure with relatable characters that spoke to audiences worldwide. The movie scored 95% on Rotten Tomatoes and has been nominated for multiple Oscars. Of Disney's 2022 releases, the live-action Pinocchio and Turning Red highlight the studio's duality; both relying on nostalgia and taking creative risks.

A sequel should bring a new aspect while staying true to the original story or exploring characters and themes.

For instance, the release of “Top Gun Maverick,” considering the original film came out in 1986 and had no lto justify a sequel, was a shock to many. It pleasantly surprised viewers and is considered better than the original by many. From high critical acclaim to the $1.4 billion earned at the box office, Top Gun Maverick is proof that a sequel or any adaptation can come out well — if it can stand by itself and is well executed by studios.

“If a filmmaker has reason beyond just money to make a sequel or to revisit some story, then I don't see that as a problem.” senior Jonas Rindegard said.

The creation of sequels and remakes in Hollywood is a symptom of a larger problem: the lack of investment in original projects. Although new ideas are a financial risk to studios, as they cannot gauge whether viewers will enjoy the story as much as a sequel or remake, it is a risk worth taking. In the future, viewers can speak against Hollywood’s lazy filmmaking or its focus on watching independent films with creative storytelling.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY ANUSHKA ANAND

A controversial chat on ChatGPT Write a Staff Editorial for the Epic on ChatGPT...

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s the popularity of artificial intelligence chatbots has risen, so too have concerns surrounding the ethics and risks of AI’s presence in educational environments. Created by OpenAI, an artificial intelligence research nonprofit, ChatGPT is an AI chatbot capable of generating humanlike text, working computer code and more in a wide range of styles and lengths. The possibilities are seemingly endless will have to deal with that consequence.”

Programs designed specifically for detecting the — as are the ethical concerns that have plagued the platform since its launch in November 2022. For usage of AI chatbots have advanced alongside their classrooms in particular, ChatGPT’s implications counterparts as well, worked on not only by Silicon require both students and teachers to learn to utilize Valley giants such as Microsoft and Google, but it as an educational tool, working with and not against also by independent developers. One such example is GPTZero, a software created by Princeton the technology.

The main concern has been the potential for University senior Edward Tian. While not flawless, academic dishonesty as programs like ChatGPT it is currently one of the most popular and effective become increasingly popular. With a simple interface means of detecting ChatGPT. Turnitin has also been and responses capable of slipping past plagiarism working on integrating an AI detection system checkers, ChatGPT is not the first AI tool to help into its platform. In this cycle of advancement, the students seek shortcuts, but is currently one of the landscape of AI has fallen into an arms race where neither chatbots nor detectors hold the advantage most sophisticated and accessible.

“As we find that plagiarism tools get better at for long.

Across the nation, talks of outright bans of detection, we will be able to integrate ChatGPT in classrooms,” FUHSD Coordinator of Educational ChatGPT in schools have arisen but have seen little success. Banning use of Technology Menko Johnson said.

AI chatbots entirely is not the “But currently, we just can't answer — not if larger issues are overlook the elephant in the to be tackled. room.”

At the end of the day “I think blocking these sites With student dishonesty in ChatGPT is just a tool, altogether would miss the point,” the face of academic pressure and you need to teach English teacher Erin Levin said. being an ever-present issue, how to use any tool “Why would I use my mental some educators have reevaluated correctly. energy on trying to catch that on their teaching methods. For the backend? I would rather have instance, in lieu of at-home Anna Kirsh, that conversation on the frontend essays, teachers are considering English teacher with students.” more in-class timed writings With the emergence of or varying prompts. Similarly, resources like ChatGPT, it is teachers have adjusted the weight of assignments and tests in gradebooks to reflect up to students to consider their own integrity the risks of asynchronous work, hoping to dissuade and priorities regarding schoolwork. Educators can adjust their own methods, but students are students from taking shortcuts with ChatGPT. “There is such a thing as being a bad test taker, responsible for policing themselves. However, while and those students are really going to suffer as some it is important to warn students of the risks of teachers may elect to raise the weight of their test setting themselves up for failure by using ChatGPT category over time,” history teacher Luca Signore said. as a crutch, its potential uses as a constructive “Even the people who aren’t using ChatGPT to cheat educational tool should also be considered.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY LARRY WANG AND EMILY PEDROZA

Staff Editorial The Voice of the Epic

“As we continue to learn how to navigate this new technology, we’ll find ways to make sure it’s helping and not hurting students in their learning process,” English teacher Anna Kirsh said. “But at the end of the day, it’s just a tool, and you need to teach how to use any tool correctly.”

ChatGPT can be versatile and valuable in the classroom. Many believe it will become the new goto search engine, with personalized responses and explanations to specific prompts and summaries of complex topics. It may even have applications for some teachers, assisting with creating questions or discussion points. True to its name, ChatGPT can serve as a conversant for students improving their literacy in foreign languages or as a sparring partner for practicing debaters.

“There is a kind of an obsession with originality amongst some English teachers, which is unrealistic, both practically and philosophically,” English teacher David Clarke said. “What I'm more interested in is how students put together the information they have and higher order synthetic thinking.”

Even considering all its positive applications, ChatGPT is far from flawless. The software lacks the sophistication necessary to detect biases or misinformation in the data it pulls from the web, sometimes resulting in misleading or factually inaccurate responses — a downfall shared by any other online resource. Its replies to certain prompts also tend to become repetitive or generic.

“The further you get into school, the more intricate and detailed the work is, so the less ChatGPT can help out,” Vazirani said. “There are so many limitations.”

While helpful as a simple tool, ChatGPT’s replies are a bland collage of ideas, an algorithm's imitation of eloquence devoid of the passion and detail that characterizes human-produced work. At the end of the day, that is what ChatGPT should be: a tool, not a substitute for human creativity.

“As a teacher, I care very much about the emotional authenticity and the integrity of something you’re writing,” Levin said. “I'm excited about the opportunity that ChatGPT presents to revolutionize how teachers think about teaching, but more importantly, how students have to buy into what they’re doing.” the Epic voted 40-0 in favor of this stance.

Story written by the Epic staff and not generated by ChatGPT.

February 06, 2023

OPINION

05

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he popular saying that money can’t buy everything isn’t always true. Wealthy individuals have found a loophole in the rule, gaining advantages such as nepotism in employment and legacies in college admissions. Unknowingly, the world has built a system giving those with more wealth an unfair advantage. The wealthy should acknowledge their advantages instead of acting like they are self-made.

According to the National Broadcasting Company, the Bay Area is the eighth most expensive city to live in the U.S., surrounded by houses overvalued and inflated by millions of dollars. For much of the population, money is not scarce. In the last decade, the overall trend of wealth has increased, leading to the title of a “New Gilded Age” with wealth accumulation in the top 1%, surpassing the levels from the 1890s for the first time.In the Bay Area, with an increasing number of tech companies and innovations blooming, the average person’s income has increased, leading to an increase in the percentage of privileged people.

“Wealth and money has definitely increased from the 1920s to now, and as far as I can predict, it’s going to keep increasing,” De Anza Microeconomics Professor Judith West said. “This happens for a number of reasons including inflation and more opportunities for high income jobs.”

The relationship between wealth and privilege allows people with more money to obtain unfair advantages in education and employment. Many students living in the Bay Area benefit from educational privilege because of the economic landscape. At Lynbrook, students are offered a diverse range of clubs which participate in costly competitions, and have opportunities which often are not offered in schools with less funding.

Legacy admissions are also a common advantage of those with financial privilege.

Students become a legacy with better chances of admission when someone in their family goes to a top college, which often requires high tuition. According to an NPR article, compared to non-legacy students, students with legacy have five times higher chance of acquiring admission at their prestigious university of choice. Many people criticize affirmative action for supposedly unfairly lifting students from lower socioeconomic classes and giving them the better opportunity to go to college.

Yet, the same people that criticize Affirmative Action, do not have a problem with legacy admissions which can be

described as affirmative action for the rich.

“I don’t think legacy admissions are fair, especially since it helps people who have more money and the predominantly white population,” senior Akul Murthy said. “The new waves of immigrants and first generation Americans are at a disadvantage.”

Nepotism in employment is another advantage of being wealthy. With wealthy parents, people do not need to work as hard to get where they need to be. In Hollywood, many actors and models are considered “nepo-babies,” with parents who earned their spot and pulled their children up alongside them. Since the children are privileged, they get the first pick of roles or jobs even if they are not very skilled. Hailey Bieber and Lily-Rose Depp are some of the most notable examples making headlines today.

Today, even the justice system has tipped its scales in favor of the wealthy. The courts are more lenient, making them pay less in comparison to those who are not as advantaged.

“We can’t deny the fact that some lower income communities don’t have access to more expensive lawyers and don’t get seen fairly in front of a jury,” Murthy said.

Jordan Belfort, the wolf of wall street, spent a mere 22 months in jail after scamming more than 1,500 individual investors out of $200 million. He was initially sentenced to four years, but his sentence was reduced after making a plea deal with the FBI. The penalty for first-time drug possession offenses can range between 2-20 years and a hefty fine, depending on the state. The most ironic part is that Belfort was a notorious drug user himself. He is one of many examples of the rich getting lesser jail time because they can bargain financial deals.

