The Edge, A Leader's Magazine | Exploring The Galaxy

Tourism & Sustainable Travel

Highlighting

Cutting-Edge Tech Trends Revolutionizing Travel

Assessing the Influence of Government Policies on Industry Accountability

Unveiling the Hidden Environmental Costs of Mass Tourism

SPOTLIGHTING INDIGENOUS-LED SUSTAINABLE TOURISM VENTURES IN CANADA

Crafting Effective

Lead Generation Strategies via Competitive Analysis

How the Distinguished Retired Canadian Astronaut

COL. CHRIS HADFIELD

Inspires Millions with his Commitment to Advancing Space Science

Summer 2024 Spring 2024

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OVERVIEW 8

FROM THE EDITOR A Journey Through Travel and Tourism A reflective journey through the evolution of travel experiences, tracing the transition from youthful exploration to strategic engagement as a business leader.

COVER STORY

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(photo courtesy of Shye Klein)

Col. Chris Hadfield Exploring The Galaxy Retired Canadian Astronaut and the first Canadian to command the International Space Station.

BUSINESS Trade Secrets of the Tourism Industry Delve into the intricacies of the tourism industry uncovering the strategies behind attractive destinations, great hospitality, and durable adaptability.

ECONOMICS Unpacking the Environmental Toll of Mass Tourism Explore the ecological consequences of widespread travel, and discovering sustainable solutions for a greener future.

LEADERSHIP Becoming a More Sustainable Traveller Learn practical tips and responsible tourism practices to reduce your environmental footprint while exploring the world.

START-UP The Journey: A Tourism Start-up Experience Gain insights, tackle challenges and strategies for launching a travel venture in the dynamic landscape of tourism start-ups.

WINNERS' CIRCLE

Anne Hathaway Charms in The Romantic Drama "Idea of You" Hathaway plays a single mother in a deep love affair with the lead singer of a popular boy band. Her emotions are very complex amidst a backdrop of self-discovery.

TECH & INNOVATION The Dangers of Building a Science-only Society Navigate the risks of prioritizing scientific perspectives in shaping our collective future, exploring the pitfalls of an overreliance on science in society.

POLICIES Choosing the Ideal Insurance Policy for Sustainable Travel Discover tips for selecting an environmentally responsible flight insurance policy that aligns with your sustainable travel values.

INFOGRAPHIC The Economic Significance of Sustainable Tourism The impact of tourism and sustainable travel on the global economy, highlights critical statistics such as employment opportunities, revenue generation and environmental conservation efforts.

MARKETING & BRANDING 10 Digital Marketing Mistakes and How to Solve Them Identify common mistakes and craft solutions to troubleshoot your digital marketing strategy, ensuring improved results and success.

OVERVIEW

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from the editor

From Backpacks to Boardrooms A Journey Through Travel and Tourism Embarking on a journey through travel and tourism, my experiences as both a curious student and a seasoned business leader intertwine, shaping a narrative reflecting the evolution of my understanding of our planet. From the appealing streets of Quebec City to the rugged landscapes of the Caribbean, each expedition has left an unforgettable mark on my perception of my role in the world.

My earliest adventures in travel began as a student, driven by a genuine desire to explore the wonders of my surroundings alongside teachers and classmates. One particularly memorable excursion transported me to the ancient sites of The White Witch of Rose Hall and Dunn's River Falls. Boarding chartered buses, our journey was laden with anticipation.

Guided by our teachers, we delved into historical records, engaging in tales of bygone eras and marvelling at the architectural wonders that stood as tributes to the past. Yet, beyond the allure of history lay a deeper connection forged through shared experiences. This camaraderie elevated our journey as infectious laughter mingled with the rhythmic hum of the bus's engine. Each step was an opportunity to push beyond our comfort zones and discover the beauty of our surroundings.

As adulthood beckoned, my approach to travel underwent a transformation, guided by newfound purpose and intentionality.

No longer content with mere observation, I sought to engage with Canada's cultural tapestry on a deeper level, connecting with its people and heritage. Quebec City emerged as a pivotal destination, with its cobblestone streets and storied landmarks steeped in centuries of history.

Wanderings through the alleyways of Old Quebec took me back in time, where the walls of La Citadelle and the peaks of Château Frontenac stood as a tribute to human ingenuity.

However, Quebec City was merely beginning a journey across Canada's diverse landscapes and cultures. Inspired to deepen my understanding, I pass through different provinces annually, eager to uncover hidden gems and embrace the kindness of locals who willingly share cultural insights and traditions.

Travel, I discovered, offers a myriad of benefits—both tangible and intangible—that enrich our lives in numerous ways: • It pushes us beyond our comfort zones, fostering personal growth and development.

• It creates lasting memories that offer a sense of fulfillment and accomplishment.

I carry the lessons learned from each adventure, believing in the transformative power of exploration to shape our world for the better. Unexpected encounters often leave the most significant impressions, reminding us of the magic that awaits when we venture off the beaten path.

As global citizens, we must pledge and prioritize sustainability in our journeys, taking actual actions to preserve our planet.

• It broadens our perspectives, challenging preconceived notions and expanding our understanding of different ways of life.

We appreciate your continued support and readership.

• It provides temporary respite from the stresses of daily life, allowing us to disconnect and appreciate the beauty of the world around us.

Jennifer M Williams

• It fosters social connections through shared experiences with fellow travellers.

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"As global citizens, it is incumbent on us to pledge and prioritize sustainability in our journeys, taking actual actions to preserve our planet for generations."

the EDGE Summer 2024

jennifer@theedgeleaders.com

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Photos courtesy of Max Rosenstein

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COL. CHRIS HADFIELD

FROM SPACE INVENTOR TO EARTH'S INSPIRATIONAL VOICE

by Jennifer M. Williams

Col. Chris Hadfield is a distinguished retired Canadian astronaut, recognized for his groundbreaking contributions to space exploration. With a career spanning over 21 years in the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and NASA, Hadfield has earned international commendation for his three space missions, including serving as Commander of the International Space Station (ISS). Notable achievements include being the first Canadian to command the ISS, and conducting spacewalks.

Hadfield's commitment to advancing scientific knowledge in space has inspired millions worldwide, and paved the way for future generations of astronauts. Besides his career in space, he is an accomplished author, entrepreneur, and public speaker, captivating audiences with insights into space exploration and the human experience.

Hadfield's literary pursuits include his acclaimed novel, "The Defector," which delves into themes of resilience and survival in the harsh expanse of space, published in October 2023. His new book, currently unnamed, scheduled for release in 2025, promises to offer readers a deeper glimpse into the complexities and challenges faced by those venturing beyond Earth's atmosphere.

Additionally, Hadfield's entrepreneurial ventures reflect his passion for developing innovative technologies and solutions for future space missions. As a sought-after public speaker, he continues to engage global audiences, sharing experiences from his time in space.

In our exclusive interview, we dive into Hadfield's remarkable journey and aspirations, exploring his legacy beyond Earth, and the impact of his contribution to the world-at-large.

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As the first Canadian to command the International Space Station, what were some of the most memorable experiences during your time as Commander?

My journey began long before assuming command. Deciding to become an astronaut at the age of nine, it took 42 years of dedicated preparation before I commanded a spaceship at the age of 51.

My impending book continues the story of "The Apollo Murders" and "The Defector," taking readers back to space with familiar characters, and introducing new elements to captivate and surprise the audience. With each installment, I aim to provide an insightful exploration of space exploration while maintaining a thrilling narrative that resonates with readers.

The most memorable and valuable experiences occurred during this extensive preparation period, including two previous space flights involving the construction of space stations and spacewalks. These experiences encompass a lifetime of commitment and skill development akin to the training and achievements of an Olympic athlete like Usain Bolt.

Share your writing process and how you balance your time between writing, speaking engagements, and other commitments.

Your book, "The Defector," explores themes of resilience and survival in space. Can you tell us more about this novel's inspiration and significance?

My novel, "The Defector," delves into themes of resilience and survival in space, emphasizing the critical role of technology alongside the human aspect. In crafting my novels, I portray technology as a pivotal character, highlighting its intricate functions and contributions to survival in space. Drawing from my unique perspective as an astronaut, I strive to provide readers with a realistic and fact-filled portrayal of space exploration.

Transitioning from a military pilot to an astronaut posed unique challenges. What key hurdles did you face, and how did you overcome them?

During my third spaceflight, one of the notable challenges we faced was a life-threatening issue that emerged onboard the space station just before our return to Earth. The central coolant system malfunctioned, causing liquid ammonia to spray into the vast expanse of space from our spaceship.

This situation necessitated an urgent and intricate spacewalk to rectify the problem. Despite the gravity of the situation, my crew and I worked together to successfully address the issue, highlighting the crucial role of teamwork in navigating obstacles in the unforgiving space, environment.

Your experiences as an astronaut undoubtedly shaped your approach to leadership and teamwork. Can you share some insights into how these experiences influenced your leadership style?

In my leadership, I emphasize the crucial aspects of clear communication, adaptability, and collaboration. Effective leadership and seamless teamwork are principles for mission success and crew safety in the dynamic space exploration environment.

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In your upcoming book slated for 2025, what topics or themes can readers expect to explore?

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Managing my various commitments requires careful planning and optimization of my time. As the director of several companies, advisor to others, and chair of the board of the Open Lunar Foundation, alongside my involvement in various sustainability projects and touring with my band, time management is paramount. To maintain productivity, I enlist the assistance of a dedicated scheduler who helps organize my schedule, ensuring that I prioritize tasks efficiently.

For my writing process, I've found that carving out dedicated time in the morning works best for me. I begin by engaging in physical activity, followed by a light meal, before immersing myself in writing until midday. This routine allows me to capitalize on my mental clarity and creativity during the morning hours, leaving the afternoons free to address other commitments.

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Your TED Talk, "What I Learned From Going Blind in Space," resonated deeply with audiences. What message do you hope people take away from your shared experiences?

environments. Perseverance is critical to becoming an astronaut or space professional, as the journey may be demanding and competitive to achieve spacefaring aspirations.

My biggest hope is for audiences to have a deeper understanding of fear and its impact on our lives, from my TED Talk. By sharing my experiences, I've highlighted the distinction between fear and danger, emphasizing the importance of confronting fears and seeking competence to overcome them. Our fears have nothing to do with danger; they're just uncertainty. Ultimately, I want to inspire individuals to challenge their fears, and pursue personal growth and fulfillment.

Staying connected with the space community postretirement is essential. How do you continue to contribute to ongoing space exploration efforts?

The motivation behind establishing your business ventures is intriguing. Can you elaborate on what drove you to pursue entrepreneurship, especially in space exploration?

Entrepreneurship, to me, is about innovation and utilizing one's skills and confidence to create something original.

Just as a songwriter crafts a unique song, entrepreneurs in space exploration conceive groundbreaking ideas and technologies that push the boundaries of what's possible.

The space shuttle, for instance, was a culmination of countless entrepreneurial ideas integrated to achieve the extraordinary feat of space travel.

How do you envision advancements in space technology shaping future entrepreneurial opportunities?

Looking ahead, advancements in space technology present unprecedented opportunities for entrepreneurship. From satellite communication to space tourism and asteroid mining, emerging industries drive economic growth and job creation.

Moreover, the exploration and colonization of celestial bodies, such as the moon and Mars, offer fertile ground for entrepreneurial ventures in space infrastructure, resource utilization, and interplanetary transportation. As we navigate towards a sustainable future, entrepreneurship in space will play a pivotal role in addressing global challenges and improving humanity's quality of life within and beyond Earth's boundaries. Entrepreneurs can explore and capitalize on new frontiers in space exploration and commercialization.

Advice for aspiring astronauts or individuals interested in pursuing careers in space exploration is valuable.

What guidance would you offer to those looking to follow in your footsteps?

Cultivating a diverse skill set and a passion for continuous learning are paramount. A solid educational background in STEM fields lays the foundation for space exploration pursuits. Additionally, gaining experience in related fields such as aviation, engineering, research, or military service can provide valuable expertise relevant to space missions.

Developing essential skills such as teamwork, communication, problem-solving, and adaptability is crucial, as space missions demand collaboration and resilience in challenging

Engaging in mentorship, education, and outreach programs allows us to share knowledge and experiences with the next generation of space enthusiasts and professionals. Staying informed about space science, technology, and policy developments enables retired experts to provide valuable insights and perspectives on future space missions and initiatives.

Participation in collaborative research projects, consulting opportunities, or advisory roles within the space industry leverages retired expertise to address current challenges and advance the frontiers of space exploration. Retired space professionals continue to contribute meaningfully to humanity's quest for knowledge and exploration beyond Earth.

Your photography from space has captured imaginations worldwide. What role does visual storytelling play in inspiring interest and support for space exploration?

Human beings are inherently wired to respond to visual narratives, dating back to ancient forms of art found in caves worldwide. Visual storytelling transcends language barriers and resonates with audiences profoundly, evoking curiosity and wonder.

Through photography and videography captured from space, astronauts can share their experiences with millions of people worldwide. Visual imagery conveys space's awe-inspiring beauty and grandeur, igniting imagination and fostering a sense of connection with the cosmos. By leveraging digital photography, videos, social media, interviews, and multimedia projects, astronauts can involve different audiences, inspiring them to explore the wonders of space and support future exploration endeavours.

With extensive public speaking engagements, tailoring your message to diverse audiences must be a skill. How do you adapt your message to resonate with different groups?

Speaking engagements require careful consideration and preparation. Firstly, thoroughly research the audience's demographics, interests, and backgrounds. It enables the speaker to craft a relevant, relatable, and engaging message for the specific audience.

Clear and concise communication is vital, as well as avoiding technical jargon or complex language that may alienate certain audience members. Incorporating storytelling, real-life examples, and visual aids enhances audience comprehension and retention, making the message more accessible and impactful.

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The presentation's interactive elements, such as Q&A sessions, polls, or group discussions, can foster audience participation.

It allows the speaker to address the audience's questions or concerns and adapt the message in real-time based on their feedback. Overall, the goal is to inspire and motivate them to embrace the subject matter and take action based on the insights shared during the presentation.

International collaboration is central to the future of space exploration. In your opinion, what steps can nations take to work together more successfully?

Nations can enhance collaboration by fostering open communication channels and transparent information sharing, which facilitate the identification of shared objectives and priorities. Additionally, they can promote resource-sharing through collaborative projects and encourage mutual benefit and efficiency in space exploration initiatives.

International partnerships are pivotal, leveraging each nation's strengths to achieve shared objectives by pooling resources, expertise, and technological capabilities. Likewise, standardizing protocols and procedures for space missions promotes interoperability and compatibility among space agencies and organizations, streamlining collaborative efforts and enhancing mission success.

What are the most significant challenges humanity must overcome to establish a sustainable presence beyond Earth?

We are advancing technology for life support and habitat construction, ensuring environmental sustainability through recycling and resource management, and safeguarding astronaut health amidst prolonged space missions. Also, fostering economic viability with commercial ventures like space tourism and asteroid mining is crucial.

Addressing ethical and legal considerations such as property rights and environmental protection is vital. Furthermore, public engagement and education are paramount to garnering support and inspiring future generations. These multifaceted challenges demand sustained innovation, investment, and cooperation to realize humanity's enduring presence in space.

The evolution of space tourism is fascinating. How do you foresee this sector developing, and what impact might it have on broader space exploration efforts?

As this sector continues to develop, I foresee it becoming increasingly accessible to a broader range of people, with advancements in technology making space travel safer, more affordable, and more enjoyable. This expansion of space tourism could significantly ripple effects on broader space exploration efforts. Firstly, it could generate substantial revenue streams, driving further innovation and investment in space technology and infrastructure.

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Similarly, increased public interest and participation in space travel could bolster public support for space exploration initiatives, leading to greater political will and funding for ambitious missions to explore and colonize other celestial bodies. Furthermore, the growth of space tourism could foster international collaboration as countries work together to regulate and manage space traffic, ensuring the safety and sustainability of space activities. Overall, the development of space tourism holds the potential to revolutionize our relationship with space and accelerate humanity's journey to the stars.

Considering the growing concerns about carbon emissions, how do you think the space industry can contribute to mitigating its environmental impact, particularly regarding space travel and satellite deployment?

One significant avenue for the space industry to contribute to environmental sustainability is the advancement of satellite technology. Satellites offer a unique vantage point to monitor and understand environmental phenomena, such as ice melt in regions like Greenland, with unparalleled efficiency and precision. Investing in satellite-based observation systems can gather crucial data on climate trends and ecological changes while minimizing the environmental footprint associated with data collection.

The ongoing drive towards miniaturization and efficiency in satellite design allows for the deployment of smaller, more resource-efficient payloads. Modern satellites with advanced sensors and imaging technology can accomplish tasks that previously required more significant, resource-intensive spacecraft. For instance, miniature satellites, often no larger than a toaster, can now provide high-resolution mapping of the Earth's surface daily. This miniaturization trend reduces the environmental impact of satellite deployment and enhances the agility and cost-effectiveness of space-based observation missions.

In parallel, strides in rocket technology offer additional avenues for environmental stewardship within the space industry. The pursuit of reusable launch systems, exemplified by endeavours such as SpaceX's development of the Starship spacecraft, represents a significant step towards reducing the carbon footprint of space travel. Reusable rockets drastically decrease the resource consumption and waste associated with each launch, ushering in a new era of sustainability in space exploration.

Your experiences with the Canadian Armed Forces and NASA provide unique insights into risk management.

How do you approach risk assessment in high-stakes environments?

I've gleaned invaluable lessons and adopted a meticulous and systematic approach to risk assessment. I prioritize thorough preparation and training to mitigate known risks and ensure my team, and I equip ourselves to handle unexpected challenges.

I'll emphasize open communication and collaboration, encouraging everyone to voice their concerns and contribute to identifying potential risks.

Besides, I leverage data and expertise from diverse sources to inform my decision-making process, considering past experiences, scientific evidence, and expert opinions. However, I recognize the importance of embracing calculated risks to pursue ambitious aspirations, understanding that innovation and progress often require stepping outside our comfort zones. Ultimately, my approach to risk assessment balances caution with courage, allowing me to navigate high-stakes environments confidently and resiliently.

For individuals embarking on long-duration space missions, what do you consider the most critical skills they should possess?

Having vigorous physical health is vital, as space travellers may be isolated from rapid medical care for extended periods.

They must demonstrate a proven ability to learn complex tasks and languages, as mastering intricate systems and communication protocols is essential. Another crucial skill is the capacity to make sound decisions under pressure, especially when faced with life-or-death scenarios. Technical competence is also vital, as space missions demand a deep understanding of spacecraft systems and operations.

Likewise, interpersonal skills such as empathy, compassion, and effective leadership are indispensable for fostering a cohesive and supportive team dynamic in the confined space of a spacecraft. Overall, physical resilience, cognitive adaptability, technical proficiency, and interpersonal understanding are essential for individuals undertaking the rigours of longduration space travel.

Reflecting on your career, which moments or achievements are you most proud of, and why?

I take immense pride in the journey my wife and I have shared since high school. Together, we have pursued our dreams, raised a family, and embarked on multiple career paths, supporting each other every step of the way. Our enduring bond and the accomplishments of our children bring me intense satisfaction.

My varied professional experiences bring me great pride.

From serving as a fighter pilot defending Canada to working as an astronaut and later as NASA's director in Russia, each role has presented unique challenges and opportunities for growth, which I embrace eagerly. Transitioning into roles within the private sector and academia further enriches my journey, and I am excited about the possibilities in my future career.

Summary As we conclude our conversation with Col. Chris Hadfield, it's clear that his journey has been nothing short of extraordinary.

From dreaming of the stars as a child to commanding the International Space Station, Chris's story is about perseverance, strength of character and the relentless quest for excellence. //

Summer 2024

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business

HOW INDIGENOUS BUSINESSES ARE PAVING THE WAY IN CANADIAN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

by Marcus Medford

C

anada’s sustainable tourism industry has seen exponential growth in popularity over the last decade and Indigenous business owners are leading the charge. Indigenous tourism is characterized by businesses that are majority-owned, operated and/or controlled by First Nations, Métis, or Inuit people. Indigenous tourism differs from traditional tourism because it encourages tourists to be more intentional when they’re travelling.

Indigenous tourism asks visitors to practice awareness and understanding, to demonstrate a connection and responsibility to the local Indigenous communities and the territories where their operations are based. Both Indigenous tourism and slow tourism are part of the growing slow tourism movement, which prioritizes reducing mobility, taking time to explore local history and culture while protecting the environment.

According to the Indigenous Tourism Association of Canada (ITAC), the Indigenous tourism sector in particular was booming.

At its peak in 2019, Indigenous-led sustainable tourism contributed $1.9B to Canada's GDP. If demand continues to rise at a similar pace, those revenues could triple by 2030.

Keith Henry, president and CEO of the ITAC, hopes that the growing interest in sustainable tourism represents a shift in perspective for travellers.

“Hopefully, when they go to a destination, they truly want to respect it, learn about it, learn from it, and leave it in as good a place as they found, if not better,” Henry said.

Some people see sustainable tourism as a way for people to participate in reconciliation because it involves learning about and participating in Indigenous cultures, which is one of the objectives of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

Henry says Indigenous-led sustainable tourism experiences are particularly important because they provide people with “fun” and “safe” opportunities to engage in reconciliation, which is often a heavy and emotional subject people might want to avoid. Henry says simply engaging with sustainable tourism, especially Indigenous-run businesses, can be an act of reconciliation.

“When you support Indigenous-owned businesses, that in itself is a form of economic and cultural reconciliation. If we want culture to survive in Canada, we have to find ways to contribute to that,” Henry explained.

