The Edge, A Leader's Magazine | Peter Williams

Creativity, Arts & Culture

Harnessing Cultural Intelligence in Leadership in an Era of Globalization

Fostering Creativity Drives Innovation Via Cross-Cultural Collaboration

Cultivating

Essential Habits for Highly Creative Individuals

Exploring the Intersection of Creative Arts and Technology

SHAPING ECONOMIC OUTCOMES INFLUENCED BY CULTURAL FACTORS

CAPTIVATING AUDIENCES

How the Jamaican-Canadian Actor PETER WILLIAMS Redefines Artistry and His Memorable Impact on Sci-Fi Fandom

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OVERVIEW WINTER 2023

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FROM THE EDITOR 20 Ways to Cultivate Unity Through Cultural Exploration

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COVER STORY Peter Williams: Captivating Audiences

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Navigating the Global Landscape: Harnessing Cultural Intelligence in Leadership Embracing Creativity in Times of Change Interview: Denise Bebenek Interview: Dr. Akolisa Ufodike START-UP Bootstrapping vs. Venture Capital Why You Shouldn’t Trade Your Arts & Culture Start-up for Tech Dynamics of Starting an Arts & Culture Business

S TA R T- UP

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LEADERSHIP

ECONOMICS Transforming Supply Chain Strategies for a New Era How Cultural Factors Shape Economic Outcomes Interview: Ronnie Hew Interview: Reema Rafay Infographic: How Digital Innovation is Driving the 21st Century Creative Space

OVERVIEW TECH & INNOVATION How Creativity Drives Innovation through Cross-Cultural Collaboration The Intersection of Art and Technology

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Why the Human Touch (as Opposed to AI) Matters in Creative Industries

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BUSINESS The Rise of Remote Work Six Habits of Highly Creative People Interview: Kym Rempel Interview: Steward Edzie ARTS & CULTURE Tour Toronto’s Vibrant Street Art Scene

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WINNERS' CIRCLE

Interview: Althea Clarke

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POLICIES The Benefits of Integrating the Arts into Curricula Navigating Challenges in the Creative and Cultural Industries Intellectual Property Rights––How the Rights of Creatives Are Protected Interview: Hon. Jean Augustine

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Winter 2023 F OUNDER & E DITOR - IN -C HIEF | J ENNIFER M. W ILLIAMS P RESIDENT C URTIS E LLIS

P UBLISHER J ORGE M ARSHALL

S TAFF W RITERS C HINENYE E MEZIE | D AVID M ESSIHA | L AUREN S CHWARTZ S HIRLEY G RAHAM | R EBEKKA N EMBHARD | M AUREEN S IMPSON | G LADYS C HRISTIAN

C ONTRIBUTING W RITERS D AVE G ORDON | K ENNY H EDGES | S HERIKA P OWELL | J ACKIE M ARSON N ICK D AUK | S TEPHANIE H AWKINS | S EAN P LUMMER | J OSHUA C OOPER | R OBYN K ARMAZYN | H ELEN J ACOB P ETER C AMPBELL | M ARCUS M EDFORD | S USAN G EBREZGIE | S HWETA G ANDHI | L LOYD P ENNEY O RVILLE G REEN | L UKE M ILES | J OSEPHINE M WANVUA | C LAIRE S AMPSON C REATIVE D IRECTOR A RMIS N. G OODARZI C REATIVE D ESIGNER U LAMA S AIF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

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from the editor

20 Ways to Cultivate Unity Through Cultural Exploration During a pivotal course at University, my professor highlighted the influence of Canada's social, economic, and political landscapes, underscored by the diverse tapestry of cultural backgrounds that shape our expressions and actions. This revelation ignited a genuine desire to delve into the intricate heritage and identities — both personal and collective.

The amalgamation of cultures within Canada presents a distinctive path to unravel the threads moulding our beliefs, traditions, and interactions. Embracing the narratives of others contributes to a society thriving on shared humanity, unity, and empathy. Amid a world often fixated on differences, embracing cultural diversity becomes an enlightening, transformative endeavour.

As a descendant of Jamaican ancestry, my fascination with the Patois dialect evolved into an educational project that is a central aspect of my cultural identity. A striking feature of this cultural identity is the use of language and phrases that carry meanings beyond their literal interpretation. Such linguistic expressions, deeply embedded in everyday conversations, serve as both a reflection of the cultural landscape and a means of fostering connections within the community.

Greetings like "Weh yua seh?" Wah Gwaan, or the exuberant "Yeh, man!" often carries connotations beyond words. This use of language, rich in nuances, adds layers of depth to interactions, enabling locals to convey emotions, enthusiasm, and shared experiences.

It's a legacy marked by struggle and triumph; embracing and preserving these language traits becomes essential to keeping the cultural flame alive. Just as art, music, the Rastafarian Movement, and cuisine are emblematic of Jamaican values, the distinctive language and phrases contribute to our heritage through generations.

But there are myriad ways for us to embrace all cultures, creativity, and the art world, such as:

Language as a Cultural Bridge Acquire phrases or basic greetings from various tongues to

Cultural Assimilation vs. Preservation Grasp the challenges of upholding identity in novel environments.

Respecting heritage preservation's dedication enhances appreciation for individual struggles and choices.

nurture connections and honour various customs. Ponder the significance of safeguarding endangered languages and encapsulating unique worldviews.

Advantages of Multiculturalism Delve into the complex nature of multiculturalism, unearthing its societal merits — enriching workforces, sparking innovation, and broadening perspectives. Nonetheless, it also recognizes the potential pitfalls, such as cultural misinterpretations and the call for cultural sensitivity.

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"Creativity bridges gaps and fosters crosscultural understanding through art, music, and innovation."

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Impact of Globalization Dissect globalization's role in hastening cultural exchange while challenging and preserving distinct cultural identities.

Debate the dual nature of globalization that interconnects while homogenizing cultures.

Generational Transformations Probe the evolution of cultural traditions across generations.

Often, younger groups encounter tension between ancestral

from the editor

norms and their birthplaces. Explore the role of these shifts in shaping our ever-evolving cultural terrain.

Overcome Biases and Stereotypes Confront biases and stereotypes obstructing the embrace of different heritages. Reflect on strategies to change misconceptions — education, exposure, and interpersonal engagement.

Cultural Exchange Encounters Engage in traditional dance, language lessons, or culinary workshops to understand other customs. Gain insights into many traditions and viewpoints through exchange programs, workshops, and events.

Acclaim Festivals Assist in the festivities of various cultural celebrations in your community, understanding each event's significance.

This engagement nurtures empathy and respect for distinct cultural practices.

Artistic Expression Embark on epic journeys through various art forms, music genres, literature, and films. These creative outlets offer valuable insights into varied communities' emotions, beliefs, and experiences.

Forge Connections Through Cuisine Experiment with menus from other origins to provide a tangible taste of diversity while unearthing histories and stories intertwined with each culinary creation.

Community Engagement through Volunteering Contribute to community projects advocating cultural exchange advances enrichment. Collaborating with individuals from varied backgrounds nurtures mutual respect and alliance.

Conversational Engagements Initiate dialogues with individuals from other cultural backgrounds through formal discussions, book clubs, or casual interactions. Open conversations break down stereotypes and build bridges.

Purposeful Travel Tour culturally distinct destinations. Immerse yourself in unfamiliar surroundings, dismantling preconceptions and gaining first-hand experiences of different lifestyles.

Narrative Documentation Establish platforms to share stories of individuals from various backgrounds. These narratives illuminate the unique triumphs and challenges shaping varied identities.

Cultural Heritage and Mental Well-being Probe the link between cultural heritage and mental wellness.

Research indicates that a firm connection to cultural roots promotes belonging and support, nurturing positive mental health outcomes.

Literary Insight into Culture Get involved in literature from other origins — classics and contemporary works alike. Literature provides a window into societal consciousness, delivering invaluable insights into values, struggles, and aspirations.

Culture in the Digital Era Explore the digital era's impact on preserving and sharing cultural heritage. Study virtual museums, online cultural exchange platforms, and social media's role in cross-cultural comprehension.

Empower Creativity through Culture Culture and creativity entwine as vibrant threads in human expression. Culture shapes the creative process, while creativity breathes life into cultural traditions. Creativity bridges gaps and fosters cross-cultural understanding through art, music, literature, and innovation — safeguarding diverse heritage's continuous enrichment.

Final Reflection As my journey through cultural heritage endures, it reminds me that this exploration surpasses mere tolerance and academia — it signifies personal and societal transformation. I hope each step, story, and connection contributes to understanding a mosaic that extends beyond borders and disparities.

As always, we appreciate your continued readership and the opportunity to serve.

Jennifer M Williams jennifer@theedgeleaders.com

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Creativity, Arts & Culture

Fostering Creativity Drives Innovation Via Cross-Cultural Collaboration

Cultivating

Advocate for Cultural Education Collaborate with educational institutions, libraries, and community hubs to organize seminars promoting the embrace of cultural heritage.

Cultural Appropriation vs. Appreciation Participate in discussions on the difference between cultural appropriation and appreciation. Illuminate scenarios where appreciation morphs into appropriation and offer strategies for respectful engagement.

Essential Habits for Highly Creative Individuals

SHAPING ECONOMIC OUTCOMES INFLUENCED BY CULTURAL FACTORS

TITANS OF SUCCESS

DENNIS MITCHELL, CEO & CFO OF STARLIGHT CAPITAL Exploring BIRGIR JÓNSSON, CEO OF PLAY AIRLINES the Intersection of Channelling Their Vision to Drive Change and Creative Arts Spur Economic Growth and Technology

Fall 2023

CAPTIVATING AUDIENCES

How the Jamaican-Canadian Actor PETER WILLIAMS Redefines Artistry and His Memorable Impact on Sci-Fi Fandom

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Snapshot behind the scenes in the Caribbean Photos courtesy of Charles Zuckermann

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cover story

PETER WILLIAMS Captivating Audiences

by Jennifer M. Williams

Peter Williams, a Jamaican-Canadian actor known for his exceptional talent, is synonymous with artistry and charisma in entertainment. Williams has made an indelible mark on film and television throughout his decades-long career, captivating audiences worldwide.

Fueled by a passion for the performing arts, Williams began his acting journey with willpower, propelling him toward enduring success. His fusion of Canadian and Jamaican heritage contributes a rich tapestry of experiences and perspectives to his craft, making him a quintessential representation of the entertainment industry's diverse and global nature.

Williams has embraced many roles throughout his career, each testament to his range and depth as an actor. Whether portraying the enigmatic Apophis in the science fiction series Stargate SG-1 or Sniper in The Chronicles of Riddick, his ability to embody complex characters consistently leaves audiences in awe.

Beyond his filmography, Williams inspires aspiring actors, particularly those from underrepresented backgrounds — his journey illuminates perseverance and talent in an industry that often demands stamina and resilience.

In this exclusive interview, we delve into the life and experiences of Peter Williams, exploring the highlights of his career, his impact on fandom, and his advocacy for social and cultural issues, uncovering surprising anecdotes that will leave you eager to learn more.

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Could you share some insights into your background and the specific experiences or influences that sparked your passion for pursuing a career in acting?

How do you maintain authenticity in your performances, especially when portraying characters with intricate backgrounds and motivations?

I hail from Jamaica, where I received my early education before venturing to England for further studies. I earned a BA in Geography and Archaeology, which is far from acting. After completing my studies, my family relocated to Canada.

Since arriving in 1981, I've lived in various Canadian cities, including Ottawa, Toronto, and Vancouver, and am now back in Ontario. My enthusiasm for the craft took root following my university years when I unearthed and cultivated a love for stage and screen.

Sustaining authenticity in performances is a delicate yet indispensable aspect of acting, particularly when embodying characters with multifaceted backgrounds and motivations.

It hinges on what I refer to as the three "R's": research, rehearsal, and relaxation. These three elements harmonize to create a performance that respects the character's complexity and resonates with audiences by delivering genuine and compelling portrayals.

Among the array of roles and projects you've undertaken, can you share one that has left a lasting impression on you personally and professionally? What sets it apart as a memorable experience?

Selecting a single role from my diverse portfolio is quite challenging, but one that holds a special place in my heart is "Soul Survivor." My brother, Stephen, was the creative force behind this project, rendering it a profoundly personal journey. In 1995, we both garnered Genie nominations for our contributions to this film, which made it an unforgettable experience.

Another remarkable project was "Neon Rider," a long-standing CTV series where I had the privilege to speak with my natural accent throughout its five-season run. Additionally, "Stargate SG-1" stands out as a career milestone. This internationally acclaimed sci-fi series afforded me a global viewership due in part to its dedicated fanbase.

How do you prepare for a new acting role, particularly demanding characters like Apophis in "Stargate SG-1" and Sniper in "The Chronicles of Riddick"?

Preparation for roles such as Apophis in "Stargate SG-1" necessitated distinct approaches. For Apophis, it entailed a substantial physical transformation. I transitioned from sporting dreadlocks, which I had grown over five years while working on "Neon Rider," to being bald to accommodate the prosthetics required for "Stargate."

On the other hand, "The Chronicles of Riddick" required rigorous gym workouts to match Vin Diesel's character's physicality. Interestingly, my character in this film had quite a fascinating story behind the name Sniper.

During the movie's production, I was in a scene centred around a prison break led by Riddick (Vin Diesel). To create real characters, the Director, David Twohy, encouraged the cast to create character names and backstories for our incarcerated personas. Drawing inspiration from the news at the time, which focused on the Washington, DC, sniper shootings, I chose the name "Sniper," a young Jamaican who remains incarcerated for those crimes.

Research is the cornerstone for understanding a character's history, motivations, and context. It entails delving deeply into the character's backgrounds, exploring their past experiences, and knowing the world they inhabit.

Rehearsal is pivotal in translating research into a tangible performance. It involves internalizing the character's traits, behaviours, and mannerisms, authentically bringing the character to life on screen or stage.

Relaxation ensures authenticity. When an actor is relaxed, they can fully inhabit the character without self-consciousness or inhibition. It's about being in the moment and allowing the character's emotions to flow naturally.

Who are some actors or directors who have significantly influenced your approach to acting?

Numerous actors and directors have significantly influenced my approach to acting. Sidney Poitier, a trailblazer who shattered industry barriers, has been a profound influence.

Denzel Washington's exceptional craftsmanship as an actor has been a continuous source of inspiration. In recent years, I've admired the work of talents like LaKeith Stanfield and Mahershala Ali. Additionally, as a Jamaican actor, I must acknowledge the influence of Perry Henzell, the director of "The Harder They Come."

As a Jamaican-Canadian actor, have there been distinctive challenges or opportunities related to your cultural heritage in your career that you'd like to share?

Navigating a career as a Jamaican-Canadian actor has presented challenges and opportunities linked to my cultural heritage. While the industry has made strides toward diversity and inclusivity, it's crucial to recognize how one's cultural background can impact one's journey in acting.

One notable challenge I've encountered is the industry's inclination to default to American accents and mannerisms.

This tendency stems from the pervasive influence of American media worldwide. Consequently, actors with unique cultural backgrounds, such as myself, may encounter a form of "exoticism." Producers and directors may perceive nonAmerican actors as exotic or foreign, potentially resulting in typecasting or limited opportunities.

Yet, there's a flip side to this challenge. Embracing my cultural heritage has opened doors to distinctive and compelling

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roles. Canadian cinema, in particular, is beginning to produce narratives that reflect the rich tapestry of its multicultural society, offering actors like me the chance to explore characters with authenticity.

You're significantly involved in Caribbean cinema, from "A Winter Tale" to "HERO." How have your experiences in Caribbean filmmaking influenced your approach to acting?

Tell us about your experience working on "Stargate SG-1" and how your character, Apophis, impacted the show and your career.

I'm grateful to operate in the arena of Caribbean Film from Canada, strengthening the ties between the two countries I claim as mine. As the industry changes, I increasingly seek this opportunity.

Portraying Apophis, a formidable antagonist, allowed me to embrace the "bad guy" role. One of the fascinating aspects of playing a character like Apophis is the mythology behind this multi-layered nemesis. Apophis was not a one-dimensional villain; he had depth, motivations, and a rich backstory.

Apophis became an iconic character within the "Stargate" universe, known for his commanding presence and intricate storyline. The show's dedicated fanbase appreciated the qualities I brought to the character, contributing to the series' success. The role of Apophis expanded my visibility in the industry and introduced me to a broader audience, impacting my career trajectory.

"Stargate SG-1" has a dedicated fan base. Could you share your experiences interacting with show fans and how you believe this contributed to the series' enduring popularity?

Engaging with the devoted "Stargate SG-1" fanbase is a remarkable experience. Their passion and enthusiasm for the series have inspired and motivated me. Witnessing the depth of fans' connection to the show is incredible. Whether at conventions, fan events, or online interactions, connecting with fans allows us to understand first-hand the series' impact on their lives. The "Stargate" franchise continues to find new audiences. The science-fiction community is renowned for its unwavering loyalty, and "Stargate SG-1" benefits immensely from a passionate following. The intricate Stargate universe and ongoing engagement with fans help to keep the series alive through spin-off series, fan-fiction and cosplay, solidifying its place in the sci-fi pantheon.

"HERO" earned critical acclamation and even won an African Academy Award in Nigeria in 2019. Could you share your thoughts about this recognition?

"HERO" has a docu-drama feel, with a large part of the story set in Africa. It was gratifying to win Best Diaspora Feature.

I'm happy to be part of this important film and talented cast, which features the super-talented Nickolai Salcedo from Trinidad and British-based gentleman actor Joseph Marcell (Fresh Prince Of Belair), among others.

Can you elaborate on your role as part of the selection committee for Toronto's Caribbean Tales Film Festival and its significance in promoting Caribbean cinema and culture?

In the first part of each year, we meet online weekly. We're a panel of industry folks from Trinidad, Barbados, Jamaica, and Toronto who view all entries. We continue to grow, and it's great to be heading into our 18th year.

