Farming in Different Seasons

lated. Therefore, he suggested adapting the water quality management and feed management to particular seasonal conditions. “And what very important is the management of organic matter in ponds, because all shrimp diseases stem from these organic matter problems. Why? Because if the accumulation of organic matter at the

Farmers’ Efforts

Various efforts continue to be done by farmers to maximize cultivation in each different season. As done by Bobby for example, starting from measuring the carrying capacity of organic material input, balancing organic material input with the water circulation capacity, using dominant in each season. pond bottom increases, it will also trigger an increase in vibrio population, decomposing activity increases, and toxic metabolites such as ammonia, nitrite, and hydrogen sulfide. All of these can then affect the stress level of shrimp,” explained Wayan. According to Snieszko, Wayan added, these multiple stress factors can affect diseases that usually occur in the dry season to appear such as IMNV and CMNV. Strict implementation of biosecurity protocols is also critical to prevent cross-contamination between ponds and between farms he explained. aerobes/facultative aerobes bacterias, increasing the possibility of removing gas residues through water changing process, and using good quality fry. Speaking specifically about fry, Bobby admitted that he is very selective and only uses the best fry (considering factors such as active movement, average size, low mortality, and defective traits), and he also needs a statement letter from testing labs explaining that the fry is free of pathogens and viruses. Bobby also emphasized the importance of controlled feed management and the administration of inputs in accordance with the needs of the water quality parameters

Bobby also records the daily cultivation data of each cycle in order to have supporting data for the carrying capacity limit. That way hopefully they can adapt their feeding regimes (organic input) so it can be timely and accurate in quantity. “In Cultivation, one must be observant and vigilant in monitoring any changes in water quality parameters from the water source, in the ponds, and the environment. We must be careful in determining what applications are needed to support water quality improvements,” Bobby explained.

Our sources also provided some additional insights into these changing seasons. Wayan explains that the condition in Indonesia, which is a tropical country, allows farmers to carry out shrimp farming throughout the year in all regions without exception. He adds that only several areas on the southern coast of Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, and NTT are affected by the cold temperatures resulting from winter in the southern hemisphere from July until September. These cold temperatures, however, can still be mitigated by implementing adequate feed management and water management. From the economic side, Narendra observed the trend of shrimp prices had fallen. He proposes that maybe in the future shrimp farming can be run with a shorter cultivation period and smaller size so that in one year it can achieve the maximum possible harvest.