Often, the government is funded with donations from the wealthy classes; in return, the courts can be more lenient toward these families. The government has also bestowed many gifts on wealthy individuals and corporations. For years, businesses have tried to get Congress and state legislatures to enact sharp limits on class-action lawsuits. In a series of rulings, including a high-profile one against WalMart in 2011, it has become more difficult for workers and consumers to band together in class action lawsuits, which are often the only way for working-class people to get justice.

“In terms of the justice system, the judges in the Supreme Court have many times favored people who are advantaged,” West said. “But, in the future I believe that people who are wealthy will get less privilege because of culture now and people being called out for their actions.”

Although people who enjoy wealth and privilege are leading the world, they need to be more appreciative of the advantages that come with being in the top one percent by recognizing the fact that they are privileged.

PASSIVE INCOME WAY

IT IS BETTER TO LIVE RICH THAN DIE RICH WAY

BY AMISHI CHANDRA

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BY CATHERINE ZHOU// IN MY OPINION

Healing from within: volunteering at the hospital

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pause at the hallway intersection, hands tightly gripping the wheelchair handlebars, eyes darting between two corridors. I rack my brain, trying to recall the routes I had spent weeks memorizing.

Is cardiology in the left wing? Should I turn left? Right?

When I first started working as a patient transport volunteer in a veterans hospital, intersections were my worst enemy. I still remember my disastrous first solo transport assignment, where I accidentally ended up at the intensive care unit instead of the outpatient rooms and had to rely on my patient to guide me to the correct location.

Traumatized by this experience, I spent several shifts shadowing the other transport employees. I watched them confidently make all the correct turns, swiftly maneuver wheelchairs into elevators and navigate around obstacles. Most of all, I was in awe of their ability to connect with the patients and help them feel comfortable. Each time I tried to talk to my patients, I could barely seem to get out a nervous, “How are you doing today?”

With each shift, I took on more assignments and eventually got to know the hospital like the back of my hand. Along the way, I realized that my lack of trust in myself was holding me back. I second-guessed my instincts, leading to more mistakes and a vicious cycle of self-doubt and fear. In order for my patients to trust me, I needed to show them I trusted myself. As I began to chat with my patients to ease my nerves, initially only feigning confidence, I realized that the patients were more than willing to open up to me.

One day, I was transporting a patient named Charles, a World War II veteran wearing a cap covered in colorful pins and patches. As he shared memories of his time as a sniper and playing basketball during the war, I honored his bravery and sacrifice and laughed at his stories, delighted that he loved basketball just as much as I did. While I led him and his wife through the twists and turns inside the hospital, we eased into a conversation about our favorite teams, which led to Charles reminiscing about his hometown and his sons.

After I helped Charles into his car, his wife thanked me outside of the car and said she’d never heard Charles talk so much about his sons. “It has been so difficult,” she said, eyes full of tears. “Raising them all by myself, without him.”

As I comforted her, I realized the true value of my role as a patient transporter — to provide compassion and alleviate pain for patients and their families as we navigate through the hospital together. Yet, I was so focused on my own struggles I’d forgotten the very reason I was here. I not only have the responsibility to do my job, but also, more importantly, to take care of my patients. By simply talking with them, I can help them feel at least slightly happier, to distract them from the bleakness of the hospital, to illuminate our shared humanity. Perhaps outside the walls of the hospital, I’d also been so focused on successfully achieving my lofty goals that I’d forgotten to cherish the people around me, who supported me as unconditionally as Charles’ wife supported him.

Navigating the winding paths of the hospital corridors, I began to slow down and spend time listening to my patients’ stories, concerns and corny jokes as we headed toward their destinations. My time at the hospital taught me to trust myself and enjoy the journey. However, most importantly, I’m reminded that I’m never alone, and I hope I can help my patients feel the same way.

CENTERSPREAD

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07

American influence through sports

BY ELIZABETH CHENG AND MEERA NAMBIAR

Luca Signore said. “During the Cold War, the U.S. and Soviet Union were competing in ith a little over a minute left in the everything, whether it was going to the moon game and an Olympic gold medal first or winning in hockey.” on the line, five blue jerseys storm Olympic boycotts were used by both sides down the court. One player tosses the ball to condemn the other. After the Soviet Union to a teammate, who finishes the play with a invaded Afghanistan in 1979, the U.S. led one resounding slam dunk. The crowd roars, and of the largest boycotts, encouraging more the final score is 99-68. than 60 countries to not participate in the Clyde Drexler and Charles Barkley 1980 Moscow games. In response, the USSR had added yet another play to a never- and their allies refused to come to the 1984 ending highlight reel as the United States Los Angeles Olympics. triumphed over Croatia in the 1992 Olympic On the field, clashes between the two men’s basketball countries gained lots championship game. of attention, with the Nicknamed the Soviets beating the Dream Team and previously undefeated often deemed the U.S. basketball team most dominant sports of Lynbrook students in 1972. The “Miracle team ever assembled, surveyed believe that on Ice” also shocked this U.S. team helped millions when a young sports are important to U.S. ice hockey team skyrocket global interest in basketball. beat the heavily favored American identity.

The promotion of Soviet Union. Despite American sports on the international stage the conflicts of the Olympics, it can also spark was once largely motivated by goodwill global unity. and disseminating American values.

“When you see the diversity of However, during the Cold War, sports were people running in an Olympic race, transformed into a vessel for diplomacy, a that’s about as humanizing as you will get way for countries to legitimize themselves and an even playing field,” said Government globally, improve their image in other teacher and varsity boys basketball coach countries and engage in ideological wars.

Jeff Bale. “We see people coming together.

The U.S. often uses sports to increase Unfortunately, these things will always be and leverage soft power — the ability to marred with politics.” persuade other countries sans violence.

Later, dominant American sports teams American athletes are some of the most like the Dream Team would cement the prominent in the world, and leagues use dissolution of the Soviet Union. Ever since, international games each season to increase the State Department has collaborated the market for American sports abroad. with the NBA to promote American values The Cold War was one of the largest and aid with foreign relations. The Clinton stages for sports diplomacy. In addition to administration initiated the Sports Visitor proxy wars and the Space Race, a rivalry Program, which brought non-elite athletes in international sports also dominated the and coaches to the U.S., as well as the Sports political landscape. Both countries used Envoy Program that sent American coaches sports to showcase their power, creating and athletes abroad to teach sports and state-sponsored programs to foster athletes values. Such initiatives helped expose the and promoting their national culture and world to American culture. pastimes through sports.

“My cousins in India wake up in the “Sports are a microcosm in which middle of the night to watch Warriors countries compete and it’s a show of their games,” senior and varsity girls basketball economic development,” history teacher captain Navya Anand said. “There’s definitely

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a lot of hype generated around American professional sports.”

In an effort to ease Cuban-American relations, the NBA and FIBA jointly organized a camp in 2015 to bridge cultures through what the NBA described as the “common language of sports.” Since then, the U.S. has expanded similar programs to countries around the world such as Venezuela and Serbia. But no country reflects American basketball diplomacy like China’s past and present relationship with the sport.

An invitation for pingpong players paved the way for the first American president to visit China.

President Nixon’s visit highlighted the power of sports i n

bridging different civilizations and cultures. As the NBA leveraged media to promote basketball in China, the Sino-

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION

BY ELIZABETH CHENG

American relationship has only grown — recently, the Internet and social have fueled Chinese infatuation with the NBA. Sports are more than entertainment; they ultimately have the political power to shift and influence international relationships.

“Mutual interests and shared goals are the best things that can come out of these international sports,” Bale said.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY QIANZI LOO

The 1992 Olympic men’s basketball team, nicknamed the Dream Team, led by more than 30 points with a little over a minute left during the championship game against Croatia.

Philanthropy won’t save us. Here’s why.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY CALVIN ZHOU

BY MYLES KIM AND CALVIN ZHOU

E

very year, countless stories praise billionaires’ selflessness for their philanthropic donations. Yet, bad actors use philanthropy more as a public relations device and a way to avoid paying taxes. Philanthropy is a necessary institution that helps supplement a government’s role in protecting its citizens’ welfare. However, the largest donors often are more preoccupied with protecting their business interests than helping others. Charity should be benevolent, but powerful corporations and the wealthy have made it deceitful.

Modern American philanthropy has its roots in the Gilded Age, tied most often with the prominent works of Andrew Carnegie, an industrialist notorious for his anti-labor stance and practices. Although Carnegie is praised as a beacon of good philanthropy, the exploitation of industrial workers through which he garnered his wealth ultimately perpetuated poverty and outweighed his philanthropic acts. He was under the impression that the economic system allowing him to accumulate so much wealth was inherently good and that every American would inevitably get their piece of the pie.

“One can look at Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth and argue that in some ways it was very paternalistic,” said Bruce Sievers, Lecturer at the Stanford University Haas Center for Public Service. “There is some language in there where he says that the wealthy not only deserve to reap the benefits of what they have created, but they know

how best to give it away to society for the greatest benefit.”

Similarly, the robber barons of the 21st century, such as Mark Zuckerberg or Elon Musk, often pledge to donate shares of their companies to charity while simultaneously being accused of mistreating their workers and preventing unionization efforts.