In "The Chronicles of Riddick," you portrayed the character Sniper. What drew you to this role, and what challenges did it present for you?

My portrayal of Sniper in "The Chronicles of Riddick" was a unique opportunity that I was excited to embrace. What drew me to this role was the chance to be a part of a vast, larger-than-life science fiction universe. While not one of the central figures, the character Sniper had an intriguing presence in the story. It was a role that allowed me to experience the nuances of a supporting character within a complex narrative.

The aim was to balance Sniper's distinctive characteristics and the film's overall tone. The expanded Director's Cut DVD mentioned Sniper's name, adding to the character's presence within the context of an action-packed sci-fi epic.

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How do you perceive the evolution of the film and television industry throughout your career, and how has it affected your work as an actor?

How do you sustain your creative inspiration and motivation throughout your career? What challenges have you encountered in the industry?

Throughout my career, the film and television industry's evolution brought opportunities and challenges. I've witnessed significant shifts in the types of content produced and consumed by audiences. One noticeable change is the prevalence of sequels, remakes, and unregulated web-based content.

That is an ongoing journey. The intrinsic drive comes from the sheer joy of acting. There's a thrill in breathing life into a character and immersing oneself in storytelling.

The emergence of independent and "indie" films has breathed new life into the industry. These projects often tackle unconventional and thought-provoking themes, allowing actors like me to explore diverse characters and narratives.

It's within the world of "indies" that I've discovered some of the most fulfilling and creatively stimulating work.

As an actor, it's crucial to remain adaptable and relevant in an ever-shifting landscape, prepared to take on roles that may not fit traditional moulds and connect with audiences in innovative ways.

Considering the demanding nature of filming, what strategies have you employed to balance your professional commitments and personal life?

Balancing professional commitments and personal life can be challenging, particularly in the entertainment industry, which often demands long hours and extended periods away from home. I maintain a small, tight-knit support system of family and close friends.

I live in a somewhat rural environment, which provides a peaceful contrast to the bustling energy of the industry, but I visit the city to maintain professional connections and engagement. I have a deep passion for collecting and cataloging music, particularly Jamaican music. This hobby is a source of relaxation and personal fulfillment.

Could you provide insights into the audition process and how you approach auditions for different roles?

Self-taped auditions have become increasingly prevalent in today's digital age. Once an audition is completed and submitted, it's essential to be able to let go. Overthinking or dwelling on an audition can be counterproductive. Instead, I focus on giving my best performance at the moment and then moving onward with life.

Auditions for different roles require specific adaptability.

It's best to avoid pre-judging any role and remain open to exploring diverse characters. Each audition is an opportunity to embrace a new persona and tell a different story, whether in a heroic or villainous role.

Ultimately, the character belongs to the story. My role is to bring my unique interpretation of the performance in service to the story as a whole.

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Undoubtedly, the industry presents its share of challenges.

Another significant hurdle is the prevalence of stereotypical roles, often labelled as "FBI guy" or "Cop #1." These roles can feel formulaic and lack the depth many actors yearn for. Unimaginative genre pieces, constrained by well-worn character archetypes, can be disheartening.

Still, the industry's challenges only underscore the importance of pushing boundaries and seeking roles that challenge me as an actor.

What is storytelling's role in today's society, and how does it influence your acting work?

Storytelling is a conduit for nurturing empathy and understanding. It allows us to put ourselves in others' shoes, explore imagination and experience, and gain insights into the intricate facets of the human condition.

Among more recent projects, "A Winter Tale" and "HERO" underscore the significance of storytelling in addressing diverse and relevant themes. As an actor, it is a privilege to be part of projects that push boundaries beyond societal dictates while entertaining and engaging audiences simultaneously.

What guidance or wisdom would you impart to aspiring actors eager to make their mark in the entertainment industry, particularly those from diverse backgrounds?

The entertainment landscape is ever-evolving, and sometimes, the fresh perspectives of emerging talents offer cutting-edge insights that veterans can learn from. However, there's no substitute for experience. Therefore, I advise aspiring actors, especially those from diverse backgrounds, to similarly cultivate diverse interests and develop empathy for individuals with different life experiences. It will not only foster humility but also stability. When you possess these qualities, the demands of getting and playing a role are less likely to distort your distinct personality.

Do you have any quotes or anecdotes you'd like to share with your fans and the audience?

😉

Lemme think 'bout dat ....

//

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leadership

NAVIGATING THE GLOBAL LANDSCAPE: HARNESSING CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE IN LEADERSHIP

by Maureen Simpson

E

ffective leadership extends beyond strategy and vision, and leaders now face the complex challenge of navigating a global landscape characterized by a rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and perspectives. To thrive in this environment, leaders must possess a unique skill set beyond traditional leadership qualities. This skill set is Cultural Intelligence (CQ), which has emerged as a critical factor in achieving success in leadership roles across industries.

Understanding Cultural Intelligence Cultural Intelligence, often called CQ, is the ability to interact and work effectively with people from diverse cultural backgrounds. It encompasses a deep understanding of cultural norms, values, communication styles, and practices, enabling leaders to bridge cultural gaps and foster meaningful relationships in a multicultural environment. Unlike IQ or EQ (Emotional Intelligence), CQ can be developed and improved through education, training, and experience.

The Importance of Cultural Intelligence in Leadership Globalization and Diverse Workforces: In an era of globalization, organizations are increasingly operating globally and drawing talent from around the world. Leaders must prepare to manage diverse teams effectively. Cultural Intelligence allows leaders to harness the strengths of multicultural teams, fostering innovation and creativity by bringing together different perspectives.

Building Trust and Relationships: Trust is the foundation of any successful organization. Leaders with high CQ can quickly build trust with employees, clients, and partners from diverse cultural backgrounds. They are better equipped to communicate respectfully and authentically, which fosters more substantial relationships.

Enhancing Decision-Making: Cultural Intelligence offers leaders a broader perspective for making informed decisions that resonate with diverse stakeholders, thanks to understanding the cultural context in which they make decisions.

Resolving Conflicts is inevitable in any organization, but cultural differences can exacerbate misunderstandings.

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Leaders with high CQ have the skills to mediate and resolve conflicts in a culturally sensitive manner, maintaining harmony within the team.

Developing Cultural Intelligence Cultural Intelligence is not an innate trait, but a skill that can be cultivated and refined. Here are some strategies for leaders looking to enhance their Cultural Intelligence (CQ).

Self-Awareness: Reflect on your own cultural biases and assumptions. Understanding your cultural perspective is the first step in developing CQ. Education and Training: Invest in cross-cultural training programs and workshops to better understand different cultures and communication styles.

Seek Diverse Experiences: Embrace opportunities to work with individuals from diverse backgrounds within your organization or through international projects.

Active Listening: Practice active listening to understand the perspectives and needs of others truly.

Adaptability: Be flexible and open to adapting your leadership style to accommodate different cultural preferences.

Case Studies in Cultural Intelligence Let’s examine how Cultural Intelligence has played a pivotal role in the success of some prominent companies. First, let’s look at IBM.

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IBM IBM has a long history of global operations, attributing its success to its commitment to diversity and inclusion. IBM’s leaders emphasize Cultural Intelligence to promote collaboration among their diverse workforce, enabling the company to stay at the forefront of technological innovation.

Unilever A multinational consumer goods company, Unilever strongly focuses on sustainability and corporate social responsibility. Unilever’s leaders use their Cultural Intelligence to engage with communities worldwide, tailoring their initiatives to meet each region’s specific needs and cultural norms.

Google Google, a tech giant renowned for its global reach, highlights the importance of Cultural Intelligence in its leadership philosophy. Google’s leaders understand that innovation thrives in diverse environments. They harness employees’ talents from various cultural backgrounds by fostering a culture of inclusivity and cross-cultural collaboration. This approach has enabled Google to develop products and services that resonate with a global audience, solidifying its position as a tech industry leader.

Procter & Gamble (P&G) P&G, a consumer goods conglomerate, operates in over 180 countries, each with unique cultural nuances. P&G’s leadership recognizes the critical role of Cultural Intelligence in understanding consumer preferences and tailoring marketing strategies. In part, P&G’s global success can be attributed to leaders who possess high CQ, enabling the company to adapt its products and marketing campaigns with diverse customer bases worldwide.

Marriott International Marriott International, a global hospitality company, operates in countless culturally diverse locations worldwide. Marriott’s leadership understands that to provide exceptional guest experiences, they must have leaders who are culturally sensitive and adaptable. The company invests in Cultural Intelligence training for its management teams to cater to guests’ unique needs and preferences from various backgrounds. This commitment to Cultural Intelligence has helped Marriott maintain its reputation for exceptional customer service and expand its global footprint.

Microsoft Microsoft, one of the world’s leading technology companies, has a global presence and a diverse workforce. The company’s leadership, under the guidance of CEO Satya Nadella, stresses the value of Cultural Intelligence. Nadella is known for his commitment to cultural inclusivity and diverse perspectives for innovation. Microsoft’s leaders actively promote inclusivity in their teams, resulting in groundbreaking technological advancements.

Bottom Line Cultural Intelligence is not a mere add-on, but a fundamental skill that can elevate leadership. Leaders must navigate cultural complexities effectively, bridge cultural gaps, build stronger relationships, and drive success in an increasingly globalized business landscape. As organizations expand their horizons, Cultural Intelligence will remain a cornerstone of effective leadership. //

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EMBRACING CREATIVITY IN TIMES OF CHANGE

by Sean Plummer

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t’s become a cliché to say that change is the only thing constant in the world of modern business, but that does not mean it isn’t true. Being able to respond not just profitably but meaningfully to a marketplace that is always evolving is a challenge thanks to many factors. These include technologies that are constantly progressing and unpredictable global events.

Businesses looking for a compass with which to navigate these unpredictable waters would be well advised to welcome top-down creativity. What does that mean? We’re not talking about superficial nods to imagination, like hiring graphic artists to create slick marketing materials, or SEO experts to keep your brand on top of Google search results. Truly embracing creativity means challenging your established business practices and policies to foster innovation. The result of doing this is an organization that is adaptable, resilient, and on the path to growth — the latter not just in terms of profit, but being able to stay ahead of its competitors.

As noted, that creativity has to originate from the top of an organization. If business leaders and management foster open communication with their teams and the willingness to experiment, then innovation and imagination can flourish.

Change — from new approaches to product iteration, to how HR deals with staff, should be seen as an opportunity for growth instead of a threat to established practices. Challenges then become springboards for creativity, with demonstrable results like increased employee engagement and retention.

That’s all easier said than done, of course. But there are concrete policies you can put into action to give your employees room to play in order to generate profit. Google famously created “20 per cent time,” wherein its employees were encouraged to spend 20 per cent of their workday engaged in creative projects that would benefit Google.

That might seem like a big risk, but Google credits the creation of valuable properties like Google News and Google AdSense to that investment. Valuing and rewarding innovative thinking can not only expand your bottom line, but give your employees intellectual challenges that inspire their creativity ongoing.

That kind of break from conformity in terms of following established business processes is an effective way to stave off creative stagnation. That can mean embracing unique strategies like reimagining your business model, exploring new technologies, or trying out new markets you had either not considered or written off.

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One controversial example is Uber’s “disruption” of the taxi industry, which was largely driven (pardon the pun) by ignoring how the transportation market had functioned up to the point that they entered it.

For those businesses worried that throwing off established practices to encourage creativity also means throwing away sensible fiscal constraints, the opposite approach appears to be more useful.

Putting certain constraints on employee creativity — like limiting inputs (such as time or money), enforcing specific procedures (such as rules for brainstorming), or enforcing specific product requirements (such as a product team having to use certain materials) — can foster innovation.

Not putting any limits on the creative process, or simply following intuition has been shown to actually encourage complacency and exclude better ideas.

Equally affordable when it comes to stoking creativity in your business is developing diverse teams in terms of their ethnicity, age, and gender. Employees with a variety of skill sets, perspectives, experiences, and backgrounds can, together, generate ideas that, say, an all-male team or one composed of a single generation could not.

This creative collaboration is a great generator of both trust and empathy, strengthening bonds between team members who might not at first glance appear to be natural colleagues.

Perhaps the most valuable approach to fostering creativity in an organization — because it does require an investment of both time and money — is to allow for and even encourage failure. That may seem counterintuitive, but allowing your teams to try new processes and paths, with no guarantee of a payoff, is actually a key means of accelerating innovation.

The fear of failure — and the fear of punishment for failure — is a sure way to inhibit exploration of new ideas. After all, the sooner you explore those blind alleys, the sooner real (and really profitable) solutions to your particular business’s challenges can be found and put into play.

Of course, embracing creativity in these times of change is not exactly optional. For modern businesses, it has become a strategic imperative. Valuing innovative thinking, encouraging collaboration and diversity within your teams, and giving them the room to not always succeed creates opportunities that will let your company grow not only its profits but its internal strengths.

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Change imposed from the outside by evolving market conditions must be met by a willingness to change, adapt, and grow from within your organization. That may sound a little scary, but having a vision for your company’s future always takes a bit of bravery. //

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DENISE BEBENEK Inspiring a Chain of Hope

When Bebenek’s youngest child was diagnosed with an inoperable malignant brain tumour and died six months later, her world shattered.

Coping with the heartache in silence wasn’t something she wanted to do.

Bebenek knew that no family should have to walk such a path alone. She founded Meagan’s Walk, also known as Meagan’s HUG, which is one of the hallmarks of the Meagan Bebenek Foundation. The foundation’s mission is to share a message of hope and increase awareness on brain tumours and raise funds for paediatric research on brain tumours. Bebenek shared valuable insight on her charitable cause and offered advice on coping with the loss of a child.

by David Messiha Can you tell us about the Meagan Bebenek Foundation?

The Meagan Bebenek Foundation is named in memory of my daughter, Meagan, who died in 2001 from an inoperable and malignant brain tumour.

MBF is a registered charity in Canada supporting families affected by paediatric brain tumours.

Our mission is to harness the power of community to raise awareness and funds for paediatric brain tumour research to provide hope and improve outcomes for affected children and their families.

Before Meagan got sick, my family had no idea that brain tumours are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children and young people up to age 20.

What is Meagan’s HUG? The day that Meagan died, when I left the hospital, I had a vision of a hug around the hospital. People from every walk of life, all ages, coming together, holding hands, joining me, and forming a big circle around the hospital. It was a vision that stuck with me, and I knew I had to act. I had to do something to change what would happen to other children and parents who faced a brain tumour diagnosis. Based on our experience, we knew that no family should have to walk such a path alone.

My vision sounded a bit “out there”– but I continued with my idea of having this “hug” become a reality. We completed the first hug in May 2002, and we raised funds for research into paediatric brain tumours. The hug became our “signature” event – it was known for being different,

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Photo courtesy of Denise Bebenek

a remarkable gesture of support, for welcoming everyone into its circle. And it happened every year on Mother’s Day weekend. Throughout the years, we have stayed focused on our mission and raised more than $6 million for paediatric brain tumour research.

Losing a child isn’t easy. What message would you give parents in the same predicament?

It is a loss that is “out of order,” meaning parents are supposed to pre-decease their children, not the other way around.

Our experience might be like that of other families. We were shocked by the diagnosis and did not have experience with children and brain tumours, nor did our friends or acquaintances.

We were thrown into a new world that was frightening and overwhelming.

I encourage parents to ask for help and accept support, even from those they don’t know well. It’s important to find others who have been down the same path. I felt so alone, but I wanted to be with others. The Meagan Bebenek Foundation became a community.

Year after year, families and friends gather, some of whom have participated since the first year. This has become their community of support. Meagan lived a short life, but she has remained a vital presence over the years. Her spirited nature guides me every day.

What further research and financial aid is needed to support children with cancer?

We know that there are at least 120 types of brain tumours currently identified, and the sheer number of brain tumours makes the research complex. There is always work to be done. Currently, there are collaborative clinical trials with SickKids and Sunnybrook to which we provided seed funding – to improve treatments for children who are diagnosed with the same tumour Meagan had.

MBF also funds a Neuro-oncology Fellowship. This is now in its tenth year, with the most recent fellow arriving from Australia in July. Through this research program, successful applicants come to Toronto for a one-year term, collaborating with the researchers and clinicians at SickKids.

What goals does the Meagan Bebenek Foundation have in the pipeline?

We are proud of the community we have built in Toronto, but know that there are thousands of families across the country that could benefit from being part of a supportive community and part of a HUG. Our goal is to expand our signature HUG event across the country and eventually the world. It has always been a global vision, and I am excited that we are actively planning to take the HUG to other communities and cities. //

leadership

DR. AKOLISA UFODIKE An Exemplary Leader The current Deputy Minister of Immigration and Multiculturalism, Alberta, Dr. Akolisa Ufodike is passionate about black leadership, diversity, and socio-economic issues as the core of his many interests. His tenure into the Alberta Public Service began in October 2022 as the deputy minister of Trade, Immigration, and Multiculturalism. Dr. Ufodike’s portfolio as deputy minister is the most senior public service role in the ministry, which essentially entails supporting the minister, whilst overseeing the daily operations of the ministry.

Photo courtesy of Dr. Akolisa Ufodike

by Chinenye Emezie An academic, finance executive, and a public policy expert; Dr. Ufodike’s early life began in Nigeria where he was born.

His father is a retired military personnel –– Colonel Leonard Ufodike, and his mother, Ebele Ufodike is an educator.

Dr. Ufodike is a PhD graduate of University of Calgary, and a graduate of Cornell’s MBA program. Additionally, Dr. Ufodike holds several certifications and professional affiliations –– he’s a Certified Fraud Examiner, a Certified Director by the Institute of Corporate Directors [ICD.D], a Canadian FCPA, US CPA, and a UK FCCA. He is also the national chair of the Association of Black Conservatives–a designation he’s most proud of.