The link between sustainability tourism and reconciliation, as well as the benefits that come from them, aren’t just for visitors or the environment, but for the Indigenous people involved, too. Increased interest in sustainable tourism creates opportunities for First Nations to share their expertise – particularly for elders – as well as opportunities for economic growth, both of which can contribute to growing intercultural awareness and cultural revival.

According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization’s Recommendations on Sustainable Development of Indigenous Tourism, Indigenous tourism “spurs cultural interaction and revival, bolsters employment, empowers local communities, especially women and youth, and encourages tourism product diversification, allows people to retain their relationship with the land and nurtures a sense of pride.”

Indigenous communities that embrace being leaders in the sustainable tourism industry, help make the communities themselves sustainable financially, and more self-sufficient.

Indigenous-led sustainable tourism emphasizes autonomy, as opposed to being acted upon, and is philosophically aligned with the Landback movement.

Indigenous communities participating in the sustainable tourism industry also gives them an opportunity to show off the uniqueness of their communities and define themselves on their own terms. Indigenous-led sustainable tourism also shifts the balance of power back into the hands of Indigenous people, giving communities more control over which aspects of their culture, including the land, are shared, what’s preserved, and how.

Henry points out that before contact, all of Canada’s lands were stewarded by Indigenous people for generations, and embracing sustainable tourism principles is a return to that way of life. //

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business

CYGNAE LASHAE SWAN Charting New Horizons

by Jorge Marshall

T

he leadership journey in aviation can be turbulent, especially for women navigating a predominantly male-dominated field. Despite the historical challenges women have faced in the aviation industry, Swan's remarkable journey highlights the transformative power of perseverance and passion.

Undeterred by the barriers in her path, she forged ahead and assumed the helm of an aviation firm.

As the president of C Wright Aviation, Swan's ascent to leadership has not only challenged the status quo, but also paved the way for future female trailblazers. Her journey signifies the importance of inclusion in fostering innovation and progress within the aviation sector.

Photo courtesy of Cygnae Lashae Swan

As a woman in the aviation industry, how do you handle challenges?

The aviation industry has long been characterized by its male-dominated culture, presenting many challenges for women seeking leadership positions.

Throughout my journey, I encountered skepticism, bias, and even outright discrimination.

However, I refused to be deterred by these obstacles. Instead, I persevered with unwavering determination, relying on my expertise, skills, and sheer grit to break through the glass ceiling carved out a path to leadership.

What strategies have you implemented to foster diversity and inclusion ensuring you represent women?

Inclusion within my organization has been a top priority from Day One. I've executed various strategies to cultivate a supportive and inclusive workplace culture to achieve this. It includes actively recruiting and promoting talented women, providing mentorship and leadership development opportunities, and creating a culture of respect and equality. We've been able to harness the unique perspectives and talents of all employees, driving innovation and success.

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In Swan, we find a visionary—a human spirit who dares to imagine a future where gender is no longer a limitation but a source of strength.

Swan has propelled her company to new heights and serves as an inspiring example for the entire industry.

Can you share a pivotal moment in your career, where taking a significant risk led to a substantial payoff?

Instead of conforming to the aggressive and competitive mindset often associated with success in this field, I led with empathy, integrity, and collaboration.

While some doubted the viability of this approach, I remained steadfast in my convictions. The payoff came when I witnessed a positive shift in organizational culture, with employees feeling empowered and valued, and clients responding favourably to our commitment to excellence and integrity.

It was a reminder that, sometimes, the greatest risks yield the most significant rewards.

How do you balance the demands of leadership, with maintaining a sense of authenticity and integrity?

I firmly believe that staying true to one’s self is non-negotiable. To maintain authenticity, I prioritize transparency, honesty, and open communication in all my interactions. Additionally, I make a conscious effort to lead by example, embodying the values and principles that are important to me personally and professionally. While it may require navigating, staying true to my authentic self ultimately ensures that I lead with integrity, and earn the trust and respect of those around me.

In your experience, what technological advancements have significantly impacted the aviation industry, and how has your firm adapted?

Over the years, the aviation industry has witnessed remarkable technological advancements that have revolutionized everything from aircraft design to air traffic management. One such advancement is the emergence of digitalization and automation, which has streamlined operations, enhanced safety, and improved efficiency. At our firm, we've embraced these technological innovations by investing in state-of-the-art systems and equipment, implementing digital solutions for maintenance and scheduling, and leveraging data analytics to optimize fleet performance.

How does your firm address the challenges of carbon emissions and environmental impact?

Given the significant impact of aviation on the environment, environmental sustainability is a critical consideration for our firm. To address these challenges, we've implemented a comprehensive sustainability strategy focusing on reducing carbon emissions, minimizing waste, and promoting eco-friendly practices. It includes investing in fuelefficient aircraft, optimizing flight routes to reduce fuel consumption, and exploring alternative fuels and propulsion technologies. Additionally, we've initiated various recycling and waste reduction programs at our facilities. //

business

SCOTT KEYES

Exploring the World One Deal at a Time

by David Messiha

E

ver wondered if you could find a cheap flight deal to your favourite destination in the world with as much as a 90 per cent discount off the ticketed price? Granted, that could be a challenge, yet Scott Keyes, founder and chief flight expert at Going, figured out a way to do just that while growing members for his expanding website.

Initially starting as a travel service called Scott’s Cheap Travels, Going emerged as a strong rebrand for Scott’s ever-increasing number of subscribers, almost edging over two million and counting.

With more than $500 million in flights offered, Going promises to revamp the travel experience by providing deals to entice people to take more vacations at affordable prices. Below, Scott discusses the secret sauce behind his website and app.

Photo courtesy of Scott Keyes

Where did the idea behind Going start from?

How does your website and app facilitate flight deals?

Most founders really wanted to start a company and search around for their million-dollar idea. I was the opposite.

We search for cheap flights all day, every day. You tell us your home airport and when a cheap flight pops-up from there, we send simple alerts to members notifying them and giving details like when it’s available and how long we think the price drop will last.

I never intended to be a start-up founder, but I was a recent college graduate with dreams to travel and little money to do so.

The only way I could afford it was through cheap flights. For years, I studied airfare and watched its behavior until it culminated in 2013 with the best deal of my life: nonstop from New York City to Milan for $130 roundtrip.

Why is your motto “Take more vacations?”

Most people want to travel far more than they actually do.

When I got back from a trip spent skiing in the Alps and hiking in Cinque Terre, friends and coworkers kept coming up to me with the same question:

The biggest barrier for many is the price of flights. Ask yourself: If flights to Europe were $200 roundtrip, how many more trips would you take? My goal isn’t to convince people to take more vacations; it’s to allow them to take the vacations they already want.

“Next time you find a deal like that, will you let me know?” The simplest way not to forget anyone, I realized, was to start a simple email list.

You are obviously well-travelled.

What country would you want to visit again and why?

For the next two years, I found cheap flights and sent them out to the list as a hobby, until 2015 it had grown large enough that it was time to explore turning it into a business.

Today, Going has millions of members and 75 employees—something I never would’ve expected.

Taiwan. It’s an incredibly lush country with delicious and affordable food and beautiful outdoorsy options.

Driving a moped through the Taroko Gorge—you could imagine the Grand Canyon but instead of being brown and deserty it’s green and forested—it is among the top five travel memories in my life. As soon as I left, I have been pining to return.

Can you tell us about your book “Take More Vacations: How to search better, book cheaper and travel the world?”

The goal of the book is to give people the tools to find cheap flights and to show them how they’re even more valuable than we thought. Airfare is the most confusing and volatile purchase we make. This dissonance results in people overpaying for flights and taking fewer trips. But if you understand how airfare works and start making cheap flights a reality, your travel life opens up.

Not only can you take more trips for the same amount of money you used to pay, but you can also visit more destinations along the way.

What advice would you give aspiring entrepreneurs wanting to establish their own business?

Don’t underestimate the role luck plays.

Every entrepreneur works extremely hard, but only a small percentage of start-ups achieve some level of success.

Don’t put your life savings into an idea right away. Be quick to test your product among users.

If you’ve got product-market fit, you won’t feel you have to ask for donations; people will want to pay you to use it. If you’re not sensing that fit, you’ll be glad you didn’t liquidate your life savings, and you’ve got resources for the next idea. //

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business

HOW THE INDUSTRY’S GREEN INITIATIVES ARE SHAPING TOURISM

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by Nigel Taklalsingh n recent years, the tourism industry has experienced a transformation driven by a growing awareness of environmental issues and the urgency to address climate change. This shift towards sustainability is no longer a trend, but a strategic imperative for businesses operating in this sector. Green initiatives are increasingly influencing the way tourism operates, affecting consumer choices, and driving innovation.

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business

The Shift Towards Sustainability

Intrepid Travel

The traditional model of tourism focused mainly on profit maximization, with little consideration for its environmental and social impacts. However, as concerns over climate change, resource depletion, and biodiversity loss have intensified, stakeholders across the tourism value chain are recognizing the need for a more sustainable approach. Several factors are driving this change.

As a leading adventure travel company, Intrepid Travel has been at the forefront of promoting responsible tourism practices, with its focus on creating “…positive change through the joy of travel”. The company focuses on small-group tours that minimize environmental impact and maximize benefits to local communities. They support community-based tourism initiatives and invest in carbon offset projects to mitigate emissions from its operations. They have been carbon neutral since 2010. In 2024, Intrepid Travel established a goal of transitioning to 100 per cent renewable energy by 2030.

Consumer Demand and Ethical Preferences Travelers today are increasingly conscious about their environmental and social footprint when they travel. According to the Global Sustainable Tourism Council, ”...72 per cent of global travellers believe that people need to act now to save the planet for future generations.” As a result, there is a growing demand for eco-friendly accommodations, responsible tour operators, and sustainable experiences. Businesses that fail to align with these ethical preferences risk losing market share and damaging their reputation.

Regulatory Pressures and Industry Standards Governments and regulatory bodies are enacting stricter environmental regulations and standards to mitigate the impact of tourism on fragile ecosystems and communities.

For example, the Sustainable Hospitality Alliance and the World Travel & Tourism Council have developed the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative (HCMI) to help hotels track and reduce their carbon emissions. Compliance with such standards not only ensures legal compliance, but also enhances brand credibility and competitiveness in the marketplace.

Airbnb In 2022, Airbnb launched its Supplier Sustainability Program targeting suppliers, as they account for 96 per cent of emissions.

Nearly 70 suppliers, representing 61 per cent of emissions, committed to measuring, reporting, and reducing their greenhouse gas footprint. Expansion plans include additional suppliers and educational resources to support sustainability commitments. The program aims to drive progress within the business community, fostering a collective effort towards a more sustainable future.

How Businesses Can Capitalize on the Trend Conduct a Sustainability Audit Evaluate your current operations to identify areas for improvement and set measurable sustainability goals. Consider factors such as energy consumption, waste generation, water usage, and community engagement. Tools such as the Global Sustainable Tourism Council's criteria can guide best practices.

Long-Term Economic Viability

Invest in Eco-Friendly Practices

Embracing sustainability is not just a moral imperative, but also a smart business strategy. Companies that invest in green initiatives can reduce operational costs, enhance resource efficiency, and capitalize on revenue opportunities in this market. According to an industry analysis by Technavio, the sustainable tourism market is projected to increase by USD 918 million by 2027.

Implement environmentally friendly initiatives such as energyefficient lighting, water-saving fixtures, waste recycling programs, and renewable energy sources. Partner with suppliers and vendors who share your commitment to sustainability and prioritize eco-friendly products and services.

Real-World Examples of Sustainable Practices

Involve employees, customers, and local communities in sustainability efforts through awareness campaigns, training programs, and collaborative projects. Educate travellers about the importance of responsible tourism practices and empower them to make sustainable choices during their journeys.

Several companies have embraced sustainability as a core value and implemented innovative practices to minimize their environmental footprint. Three notable examples include:

Marriott International Marriott International, one of the world's largest hotel chains, has embarked on an ambitious sustainability journey with its "Serve 360: Doing Good in Every Direction" initiative. The company aims to reduce its environmental impact with a 30 per cent reduction in carbon intensity and a 15 per cent reduction in water intensity by 2025. Marriott has implemented energy-efficient technologies, water conservation measures, and waste reduction strategies across its properties worldwide.

Engage Stakeholders and Educate Consumers

The ‘business case’ for tourism businesses to be part of this transformation is evident. The industry is shifting towards sustainability driven by environmental concerns and consumer demand. Regulations, and economic benefits are contributing to this change. Industry leaders like Marriott International, Intrepid Travel, and Airbnb have implemented eco-friendly practices to minimize their environmental impact. Businesses can capitalize on this change by conducting sustainability audits, investing in green initiatives, and educating consumers about responsible tourism. //

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business

TRADE SECRETS OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

by Sean Plummer

W

hen it comes to tourism, that industry’s stakeholders – travel agents, resorts, and airlines among them – are primarily united in their goals: to make travellers happy and themselves profitable.

They accomplish this by employing a variety of insider strategies the end user does not see. Many involve making it easy for a traveller to ‘interact’ with their vacation, not only beforehand, but during and afterwards. These interactions not only reinforce excitement surrounding their trip, but loyalty to their resort and travel agent.

One example are the Facebook groups resorts run to give vacationers a forum in which to get their questions answered well in advance of their departure date. Many modern tourists want to be as well-prepared for their vacation as possible, especially if even a quick smartphone Google search in a foreign country is as prohibitively expensive as it is for Canadians. So, if their resort can help them out – for example, by explaining how to pre-book a dinner reservation at an in-demand resort restaurant – it helps to create an allegiance that may see them return the next year.

means we will put up with relatively bland meals and a lack of entertainment if the resorts put their dollars into keeping their beaches beautiful and safe. Tourists willing to spend a bit more are likelier to pick the Dominican Republic, where the food is better and the beaches are nice, but the rooms may not be great. Because the resorts and tourists mutually understand that cutting corners in this area is acceptable, everyone benefits.

Savvy resorts are also keenly aware that their visitors will be posting about their vacations on social media. So, they create photo opportunities that are easy to share on Instagram, Facebook, and other platforms. That may mean installing a beautiful ocean-side gazebo or making sure that food is plated beautifully. These are simple and inexpensive ways to make visitors feel luxurious without charging them luxury prices.

A related strategy is the ‘familiarization’ (or ‘fam’) trip. This involves resorts or tour companies inviting journalists or social media influencers to tour a property for free (or at a vastly discounted rate) in order to generate positive content for their audiences or followers.

Interestingly, some of the biggest travel influencers are travel agents. Not only do they generate photos and videos for their social media channels, but they can directly sell potential tourists on the properties they have visited personally.

Clients benefit from the agent’s direct knowledge of a resort, and the agent gets a working vacation. Plus, the latter are naturally more likely to recommend the destinations they have actually visited.

Another key method employed by resorts to maximize patronage and minimize their spend per tourist is to use their experience (and data analytics) to identify vacation package price points that are low enough to attract the average family, while offering just enough amenities to keep them happy.

For instance, Cuba is a top destination among Canadian tourists. This is in part because the industry knows that Canadians visit the island for its beaches, not its food. That

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Resorts give further comfort to unseasoned travelers by bundling these vacations into an inclusive price, so the customer doesn’t have to stress about much more than simply showing up at their departure gate on time. That provides a comfortable experience that is appreciated by vacationers who don’t have much experience traveling outside the bubble of resort life.

Speaking of inclusive pricing, one of the key ways travel industry stakeholders drive bookings is to push tourists to drink. Thanks to decades of successful marketing and the perhaps unwitting collusion of Hollywood (think The Hangover series), ‘great’ vacations are often tied into the consumption of alcohol. That might mean resort bars offering customers big fruity drinks that look great on their Instagram feeds or slightly higher inclusive prices to access ‘top shelf’ liquor.

Nowadays, when it comes to tourism, boozes and beaches go together.

Another decades-old strategy of travel package retailers and all-inclusive hotels and cruises is to create FOMO around holiday travel. While the industry knows that flights and hotels are up to 60 per cent cheaper in the weeks after a major holiday period (like Spring Break), they continue to cultivate consumer desire to want to travel at these most popular times of the year. This, in turn, drives profits for stakeholders like the airlines, agents, hotels, and resorts, because bookings and prices are inflated by the demand. What do tourists get?

Bragging rights over friends and colleagues who didn’t spend their holidays in crowded airports!

There’s no doubt that travel industry stakeholders want to make money. But they are keenly aware that they can only do so when tourists enjoy getting on a plane, but don’t feel they’re getting taken for a ride. //

economics

UNPACKING THE ENVIRONMENTAL TOLL OF MASS TOURISM

by Maureen Simpson

A

paradox lies in the vast expanse of Canada's natural beauty: the allure of its landscapes and vibrant cultures has made it a magnet for tourists worldwide. But while tourism brings economic prosperity and cultural exchange, it also exacts a toll on our environment,

Understanding the Impact We cannot ignore the rise of mass tourism, which has brought many environmental challenges. From the carbon emissions of air travel to the strain on delicate ecosystems and wildlife habitats, the consequences of unchecked tourism are far-reaching and complex. The rapid development of tourist infrastructure often leads to deforestation, habitat destruction, and pollution, threatening the biodiversity that sustains our ecosystems.

Climate Change Concerns At the forefront of these challenges is the issue of climate change, exacerbated by the carbon footprint of mass tourism. Air travel alone accounts for a significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to rising temperatures, sea level rise, and extreme weather events.

As Canada strives to meet its climate targets and uphold its commitment to environmental sustainability, addressing the carbon-intensive nature of tourism is vital.

Preserving Cultural Heritage Beyond the environmental impact, mass tourism also threatens Canada's rich cultural heritage and indigenous traditions. The influx of visitors often leads to the commodification and erosion of cultural identity, perpetuating stereotypes and diminishing the authenticity of local communities. We must prioritize the preservation of cultural heritage and empower indigenous peoples to benefit equitably from tourism while safeguarding their traditions.

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threatening the treasures that draw visitors in droves. As stewards of Canada's tourism and environmental sectors, we must confront these challenges head-on and chart a course towards sustainable tourism practices that preserve our natural heritage for generations to come.

economics

Promoting Sustainable Tourism Practices A concerted effort is needed to promote sustainable practices and responsible travel behaviour. The process includes investing in eco-friendly infrastructure, implementing waste management systems, and supporting communitybased tourism initiatives prioritizing environmental conservation and cultural preservation. By encouraging alternative modes of transportation and promoting off-peak travel seasons, we can reduce the carbon footprint of tourism and alleviate pressure on popular destinations.

Enhancing Environmental Education Educating tourists about the importance of environmental conservation and responsible travel practices is essential in adopting a culture of sustainability.

Information on local ecosystems, wildlife habitats, and cultural sensitivities can encourage visitors to make informed decisions that minimize their environmental impact and respect local communities.

Encouraging Resident Populations Encouraging local communities to participate in and benefit from tourism initiatives is critical to ensuring the industry's long-term sustainability. Supporting community-based tourism enterprises, providing training and capacity-building programs, and facilitating equitable partnerships between stakeholders can enhance economic opportunities for residents while preserving cultural heritage and environmental integrity.

Investing in Green Technologies

Collaborative Action

Investing in innovative green technologies and renewable energy solutions can help reduce the environmental footprint of tourism infrastructure and operations.

From energy-efficient buildings and transportation systems to sustainable garbage administration practices, embracing green technologies can lower carbon emissions, minimize resource consumption, and enhance the overall sustainability of the tourism industry.

Addressing the environmental challenges of mass tourism requires collaboration across government agencies, industry stakeholders, local communities, and tourists. Through fostering partnerships and dialogue, Canada can develop holistic strategies that balance economic growth with environmental protection and cultural preservation. As Tourism and Environment advocates, we are responsible for leading by example and championing sustainable tourism practices. We must ensure tourism enriches lives while safeguarding the planet for future generations to explore and enjoy.

Strengthening Policy Frameworks Strengthening policy frameworks and regulations to promote sustainability and enforce responsible tourism practices is essential for achieving long-term environmental goals. Implementing carbon pricing, ecotourism certifications, and protected area management plans can incentivize businesses and tourists to adopt sustainable behaviours and support conservation efforts.

Investing in Sustainable Tourism Research Allocating resources towards sustainable tourism research facilitates the development of innovative solutions and best practices.

Reckon that we understand the complexities of tourism's environmental impact and identify opportunities for improvement. In that case, we can ensure that our strategies are informed by evidence and expertise, leading to more effective conservation efforts and a more sustainable tourism industry overall.

The Bottom Line Mass tourism's environmental toll is a pressing issue that demands urgent attention and collective action. Recognizing the interconnectedness of environmental sustainability, cultural heritage, and economic development, Canada can pioneer a more responsible and resilient tourism industry. Together, let us embark on this journey toward a sustainable future where all can revel in the wonders of Canada's landscapes and cultures without compromising the integrity of our planet. //

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economics

CONSUMERISM AND SUSTAINABILITY ARE AT ODDS IN THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY

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by Nick Dauk lthough the concept of using a sustainable travel product is a more responsible alternative than utilizing a single-use product, the reality is that the creation, marketing, usage, and disposal of these products ranges on a sustainability spectrum.

The challenge that sustainable travel products present embodies the greater dilemma facing the industry: what is considered necessity, what is considered excessive, and who is responsible for managing this spectrum?

From creation to consumer: The challenges of sustainable travel products

about the ecological creation, impact, or benefits of a product — is present throughout the travel industry.

How often will a consumer consider the environmental impact of a souvenir?

Depending on a country’s laws and regulations regarding the marketing of sustainable products, a manufacturer may be legally permitted to print “eco-friendly” or “made from recycled materials” without providing the context.

And if they purposely purchase an item that claims to be ecofriendly, how educated and motivated are they to dispose of the item in a way that positively impacts the environment?

Being “sustainable” isn’t a single act, but rather, a cyclical process that encounters challenges at every stage.