Sometimes these charitable donations aren’t even charity at all. In 2015, Zuckerberg made headlines when he claimed that he would donate the majority of his fortune to charity; in reality, he donated to a limited liability company he owned entirely, with the intention to invest in for-profit businesses.

In many instances involving today’s ultrabillionaires, philanthropy has been used as a vessel for financial gain, whether directly or indirectly.

“Whatever money you take from the rich will not have that much of an impact because they have greater access and means of recuperating their wealth,” English teacher Andrew Seike said. “It takes money to make money.”

Aside from philanthropy, billionaires are known to make large donations to political organizations. In the 2022 midterm election cycle, he gave $40 million to fund Democratic and Republican campaigns. Wealth has not only become a powerful playing card in the American financial system but also has been used to increasingly influence public policy in a corporation or billionaire’s favor.

“As philanthropic gifts become larger, there is a risk that donors may try to influence what happens through organizations,” said Gene Tempel, Professor of Philanthropic

Studies at Indiana University. “It is unethical for a donor to try to remake society in his or her image.”

Carnegie’s views persist in acts of philanthropy today and raise the question of how democratic American philanthropy really is. Before the 2008 recession, about twice as many people made philanthropic gifts or volunteered as the number of people who voted each year. As fewer people donated, philanthropy became undemocratically concentrated among extremely wealthy individuals. The wealthy have a monopoly on goodwill, only willing to give it away to causes they think are the most beneficial for recipients, which often aren’t effective.

Philanthropy is defined as goodwill to fellow humans. As such, philanthropy should be about helping others, yet modern philanthropy seems to be more preoccupied with dodging taxes and cleaning up images. Something that would alleviate the power of big donors and their ability to mold society as they see fit, is broader participation in philanthropic acts that make it significantly harder for big donors to make gifts that are contradictory to what society actually wants to achieve through philanthropy.

“People need to recognize that philanthropy is a commitment to making the world a better place,” said Richard Marker, Faculty Co-Director at the University of Pennsylvania’s Center for High Impact Philanthropy. “It is not something only for people with a lot of money, but for everyone.”

Patriotism in America has contributed toward anti-immigrant, xenophobic, or racist attitudes.

Toeing th

BY QIANZI LOO AND SAM SAR

Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree

W

aving flags with scent of hotdogs a dazzling displa a celebration of a nation’s and unity take center stag is one holiday where Amer patriotism, a cherished sen of the U.S.. In recent year patriotism that binds the become murky as dissent have claimed this word fo communities apart as they interpretations of patriotism According to Oxford L is defined as the devoti support for one’s country. W patriotism, a country can se its own ideals. Thus, coun patriotic actions among th turmoil, present a unified fr new polic blurred wh patriotism have interp unwavering country wi actions or However, th aligns wit extreme b

DEFINING

AMERIC

Incorporating patriotism in American education

BY SOPHIE AU AND NEHA AYYER

S

ince its development, the American school system has been continuously reworked to provide all American children a comprehensive education. Some believe that the integration of patriotism is at the core of an education that will prepare citizens to join American industries and become active voters.

Often considered the “father of American education,” Horace Mann standardized and unified school systems, leading the 19th century Common School Movement that ensured basic education for every child. Before this, many children lacked a full education, since schooling centered around the Bible and was largely based on teachers’ preferences. Establishing a secular education standard, Mann developed a varied curriculum that taught children many subjects.

“The general approach to a public education is to provide young people with a broad range of content, knowledge and skills sufficient to launch them into responsible adulthood,” AP Government teacher Mike Williams said.

By 2018, 40 states required students to take U.S. history courses and 28 states required that the course be at least one year long. There are still no national

history or government course-related out what’s wrong or illegal irrespective requirements in the U.S. of ideology. That’s been a challenge for While history is seen as an objective teachers. In American society recently, subject, multiple perspectives and to some extent, people mix up calling sources used can alter the way students wrong with having a political agenda.” view historical events. As educational As history continued to be taught in laws in the U.S. do not include a schools, government or civics courses standardized, national were slowly added. curriculum, each state While history develops its own courses teach standards for what past events, civics The more people whom students should learn. courses aim to keep we have engaged in our “If you’re trying to American political democracy, the better teach World History, traditions alive and healthier it will be. you need to talk and allow students about interactions to understand Jeff Bale between regions at a the relationships AP Government macro level,” World b e t w e e n History teacher Steven teacher citizens and the Roy said. “If you’re government. spending all your time “It’s a degree of socialization that talking about Europe or the U.S., that’s tries to connect us. And I don’t think neither a comprehensive nor accurate there’s anything wrong with that,” AP historical narrative.”

Government and Politics teacher Jeff Still, while the same topics are told Bale said. “But I certainly believe that, from multiple perspectives, teachers regardless of what students’ personal tread the fine line between differing beliefs are, they should be involved and ideologies and morally wrong actions. know the system. The more people whom “You can see both sides to every we have engaged in our democracy, the issue,” Williams said. “Then, sometimes, better and healthier it will be.” societal or government actions can just Even though government classes are be plain wrong or illegal. Calling that out required in some high schools, there is isn’t liberal or conservative. It’s calling no way to tell whether students leave

I CONSIDER MYSELF PATRIOTIC:

NOT AT ALL

class feeling more patriotic or inclined to participate in civics.

“All I can do is present what I can and try to make it as engaging as possible so that the fire will be lit under them and they will want to be involved,” Bale said.

While the Supreme Court has ruled that schools cannot force students to take part in patriotic acts, the government’s promotion of patriotic values is still incorporated into daily school life. The Pledge of Allegiance is required in 46 states, while California education laws require at least one patriotic “act” at school every day. Symbols like a flag salute or the Pledge of Allegiance have remained a staple in the school routine.

“These symbols are respected more than others because they represent foundational American values,” Bale said. “But the values themselves are what really matters, not the symbols.”

As history and civics classes incorporate more perspectives into teaching essential concepts, teachers continue to strive to inform students from an objective point of view.

“When students don’t have a background in a subject, they are unable to question what they are told,” Iziumska said. “The bias in education still influences students, even if schools try to eliminate it.”

VERY MU

he line between patriotism and nationalism

stars and stripes, the wafts from a grill and ay of fireworks greet birth. National pride ge. The Fourth of July ricans join together in ntiment in many parts rs, however, the very nation together has ting political factions or themselves, tearing y invest in their own m.

Languages, patriotism ion to and vigorous Without some level of eem apathetic toward ntries strive to inspire heir citizens to avoid ront and push forward cies. Lines become hen the very idea of is skewed. Some preted patriotism as g support for one’s ithout criticism of its stance on any topic. his definition actually th nationalism, an belief in a country’s

supremacy, and has been misinterpreted by many to be a patriotic value.

While nationalism bears a negative connotation, it is a sentiment that has pervaded recent conservative politics, marked by a yearning for past, unchanged versions of America. This inflexibility creates divisions between the younger progressive generations and older conservative groups. America is often described as “the melting pot” of cultures and ideas, and the change diversity brings, while difficult, is not inherently bad. Patriotism lies in a desire to improve a nation and also to appreciate what is already there.

“I feel like Generation Z has a disconnect with America,” senior Priscilla Leang said. “It’s easy to get wrapped up in the momentum of advocating for change — which is great — but it also causes us to overlook some of the core principles America already offers us.”

As American politics have become increasingly polarized, though, patriotic values from one side of the political spectrum may appear to be the antithesis of what the other side advocates.

“There are people who deep in their heart believe that they are doing the right thing to add value to their country. And on the other side of the issue, people are doing the exact opposite, but have the same core belief,” AP

CA

UCH

percentage of foreign-born citizens.

Setting aside recent disputes, patriotism regularly serves as the nation’s unifier. In extreme cases of tragedy, such as the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, true patriotic values and protection of one’s homestead brought the nation together.

“Sometimes, when you have these calamities, it actually brings out the best of what I would call ‘patriotism,’ where it’s shared sacrifice, and belief in a larger good of the country,” Bale said. “That’s true patriotism, and there really is a positive value for that.”

Whether it be from an economic or political standpoint, it’s important to clarify the notions of patriotism and nationalism so that Americans can understand both ideas and feel comfortable being “patriotic”. Patriotism can unite individuals under a shared spirit of love for one’s country, but when it begins to bear nationalistic undertones, it becomes detrimental. Moving away from nationalism through embracing change and educating the general public on these concepts may lead to more accepting generations, which will further the strength and unity of the U.S.

Immigrant dream, American reality

BY APURVA KRISHNAMURTHY AND EMILY PEDROZA

I

Government and Politics teacher Jeff Bale said.

Political turmoil in the U.S. has shifted the notion of patriotism for many. For instance, the American flag for some went from a mark of national pride to a flag that bore the message of “America first,” most notably under former President Donald Trump’s presidency. In one of his rallies, Trump called himself a nationalist, reinforcing in his constituents that his presidency embraces divergent views of American values.

The idea of “America first” soon became a hotly debated topic between Republicans and Democrats, showing itself in anti-immigration policies, riots, tariffs and more. One significant case is the Capitol Hill insurrection on Jan. 6, 2021. While the incident could look like an isolated event, the root of the issue lies in a narrow view of patriotism and distaste for change. In a pattern of extreme conservatives fighting for an older-fashioned America while liberals seek to regain political power, politicians struggle to compromise amid political polarization.