Dr. Ufodike, as an exemplary leader, sits on the board of various committees and charities, including the Provincial Audit Committee for Alberta, the board of the Canada Nigerian Chamber of Commerce, the Senate of the University of Calgary, the Peel Literacy Guild [where he served as a treasurer], and the Black Business and Professional Association. He also served as treasurer and chairman for Scouts Canada (Chinook Council), and was previously the chair of the Audit Committee for the Loyalist Group – a TSX Listed Company.

With over 30 years of corporate and professional experience, Dr. Ufodike’s experience spans across various industries including telecoms, banking, utilities, education, oil and gas, consumer packaged goods, and public accounting.

He is the managing partner at Ufodike Professional Corporation, and a former associate professor of auditing (data analytics) and public policy and law at York University, Toronto, Ontario.

During Dr. Ufodike’s time at the school of administrative studies of York University, his research interests included public sector finance, actor networks, publicprivate partnerships, accountability, and common pool resources. He was also an ad hoc reviewer for the Sustainability Journal, Accounting Perspectives, Journal of Business Ethics, and Chinese Management Journal. Dr. Ufodike has reviewed articles for many notable organizations including the Canadian Accounting Academic Association, British Accounting and Finance Association (BAFA), and American Accounting Association, with many of his research presented at various conferences organized by these organizations. He is a CPA licensed public practitioner, case examiner, and brand ambassador.

the resolution of empowering current black directors –– especially those who have proven themselves. Other resolutions he recommended are the development of talent within organizations, and collaborations with BIPOC organisations, that will help effective diversity representation in organizations, particularly professional corporate arenas. In his own words, “in less than two years, seven of nine Black women directors JWI placed in various organization are now chairing those boards, or chairing a significant board committee. That is empowerment,” He continues. “Recruiting them to those boards may have started out to ensure racial diversity, but has evolved to the realization that the boards performance has been enhanced by their presence.”

Dr. Ufodike’s professional experience prior to venturing into the academia and political arena spanned over two and a half decades in various major organizations like Bell Canada and Molson Coors. He co-founded Jaguar Wireless where he doubled as the CFO, during which time he participated in the 2007 Canadian wireless spectrum auction. He also served as the COO and CFO of one of Canada’s largest wireless ISP’s — Corridor Communications Inc (CCI Wireless).

In October 2023 and to mark his 50th birthday celebration, Dr. Ufodike together with his wife – Chioma Ufodike created an award –– The Ufodike Business Award of Excellence through a charity close to their hearts –– the CPA Education Foundation. According to him, “the purpose of the award is to support Black students who display excellence in business and accounting during their post-secondary journeys.”

Dr. Ufodike’s commitment to tackling diversity and socio-economic issues is a passion as well as a life ambition, which ultimately led to him founding The John Ware Institute (JWI) a notfor-profit to address the issues of social inequity – particularly in health and socio-economic outcomes. On the quest for organizations across Canada to diversify their boardrooms –– according to Dr. Ufodike –– to achieve diversity effectively, organizations need to avoid performative actions. He recommended

The Ufodike Business Award of Excellence prioritizes students on their way to achieving their CPA designations. To be eligible, the students must be high achievers academically by having obtained great grades, the students may also have experienced some financial need in the course of their studies. “The goal is to create a fund that has a lasting impact for students in the decades to come.”//

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BOOTSTRAPPING VS. VENTURE CAPITAL WEIGHING THE PROS AND CONS FOR YOUR BUSINESS

by Sherika Powell

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hat do businesses like Meta, Dell Computers, Apple, eBay, and Microsoft have in common? They all started out with humble beginnings as bootstrap enterprises.

When starting a business, one of the biggest challenges is funding and determining how and where you will get capital to fund your endeavour. So, whether you decide to bootstrap it or go the venture capital route, it's best

to make an informed decision. Each option also comes with its own set of advantages and drawbacks, catering to different business models, goals, and risk appetites.

Bootstrapping—Nurturing Your Business from the Ground Up “Bootstrapping is a really powerful thing, as long as you can bootstrap without sacrificing a competitive advantage or moving so slowly that you’re “eaten alive by competitors,” the benefits of being able to stay devoted to your singular vision can’t be overstated.” - GoPro founder and CEO Nicholas Woodman

Pros: Full Ownership and Control: One of the primary benefits of bootstrapping is the unparalleled level of control it grants you over your business. By bypassing the need for external investors, you are empowered to make decisions that are fully aligned with your vision and values, without any interference.

Lean and Focused Growth: Bootstrapped businesses tend to be more cautious with their spending, focusing on sustainable growth. This often results in a leaner business model, fostering efficiency and adaptability. As a result, you're better equipped to weather economic uncertainties.

Freedom from Debt and Equity: Bootstrapping involves utilizing personal savings, revenue generated by the business, or funds from friends and family.

This approach can minimize the reliance on loans and dilution of equity, granting you the ability to steer clear of interest payments, and the potential loss of ownership associated with debt and external investors.

Enhanced Learning and Problem-Solving: When resources are limited, entrepreneurs are compelled to wear multiple hats, forcing them to lean in and find creative solutions to challenges. This hands-on approach can lead to a deeper understanding of all facets of the business, contributing to long-term success.

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Cons: Limited Resources: Without external funding, your business's growth might be slower, and you might face limitations in terms of hiring, marketing, and product development.

This could potentially hinder your ability to seize market opportunities swiftly.

Risk of Stagnation: Over-reliance on personal funds or profits can lead to complacency and a reluctance to invest in innovation or expansion, potentially causing your business to flatline in growth.

Missed Scaling Opportunities: If your industry is highly competitive or requires significant upfront investments, bootstrapping might not provide the resources for rapid scaling. You could start to develop major FOMO (fear of missing out) that could result in missed opportunities for market dominance.

Venture Capital: Infusion of Capital for Explosive Growth

immense pressure to meet aggressive growth targets, which may not align with your business's natural trajectory.

Loss of Privacy: Venture capital often involves sharing detailed financial and operational information with investors. This loss of privacy can feel intrusive, and you may need to disclose sensitive information about your business.

The decision between bootstrapping and venture capital hinges on your business's unique characteristics, growth ambitions, and risk tolerance. Bootstrapping offers control, sustainability, and hands-on experience, but may limit rapid expansion. Venture capital provides access to substantial funding, expertise, and accelerated growth, but at the cost of equity and increased pressure to perform.

Consider your business's stage, industry, and long-term goals before choosing the path that aligns best with your vision.

Remember, the journey is yours to shape, and financing is just one chapter in the story of your entrepreneurial success. //

“Entrepreneurs can benefit a lot from the right help and advice, and you can avoid costly mistakes. You can get incredible leverage in hiring people who wouldn't even talk to you if you have the right help. An investor isn't about money — it's about the help and advice you can get.” - Vinod Khosla, cofounder of Sun Microsystems and Venture Capitalist

Pros: Access to Significant Capital: Venture capital offers a substantial injection of funds, enabling rapid expansion, product development, and market penetration. This influx of capital can propel your business to achieve crucial milestones more efficiently, allowing you to seize opportunities and drive growth with greater agility.

Industry Expertise and Networking: Venture capitalists bring valuable industry expertise, connections, and mentorship to the table. Their insights can guide your business strategy, open doors to partnerships, and accelerate growth.

Focused Growth: With ample resources, you can aggressively pursue growth opportunities, aiming for market dominance.

This approach can help you establish a strong competitive position and capture a larger market share.

Mitigated Personal Financial Risk: Using venture capital reduces your financial exposure to business risks. If the venture fails, the financial burden primarily falls on the investors rather than solely on your shoulders.

Cons: Equity Dilution and Loss of Control: The most significant trade-off in accepting venture capital is the dilution of your ownership stake. Investors often demand equity in exchange for their funding, which can result in reduced control over decision-making and a smaller share of future profits.

Pressure to Perform: Venture capitalists expect a return on their investment, typically within a set timeframe. This can create

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WHY YOU SHOULDN’T TRADE YOUR ARTS AND CULTURE START-UPS FOR TECH

by Luke Miles

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s entrepreneurs search for the ideal business to launch, something in the realm of tech or fintech might look perfect. The technology field usually promises more money, a better impact on society, and a steady flow of clients. It might be easy to brush aside the possibility of maybe following your heart and opening a home décor shop, a bakery,

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or an Etsy page of crochet patterns. This might be what you’d prefer, but it doesn’t seem as lucrative with as many opportunities to expand. But if an entrepreneur wants to start a business related to arts and culture, it wouldn’t be wrong to stick with that plan instead of branching into the seemingly more promising tech industry. Here’s why.

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Culture and Arts Hold Up Society as Much as Technology Try to imagine a society where there’s no balance between the emotional inclinations of the eternal idealistic spirit of humanity, and the search for the best tools to use in the creation of creature comforts. It’s easy to dismiss arts as frivolous, and technology as the source of all evil in the world…until you try to imagine a world where either was deprioritized or outright disdained.

Without culture and striving toward an understanding of the human condition, the human mind would be lost, and technology would serve no purpose or be easily misapplied and abused. Technology would have no grounding force.

The culture of any time dictates how technology is used and why certain tools are invented. In other words, technology primarily serves cultural needs.

At the same time, the artist and creator would struggle without the tools of the modern age. A painter may scoff at the prevalence of technology, without realizing the paintbrush is a form of technology and without it, painting couldn’t be done with the same finesse. Nor would the wannabe painter have access to the array of paint colours they do in the modern age without efficient manufacturing processes. A chef may cherish the foods of the earth; however, it’s far easier to perform the culinary arts with knives, food processors, fridges, and ovens.

Entrepreneurs Should Do What They Love, Not What’s Popular Technological pursuits may be all the rage right now, with governments encouraging young students to choose STEM fields as they explore higher education, AI technology dominating creative fields, automation threatening manufacturing jobs, murmurings over debit cards implanted in palms, and those begrudging advancements in medicine and surgical procedures (especially when they can reduce the suffering of groups who are frequently dismissed as “no longer useful”). Technology seems to be the only thing people are talking about these days, so naturally, aspiring business owners might worry their stability lies in a submission to the will of technocrats.

However, we can’t forget life isn’t all about technology, which might be hard to do in a world that seems determined to emphasize technological advancement for the sake of technological advancement. Technocrats may often appear to forget their technology is depressing if the culture and its

subcultures, as well as the enduring human spirit, do not ask for it. Still, that doesn’t equal “art is useless.” The heart of the human, though it may stray, will always find its way back to its emotional core and fulfillment through arts.

It’s Not All About Huge Profits and Expansion Can we sit here and honestly say the obsession with profits and the expansion of economic empires has served the human race? While commerce may have its social benefits, the gradual tainting of any sincere exchanging of goods and services by equating production with profit — insisting creation should never be done if big money isn’t involved — has slowly been grinding commerce to a halt. This has been leaving many people who have become dependent on it, by no real choice of their own, stranded. Monopolizing businesspeople may be asking, “Why doesn’t anyone want to work anymore?”

Well, the answer may be, “They have morals.”

Small, independent businesses have a certain appeal to them, because they seem to be untouched by the hunger for global domination and a mindless, endless siphoning of financial resources that end up sitting untouched in Swiss bank accounts or paying for gas-guzzling superyachts. There will always be consumers far more interested in supporting small-scale independent business owners with their handmade or small-batch goods.

Tech and Art Can Cross Paths Artists never stop cropping up, even in the face of overwhelming and unhealthy levels of industrialization and worship of technology — they just find ways to incorporate technology into their art. As much as technology leans on cultural demands expressed by artists, artists often examine the rises and falls of technologies and explore their impacts on the human body and spirit. They say opposites attract, right? Artists can have no issue enjoying the fruits of technologists, and vice versa.

There are many examples of arts and technology merging or fuelling each other. These examples include video games, photography, cinema, digital illustration and graphic design, virtual reality, AI-generated art, NFTs and blockchain art, and the futurism movement. Art and technology can hardly be accused of having no overlap. Though some artists may groan about technology and some technologists may pretend they’re above art, reality demonstrates balance is achievable and even necessary. //

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DYNAMICS OF STARTING AN ARTS & CULTURE BUSINESS

by Peter Campbell

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hether it be through literature, dance, painting, theatre, film, music, poetry, sculpture, storytelling, spirituality, architecture, rituals, or any type of expression that stems from personal creativity, Arts & Culture enable us to not only better understand the world around us, but also to better understand the peoples that dwell upon that world – and the hardships and successes they face every day.

However, Arts & Culture do more than simply display someone’s creativity, they also forge a personal identity as well as aiding in the strengthening and preserving of a sense of community.

As essential as this is, can it be monetized? Most certainly.

The Sated Artist We’ve all heard the stereotype of “the starving artist”. And though many in the arts & culture (or CCS: Cultural and Creative Sector) world aren’t always paid top dollar, it doesn’t mean that one cannot make money and a decent living from Arts & Culture – especially if a person possesses a passion for Arts & Culture, and a mind for business. Simply put, living in a business world does not have to negate you also existing in an Arts & Culture world. And vice versa.

Your passion is your passion; your forte is your forte. Regardless.

It doesn’t have to be viewed as a “left brain / right brain” thing.

Like any start-up, success rarely comes easy. But the same integral steps that apply for other successful start-ups also apply to Arts & Culture businesses: hard work, due diligence, and perseverance.

The 3 Ps The 3 Ps, as they’re known, are often the backbone of any successful business.

People. Process. Product. [sometimes: Preparation, Process, Personalization] Regardless of the words you wish to use, the point is the same: do your homework, and good things tend to arise.

Sure, there can be a “right place at the right time” aspect, along with (to use another cliché) “it’s who you know” but you do make your own luck! However, being in the right place at the right time or knowing the right people, etc. aren’t simply fortunate accidents, they all stem from you having done your research, and forecasting as many angles, potential pitfalls, and outcomes as you can.

By starting an Arts & Culture business, you’re bringing in money based on your creative activities and/or the activities of others. Whether it be selling your creative works, organizing

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events, networking, advertising, onboarding, or whatever it is that you do that makes money for your Arts & Culture start-up, you are essentially building a creative community.

All About the Grants (no longer) Though grants doubtlessly play a large part in the success of Arts & Culture start-ups, they are no longer the be-all-andend-all. As a result, many Arts & Culture organizations have become increasingly focused on business and marketing in their approach to management and funding.

With minimal resources, start-ups have quickly learned to build services and programs by being ever aware of the need to balance and understand three primary components: internal resources, institutional community perceptions, and industry norms.

A comprehensive knowledge of the complexities of the Arts & Culture industry – especially where it pertains to specific cultural disciplines – is critical. Clarity in the understanding of existing and required resources is also integral.

The International Journal of Arts Management (IJAM) offers insightful views into management processes along with the ways in which arts organizations operate – within the various disciplines of management. Including: administration, marketing, production and operation processes, human resources, finance, and accounting. IJAM also provides a forum for debating and challenging models and theories, as well as their application in cultural and arts practice.

Arts & Culture businesses and entrepreneurs not only promote job creation, productivity, and innovation, they also stimulate economic growth – since innovation in arts is often different than innovation in other sectors of the economy. As well, arts & culture businesses encompass a strong diversity of sectors and business models.

Artistic Expression + Cultural Identity = YOU In essence, arts & culture are you, your world, your views, your lifestyle, your hopes, your dreams, your successes, your failures. The list is potentially endless. And as they say, “the sky’s the limit.”

From the camera to the computer and the printing press to the Internet, as technologies evolve, artists are finding new ways to bring their inspirations to life. New technologies are not only changing our perceptions, but they’re also changing the way audiences consume an artist’s creativity – allowing us new and exciting ways to experience those creations. //

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AMOYE HENRY

Creating Opportunities for Women-Owned Businesses When Amoye Henry and Adeela Carter, founders of Pitch Better, would travel to the U.S. for business events, they would see many networking opportunities for women of colour. There were also large incubators for entrepreneurs to launch and grow their businesses.

Amoye Henry, along with board co-chair Cierra Madore, and Membership and Partnerships Manager Peta Ann Leon, spoke to The Edge, A Leader’s Magazine about the influence Pitch Better has had on the Canadian entrepreneur landscape, and what that means for Black-owned businesses.

Photo courtesy of Amoye Henry

by Josephine Mwanvua Tell us the story of how Pitch Better got started.

Amoye: We conducted research and recognized that there was a government fund that had [been distributed] to entrepreneurs, but only two Black women of the 300-plus applicants got access to the funding. Once we realized that Black women were the fastest growing group of entrepreneurs in North America, but only 0.6 per cent of Black women entrepreneurs in North America were successful in raising funds, we recognized that was a problem.

Black women entrepreneurs didn’t know they could even apply for various options for funding — which aren’t marketed to our networks and communities — and the application processes are often extremely overwhelming. Pitch Better was birthed because we recognized all of these challenges in the private equity space, and ironically and sadly at the federal, [provincial], and city levels as well.

Pitch Better helps Black- and Indigenous-led start-ups acquire funding through data collection.

How exactly does this happen?

Cierra: Pitch Better does have data collection and research to enable our programming; however, the access to capital as an entrepreneur is not directly correlated to the research.

We’ve developed a number of different programs that are helping Black and Indigenous women access capital across the ecosystem.

Peta-Ann: It began with Secure the Bag — one of our key workshops that Amoye and Adeela were facilitating across Canadian provinces. The more

recent iteration of that is our Modern Hustle Collective series. We help Black women entrepreneurs build the skills to pitch, have that business plan, talk to investors and funders about value creation, and be able to complete applications for debt or equity financing.

Cierra: To come back to the data collection piece, it tells us that only 0.6 per cent of Black women are receiving this funding, and [yet] we know there’s no shortage of it across Canada. There’s a systemic barrier. That data has helped us create programming. We’re just at the beginning of what we intend to do in this space.

What feedback have you received so far?

Amoye: We were speaking to a government official based in the Atlantic who had actually read our reports and commended us on how they have been foundational tools in providing insight, [saying] that our study has been pivotal in understanding some of the gaps faced by underrepresented entrepreneurs.

Additionally, ecosystem partners tell us all the time that they use our reports and data to build cases for funding and to advocate for policy change.