Challenge: Creating a truly sustainable product An argument for abandoning a plastic product in favor of a wooden or metallic product is that many plastics are produced in ways that deplete natural resources and cannot be recycled.

But the solution isn’t as simple as trading a plastic drinking straw for a paper or metal straw.

Cutting down on single-use plastic straws is a step towards sustainability, but using its alternative is not necessarily an act of sustainability. Trading every plastic straw for a paper straw will inevitably impact the environment; even if the majority of straws are manufactured with recycled paper pulp, forests will be cut down to meet consumer demand.

(Metal straws also require finite resources, both for their composition and the energy required in their creation.)

The only way to “sustain” these forests is through regeneration, which is why sustainable production must include regenerative practices that restore the resources used throughout the production line.

Challenge: Marketing a sustainable product Terms like “eco-friendly” and “sustainably produced” are used in the travel industry both accurately and inaccurately. The practice of greenwashing — making misleading statements

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For instance, a “made from post-consumer waste” product may only be made with a small percentage of post-consumer waste, with the majority of its constitution made up of firstrun resources.

Taking an opportunity to educate the consumer about a sustainable travel product’s creation and intended lifecycle empowers them to make a conscious decision about how and why they’re choosing these products.

Challenge: Using a sustainable travel product Once a consumer has purchased a sustainable travel product, it’s up to them to responsibly use it. Unfortunately, it’s not always practical or possible.

Using the metal drinking straw example, a consumer should be able to take this item on virtually any vacation without inconvenience. That doesn’t necessarily mean that they’ll always pack the straw, use the straw, and actively seek out ways to reduce their plastic usage.

Also, an argument can be made that a reusable bottle is more sustainable than the straw: not all beverages are served with or require a straw, yet all beverages must be served in and require a container. The inherent use of a sustainable travel product creates unique challenges.

Whether on an airplane or in a restaurant, an employee may not be permitted to make and pour a beverage directly into a consumer’s reusable bottle. Thus, bringing a reusable bottle on an airplane defeats its sustainability efforts if the airline crew must first serve you a drink in a single-use plastic cup.

economics

Challenge: Discarding a sustainable travel product What becomes of a sustainable travel product at the end of its consumer lifecycle?

A metal straw can be recycled and a paper straw can be composted, but what of other “sustainable” travel products?

Opting for a silicone reusable product can cut down on plastic usage, though its method of creation is not sustainable and it’s difficult to properly recycle.

And no matter how recyclable or recyclable an item is, there’s always a risk that it ends up in a landfill, whether by choice or circumstance.

The lifecycle of a sustainable travel product from creation to consumer presents many challenges, though it ultimately asks, “how much is too much?”. Consumerism dictates that more is better; sustainability dictates that one is enough.

Both producing and purchasing sustainable travel products challenge consumers and creators to question why a product should be present in the marketplace and in their lives. It seems that finding an ecologically responsible answer that still enables businesses to sustain their operations is the most challenging aspect of all. //

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economics

EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM FOR DEVELOPMENT

by Peter Campbell

I

n recent years, many popular global destinations – along with the people who lived at those destinations – were becoming increasingly hurt by tourism, rather than benefitting from it. So-called “overtourism” had become a daily hindrance, especially during peak travel periods.

But: You’ve heard the expression “the trip of a lifetime”.

What if your travels could actually have a positive impact on someone else’s life or community?

Such is the developing potential of Sustainable Tourism.

A Trek by Any Other Name From overcrowding, to litter, to wear-and-tear on local architecture, tourism was starting to seem more of a blight than a blessing.

However, travellers and tourism do have the opportunity – whether directly or indirectly – to leave their destinations a better place than when they arrived... if they put their minds towards it.

The overall concept of Sustainable Tourism can go by a variety of names: Sustainable Tourism, Sustainable Travel, Green Tourism, Ecotourism, Responsible Tourism, Nature Positive Tourism, Sustainable Development, etc.

There are minor differences between one another, but they all boil down to one thing: stop and smell the rosy world around you; all the while, respect the world around you by consciously being a valuable part of it.

Respecting where you are came strongly to life with lines like “Pick up your litter, leave nothing but a footprint”. Postpandemic, however, we all had a chance to truly see the world for something more than just “a place to live”; and Sustainable Tourism took hold... and grew.

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The Journey towards Developmental Sustainability Begins with a Single Step Tourism, of course, has both positive and negative impacts.

Negative impacts to a destination can include economic leakage, damage to the natural environment, and overcrowding.

Meanwhile, on the positive side, tourism to a destination includes job creation, and cultural heritage preservation/interpretation, as well as wildlife preservation and landscape restoration.

Described as a concept that covers the complete tourism experience, Sustainable Tourism includes concerns for social, economic, and environmental issues, along with improving tourists’ experiences and addressing the needs of host communities.

There are several steps one can take towards being a sustainable tourist – from avoiding air travel when possible, choosing sustainable accommodations, and reducing plastic waste, to engaging with the locals, purchasing locally made items, choosing less popular destinations, and protecting wildlife and other natural areas.

economics

From a developmental standpoint, Sustainable Tourism should result in three things: 1) Making optimal use of environmental resources that not only constitute a key element in tourism development, but also help to conserve natural heritage and biodiversity.

2) Respecting the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities while conserving their cultural heritage and traditional values.

3) Ensuring viable long-term economic operations, including stable employment and income-earning opportunities, along with social services to host communities.

Connecting with the soul of a place – whether that “soul” be its people, its food, its history, its architecture, its language or all of the above – can be extremely satisfying and rewarding, to you and to the people/culture around you.

Our world doesn’t simply develop as a result of us being in it, but it does develop when we mindfully engage with what surrounds us.

Look at it this way: no matter where you go, there you are – so make it sustainably count. //

The Pillars of Sustainability Though developing countries are especially interested in international tourism and what it could bring, the Big Dollars do not always trickle down to the sectors that may need those dollars the most.

As a result, the GSTC (Global Sustainable Tourism Council) built a set of criteria that serve as the global standards for sustainability in travel and tourism. The criteria – which are used for education and awareness-raising as well as policy-making for businesses, government agencies and other organization types – consist of four pillars: • • • •

Sustainable Management Cultural Impacts Socioeconomic Impacts Environmental Impacts

Capable of developing infrastructure, promoting culture, preserving heritage, and creating employment opportunities, Sustainable Tourism has the power to actually change the way locals think about tourism.

Along with creating job opportunities and generating economic growth, sustainable tourism also has the ability to contribute to socio-cultural empowerment, cross-cultural exchanges, entrepreneurial ideas, the discovery of new ways to monetize skills, and the ability to support local communities and host societies through sustainable development.

Move Mindfully / A Greater Appreciation Whether you’re going around the block or around the world, keeping others in mind is key. Treat others how you’d like to be treated, respect their community the way you’d like your own community to be respected.

It seems obvious but, unfortunately, it’s not always top of mind.

You’re on vacation…so intently crossing things off your bucket list or chasing that next perfect post, selfie, or Instagram pic is nowhere near as valuable as simply experiencing where you are.

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economics

XAVIAER DUROUSSEAU A Mission to Shape Critical Thinking

by Dave Gordon

X

aviaer DuRousseau is a 27-year-old Los Angelesbased media personality and Gen Z cultural/political commentator. DuRousseau’s social media posts have accumulated over two hundred million views in 2023 alone, and on regular media, he’s appeared as a pundit or guest dozens of times, including on Fox News and Newsmax.

A graduate of University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, with a degree in international business and marketing, he climbed the ladder at a variety of different jobs until finally landing his current gig, using his social media platform to enlighten viewers on politics, history, societal issues, and culture. Most recently, he was hired by PragerU, an online educational site, to host the children’s show, Guess Or Mess.

In Nov. 2023, he impressed the brass enough to become a full-time video influencer for the company – which gives him full autonomy to create.

Photo courtesy of Xaviaer DuRousseau

What’s interesting about how you got hired at PragerU? When I first interviewed, I went to every office inside the Prager U building. I shook every single person's hand. I asked every person what they did, what their name was, got to know them and told them that I look forward to the chance of working with them. I asked if there's ever an opportunity where I would be a good fit, to keep me in mind.

You have to be assertive, and you have to network, and you have to tell people what you want, and what you can bring to the table. And you have to do it with graciousness. If you get an opportunity, even if it seems small, do what you can to maximize it, like me doing that kids show. It showed the range that I can do.

I can do a goofy kid show by day, and by night, a viral news hit, and everything in between. If it wasn't for me taking that opportunity, and doing what I did with it, I wouldn't have the position I have now.

Describe your leadership style.

I've learned so much when it comes to leadership, management, marketing, and production and everything else you can think of, from PragerU’s CEO, Marissa Streit. She built PragerU out of her kitchen, and is the brain power behind what has made PragerU.

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Marissa has a different strategy of leadership than most. Leaders will just want you to have an expertise, and stick to that. But Marissa has this philosophy, that you want to train your employees to be good at every facet of the job.

She's not just good at understanding the marketing- she understands advertising, production, creative process, editing; all the different facets of what’s going on.

Not a single inch of this company's DNA that she doesn't understand. She likes her staff to have that understanding of how all the other moving pieces work.

So that if something goes wrong, you automatically can identify where it's coming from; something that can improve. I've really studied from her, and taken it into account for myself.

What advice do you have for budding influencers?

Have the mental toughness to deal with the hate. If you're in it for fame, that'll show; if you're in it for money, that'll show.

Your audience will see right through you.

Figure out: what sets you apart, and makes you recognizable? Learn how to make good videos with substance that are unique to you, and build your niche.

Advice for leveraging social media effectively?

You have to understand algorithms, what it takes to have your page rate high.

Every 10,000 Instagram followers, I try to do a slight pivot, whether it's becoming more cultural, or touching on new issues, or getting more creative in my editing style. You really have to take inventory, and look at your videos that are doing well. Ask yourself: What’s doing well, that I can keep leaning into? But don't repeat yourself too much. You also need to be following and engaging with similar platforms that have audiences that you want to tap into.

What did you do before PragerU? I've worked in everything from fashion to fitness to health and wellness, sales, family law, automotive industry, fundraising to healthcare, to e-commerce. I'm what I would call “dangerously ambitious.” I grew up pretty poor, and I was determined to never be hungry again. It has always been my mentality. I was working multiple jobs at a time. The thing was, I was building so much experience, and I'm a very fast and adaptive learner. Every single job I've had, I received a promotion within the first few months. I'm also a big networker.

So it wasn't that I couldn't keep a job. It was that I was always keeping my options open and finding a job that was betterpaying than the one I currently had. //

economics

EMILY WIGHT

The Ultimate Destination for Greenery

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by Errol Blake

s the founder of Foli, Emily Wight ventured into the online marketplace for houseplants, capitalizing on the growing trend as more individuals crafted their ideal living and working environments, especially with the rise of remote work. With a keen eye for opportunity, Emily transitioned from an initial outdoor planter subscription model to curating and delivering tropical houseplants, catering to the resurgence of greenery in interior design.

Recognizing the transformative potential of plants in enhancing indoor spaces, Emily embarked on a mission to redefine the online plant shopping experience, infusing innovation and passion into every aspect of Foli's journey.

Emily's dedication to inspiring growth stresses Foli's commitment to cultivating a thriving community of plant enthusiasts. Amidst the challenges of establishing an unconventional e-commerce venture, Emily spoke to The Edge, A Leader's Magazine about her journey, the hurdles she's faced, and the evolving significance of plants in people's lives.

Photo courtesy of Emily Wight

Where did the idea of Foli come from, and what were the fundamental steps in launching your online store?

Have you observed any trends in plant shopping and the role of plants in people's living spaces?

Initially, Foli originated from the idea of an outdoor planter subscription model that my brother and I contemplated.

However, as we delved deeper, we recognized the growing interest in tropical houseplants within interior decor. This realization prompted us to shift our focus and explore the untapped potential of online plant delivery. The process entailed forging relationships with growers, sourcing distinctive plant varieties, and refining our packaging for optimal delivery.

Transitioning from a Shopify website for outdoor planters to Foli.ca for tropical houseplants marked the inception of our journey into this niche market.

Amidst the time spent indoors, the significance of cultivating nurturing living spaces has surged. Plants are more than mere adornments; they breathe life into interiors and evoke a sense of tranquillity amidst uncertainty. This newfound appreciation has spurred a surge in plant adoption, with individuals seeking solace and connection to nature within their homes.

How has the evolving landscape of remote work influenced Foli's business strategy and product offerings?

We recognize the growing importance of creating nurturing and inspiring home environments. This shift has prompted us to expand our product offerings to cater to the diverse needs of individuals seeking to enhance their living spaces with greenery. From curated plant collections ideal for home offices to versatile plant care accessories, Foli empowers customers to craft their ideal work-from-home sanctuaries.

Trends such as plant propagation and gifting have flourished, fostering community and shared enthusiasm for greenery. Moreover, the transition towards online plant shopping has accelerated, presenting opportunities for niche ventures like Foli to thrive in meeting evolving consumer needs.

What have you gleaned from building your e-commerce venture, and how has it changed your perspective on online business?

Establishing an e-commerce venture has been a transformative experience, unveiling the intricacies and possibilities of virtual entrepreneurship. Exploring platforms like Shopify has illuminated

the potential for customization and user engagement online. I've developed a deeper appreciation for crafting seamless user experiences and fostering authentic customer connections. Embracing authenticity in marketing and humanizing the online shopping experience has been pivotal in enhancing Foli's digital presence and fostering customer loyalty.

These insights have enriched Foli's growth and deepened my passion for the dynamic landscape of e-commerce.

In what way has collaboration helped establish and operate Foli, and how has it moulded your entrepreneurial journey?

Trusting and encouraging my team has been instrumental in steering Foli's trajectory, from product selection to enhancing the customer experience.

Collective ownership fosters resilience and adaptability, enabling us to tackle challenges with agility.

Whether strategizing marketing initiatives or streamlining operations, the synergy within our team has been indispensable in sustaining and growing Foli's presence in the market. //

Summer 2024

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BOOK YOUR ADVENTURE ABOVE THE CLOUDS What comes to mind when you hear the phrase, “The Sky’s the Limit”?

If it’s flying first class with a glass of champagne in hand, surrounded by the laughter and excitement of your closest friends and family members, then there’s a good chance you're envisioning Ivalem Aerospace Corporation.

Whether you're planning a business rendezvous, an intimate getaway, or a grand-scale event, Ivalem offers a diverse fleet of small, medium, and large-sized private jets, so that you can experience an innovative, luxurious, and efficient way of travel.

Ivalem Aerospace is a culture of diversity and team-work, making every journey smooth, safe, and sophisticated. They believe in rewarding excellence, which is why their team goes ‘above and beyond’ to contribute to their collective success - and yours.

Maintenance and safety are the top priorities. A team of technicians carry out routine inspections, system checks, repairs, and overhauls, using contemporary diagnostic tools to ensure optimal functionality, reliability, and safety. They adhere to aviation regulations and industry standards, taking a proactive approach with preventative measures to identify and address potential issues before they escalate.

Take to the skies with confidence, knowing you’re in the best hands possible.

Private Jet Charter Whether you need a light jet for a quick trip, or a spacious long-range jet for a transcontinental trip, Ivalem Aerospace’s fleet caters to your needs. Lavishly furnished, equipped with state-of-the-art entertainment, and plenty of space to work or relax, Ivalem ensures your travel experience is as unique as you are. They pay meticulous attention to detail, comfort, and quality. From in-flight delicacies curated by world-class chefs, to personalized ground transportation, every aspect of your journey is tailored to your preferences.

Euroflight Club For those who desire to be part of their elite community, the Euroflight Club membership grants access to fleets of VVIP jumbos. These rental options accommodate anywhere from 10 to 189 passengers. They take privacy and security seriously, and follow rigorous measures to ensure the confidentiality and safety of their clientele.

Aircraft Sales and Brokerage Additionally, Ivalem offers a platform that facilitates aviation transactions, providing transparency, trust, and guidance for buyers and sellers. Their brokerage services manage negotiations, documentation, and logistics, thereby streamlining the sales process.

Visit www.ivalem.com or call Ivalem at: +1 (437) 258-6750 to soar together.

Experience

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Book directly at montecarloinns.com and save.

leadership

CAN CANADA KEEP ITS MOMENTUM AS A LEADER IN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM?

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by Lauren Schwartz he COVID-19 pandemic has forever changed how we as a society look at the world. We have become more acutely aware of how our actions impact the world, and each other, and this can be seen very clearly in our approach to the environment.

When the world shut down, the travel and tourism industry was finally able to take a step back and assess its impact on the environment. The travel and tourism industry is a major contributor to the world’s carbon emissions, and overtourism negatively impacts the land, as well as the people who call that land home. In the midst of this, the United Nations released their 2030 Agenda, outlining 17 sustainable development goals that Canada has taken very seriously in regard to implementation, and ensuring that all targets are met. While this agenda does not only focus on travel and tourism, the industry is still mentioned several times, and is clearly an industry that requires a major overhaul in the face of the global climate crisis.

Current State Canada is currently recognized as a leader in sustainable tourism. A recent report has stated that Canada has 20 destinations participating in the Global Destinations Sustainability Index, the highest concentration of GDS-Index destinations globally. This means that these destinations are dedicated to ensuring that their carbon footprint is reduced to zero, while still enriching the cultural identity of the neighbourhood that they work out of. Canada is also working towards partnering with organizations within the country to ensure that sustainable goals are being met, and

that Canada can continue to act as the blueprint for other nations on how to ensure that the environment is being respected, while also bringing the travel and tourism industry back to the success that it was seeing prior to the pandemic.

Regenerative Tourism Some climate activists and experts, however, are warning that being sustainable is not enough, and we are well past the point of just needing to accept “sustainable” as the benchmark for success. This brings us to the concept of regenerative tourism. Regenerative tourism focuses on community rather than numbers and profits. Regenerative tourism hopes to heal damaged resources and tell the story of the land, getting visitors involved in the local culture and in restoration initiatives, something that has proven to be successful.

Part of the reason for why this new tactic is proving to be successful is due to the increased interest in regenerative and sustainable travel options among tourists. More and more people are choosing environmentally conscious options for their travels, and this has led to significant and measurable growth within the regenerative tourism industry.

The leaders in this movement, are associations and organizations involved in Indigenous Tourism.

Indigenous Tourism When local governments partner with Indigenous Tourism organizations, they bring to the forefront reconciliation and regeneration. They allow Indigenous communities to take back the narrative of their lands and allow people to explore and understand the environment in a culturally respectful way. Many tourists, particularly from Canada and the United

States, have been seeking out this kind of tourism, and Indigenous Tourism organizations who are especially close to large cities are being met with overwhelming demand for their services, and this is an industry that will continue to grow. It puts money back into the economy and supports cultures that were devastated by the effects of colonization.

This initiative, however, needs to be taken on by everyone. Organizations that are not close to big cities are not as able to share in the success of other businesses, and those who are seeing success are often struggling to onboard qualified individuals to keep up with the demand.

Nest Steps Looking back to the sustainable development goals, Canada needs to be investing far more into dealing with major weather events and catastrophes, as these are what are impacting Indigenous Tourism organizations and putting their operations in jeopardy. With the effects of things like wildfires, comes not only risk and danger to the health and wellbeing of participants, but also cancellations of tours. In short, yes, Canada is more than capable of keeping up its momentum as a leader in sustainable tourism. However, more focus needs to be placed on the words and warnings of the Indigenous people at the forefront of the regenerative tourism movement. There needs to be more focus on weather events, not only in terms of dealing with them when they happen, but also in terms of preventing them before they can take place.

The Canadian government also needs to partner more extensively with Indigenous organizations in Tourism.

When investment is made into these communities, not only can they thrive, but the travel and tourism industry can thrive as well. //

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leadership

BECOMING A MORE SUSTAINABLE TRAVELLER

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by Rebekah Nembhard

lobal travel has become more accessible than ever, and we cannot overstate the importance of sustainability in our travel practices. We must consider our journeys' environmental, social, and economic impacts as we explore new destinations in diverse cultures. Becoming

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a more sustainable traveller isn't about sacrificing the joy of exploration; it's about making conscious choices that minimize harm and maximize benefits for the planet and its people.

Here are some simple yet impactful steps to embark on a journey towards sustainable travel.

leadership

Choose Sustainable Accommodations

Leave No Trace

Where you stay during your travels can significantly influence your environmental footprint. Make the conscious decision to choose eco-friendly hotels, lodges, or homestays that prioritize energy efficiency, waste reduction, and local community engagement. Look for certifications such as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) or eco-labels like Green Key to ensure your accommodation meets stringent sustainability standards.

Practice ‘Leave No Trace' principles to minimize your environmental impact in natural areas. Pack out all waste, dispose of trash responsibly, and avoid disturbing wildlife or ecosystems. Leave popular tourist sites as you found them or, better yet, leave them even cleaner by participating in organized clean-up efforts or volunteering with local conservation projects.

Reduce Your Carbon Footprint Air travel is one of the most significant contributors to individual carbon footprints. While avoiding flying altogether may not always be feasible, you can minimize your impact by selecting direct flights, packing light to reduce fuel consumption, and offsetting your carbon emissions through reputable carbon offset programs.

Additionally, alternative modes of transportation, such as trains or buses for shorter distances, should be considered whenever possible.

Help Local Communities Embrace the ethos of sustainable tourism by supporting local communities and businesses. Choose locally owned accommodations, eateries, and tour operators that reinvest their profits into the local economy. Engage with local artisans, markets, and cultural experiences to better understand the destination, while directly contributing to residents' livelihoods.

Train Yourself and Others Take the initiative to educate yourself about sustainable travel practices, and share your knowledge with others. Spread awareness about the importance of responsible tourism within your social circles, and encourage friends and family to adopt sustainable habits in their travels. Support initiatives and organizations dedicated to promoting sustainable tourism and conservation efforts worldwide.