In the 1990s, as the population of white Americans dropped below 50% in California, many struggled to embrace shifts in U.S. population. A string of anti-immigration policies followed, but gradually, communities realized and accepted changes in society. Today, California remains one of the most progressive, wealthy and economically successful states in the country and has the highest

nscribed on the Statue of Liberty are the U.S.’s claims to provide refuge for “masses yearning to breathe free.” Many immigrants reap the country’s benefits by achieving their greatest desires. But, when the adjustment process presents obstacles for optimistic immigrants, does the American Dream become a mere pipe dream?

While motivations for immigrating to the U.S. differ, one common drive is starting anew. Some relocate to flee from calamities while others to provide their children with better education.

“My family came here to give my sister and I greater opportunities,” senior Leo Xu said. “My American Dream is about family but also myself. I want to be someone I can be proud of.”

The term “American Dream” originates from “Epic of America”, a book by James Truslow Adams, who defined it as an “opportunity for each according to ability.” It is a deeply integrated concept throughout Hollywood that settles in the subconscious of many as unrealistic expectations in American media have become popular abroad.

“My dad said America is the land of dreams,” junior Gauri Jain said. “When I came here, it was like my dreams were coming true.”

The American Dream defines success resulting from hard work without recognizing the influence of merit. The American meritocratic system is plagued with hurdles for underprivileged groups, preventing individuals from experiencing their ideal dream.

On U.S. soil, many immigrants face housing segregation stemming from discriminatory practices and lack of financial power. Many prejudiced landowners implement exclusionary zoning to keep their neighborhoods “safe”. As immigrants also don’t have credit history with American lenders, their low credit scores lead to struggles when obtaining a mortgage. If approved for a mortgage, it is commonly at a higher interest or annual percentage rate, adding to financial burdens.

Higher education, a major driving factor for immigration, is viewed as a vehicle for social mobility.

But, a number of minority students struggle to complete

school and pay their tuition. Undocumented students, including Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, don’t qualify for Free Application for Federal Student Aid. Many minority students are forced to decline prestigious but unaffordable college acceptances while qualified individuals are stuck repeating years of education to obtain a recognized degree in the American workforce. Coupled with learning a new language, those seeking employment face a prolonged cycle of job disparity in the workplace.

“The melting pot is a problematic analogy that has since been questioned,” said West Valley English and Social Justice Studies professor Leigh Burril. “It suggests that we’re all going to go in and melt and come out having the same equitable experiences on the other side.”

Immigrant aid programs, like the Cash Assistance Program for Immigrants, provides cash assistance to the aged, blind or disabled, who are ineligible to receive State Supplementary Payment due to their immigration status. The government has done little to keep the community afloat as there is a lack of community building resources for new immigrants.

“The American Dream is a nice concept. It’s still a goal. It’s not a reality for a lot of Americans.” Burrill said.

The immigrant experience with the American Dream often drifts from initial expectations, fostering less than ideal conditions for asylum seekers in modern society.

Yet, the abundance of resources and opportunity, ranging from the workplace to livelihood, has been a driving force of immigration over the centuries.

“The land of dreams means a place where we are happy and together as a family, “ said Jain. “Where it feels like home.”

PAGE BY SOPHIE AU AND CATHERINE ZHOU

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68.5%

of Lynbrook students surveyed believe that the American Dream is not attainable for all Americans

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CENTERSPREAD

February 06, 2023

Is America’s power far-reaching or overreaching?

Guam and the Philippines after winning the Spanish-American war, establishing them as e will defend our freedom, we an imperial power with colonial land claims. will bring freedom to others The U.S. further subjugated Filipino and and we will prevail,” President Latin American governments in the early George W. Bush said on March 19, 2003, just 1900s, often using unethical techniques. before the U.S. invasion of Iraq. Three years Over the years, the development of nuclear later, over 300,000 Iraqi civilians had been technology gave the U.S. a military edge, killed by U.S.-led forces. Throughout the coupling with their political influence during Revolutionary War and the Cold War, America the communist scares of the Cold War to push the country forward. has emerged as a America continues global superpower to exercise its military — one with power, often resulting political, economic in the unintended and technological supremacy. However, of Lynbrook students killings of foreign After the this status is surveyed believe that the civilians.

Sept.

11 attacks, entangled with U.S.’s political dominance President George W. imperialism, military Bush spearheaded the action and foreign is not dwindling.

U.S. invasion of Iraq in control.

A nation with one of the highest 2003, called the “War on Terror.” As a result, standards of living, America’s influence irreparable damage to Iraqi healthcare and encompasses a rough majority of the globe. infrastructure was incurred, with For starters, the U.S. military is currently the hundreds of thousands of civilian most funded and equipped in the world. In deaths remaining unreported and terms of gross domestic product, the U.S. is the displacement of nearly 38 million an economic fortress, boasting the highest Middle Eastern and African civilians.

GDP of $26.13 trillion as of 2022. American Even as the U.S. aids civilians with loans, culture is also widely embraced among food and basic necessities, citizens continue foreign countries, with English being the to suffer casualties as a direct result of its most widely-spoken language in the world, military involvement.

“No aid is free. S o m e popularized by the U.S. countries are required But this wasn’t always the case. to adopt policies In 1898, America obtained Puerto Rico, C u b a ,

BY SURYA SARAF AND LARRY WANG

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57.5%

similar to the U.S, such as holding elections or enacting stringent laws on drug use, to receive aid,” said Kenneth Faulve-Montojo, Senior Lecturer of Political Economy and International Relations at Santa Clara University. “ A lot depends on the circumstances under which the aid is tied.”

These patterns are seen with the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan, in which U.S.-inflicted civilian casualties increased by 330% under the Obama and Trump administration, as reported by Brown University’s Watson Institute. Afghan women in particular now reside under the oppressive Taliban after the U.S. withdrew its troops from Afghanistan, claiming U.S. casualties had reached an alltime high and thus should continue no more.

“We should not intervene in arbitrary political matters that do not actively harm people,” junior William Jiao said. “But, during times of massive genocide, humanitarian crisis or ethnic cleansing in developing countries, U.S. interference is to the most logical thing to do.”

Inequalities ensue when a powerful

nation closes its doors to underprivileged societies.

These discrepancies were exacerbated by the Trump administration that created restrictions on the U.S.-Mexico border and enacted a Muslim travel ban.

The Biden administration is attempting to repeal Trump’s “Remain in Mexico” policy implemented during his presidency, requiring Mexican citizens seeking asylum in the U.S. to wait for U.S. court hearings, a process that can take years.

“Given what the U.S. has to offer, it’s important for it to create an immigration policy that is inclusive, but still maintains national economic stability,” junior Vaishnavi Kunapali said.

America’s ability to indirectly manipulate the actions of others, whether by enacting harsh laws against immigration or practicing forceful military action, presents caution to its abuses of power.

Immigration’s legacy: the Americanization of food

BY AMY LIU

B

12% Strongly Disagree

“I believe that there are distinct foods that are entirely ‘American.’ “

urgers, hot dogs, you name it. To many, food is an integral component of the American 26.2% Slightly Disagree identity. Much of the American palette today is rooted in decades of immigration and globalization. As people around the world bring their flavors to the U.S., foreign dishes have become Americanized, infusing American preferences with multi-cultural appreciation.

36.4% Slightly Agree In America’s sea of diverse cultural foods, true American cuisine does exist through dishes that were born in the U.S. Invented in the South, dishes like Shrimp and Grits, Hoppin’ John and Gumbo were highly influenced by African culture often brought by descendents of African 23.3% Strongly Agree slaves. New England’s early abundance of fishing industries led to the rise of iconic seafood dishes such as Clam Chowder, Lobster Roll and Fried Clams. Early colonists learned recipes from a survey of 229 current Lynbrook students like Succotash and Johnnycakes from Native Americans. Still, a majority of food in the U.S. is transferred or inspired from other countries due to immigration. As immigrant restaurateurs adapted to the American culture and economy, they have altered traditional dishes to conform to local tastes in order to make a living. Here is the history of Americanized food from America’s top three most popular Americanized Italian Food ethnic cuisines.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS

BY AMY LIU From pizza to pasta, Italian cuisine has cemented itself into the American palette. During the late 19th century, Italian immigrants Americanized Mexican Food Americanized Chinese Food settled in America to escape famine and Mexican-American food Chinese immigrants first unemployment; however, it wasn’t until the largely refers to Tex-Mex cuisine, began modifying recipes late 20th century that Italian food became which was developed by Tejanos, because authentic ingredients, socially accepted and popularized due to foreign the first Spanish settlers in Texas from especially vegetables, were not available tastes and class divisions. the 16th century. Having a Mexican style, Tex-Mex in the U.S. A dish that had an ingredient substitution Many Italian-American dishes contrast from their cuisine elicits American flavors with its hefty use of was beef and broccoli; 19th and 20th century Chinese Italian counterparts because of how meat was more cheese and more diverse spices. Some classic Tex-Mex immigrants in San Francisco swapped broccoli for abundant and affordable in the U.S. An Italian-American recipes include chili con carne and chimichangas. gailan, a Chinese variant of broccoli, because they staple, spaghetti and meatballs are served separately Burritos are a quintessential Mexican-American couldn’t find it in America. as individual dishes in Italy instead of together. For food. In Mexico, burritos are packed with meat, beans, To accommodate the Western palette, immigrants the same reason, chicken parmigiana was invented as cheese and salsa. Its American counterpart is much swapped unfamiliar ingredients in their dishes, an iteration of eggplant parmigiana. Sauces have also more loaded, containing fillings such as rice, lettuce especially exotic animals and their parts, with more been developed by Italian Americans — The sauce of and sour cream. American burritos will rarely be found familiar meats. For example, meats like chicken or beef American fettuccine alfredo is much heavier than its in Mexico, only appearing in tourist regions. Tacos, on replaced animal intestines in chop suey in order for Italian version, and Italian dressing received its name the other hand, are much more common in Mexico. restaurateurs to avoid controversy and adapt to local and flavor from its Italian herbs and seasonings like Mexican restaurants make up a large portion of eating preferences. oregano, basil and garlic.