We also received a note on LinkedIn from a workshop participant stating that they submitted their first ever pitch deck, and the session they had with Peta-Ann helped to make it better. They said it was so amazing to see a national board consisting of Black women from all over Canada in executive positions come together to support this organization that has a focus to elevate Black women entrepreneurs. This makes us feel like

we’re on the right path. Black women are so industrious and powerful.

How have your initiatives changed the business landscape?

Cierra and Peta-Ann: We’re often interfacing with government officials and our research is informing policies and programming. There’s been a number of new programs from the government — there’s a Black Ecosystem Fund and the Black Entrepreneurship Knowledge Hub, so that’s very promising.

On the entrepreneur side, we’ve also supported hundreds of entrepreneurs across different industries to pivot their business through the pandemic to create more sustainable business models. We saw this especially after our $500,000 grant program in partnership with Facebook Canada, CILAR, and Black Opportunity Fund.

What traits do you think are important for entrepreneurs to have?

Amoye: Some staple things that make sense across the board to build generational wealth are understanding your finances, your audience, and having clear pathways for customers to get access to you. Also, [ask yourself], is your business revenue-generating and can you also create a business that you can sell?

A lot of people in our communities are fixated on creating a business they can survive from, but at Pitch Better, we push innovation and scale. We want entrepreneurs to think about their business as an enterprise they can [give] to their children, that they can transform into an asset. // Winter 2023

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start-up

BERI MERIC IVY is a “lifelong Social University” Beri Meric describes IVY, the business networking organization he founded, as “a community that is designed to enable all of its participants to truly bring the best out of others.” After ten years, the company’s global reach continues to grow rapidly, bridging together an ever-widening spectrum of professionals.

Photo courtesy of Beri Meric

by Dave Gordon For Meric, creating IVY was the natural culmination of overcoming various life challenges.

Born in Turkey to a family of entrepreneurs, Meric and his family later moved to Scotland and opened a corporate branch there.

“I went from being a very well-adjusted kid in Turkey to being in a country where I didn’t speak the language. I was the only foreigner in my school,” he said.

“It made me very uncomfortable, on the one hand. On the other hand, it was the crucible experience that made me what I am.”

It spurred his obsession to learn “what it takes to adapt to any situation, and how people can connect with each other, no matter how different they might be,” he said. “Learning and connection became a core thing for me.”

“I was fully transformed into a person for whom nothing is weird anymore.”

He moved to the U.S. to attend Brown University in Rhode Island, and later worked at financial services company Morgan Stanley in London, U.K. It was there he acquired a maxim for success: “If you go above and beyond and pay attention to detail, you will succeed.” Afterward, he returned to the U.S. to study at Harvard Business School.

“That American educational environment gave me the idea for IVY. I loved my experience. The way I saw it, it is an experience where every day, you are learning from leading minds.

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You are constantly dreaming about the future and how you want to chart the course of your life. All day long, you are surrounded by peers, and it is unbelievably fun and inspiring,” he said.

but the misconception is that a leader is like the prime minister or CEO or the VP,” he explained.

The concern was that learning ends when the course work ends. “I never understood why that is. Stakes get a lot higher as you get older.

“It’s when you leave things better than you found it, intentionally bringing the best out of others. When you uplift everyone, even in your absence, because of the structure you created, people flourish.

That, I think, is the essence of leadership.”

You are leading organizations, leading families. You have much bigger roles, and you no longer have this cohesive environment where you are constantly learning and growing with other people.”

Whether lay leader, professional, or corporate leader, or simply someone who strives for the top, Meric has taken note of some of the most successful keys to networking over the past decade.

Thus, the idea for IVY developed as “a lifelong university,” where participants “learn from the leading minds, alongside people who want to be the best version of themselves.

“There’s always something you can relate to, something that you can learn from any person in any industry.” Also, find out how to help the person you’re meeting.

[They] bring the best out of others and deeply connect with each other to take transformative action together.”

COVID moved the model online for two years, while IVY was already serving more than 10,000 business leaders across 100 different countries, from small start-ups to large companies.

Among the hundreds of guest speakers, they’ve included actors Matt Damon, Steve Martin, and Matthew McConaughey.

Most speakers — and many attendees — have come from the highest echelons of their field, and Meric’s noted a consistent theme on what are top achievers’ leadership qualities.

“Leadership is something not reserved for people with the official title. It’s probably one of the most sacred roles,

“It’s not some charitable, philanthropic, do-good thing. It’s actually, I think, a law of the universe. If you can deliver for other people, you’ll deliver for yourself.

It feels great, and it’s good.

Instead of trying to figure out how to win and get more, it’s about figuring out how to get that person to win, and then good things will happen,” he said.

“What I really believe is that at the smallest level, like the butterfly effect, the smallest smile you give someone that lifts their spirits and creates a chain reaction can change the world.” //

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economics

TRANSFORMING SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES FOR A NEW ERA

by Lauren Schwartz

H

istory is cyclical. Many of us think of COVID-19 as a big one-off, but in reality, those who work in emergency management saw it coming. By 2020, we were due another pandemic. COVID-19 was not the first, nor will it be the last major pandemic to afflict the human race, and may not even be the last in our lifetime. In addition, with the rise in political and environmental disruptions and instability, it is well past time for supply chains to re-think how they work in order to meet customer demand.

One of the things that COVID-19 did was accelerate and magnify problems that already existed in the supply chain. It brought the supply chain to the forefront of business’s strategic planning moving forward, and drastically increased visibility on the importance of the supply chain in business.

It has been found that supply chains need to be agile, resilient, digital, and diverse in order to function effectively longterm. It is crucial that workers are trained in the new skills required to work in a supply chain where certain functions will be automated, and it is important to be able to pivot effectively should problems arise.

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economics

Diversifying Suppliers

Procurement

The pandemic highlighted the need to have a more regionalized supply chain. Rather than relying on one massive single-source supplier, it is becoming increasingly clear that companies need to start investing in regional sources. This means partnering with multiple regional suppliers and moving production closer to the regions where companies will sell their goods.

Where companies source their materials from, how much they buy, and how they analyze demand is also becoming increasingly important. In the past, companies used the just-intime principle to keep lean inventories, cut costs and improve efficiency. This principle highlighted when there were issues with certain products so they could be fixed as issues arose.

What this strategy hopes to avoid is another shortage in products. Certain goods, such as medical supplies, cannot have a disruption in their supply chain. Having multiple suppliers with the suppliers being closer to the consumers means that there is less likely for another bottleneck to occur in the case of another global shutdown. It also ensures that supply chains remain efficient.

But now, companies are preferring to keep a backlog of buffer stock in order to maintain a continuous supply base.

While this means that a company won’t run out of products, it means that it may take longer to address and fix any problems that may arise.

Now, this new strategy adds costs where the singlesupplier method was more cost-effective. But, with the rise in automation to certain parts of the supply chain and a whole new understanding of procurement, some costs can be kept down. This new strategy is also calculated against the risk of another major disruption and is still found to be the better option.

Procurement doesn’t just mean in product, but also in talent.

Skilled workers are being hired as they understand the technology that is being introduced into the supply chain, in addition to more analysts to understand the overall functionality of the supply chain to ensure that it remains optimized.

Sustainability No one is a stranger to climate change and the effect that it is having on the world. Now, more than ever, companies are putting a higher focus on their environmental sustainability goals. Consumers are leaning towards buying from more environmentally friendly brands, prospective hires are putting it on their list of values that a company must have before they consider accepting a job offer, and government policies are putting increasing pressure on companies to ensure that their supply chains are sustainable.

Companies are investing more money into sustainability than was ever seen in the past in order to ensure that they keep their customers and meet current policy guidelines.

Technology and Automation The pandemic also highlighted the need for more technologies and tools to be introduced into the supply chain to help mitigate disruptions. This is the strategy that will drive cost reduction for businesses where they may have seen costs rise as a result of diversification. The automation process will help standardize procedures across the supply chain, as all technology can be programmed using the same guidelines.

It will also ensure that the health and safety of workers is pushed to the forefront by removing them from jobs that may put their wellbeing at risk.

It is also equally as important for companies to invest in reskilling supply chain workers in how to use these new technologies.

Rather than looking outside for new workers who are skilled in these technologies, re-educating workers that a company already has will help keep costs down, and will result in a lower turnover rate among already existing employees. //

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economics

HOW CULTURAL FACTORS SHAPE ECONOMIC OUTCOMES

by Susan Gebrezgie

T

he relationship between culture and economics is a complex and fascinating one. “Culture” refers to the shared patterns of beliefs, values, behaviors, customs, traditions, language, symbols, and practices that characterize a particular group of people, whether it's a nation, an ethnic group, a community, an organization, or any other social entity.

The very notion of culture is so broad that it’s no surprise that economists have been reluctant to rely on culture as a determinant of economic phenomena. While traditional economic theories often focus on quantitative factors like resources, technology, and institutions, the role of culture in shaping economic outcomes should not be underestimated. In recent years, better techniques and more data have made it possible to identify systematic differences in people's preferences, and these developments have introduced culturally-based explanations into economics that can be tested to enrich our understanding of economic singularities.

This article explores how cultural factors shape economic outcomes and why understanding these dynamics is crucial for individuals, economists, businesses, and societies as a whole.

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economics

1. Work Ethic and Productivity

5. Savings and Consumption Patterns

One of the most noticeable ways culture influences economic outcomes is through work ethic and productivity. Different cultures have varying attitudes toward work, which can significantly impact a nation's economic performance. For instance, cultures that emphasize hard work, diligence, and punctuality tend to have higher productivity levels, leading to more prosperous economies.

Some cultures encourage frugality and saving for the future, which can lead to higher levels of capital accumulation and investment, whereas other cultures emphasize immediate consumption and may experience lower savings rates and reduced capital formation.

In contrast, cultures that place a lower emphasis on work ethic may experience lower productivity levels, hindering economic development. Understanding these cultural differences can help businesses tailor their management practices and strategies when operating in different regions.

2. Trust and Social Capital Trust is another critical cultural factor that shapes economic outcomes. High levels of trust within a society can lead to more efficient transactions, lower transaction costs, and greater economic development. In Nordic countries such as Denmark and Sweden, where trust is deeply ingrained, individuals and businesses are more likely to engage in cooperative endeavours, enter into contracts, and invest in innovation and long-term relationships.

In contrast, low-trust cultures may experience difficulties in establishing business partnerships and attracting foreign investments.

3. Risk Aversion and Innovation Risk aversion and innovation are closely tied to culture. Cultures that encourage risk-taking, and tolerate failure are more likely to foster a climate of innovation, leading to economic growth.

Recognizing these cultural tendencies can guide policies that promote entrepreneurship and innovation. Silicon Valley in the United States is a prime example of a culture that embraces risk and encourages entrepreneurial endeavours, resulting in numerous technological innovations and economic growth.

Conversely, cultures that are risk-averse may discourage innovation, and entrepreneurship, and individuals and businesses may be reluctant to take on the uncertainties associated with modernization, leading to economic stagnation.

4. Gender Roles and Economic Outcomes Gender roles and cultural attitudes toward women's participation in the workforce also have significant economic implications.

Societies that promote gender equality tend to harness the full potential of their workforce, leading to higher economic growth.

Understanding these cultural preferences can help policymakers and businesses tailor their strategies for different markets.

6. Corruption and Ethical Behavior Cultural norms regarding corruption and ethical behavior can have a profound impact on economic outcomes. Cultures that condemn corruption, and promote ethical conduct tend to have lower levels of corruption, and more transparent institutions, which can lead to greater economic development.

In contrast, cultures that tolerate or even encourage corrupt practices may experience economic stagnation, as corruption can deter foreign investment and hinder economic growth.

The CPI 2022 - Corruption Perceptions Index demonstrates a strong correlation between cultural attitudes towards corruption and a country's economic performance.

7. Education and Human Capital Cultural attitudes toward education can significantly influence a nation's human capital development, and consequently, its economic outcomes. Cultures that value education and prioritize academic achievement tend to produce a highly skilled workforce, which can drive economic growth through innovation and productivity gains.

Conversely, cultures that do not prioritize education may face challenges in building a skilled workforce and fostering economic development.

To conclude, culture is not a static concept; it evolves over time. Understanding how cultural factors shape economic outcomes is essential for making informed decisions at individual, organizational, and policy levels. It enables businesses to navigate diverse global markets, governments to design effective economic policies, and individuals to appreciate the complexities of a globalized world.

Recognizing the impact of culture on economics promotes crosscultural understanding and fosters inclusive and sustainable economic development. //

In contrast, cultures that restrict women's access to education and employment opportunities can hinder economic development. Understanding these cultural dynamics can inform policies aimed at reducing gender disparities in employment and income.

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business

RONNIE HEW Proficient in Financial Analysis

Ronnie Hew has 10 years of experience in technical and visual analysis of volatile financial markets with risk management techniques. He was educated in statistical and technical analysis of financial charts, and has been teaching about stocks, bonds, commodities, and currencies for five years. He also offers specialized training on shorting stocks, leveraged indexes, and options with risk management. Hew generously shared some of his financial insights on market analysis, the pandemic, and general advice with The Edge.

by Rose Ho

Photo courtesy of Ronnie Hew

“We were curious about that, and we started to look at what were the What do you find exciting aboutentrepreneurs What are some factors help opportunities to most help Black women in Canada build to scalable businesses, and they were minuscule,” mitigate Henry says. being a financial analyst? risk in the market?

Amoye Henry, along with board co-chair Cierra Madore, and Membership The exciting thing aboutPeta analyzing For discuss advancedthe traders and fund managers, and most Partnerships Manager Ann Leon, influence Pitch Better the nancial markets is thatentrepreneur it tells you the use of derivatives, trailing stops, has fihad on the Canadian landscape and what that means for what most fundbusinesses. managers are investing diversification, market timing, and buying Black-owned in, where the demand is, and when that quality indexes will work. This, combined changes. New trends in technology with intermarket, technical, fundamental, and healthcare is revealed in the stock statistical, and psychological analysis charts and news, which is confirmed by puts volatility under control. A proactive the earnings of these companies. This approach is required as opposed to a desire for knowledge and opportunity buy-and-hold tradition. is what drives all types of traders.

How important is it to perform technical versus fundamental analysis of securities?

Technical analysis is always the priority as it’s a picture of supply-and-demand, momentum, or strength of the price, whereas fundamental analysis is what should happen academically and logically based on textbook theory — it is the consensus and choice of the majority.

Technical analysis is the reality of price.

It is objective, unbiased, and the bottom line in performance.

Were there any positives observed in the financial markets during the pandemic?

The beginning of this new pandemic started on December 2020, and the new bull market for US equities started in March 2020, and then lasted for 20 months, despite the obvious economic despair that was the conventional knowledge at the time. It’s a reminder how resilient and adaptable the human spirit is, and the businesses’ desire to survive despite the fundamental implications.

Despite a history of dreadful world events, the financial markets find a way to adapt throughout time.

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What are the current trends that will most likely continue?

By mid-2022, the world stock markets continued to fall to the lowest prices in a year caused by a trend in higher rates and poor economic growth. Bitcoin and technology continued to fall because of poor earnings. The purpose of continued higher interest rates was to fight inflation, and it’s working. As of the beginning of June, the price of oil, natural gas, and unleaded gasoline was in a downtrend.

Unfortunately, anyone owning energy stocks saw a negative return for a while, as this trend had just started. The good news is we are now closer to the end of rising rates and hopefully, world stock indexes will rise again.

What evergreen advice do you have for novice investors?

There is a rising trend towards clean energy, even more so now with the present price of oil and inflation. The favourites are electric, natural gas, and solar companies — that’s where the demand is now. Anything related to lithium, uranium, palladium, and hydrogen are getting the global attention as energy alternatives. These are the ones to watch.

What are the current trends that will most likely to continue this year and next ?

Currently, as of November 10, 2023, the US stock markets are now rising and are in an uptrend led by big cap techs –– as in the QQQ index and the semiconductors, expect this for at least 3 months.

In their last meeting , the US policymakers for the economy had decided not to raise interest rates and the consensus is there will be no more, for bond traders have been buying bonds since October 19, which was the lowest in 17 years and nearly a 5% yield on the 2-year US Treasury Bond. This is a positive for stocks as they tend to follow the direction of the bond market, especially growth stocks as in the QQQ index and the semiconductors.

Presently, the QQQ index, which consists of 100 growth stocks (mostly big cap techs) is at the highest price in a year ...fund managers are likely buying in anticipation of stronger growth in the world economies, translating to better earnings and higher stock prices.

For the most part, the last earnings reports for most companies have been good or not as bad. For the next earnings report 3 months from now – the best performers will likely be big cap techs, and the companies representing the major indexes like the SPY (Standard & Poor 500 index ), QQQ (Nasdaq 100 index ) and the DJIA (Dow Jones Index).

This year was filled with wars –– failing regional banks in the US, and rising rates can only get better in the new year to come, as world economies recover and adapt to the current times. //

economics

REEMA RAFAY

Urging Entrepreneurs to Build from the Heart Humble beginnings hold the potential to pave the way for glorious success, and Reema Rafay is the epitome of that, from witnessing her parents struggling with poverty to becoming an entrepreneur billing seven figures annually. Now the National Vice President and Independent Consultant, Arbonne, Rafay’s story bears testament to the fact that hard work ultimately leads to financial independence.

Rafay chatted with The Edge, A Leader’s Magazine about women entrepreneurship and how to build a successful business.

Photo courtesy of Reema Rafay

by Shweta Gandhi You were 23 years old when you started a business. How did your journey begin as a woman entrepreneur?

I had no intention of becoming a woman entrepreneur. I was working part-time as a beauty advisor at Estée Lauder to make ends meet, completing a broadcasting course in Toronto, working towards the completion of my psychology degree from Carleton, and recording news, weather, and sports for the South Asian Talking Yellow Pages, when an urgent need struck my home. My parents had lost a home to a fire years ago, and then lost their home again due to a double closing. I was tired of seeing my parents struggle with poverty.