Support Sustainable Tourism Initiatives Seek out destinations and attractions that prioritize sustainability and responsible tourism practices. Look for destinations certified by EarthCheck or the Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC), which adhere to rigorous environmental, social, and economic criteria.

Choose tour operators and excursions that promote ecofriendly activities such as hiking, kayaking, or wildlife watching, while minimizing negative impacts on the environment and local communities.

Conserve Resources

Offset Your Environmental Impact

Practice responsible resource consumption by conserving water, energy, and natural resources during travel. Take shorter showers, turn off lights and air conditioning when unused, and minimize plastic waste by carrying a reusable water bottle and shopping bag.

Take proactive steps to mitigate the environmental footprint of your travels, by participating in carbon offset programs and supporting conservation initiatives. Many airlines and travel companies offer options to purchase carbon offsets, which fund projects such as reforestation, renewable energy development, and community-based conservation efforts.

Respect natural habitats and wildlife by following designated trails, refraining from littering, and rejecting purchasing products from endangered species or unsustainable materials.

Respect Cultural Sensitivities Cultivate cultural awareness and respect for local customs, traditions, and beliefs. Educate yourself about the destination's cultural norms, dress codes, and etiquette, in order to avoid inadvertently offending.

Seek authentic cultural experiences -- prioritizing mutual understanding and meaningful interactions with locals -rather than exploiting cultural stereotypes or participating in disrespectful activities.

Calculate your travel-related emissions -- using online carbon calculators; and invest in offsetting projects that align with your values and priorities, ensuring that your travels contribute to positive environmental outcomes.

Summary Today, include these practices in your travel routine. In that case, you can become a more responsible and conscientious traveller, positively impacting the places you visit and the people you encounter.

Even small actions can make a significant difference in preserving our planet's beauty and diversity for future generations. As you embark on your next adventure, tread lightly, respect the planet, and embrace the transformative power of sustainable travel. //

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leadership

HOW INDUSTRY LEADERS CAN EMBRACE SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL

by Robyn Karmazyn

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So now that the COVID pandemic has subsided, and travel has resumed in (almost) full force, how can we adjust this common element of our lives? Arguably, it may start with industry leaders embracing sustainable travel. Setting a good example for other industry professionals and letting that impact trickle down in our society is a realistic way to influence more people to make helpful changes. Here are some specific ways they can start.

Lead by example and set incentives

Rent bicycles

For day-to-day trips to the office, lunch meetings, or anywhere else, industry leaders should look to set a good example for their employees and other industry professionals by carpooling with family members to their respective locations. Industry leaders could also take public transit—such as subway, bus, or train—where it is applicable. Sure, the optics alone are good, but so can it help your bottom line by saving money (not to mention your sanity by avoiding rush hour traffic on your commute).

In some cities, like Berlin, Amsterdam, and Paris, riding bikes is completely expected and commonplace. But even where it isn’t, as long as the weather is conducive, bicycle riding makes for a particularly sustainable method of transportation.

It is significantly faster and more efficient than walking, but infinitely better for the planet than renting a car, taking a cab, calling an Uber, or even taking public transportation.

It’s also arguably fun!

f there’s one thing we know about climate change, it’s that we need to make significant advancements to the way we live now in order to help combat some of the downfall of our planet in the future. In addition to animal agriculture, deforestation, and overconsumption, transportation is considered one of the leading causes of climate change— from endless cars on the road to air travel.

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To get employees on board with sustainable travel, implementing an environmental transportation incentive program is another plausible idea. Perhaps gas money could be subsidized by the company to employees for carpooling, or their public transit passes could be paid for completely. This would help entice and encourage individuals to ditch driving or taking an Uber to work.

Like walking, renting bikes on a trip makes good health and economic sense (and both aspects give you all the more excuse to find a nice restaurant to indulge in the local cuisine).

It may require a little research in advance of your trip, but you will likely find several bicycle rental companies without issue. You may even want to add “bike tour” as a fun itinerary item on a business trip for either yourself alone or all of your employees together.

Choose mindful accommodations

Lead the way

If a business trip is going to be strictly professional, industry professionals should book hotels near the airport (so the drive after landing at your destination is minimal) with onsite conference centres and restaurants. On the other hand, if you are planning to check out some tourist attractions, you should book your hotels near the city centre or downtown core. This will allow for as much walking as possible and reduce the need for cabs and Ubers.

As an industry leader, you may feel a responsibility to set high standards for other industry professionals to follow.

Finding methods of sustainability nowadays in all areas of business is important to help set the stage for the future.

Travel may have slowed down during the COVID pandemic, but it is starting to rise again. After all, it is still important to meet face to face sometimes and make important business decisions in person.

When researching accommodations for business trips, why not also flag great restaurants and dessert shops that will effectively break up the mundaneness of meetings? In general, staying close enough to walk instead of drive everywhere sets an excellent example for other industry professionals and employees. In addition to being a sustainable alternative, walking also has obvious health and economic benefits.

By paying mind to efficient options for sustainable travel, such as walking, bicycling and public transit, you can help encourage others (such as your employees and fellow industry professionals) to do the same. Industry leaders embracing sustainable travel now is a great way to set the stage for the future to help combat climate change. //

the EDGE Summer 2024

leadership

DR. GAVIN ARMSTRONG An Entrepreneur with a Cause

by Pragya Bisen

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e’s not just an entrepreneur; he is an activist, an advocate against world hunger and malnutrition, and a humanitarian dedicated to combating global iron deficiency through simple health innovations.

Dr. Gavin Armstrong is the recipient of the Edge Leadership Award 2023 for his outstanding contribution towards solving the world’s greatest challenges. Dr. Armstrong knew he wanted to reform society and bring social justice when he was just an undergraduate student at the University of Guelph.

His star product The Lucky Iron Fish is devoted to combating iron deficiency across the globe, with a simple reusable cast iron fish that can be boiled with your food and infuse it with iron. His brand is now across the globe helping fight Hidden Hunger, and Dr. Gavin is on a mission to make iron deficiency a thing of the past, one fish at a time.

Photo courtesy of Dr. Gavin Armstrong

You faced many challenges while growing up. How does it feel to overcome that, and make a difference?

Being bullied in high school made me feel worthless. I tried building self-worth through selfish means like making more money, but I was miserable and failing out of university.

I took a chance and did a field course in Botswana, where I learned about serious issues that existed. I realized I was on a selfish trajectory to prove a bully wrong while this type of need existed.

I shifted my education to issues around malnutrition, and now I feel I'm adding worth to the world, which has been very impactful.

How should businesses incorporate social responsibility in their business plans?

You must have something that keeps you going, and for me it's social impact.

I believe businesses hold the power and responsibility to solve problems that a lot of businesses have previously caused.

If you know what you're doing is impactful, it can help get you through a lot of challenges. For me, it's knowing that even a bad day in the office is helping to improve lives around the world.

How does one overcome skepticism on CSR initiatives?

There’s a perception that having social impact is expensive. Impact should be embedded in everything that you do from the paper in your printer, to the work you're doing with your staff.

From the beginning, we had this principle and became a registered Benefit Corporation. We were the first B Corp in Guelph, proving that you can do well and do good simultaneously.

What would you tell someone wanting to create a business with a cause?

If your motivation is wanting to make a difference, you'll have a reason to keep doing what you're doing. But the advice I give is, you must surround yourself with an incredible team, aligned with what you want to do.

I'm lucky to work with a team that wants to contribute to our mission. I would not be here today if it weren't for that team.

How do you think businesses should engage with their customers?

It is important to get customer insight in a constantly evolving world. TikTok is one of our main channels now because customers want that. We listened and we bring on those who are a bit more

youthful, who understand how TikTok works. So, it's just about understanding the adaptive customer trends that are out there.

Do you think social media is one way to go about it?

With social media you have billions of people and opinions connected, making it a useful tool in collecting information.

There are a lot of agencies who can help you collect that information and distill it down, but there's also simple things like asking a customer how they heard about us. Simple things like that can help get valuable insight.

What does the future look like for Happy Iron Life?

We started with one product and now we've rebranded to Lucky Iron Life because we're looking at multiple innovations that can help with iron deficiency anemia-like an iron-enriched powder that you could put into a beverage, or large volume cooking for NGOs. We want to partner with a diagnostics company to provide more awareness about iron deficiency. We want to be a leader in combating iron deficiency, and I'm excited to take us on that path. //

Summer 2024

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eaGarden Beach Resort is a tranquil oasis that creates an authentic Jamaican experience for you. Whether travelling for business or pleasure, here, the tradition of warm Jamaican hospitality charms you at each encounter. Cozy up in a gazebo on the edge of the horizon while gazing at endless views of the Caribbean Sea. This, coupled with lush tropical greenery, makes SeaGarden Beach Resort the ideal place to relax and enjoy Jamaica at its best.

Welcome Home Ideally located in Montego Bay, Jamaica’s tourist capital, across from our picturesque private beach club and amidst lush tropical gardens is our 204-room, boutique-style resort. This Jamaican family-owned and operated all-inclusive resort welcomes guests with a family warmth and friendliness that defines everything we do. Guest rooms at SeaGarden Beach Resort are infused with charm and are designed to convey traditional Jamaican hospitality.

Each unique area is meticulously planned to meet the diverse needs of SeaGarden’s guests. Whether travelling alone, as a couple, or as a family, an eclectic array of accommodation categories are available. Regardless of your selection, warm tones engulf you upon arrival as you take refuge in your home away f rom home.

Family Fun There’s so much to do on and off property, whether you’re here for relaxation, recreation, or business.

Montego Bay, Jamaica, is known for its rich history and culture, so get out and explore on a guided tour.

SeaGarden Beach Resort provides a full-range programme of exciting activities, organized by our amazing team of entertainers, for you to choose from. With engaging nighttime and daytime activities, SeaGarden allinclusive makes it easy to enjoy our traditional Jamaican culture without ever needing to spend more!

Say “I Do” This is where that new chapter begins.

SeaGarden’s tranquil environs provide the picture-perfect canvas on which to paint beautiful, lifelong memories.

Our wedding packages provide brides and grooms with a myriad of ways to say “l do.” SeaGarden Beach Resort is best described as a hidden gem.

Picturesque venues include beachfront open-air vistas, intimate tropical garden settings, grand lobbies, airconditioned conference areas, and tented capacities of up to 250 people.

Weddings and events are made easy with turnkey personalized service and a customer-focused staff. Wholesome gourmet selections are infused with the traditional island flavours, creating a health-conscious attitude towards yum!

For rates and availability

Call us toll free: (844) SGB-RSRT (742-7778) seagardenjamaica.com

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8 KENT AVENUE, MONTEGO BAY, JAMAICA, WI

leadership

ZEBA KHAN

Creating Grassroots Compassion

by Kenny Hedges

T

wo years ago, the Canadian government announced a pilot initiative in their 2022-2023 budget for menstrual equity, providing $25 million to distribute free menstrual supplies to low-income populations.

More than eight years earlier, Zeba Khan had watched an online video and launched Free Periods Canada, a non-profit. But Canada is not the first country to entertain the concept at a government level. In 2021, New Zealand announced they’d be available in schools. And last year, Scotland became the first nation to make period products free and available for “anyone who needs them.” Despite progress globally and in the West, the stigma surrounding a woman’s maturity still holds far too much influence.

According to Plan Canada, a stunning 58 per cent of women feel embarrassed about their menstrual cycle. The Edge, A Leader's Magazine spoke with Khan about her journey and the future of menstrual equity.

Photo courtesy of Zeba Khan

Free Periods began after you saw a video online, correct? Can you tell us what inspired you, and why it’s so important for Canadian women?

I came across a video on YouTube about a couple of homeless folks. I saw that [the] homeless have a hard time managing their periods. And it was the first time after moving here I saw something like that [here]. I moved when I was 18, and before, everything I knew about Canada and the US, I had this very naive idea that things were super developed, nothing bad happens here. That was just so surprising to see. I was so young and I had just moved half across the world. I felt like I could do anything. When I saw that video, I was angry, but also fired up to do something about it. I felt like I could make a difference.

The government notes three necessities: free access, education, and a stigma-free social climate. Do you feel there’s anything left out?

I'm very glad to see that education is getting attention. In the past, there's been a lot of focus on the product distribution aspect of it. That makes sense, but something that has been missing is the focus on the education and the awareness piece around period poverty and menstrual equity. Let's say that you

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work with a school administration to make menstrual supplies really accessible in the washroom. But you don't talk about it. You're not really addressing the root cause. What's the guarantee that the next admin person that comes in will still continue to make it really accessible? It's just not enough to put out free menstrual supplies, but to also address why it needs to be free.

You’ve spoken in the past about your personal experience as a Muslim woman in Bangladesh. How did that stigma change when you moved here, or did it?

Something that really fascinates me is this difference between religion and culture. It’s a very subtle difference.

I don't think my Muslim identity has negatively impacted my experiences with menstruation. It's actually been the opposite for me. The challenge of the stigma, I think, is more around the culture I grew up in. There was this culture of silence around it. Menstrual products would be wrapped up and dropped in my room. My mom or my brothers would buy it, but we would just never talk about it. When I moved here, the biggest difference I saw is that you're able to just buy it. That's where the the difference ended. Because once you get [them] from the shelves, you're still not talking about it.

Can you talk a little about the change you’ve seen personally since Free Periods Canada started?

Personally, I never expected our initiative to go as big as it did. It started as a student club, and we initially just began by collecting natural supplies and distributing it to folks who couldn't afford it. We've got employees, we’ve got fantastic partnerships with the government and with other nonprofit organizations. I was constantly growing with the organization from a leadership point of view. It's been really fantastic, and so much has changed in my arsenal capacity to lead. When we started, there were only [a few] other groups that were doing solo work. Now, there are hundreds. I think a big win for all of our work and all of our collective efforts has been [the] pilot initiative, and women and gender equality in Canada.

What hope do you see for the future for menstrual products in Canada?

We are hopeful that the data that the government is collecting will help them make this permanent. A lot of provincial governments are also taking initiatives.

If it's not at a federal level, hopefully at a provincial level. Governments change, priorities change, and we can't really take anything for granted. //

start-up

THE JOURNEY: A TOURISM START-UP EXPERIENCE

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by Helen Jacob ollowing the pandemic, the rise of remote work gave way to a new kind of travel: “bleisure” is a mix of business and pleasure. As professionals continue to mix work trips with vacation time, the tourism industry needs to evolve. This trend is influencing the types of accommodations and services that are needed, and a successful tourism startup will take this into account. Along with this, there are a few other challenges facing the tourism business and start-ups in 2024. A company that creates products or services that meet the needs of the current market will be successful.

Funding

Money is one of the biggest factors in how successful a tourism start-up is. You need funding to develop a service or product, market it, hire staff and manage daily operations. In 2022, travel and tourism contributed to around 7.6 per cent of global GDP, according to the World Travel and Tourism Council. However, the industry received around one per cent of funding for start-ups across all industries over the last 15 years. This is relatively much lower when compared to what it brought in. However, over $27 billion worth of investments were invested into travel companies from 2020-2022.

Although it’s a tough industry to raise funds, investors are still interested in it. Looking for investors is a good way to raise funds, as well as applying for bank loans, and wisely investing your savings if you have the money. Having a well-thought-out business plan and strategy is crucial to get financial support from investors.

Location and Accessibility Whether it’s a digital start-up or a hotel, accessibility is important because you want to reach as many people as possible — it’s a crucial part of promoting diversity and equality.

By initiating inclusivity, start-ups can expand their goods and services to a wider array of customers. For example, in the case of older customers that may have less mobility, the lack of access can become an obstacle when traveling. For digital apps, it’s best to include alternative text for those who may be visually impaired.

This helps screen-reading tools to describe the images and will also allow search engines to rank your website. Including solutions to these issues when planning your start-up can foster a more inclusive and welcoming travel experience. Location is also vital in the success of a tourism start-up. It’s no surprise that a hotel close to tourist attractions is always occupied.

Sustainability The climate change crisis has become an increasingly pressing issue, especially the last couple of years. The tourism industry and businesses need to take into account these environmental concerns and take the appropriate steps to reduce their carbon footprint. Customers who are looking to also practice sustainability whenever they can will appreciate services that are executing environmental practices. This includes things like using renewable energy sources and looking for ways to reduce waste. You can switch from paper to digital platforms, let guests opt out of getting new towels or sheets while staying in a hotel room, or allow for guests to order food in advance to avoid food waste.

Cost of Living Crisis An obvious challenge for the tourism industry, especially now, is the exponential rise in prices. Inflation affects both the consumer and the business. As a tourism start-up, your consumer market has less money to spend on things that are not needed, such as eating out or booking vacations.

As a business, your overhead and costs have also risen, and continue to rise.

The post-pandemic numbers for consumers returning to hospitality are better, but the recovery has a long way to go.

Marketing Traditional marketing methods are not as effective as they once were. Marketing trends and advertising strategies have changed with the internet age, and now social media. For more established tourism businesses, this means adapting your strategies for online marketing. Engage your guests on social media, messaging apps, and look into influencer marketing. Be consistent with effective digital strategies.

Make sure you are updating the content on your website regularly, and that you’re using Search Engine Optimization (SEO) best practices, as this will boost your page towards the top of the search results. Look at your website analytics and do some research to understand your audiences from each individual platform (Facebook versus Instagram) and tailor your content to that audience.

Staff Turnover There’s a huge rate of turnover in the tourism and hospitality industry, and it costs the business a lot of money. If you can get an employee to stay past the first 90 days, there’s a 50 per cent change they are likely to stay. During onboarding, ask for anonymous feedback from your staff. Take the suggestions and use it to execute a solid training program. Take your employees’ needs into consideration — this will help the process be more smooth. //

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INNOVATIVE SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL AND TOURISM START-UPS

by Jackie Marson

T

ourism is a vital contributor to the economy, yet its rapid growth presents significant sustainability concerns.

Over-tourism results in increased carbon emissions and strains on local resources. In response to these challenges, startups are pioneering innovative solutions,

aiming to shift the industry towards a greater environmental consciousness and provide consumers with a more sustainable approach to tourism. The next time you're seeking adventure, consider exploring these cutting-edge start-ups to help you plan a more eco-conscious trip.

First, Pick An Accommodation Startup Maybe your dream has always been to quit your job, and travel Europe solo or with your partner in a camper van. If so, the startup LEAVV, founded in 2021, provides customers in the Netherlands and Spain with electric camper-van rentals.

The company believes in sustainability and wanderlust, inspiring travelers to explore the world in an environmentally conscious way.

Perhaps the free-spirited van lifestyle isn’t for you. In that case, a better fit may be EcoBnb, a marketplace to discover and book eco-friendly accommodations. EcoBnb presents a diverse range of options, including tree houses, bed and breakfasts, bio hotels, organic farmhouses, ice-igloos, and mountain retreats with minimal CO² emissions. Accommodations on EcoBnb are classified and verified as sustainable if they meet at least five out of the following ten environmental requirements: 1. Organic Food 2. Green Building 3. 100 per cent renewable energy 4. Solar thermal panels 5. Ecological cleaning products 6. More than 80 per cent waste recycled 7. Car-free accessibility (bike rentals) 8. Energy saving lights 9. Water flow reducers 10. Recovery and reuse of rainwater.

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Second, Choose An Airline Startup Once you’ve determined your desired destination, the next step is to book your flights. Despite being a necessary mode of transportation, flying significantly contributes to climate change. In fact, according to the environmental protection agency, a round-trip flight from New York to Los Angeles can emit as much carbon as an average car does per year. That’s where Jet-Set Offset, a U.S. based start-up, aims to address this issue through carbon offsetting. Carbon offsetting involves compensating for the carbon dioxide emissions produced by these flights.

Jet-Set Offset serves as a platform for individuals to make a positive environmental impact. Customers sign up and contribute mileage-based donations which go directly to their chosen environmentally-friendly non-profit organization.

These donations are tax-deductible, and Jet-Set Offset tracks all miles and contributions.

CO² Cards provide a very similar approach for businesses.

They help assess the carbon footprint of companies and offset their carbon emissions by supporting green projects which lead to a carbon neutral certification. Each CO² certificate corresponds to off-setting one ton of CO² emissions. By integrating sustainability into responsibility, organizations can achieve carbon neutral business trips, company meetings, and more.

Next, Plan a Travel Itinerary With Tour Startups There are several countries that offer sustainable approaches to travel. Iceland is just one of them. EV Travel is designed to lead Icelandic tourism towards a greener future.

With more than 2 million visitors per year, Iceland has become a popular place to visit. As one can imagine, the travellers have begun to leave a mark, impacting their environment.

To combat this, EV Travel runs all tours in electric vehicles, avoids disposable cups and provides refillable bottles and cups for hot drinks during their tours. Additionally, they ensure that during every tour, the guides explain the importance of preserving and respecting nature.

After all, a place can only be as beautiful as the condition it was left in. EV Travel Guides encourage tourists to leave every space the way they found it, litter free. With only about 4 per cent of the country left covered in trees, EV also commits to planting at least one tree for every tour they give.

Lastly, Order your Luggage From A Sustainable Startup Cue the giddy feelings. You're just a few weeks away from your big trip. What’s next? It’s time to purchase luggage and the perfect travel bag for your big excursion.

Paravel, a travel inspired brand founded in 2016, creates sustainable travel bags, luggage and accessories. They created the world’s first carbon-neutral suitcase called the Aviator, which is made from mostly recycled materials.

The brand is so forward-thinking, they offset all of the emissions from sourcing, assembling, shipping, and delivering and

take into consideration that you will be using these bags or luggage to travel, so they include the estimated carbon emissions for your first plane trip.