America’s food industry, particularly in the form of While many Chinese-American foods are Standing as one of the most essential foods food chains. Chains like TacoBell and Chipotle are adaptations of recipes from China, Chinese-American in American society, pizza has been profusely big names in the fast-food sphere, and have helped to cuisine has invented iconic dishes of its own. Orange Americanized. Pepperoni is an entirely American popularize Mexican-American food domestically and chicken, invented by the fast-casual chain Panda meat, and pineapple as a topping is internationally.

Express in America, was inspired by China’s iconic practically unheard of in Italy. Italian sweet and sour flavors and is a variation of General pizza has one or no toppings, Tso’s chicken, another Americanized dish. A popular compared to America’s loaded The evolution of food in America has come a long way dessert in Chinese-American restaurants, fortune pizzas. While American pizza has from the colonial era to today. Especially in a country of cookies were created in California with unclear a range of thin and thick crusts, such diverse cultures, food is always adapting to society’s cultural origins. Even though foods like orange chicken Italian pizza only has a very thin crust. social, economic and political changes. Food is a unifier and fortune cookies will not be found in China, the Finally, American pizza has expanded to and a form of cultural expression; understanding and meals have established themselves as an integral part dozens of variations, from Chicago and New appreciating the traditions in which foods originated from is of the Chinese-American palette.

York-style pizza to pizza bagels and rolls. key to acknowledging America’s history of immigration and abundance of cultures.

FEATURES

the Epic

11

“Avatar: The Way of Water” makes a splash in cinematic history

BY KATIE CHIN

T

hirteen years after Pandora captured the hearts and imaginations of audiences, “Avatar: The Way of Water” revitalizes the imaginative world of the Na’vi and heroes Jake Sully and Neytiri in fantastic glory.

The highly anticipated sequel of the 2009 box office phenomenon brings viewers back to the ethereal moon and introduces Sully and Neytiri’s brood of daring and adventurous children alongside the oceanic Metkayina clan. While raw and emotionally powerful scenes pierce the hearts of viewers, they may very well be lost within an arguably thin plotline and a haphazard medley of cliched young adult fiction tropes.

In 2009, James Cameron’s original “Avatar” shattered the box office with fanfare, becoming the highest-grossing movie of all time. Above the alluring storyline, the film, nominated for nine Academy Awards, was acclaimed for its unfathomably stunning visuals and the vibrant, nearly tangible universe of Pandora — borne from Cameron’s inventive CG approach to filmmaking.

With “Avatar: The Way of Water”, Cameron has once again revolutionized filmmaking technology.

The crew constructed an enormous tank,

replicating real ocean conditions and capturing the actors’ performances underwater — a feat never before accomplished in the history of cinema. With Performance Capture, which transforms the actors’ real time movements into their CG characters, set up both underwater and on the surface, Cameron brought a graceful, jawdropping reality to underwater scenes on the big screen.

Yet beyond the sensational cinematography, the meandering, thin storyline progresses with little surprise, leaving the audience yawning through the 3 hour 12 minute film. In comparison to the striking, yet straight-forward “good-guy” hero 2009 film, “Avatar: The Way of Water” stutters in finding its definition, and the story’s several underwhelming and loosely related plotlines lethargically drag on the film.

Opening with a snapshot of the Sully family, the story quickly hops from one scene to the next as the forest-dwelling Sullys migrate to the oceanic Metkayina clan in the blink of an eye. Much of the film is dedicated to the Sully children’s adaptation to the underwater universe and their struggle to fit in among the foreign clan.

Hilariously grappling w i t h awkward dialogue, the ragtag team face a variety of cliched tropes and are regrettably reduced to a juvenile, archetypal portrayal of teenagers.

Eldest son Neteyam is defined simply as the “golden boy” whom his younger brother Lo’ak looks up to with jealousy.

Adopted daughter Kiri, born from the first film’s Grace Augustine’s avatar, wields a graceful, powerful connection to Pandora similar to that of her mother’s. Along with the adorable youngest daughter Tuk, Pandora-born human Spider completes the young cast, grappling with his differences from his Na’vi friends. Character development is few and far between, with each teen reduced to a singular attribute and remaining solely determined and wellintentioned throughout the film.

The film is interspersed with beautifully raw, tearjerking scenes and dialogue — the delicacy of which aligns with its arresting cinematography and magnificent nature of Pandora. Zoe Saldana, as Neytiri, delivers heart-wrenching lines sure to capture the attention of any viewer.

Woven between long threads of plot, emotionally compelling scenes accompanied with a riveting soundtrack return audiences to the heart of “Avatar”.

The blatant anti-imperialist stance of the film perfectly mirrors that of the 2009 film and retains its lack of nuance, leaning on crude analogs of indigenous peoples in the Na’vi and a depthless depiction of strongarmed humans coldly destroying Pandora and its natives. Built off a brew of worn tropes, “Avatar: The Way of Water” places strong emphasis on family values with Sully’s line, “A father protects. It’s what gives him meaning,” echoing through the closing scenes of the movie. Though the film’s familial theme sparks a familiar flame within viewers and the anti-colonialism commentary stands, the story struggles to delve any deeper than a one-dimensional strand.

With tremendous shoes to fill following

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS BY FEATURES SECTION

t h e f i r s t “A v a t a r ” installation, it isn’t all too surprising that “Avatar: The Way of Water” has stumbled its way across the big screen. Yet, it is a film worthy of applause for its once again breathtaking illustration of Pandora and collection of heart-wrenching scenes.

While frustrating, the opening of a myriad of Pandora’s boxes of plotlines set the table for the addition of three sequels to the franchise over the next six years, which may just be what “Avatar” needs to secure its place within the great film franchises of cinematic history.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY FEATURES SECTION

Alumni and students document cross-generational bonds in “Her Image”

BY JASON SHAN

“W

hen I look at you, I see so much of myself. But so much of you is not in the image of me.”

This line from the closing scenes of “Her Image,” a short film with a crew including nine Lynbrook alumni and students, captures the heart of the narrative: Asian American mother Jenny Ma realizes that, although her daughter’s values may differ from her own, she still accepts and loves her for who she is.

The creation of “Her Image” began in the summer of 2022 when alumni Suanna Zhong and Austin Tong decided to collaborate on a passion project. Zhong drew from her personal experiences when brainstorming the plot, reflecting on her relationship with her mother. Following the idea’s conception, Zhong and Tong reached out to students in Lynbrook’s ASB Tech Commission and other alumni to help out.

“During production, I learned to give back by bringing people on the set and giving them this professional experience,” Tong said. “I hope the film inspires others to create their own stories through mediums like filmmaking.”

The title, “Her Image,” is captured through a prominent symbol in the film: a vintage camera. The title represents the multiple interpretations of “image” — a physical photograph and the way a person is viewed by others — and the film plays

on this duality to underscore the crossgenerational understanding that the two protagonists come to at the end.

Miller teacher Betty Chan was cast as the mother, Jenny, and actress Alyssa So played the role of the daughter, Isabella. So applied through the online platform Backstage after reading the casting notice and was intrigued by how the themes paralleled her own experience in an immigrant family.

“A lot of students at Lynbrook have parents from different cultures, which is reflected in the film,” senior and director of photography Katie Chung said. “The conflicts you go through with parents are natural, but remember to always love each other.”

Small details in the set design help bring the film’s message alive. The outfits of every character was an extension of their inner personality: Isabella and her sister wear complementary colors to show their tightknit relationship while Jenny dresses in neutral-toned colors. The ending where Isabella and Jenny bake a pie together is a full-circle moment, showing their new connection, and contrasts the beginning

where Jenny cooks alone.

“Another theme in the film is looking up to your elders,” gaffer and grip Gio Cabaltica said. “During the film’s production, as the youngest member on set, I was looking up to Austin and Suanna who taught me so much.

Next year, as a senior, I want to be able to similarly help other underclassmen.”

The film explores the dichotomy between Isabella’s maximalism and Jenny’s minimalism. Although the two argue about their differing values, they begin to connect at the end of the film when Isabella pulls out a vintage camera from her bag that Jenny recognizes as the same type of camera she had when she was younger. As they each look through the lens to take a picture of the other, they realize that they each have their own similar, yet unique image that transcends cultural and

generational boundaries.