A businessman, impressed with my work ethic, offered an opportunity to start a recruitment firm from scratch with 50 per cent ownership and profits if I built and ran the business. I was naïve and I thought that was amazing instead of a salary or a wage. Little did I know, I would have to do everything…I was given a room, desk, and a pile of resumes, and encouraged to “go build”. I was too proud to say I made a mistake, so I decided I would succeed. Eighteen months later, we were billing seven figures annually and I got to buy my parents a home.

The empowerment I felt as a woman when buying them a home made me fall in love with entrepreneurship and the infinite possibilities of how you can design your life should you choose to go against the norm.

As an independent consultant with Arbonne International, what do you help your clients achieve?

with how much you can make vs. leading from how many lives you can transform are two different thoughts.

I help my clients look and feel better from the inside out by prioritizing a healthy gut and skin microbiome with our vegan-certified nutrition and skincare products. As a B-Corp-certified brand, we have a holistic approach to health and well-being as we believe the mind, body, and skin are connected.

Build small and keep a check on your overheads; you need to have enough to get through the first year so budget accordingly. Don’t hire for what you can do yourself. Don’t overextend yourself with loans, staff, or rent. A small and profitable company can scale quicker than a larger company in debt.

What are some milestones in your entrepreneurial journey that catapulted your business to grow profitability?

If you can build your business around a subscription-based product/service with a lower price point that one can subscribe to, you will find long-term loyalty in a client base.

With Arbonne, there have been many milestones. Being promoted to the top 1 per cent of the company was a huge one.

Our brand was mainstream and I, along with others from the African-American, Latina, and Asian communities, decided to create a community within our brand to showcase the viability of this business for everyone regardless of race, religion, colour, gender, education, or occupation.

It was a win to see a body-positive Canadian-born, Muslim woman of South Asian descent get to the top.

What are some tried-and-tested ways for a women entrepreneur who is just starting out to build a sustainable business in today’s competitive online marketplace?

“Know your why,” as Simon Sinek says.

You need to build from your heart and not your head. Why are you doing what you’re doing? Why does someone need what you have to offer? Oftentimes, people think of businesses in terms of how much money can be made. Leading

Can you share a few tips for entrepreneurs on how to stay financially resilient during a weakening economy?

Diversify your financial portfolio. Always be prepared for impact. Ensure you have multiple areas you are investing/ saving in and earning from including stocks, savings, GICs, real estate, online businesses, jobs, etc.

Take out a percentage of your pay for ICE (in case of emergency), put it in a separate account, and forget about it.

Cut out nonessentials and unnecessary subscriptions.

Do you have any advice for women entrepreneurs on investing?

It’s important to seek out the right mentor/ investor to guide you on what to do with the money you are making, so find someone who knows the financial world better than you do. //

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INDONESIAN IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS ARE SUITABLE FOR CANADIAN CLIMATES

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.,

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tech & innovation

HOW CREATIVITY DRIVES INNOVATION THROUGH CROSSCULTURAL COLLABORATION

by Marcus Medford

T

he COVID-19 pandemic upended millions of people's lives and forced us to rethink and make changes to the ways we live and interact with others. For example, employees

across several industries are more familiar with telework and hybrid options that allow them to work individually and collectively in different physical locations.

The unprecedented nature of the pandemic came with a number of challenges, but it also created new opportunities for collaboration and innovation in the world of work. It was a perfect example of how people and companies sometimes have to pivot at a moment’s notice in order to address a problem.

backgrounds can bring different experiences and perspectives to a team, which can lead them in new directions.

Some of those changes were made to address the fact that the pandemic also impacted consumer behaviour and expectations. Because consumers are flooded with options, it’s vital that businesses adjust quickly in order to remain successful. According to a study by Forrester, 71 per cent of business leaders expect they’ll be forced to accelerate new offerings just to maintain their market position. In order to provide new offerings, experts recommend that businesses engage in more cross-cultural collaboration among employees.

One of the benefits of cross-cultural collaboration is that it introduces new perspectives and modes of operating. This can help people learn about or find creative new ways to approach problems. Businesses in any industry can benefit from leveraging the diversity that comes with cross-cultural collaboration. Industry experts say that businesses should see collaboration as an asset, not a liability, and encourages employers to leverage diversity.

Innovating can be a big and challenging ordeal for any business, so it can help to have as many people as possible tackling the issue. This eases the burden on the individuals tasked with coming up with and implementing the innovations, and opens the door to new perspectives. Some larger companies have specific roles dedicated to innovation, like R&D teams, or chief innovation officers.

Dominic Price is a work futurist at Atlassian, a software company that develops products which help businesses with their planning, tracking, collaborating, and other supports.

Price says one of the keys to fostering a culture of innovation is to democratize the innovation process, and to empower all employees to participate. According to Price, one of the ways to help innovation thrive is to alleviate some of the pressure that comes along with it. He says leaders should give their teams the autonomy to try things without the fear of failure.

The belief is that the strategy will pay off in the long run.

Having a cross-cultural team creates opportunities for learning in addition to innovation, which can be personally enriching, as well as beneficial to the business. People from different

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Cultural diversity doesn’t just refer to ethnic diversity, it can also mean differences in language, culture, behaviour, norms and values; it can also refer to the meanings people associate with different words, ideas, or actions. It’s important to be mindful and respectful of people’s differences when it comes to cross-cultural collaboration, and to ensure communication is clear.

Whenever possible, include opportunities for face-to-face communication, or team-building activities when working in cross-cultural teams. This is particularly important in telework situations. It can be difficult to interpret tone, body language, or someone’s comprehension of a matter through written communication alone. In-person and face-to-face interactions foster familiarity, and deepen the personal bonds between team members, which is beneficial in most collaborative circumstances, but especially in cases where there’s a lot of diversity within a team.

Businesses can introduce cross-cultural collaboration in their processes is by changing the way ideas are discussed and shared. Amazon Web Services adjusted its approach to innovation by introducing what it calls “document culture.”

It entails having meeting participants share their ideas via anonymous memos, which are read silently at the start of the meeting before the group discussion. Writing forces people to organize their thoughts, and it allows readers to better assess the quality of the ideas presented rather than focus on the source.

This can be particularly important in hybrid work situations, because it gives equal consideration to the people working on location, and those working remotely. Removing barriers that keep people from participating in meetings, including favouritism and bias, creates a more inclusive and respectful work environment.

To encourage an open exchange of information and ideas, it’s recommended that managers resist the urge to restrict access to documents, except where necessary. According to Leisa Reichelt, Atlassian’s head of research and insights, this is particularly important in hybrid work situations, because it increases the likelihood that employees “stumble upon” other’s work, similar to how they might in an in-person setting, which can lead to innovation and collaboration. //

tech & innovation

THE INTERSECTION OF ART AND TECHNOLOGY

by Helen Jacob

T

he union of art and technology has fostered creativity in a new realm, and has pushed the boundaries of creation.

Digital art has been around for decades: in videogames, movies and music. More than 10 years ago, people started exploring immersive virtual reality devices such as the Oculus that submerges the user in another universe.

The intersection of art and technology is an innovative place that has changed how we make and consume art.

Digital art is a form of art that is created using digital technology, including computers, software, and electronic devices. It has transformed the way art is created and consumed, leading to new forms of expression and more creative possibilities. It has changed the nature of art as we know it.

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tech & innovation

Tech and Visual Art Through the use of artificial intelligence, virtual reality and augmented reality, it is possible for audiences to interact with and immerse themselves in virtual art exhibits. Not only is the experience different, but people can discover and connect with art from their own homes.

Some notable virtual art exhibitions include The Louvre’s Online Tours, The Museum of Modern Art’s Virtual Views, and The Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture’s online exhibitions. Technology has made it possible to have access to art, no matter where you are in the world.

Technology is also reshaping the fashion industry and how designers approach their designs and marketing. On one hand, digitally capable apparel such as smart clothing and responsive sportswear have been around for many years, and developed quickly since its inception.

In the more artistic realm of fashion, brands have been able to create novel fabrics. As people move away from eco-leather because of its unsustainable quality, brands like Modern Meador are creating lab-grown leather without harming animals. Other companies like EntoGenetics are inventing really durable spider silk.

Tech in Fashion Another avenue for biodegradable clothing is 3D printing. From shoes to accessories to dresses, 3D printing is becoming an important part of

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sustainable and eco-friendly designs.

With this technology, manufacturers would only need to use the amount of material that is necessary to create the item, reducing textile waste. It is also used to make clothes more comfortable.

By 3D scanning a body, clothes can be created to perfectly fit that body.

Footwear is another big sector in the fashion industry that utilizes technology to its benefit. Big brands like Adidas and Nike have launched 3D-printed shoes.

Tech in the Music Industry Technology plays a key role in the way we create and consume music. For creators, AI can spot patterns and trends in data using advanced algorithms and machine learning techniques — this allows artists and producers to know which songs to promote. It can also help mix and master music, and enhance the quality of the track for whatever platform it’s presented on (i.e., Apple Music or Spotify), saving the creator time and energy.

For the consumer, it has changed the way we listen to and experience music.

Concerts were not an option during the pandemic, so we discovered new ways of immersing ourselves in the music. With virtual reality headsets like the Oculus, we can immerse ourselves in another world as if we were actually there. Tech has forged new paths for music lovers long before the Oculus. Walkmans and other portable music players changed how we listened to music. Speakers with Bluetooth capabilities and music streaming services

allowed people to share their music and enjoy their favourite songs anywhere, anytime. Chances are, if you listen to music, you’re using tech and some form of AI. For example, Spotify can create a playlist for you by detecting the kind of songs you’ve listened to in the past.

We’ve also seen tech revolutionize the live music experience in the form of holographic artists that can sing and dance on stage, and live streaming services that make it possible to watch from anywhere in the world. Virtual reality music videos shot in 360 degrees also give fans and music enthusiasts a different way to experience their favourite songs.

Although AI and other media of technology can accelerate production and create new worlds for the art industry, it hasn’t replaced the human element.

The emotional element that is central to all works of art is humanly created, and technology can only complement it. Technology is only as good as the person using it.

There is a lot to look forward to in the future of digital art and technology in the creative world. With the inception of the metaverse and other tools, technology will continue to transform the art world in unexpected ways. It will help expand the horizons for art, and help break down barriers between different art forms like music, film, and visual art. We can look forward to more advanced and interactive digital experiences in the future. //

tech & innovation

WHY THE HUMAN TOUCH (AS OPPOSED TO AI) MATTERS IN CREATIVE INDUSTRIES

by Stephanie Hawkins

T

echnology continues to evolve and change over time, often creating options that can make a professional person’s life so much easier. The on-going use and evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) would appear to be the next step in technological advancements. Although AI is not a new concept; the functions, applications, and mainstream use of generating images, text or videos based on specific prompts and commands provided by the user, has continued to evolve. Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI) is not going away any time soon, and the use of Gen AI has become somewhat standardized and commonplace – even in simple daily ways, such as grammar checks, and prompts when writing emails.

The big differentiator is understanding what AI can do – and more so – what it cannot do. AI is only as good as the information it has available on preexisting data. The more that AI is used and utilized the “smarter” it becomes, but there are still limitations as AI can never truly create something original – it’s all based on something else.

Humans have the ability of independent thought, collaboration, and perhaps most importantly, the ability to go out and experience the world. It is through these experiences that they are able to truly be creative – something that AI, at this stage, cannot achieve.

As with any technology, there are pros and cons to its use, scope and potential.

Within creative industries, AI will certainly change the way that people are working - and individuals, consumers, as well as organizations must continue to adapt, just as the technology does. It can be used as a tool to optimize SEO, to generate leads, to organize ideas, or pull analytics based on specific data.

Within creative industries, Gen AI is a great tool, but cannot replace the human experience or nuance of the human touch. It could be used to create schedules, organize storyboard concepts, edit copy and proofread, or create an image using specific criteria. Within various different industries such as film and television, music, design, digital marketing, fashion and more; AI also allows for a more personalized experience for consumers. By using AI as an analytical tool, companies and organizations can have a better understanding of their consumer habits and needs.

Terra Higginson, Principal Research Director, Info-Tech Research Group, offers insights not only for those in her industry of digital marketing, but also for those in other creative industries as well. She says, “Gen AI creates from the past, but it cannot create entirely new concepts. Humans will undoubtedly remain in the loop. Top skills for the future include problem-solving, critical thinking, innovation, and experiencing the world.

We recommend that companies establish an AI council to foster collaborative learning and guide a responsible AI strategy. Companies should disclose when they use AI. They can enhance trust in AI by promoting fairness and transparency and by reducing bias.”

Furthermore, she makes the observation

that “the waves of the change are already being felt by first movers. Early adopters will become leaders in AI tools and the mantra: ‘lead, don’t follow,’ has never been truer. Those who wait too long will become competitively irrelevant. Those that embrace cutting-edge AI tools now will create a competitive advantage, and help future-proof their careers by upskilling to using AI.” AI helps to create a level of efficiency - tasks that may have previously taken months to parse through, or are mundane and time consuming, can now be streamlined and completed much sooner.

This allows people to focus on the creative aspects of what they are working on. As the technology advances, it will mean that creatives must continue to rise to the challenge and adapt, building their own skills, helped by ever increasing utilization of technology.

Although AI is a unique tool – which is certainly changing the technology landscape across many industries, there are limitations that still require human involvement and decision making.

Technology and AI abilities will continue to change and evolve, but those within the creative space have always had resilience and tenacity. That will no doubt continue to be true, but in a slightly different and more technologically advanced way. // Winter 2023

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WHY CHOOSE US? Stevans Aviation was founded in 2018 and is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya. We operate a modern, state-of-the-art medium and longrange fleet of privately-owned aircraft. Capacity, inflight connectivity and level of comfort exceed the expectations of our customers.

With our own fleet of medium and wide-bodied aircraft, we are able to provide back-up aircraft to cover an owner’s maintenance events as well as market leading management proposals through utilising skills and experience learned from the breadth of previous operators.

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WEBSITE | www.i-sal.com PHONE | +254 759158710 EMAIL | info@i-sal.com ADDRESS | Wilson Airport Nairobi, Kenya

Luxury, Elegance and Safety Winter 2023

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tech & innovation

DR. HASAN AKRAM Innovation Excellence through Drive and Belief

Dr. Hasan Akram is the CEO of Matrickz GmbH, an automotive software company specializing in safety solutions, and is the mind behind Brainvincible GmbH, an enterprise dedicated to the enhancement of cognitive performance.

These are just two of his most well-known disruptive and immensely successful multi-million dollar enterprises across diverse industries. Moreover, he is an author, with his latest, "The Million Dollar Monk: The Spiritual Path to Entrepreneurial Abundance."

Photo courtesy of Dr. Hasan Akram

by Dave Gordon What’s the gist of Million Dollar Monk?

If you want to achieve something, the highest order is drive. This is something that cannot be taught at Harvard or any college. The second one is belief. No matter how much you try to have the drive, if you don’t believe in something, it’s just not going to work. Your belief system creates your reality. The final part is perseverance. A lot of people ask me, ‘how long will it take to achieve x.’ My answer is always, ‘As long as it takes you.’ I can’t guarantee that if you try you will achieve it. But I can tell you with absolute certainty that if you don’t try, it’s not going to happen on its own.

How has personal development helped you as a leader?

There will always be things you have to deal with. As a CEO, I’m a firefighter.

When things escalate to me, I have to deal with the worst of the worst. But if you are in a gratitude mindset, those things will not be as bad. There was a time when firing someone was a really hard job for me. But this is part of business. I do it with a gratitude mindset: knowing it’s best for that person, best for me, and doing it with the best intent, in a calm state.

What’s the latest with Matrickz?

We are working in the autonomous vehicle domain. We have worked in the AI space ever since the company was born 10 years ago.

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right. AI is not going to replace human beings; it’s going to enhance humans.

We could do six months of engineering in a few hours using AI. What we are looking for is franchise partners around the world that will take our AI education program and make it global, so the global productivity skyrockets.

Why haven’t you taken a vacation in two decades?

When you are in love with your craft, every day is a vacation. I’m living life on my own terms.

How did you, a guy with no entrepreneur skills or sales skills, go into business?

I wanted to be on my own. I was a computer scientist, so I had these skills.

I wanted to build something that would make me independent. I enjoyed my freedom. And it has allowed me to contribute to the world. I did it without understanding the baggage that comes with entrepreneurship. If I did know, it would probably scare me. I was fearless.

How do you offer upskilling opportunities?

I’m training everyone in AI. It’s always on the top of our priority. It’s not that we have a fixed program or training. Every couple of months there is something new coming. So, we have in my company something called the AI squad, always getting updated with new AI tools and technologies. And we are teaching them.

This is a constant process.

Summary Dr. Hasan Akram is a versatile visionary, with a remarkable portfolio that spans entrepreneurship, computer science, and leadership roles. As the CEO of Matrickz GmbH, a pioneering automotive software company specializing in safety solutions, he is at the forefront of revolutionizing automotive technology. Additionally, he is the brilliant mind behind Brainvincible GmbH, a trailblazing enterprise dedicated to the enhancement of cognitive performance through cutting-edge technology and innovative bio-hacking techniques.

At the core of Brainvincible's mission lies the aspiration to empower individuals in educational, athletic, and professional domains to elevate their communication and creativity skills to unprecedented heights.

Dr. Akram's journey commenced during his pursuit of a Ph.D. in computer science at Germany's prestigious Darmstadt University of Technology. It was there he embarked on his entrepreneurial odyssey, securing his first client, a prominent German automotive company specializing in braking system calculation software.

This initial foray into the automotive industry marked the genesis of his remarkable career.