To date, they’ve offset 24,000 tonnes of CO² through their carbon-neutral shipping and product programs and planted 465,000 trees (14x the number of trees in Central Park) in partnership with Eden Restoration Projects. //

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FACTORS THAT PROPEL THE TRAVEL & TOURISM START-UP MARKET

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by Rosalie Scott

he relentless innovation of startups continuously reshapes the landscape of travel and tourism.

Fueled by technological prowess, shifting consumer preferences, and regulatory dynamism, the travel start-up market emerges as a dynamic ecosystem of opportunity.

As we delve into the factors driving this market forward, we uncover challenges and opportunities, highlighting how entrepreneurship redefines our travel experience across boundaries.

Technological Innovation At the heart of the travel start-up market lies technological innovation. Start-ups are leveraging cutting-edge technologies, from AI-driven travel planning platforms to blockchain-based booking systems, to streamline processes and enhance user experience. The proliferation of smartphones and ubiquitous internet connectivity has further accelerated this trend, enabling start-ups to reach and engage with travellers globally.

Changing Consumer Behavior How we travel has undergone a paradigm shift in recent years, driven by changing consumer behaviour. Modern travellers seek personalized and authentic experiences, eschewing traditional tourist traps in favour of off-the-beaten-path destinations and immersive cultural encounters. This shift has created fertile ground for start-ups that cater to niche markets, offering tailored experiences that resonate with the preferences of discerning travellers.

Disruption of Traditional Models The rise of travel start-ups has challenged the dominance of traditional players in the industry, from legacy airlines to established hotel chains. By offering innovative solutions and flexible alternatives, startups have disrupted long-standing business models, forcing incumbents to adapt or risk obsolescence.

This disruption has also spurred incumbents to embrace improvement and explore new ways of engaging with customers.

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Access to Capital

Collaborative Ecosystems

The availability of capital has played a crucial role in driving the growth of the travel start-up market. Venture capital firms, angel investors, and crowdfunding platforms have provided the financial resources for start-ups to develop and scale their businesses. Moreover, the success stories of trailblazing start-ups such as Airbnb and Uber have inspired confidence among investors, attracting further investment into the sector and fueling its expansion.

Collaboration and partnerships within the travel start-up ecosystem have become essential for driving growth. Startups often collaborate with other businesses, such as airlines, hotels, and tour operators, to offer bundled services and create seamless customer travel experiences. Additionally, participation in start-up accelerators, incubators, and industry associations provides start-ups access to mentorship, resources, and networking opportunities, accelerating their path to success.

Regulatory Environment

Rise of Experiential Travel

Navigating the regulatory landscape can be a significant challenge for travel start-ups, particularly in highly regulated sectors such as aviation and accommodation. However, regulatory changes and initiatives to foster innovation and competition have created new opportunities for start-ups to thrive. Governments and regulatory bodies increasingly recognize the importance of supporting entrepreneurship in travel and tourism.

The shift towards experiential travel has propelled the growth of start-ups focused on providing unique and immersive experiences to travellers. Instead of simply ticking off landmarks, modern travellers seek meaningful interactions with local cultures, communities, and environments. Start-ups catering to this trend curate authentic experiences, such as culinary tours led by local chefs, artisanal workshops, and eco-friendly adventures, allowing travellers to engage with destinations deeper and more meaningfully.

Demographic Shifts Changes in demographics, such as the rise of the millennial and Gen Z traveller cohorts, have profoundly impacted the travel start-up market. These younger generations prioritize experiences over material possessions and seek authenticity and sustainability in their travel experiences. Start-ups catering to these preferences, offering unique and socially responsible travel options, are poised to capitalize on this demographic shift and capture a significant market share.

Globalization and Accessibility The increasing globalization of travel and the growing accessibility of destinations have expanded the market potential for travel start-ups. As travel becomes more affordable and accessible, demand for innovative solutions rises. Start-ups that focus on untapped markets and offer solutions tailored to the needs of diverse travellers stand to benefit from this trend, unlocking new growth opportunities and expanding their reach on a global scale.

Evolving Work Culture and Digital Nomadism The changing nature of work, fueled by technological advances and shifting attitudes towards remote work, has given rise to a new breed of traveller – the digital nomad. These individuals, untethered by traditional office constraints, seek to combine work with travel, leveraging technology to stay connected and productive from anywhere in the world. Start-ups catering to digital nomads offer services such as co-living spaces, remote work-friendly accommodations, and coworking communities tailored to the needs of this growing demographic.

Looking Ahead As we look to the future, the travel start-up market shows no signs of slowing down. Emerging technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and the Internet of Things promise to transform how we experience and interact with the world. Moreover, global trends such as sustainable travel and community-driven tourism are reshaping the landscape, creating new opportunities for start-ups to innovate and thrive in the ever-evolving travel and tourism industry. //

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COLIN LYNCH Illustrating Paths of Philanthropy

by Joan Hawkins

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ynch's journey of leadership and impact began long before his professional accolades. As a student, he took the reins in various societies and extracurricular activities, demonstrating a natural aptitude for leadership. Armed with an MBA from Harvard Business School, Lynch embarked on a path of strategic foresight.

Today, he spearheads Global Real Estate Investments for TD Asset Management, where he has earned a reputation for delivering exceptional investment outcomes. Concurrently, Lynch serves on the boards of various institutions, such as Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, and the Toronto Investment Board.

Lynch's proactive approach to learning and engagement set the stage for a remarkable career trajectory. His commitment to excellence extends beyond the boardroom. His recognition on Canada's Top 40 Under 40® list proves his outstanding contributions to the business world and the community.

Photo courtesy of Colin Lynch

Could you share some of your proudest achievements and experiences?

Could you elaborate on your commitment to giving back?

Reflecting on 2020, being named in Canada's Top 40 Under 40 was a humbling surprise. Additionally, being designated as Trustee Emeritus by Queen's University holds personal significance, given my deep-rooted connection to the institution.

The establishment of the Black Opportunity Fund stems from the urgent need to address systemic disparities Black communities face across various domains.

We aim to create a substantial endowment to support Black charities, non-profits, and businesses, fostering lasting change.

My involvement with institutions like Sunnybrook and the Toronto Symphony Orchestra underscores my passion for initiatives driving positive societal impact and accessibility to essential services and cultural enrichment.

My tenure at Toronto Community Housing Corporation during a tumultuous period in 2019 was significant. Steering the organization through crisis showcased the power of collective effort and strategic leadership.

What attributes have contributed to your success in wealth management?

A key factor is maintaining a clear sense of purpose and unwavering belief in one's ability to achieve set goals.

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Recently recognized on Canada's Top 40 Under 40 list, what are some of your upcoming goals?

Equally crucial is cultivating a network of mentors whose guidance proves invaluable in navigating challenges and seizing opportunities.

In my role at TD Asset Management, I focused on delivering stellar investment outcomes while championing initiatives to enhance diversity and inclusion within the organization. With the Black Opportunity Fund, we aim to surpass the $1 billion mark to catalyze transformative change.

Passion, curiosity, and the willingness to transition between industries have also played pivotal roles in my journey.

Setting clear priorities and boundaries allows me to allocate time effectively, ensuring I remain present and engaged professionally and personally.

I am also keen on forging partnerships between the Toronto Symphony Orchestra and tech firms to foster innovation and broaden accessibility. At Sunnybrook, initiatives centred on virtual care and mental health are paramount, aligning with my goal of driving positive outcomes.

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What guidance would you impart to young professionals venturing into the realm of finance?

The intricacies of finance, proactive engagement and cultivating solid networks are paramount. While intellectual understanding is essential, harnessing perseverance, curiosity, and a steadfast commitment to goals is equally crucial.

One must embrace entrepreneurship with a hunger for knowledge, a willingness to adapt to new challenges and commitment.

How do you envision the Black Opportunity Fund's impact evolving?

The Black Opportunity Fund represents a transformative endeavour to address systemic inequities and empower Black communities across Canada.

Looking ahead, I envision the Fund serving as a catalyst for enduring change, nurturing a landscape where Black charities, non-profits, and businesses thrive.

By leveraging this platform, we aspire to cultivate a more inclusive and equitable society, leaving a legacy of empowerment and opportunity for future generations. //

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AMI SHAH Changing Children’s Lives Through Social-Emotional Learning

by Shweta Gandhi

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ueled by a passion for education, Ami Shah is transforming the lives of children through her start-up, Peekapak, a learning platform which helps school systems teach social and emotional skills.

Though Peekapak started out as a physical subscription box, Shah and her co-founder eventually pivoted to providing online digital solutions for educators, schools, and districts. Now, they offer a full curriculum for school systems as well as services for primary grades K-3 up to grade 12.

The company’s success reflects through their achievements— this year itself, they generated over $1 million in revenue.

Having grown the company from the ground up, Shah’s story is a testament to hard work, resilience, and adaptability. The co-founder and CEO spoke to The Edge, A Leader's Magazine about the evolution of her start-up, her journey as a women entrepreneur, navigating motherhood, and the importance of maintaining a work-life balance.

Photo courtesy of Ami Shah

Tell us about Peekapak. How has your start-up evolved over the years?

Peekapak is an award-winning learning platform and online game world that teaches social and emotional skills, like empathy, teamwork and kindness that integrates into PK to 12th grade classroom’s instruction time in a fun, engaging, and effective way.

Starting off as a physical subscription box, families would receive monthly Peek-a-packs, with different activities and stories to do with their child.

We eventually shifted to an online digital solution and transitioned to support educators, schools, and districts.

Gradually, as Peekapak gained more users, we expanded from serving K-3, all the way up to grade 12, to having a full curriculum for school systems.

What has your journey been like as a woman entrepreneur?

My journey as a woman in entrepreneurship has been a testament to resilience and adaptability. Along the path of building my venture, I’ve recognized the immense value of fostering a supportive community.

Seeking mentors and investors who not only believe in my vision but also understand and respect the unique challenges faced by women in business has been instrumental.

As I navigated the responsibilities of both founder and mother, I learned to lean more on my team, strategically plan for maternity leave, and establish necessary supports to ensure a seamless transition.

What are some major milestones in your entrepreneurial journey?

As the co-founder of Peekapak, I’ve grown the company from the ground up and just hit the milestone of generating over $1 million in revenue. My work with Peekapak has been continuously validated by being accepted into different programs such as Imagine K12, the edtech vertical of YCombinator, the DMZ and Uncharted, being featured in media across TV, radio and podcasts such as CTV, Global and CityTV, and acquiring distribution partnerships with leading education publishers in the US, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

Most recently, under my leadership, Peekapak was able to secure a state level contract with 20 per cent of districts across the state of Utah and a government grant to expand to the Middle East and work with government partners.

Peekapak has also won a number of awards, including District Administrations 2024 Top EdTech Product in Curriculum and Instruction, Common Sense Education’s Best of Edtech. For my contributions, I achieved notable recognition by winning the 2023 WXN Top 100 Women Award

and the 2022 RBC Canadian Women Entrepreneur Awards.

In addition to my work as an educator, I have also been involved with social enterprise organizations across Vietnam, India, and Canada. This exposure to diverse cultural and educational contexts enhanced my ability to develop innovative solutions to address the needs of learners.

Do you have any advice for fellow women entrepreneurs?

My advice to fellow women entrepreneurs would be to build a robust support network as soon as possible. Surrounding yourself with people who want to support and help you along your entrepreneurial journey will make things much smoother.

Whether it be business owners, mentors, or other women, these relationships will help you in the long run.

I also want to stress the prioritization of maintaining a work-life balance. This balance is key to avoiding burnout, to remain focused and driven. Resilience is your greatest asset; embrace failures as opportunities to learn and grow, ensuring long-term success and sustainability in your entrepreneurial journey. //

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INDONESIA PALM OIL

Indonesia’s palm oil industry has undergone a significant transformation over the past decade. It has become a leader in all aspects of sustainability — environment, economic, and social — and is making a positive impact on Indonesia’s forests, exports, and people. Indonesian palm oil provides Canada with products that are healthy, safe, and environmentally friendly.

The palm is Indonesia’s most important agricultural crop. It is a source of vegetable oils that are a staple of the food industry, oleochemicals that are used in household products, and a source of renewable fuel that provides energy for the transportation sector. But most importantly, it provides livelihoods for 2.6 million smallholders — Indonesia’s small-scale local farmers — that are the backbone of the national economy. Palm oil cultivation has lifted millions of families out of poverty across Indonesia, and is a major contributor to meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Numerous studies have shown that palm oil villages have been able to reinvest in their communities, bringing schools, hospitals, and infrastructure to rural populations.

In 2020, Indonesia recorded its lowest deforestation rate ever.

Although Indonesia has historically had a high deforestation rate (some of it associated with palm oil), the Government of Indonesia, the palm oil industry, and small-scale farmers have partnered to reduce deforestation significantly. This journey for Indonesia has been underway for more than a decade. The industry — through positive environmental initiatives — has instituted no-deforestation policies, aligning itself with major buyers in the EU and US. Under the administration of President Joko Widodo, Indonesia has successfully extended and strengthened a moratorium on the issuance of new palm oil plantation permits, and also on clearing primary forests. Small farmers who have worked with major processors and buyers have adjusted their practices to improve their environmental stewardship. Indonesia’s commitment to environmental protection has been undoubtedly significant.

Indonesia has introduced an environmental certification standard — Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) — that assures the sustainability of the Indonesian palm oil industry. ISPO requires producers to ensure that their practices do not involve clearance of peatlands and primary forest lands, protect the rights of workers and prevent labor exploitation, prevent additional emissions of greenhouse gases, and are in line with good agricultural practices.

ISPO is mandatory for larger companies, and it is now the largest palm oil certification scheme in the world. It is gradually being rolled out to cover millions of smallholder farmers in Indonesia.

It has become the mark of assurance for sustainable palm oil around the world. This type of assurance is much needed in the age of environmentally-conscious consumers who are seeking greener products for their grocery baskets and for the dinner table. Consumers can be assured that Indonesian palm oil supports sustainability, and it helps to improve the livelihoods of Indonesians, particularly in rural areas.

Bilateral ties between Indonesia and Canada will take on additional significance in the future. Both countries have recently agreed to commence negotiations on Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA). Once concluded, it will be the first comprehensive economic partnership agreement Indonesia has ever signed with countries in the North American region — and only the second bilateral agreement with countries in the American continent. This will give Canada the opportunity to access the potential market in Southeast Asia’s largest economy.

More importantly, Canada can rest assured that its palm oil trade with Indonesia is sustainable.

To learn more about Indonesian palm oil visit: indonesiapalmoilfacts.org.

Text provided by Indonesian Palm Oil Plantation Fund Management Agency (BPDPKS)

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ISADORE SHARP Insight from a Hotel Mogul

by David Soloman

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sadore Sharp is founder and chairperson of the Four Seasons Hotels chain, located in 33 countries, with 99 hotels – and another 70 to be built. Condé Nast Traveler ranks 18 Four Seasons hotels in its worldwide “Top 100” list, and Four Seasons has been named one of the “best 100 companies to work for” by Fortune magazine each year since the list began in 1998.

Sharp was born to Polish parents who immigrated to Toronto before his birth in 1931. At age 21, he graduated from Ryerson with a degree in architecture, later working with his father in construction. While building a motel for a client, the light bulb went off to create a hotel himself, one that he would own and operate.

He founded the first Four Seasons Hotel in 1960, opening on Jarvis Street in downtown Toronto, a motor hotel with 125 rooms.

Photo courtesy of Isadore Sharp

What are some crucial business ideas you’ve learned?

What advice do you have for millennials?

What did Four Seasons have, that no one else offered?

We wanted our employees to rise, in order to allow our customers to receive exceptional quality of service. I was quite able to hire people with excellent skillsets and give them the responsibility and room to grow themselves. That helped the company grow. It’s not about what I can do; it’s about what we can do, and ensure job satisfaction. When people talk about my success, I succeed because the employees succeed, and vice versa. Their lives have been impacted, enhanced, and enriched because of the company’s success.

Three things: Have a certain degree of comfort with risk. Don’t worry about every “i” dotted, or every thought worked out.

Just believe it will work. Entrepreneurs aren’t afraid to step up to the plate and take chances.

From day one until today, it was about being innovative. The main thing that separates us is our competitive advantages: consistent quality of service.

That is how we set out to be the best.

Anyone can build what we build, hire the same architects and designers. But that won’t keep you ahead of the game.

It’s what else can you do that gives customers something that others can’t.

Four Seasons pioneered the idea of shampoo in the shower, 24-hour room service, bathrobes, same-day cleaning and pressing, and separate shallow and deep-end pools, among other breakthrough services that have since become standards of every hotel chain.

How do you describe your management style?

There are different types of leaders.

Some use the carrot and stick. I try to lead by influence, rather than power of position. You have to have their respect and trust, and when you’ve earned that, you can give direction, because you’ve given people a sense of believing in you. When they accept your trust, they will go to great lengths not to let you down, and will do on their own more than what you tell them.

Also, I think you have to be comfortable in how you do something, and not try to copy how others might do it. In crucial times, it has to come from within you, how you feel, and not what so-and-so would do.

Second, you need to have a purpose in what you’re doing, sustainable and meaningful. Not just making a lot of money. Find a purpose.

Finally, technology is advancing at a rapid pace. You just have to know where to follow it. Millennials can become multibillionaires in a few short years because they find out what technology is going to work for them.

What was a big career surprise?

I wasn’t intending to go into the hotel business; I hired people to run it, and then expected I’d sell it. It paid off; I paid off the people I borrowed from.

I decided that this worked so well, I’d build a second. The second was even more successful – the Inn on The Park in Toronto. Ten years later, this hotel experience had secured international renown. In London, England, competing against several known long-standing high-class hotels, the Inn on the Park became known as the best among the best, in 1970. The chain grew an average pace of two hotels per year since.

What do you find offensive?

When people take credit where it’s not due, unfairly, or people dealing in a manner which humiliates others.

What highlight do you enjoy looking back on?

I’ve been fortunate to be a reasonable success, working with many people who’ve been part of that success.

Everybody in this company has been enriched from it, from a monetary, environment, and philosophical point of view. So, the gift is the many thousands of people who’ve benefited from the success and attitude of the company. //

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KENESHA LEWIS

Connecting to Her Roots, Through Chocolates

by Chinenye Emezie

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enesha Lewis had no experience in making chocolate, but loved the decadent confectionery! With a background in social work, she has worked in shelters, hospitals with children, youth, adults.

However, the entrepreneurial spirit that began as a kid when she sold freezies with her brothers, birthed her current life--in continuation of her love for helping people.

The Edge, A Leader's Magazine recently spoke with Kenesha about her company, future goals, and incredible achievements, including the most recent of being on the 2023 list of Oprah’s Favorite Things.

Photo courtesy of Kenesha Lewis

Did you have prior experience with making chocolates before starting up One More Cocoa?

I love to see people happy. So, prior to this, I had a baking business where I did cupcake decorating parties for kids. I sold cakes, dessert tables, and so forth.

I did custom lollipops too.

I would put an edible picture inside flowers, sprinkles, whatever you can. I think the last thing I made was a shaker.

So you put something like someone's logo in it, and you shook it, and the sprinkles shook all over the place.

The chocolate came about during 2020. I launched three bars for Christmas. It was gingerbread, candy-cane and eggnog; three flavors we still have.

How did the name One More Cocoa come about?

So, when I started, I was thinking about names I really wanted, that would connect with my Jamaican roots because it's very important to me. And one is a saying “one-one cocoa full basket.”

And it literally means one step at a time.

And I was talking to a friend and joking about calling it ‘One More Cocoa’ as a variation instead. That’s how the name came about.

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What has been your biggest challenge since inception?

There's been quite a bit on this journey.

I feel like I'm always learning something.

So, the major challenges was finding a team that will just help me grow and build, so I don't burn out. And also just making sure that we make enough products, because the cost of everything has skyrocketed. Those were our biggest challenges.

Why a physical store, in this age of ecommerce?

It wasn't important to me to have a store. I never wanted a store, it just kind of happened that way. I was making everything at home in the beginning and that was fine, until we started growing and needed more space.

Also, people love the storefront. When I tell people that our storefront does better than our e-commerce, they look at me like, how? And I'm like because people wanna come in. They like the smell of chocolate when they walk through our doors. It's like a kid in a candy store. And I think I bring that back for most people when they walk in. Also, they get to choose any of these colorful, wonderful things and have an experience with it.

And I try to give every single person that walk in our door the best experience.

I don't wanna lose that. My goal is to expand the store instead of closing it down, even though I know everybody's leaning to no stores.

How did you react to the news of being in the 2023 list of Oprah’s Favourite Things?

Weirdly enough, it hasn't hit me fully as yet, because I think I haven't had a chance. I believe in dreams, right? I'm quite superstitious or spiritual. So, one of the things that’s been on my list in the last three years since I started this business is to be in Oprah's Favorite Things. And it was honestly, by God’s grace that it happened. We’ve had to hit the ground running the moment we found out. Not like, “Oh, I'm on Oprah's list, let me sit back and let the money roll in.” Our storefront has become busier; everyone knows now who we are in the community of Whitby and Durham, because of Oprah. One gentleman walked in and said, “You put Whitby on the map!”

Just seeing how everybody was proud and extremely happy for me, and wanting me to continue to succeed, was the best part of it.

Finally, what’s your biggest dream for One More Cocoa?

I do want to be a national slash international brand, where people know who we are and the products we offer.

And one of the things that I've been working really hard on is our Caribbean line of chocolate bars. All the Caribbean islands have great cocoa and a wonderful chocolate industry. So, I started with the Jamaica Collection. //

winners' circle

ANNE HATHAWAY Charms in Romantic Drama Idea of You

by Dave Gordon

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nne Hathaway’s latest film is an age-gap romance that she says will make women ooh and ahh. She stars as Solène, opposite Nicholas Galitzine (Hayes Campbell), in the new Amazon Original, Idea of You. Solène, a 40-year-old single mother, is chaperoning her teenage daughter's trip to Coachella, and buds an unexpected love affair with twenty-something Campbell, the British lead singer of boy band August Moon.