“I would like students to see from their parents’ perspectives and be more conscious that their concerns are valid,” Zhong said.

“I know that one short film won’t resolve a complex relationship that someone might have with their parents, but I hope for someone out there, it can help with just one step forward to better understanding the older generation.”

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS BY FEATURES SECTION. PHOTOS USED WITH PERMISSION FROM SUANNA ZHONG.

12

FEATURES

February 06, 2023

Sohil Rathi inspires new generation of math enthusiasts

BY ANIRUDH SESHADRI

O

n a typical school morning, Sohil Rathi can be found in the library, studying for an upcoming math competition. From competing in the American Mathematics Competitions and Mathcounts to writing books to help other students succeed in competitive math, Rathi’s commitment to the subject has earned him accolades and recognition from students throughout the state. Yet, it is not just solving math problems that excites Rathi. Partnering with his sister, he runs a popular YouTube channel devoted to competition math and has fostered a community of students who aspire to reach new heights in mathematics.

Since the age of six, Rathi has won countless awards. Qualifying for the American Invitational Mathematics Examination every year since his fifth grade and USA Junior Mathematical Olympiad beginning in seventh grade, Rathi has exceeded his class’s achievements.

“It’s really just doing lots of practice problems, learning concepts and applying them,” Rathi said. “Learn from the problems you do and try to relate them to techniques.

When you see similar problems, you can use those same techniques to solve them.”

One of Rathi’s savored memories is competing in the national level of Mathcounts, where competitors have one minute to solve each problem. Although Rathi made a few mistakes, it taught him to work efficiently under pressure.

Although Rathi’s dedication to math is evident in his impressive achievements, it’s his passion for sharing his knowledge and

helping others that truly sets him apart.

Since the sixth grade, Rathi has taught students through the non-profit organization he founded, OmegaLearn. However, realizing the limited scope of his class and wanting to impact students globally, he started teaching through YouTube Live. Since then, he has expanded to regular videos, with his most popular video accumulating 39,000 views.

On his YouTube channel, Rathi makes short videos that teach his viewers more

PHOTO USED WITH PERMISSION FROM SOHIL RATHI

BOOKS PUBLISHED: “Mastering AMC 8” “Mastering AMC 10/12” “The Book of Mathematical Formulas and Strategies” GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY FEATURES SECTION

creatively than other competition math channels, which provide longer and more complex videos. He skillfully edits his videos and provides decorative thumbnails that instantly draw viewers in.

In addition, Rathi wrote three books, “Mastering AMC 8,” “Mastering AMC 10/12” and “The Book of Mathematical Formulas and Strategies” to help other students prepare for the AMC 10/12, Mathcounts and Math Olympiad. These books have received positive reviews from readers around the world, further cementing Rathi’s status as a math prodigy. His easy-to-understand solutions to his book’s practice problems allow learners to develop a pattern to understand when to use each technique.

“In all my written examples, I explain the thought process behind every problem so that students can learn and say ‘Oh, that’s what I can try and do for future problems,’” Rathi said.

A shining example of what can be achieved with perseverance and genuine passion, Rathi’s widespread contributions to the academic community have impacted many young lives.

Ankita Chatterjee sculpts her representation of society

BY TANIKA ANBU

E

quipped with Photoshop and her trusty camera, senior Ankita Chatterjee spends months bringing the artistic vision that brews in her sketchbook margins to life, communicating critical messages that represent herself and resonate with her audience. From doodling to designing sculptures, Chatterjee has branched beyond elementary art forms and has welcomed more complex and 3D art such as multimedia sculptures and photography.

Ever since Chatterjee could grip a crayon, she has been fueled with a desire to create art. Her passion for art coupled with avid curiosity helps her create pieces that reflect her understanding of society.

Even in classroom discussions or friendly conversation, Chatterjee constantly challenges the norm, asking probing questions to develop her own perspective and understand that of others. This skill guides her through her artistic journey.

“Art is so valuable because it’s a way for you to speak volumes about

something without having to raise your voice,” Chatterjee said. “It is the perfect medium to express your thoughts because you are in control.”

During the surge of the Black Lives Matter movement in 2020, Chatterjee was reading “To Kill a Mockingbird,” a book discussing race and prejudice. As she learned about the controversy behind this book, she wondered how racism became a taboo topic in society. Her belief in powerful literature inspired her to create a sculpture that comments on her appreciation for books with strong messages.

“Literature has the potential to save humanity so we don’t repeat history,” Chatterjee said. “This piece served the purpose of encouraging my audience to think about the books they read and internalize those messages.”

She developed an idea that revolved around a pair of life-size wings made up of pages from “To Kill a Mockingbird” and chicken wire. Making the wings using paper mache techniques, Chatterjee took photos of the wings hanging from the ceiling and of herself wearing them while reading “To Kill a Mockingbird.”

Another piece from Chatterjee’s collection comments on women’s rights.

Most of Chatterjee’s work originates from accessible materials, such as Pixie Stix candy and a Pepto Bismol bottle. In this case, she used a showerhead and sculpted clay to create a face on it, adding a personal effect.

The showerhead was vital in executing her message concerning society’s perpetual critique of women and their bodies. Conveying that one is at their most vulnerable in the shower, she used the showerhead to

underscore the futility of trying to find a safe space and escape misogynistic chatter.

Chatterjee’s art has won awards in several local competitions. Her piece “Grandmother’s Afternoon Tea,” a sculpture commemorating her grandmother’s daily tea, and “Defending the Womb,” a piece commenting on reproduction, have won Gold Key awards from Scholastic competitions.

As Chatterjee continues to explore multimedia sculptures, she hopes to work

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY AUDREY SUN

PHOTOS USED WITH PERMISSION FROM ANKITA CHATTERJEE

Surrounded by her 3D creations, Chatterjee wears wings made from book pages, another one of her art pieces.

on pieces that bring her closer to herself.

With her desire to create and learn, she is excited to construct more creations that challenge world views.

“After competing in several competitions, the best advice I got was to share my personal experiences, even if it’s not for anyone to see,” Chatterjee said. “The best pieces are those that are personal to yourself.”

IN-DEPTH

the Epic

BY LILLY WU AND ANUSHKA ANAND

then vs. now

R

Medieval Times Hookup culture

B

elationship standards have evolved as humanity

and the purpose of it. From medieval times to present-day relationships, varying factors have shaped current ideas of what romance should look like. As technology becomes a more common vessel to

S

ocially and politically, Medieval society looked down upon marriage for the sake of romanc e.

Feudal alliances were important for maintainin g political stability, and the se alliances were cemented by marriages. The person al feelings of those being marrie d were often not consult ed.

13

others, the future holds a different version of what relationship culture looks like.

T

he new economic realities of the 19th century cross-pollinated with the ideas that emerged from the Enlightenment about individual rights and the pursuit of happiness, and the result was an Age of Romanticism.

The new ideal was not only to marry for love but that love was to live on forever.

1700s & 1800s

y 1900, the average American woman was having only half as many children as she would have three generations earlier.

Before the phrase “hooking up”, there was “petting,” which covered deliberately touching body parts above or below another person’s waist. Women started to experiment more with relationships and their sexuality as a part of their individuality, still making sure to continue their responsibilities.

“As there are more women who work, family dynamics and roles are changing,” licensed marriage

1900s & 2000s “Because medieval marriages were arranged, they were often unhappy.”

we are navigating how to balance romantic and family relationships with these new responsibilities.”

Since the 2000s and the rise of many ways to contact another person through the Internet, hook-up culture has replaced the dating culture.

The number of hookups is almost dates for U.S. college students.

More emphasis is placed on the number of people a person has hooked up with, known as body count, rather than the identity of the actual people.

“A lot of people have this idea that high school doesn’t last forever,” sophomore Shannon Tai said. “So, people turn to hook ups as a way to pass time and be with someone.”

D

uring the 2000s, people had fewer expectations to marry their current partner. Dating was perceived as a casual way to spend time and have fun. Dating outside of one’s ethnicity or race became more common as more people immigrated and is now much more normalized.

Dr. Sheila Fisher Professor of English

Popular media and technology

L

ove is a common topic in books and movies, which often depict ideal relationships while normalizing signs of toxicity. Viewers don’t always recognize the harmful tropes and hope to experience similar situations in real life. In “The Notebook,” a popular novel and movie known for its “dreamy” love story, the male lead is overly obsessed with the female lead and emotionally abuses her after their breakup. However, it’s perceived as a romantic gesture to be praised rather than avoided.

Social media and reliance on technology have also impacted our perceptions relationships, which creates unrealistic expectations for what romance should look like. scenes that you don’t see,” Tai said. “People portray the best of themselves online.”

Technology has created some positive effects in the dating world. Facetime and texting facilitate long-distance relationships and allow couples to contact each other more often. With the increase in the popularity of dating apps, people looking for partners can easily meet new people in their area.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY ALYSSA WANG, NEHA AYYER AND VIDUSHI UPADHYAY

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February 06, 2023

IN-DEPTH

California’s climate change causes destruction

BY NICOLE GE AND RIKI MURASE

of farmland.