Moreover, Dr. Akram is an accomplished author, with his latest, "The Million Dollar Monk: The Spiritual Path to Entrepreneurial Abundance," serving as a testament to his wisdom and profound understanding of the entrepreneurial journey. His unique perspective, combining the spiritual and the pragmatic, offers readers a holistic approach to achieving entrepreneurial success. //

tech & innovation

BAILEY PARNELL Human's Connection Matters

Bailey Parnell is the founder and CEO of Skillscamp, a TEDx speaker and one of Canada’s “Most Powerful Women.” After growing more concerned about the harm social media can cause youths, she started #SafeSocial, the only non-profit in Canada focused on harm reduction online. Parnell spoke with The Edge, A Leader’s Magazine about the non-profit, Skillscamp, and how workers might navigate a complex future.

by Kenny Hedges What was Skillscamp and #SafeSocial like during the pandemic? What did you learn?

If leaders didn't have to change during the pandemic, they [were] doing something [wrong]. There was a lot of self-reflection that should have been born out of that, and hopefully some reorientation, hopefully some human-centric reorientation. Before, our programs were still predominantly in-person.

Online was not asked for as much. [But] my undergrad was in media production, there were things that I learned that were very basic in terms of production that people were interacting with for the first time. That made [it] easier.

I actually built #SafeSocial in those months. I started researching digital well-being around 2012. During the pandemic seemed like the perfect time, when everybody was stuck inside and on screens all day, and on social media more than ever, feeling like that's how you have to connect. That also came with an influx of risks that comes with an over-activity on those networks.

With already 45 per cent of Gen Z stating that their ambition is to be an influencer, how do we encourage a more human-centric future?

Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity. One could argue that this has been a VUCA world before the pandemic, but that people are feeling it on a different level now. The rate of change is faster than it's ever been, but [our brains] are not keeping up with that rate of change.

Photo courtesy of Bailey Parnell

I am most worried about the next generation. All of my work is not actually for today. It's more importantly so that we can create a world that I'm proud to give to [young people]. It's my job through #SafeSocial to make sure that people understand what a highlight reel is, and it's a distortion of someone's reality.

The nature of social relationships have changed generationally. It wouldn't be useful to say, “Just get off social media,” because there are consequences for nonparticipation. I'm not an abstinence-based educator, more harm reduction. I do not expect an 11-year-old to know all [that], that's what we should be doing, and governments should be doing with big tech. And I believe this, young people can have this level of conversation about this.

For those of us with concerns, can AI be a hindrance to a future more harmonious workplace?

Tech like this, especially its current development level, is going to be used as a result of how humans decide to use it. As an optimist, AI could be used to solve all of the problems that we've created for ourselves. There's a lot of good that can come from it, but I am also very wary of leaders who are driven by greed. Late stage capitalism in general is inherently driven by greed. There's no metric that says you owe [shareholders] a better world. I do see a lot of leaders are going to be using Gen AI to basically maximize profits, not necessarily people.

We also can expect a re-unionization movement, like we just saw with the writers’ strike. There's going to be a reckoning where leaders are going to have to decide: What does it mean to be a good human?

What does the future of work look like for you, ideally?

I don't even think we've scratched the surface on what generative AI is going to do to the world of work. There are going to be jobs lost to generative AI. I don't want to cause fear — what I would want to inspire in people is more motivation. You should be preparing for this future. AI-assisted humans is likely going to be the next phase we enter.

Try playing around with it now. Your kids are probably already using it.

Obviously, I've staked my life's work on the fact that the skills of empathy, of emotional intelligence, of connections, others of being able to communicate will never not be important. Human connection at the end of the day is going to be the final thing. //

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TELECOMMUNICATIONS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES

ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS THAT ADD VALUE TO YOUR ORGANIZATION

CONTACT US (647) 995 4694 info@amsglobal.ca amsglobal.ca

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business

THE RISE OF REMOTE WORK

by Nick Dauk

Zoom. Microsoft Teams. Google Meet. Webex.

You’ve likely used at least one video conferencing systems this month.

But can you remember how often you used them prior to the coronavirus pandemic?

R

emote work is nothing new; the terms “telework” and “telecommuting” were coined in the 1970s, and there’s a case to be made that a form of “remote” working has existed for centuries.

But in the context of our post-pandemic workforce, remote working has increased exponentially.

Whether by technological incapability or company preference, roles that were once deemed impossible to hold outside of the office are suddenly being filled by professionals far from the office.

Sometimes, from across the world.

Let’s look at a brief history of remote work in the 20th century, examine how remote work has changed during the 21st century, and speculate how remote work may continue to rise.

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The Beginning of Remote Work in the 20th Century One might think that remote working got its start thanks to the development of personal computers, but the idea of modern day telecommuting got its start before computers turned our homes into office spaces. In the 1970s, physicist Jack Niles theorized that there are benefits to completing work outside of the office. As he watched traffic flow in and out of Los Angeles, he noticed that many people commuting to the office were unhappy, overworked, and stressed out.

Niles didn’t envision the work-from-home model that we have today. Rather, he theorized that being able to work from satellite offices closer to home could improve employee morale and productivity, as well as cut down on the negative environmental impact of roadway congestion.

According to Lawrence University, his alma mater, Niles conducted a telecommuting experience at an insurance company that resulted in increased employee productivity, decreased healthcare costs, and lower infrastructure costs.

And yet, with proof that telecommuting benefitted all parties involved, he still found that most employers sought to conduct operation with a business-as-usual approach.

Even 50 years ago, working out of the office was a hard sell.

The Rise of Remote Working in the 20th Century While teleworkers were present in the 1950s, ‘60s, and ‘70s, there was a substantial increase in the 1980s and 1990s, thanks to the rise of the information age. The increased application of the internet suddenly opened up a world of possibility for remote working.

In the 1990s, remote working was considered a hot trend, with many industry experts suggesting that employees were actually disadvantaged when working from home compared to their in-office peers. As the millennium arrived, the telecommuting trend decreased when more companies scaled back remote employees.

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industries facilitated a non-traditional work environment.

Still, employers often took a strong stance against remote working, whether that be for all roles or for some deemed essential in-office personnel.

Coronavirus Necessitates Remote Working Until AI and robots completely revolutionize the workplace, there will always be jobs that must be completed in person by hand. Take a look at telemedicine: having virtual checkups with your doctor is becoming more and more common, but you’ll still need a live surgeon to perform an operation in the hospital.

However, the coronavirus exposed the truth that many jobs, specifically those which were completed primarily over the phone or on a computer, could be easily accomplished outside of the formal office space. One study published by the University of Toronto Press Journals found that “41 percent of jobs in Canada can be performed remotely.”

In March of 2020, millions of people were suddenly forced to work from home. In Canada alone, Made In Canada found that 30 per cent of Canada’s workforce worked from their homes between April of 2020 and June of 2021.

And although many companies are now focusing on a returnto-office strategy, millions of employees have yet to return to the office.

Remote Working Beyond the 2020s Digital nomads are latest breed of teleworkers gaining popularity. Though the term is older than this millennium, digital nomads are still reaping the increased remote working opportunities that the pandemic created; this pairs with their desire to travel and pursue a lifestyle that cannot be facilitated with a traditional, in-office career.

Will today’s return to work mandates impact the long-term future of remote working? Unlikely.

Just as quickly as the trend declined, it increased once again between 2000 and 2010, then from 2010 to 2020.

Will the next generation of professionals still contend with employers who prefer in-office employees even when it’s not functionally necessary? Absolutely.

With nearly 50 years of remote work history to examine, it’s clear that telecommuting continued to rise in popularity – and even necessity – as emerging technologies and internet-based

If the rise of remote work over the last 50 years has taught us anything, it’s that employer preference will have the largest impact on its prevalence and potential. //

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business

SIX HABITS OF HIGHLY CREATIVE PEOPLE

by Joshua Cooper

C

reativity is seeing what others see and thinking what no one else ever thought. We all know a creative mind is a terrible thing to waste. This is never more true than in the business world. Companies are always on the lookout for that next rising star in people who will help turn them from yesterday’s news into today’s front-page gossip. Researchers are currently studying creativity, and have found that common stereotypes that people think of when imagining a creative person are just plain wrong. There are a myriad of ways to unlock the pathway to creative genius, but here are 6 essential habits that highly creative people share.

Stick to Schedule It is commonly thought that creative minds live life on a whim and loaf around, but the habits of highly successful creative minds say otherwise. Try sticking to a schedule so that you may be free to roam the confines of your mind every day. Sticking to a schedule will not only help you to feel more organized, but will allow you the time to fully understand your thoughts and come up with new and exciting ideas. This helps you replenish your creative stock. It’s also good for your physical health, so you’ll be helping yourself in more ways than one.

Fortress of Solitude A room of one’s own is a basic need for those with creative minds. Time spent alone in solitary reflection has a habit of feeding the creative mind. Our best ideas don’t tend to come to the forefront when we are in a conversation or otherwise engaged. This is because when our focus is directed outwards, our imaginative minds are sent in the rear-view mirror. It is essential that you make time for solitude to give yourself time to make new connections, reflect, and find meaning from your experiences to include within your business.

Exercise the Mind and Body Creative minds tend to not only focus on mental workouts, but physical ones as well. There are a myriad of studies pointing to the benefits of exercise on creativity. Feeling good puts you in the right frame of mind to focus and be productive.

Exercise also forces you into a down time with no connection to your social networks, which gives you time to focus on the task at hand. It should come as no surprise that many successful people were able to put a spot for exercise into their daily routines.

Say Yes/No to Everything It should come as no surprise that highly creative people have a habit of saying yes to things. Saying yes to almost anything allows them to open themselves up to new experiences, and allows them to explore their creativity. At the same time, highly creative people will more often say no to things, as they already have their plates full from saying yes earlier. These people are aware that spending time with other creatives, and having new experiences, are an essential aspect in boosting

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one’s creativity. By the same token, they are also able to see that they will have to sacrifice time with loved ones in order to see their vision come to life.

Any place, Anytime Most people tend to work from one place. This actually decreases your creative potential. If you are able to, change environments as frequently as possible. If you have a creative idea, you should put it into place as quickly as possible.

Documenting that creative idea may become the beginning of something special, and you may not know when it will come along.

Carpe Diem Highly creative people never let an idea pass by. They’ll decide later if it’s a good or a bad one, but they will always write down an idea as soon as they get it. So, if you want to be more creative, always keep a notepad with you, and write every idea that comes to your mind.

There are many ways that highly creative people operate, but the above are just a few. Whether that’s living with a notebook or phone right beside your bed so you can jot down any idea, giving a confirming yes or no answer to everything that pops by you, or having your own set-up workout routine, these are all habits that highly creative people follow and live by.

These are habits you should be on the lookout for, should you require a creative perspective in your business. A large part of the creative process is approaching things in a strategic way: Having a plan and being disciplined. You cannot hope to succeed if you have just an idea. //

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KYM REMPEL

Creating Special Experiences through Anto Yukon Kym Rempel recreates the beauty of Canadian landscapes through her bath product brand, Anto Yukon. But instead of capturing the landscape literally, Anto Yukon embodies the whimsy feelings the places evoke through colours, scents and artful packaging. The company’s products are made from all-natural ingredients that are locally collected and produced, and include soaps, essential oils, bath salts, and facial rubs.

Photo courtesy of Kym Rempel

by Marcus Medford When did you know you wanted to turn your soap-making passion project into a full-fledged business?

My previous career was in land management and there were lots of great things about the job, but I realized that policy is not my passion, I wanted something more creative.

So I quit my job and started doing Anto Yukon as a business in 2017. Honestly, it turned into a full-time job because the wholesale took off right away, so I wasn't really expecting that. I quit my job in May and by that Christmas, I was in Holt Renfrew stores. So, it really grew into almost more than a full-time job right away.

What are some of the important things that you’ve learned?

Some of the things that I was talking about were things like setting up bookkeeping, payroll, business licenses, and workers' compensation. All of these pieces that as a new business, you have to figure out A) figure out what you need to do, and B) how to do it.

That was really challenging. I've always been a big advocate for better networking with small business owners, because we're all putting in so much time to learn those things, and people already know what needs to be done. Having a better network to support emerging businesses would be great.

What have you learned about the landscape in Whitehorse through making soaps?

So incorporating ecology into soapmaking was really a fun thing to do, it's been really interesting. Wild harvesting ingredients definitely gives you a different perspective on the environment because you're watching weather patterns in a different way from everyone else.

What’s the process of getting from “this is a place I want to commemorate” to a beautiful bar of soap?

It works both ways for me. So I'm thinking about beautiful places, I'm thinking about ingredients that I want to use, and I'm thinking about both aesthetics and scent. Sometimes I'll think of a beautiful place, and I'll think “What can I do to bring this place to people?”

Whether it's through their own memory, or to bring someone to a place they’ve never been, through the smell of the place, or an ingredient or the look. That's a super fun and creative part of the job.

Is there a place or a soap that’s particularly meaningful to you?

I was fortunate enough to work for Kulane First Nation, and it’s definitely one of the most beautiful places that I've ever seen. So, I wanted to bring a piece of that to people, and it's a really special one for me.

Why did you make the decision to make soaps for specific occasions like birthdays, Christmas, Father’s Day or the pandemic?

That speaks to the idea that our soap is not just about washing yourself, it's about creating a moment. We create moments by making people think or experience places, but also wanting to connect with people experiencing moments.

A lot of people gift our soaps, and we have soaps that say, “Happy Birthday" and “Thank you.” I think being able to be included in people's special or important moments in their lives, and for people to feel that they're being gifted something beautiful and have that moment is something that aligns with our brand. //

Yukon’s been my home for a really long time, but I was raised across Canada, so bringing some of the southern places into the brand was fun.

For the northern places, Annie Lake is definitely a personal one because that's a rural area outside of Whitehorse that I live in, that was my personal nod to my personal favourite place. The other major one is Kulane –– that bar of soap is made from one of my favourite ingredients to collect, it's so beautiful.

One of the reasons that I took that approach was to incorporate some of the things from my previous career and some of my passions.

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STEWARD EDZIE Visionary Aviation Entrepreneur

Steward Edzie is a visionary entrepreneur in the aviation industry and co-founder of Inter Stevans Aviation (i-SAL). With a passion for providing safety, comfort, and luxury, Edzie has successfully built a premier private jet charter company that’s earned a reputation for customer satisfaction.

What was considered a rather ambitious idea turned into his very own reality. His journey serves as a reminder that with enough determination and grit, it’s possible to bring any dream to fruition.

Photo courtesy of Steward Edzie

by Jackie Marson What inspired you to start a private jet charter company?

I used to travel often with friends, and between the airport and layovers, it was always hectic. Fed up, I said, “I want to open my own private jet company someday” and everybody laughed.

I began researching private jets and registering with a company. I met a contact who had 75 jets. He sent one and told me to get accommodation for the crew. I even took the jet to Zambia with the crew. This trip gave me the chance to interact with the pilot, the cabin crew, and engineers. I ended up asking for the jet. Since I'd already registered with my company, I was able to keep it. From there, I started getting into it gradually and eventually built Inter Stevans Aviation. I named the company after my girlfriend and her son, the two most important people in my life.

How does i-SAL differentiate itself in terms of client service and experience?

Regardless of whether you are a musician, a celebrity, or a king, you are paying to receive a service, and we deliver the best possible experience to every client. To do this, we tailor our service to client requests. It could be a specific type of whiskey, or cuisine. We have the food, dessert, and drinks of their choice ready for each flight.

You cannot function without intelligent, hardworking staff. Our employees are extraordinary team players. We have a group that takes care of ground handling.

From car choice to drivers and hotel accommodations, they ensure the client is picked up and dropped off on schedule.

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We plan client trips around their busy schedules, so our team creates a calendar for our drivers and ensures it’s tabled into the car navigation system for a seamless experience.

The clients receive AVIP check-in and checkout. You don’t need to take your bag to the counter for security check.

We do that for you. Our crew makes sure you are settled comfortably on the plane.

We care about building relationships with our clients.

Can you share a challenging experience that influenced your approach to business in the industry?

How do you stay updated with the latest trends and technologies for your clients?

We are trying new technologies every day. An example is PAL Communication coming on board and bringing us a new way of approaching the market and incorporating new technologies into our way of doing business. We’ve also incorporated a Wi-Fi system into the aircraft so people don’t miss out on emails and can keep in touch with their business. We constantly update our system with new technologies for our navigation system to ensure the safety of the aircraft.

The aviation industry is challenging. It takes courage, costs a lot of money, and you have to prioritize the safety of the aircraft. If you are due for your maintenance cycle, you can spend $3 million on engines to get them back into service. One of the biggest challenges in the industry is when you’ve already checked and prepared an aircraft, and suddenly something happens. You have to cancel the trip and get another aircraft to service a client. The client can’t wait, they have to board a flight to get to their meeting. To mitigate this issue, we ensure we always have a backup aircraft.

What is most rewarding about your work?

Another challenge is that sometimes you have a client who comes in with a medical emergency. We train our staff extensively, so they know how to act firsthand in intensive emergencies. Our client’s well-being is in our hands, and we have to be prepared for every situation, the good, the bad, and the ugly.

By the next two years, we should be on almost every continent. We have a different branch of i-SAL, which has already been incorporated in Canada with a different name. We are moving from the private jet into giving passenger jets or commercial flight from Canada to West Africa. We are also looking at expanding cargo. //

If you have the passion to do your job, you’ll find everything exciting. I’d say the most rewarding aspect is seeing our customers happy. The added bonus is that by paying wages to the handler and all workers, you are helping them provide for their families. Nothing beats seeing the smiles on our workers’ faces when they’ve completed a flight.

What do you envision for the future of i-SAL?

Come and Visit the Emerald of the Equator INDONESIAN CONSULATE GENERAL IN TORONTO Address :129 Jarvis St, Toronto, ON, M5C 2H6 Phone :(416) 360-4020 Ext.2234 Fax :(416) 360-4295 E-mail :trade@indonesiatoronto.org Website :www.kemlu.go.id/toronto Winter 2023

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arts & culture

Tour Toronto’s Vibrant Street Art Scene

by Claire Sampson

A

rt comes in many different forms, but would you believe us if we told you that walking along the streets of Toronto can feel just as immersive as an art gallery? Ever since The City of Toronto implemented a program called StreetARToronto to reduce graffiti vandalism and promote street art to showcase local artists and encourage safe and vibrant streets, the streets of Toronto have become grounds for creative minds seeking to make their mark. Alleyways come alive with colour, neglected walls transform into captivating murals, and artistic expression has no limits.