Hathaway’s Hollywood breakthrough came in 2001 with the Disney film "The Princess Diaries," which catapulted her into the spotlight. She showcased her range by taking on roles in films as "Brokeback Mountain" (2005), and "The Devil Wears Prada" (2006), starring opposite Meryl Streep and Emily Blunt.

One of Hathaway's most notable roles came in 2012, when she played Fantine in the film adaptation of "Les Misérables" for which she earned the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. The Edge, A Leader’s Magazine was honoured to speak to the 41-year old actress about her upcoming film.

Photo courtesy of Anne Hathaway

What attracted you to the Idea of You script?

I loved Solène as a character. I thought she was so sweet with a sharp sense of humor.

I thought that was a really incredible combo. I loved the stage of life she’s at, where she’s experienced a really bad trauma to her trust, and she’s right at that place where she could become bitter, and kind of negative about love, and then the most unexpected thing happens to her – she finds someone unexpectedly.

I just love the idea of these two people, the idea that it’s the last thing either of them expect, but they become the one thing each other needs. I thought that was really beautiful.

Can you speak to the concept of the film?

I think that it’s really exciting when someone finds someone they can be intimate with – and intimacy is not just meaning physical intimacy. You can find someone to be intimate with your trust with. I think that watching two people who have both had their trust taken advantage of, discover that they can be safe and be intimate in that way with

each other – in addition to being able to explore pleasure and friendship and humour, all those really yummy things, those really romantic things. It got me really excited.

Did your perception of love change after making this film?

I think it's going to be unique to everybody. The part I feel changed because I experienced it in my life: how horrible it is when somebody abuses your trust. It's terrible.

It's hard to recover from and can take a long time. But if the opportunity presents itself, take it with both hands and don't look back. I love seeing a character heal from a trust trauma.

Witnessing such profound healing in a character's journey has deepened my understanding of love as something that's not only about joy and connection but also about resilience and the capacity to overcome profound hurts.

Why should people see the movie?

It’s a wonderful movie about love, trust, intimacy, pleasure, and fun, silliness, and music. There are fun concert sequences, great clothes, and an abundance of British charm.

Also, one of the things I want to put out there is that we obviously screened this movie for test audiences and people really, really love it. But women, especially women over the age of 35, are having an intense emotional reaction to the movie.

There is something about this movie that is touching something very deep inside of us. I think, perhaps, it’s a fear we’ve internalized that we are going to disappear while we are still alive. This movie says, “No, thank you,” to that entire narrative.

It's a different kind of wish-fulfillment. The wish isn’t, “Oh, I want to be a princess, or work at this company.” The wish is, I want to exist, and I want to feel loved.

I think that’s a great reason to see the movie. Also, the art is amazing, I forgot to mention that.

What are your favorite romantic movies?

I like my romance to be a little surreal.

I also like things that are delightful and bring you along for the ride. One of my favorite movies is Pretty Woman. I also loved It Happened One Night. But I think Moonstruck might be my favorite romantic movie. I like things that are heightened but extravagant in their desire for beauty. //

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TREVOR DANDY Reimagining Handcrafted Shoes

by Aaron Levinson

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s we transition to the great outdoors and return to our social lives, we surely need influential footwear designers to reimagine our outlook toward what’s trendy.

As a designer, Dandy often brings fresh ideas and new perspectives to his work, pushing the boundaries of what's possible and inspiring others to think outside the box. Dandy’s unique and original designs captivate people's attention and encourages them to think about doing more things ingeniously.

We spoke to Dandy, the name behind TRBOA handcrafted shoes, to enquire about the brand, its creative process, and the bold concept behind its design.

Photo courtesy of Trevor Dandy

What is the concept behind TRBOA? The meaning of TRBOA is – “TR- is for my initials and BOA stands for ‘beyond ordinary accomplishments.” The concept of the TRBOA line of handmade shoes, sandals, and boots is to provide qualitymade shoes that are affordable to individuals who want to make a fashion statement.

The concept behind the brand is the desire to bring men’s footwear to the customer in an ingenious way that’s unique and affordable, and could be utilized for a long time.

What is unique about TRBOA shoes?

Our intention is to create footwear that is unique and stands out from others in the market. Even though it has the characteristics of a shoe, it possesses features that are not readily associated with a regular shoe.

It could be utilized for both casual and formal attire. The sandals are made without side panels, allowing air to circulate freely under the soles of the feet, allowing them to breathe. The concept supports the sockless phenomenon or trend.

In your opinion, what makes leather shoes stand out?

Leather is a highly durable material that can withstand wear and tear, making leather shoes a long-lasting investment.

They are known for their classic, timeless

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style that can elevate any outfit. The natural texture and grain of leather also give shoes a unique and distinct look.

Additionally, leather shoes are breathable and mold to the shape of your feet, providing a comfortable and snug fit.

They come in a variety of styles from dress shoes to casual sneakers, making them versatile enough to wear for a range of occasions. Minimum maintenance is required, but they can be polished or conditioned to maintain their appearance and extend their lifespan. Overall, leather shoes stand out for their durability, style, comfort, versatility, and longevity.

As a designer, who inspires you the most?

I wasn’t inspired by any specific shoe designer. However, I had a very unfortunate experience while attending a seminar in Las Vegas. I was wearing a pair of shoes that were made by a well-known shoe designer.

One foot of the shoe’s sole came off as it was glued on, creating a big inconvenience for me as I was already late for an appointment. I was so annoyed that I ended up buying a replacement shoe that would have a more durable shoe life.

I began researching and traveling to various countries to look for shoe factories that would meet the design demands I envisioned. My quest for better, affordable, and comfortable shoes culminated in the creation of TRBOA.

What is your greatest strength as a designer?

A good shoe designer should always have the customers' interests in mind, considering that they are the ones purchasing and modelling the creation of the designer. The customer should be enamored by the designer’s creation as it showcases his level of creativity. I would say that my greatest strength as a designer is my ability to conceptualize what I envision. I am always dreaming about what makes a difference from the traditional status quo. I am always looking for trends that could be liked and appreciated by the consumer. My quest is always what’s next.

Finally, creative designers who are able to express themselves through their work can be particularly inspiring to others.

Whether through the use of color, shape, or texture, designers can convey their unique perspectives and points of view through their work and inspire others to do the same.

What advice would you give aspiring entrepreneurs?

Starting a business is not easy, it will likely take time and persistence to gain traction and build a loyal customer base.

Be patient, stay focused on your goals and be willing to adapt and iterate as you learn more about the market and your customers. //

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tech & innovation

THE IMPACTS OF THE LATEST TECHNOLOGY TRENDS IN THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY

by Gladys Christian

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any business operations around the globe have become more efficient with the use of technology to streamline operations. The travel and tourism industry is a partaker of that, from as crucial as daily operations to improving customer experience, the industry cannot operate without technology. The travel industry is made up of airlines, car rentals, hotels and restaurants, etc., and these various organisations have to keep up with the latest technology trends and their offerings in the industry.

Understanding Travel Technology to Better Define Travel Trends and their Impacts in the Travel Industry Travel technology simply defines the application of technology solutions and information technology, as well as e-commerce, within hospitality and the travel and tourism industry. Travel technology trends are about the newest technological and digital solutions in the travel industry. These trends are crucial to how effective the travel industry is in management and planning, especially ensuring a better customer experience, as well as in the area of streamlining their operations.

Metaverse & Travel This is one tech trend that the travel industry needs to take note of. The metaverse growth is hinged on the provision of a digital environment for social interactions through augmented and virtual reality technology. Through the exploration of digital recreations of travel locations and destinations, users of this technology can interact with one another. The impact of this tech trend has been felt across the globe.

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Contactless Payments

Sustainable Technology

Any technology that eases payment methods for customers is crucial.

Contactless payment will ensure that travel companies and their subsidiaries process customer payments quicker.

Additionally, many customers do not carry cash due to safety issues or for some other reasons, or forgot their debit or credit cards.

Sustainable technology aligned with environmental causes and consciousness by maintaining sustainable fuel in airlines and ships, as well as renewable energy in the hospitality industry.

This time-saving technology became widespread after the COVID-19 pandemic, and was a major marketing tool used to pacify travel customers who were still afraid of the virus, which was mostly contracted through contact. Hence, this tech can help protect both travel company employees and customers alike.

Augmented and Virtual Reality Has improved customer engagement by enhancing real-world travel experiences and virtual tours.

Mobile Technology This impact can be assessed by the reliance of customers’ access to apps via mobile devices for viewing digital travel guides, making travel bookings, initiating flight check-ins, etc.

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs)

Artificial Intelligence & Big Data

NFTs are digital assets using blockchain technology. They arrived in a wave, and their influence swept across the digital world. NFTs are touted as one of the technology trends the tourism and travel industry should get accustomed to, due to the unique digital items it represents.

These include the powering of customer loyalty schemes.

Has played a major role in travel business analytics, as well as in personalizing customers, travel experiences, such as chatbots, etc.

Cybersecurity Travel and tourism management companies are easy targets for cyberattacks and data breaches. This is due to their access to a large amount of customer data. Common threats include ransomware and phishing attacks. To combat this, safety measures in software and hardware solutions, as well as cybersecurity training, are crucial. It’s beneficial to stay abreast of regulations guiding the industry, and compliance with data protection laws.

Voice Technology Encouraged hands-free convenient travel planning through search and booking processes.

Biometrics Identification processes that are more secure and faster because of the implementation of biometric technology by airline companies and hotels.

IOT – Internet of Things Used for real-time luggage tracking, increased use of IOT devices in hotel rooms, and influenced the rise in the hiring of electric cars. //

tech & innovation

HOW TECHNOLOGY SHAPES THE FUTURE OF SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL

by Tyler Geis

S

ince the days of COVID keeping us all in our homes, a time where we fantasized about the first place we were all going to venture to when the world seemed a little safer, millions have hopped around the globe as traveling has gone to the forefront of many people's minds, despite things like inflation and global conflicts

in the world. This surge of people wanting to see something new raises the question. Can we have sustainable travel that doesn’t hurt our planet when we want to take a trip? The answer to that may not just lie in us and how we manage, but in how technology can help us.

The truth is, technology has already been at work in terms of smoothing out our travel experience for over a decade now. You probably know that company named Google, right? Remember when they got into the travel business by creating Google Flights back in 2011? That was only the beginning, as since then, they have become a company that can help your trip unfold one piece at a time, from flights to hotels to where to go once you’ve arrived, all the way to tracking down the best ride share. All of this being done on your phone and dismissing printouts of paperwork needed upon a trip. It turns out all of this was just the beginning, as the pivot has been from helping customers enjoy their trip to minimizing their carbon footprint.

gotten smarter with timed watering windows and planting drought-resistant plants and ground cover, which reduces the need for fertilizers and pesticides.

In the last few years, we have seen the evolution of all of this, from airports recommending you just screenshot your boarding pass from your email to save on paper, to placing rows of solar panels on the outskirts of their runways. Airports going green are the future of travel because the process from point A to point B starts with them. There are airports from all corners of the earth that are leading the charge on going green. Denver International Airport in Colorado has Canopy Airport Parking, a lot that prides itself on having the largest green parking lot of any airport as it is powered by solar, wind, and geothermal technologies. To go a step further, Stockholm Arlanda Airport in Sweden was the first airport ever to achieve carbon neutrality, all the way back in 2009.

It's not just airports being smart; it’s your destinations as well.

Many resorts and hotels all over the world have adopted a green way of thinking by adding solar panels to their buildings and properties. With this tactic, they reduce gas emissions and lower their energy costs. Many hotels are utilizing technology to assist their guests by having technology aid them in a more personal manner. Many Hiltons and Best Westerns have implemented “smart showers” that limit a guest's shower time and turn on and off if a guest needs to leave and reenter the shower. Irrigation systems at hotels have

If you’re avoiding the world of hotels and looking for a more secluded destination point, there are numerous regions of the world that generate energy from wind turbines. Anywhere from Block Island to the Jersey Shore now has wind farms off the coast generating energy. Or, just as good, but on a smaller scale, hydroelectric systems at eco-lodges provide renewable energy that does not affect the rural environment around them.

Let’s now highlight a company that has prided itself on sustainability in terms of travel. CWT is a corporate travel management company that works with organizations that are always on the go in terms of traveling all over the globe.

CWT prides itself on its eco-friendly consulting methods and has the awards and accolades to prove it. They’ve received gold and platinum Ecovadis ratings over the last decades.

They've committed themselves to providing their customers with sustainable travel products and have taken part in signing the U.N. Global Compact. Lastly, they have an app called MyCWT, an app that helps simplify business travel.

The platform helps the company’s customers do anything, like book flights, and more recently, helps track their carbon footprint during their travel experience.

As travel evolves into a more fast-paced environment for society, technology is going to need to stay a step ahead of us to save us from ourselves. Some regions of the world will adapt faster than others based on the influx of tourism and travel to certain destinations. The job is not done in terms of what technology can do to reduce what we leave in our trail when we travel, but as of right now, it looks and feels as if progress is being made as it shifts in the direction of a cleaner way of traveling. //

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tech & innovation

THE DANGERS OF BUILDING A SCIENCE-ONLY SOCIETY

E

verything around us is affected by science, from the digital alarm clock that wakes us up to the asphalt we drive on, and the baked potato we eat for dinner. Undeniably, our world depends on science and technology to make everything and anything work.

Nevertheless, among a large measure of the world’s population, there is fear and distrust of science. For example, with the onslaught of the COVID-19 pandemic, many questioned the validity of vaccines. With conspiracy theories ever increasing, many social media platforms had to implement a vaccine policy to address the rampage of misinformation.

With all the advancements in science, scientific facts are still relevant and unchangeable, whereas scientific theories have repeatedly changed. This makes us question whether we should completely put our trust in a science-based society.

What are the dangers of science?

Throughout the ages, scientists have achieved remarkable feats. Isaac Newton discovered the effect of the force of gravity and how it binds the planets, stars, and galaxies. Greek astronomer Ptolemy came up with the geocentric theory, which proved that the earth was the centre of the universe and all the other planets, stars, and the sun revolved around it.

Nevertheless, these scientists did not develop these scientific theories and hypotheses without valid tests. Today, scientists face a similar challenge in their pursuit of scientific advancement; they cannot find all the answers to their scientific experiments. While it is important to note the progress science has made, it is also essential to bear in mind its limitations and consequences.

Scientific advancement has consequences.

Even though science facilitated the development of tech products and

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by David Messiha medicines, it also had a harmful impact on our health and environment. For example, the exploitation of nature to produce and manufacture medicines led to an increase in deforestation globally.

This caused climate change, which lead to soil erosion, flooding, greenhouse gas emissions, and a host of other problems.

Science has also fostered technological advancement, allowing people to connect easily and efficiently. Nevertheless, the overuse of technology had a significant impact on teenagers and children, leading to psychological and physical health problems. For example, the increase in mobile devices like iPads, tablets, and mobile phones increased the use of social media among teenagers, making them more isolated. It also gave rise to mental health issues like depression and anxiety.

The increased use of technology gave rise to several physical health issues. With the rampant use of smartphones and mobile devices, which hold a person’s attention for a long time, there was an increase in health problems like eyestrain, poor posture, insomnia, and reduced physical activity.

To produce medication and vaccines, scientists usually conduct painful tests and experiments on animals first. According to the Humane Society, more than 50 million dogs, cats, monkeys, rabbits, rats, and other animals are subjected to painful experiments each year. Some animals were injected with chemicals or infected with diseases to allow scientists to conduct their tests.

The Humane Society estimates that over 280 chimpanzees are still waiting to be moved out of labs into the wild.

Oftentimes, these animals are confined to live in barren cages without adequate space for them to move. Small animals like mice, rats, and birds, on the other hand, are not protected under the Animal Welfare Act or counted in the annual statistics.

Should we put all our trust in science only?

Scientific discoveries have impacted the lives of millions and lowered the effects of diseases, reducing the mortality rate.

Many scientists have dedicated their entire lives to the cause of science; their scientific studies and endeavours should be praised. Nevertheless, as in all other areas of life, balance is imperative in assessing the true worth of knowledge and information. Undeniably, even though science has achieved remarkable feats in medicine and technology, it cannot be seen as the only answer to all our questions.

Many people argue that they cannot always trust scientists because they always change their minds. The beauty of this is that it allows scientists to question their theories and produce new observations and explanations that might otherwise seem paradoxical. Scientists do change their minds in light of new scientific evidence and discoveries; that’s because science allows people to learn and be open to new ways of thinking.

Just as we can learn new things from scientists, our modern society also relies on trusting other experts. Whether they are dentists, plumbers, car mechanics, or professors, they all have a valid role in society, to contribute their knowledge and skills and make them useful to us.

Just as we wouldn’t go to a plumber to have a root canal, we wouldn’t have a dentist fix our car, either.

If we need to utilize the right tools for our society, we must address the right individuals. We have to rely on many institutions in our society for knowledge and information. At a time when there is so much misinformation and many spare conspiracy theories, relying on the right think tank is imperative. If we need scientific information, we should go to the people who have dedicated their lives to such a cause. On scientific matters, we trust scientists just as we would trust historians or anthropologists! //

tech & innovation

JAN KESTLE

Transforming Data into Insight

by Maureen Simpson

J

an Kestle, Founder and President of Environics Analytics, has been a trailblazer in the marketing information industry for over four decades.

Her expertise in leveraging statistics and mathematics has addressed diverse business challenges across North America and beyond.

When not spearheading analytical solutions for companies, Jan shares her insights through keynote speeches. Today, she chatted about her entrepreneurial journey and Environics Analytics' prospects.

Photo courtesy of Jan Kestle

Could you provide an overview of environics analytics methodologies?

At Environics Analytics, we pride ourselves on our data-driven methodologies that blend cutting-edge analytics with deep domain expertise. We employ a multifaceted approach, integrating advanced statistical modelling, machine learning algorithms, and geospatial analysis to extract actionable insights from complex datasets.

What sets your company apart, and what guiding principles shape your leadership?

How do you foresee Environics Analytics contributing to societal progress beyond business objectives?

At Environics Analytics, our competitive advantage lies in our unwavering commitment to making people's lives better and our clients more successful through transformative data and analytics.

We prioritize integrity, innovation, and collaboration in everything we do.

Environics Analytics is committed to leveraging data and analytics to drive business success and create positive social impact. By providing insights that inform policy decisions, improve public services, and address societal challenges, we aim to contribute to building healthier, more equitable communities and advancing the greater good.

Our process begins with a comprehensive understanding of our client's objectives, followed by meticulous data collection and thorough demographic and lifestyle analyses. By leveraging sophisticated analytical techniques, we uncover nuanced audience segments and deliver strategic recommendations tailored to our clients' needs.

Our leadership guides our customercentric philosophy, where we place the needs and interests of our clients at the forefront of our decision-making process. We believe in fostering a culture of continuous learning, empowerment, and accountability, where every team member is encouraged to contribute their unique talents and perspectives towards achieving our collective goals.

Being a finalist for the EY Entrepreneur of the Year award in 2017 must have been a significant recognition. How did you perceive this acknowledgment?

What noteworthy advice do you have for women striving in a male dominated industry environment?

The nomination for the EY Entrepreneur of the Year award was a tremendous honour and a testament to the hard work and dedication of our entire team at Environics Analytics. It validated our commitment to innovation, excellence, and client success.

To be recognized among a distinguished group of entrepreneurs was genuinely humbling and energizing. It reinforced our resolve to continue pushing boundaries and driving positive change in the industry.

I advise aspiring female leaders to stay true to themselves and never compromise their values or principles. Embrace your unique strengths and perspectives, and don't be afraid to assert yourself and demand the respect and recognition you deserve.

Surround yourself with a supportive network of mentors, allies, and peers who can offer guidance, encouragement, and advocacy. Remember that diversity and inclusion are essential for driving innovation and success; your voice and contributions matter.

Who has been a significant professional inspiration for you?

Throughout my career, I've learned from many inspirational leaders and mentors who have helped shape my journey. One individual who stands out is Chris Buehler, my mentor in the private sector. Chris's unwavering commitment to customercentricity, ethical business practices, and continuous improvement has deeply influenced my approach to leadership.

His mentorship and guidance have been invaluable in shaping my professional growth and development.

Where do you envision Environics Analytics in the next decade?

In the next decade, Environics Analytics will continue its growth, innovation, and impact trajectory. Our primary focus will be on harnessing emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and predictive analytics, to deliver our clients even more sophisticated and actionable insights. //

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tech & innovation

DAX DASILVA Initiating Innovation in Retail

by Julian Braithwaite

D

ax Dasilva's journey characterizes the classic entrepreneurial narrative: spotting a market need and seizing the opportunity to address it without procrastination.

His creation, Lightspeed, specializes in providing point-of-sale solutions tailored for small and medium-sized businesses in the retail and restaurant sectors.

Photo courtesy of L-SparK

Dasilva's passion for coding and technology ignited at an early age, fueled by his father's gift of a Mac computer on his 12th birthday. By age 13, he had secured an internship with an Apple developer, solidifying his ambition to establish and grow his tech enterprise.

This early exposure and hands-on experience laid the foundation for his future success as an innovator and leader in the tech industry.

Raised by a graphic designer father, Dasilva was impressed by the original Macintosh computer at a young age, marvelling at its ability to simplify complexity through a graphical interface.

His passion for software development fueled his fascination with Apple's design ethos and experience programming for forestry companies and Apple dealerships in British Columbia. Recognizing a gap in inventory management and point-of-sale software for Mac users, Dasilva embarked on a mission to create inventory-centric point-of-sale systems inspired by the seamless experience of Apple Stores.