California is also a flood-prone state due Story continued from front page. to its susceptibility to heavy winter storms and atmospheric rivers — streams of water t is among the most prominent issues vapor in the sky. These floods provide nearly in today’s sociopolitical environment half of the annual precipitation in the state, due to its tremendous potential and atmospheric rivers transport 90% of for world-changing development. As the globe’s water vapor in 10% of the area. the world continues to warm as more The flood that stormed over California in greenhouse gasses accumulate in the the beginning of 2023 alleviated some of atmosphere, catastrophic events are the state’s drought in several areas that have projected to increase rapidly in both rate developed over the past three years. and intensity.

“Drought impacts vary by location as “I think rising sea levels is a pressing California is a large state, and drought concern,” Conservation Action Association recovery will need to be evaluated on a club president Cindy Chou said. “People regional scale and depend on local water predict that Venice might be unlivable supply conditions,” state climatologist in 20 years. I think it’s possible that Michael Anderson said. “As a result of the parts of California could be completely recent storms, the landscape is wet which underwater due to melting glaciers.” allows rivers to flow and plants to grow.

California is infamous for its dry Reservoirs collect runoff from the storms seasons and long droughts. Prior to the to restore storage. Water on the landscape historical levels of rainfall in the first enabled percolation to groundwater which weeks of January 2023, roughly 35% helped in aquifer recovery — a slow process of California was declared as a state of and often requires multiple wet years to fully extreme drought. California experiences recover depleted storage.” droughts in oscillating periods, with These series of storms also have negative periods lasting from a few months to impacts, as they have displaced families multiple years. 2022 across the state, was an exceptionally d e m a n d i n g dry year, resulting in In January 2023, storms extensions of thousands of dried destroyed Santa Cruz County, relief resources wells important to up to the federal incurring almost $27 million certain communities level, including for drinking water in damages. statewide grants. and the destruction Damage from of hundreds of thousands of acres

I

storms is estimated to cost the government opportunities for windy conditions,” over a billion dollars in reconstruction and Anderson said. “This can lead to rapid fire resource allocation. Heavy rains also lead development leading to larger fires which to landslides, where an abundance of water can burn more intensely given the drier seeps into the ground after a long drought, vegetation.” creating an imbalance on hillsides and In response to recent flooding, local causing them to move or slide. It can take and federal governments have taken several months to even out, delaying repairs action to support those displaced and hindering recovery. by storms with resources. California “I’ve counted at least twenty trees that governor Gavin Newson and President have fallen on our property,” math teacher Joe Biden have visited storm-affected and affected resident Jeremy Dybdahl said. areas to assess damages and encourage “Power lines were down and I didn’t get to the bolstering of emergency responses come to work because the road was closed. across the state. American Red Cross We also lost a lot of our property due to the workers stationed in the state have also wind storms.” been called to action and worked to On the opposite side of the weather support damaged communities. spectrum, wildfires are a regular occurrence “In the Paris agreement, they set in California. These events, sparked by the goal of keeping Earth’s warming lightning, heat from the sun and human under 1.5 degrees Celsius,” Chou said. negligence like leftover campfires or gender “But I think if we want to remain under reveal parties, consumed over one million 1.5 degrees, a lot has to be done with acres of land. However, only 5% of California government policy, like working with coal wildfires are caused by lightning while 95% mining factories or fossil fuel companies.” are instead by human causes. Wildfires As the dust settles from the passing have burned 4% of the land’s total area storms, California’s climate is projected over the past five years, and the increasing to return to a consistent temperature wildfires hav been linked to climate change. range for the rest of the year. Despite the California’s drought has caused higher alleviation of some of the drought-related average temperatures throughout the issues that the state has endured over the state, leading to higher chances of wildfires last few dry years, California will likely spreading. continue to remain “A warmer in a drought. atmosphere dries out About 4.3 million acres of the landscape faster California’s land burned and can create more

In the first weeks of January 2023, 35% of California was declared to be in a state of extreme drought.

in 2020 due to wildfires.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS BY EILEEN ZHU

BY DEEKSHA RAJ AND DAEUN CHUNG

A

s California experiences the highest inflation in nearly four decades, soaring prices in the Bay Area have made food less affordable, increasing pressure on food banks. Rising food prices has led to a decrease in food banks’ donations and volunteers, rendering food banks unable to meet the demand for food.

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a disruption in the global supply chain and a rapid economic collapse. Although the economy grew back after the Federal Reserve conducted an easy monetary policy to increase its interest rate from 0% to 0.25%, customers’ demand for products expanded and prices rose. Over the last year, food became 10.6% more expensive, grocery prices rose 12% and restaurant menu p r i c e s

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION

BY AMISHI CHANDRA

increased by 8.5%. This sharp increase in food prices has made food inaccessible to many people struggling with poverty. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1.3 billion people could not access sufficient amounts of nutritious food in 2022.

“Food insecurity and global hunger is a crisis stretching back more than 50 years,” said Graham Riches, emeritus social work professor at the University of British Columbia. “The demand for wasted food has stayed unremitting.”

People rely on food banks or pantries to meet their minimum nutritional requirements as they face higher costs. Silicon Valley Food Bank, one of the largest food banks in the Bay Area, reported a 1.7 million pound decrease in donated food compared to 2021. The number of people they distributed food to increased from 400,000 people in a year to 450,000 people each month.

According to the California Association of Food Banks, California produces half of the nation’s fruits and vegetables; yet, one in five Californians currently struggle with food insecurity. Hunger in the U.S. is mainly caused by poverty, the lack of a job or having a job that pays too little.

The national

economy is directly related to hunger as COVID-19 had a severe impact on employment and income, leading to many people not being able to afford food.

This crisis has also been largely driven by climate change. Extreme weather drives hunger as global temperatures and sea levels rise, and heat waves, droughts, wildfires and other natural disasters become more apparent. The increasing frequency of weather abnormalities make it harder for farmers to produce food at sufficient levels.

Due to societal inequalities, greater levels of hunger are experienced by Black, Latin and multiracial Californians. Conversely, California’s white and Asian populations experience lower rates of food insecurity.

With efforts to solve the U.S.’s current hunger crisis, the Biden administration’s plan includes implementing benefits like free school meals and food stamps, hoping to end the crisis by 2030. There are also many programs and nonprofits that raise money and collect food to help starving people. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program is the largest food and nutrition program in the U.S., helping low-income Americans. The U.S. Department of Agriculture buys food from farmers, delivering it to food banks to distribute among their community.

However, without effective income

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Inflation exacerbates the Bay Area’s hunger crisis

support, increasing food prices have burdened both local food banks and people in need. Recognizing their difficulties, communities have contributed to food banks in various ways, especially as unpaid volunteers.

“I found volunteering at food banks a way to help my community,” CSF activity coordinator Aarya Aluri said. “It helps people much more than expected.”

SPORTS

the Epic

15

BY SARAH ZHANG

Priscilla Leang commits to Massachusetts Institute of Technology for fencing

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enior Priscilla Leang began fencing in her first grade. Since then, the sport has followed her changes of residence from New Jersey to China to California. In the fall of 2023, Leang will take up the epee for Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Leang cites her strategizing skills as the reason she can excel at fencing. In fact, many fencers refer to the sport as games of physical chess, demonstrating the

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importance of tactics: knowing how and when to fake or trick the opponent.

“I am not as fast as my peers,” Priscilla said, “so my strategy is more based on distance and timing.”

Priscilla is leaning toward pursuing engineering in college, though she ultimately plans to keep her choices open and explore all MIT has to offer. She is particularly interested in joining MIT’s poker club.

Leang decided to be a student athlete because she values being part of a strong

community, especially in college. And after fencing for 12 years, Leang can’t imagine herself without her epee.

“Even though I have a love-hate relationship with fencing, it has been part of my life for so long,” Leang said. “My relationship with fencing is the same as how most parents love their children despite being annoyed from time to time.”

For fencers and aspiring student athletes, Leang emphasizes the importance of never

giving up on yourself — no matter how slim the chances may seem, there will always be a chance to make a comeback.

Andrew Peng commits to Colorado College for cross country and track and field

enior Andrew Peng has committed to Colorado College for cross country and track and field after four years of consistent training. He plans to major in applied mathematics while continuing his exemplary running career, which has

included his personal record of 2 minutes and 5 seconds in the 800-meter race.

“I’m able to meet other like-minded runners and make new friends through this shared sport,” Peng said. “Running is an outlet to get my mind off academic pressures.”

In ninth grade, Peng signed up for Lynbrook’s cross country team with his friends, initially treating it as a form of endurance training for long-distance races in track and field. Since, Peng has begun to run on a near-daily basis. Peng stays motivated

by reminding himself about what he runs for: faster times and the sunshine and scenery outside.

Peng’s teammates look up to him as a strong leader. Despite not holding the formal position, he is regarded as the team captain.

Before races, Peng brings the team together to warm-up and get ready. He is also often the first person runners will go to with questions.

“He just refuses to give up,” junior Adit Kantak said. “He’s really approachable and

encouraging. With Andrew, I always feel that we’re in it together, and we’re in it to win it.”

Cross country has become more than just exercise to Peng, and he looks forward to running for as long as his body allows him to.

“Know that difficulties and obstacles will come to pass,” Peng said. “If you can work through them, you will be able to return to chasing your goals.”