Evidently, great artwork has the capacity to provide a different perspective depending on the eye of the beholder. So, while navigating through the bustling streets of Toronto, allow yourself to feel immersed by the stories and emotions that each piece uniquely conveys to you.

Come along with us as we take you on a blog-style tour of our favourite murals and traffic signal box artwork in Toronto!

This dynamic art form serves as a reflection of the city itself – ever-evolving, vibrant, and as a way to challenge norms, and serve as a reminder that creativity can flourish in even the most unexpected places.

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Animal Mural

Equilibrium

Stop one brings us to these soft pastel colour murals which are painted on the wall of the Meadowvale underpass at Zoo Road.

The second stop, located at 383 Jarvis Street, at the corner of Jarvis and Carlton, features a massive colourful masterpiece from top to bottom.

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Music Mural

This is Paradise Mural

Located at 423 Yonge Street, this piece showcases the portraits of many famous musicians.

A simple but unique mural located at 408 Queen St. West.

Make Good Mural Next, this busy but exciting mural located at 835 Bloor Street West cannot be missed.

The Unknown Mural Located at 290 Adelaide Street West on the corner of John and Adelaide, this mural has no name. Let your imagination wander and decide for yourself what meaning it provides to you!

Burt’s Bees Collaboration with Toronto’s Bee City Affiliation In 2016, Toronto became the first Canadian city to receive a “Bee City” affiliation. As a result, Burt’s Bees requested street artist Nick Sweetman, to paint the Green Sweat bee. Burt’s Bee’s helped to bring awareness to the community about the important role that pollinators play through officially sanctioned street art. This mural can be found at 2 Howland Avenue, at the corner of Howland Avenue and Bloor Street West.

Have we sparked your street art interest yet? Because we are only scratching the surface.

The City of Toronto has an interactive street art map that highlights all of the amazing street art scattered all over the city, including the initiative “Outside the Box”, which allows local artists to paint or wrap Toronto traffic signal boxes in their own creative way. Similarly, the goal of Outside the Box is to deter vandalism, reflect the diversity and character of the city of Toronto, and ultimately make the streets more visually appealing.

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Traffic Box 1

Traffic Box 3

Traffic Box 5

Located at Church Street and Wellesley Street East, the purpose of painting houses on this traffic signal box was intentional. The goal of the design was to simulate walking around the box so that it would feel the same as walking around the block, both having houses to pass by.

Created by artist Alice Zhang, the design incorporates all of the components that make up a community. Adding beauty and character to a traffic box, this design can be found at Sheppard and Greenbriar.

This traffic box is located at Eglinton Avenue and Kennedy Road. The artist’s intentions were to challenge the artistic norms, and I’d be lying if I said it didn’t live up to its intentions. I had to do a double take because the package looked TOO real.

Traffic Box 4 Traffic Box 2 Artist Thomas Dannenberg crafted this mosaic located at Maple Leaf Drive and Jane Street to represent the cultural diversity that Toronto embodies.

Created by Emily May Rose, this traffic box is located at College Street and Dovercourt Road, depicting a low-rise apartment building with fire escapes, and raccoons (a pesky Toronto staple).

Traffic Box 6 This traffic box, located at King Road and Weston Road, showcases a bicycle to complement the bicycles that hang from streetlamps in Weston.

This city is a living, breathing canvas celebrating the creative expression of the artists that crafted these murals. The undeniable artistic talent has revitalized dreary walls and neglected spaces to spark curiosity, ignite conversations, and wonder in anyone that dares to look up from their phone as they walk the city.

Toronto’s street art has the power to bring people from all walks of life together through a shared appreciation for creative expression. Now, I’ll leave you with this…If you were tasked to paint the next mural with beauty and character, what would you choose to create? //

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winners' circle

LESLIE FEIST Redefining Indie Music Few artists have carved such a unique and enduring niche in the indie music world as Leslie Feist, known simply as Feist. Hailing from Canada, this singersongwriter and guitarist has enthralled audiences with her enchanting voice, poetic lyricism, and genre-defying sound. With a career spanning over two decades, Feist is a beloved icon in independent music, leaving an enduring mark on the hearts of her fans.

Photo courtesy of Leslie Feist

by Maureen Simpson A Humble Beginning Born in Amherst, Nova Scotia, Canada, Feist grew up in a creatively inclined household. Her upbringing significantly influenced her artistic sensibilities.

From a young age, she exhibited a profound love for music, mastering the guitar and immersing herself in diverse musical styles, from folk to jazz.

Feist's career turned pivotal when she joined the alternative rock band Placebo as a backup singer in the late 1990s.

During this period, she gained valuable experience performing on more significant stages, refining her skills as a musician and vocalist.

The Breakthrough: "Let It Die" In 2004, Feist released her groundbreaking album, "Let It Die." This critically acclaimed record showcased her unique blend of folk, pop, and jazz influences.

Songs like "Mushaboom" and "Let It Die" garnered immediate attention for their intimate and soulful quality. Feist's velvety voice and poignant songwriting style earned her global recognition and admiration.

The album's success led to numerous awards and nominations, including Juno Awards and a Grammy nomination. "Let It Die" marked the inception of Feist's journey into the spotlight, establishing her as a formidable solo artist in her own right.

"The Reminder": A Cultural Phenomenon Following the triumph of "Let It Die," Feist released her third studio album, "The Reminder," in 2007. The album became a cultural phenomenon, featuring the hit single "1234."

"The Reminder" clinched four Juno Awards and received several Grammy nominations. Feist's maintained her indie authenticity while achieving commercial success, which has underscored her rare talent as an artist.

A Versatile Collaborator Feist's versatility as an artist is evident in her collaborations with other musicians.

She has collaborated with artists like Broken Social Scene, Wilco, and Kings of Convenience, contributing her distinctive voice and musical prowess to various projects.

Band Associations Feist was a prominent member of the Canadian indie rock collective Broken Social Scene. She contributed to their albums and performed with the band in various capacities.

Notable Performances In 2007, Feist's rendition of "1234" on "The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien" helped propel the song to mainstream success after being featured in an Apple iPod commercial.

She has graced prestigious stages like the Grammy and Juno Awards, where she has received nominations and accolades for her music.

Additionally, Feist has performed at renowned music festivals, including the Glastonbury Festival in the UK and Coachella in the United States, solidifying her reputation as a captivating live performer.

showcase her willingness to experiment with sound and explore new musical territories.

Awards and Recognition Feist has received numerous awards throughout her career, including several Juno Awards and Grammy nominations.

Her album "The Reminder" received widespread critical acclaim and was named one of the best albums 2007 by various publications.

Musical Resurgence and Upcoming Tour On February 14, 2023, Feist unveiled a glimpse into her musical evolution with the release of three new songs: "Hiding Out In The Open," "In Lightning," and "Love Who We Are Meant To." These tracks offered a captivating preview of her highly anticipated sixth studio album, "Multitudes," officially scheduled for release on April 14, 2023.

Feist revealed plans for an extensive North American and European tour to coincide with the release.

She recently showcased her collaborative spirit by lending her enchanting vocals to Hayden's album, "Are We Good."

Their mesmerizing duet on the single "On a Beach" showcased Feist's ability to elevate the work of her fellow artists.

Summary Whether gracing the stage or immersing herself in the studio, Feist consistently stands out as a prominent and influential figure in the music world. //

A Timeless Discography Over the years, Feist has consistently released albums that push the boundaries of genre and creativity. Albums such as "Metals" (2011) and "Pleasure" (2017)

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JON NEETER & JULIO RIVERA Inspiring diverse levels of players Renowned LA Tennis Professionals Jon, a former collegiate coach from Duke University, and Julio, an accomplished tennis coach with over two decades of experience, invested half a million dollars into The Santa Monica Pickleball center. Their visionary leadership inspires players of diverse skill levels and ages to participate in a dynamic and socially enriching sport.

Photo courtesy of Jon Neeter & Julio Rivera

by Jackie Marson Pickleball is considered the fastest growing sport in America. Why do you think it's becoming so popular?

Julio: I think the reason why people are attracted to pickleball is the accessibility.

To be able to play the threshold is very low. People get a chance to do something physical, that doesn't take a whole lot of acute skill.

It allows people of all different ages and abilities to do the sport together. It's a great unifier of families and communities.

People want to spend time together, and this is an activity that doesn't take professional time and commitment to start to play.

Jon: It's very inclusive and welcoming.

When new players come into it, there's a culture of we're all on the same team.

With other sports like tennis, if you’re at a different level, it’s hard to have fun playing with someone else. But with Pickleball, you can play it on different levels. Part of the culture is socializing.

What strategic decisions have you made to ensure it offers the best possible experience?

Jon: We've made a full transition from tennis to pickleball. We've moved our facility and tennis stuff off to public and private courts on the outside.

We've created opportunities where people can pay to have their own court, bring their own groups in, whether it's small groups of people, corporate events, and guarantee that they're going to play a lot when they come here.

If you go to a public park, you might wait around 45 minutes to play a 20-minute game, and then you're sitting for another

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40 minutes to play again. That's one of the big differences with our center.

Would you be able to speak on your inventory of pickleball equipment and what makes it so excellent?

Jon: We have, what we've been told is the biggest selection in the country, the largest inventory of a retail specialty shop. The idea was to be a place where you could get virtually everything.

You brought up the best paddle, which is the paddle of Jamie Fox and his business partner Taylor Chin, a super popular one around here. We do a big demo program where you can take the paddles out of our shop and test them there. We also do in-store demos and on our courts in the back.

Julio: Jon and I wanted to make a big splash. We understand what's important to people in this industry. We wanted to make sure that we had everything for everyone, and we wanted to be known as a true authority in the space of pickleball.

We want it to be everything for everyone.

What is a core principle or value that you consistently instill in those that you teach?

Julio: If you're not out here to have some fun, then you're in the wrong place.

The world is serious enough, and there needs to be more of a focus on personal health, and the ability to have a good time. If you allow us a few minutes of your time, we'll make sure that you have a blast and keep coming back.

Jon: We have every different kind of client here, so it's important to be able to accommodate every level. And that's not an easy task. Julio routinely trains

professional players, and up and coming players that will be at the top of the game of pickleball in a year or two time.

We've had people come in here and never played sports. They feel uncoordinated.

We can accommodate that too. To be welcoming and respectful to each different level. Not to treat anybody differently is important to us.

Can you share a pivotal piece of advice that has led you to where you are today?

Jon: A great client of mine helped me financially to get the business started.

He said “don’t screw it up” when he loaned me the money 14 years ago. In a service-based business that does quite a lot of volume, you have to be on top of all the details all the time.

You can't let them escape your head.

It's the little things that can set you apart from feeling like a McDonald-ized corporate experience. What we don't want is to lose the mom-and-pop feel and aspect to it that Julio and I have developed. Because then you're just like everybody else. //

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ALTHEA CLARKE A Unique Voice

Althea Clarke moved to Canada when she was a child and built her own success story. After earning certificates in business operations and hairstyling, she opened her own salon, which she ran for more than a decade in her adopted hometown of Calgary. She parlayed that success and her unique personality into her own TV interview show, Island Tea with Althea, which is broadcast across Canada on Rogers’ OMNI TV. She took some time out of her schedule to speak with The Edge, A Leader’s Magazine.

Photo courtesy of Althea Clarke

by Shirley Graham You ran your own business for many years before your TV show. What did you learn as an entrepreneur that has helped you on your show?

You learn to give thanks to God first thing in the morning so that you can succeed the rest of the day, and you’re going to reap the benefits sometime, some way.

I learned that business is difficult, first and foremost, and I believe that it has to be a team effort. I found it difficult when I first started, not knowing how to relate to my staff.

You’ve said that you’ve been inspired by failure because it makes you work harder. Can you elaborate on that?

The team is important because they make a big part of your business, so I think [that] team-playing was big for me. Leadership is important; you need to have leaders.

If there are people who are not likeminded or on the same page you have to cut them loose – because the price could be the growth of your business, or even losing your business altogether.

You have a very unique interview style. How did that come about, and what does it add to your show?

I’ve always been a unique person. I think [that] if you are gifted with a certain talent or purpose, it comes out naturally. If you were born a great cook, you can still burn something – but if you continue to develop that skill, then you’ll really see it’s something you were born with.

It was made for you. Purposeful.

How do you feel this adds to your show?

I believe that [my style] touches people, and that’s really important to me. I like to share my values because I do think they’re good values. For instance, I think inspirational thoughts every day; I meditate, I pray, and I enforce positive thoughts in my mind.

Yes. I have failed many times in my life, and I didn’t understand my failure and I didn’t understand why I was failing.

There were times that I thought I was cursed, that I had bad luck on me, that I thought I wasn’t a good person, but as I investigated and continued to pray and meditate, I realized that all my failures were my successes. They did not define who I would become.

So, failure is a part of all of us, it is what grows us, because I think [that] if we succeeded in everything we did, we would be bored. We wouldn’t see the value in success, we wouldn’t be thankful, and we probably wouldn’t continue pushing, so failure becomes our success.

What’s your experience been like bringing some “island” flavor to your community in Calgary?

It’s been tremendously hard. Our community can be hard; we are stubborn, and everyone can’t be the same thing.

Some of us have to be doctors, some have to be lawyers, [and] some have to be dentists, but we can’t all have the same spots.

If we do have the same spots, there’s a lot of room for us to grow, but for some reason our culture doesn’t seem to get it. We’re still working really hard to get the support from the Caribbean and the African community in Calgary. But I believe with hope and faith anything is possible. It’s one race, one nation, right?

Anything is possible.

What are your long-term goals for the show?

How did your experience of moving to Canada at a young age shape you as an entrepreneur?

My long-term goal for my TV show is to show unity, to show our community that we all can be successful, we all can be talented, and I’m hoping that I can bring us together by integrating the government with the community, by inspiring different interests in AfroCaribbean people.

I believe that growing up, going through a lot of defeat and knowing that I wanted better than what I saw around me and where I’m coming from, I wanted to do better, I just wanted to be better. I didn’t want to be left without; I didn’t want to just exist.

For me, that’s the fight right now: to realize that we are important, we are loved, and we are special. The word is “unity.” I just want unity among black people because once we achieve that, we will be unstoppable. //

It didn’t have anything to do with [the place] I came from because I came here very young. I just knew I wanted to be remembered as a magnificent person.

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THE BENEFITS OF INTEGRATING THE ARTS INTO CURRICULA

by Robyn Karmazyn

T

he topic of educational curriculum isn’t new. But the discussion surrounding what we teach our kids in school makes sense — it can lay the foundation for their learning (without being hyperbolic) for the rest of their lives. So, what should they study? What will be useful to them long term as they grow into adulthood?

Although artistic subjects have often been dismissed as easy “bird” courses, and the first ones threatened to be cut by governments, they are truly important to help prepare children for growing up.

Home Economics When we think of home economics, cooking and sewing are likely the main considerations that come to mind.

These alone are perfectly useful and important skills for our children to learn in school, and yet the subject seemed to have been thoughtlessly removed at some point from curricula. Nowadays, this subject typically includes financial management, housing, nutrition, and child/home development. Exposing them to this variety might even lead them to explore career paths they would not have previously considered.

Woodworking If your child ultimately becomes an architect or contractor, woodworking is an obviously helpful foundation in their curriculum. But regardless of the profession they practice down the road, this subject teaches incredibly useful skills to adapt to the real world. Using tools and being able to build their own furniture, make repairs around the home, and so forth — especially once they live on their own — will be invaluable. Using their hands may also spark some joy that translates into a useful and profitable trade as they grow up.

Fine Art Art is a common outlet for all of us. At the very least, how many people have an inclination for doodling? Fine art class is important in allowing children to express themselves — whether through painting, drawing, or other materials. It encourages them to be creative, think outside the box, and perhaps even “lose themselves” in their work. Today, artistic careers are also not limited to visual art, but so many other technological versions that have a great deal of longevity. Your child may just choose a career in graphic design, web design, interior design, or furniture restoration.

Music No matter what subjects your child excels in or what profession they end up in, you will likely find they have an interest in music. Music is universal — with such a wide range of genres in general and songs in particular that provide a sense of therapy to people, no matter their walk of life. Slow jazz can help your kids relax, classical might help them concentrate, pop will likely boost their mood, and classical rock may provide some positive nostalgia for us (their parents). Although it has always been challenging to find big success in related careers, a musically gifted child could be someone who “makes it” in this field (whether as a singer, musician, or composer).

tangible solution, but not something everyone naturally understands how to do. Therefore, it can be extremely valuable to learn — not to mention the sense of accomplishment your child may feel in literally helping life grow.

Art in Curricula Integrating arts like home economics, woodworking, fine art, music and horticulture into school curriculum has many benefits for students. Gone are the days of simply focusing on academic science, math, history and English — kids need to learn life and coping skills, too! While these subjects may have been previously disregarded as unimportant, we are realizing that they can ultimately be relevant and necessary as they become adults. //

Horticulture While most kids’ experience with horticulture in school is limited to bringing home a seedling, learning how to plant and grow their own gardens would truly come in handy for their adulthood.

Food is one of many items where we see inflation, but particularly lately, we have seen a steep rise in the cost of food. Growing one’s own food is a

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NAVIGATING CHALLENGES IN THE CREATIVE AND CULTURAL INDUSTRIES

by Shirley Graham

I

n a world that thrives on creativity and cultural diversity, the creative and cultural industries play a pivotal role in shaping our societies. From the mesmerizing strokes of a painter's brush to the rhythmic beats of a musician's composition, these sectors provide a tapestry of experiences that enrich our lives.