Upon founding Lightspeed in 2005, Dasilva's vision resonated strongly with businesses seeking to emulate the Apple Store experience. The company experienced explosive growth, boasting a staggering 1,900 per cent growth rate from 2006 to 2011 and earning accolades as one of Canada's fastest-growing firms. Over the years, Lightspeed has expanded its offerings through strategic acquisitions and significant investments, raising $307 million since 2012.

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Originating in 2005 within a modest Montreal office space with just four employees, Lightspeed has since burgeoned into a global powerhouse. It serves approximately 50,000 enterprises across over 100 nations, facilitating transactions totalling an impressive $15 billion annually.

Dasilva's entrepreneurial journey includes his commitment to giving back, evident in the establishment of Never Apart, a non-profit arts organization housed in Lightspeed's former offices.

Through Never Apart, Dasilva promotes community and diversity in arts and culture, bridging the worlds of technology and creativity.

Reflecting on Canada's tech startup landscape, Dasilva observes a positive shift towards homegrown success stories and a growing recognition of Canada's potential as a tech hub. He envisions a future where Canadian companies like Lightspeed, Shopify, and Hootsuite are permanent anchors in the global tech ecosystem.

His entrepreneurial spirit and Lightspeed's path symbolize Canada's emergence as a formidable player in the tech industry, challenging the notion that innovation is exclusive to Silicon Valley. Through their efforts, Dasilva and companies like Lightspeed showcased the nation's capacity to compete on a global scale.

One of the critical factors driving Canada's tech renaissance is its vibrant startup ecosystem. Cities like Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal are experiencing a surge in tech startups fueled by talent, investment, and government support.

Venture capital investment in Canadian tech companies has steadily increased, providing crucial funding for growth and expansion.

Canada's diverse and highly skilled workforce contributes to its competitiveness in the tech sector. The country's immigration policies attract top talent worldwide, enriching its talent pool and fostering a culture of innovation and collaboration.

This diversity of perspectives and experiences is reflected in the products and services developed by Canadian tech companies, making them more adaptable and appealing to global markets.

As Dasilva's entrepreneurial journey unfolds, it intertwines with the broader narrative of Canada's evolving tech landscape. Once overshadowed by Silicon Valley, Canada now emerges as a hub for innovation and entrepreneurship.

Dasilva's vision for Lightspeed goes beyond providing software solutions; it's about empowering small and medium-sized businesses to thrive in an increasingly digital world. By democratizing access to cuttingedge technology, Lightspeed enables businesses of all sizes to compete with industry giants and adapt to changing consumer preferences.

Dasilva's success with Lightspeed exemplifies this shift, as the company thrives domestically and competes on the global stage.

In addition to his entrepreneurial endeavours, Dasilva consistently advocates for social causes and environmental sustainability. //

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policies

THE INFLUENCE OF GOVERNMENT POLICIES ON CORPORATE ACCOUNTABILITY IN THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM SECTOR

T

he travel and tourism industry is one of complexity. There are many factors that go into how it runs, and each factor comes with its own challenges and opportunities for innovation. Not only does the industry involve various sectors, like hotels, air travel, ground travel, tours, food and beverage, and more, it also includes participants at every level, from travelers, to those employed within the industry, to local communities, to local and national governments, and global organizations. What this amounts to is a tremendously large industry that oftentimes lacks regulation.

by Lauren Schwartz Of course, all of this came to a head when COVID-19 exposed all of the shortcomings of the industry, disproportionately impacting those who work within the industry, and more specifically, the overwhelming number of women, young people, and migrant workers who are employed in travel and tourism in comparison to any other industry.

However, the pandemic also brought to the forefront how the industry needs to change. Researchers and those within the industry are now looking into how travel and tourism can change to better reflect society today. A lot of research

Also, there is now coming to the forefront a focus on the environmental impact of travel and tourism, and global organizations like the United Nations have been introducing agendas to align travel and tourism with global climate change initiatives.

Impacts of Tourism

Country-Specific Policy

The travel and tourism industry has historically been a leading job creator, bringing in both local and foreign income, and is a major driver of economic growth. It is important for the socio-economic growth of a country or region and has typically been one of the world’s fastest and largest growing economic sectors.

Policy and legislation in the travel and tourism industry comes from the national, regional, and local levels. They generally focus on the economic success of the industry, creating incentives for those in the industry who meet targets, while fixing market failures. Governments also help implement sector specific regulations, licenses, and standards.

The travel and tourism industry has also helped many regions reduce poverty, and is one of the largest employers of women, migrant workers, and young people.

At the federal level, there is usually a ministry dedicated to the travel and tourism industry, although this is not always the case. Typically, while one ministry helms the industry, they must work together with other ministries to ensure that legislation is enacted properly and keeps everyone’s interests in mind.

Global Policy One of the global initiatives aimed at reducing the environmental impact of the travel and tourism industry is the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda, introduced in 2015. While the agenda itself is not specifically aimed at travel and tourism, the industry is named several times. There are two pledges and several goals which all outline how the travel and tourism industry needs to change in order to combat climate change.

In addition, the agenda aims to eliminate poverty and increase equality and inclusion, thus calling upon the industry to ensure that people are employed in a safe and sustainable manner, and that tourism promotes local culture and products, helping the local economies of locations that are not often popular tourist destinations.

Many countries around the world have agreed to this agenda, and while it is not legally binding, it does set the groundwork for unified and global change. How each country implements these goals will be up to the individual governments, as each country will have its own national targets and circumstances.

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is still missing, particularly into how travel and tourism not only impacts the economy, but also how there are other contributing factors that lead to the success of travel and tourism, like culture, diversity, coordination of all those involved in the industry, and education of those hoping to enter the industry.

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In addition to identifying and setting targets for the industry and introducing incentives for those who make their targets, regional and local governments help see how specific areas are impacted by travel and tourism and introduce regionspecific policies where necessary.

It was outlined in the UN agenda that governments also need to work to look at cultural and region-specific contexts in order to increase the overall success and sustainability of the travel and tourism industry.

So, while governments also provide direction and support, it is implementation that is often the problem. There is still a gap between policy and action, and many policies are not specific enough while considering local needs and contexts. Also, an aspect of corporate accountability that is often overlooked is turnover rate. Governments have not done enough to remedy the bad working conditions that many workers in the industry face, and because of this, many universities are struggling to fill their travel and tourism courses. //

policies

CURRENT CHANGES IN THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE INDUSTRY

by Stephanie Hawkins

T

he travel and tourism industry has always been in a state of evolution. During the COVID-19 pandemic, just as with many other industries, travel and tourism was drastically and severely impacted.

However, there has been a resurgence, especially since 2022, with a drastic uptick in travel. There is clear evidence that the demand and popularity of travelling, especially internationally, is back and stronger than ever.

"The same trend can be seen in airfares (i.e., higher fares from Toronto to European hubs, for example) and a resale market for entrance tickets to iconic destinations such as the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Colosseum in Rome. We are also noting that many regions are trying to shift travellers to shoulder lowseason travel, which appeals to March Break/Spring Break travelling families who may go to a European city, or on safari in places like Botswana, Zambia, or Zimbabwe, instead of a beach holiday in high-season Caribbean.”

The change is very evident. Those linked to the travel industry directly – for example, travel agents, trip advisors, airlines, and accommodations – are finding themselves to be much busier, not only during peak or heightened travel seasons, but far more consistently throughout the year as well. With this growth and demand, many layoffs that had occurred in previous years are bouncing back, and employment is steadily increasing.

Another trend that is continuing to grow and gain traction is ‘wellness tourism,’ which can include fitness or yoga retreats, wellness resorts, spas, hiking tours, meditation, and water therapies (such as saunas or cold-water plunges) among other choices. This is beneficial not only to those participating directly, but also to the local economy and surrounding businesses.

Not only has there been an increase in overall demand and interest in travel in general, but consumers are also looking to create unique, authentic trips to a variety of destinations. As one is considering their travel opportunities, it is also important to keep current and emerging trends in mind, as this may have an impact on where, when, and how you travel.

In speaking with Mercedeh Sanati, coowner of Quench Trip Design in Toronto, it’s clear that there are some interesting and distinct trends within the industry.

She noted that, “Countries like Italy and Japan, for example, have had record years for incoming visitors over the past two years. As a result, prices for accommodation, transportation, and so on have increased to their highest levels in recent times.

According to The Global Wellness Institute, wellness travel is a billion dollar industry and travellers “are looking to continue their wellness lifestyle during travel, and this lifestyle may encompass healthy eating, exercise/fitness routines, mind-body practices, nature experiences, connections with local people and culture, etc., thereby creating opportunities for businesses such as yoga studios, gyms and fitness centres, healthy food stores/markets, events, arts and crafts, museums, and many others.” This is a great option for travellers looking to try something new, or to build on a preexisting wellness routine as a part of their domestic or international travels.

When asked about specific challenges that the industry is facing and how one should navigate them, Ms. Sanati mentioned several factors to consider.

These include such things as “sociopolitical situations and weather patterns,

climate change or natural disasters that may impact where travellers feel 'safe' to visit. In the past 6 - 8 months alone, we have had travellers question whether they should move forward with plans to go to mainland Ecuador (due to political unrest), Iceland (continuous volcanic activity), and Morocco (an earthquake in September 2023).”

“The best thing we can do as their advisors is provide real-time guidance based on what information we have from our colleagues on the ground, to follow Government of Canada travel advisories, and of course, we always encourage travellers who are planning far ahead to book travel insurance (cancellation and interruption).”

The travel industry continues to be resilient through the many challenges and changes that have recently occurred.

High demand and increased overall costs have certainly impacted the way in which we now approach how we travel, and the choices we are making when determining where we are headed. However, there are excellent options for individuals and businesses that can help, including working with professionals to assist with curating a trip, as well as being made aware of trends and factors impacting your travel plans. There is no shortage of options to get you to your next travel destination fully prepared to have a memorable experience in every way. //

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CHOOSING THE IDEAL INSURANCE POLICY FOR SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL

by Cheryl Struzer

K

nowledge is power. Inform yourself, and you’ll choose wisely. You don’t relish the thought of a prenuptial, but you sign it nevertheless; it’s the same with potential vacation calamities. It’s no longer a question of "should I or should I not get travel insurance?" You need to figure out which policy is going to suit your individual needs.

The Non-Negotiables Coverage not only for every destination, but for all your providers, including your airlines, tour companies, and cruise line. Some insurers will not cover certain companies for “financial default.”

Some policies won’t cover an airline bankruptcy if you bought your ticket directly from the airline.

Ask if you need a waiver/rider for a pre-existing medical condition. If so, be honest, or it may be held against you later, should you attempt to make a claim.

Emergency medical coverage for illnesses and injuries, including COVID-19. Ensure that quarantines, treatments, hospitalizations, and cancellations, are all covered.

Sometimes, an insurer might exclude coverage for “pandemic diseases.” However, H1N1/ H5N1 influenzas are classified by WHO as pandemics. Does this mean your cancellation policy will be useless if you catch them?

Evacuation coverage because of political turbulence, natural disasters, terrorism, civil unrest, wars, rebellions, and injuries.

Many insurers might not respect your chosen policy, if you say you changed your mind about travelling because of “civil disorder” at your destination. Ensure you’re covered for what you truly might need.

Other Basics Include the Following: Coverage for your cameras, cellphones, computers, e-readers, gaming devices.

Coverage for any stolen or lost jewelry/baggage/clothing!

Dismal to think of, but, compensation for dismemberment/ death.

There are policies regarding pregnancies, stating if you’re pregnant when you purchase the policy, you cannot use pregnancy as an excuse not to travel! Some trips to countries under travel advisories/restrictions may not be covered. Be aware of the levels of travel advisories, and how they impact your policy.

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Advisories have grades, to assess the risk level of threat to you: Level 1: practice a normal level of caution.

Level 2: exercise a higher level of caution.

Level 3: avoid non-essential travel.

Level 4: avoid all travel.

Usually, anything listed in levels three/four is not eligible for coverage. Your policy might be nullified when you disregard certain advisory levels because there’s the potential for harm.

Participating in high-risk activities? Para jumping or offmountain skiing may require additional coverage. Ensure your provider specializes in your demographic group; there are specific needs for seniors, students, and visitors.

Ask Questions Is there an easily accessible toll-free emergency line 24/7, from anywhere in the world? Can you receive reimbursements immediately, straight to your bank account, or will you be waiting for that supposed cheque in the mail?

Can you extend your dates if you would like to stay away longer? Be aware of cancellation coverage cost and the exceptions attached.

Will “cancel for any reason” cost a lot more, and is it worth it?

Be skeptical of this insurance, because it often only pays out approximately 50-75 per cent of your expenses, in contrast with the full cost paid out by regular travel insurance.

Does your insurance policy have a deductible? What will that cost you? Can you change the amount?

Are there bonuses, if purchasing insurance early? Apparently, if you buy the policy when you buy your trip, you’ll get the most coverage for your buck.

Be Aware of Applicable Discounts There are seniors’/membership/claim-free/early-bird/loyalty discounts. Read the clauses. A company’s discount does not necessarily mean their costs are cheaper.

When you’re travelling with children or teens, the likelihood of injuries is always higher! Take out your calculator, and do the math. It may be more economical to get a family plan, but not always. Additionally, frequent travelers may benefit from an “annual” plan. //

policies

SUSAN CHAMBERLAIN Uniting Books, Readers and Stories

by Jason Waddle

N

estled in the heart of Sarnia, Ontario, The Book Keeper is more than just an outlet of literature; it embodies a cherished, shared space where book lovers congregate, stories intertwine, and reading thrives. Susan Chamberlain is at the helm of this establishment and is an essential figure in the history of independent bookstores.

Her journey with The Book Keeper is not merely one of entrepreneurship but of a connection to the community it serves.

With a love for books and a commitment to fostering a haven for readers, Chamberlain's stewardship of The Book Keeper has been nothing short of transformative. Having inherited the ownership, she carries forward the tradition of independent bookstores — that resonates with literary culture.

In a conversation with The Edge, A Leader's Magazine, Susan Chamberlain graciously shares the challenges that have marked her tenure as the owner of The Book Keeper.

Photo courtesy of Susan Chamberlain

What inspired you to take the entrepreneurial road with The Book Keeper? What challenges have you overcome to grow your business?

I worked at The Book Keeper when I was in high school. The bookstore has been a part of me for a long time.

The former owner, Kathy Mitchell, mentored me like a second mother.

My owning The Book Keeper became a joke between Kathy and me — never realizing this would materialize.

I lived outside Sarnia for about ten years before becoming the new owner. When I moved back to Sarnia, I had a husband and my first child. I continued to work at The Book Keeper every other Saturday.

At this point, Kathy and I began discussing if I would take over the business. However, I became pregnant with my next child.

At this point, the bookstore was in danger of closing. Since there would never be a perfect time, I decided to take over The Book Keeper.

Time management was challenging while having a family and running the bookstore. However, it was nice for my children to grow up around a bookstore.

Since you took ownership of The Book Keeper in 2001, what changes have you seen in the industry?

When I first took over, the industry was just booked. Audiobooks were on cassette but were slowly merging [into] CDs. Over time, e-books and online buying were giant scary monsters for booksellers.

The worry was having to compete with these new venues.

I decided not to worry about these new forms of purchasing books. You get less scared of things as time goes on. We have always had faithful customers.

For example, at the pandemic's beginning, things were uncertain [as to] what would happen to the business.

Thankfully, our customers continued to purchase from us, and the online platforms kept us in business.

Regarding technological changes, we began with one computer; now we have six and two store laptops.

There's a cell phone for the store, too. In the early days, inventory was handwritten; now, the store is computerized. There have been many technological changes, but books have not changed in hundreds of years.

What measures do you take to be involved with local communities?

There are many ways we engage [with] the community. For example, if an agency has invited an author to speak, The Book Keeper is often asked to set up an area to sell their books, which we love to do.

We support book fairs and schools. We donate books to various organizations, such as hospitals, drop-in centers, and charities. I help introduce new authors and always try to accommodate these kinds of requests.

From a marketing and sales perspective, how do you build loyalty with your customer base?

In the store, we have a rewards program.

The more you shop, the more points a customer receives, and the points turn into money towards items in the store.

The Book Keeper has online shopping accompanied by a delivery service if customers require it. We are highly active on social media, especially Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok. I have advertised the bookshop in newspapers and the radio for many years.

Our last prominent author, before the pandemic hit, was Margaret Atwood.

Seven hundred people attended this event. It's nice to see my customers gathered on these occasions. I feel ownership when I see my customers. //

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BASIL KHAN

Delivering Exceptional Legal Solutions

by Aaron Levinson

B

asil Khan grew his law firm exponentially in less than eight years. Established in 2017, Helix Law is already merging with another law firm to provide clients in estate planning and other fields with quality consultation and advice they would expect from a firm that is ever committed to providing dynamic services.

Khan fiercely advocates for his clients providing legal advice and representation to clients in a wide range of business, real estate and personal legal matters. His client-centric approach allowed him to gain people's trust for various consultation options to suit their circumstances.

Khan spoke to The Edge, A Leader’s Magazine, about his practice and offered tangible recommendations on drafting wills and estate planning many would be glad to take to heart.

Photo courtesy of Basil Khan

Can you tell us about Helix Law?

Why is it important to have a will?

Helix Law is the firm I practice law under.

Helix Law will now be part of a new partnership with two other lawyers.

I will be under a new law firm called Obazee Nobahar Khan, LLP. I started Helix Law in 2017 and have been running it successfully since then. I have represented a wide range of clients, individuals, and businesses in litigation, business, construction, real estate, and estate planning matters.

If you don't make a will and you pass away, you are considered to have passed away “intestate”. In Ontario, the intestate succession rules in the Succession Law Reform Act of Ontario will govern who gets what from your estate. If you want to accommodate certain people or, don't want people in your will, or want certain assets to be handled in a certain kind of way when you pass away, then you should make a will.

Over the years, I have built a good relationship with clients and professionals.

I decided to join forces with two other lawyers who practice in real estate and immigration law to grow my law practice and to continue to provide client-oriented legal services.

The executor needs to follow the last wishes that are in your will, it could also be challenged, but the challenges are very rare. Without a will, your alive next of kin will get something from your estate based on the intestate succession rules.

What are the types of services you provide?

I practice in the areas of litigation, business, real estate, and estate planning.

With respect to real estate, I deal with all matters related to real estate; it could be purchases, sales, financing, transferring title, or construction related matters. With respect to estate planning, that includes drafting wills and power of attorneys, and advice on transferring assets and tax savings for when they pass away.

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What are some of the common hurdles people encounter in Estate Planning?

Estate planning is not the easiest thing; it is quite nerve-racking for many. There are some hurdles that I would say are emotional hurdles and others that are asset hurdles. The first hurdle is who to name as executor of your estate; another hurdle is who to name as beneficiaries and who can be temporary guardians of your minor children if both parents pass away. People are constantly thinking about how much of their estate they want to give to certain people as well.

Should you always hire a lawyer when drafting a will?

That's a question that many ask, you can do your wills alone. There are even online, “do-it-yourself” wills, and there are businesses out there that offer standardized wills. But just because you can do it on your own doesn't mean what you're doing is best for your estate.

A lawyer has the knowledge, skills, and expertise. A lawyer will assess your estate and determine from you what you want to do with your assets.

The lawyer will advise you on how to plan your estate when you pass away, including transferring assets, establishing a trust (if applicable), designation of beneficiaries under life insurance policies and registered accounts, and assist you in determining if dual wills may be necessary.

The lawyer will give you the best advice to suit your circumstances. Without a lawyer, you might end up making a will that does not meet legal requirements and may not properly be accounted for based on your circumstances. //

Dine-in .

Takeout .

Big Screen HD TVs .

196 MCEWAN DR.E, BOLTON,ON L7E 4E5

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infographic

THE ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

by Rob Shapiro

T

he travel and tourism sector is a key cog in the global economy and national and local economies rely on the trickle-down effect to ensure their prosperity. Incidentally, there’s a dark side to tourism, as it can negatively impact the quality of life for locals and harm the environment. For good reasons, sustainable travel has become a must for many tourists and a pivotal driver for the travel and tourism sector, as well as the global economy.

Tourism’s Global Economic Impact The number of international tourist arrivals in 1950 was only 25 million and reached 1.5 billion by 2019 (Tourism, n.d).

7.6%

1950

2033

25 million

$15.5 trillion

2019

The travel and tourism sector contributed $9.5 trillion to the global economy in 2023, close to its 2019 levels when travel peaked (World Travel & Tourism Council, 2024).

$9.5 trillion

In 2019, tourism was responsible for about 10 per cent of the global GDP (gross domestic product) (Tourism, n.d).

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The World Travel & Tourism Council forecasts that the travel and tourism sector will substantially increase its GDP contribution to $15.5 trillion by 2033 (Shehadi & Shehadi, 2023).

What is Sustainable Travel?

1.5 Billion

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In 2022, tourism was responsible for roughly 7.6 per cent of the global GDP (Tourism, n.d).

10%

Sustainable travel, also called ecotourism, refers to travellers who support protecting the environment, addressing climate change, reducing plastic consumption and enhancing economic development in places they visit, and areas impacted by tourism.

This approach to travel considers the long-term impact on the planet, and on people in communities that are reliant on tourism and susceptible to overtourism (Bogunovic, 2022).

infographic

Sustainable Travel’s Global Economic Impact Since the travel and tourism sector is torn between the economic benefits of tourism and the inherent environmental impacts, sustainable travel is key to the industry’s future contribution to the global economy (Why Collaboration Is Key to Overcoming Barriers to Sustainable Travel #COP28, 2023b).

Ryanair intends to dispose of all single-use plastics in the next five years (Bogunovic, 2022).