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY QIANZI LOO AND SARAH ZHANG PHOTOS USED WITH PERMISSION FROM PRISCILLA LEANG AND ANDREW PENG

San Francisco 49ers stay Faithful through their season

BY JASMINE RIHAL

D

espite a rough start to the 2022-23 NFL season, the San Francisco 49ers were able to gain momentum since Week 8, building their 13-4 game winning streak, which they lost in the National Football Conference Championship against the Philadelphia Eagles. Multiple factors have led to their impact this season, such as the trade with running back Christian McCaffrey and the success of backup quarterback Brock Purdy.

On Oct. 20, 2022, the Carolina Panthers traded McCaffrey to the 49ers; his performance with the 49ers has been exemplary — he is now the third in NFL history and first since LaDainian Tomlinson in 2005 to have made a passing, rushing and receiving touchdown in the same game.

“That was a great trade,” senior Edwin Young said. “He’s made a really big impact on our team and we now have a lot of offensive weapons that other teams’ defenses can’t stop.”

Unfortunately, the team still had a slight hiccup. On Dec. 4, 2022, quarterback Jimmy Garoppolo suffered a broken foot, calling in Purdy to take on the starting position.

Though seemingly a setback for many fans, Purdy’s starting fostered a greater success.

He has thrown at least one touchdown in each succeeding game since his substitution and has been the only rookie in NFL history to do so, beating Tom

Brady’s starting-season statistics.

Despite Purdy’s numbers being last in the draft and given the name “Mr. Irrelevant,” he has now risen to be one of the most relevant quarterbacks in NFL history. So far, having thrown two touchdowns per game, as of Week 14, he is No. 1 in passing rates, touchdowns, yards and wins.

“I don’t think anyone expected Purdy to be able to play this well,” math teacher Chris Baugh said. “I can’t name any other player who got drafted as the last pick to make the impact that he made.”

Many other players have also exhibited noteworthy performances on the field, such as defensive end Nick Bosa. Having the highest sack rate and pressures makes him a top contender for the Defensive Player of the Year Award.

“Our defensive coordinator DeMaco Ryans has been coaching these defenders really well,” junior Jeffrey Gao said. “We have so many star players on our defensive end and Ryans has been doing a really good job taking advantage of that.”

On offense, there have been notable plays from wide receivers Deebo Sameul and Brandon Aiyuk, tight end George Kittle and running back Elijah Mitchell.

On the

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY QIANZI LOO AND JASMINE RIHAL

defensive end, safeties Jimmy Ward and Talanoa Hufanga and linebackers Dre Greenlaw and Fred Warner have also been showcasing exceptional plays.

Despite their loss to the Eagles, which caused their season to fall short, the 49ers played the best they could. With all quarterbacks getting injured and McCaffery, a running back, having to step in as quarterback, the team couldn’t keep up in the

NFC Championship game against the Eagles.

Throughout the season, many fans were met with uncertain moments regarding injuries, substitutions and new players, but the 49ers pulled through. With exceptional players and coaching staff, they continued breaking records and bringing themselves to where they stand today. Hopefully, that drive will carry them into another successful season.

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SPORTS

February 06, 2023

Ashton Wu flips to new heights in wushu

BY VIDUSHI UPADHYAY

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lmost every day after school, sophomore Ashton Wu finds himself back at the Elite Kung Fu studio, spending hours repeating the same routines, hoping to achieve perfection with every movement. He never hesitates to allot time to the sport that has brought him through some of the biggest challenges of his life.

Introduced to the sport in third grade by a close friend’s parents, Wu found that the skills that wushu required came to him naturally, and his fascination with the art motivated him to stay dedicated to the sport.

He progressed quickly, switching from a traditional school — where they focus on the art of wushu rather than competition — to Elite Kung Fu, a modern competition team, in seventh grade. Since then, wushu has become integral to Wu’s daily life.

“I had never considered learning wushu, but it was one of the greatest decisions of my life,” Wu said. “Wushu impacts all aspects of my life: my diet, schedule, and mood in the best way possible, and it’s had a large impact on who I’ve grown into.”

Despite his rapid improvement, Wu still faced physical challenges and mental blocks, like losing flexibility with age and maintaining extreme discipline. While working on difficult jumps or experiencing

rough patches, Wu focuses on improving by at least 1% each practice, understanding that consistency of small improvements over time amounts to noticeable growth. With perseverance, Wu pushed himself to work harder every day, eventually bringing himself to competitions across the world, winning a bronze medal at the Pan-American Wushu Championship in 2022 and ranking fifth on the Junior World Wushu Team.

“While standing on the podium, I’m filled with pride and satisfaction,” Wu said. “But when I see my opponents and teammates continuing to give their all, I realize that I haven’t reached my full potential.”

Although wushu is an individual sport, Wu emphasizes the impact his t e a m m a t e s have had on his performance, and how their friendly competition drives him to perform better.

“Having

teammates who communicate well and put in the work helps my own development,” Wu said. “When you see how hard they’re working, it makes you think twice about slacking off.”

Wu will continue to compete for as long as he can and hopes to rise to number one worldwide during his wushu career.

“Wushu has given me a ‘never settle for less’ mindset and has encouraged me to put my best foot forward whenever an opportunity is presented,” Wu said.

“I hope for wushu to be an event in the Olympics one day s o I can become an Olympic medalist.”

“‘Y

ou look really scary for a girl,’” junior and varsity wrestler Claire Lucas said, recalling what someone told her at a past tournament.

“Those words stuck with me for a long time.”

While Lynbrook has always strived to foster a welcoming environment for female athletes, wrestling has always been a maledominated sport and often comes with gender-based stereotypes against female wrestlers. The most common stereotype that Lynbrook wrestlers have reported hearing or experiencing is women are not fit for this sport because they are physically not strong enough. However, people within the wrestling community tend to agree with each other that women are just as capable as men of succeeding in wrestling.

At the beginning of senior and varsity wrestler Faith Wang’s wrestling journey, she often felt distant from her male teammates and received more lenient treatment than others. Realizing the inherently unequal treatment, the varsity team, including both girls and boys, hosted a meeting with their coaches discussing a new priority for equal treatment toward all genders.

“Our team is like a family,” Lynbrook coach Steve Weng said. “The wrestlers treat each other equally and respect and help each other tremendously.”

A large part of why girls may feel discouraged from wrestling stems from body image insecurities. Wrestlers may feel the need to have a more “masculine” build and “mean” face in order to be strong and intimidating enough. However, a wrestler’s appearance

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GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY SARAH ZHANG AND QIANZI LOO PHOTO BY VIDUSHI UPADHYAY

does not solely reflect their performance.

Although boys indeed have a biological strength advantage, a wrestler’s success is also achieved through other factors, including consistent training in technique and mentality — none of which differ between genders.

“I remember there was a coach in our league, who didn’t think girls could wrestle, and I walked into their gym once with eight girls on our team of 18,” said Sergio Gonzales, Miller Middle School wrestling coach. “The other team was giggling, but they weren’t giggling when we won.”

Having female role models on the team is also a large motivator for interested female athletes to join wrestling. Lucas’s journey began with Miller’s team in her sixth grade, and while there were not many girls on the team, there were two older female wrestlers, who were well-respected by their coaches and teammates. Their presence alone helped Lucas feel like she belonged.

“Even though I didn’t know those two girls when I joined, they made me feel that being able to wrestle was a goal that I could attain,” Lucas said. “I wanted to do the same for other girls so they could join and also have someone to look up to.”

After visiting Miller a few years later as a high schooler, Lucas saw about 30 girls in the wrestling room. Reflecting on when there were only five girls on her Miller team, Lucas realized how her influence has rippled an interest in the sport among even more girls.

Title IX,

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Wrestling against gender stereotypes

BY CHELSEA LEE

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established in 1972, requires schools to provide all genders equitable opportunities in programs receiving federal financial assistance. Public schools that wanted to invest in boys’ wrestling programs were also expected to build up their resources for girls.

This has helped bring more tournaments, scholarships and proper equipment to female wrestlers.

To cultivate an equitable environment for both genders, Lynbrook wrestlers stressed the importance of allowing teammates to practice wrestling with each other no matter their gender. The team has found that having all genders practice with each other is a valuable experience for improvement, elimination of stereotypes and team unity.

“As long as you have a partner who is pushing you hard enough, it doesn’t matter if they’re a boy or girl,” senior and varsity wrestler Mohong Li said. “I’ve had plenty of female wrestling partners, and they all have the same abilities and train as hard as everyone else.”

By not allowing stigmas prevent them from enjoying the sport, female wrestlers show their resilience and prove that they too deserve to compete in the playing field.

“The world is sexist, and women get less recognition for the same things that men do,” Gonzales said. “If they’re going to wait around for the world to respect them, it’s probably not going to happen in their lifetime. As a non-male, they’re going to have to demand respect from the people around them, and maybe that’s through wrestling. They’ve got to go out there, earn it, take it and be willing to stand up for who they are.”

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PHOTO BY CHELSEA LEE By not allowing stigmas prevent them from enjoying the sport, female wrestlers show their resilience and prove that they too deserve to compete in the playing field.

valued contributors: Yunhee Hong and Sanghoon Kim.