Beneath the surface of this vibrant world lies a complex web of challenges that often hinder the growth and sustainability of these industries. In this policy-oriented article, we'll explore common obstacles the creative and cultural sectors face, and investigate potential solutions to ensure continued vitality.

Funding and Financial Stability Among the most pressing challenges for the creative and cultural industries is the constant struggle for funding and financial stability. These sectors often rely on grants, sponsorships, and ticket sales, making them vulnerable to economic downturns and fluctuations in public support. Authorities must consider implementing financial support mechanisms, tax incentives, and grants tailored explicitly to these sectors. Encouraging private sector partnerships and promoting crowdfunding can also bolster financial stability.

Intellectual Property and Copyright Infringement The digital age has introduced new challenges regarding intellectual property and copyright infringement. Artists, writers, and creators often find their work disseminated without proper attribution or compensation. Robust copyright laws are essential to protect creators' rights and foster innovation. Moreover, education and awareness campaigns can help the

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policies

Funding and Financial Stability

Access to Markets and Globalization

Among the most pressing challenges for the creative and cultural industries is the constant struggle for funding and financial stability. These sectors often rely on grants, sponsorships, and ticket sales, making them vulnerable to economic downturns and fluctuations in public support. Authorities must consider implementing financial support mechanisms, tax incentives, and grants tailored explicitly to these sectors.

Encouraging private sector partnerships and promoting crowdfunding can also bolster financial stability.

The creative and cultural industries thrive on global collaboration and exchanging ideas. However, barriers to entry into international markets and protectionist policies can limit the opportunities for artists and creators.

Policymakers can reduce trade barriers, promote cultural exchange programs, and simplify visa processes to facilitate international mobility for artists and cultural practitioners.

Intellectual Property and Copyright Infringement The digital age has introduced new challenges regarding intellectual property and copyright infringement.

Artists, writers, and creators often find their work disseminated without proper attribution or compensation.

Robust copyright laws are essential to protect creators' rights and foster innovation. Moreover, education and awareness campaigns can help the public understand the importance of respecting intellectual property.

Diversity and Inclusion Diversity and inclusion are critical to the growth and sustainability of the creative and cultural industries. Systemic barriers often prevent underrepresented communities from fully participating in these sectors. Elected officials can address this issue by supporting initiatives that promote diversity in hiring, representation, and funding allocation.

Investment in cultural education and mentorship programs can also help bridge the gap.

Technological Advancements and Adaptation Technology has revolutionized the creative and cultural industries, offering new avenues for creation and distribution.

However, not all individuals and organizations have the resources or knowledge to adapt to these changes.

Authorities should invest in digital literacy programs and provide incentives for adopting technology in creative processes. Additionally, supporting innovation hubs and incubators can foster a culture of technological adaptation within these sectors.

Pandemic Resilience The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the vulnerability of the creative and cultural industries to external shocks. Lockdowns and restrictions led to event cancellations, closures of cultural institutions, and loss of livelihoods for countless artists and workers. Policymaking bodies should prioritize the development of contingency plans and financial relief measures to help these sectors weather future crises and ensure their resilience.

Education and Training In addition to the challenges mentioned above, education and training are critical aspects of the creative and cultural industries. Many artists and cultural practitioners lack access to quality education and training programs, limiting their potential for growth and innovation.

Investment in educational infrastructure can provide scholarships and create vocational training opportunities to nurture talent and enhance skills within these sectors.

The creative and cultural industries are fundamental to our cultural heritage and economic vitality. However, they face numerous obstacles that threaten their growth and sustainability. To overcome these challenges, we must address funding issues, strengthen intellectual property protection, promote diversity and inclusion, facilitate international collaboration, embrace technology, ensure pandemic resilience, and invest in education and training.

Our elected representatives and policymakers must create an environment where these industries can thrive and enrich our lives for future generations.

Recognizing the value of these sectors, we must work collectively to overcome the hurdles they face and contribute to the prosperity of our societies. //

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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS––HOW THE RIGHTS OF CREATIVES ARE PROTECTED

by Chinenye Emezie

I

ntellectual property refers to the creative work or invention of an individual or group of persons. In the creative industry, it is the rights of creators to their work. This is often as a result of applying their thoughts and ideas, and expressing them into tangible physical work that can be seen and used by others for entertainment or other benefits.

It is common knowledge that from the moment a written project is created, it becomes the property of the writer, and whoever needs to quote, borrow the words, or cite anything in the body of the written work, or project must first seek the permission of the creator, either directly, or through their appointed representative. To put this into context –– let’s assume a writer set out to write, and afterwards loans the computer he wrote this material to someone –– or, perhaps, they mistakenly email this content to say, another writer or creator –– if this other writer decides to copy from this work, either in part or full to recreate their own work, they’re essentially infringing on the rights of the original writer.

Under litigation, what the original writer needs to produce is the time and date stamp of such material (which is commonplace if using a computer) as proof that they’re the original creator of the work, and the case will be ruled in their favour, with repercussions to the property thief. Taking what you haven’t written and passing it off as your own is known as intellectual theft, and carries consequences depending on the severity and stipulated guideline of the governing body in the location the incident occurred. However, expressed ideas, no matter how original –– are not covered by copyright laws, because ideas aren’t in tangible form.

Ultimately, in other categories of the creative arts, say for instance video editing, filmmakers, photographers, etc., they have to protect their work

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The rights of artists and creatives are protected by governing bodies of the locations where the artists are located or situated.

We need to be aware that intellectual rights in the context of writing –– or as it relates to the entertainments arts, and publishing –– essentially, artists and published authors, is otherwise known as copyrights.

within the legal remedies available in their locality. In a broader context, laws governing Intellectual Property deal with the protection of rights that accrue to the creators and/or co-creators of the created piece of work. Intellectual property deals with five areas including trademark, patents, competition and trade secrets, rights of publicity, and copyright.

Copyright Act in its various forms are the primary laws governing intellectual property, and mainly deals with protecting artistic works of creatives including literary works, artistic, dramatic and theatrical, musical, architecture, photography, computer programs and a host of other creative forms. Note that this is different from Industrial Act which is where industrial designs, patents, and trademarks are covered, in some locations.

Basically, the created work which is the intellectual property of the creative belongs to them exclusively, with the exception being when such work was created for transfer of rights to someone else, or a creative was commissioned to create work for someone else. Other than these exceptions, all intellectual property relies with the creator. And they have the right to use the property at will, own the right to transfer, or trade the rights.

They have the right to prevent anyone from using their property without their expressly written permission.

As a creative, caution is advised when seeking inspiration from any created work

by other artists, as this can unwittingly result in an infringement of the intellectual property of the original creator. This can even be as simple as making derivative works of said materials –– sometimes citing and crediting the original creator isn’t enough to protect you from infringing on their intellectual property right. For instance, photographed work belongs to the photographer, except in cases where there’s an agreement between the photographer and their client.

Recourse can be sought on the part of the original creator of a stolen work by reporting the work for an infringement, either through an injunction, payment of damages, and unlawful profits made from the infringement of their rights.

A popular one that comes to minds is the case between award winning British singer and songwriter Sting, and popular Hip-pop star Diddy who “sampled’ the former’s single without permission and was rightly sued to make huge damages.

Besides payment of damages, It's not uncommon for an infringement to be classified a criminal offence punishable by criminal sanctions. For instance in certain locations, an infringement of any rights protected under the governing copyright law can fetch perpetrators years in prison, some as long as ten years, in lieu of damages, and sometimes even both. //

policies

HON. JEAN AUGUSTINE A Legacy in Politics, Education, and Social Justice Hon. Jean Augustine's commitment to public service extends to advocacy for victims of domestic violence, women, children, and marginalized communities across Ontario and Canada. As a seasoned politician, she was pivotal in nurturing political alliances and diplomatic relations. Augustine's voice continues to resonate through her ongoing involvement in numerous local and national initiatives. We had the privilege of conversing with her about her remarkable journey.

Photo courtesy of The Edge

by Rebekkah Nembhard Throughout your career dedicated to public service, could you share some of the most significant challenges and the critical successes you've achieved?

In the early stages of my career in education, the landscape was notably different. School boards had limited communication with parents, and parental involvement was not as robust as today.

Moreover, the absence of representation of Black and Indigenous people in the curriculum modules I was teaching was a significant concern. However, I recognized that my role as an educator placed me in a unique position to address these issues.

As the Fairness Commissioner, collaborative efforts were essential as we worked with other provinces, bringing various regions and countries into alignment with our initiatives.

In 1995, you led the unanimous vote to designate February as Black History Month in Canada. How does this reflect your cultural heritage then and today?

Broaching the topic of social justice was challenging, but it was a task I felt compelled to undertake.

As a Black woman, I never allowed gender, equality, or race to become obstacles during my tenure as a cabinet minister. I remained assertive and proud of my identity. We addressed any microaggression swiftly, fostering candid conversations with those responsible. It's crucial to recognize my intersectionality; I was a woman, Black, an immigrant, and a Catholic. When faced with adversity, I would question which intersectionality was in play and assert my purpose with unwavering confidence.

How can we ensure that corporations and governments implement and comply with diversity initiatives?

Everyone must adhere to the principles embedded in our legal framework. The Charter of Rights expressly prohibits discrimination based on age, religion, and more. In addition to the Charter, we have various statutory tools, including the Canadian Human Rights Act, the Canadian Bill of Rights, the Employment Equity Act, the Canadian Multiculturalism Act, the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, and the Citizenship Act. But we can enact policies to ensure equitable treatment for all.

What is your perspective on the Canadian government's approach to policy and execution in response to the pandemic?

I applaud the Canadian government for its adept handling of the pandemic and its consequences. It's heartening to acknowledge that governments at all levels worked collaboratively, transcending partisan divides. Notably, the federal government heeded the counsel of scientists and based its actions on their recommendations. If I were to offer a rating, I would commend the federal government with full marks for their participation, approach, and policy decisions.

In light of the collective hardships brought about by the pandemic, what lessons have we learned as a nation?

Globally, the pandemic-induced dissonance compelling us to introspect and grapple with challenges without physical community interactions. It underscored the global village concept — what affects one impacts all. Moreover, the pandemic highlighted the pivotal

role of women in our society, whether as caregivers to children and seniors, educators, or nurturers in homes or virtual spaces. It shed light on the essential workers in Canadian society, putting faces to doctors, epidemiologists, and healthcare personnel.

If you were still in your Member of Parliament role today, what changes or initiatives would you champion for the greater good?

If I were in Parliament today, I would advocate for increased non-partisan collaboration. Our presence needs to be pervasive, with more of us serving as role models for the younger generation.

In our communities, we should see representation from city councillors, Provincial Parliament members, federal members, and trustees — all those we elect to represent us.

You've established the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, and run the Centre for Young Women's Empowerment. How effective is this outreach program?

Giving back and sharing knowledge is paramount, and I believe in passing the baton. It's vital for young people, particularly girls, to have the opportunity to develop, learn, and reach their full potential with unwavering self-assurance.

Education for girls has always been a cause dear to my heart. Through my work in Etobicoke-Lakeshore, I witnessed many young girls who benefited from programs that boosted their self-confidence, selfworth, and aspirations.

Jean Augustine's legacy inspires and resonates in pursuing social justice, equality, and empowerment. Her unwavering dedication to these causes is a beacon of hope for future generations. //

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Infographic

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economics

HOW DIGITAL INNOVATION IS DRIVING THE 21ST CENTURY CREATIVE SPACE

by David Messiha

D

igital innovation is taking our world by storm. As our world is fully invested virtually, many are turning to digital devices and streaming services for education and entertainment. Facilitated by advanced technology like artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud computing, these smart innovations not only fuel business growth but also reshape our society. From movie streaming providers to digital e-readers, here is a breakdown of the most popular platforms driving the creative industry.

The Top Streaming Services

How many streaming services are available around the world?

232 million subscribers 200 million subscribers

200+

146.7 million subscribers

There are more than 200 streaming services.

76.8 million subscribers 63.4 million subscribers

Netflix is the most popular streaming service in the world. With over 232 million subscribers, Netflix is growing by the day.

The streaming service is also the most popular choice for millions of subscribers in Canada and the United States.

With over 146.7 million subscribers globally, Disney Plus has already amassed a huge following. Its all-time favourite classic movies like Star Wars, The Mandalorian, and Peter Pan & Wendy have gained more popularity in the height of pandemic.

With over 200 million subscribers, Prime Video is becoming the go-to platform for popular blockbusters with original content featuring gems like The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, Jack Ryan, and Lord of the Rings.

HBO Max and Discovery have recently merged and are now known as MAX. The streaming service bundles all of the HBO series together with more all-time favourite movies that left an indelible mark on the audience. By the end of 2021, HBO and HBO Max had a combined total of 73.8 million paying global subscribers. At the end of 2022, HBO had 76.8 million global subscribers.

There are more than 63.4 million Paramount+ subscribers around the world. The streaming service has been around since 2014 under the name CBS All Access.

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economics

How Much is the Global video Streaming Service Market Worth?

The global video streaming service is valued at US $50.11 billion in 2020 and rose to US$60.1 billion by 2021.The market is expected to grow annually by 21 per cent between 2021 and 2028 at an estimated value of US$330 billion by 2030.

US$330 US$50.11 billion

US$60.1 billion

billion

2020

2021

2030 (EST.)

Streaming Services in Canada vs. United States What Percentage of US/Canadian households have Paid TV? In 2021, 67 per cent of US households had a paid TV subscription. As of April 2023, 80 per cent of Canadian households watched ad-supported video on demand as online streaming services and platforms gradually pushed cable providers out of the market.

PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD WITH SUBSCRIPTIONS

How much is the Global Music Streaming Market worth?

The value of the worldwide music streaming market was US$29.4 billion in 2021 and US$34.53 billion in 2022. It is expected to increase by US$14.7 million between 2022 and 2030, reaching a total of US$103.07 billion by 2030. The US streaming market alone is valued at US$9.2 billion and is expected to increase by 13.3 per cent for the same period.

VS 67%

80% 2021 US$29.4 billion

Radio Facts: Canada vs. UK Canada

87% of Canadians listen to radio

2022

US$34.53 billion

2023

US$103.07 billion

Toronto 5.87 million listeners Vancouver 2.46 million listeners 1. 87 per cent of Canadians listen to radio.

2. Considered the main radio market in Canada, Toronto claims the highest average radio audience with more than 5.87 million listeners as of 2021. Vancouver has the second highest audience with 2.46 million listeners.

3. FM radio generally accounts for 83 per cent of the commercial revenue, with AM radio generating the rest.

UK

66% of population having access to a DAB radio in uk In the UK, in terms of reach, reports document that about 41 million adults from the ages of 15 and above tune in to radio weekly via digitally enabled platforms like Smart Speaker, DAB, DTV, App, etc., with the majority of the population (about 66%) professing to having access to a DAB radio.

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Music Streaming Services Canada vs. United States United States Half of young adults between the ages of 18 and 29 stream music every day. 2019 was a milestone for the music streaming industry, with on-demand music streaming in the US passing more than one trillion.

Canada Between 2019 and 2022, paid music streaming services more than doubled in Canada. According to data collected

by Vividata, 10 per cent of Canadians were paying for music streaming services in 2019, compared to 22 per cent in 2022.

economics

Which Devices do Consumers use Most for Streaming Music?

Eighty per cent of users listen to paid streaming services via mobile devices. Smart TVs and smart speakers such as Amazon’s Alexa and Google Home are used by 41 per cent of paid music streamers. In-car entertainment accounts for only 24 per cent of users. Computers still make up a good percentage of users at 39 per cent.

Spotify VS. YouTube

Spotify is the world's most popular audio streaming service, with more than 574 million users and 226 million subscribers in more than 180 markets.

YouTube has more than 2.70 billion monthly active users as of 2023. YouTube Premium and Music both have more than 80 million subscribers in the world. Around half of internet users around the world have access to YouTube.

What is the Most Popular e-Reader?

Amazon’s Kindle dominates the market in the United States.

e-Readers

E-reader Statistics

E-books VS. Printed books

Audio books

Before the pandemic, a steady rise of e-reader platforms was seen, a phenomenon that took the book and reading world by storm.

In 2018, Amazon reported selling close to 90 million e-readers.

191 million e-books were sold in the United States in 2020.

By 2027, Statista projects the number to grow to 1.2 billion.

In January 2023, eBook sales in the US experienced a 3.7 per cent increase, resulting in US$85 million generated revenues.

Audio books are a pleasure to listen to especially when you are busy with another task like driving, working-out, or cleaning. Since the birth of radio, audio books started a listening revolution. //

SOURCES https://www.cloudwards.net/streaming-services-statistics/ https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/reviewed/2023/05/19/national-streaming-day-most-popular-streaming-servicesranked-netflix-disney/70235316007/#:~:text=1.,the%20most%20popular%20streaming%20service. https://www.comwave.net/residential/blog/top-streaming-services-in-canada-comparison-guide/ https://www.statista.com/topics/4740/amazon-prime-video/#topicOverview https://www.demandsage.com/disney-users/#:~:text=Disney%2B%20has%20146.7%20million%20subscribers,billion%20 in%202023%20so%20far. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_(streaming_service)#:~:text=By%20the%20end%20of%202021,had%2076.8%20million%20 global%20subscribers. https://www.rajar.co.uk/docs/news/RAJAR_DataRelease_InfographicQ32022.pdf https://www.finder.com/ca/streaming-services-canada#:~:text=Between%202019%20and%202022%2C%20the,compared%20 to%2022%25%20in%202022. https://newsroom.spotify.com/company-info/#:~:text=We%20are%20the%20world's%20most,in%20more%20than%20 180%20markets. https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/youtube-users-statistics/#:~:text=YouTube%20has%20more%20than%20 2.70,world%20have%20access%20to%20YouTube. https://www.pcmag.com/picks/the-best-ereaders#:~:text=Amazon's%20Kindles%20dominate%20the%20ebook,Kobo%2C%20 Nook%2C%20and%20Onyx.

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