InterContinental Hotels Group and Marriott International are phasing out single-use plastic toiletries bottles (Bogunovic, 2022).

Sustainable travel can stimulate the economy through job creation, supporting small businesses, and encouraging community development (Partners, 2023).

Sustainable Travel Facts and Figures A goal of sustainable travel is to reinvest tourism revenue into the local infrastructure and healthcare system (Partners, 2023).

Sustainable travel is foundational to the long-term viability of the travel and tourism sector, by ensuring destinations continue to be attractive to travellers while also benefiting the visitors and locals for years (Partners, 2023).

Sustainable travel is paramount to the health of the global economy, as it helps maintain a balance between economic development and environmental protection (Partners, 2023).

Two examples of harmful tourism are: the affected river and plant life in Caño Cristales, Colombia, and in Antarctica, where the water pollution caused by cruise ships is jeopardizing many of its species.

A 2019 report from the United Nations World Tourism Organization stated that tourism-related transport produced carbon dioxide emissions that are a major contributor to the climate change crisis (Sustainable Tourism Worldwide, 2024).

Sustainable Travel Tactics and Strategies Measures that support sustainable travel include but are not limited to: implementing carbon offsets, tourists taking public transportation and using reusable water bottles (Bogunovic, 2022).

As of July 2023, the share of global travellers booking accommodations with strict sustainability practices was over 50 per cent (Sustainable Tourism Worldwide, 2024).

Over 50%

Travellers are encouraged to take a train for short journeys, rather than a plane, to reduce carbon emissions.

•

In 2022, hotel sustainability was considered either somewhat or very important to most business travellers (Sustainable Tourism Worldwide, 2024).

(Data shows that 1kg of CO2 emitted by a train journey equals 22kg of CO2 emitted by a flight (Bogunovic, 2022).

Certain prominent companies in the travel industry are moving in a positive direction (Bogunovic, 2022).

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infographic

42% 15%

A survey conducted in 2019 states that 42 per cent of U.S. travellers would consider prioritizing sustainable travel.

Only 15 per cent of respondents were familiar with what sustainable travel entails (Stone, 2022).

The Growing Economic Need for Sustainable Travel

According to Booking. com, 53 per cent of global tourists are eager to be more sustainable in their future travels (Zhang, 2023).

69 per cent of respondents to the same survey anticipate that the travel industry will offer more sustainable travel options (Zhang, 2023).

53%

69%

Many hotel groups and travel organizations have joined a coalition to adhere to a set of principles that include “demand for fair income distribution” among other initiatives (Zhang, 2023).

More than half of travellers surveyed want to see how their tourism dollars are being filtered into the local community (Zhang, 2023).

The demand for sustainability has led to “regenerative travel”, a framework that encourages travellers to “leave a place better than you found it” (Zhang, 2023).

SOURCES https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/what-sustainable-tourism-means https://www.rd.com/list/places-ruined-by-tourism/ https://www.statista.com/topics/1916/green-tourism/#topicOverview https://hospitalityinsights.ehl.edu/sustinable-travel-statistics https://www.travelperk.com/en-ca/blog/what-is-sustainable-travel-heres-everything-you-need-to-know/ https://www.bmz.de/en/issues/tourism#:~:text=As%20the%20number%20of%20tourists,is%20directly%20related%20 to%20tourism. https://wttc.org/research/economic-impact https://wttc.org/news-article/global-travel-and-tourism-catapults-into-2023-says-wttc https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/09/the-future-of-tourism-is-sustainable-and-regenerative-sdim23/ https://csglobalpartners.com/news-how-important-is-sustainable-travel/

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marketing & branding

10 DIGITAL MARKETING MISTAKES AND HOW TO SOLVE THEM

by The Edge Team

N

ot everyone can be a master at digital marketing. But . understanding it and recognizing mistakes can go a long way when running your business. Get the jump on potential errors with this comprehensive guide.

1. Overlooking Mobile Marketing Now that the smartphone is the primary device for browsing the internet, businesses must ensure that company webpages are optimized for mobile viewing, and that opportunities to explore the full potential of the many forms of mobile marketing, including apps and emojis, are not overlooked.

2. Skipping A/B Testing One of the best ways to decide what works and doesn’t work on a website is to do an A/B test, comparing two sections of a webpage to see which performs better. These test results provide insights into the audience and opportunities to optimize to suit target audience needs and wants.

3. Ignoring Social Media Today’s consumers want to hear of the company they are dealing with, so, it is important to be active on social media.

Infrequent posting cause followers to lose interest. Live posts as a form of brand awareness are preferable to automated messages on social platforms to bolster a convincing online presence, promote and spread the word about your products, and reach customers directly. Be aware that social media provides an outlet for customers to air their opinions, both positive and negative.

4. Purchasing Social Media Followers When selling or promoting products or services on digital media, focus on how the audience interacts with the company’s content. For instance, do people ‘Like’ and ‘Share’ the content so that it appears in their followers’ ‘News Feeds’? ‘Purchasing’ social media followers will boost a company’s follower count.

However, purchased followers are less likely to engage with the company’s content, and engagement is key in digital marketing. Posts with low engagement are often hidden from users’ timelines on sites such as Twitter and Facebook.

Also, note that the companies that sell followers often have no privacy policy, meaning they may also sell email addresses and spam accounts with ads for their own services.

5. Limiting Interactivity Digital marketing is interactive. Make it easy and fun for consumers to participate. Take advantage of all tools available to digital media. A few creative examples: ordering a Domino’s pizza by texting or tweeting a pizza emoji; being able to choose up to three Steve Madden shoe styles for one’s personal Bitmoji avatar.

6. Ignoring Search Engine Marketing Rather than waiting for search engine rankings to build organically, companies can get a head start by employing Search Engine Marketing (SEM). Paid services such as Google AdWords, Yahoo Search Ads, and Bing Ads can help speed the ascent to the top of the search results page. It has been found that sites using SEM have a 50 per cent click-through rate, making it a sure bet for increasing website traffic.

7. Shunning Email Marketing The introduction of Canada’s Anti-Spam Law (CASL) on July 1, 2014, has led many businesses to assume they can no longer use emails as a marketing tool, but that’s not the case.

Companies can still send promotional emails, if they have first obtained express consent from the intended message recipient.

This can be done by asking customers for email addresses at the cash register, or asking website visitors to complete their consent form on the company’s website. Email notifications continue to be an effective way to reach customers.

8. Avoiding Partnerships A well-matched partnership can be an effective marketing tool for a company and its business partner.

9. Focusing on Quantity not Quality Take time and effort to create a quality digital marketing campaign that consumers and audiences find engaging and memorable. Don’t bombard them with repetitive messages that drive them to hit the ‘Unsubscribe’ button, or that cause social media platforms to tag your content as spam.

10. Ignoring Traditional Marketing It is tempting to ignore old forms of marketing, such as print and television ads, but maintaining a balance between traditional marketing and digital marketing can help ensure that a company reaches all its target markets and audiences. //

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HOW TO CONDUCT A COMPETITIVE MARKET ANALYSIS FOR LEAD GENERATION

by Claire Simpson

What is a Competitive Market Analysis?

Unique Value Proposition

A competitive market analysis is a strategy that involves researching your competitors to learn about their products, pricing, marketing approaches, sales tactics, and strengths/ weaknesses.

Having an in-depth understanding of your competitors services or products enables you to pinpoint your brand’s unique value proposition.

Understanding where your competitors stand can help you to effectively tailor your business strategies and grow market share within your industry. If one of your competitors is doing exceptionally well, learn from them and apply that knowledge to help your brand stay relevant.

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Plus, reading reviews on your competitors can help identify areas where they are falling short on. As a result, your brand can step up to the plate and ensure those needs are met when their customers come to you.

marketing & branding

Research

Marketing Tactics

Research your competitors and the products or services they offer. Find out their pricing and learn about their selling tactics, content strategy, and engagement on social media platforms.

Depending on the product or service, you’ll want to check if your competitor has their media kit posted, if they have press releases, blogs, whitepapers, webinars, events, or e-books. Analyze the content that they provide for free to the public.

Determine how often they post this content and if their readers are gaining anything valuable from it. Is the company positioning themselves as a thought leader? You’ll know this is the case if the quality of the content is exceptional. That means no spelling mistakes, easy readability, engaging imagery, catchy headlines, and in-depth content that thoroughly explains concepts and provides industry expertise.

Differentiate between direct and indirect competitors. Direct, being those that offer similar services or products to the same target market as yours.

Although they are different, they might serve a similar purpose. An example of an indirect competitor for the gym GoodLife Fitness could be a company that sells dumbbells and home workout equipment.

While GoodLife is selling a service, the latter is selling a product, but both companies appeal to similar target audiences.

Identifying who your indirect competitors are provides a comprehensive overview of the industry landscape. Although, direct competitors, as the name suggests, provide a more direct threat to your brand, and therefore, should be at the forefront of your focus.

You will want to analyze their social media platforms and their social media strategy.

Identify what is working and what isn’t.

Take note of all the channels they use and how frequently they post. Is the content aesthetic for the purpose of promoting brand awareness? Or does their content drive their prospect to specific landing pages or blogs? Are they creating original content or curating other people’s content?

Sales Tactics

Engagement

Understanding your competitors’ sales tactics comes from learning about the channels they sell through, and promotions or discounts that they regularly host. If they are a publicly-owned company, you can find out their annual revenue through their annual report online.

Find out if their target audience is engaging with the content they post. Review the likes and comments on their social platforms to uncover how people are reacting to their content. View their Google Reviews and determine the reasons customers are staying or leaving.

Incorporate an additional field on your company’s lead generation form for prospects to write their previous provider.

This can help you figure out why they switched. If they share what they didn’t like about their old service, you can make sure your company doesn’t make the same mistakes.

Technology & Tools

Pricing If your prices are steeper than industry standards, your sales team needs to be able to persuasively articulate the value of your product or service, and why it’s worth paying said price.

Benefits If your competitors offer referral discounts, loyalty programs, or free trials, and it seems to be working, then you might want to look into something similar for your own brand to lure and retain customers.

Job listings typically mention the tools and technology expectations for candidates to be considered for the position. Viewing your competitors job listings can be a tactic to find out the technology that they use so that your brand can operate on the same playing field.

SWOT Analysis Finally, you will want to create a SWOT analysis, which is a technique to identify your competitors’ strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.

Opportunities can be the direction of consumer preferences, new softwares or CRMs to utilize. Ultimately, SWOTs allow you to discover where your brand needs improvement and where there may be gaps in the market. //

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MARKETING 101: GETTING BACK TO NATURE

by Robert Dundas

W

hen it comes to marketing, there are many theories that simply don’t apply to the real world. It’s not entirely clear how the concept of marketing became so complex, because it’s a simple and natural process.

Without marketing, none of us would be here. It’s part of evolution, socialization, business, and every other aspect of life. So how did nature perfect what is generally the most difficult aspect of business? Let’s explore the intrinsic way to launch your start-up so you can establish yourself, take over your community, and flourish.

Concept Finches may be the best analogy for establishing your concept. Charles Darwin, who helped develop the theory of evolution, noticed on the Galapagos Islands that finches evolved into several subspecies to survive. They learned how to specialize not only where they lived, but what specific resources to utilize and how to thrive on them. The same theory applies to start-up businesses.

You have a product or service you wish to develop into a business. Perhaps you have a passion or education in some particular field.

Maybe you have an improvement on how others are doing the same thing, or simply have a dream of being an entrepreneur. All you need to know is what you’re trying to accomplish. Be specific. Finches don’t move to an area intending to eat everything and live wherever they want. Begin with your idea and go from there.

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Location If you’re a new species (or business) trying to establish a niche, you’ll naturally begin by finding a suitable location. Are there resources? How much competition is after those resources? Is there room to grow? Are there predators? Is the area too large to manage, or too small to survive in?

Ensure that you establish your business in an appropriate area. Don’t be greedy, and don’t think too small. Do your research and know the lay of the land before you plant roots. Visit the Economic Development department of your town, city, region, province or state. Get the facts about the area you want to do business in. “Because I live here,” isn’t the soundest reason to open a business anywhere.

marketing & branding

Get at It

Socialize

Market, Don’t Sell

Baby sea turtles don’t make a game plan for how to cross the beach and reach the ocean, they just go. You must be prepared to adjust as you go, and if you’re sitting around thinking about it, you’re not going anywhere. Avoid weighing yourself down with intricate details and paperwork.

Traditional thinking advises start-ups to waste precious time on business plans, bank loans (which almost never happen), mission statements, and think-tanks.

Budding business people often fall into the trap of re-editing ideas and policies instead of getting to work. Regardless of how diligent your planning is, there will inevitably be mistakes and a myriad of setbacks you never considered, so plan lightly and market hard. Bull elephants squaring off at a depleting water hole don’t consult a lawyer first, they just go at it. If they fail, they regroup and go at it again and again until they get a drink. Persistence and passion usually win over planning.

There’s a reason rainforests and coral reefs support such plentiful and diverse life – nature feeds on nature. It needs abundance to function. Every creature must know and understand as much about the surrounding environment as possible to survive, and the same applies to business. You need to know as many people as you can, and understand the industries that support the community.

Seek out business directories, join the local Chamber of Commerce or Board of Trade. Find business and networking groups and attend trade shows and events. The goal is to become recognizable and known in your field. A business can’t survive unless people know who you are and what you do. Investigate groups such as Rotary Club International and the Lions Club. If you’re not good at social and networking events, work on that instead of your business plan.

The more people you know, the better.

Be gracious, persistent, and genuine.

Nothing is more irritating than the relentless commissioned sales representative or the budding entrepreneur with a one-track mind. We all know that person hungry for success who has read a marketing book or taken some course and constantly jams the ABC’s of selling down your throat.

These techniques generally strike fear and dismay in the hearts of potential clients.

This may come as a surprise, but your potential client may not be interested in your once-in-a-lifetime deal at this moment. Most of us feel uncomfortable being sold to, and people are just too savvy nowadays to fall for the big sales pitch. Meet people and listen to what they say. Make a mental note of their needs and give them solutions when you meet again. People want to associate and work with people they trust, who make them feel comfortable and get the job done.

Trust is earned, not sold.

Marketing and selling are NOT the same.

Marketing is the art of planting seeds and the pursuit of establishing yourself as the expert in your field. Selling is the act of persuading someone to buy something. Learn the difference between the two. Stop smacking people around with one-time offers and special pricing.

Nobody wants to be inundated with ads day after day on Twitter or Facebook.

They want to be educated, entertained and enlightened. They want solutions, not deals. Solve the need first, then offer a deal, never the other way around.

Marketing is the consistent application of memorable things that trigger people to think of you or your business, like a great logo, a clever tag line, or a catchy jingle. Get noticed for who you are, then back it up with performance.

Consider a peacock – the colourful bird doesn’t discuss its 50 per cent off sale or how cheaply or efficiently it can provide for its mate. It just gets out there and shows its feathers. When a mate notices is when it’s time to do business.

Marketing long pre-dates human beings.

Nature created it. It’s all around us and we can learn about it in its purest form if we pay attention. From the song of the humpback whale to the colour of a lilac to invisible pheromones in the air, the essence of marketing boils down to getting noticed and surviving. Get back to nature and watch your business prosper. //

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PATRICIA BEBIA MAWA The Journey from Nigerian TV to Canadian Media

by Justina Sanderson

P

atricia Bebia Mawa has carved a unique niche in the media landscape, transitioning from a successful TV career in Nigeria to becoming a pivotal figure in Canadian media. With a passion for storytelling, Patricia has made significant strides in a competitive industry.

As the executive vice president of Afroglobal TV and a cofounder of Silvertrust Media, she produces influential TV shows and publications that celebrate African heritage. Starting, she faced cultural adjustments to breaking into the Canadian media industry. Despite these obstacles, she launched the Planet Africa TV show and built a media empire that includes magazines, awards, and a 24-hour global channel.

Patricia shares her experiences, the hurdles she overcame, and the strategies she employed to succeed. She also discusses her vision for the future of media, and her ongoing projects to inspire and empower the next generation.

Photo courtesy of Patricia Bebia Mawa

Could you describe the inception and evolution of Silvertrust Media?

Silvertrust Media, founded in 1996 in Ottawa by my husband Moses A. Mawa, is a multifaceted company involved in publishing, broadcasting, web design, multimedia, photography, events, and special projects. We publish four magazines—Excellence, Destiny, Legacy, and Envision—distributed across Canada and internationally. Silvertrust Media also oversees Planet Africa, which includes a TV show on OMNI, a magazine, and an international awards program. In 2016, we launched Afroglobal Television, a 24-hour global super channel.

How has your journey been as an entrepreneur in Canada, especially as an immigrant?

Starting in Canada presented significant challenges, particularly with my accent and lack of Canadian experience. Despite initial rejections, my husband and I persevered, creating Planet Africa, a web portal, and later a TV show on OMNI.

Can you share the experience of launching Afroglobal Television?

We had a tight deadline of three months to launch or lose our cable carriage. Our prior experience producing programs for various networks helped us create 15 original programs quickly. Our dedicated

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team and community engagement facilitated the promotion and success of the channel. Our vision is to be a global super channel that informs, empowers, uplifts, and entertains Africa, the diaspora, and the world.

How significant is mentorship to you and your company?

Mentorship is vital. Since 2008, we've run the Crossover Mentorship Program, offering career, academic, leadership, and life coaching. Recently, we launched United Voices, a youth-focused initiative with toolkits to promote positive images of black youth. Supported by the Ontario Ministry of Community and Social Services, these efforts aim to empower and uplift the community.

Managing a diverse media company must be challenging. How do you handle it?

Effective planning and a strong team are essential. We ensure our team understands our vision and the social impact of our work. Each project complements the others, creating a cohesive strategy. The primary challenge lies in securing corporate support and funding, but our commitment and capacity remain unwavering.

What changes do you foresee in the media industry, both in Canada and globally?

The media industry is transforming rapidly, with digital media overtaking print and traditional TV. Companies now invest heavily in online platforms.

Embracing these changes is crucial for survival and growth. Progressive media companies leverage technology to stay relevant, which is our current focus.

Can you Elaborate on your community involvement?

Besides our mentorship program, my husband and I sponsor young people to attend events, often providing them marketing and branding with appropriate attire. We volunteer with various organizations and offer scholarships to support youth education.

What does receiving the Martin Luther King DreamKEEPERS Lifetime Achievement Award mean to you?

Receiving such awards is humbling and reinforces my commitment to our mission. The recognition comes with the responsibility to continue advocating for freedom, equality, and dignity. It's an honour that drives me to uphold the values and legacy of those who paved the way for our current opportunities. //

marketing & branding

KELLY J. LENDSAY Advancing Indigenous Communities

by Jackie Marson

A

s the President and CEO of Indigenous Works, Kelly J. Lendsay has emerged as a prominent social entrepreneur advancing Canada’s Indigenous inclusion and workplace engagement initiatives.

With a background in launching and operating life-saving ventures, his interest in social impact became evident as he culminated the launch of Luminary, to Indigenize curriculum, and grow business and research talent in 2020. As a result of his effective bridge-building strategies, he is now recognized as one of Canada’s brilliant innovators and organizational development experts within Indigenous strategies.

The Edge recently sat down with Lendsay to explore his transition into the social enterprise realm, the core qualities essential for advocating for social impact, the challenges he has encountered, and his invaluable leadership guidance for others navigating this space.

Photo courtesy of Kelly J. Lendsay

What inspired your transition from previous entrepreneurial endeavours to launching a social enterprise?

In my early work, I was very influenced by lifesaving and lifeguarding. I was on the Royal Lifesaving Society Board of Directors and eventually started a lifeguard training company.

Then there was Rescue 3, a swift water rescue company. It was about helping people going through disasters, floods, and water rescue scenarios. That was the link to social enterprise.

Going into the MBA program in 1990, [the Oka Crisis] had broken out in Montreal, and that really bothered me. That’s when I first started engaging in Indigenous issues.

We started the first Aboriginal Business Education Program at the University of Saskatchewan in 1994-95. Today, it’s known as the Edwards Business School.

Then, the Royal Commission report came out in 1996, and [Indigenous Works] was one of those recommendations. They were headhunting for a national president and CEO. That’s when I stepped onto the national stage. Since then, I have engaged in Social Services.

Financial metrics serve as primary indicators of success. How do you measure success within a social enterprise?

There is a monetary factor that definitely has to be captured, but there is a fellow— James C. Collins—who wrote a great book titled “Good to Great”, and he talked about three key principles of effective social enterprises: What are you passionate about? What can you be the best in the world at? And what’s going to drive your economic engine? I think one of the key measures in social enterprises is this area of impact.

There are a number of performance indicators and measures around social impact indicators. For us, we looked at jobs. We wanted to increase employment of Indigenous people.

You also have to increase the education and knowledge of businesses if they’re going to develop effective workplaces.

Thirdly, you have to create strategies and models that will help benchmark an employer’s knowledge and strategy.

It's this comprehensive approach that measures the meaningful impact of a social enterprise.

What traits are pivotal for gaining recognition within the realm of social influence?

You have to be passionate about what you do. If you have passion, people know it instantly. A second one is expertise. You need to have knowledge in order to be able to speak to issues. And I think the third, as a leader in this space, you need to be a bridge builder.

What are some of the obstacles you’ve had to face as a changemaker in this space?

The challenge that we face in Canada with the Indigenous issue is still a huge attitudinal gap. There is this friction and challenge that we need to address between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people, [which is] similar to the African American movement in the US, and the friction there that needs to be addressed.

I think the thing about a social enterprise is you’re operating a business. You’re generally a non-profit registered corporation. You have to do the same audits and financial performance measures. Creating revenue streams is challenging. People have to become more creative, even more business-like.

I’d say that’s an ongoing obstacle. //

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