AR1329 Task 1 Report

Group 4-7 Year 2 | Semester 2 BA Arch Department of Architecture School of Design and Environment National University of Singapore AY2022/2023

Task 1.

Measuring & Experiencing

AR1329 | Climate. Ecology & Architecture Prof. Heinzelmann Florian Mr. Joel Lau Huang Zitao A0239208A Xu Chenxiao A0239094X Wang Tianyun A0238022R Zhang Xuanqi A0236544A

SECTION 1 | SITE ANALYSIS Oasis Terraces

SECTION 2 | 4 CONDITIONS Forest Park

CONTENTS

Aircon Alley Sealed Surface

SECTION 3 | INDIVIDUAL ROOM Zitao's Room at PGPR Chenxiao's Room at RVRC Tianyun's Room at RC4 Xuanqi's Room at Jurong East HDB

SECTION 1 | SITE ANALYSIS

Oasis Terraces

Site Location

The new neighbourhood centre and polyclinic at Punggol was envisioned together by, “Serie Architects” and “Multiply Architects” in 2017.

The design concept is to construct a light and open frame that accommodate multiple programs and functionalities, in conjunction with the slopped terrace that knit together the community and the landscape.

Punggol Waterway

50m+ HDB Blocks

Sitting among high-rise HDB blocks, Oasis Terraces faces the Punggol waterway and link up with the free large green land on its west.

Free Green Land

N

Builing Massing and Design Concept

Rendered view of 11am on Jan 27, 2023, the date of site visit

The C-shape massing creates a self-shading effect for the central "courtyard".

The central green area slopes down towards the waterway, allowing for light and air to penetrate the building.

On the waters edge is an 800sqm sheltered community plaza with a 4-storey-tall column-free clear space.

Programs and Facilities

A

Garden Cabana Deck

Jumping Water Jets Community Plaza B

Hammock Deck

Rain Garden

Water Playground

Polyclinic

Foodcourt

Shops

A

B

Annual Sunpath and Shadow Patterns

September 1700

Oberservation and Findings: In March and September, the sun is exactly above the Equator and travels along a similar sunpath. The terrace and roof experiences more direct and stronger sunlight, and are expected to have higher luminance and temperature. Throughout the year, the east facade of Oasis Terraces is shaded by its neighbouring buildings in the morning. In June, when the Earth's north pole is at its maximum tilt, Oasis Terraces's west facade has a longer exposure to the sun.

Building Orientation and Monthly Solar Exposure

Summer Solstice June 21 9 am

Summer Solstice June 21 noon

Summer Solstice June 21 3 pm

N Jun Mar - Jun - Sep First half of the year

35 °

Mar /Sep Dec

Sep - Dec - Mar Second half of the year

Dec

Vernal/ Autumnal Equinox Mar 20/ Sep 22 9 am

Vernal/ Autumnal Equinox Mar 20/ Sep 22 noon

Vernal/ Autumnal Equinox Mar 20/ Sep 22 3 pm

Due to the building's orientation, the west facade of Oasis Terraces is heated more by the afternoon sun in the first half of the year (from March to September). Especially in June, from 4pm to 6pm, the west facade is fully exposed to the sun.

The south side of the building is connected to Oasis LRT station. Yet in December, there would be some sun glare at noon.

The presence of neighboring HDBs blocks Oasis Terraces and prevents it from the morning sun glare especially in the second half of the year (from September to next year March).

Winter Solstice Dec 21 9 am

Winter Solstice Dec 21 noon

Winter Solstice Dec 21 3 pm

xxxx

Facade Material Consideration

0900 Using January as an example

1000

1100

1200

1300

1600

1700

1800

West Facade 1700

West Facade 1800

East Facade

East Facade 0900

East Facade 1000

East Facade 1100

East Facade 1200

East Facade 1300

West Facade

West Facade 1600

East facade with full glazing

East facade with solid concrete wall

West facade with solid concrete wall

As the neighboring buildings cast shadow on the east facade of Oasis Terraces, we expect it to be have less sun glare. However, the annual glare simulation shows otherwise. The luminance level is still too high to be tolerable.

Thus there is still a need for sun shading.

Both east and west facades actually use concrete wall rather than full glazing for a more comfortable working environment of 500 lux.

The simulation of both facades with the solid concrete wall justifies its effectiveness.

Wind Speed and Direction

Annual wind rose shows that prevailing winds come from northeast and south, which correspond to Oasis Terraces' orientation and typology. Together with the south wind, it appears that cross-ventilation is likely to form to cool the entire atrium.

Thus we hypothetise that Oasis Terraces is designed such that the slope increases wind velocity and drives air flow especially at the ground floor.

January wind direction tallies with site visit measurements and experiences.

Fluid Dynamics Analysis In order to verify our hypothesis on the massing strategy, we compared the terrace slope with a void and a rectangular box on the site location respectively.

Test 1: No building on the existing terrain

Test 3: Actual design, which contains a slope Top View (left) Isometric View (right)

Test 2: Building massing as a 6-storey-high flat rectangle Observation: Wind speed increases dramatically and abruptly around the borders of the rectangular massing.

Observation: The increase in air velocity along the terraces is more gradual. A low pressure zone down the atrium is also created to draw air in, evident in the less dense tracing lines that envelope the rectangular massing.

Conclusion: The slope facilitate air flow and venturi effect is set up on the ground floor.

Site Visit Measuring Locations

xxxx

Rooftop East End (02)

Corridor (01)

Garden (03)

Equpment Room (04) 6th Storey

Water Playground (08)

5th Storey

Rain Garden (09)

4th Storey 3rd Storey 2nd Storey 1st Storey Basement

Section AA

Staircase (11)

Shopping Mall

Rooftop East Side (01-03)

Rooftop Gym (05) Rooftop West Sealed Surface (06)

Level 5 East Corridor (06) LRT Entrance (10) Four-storey high Atrium (12)

Section BB

Water Playground (08)

Rain Garden (09)

Staircase to Shopping Mall (11)

xxxx

Measurements at 12 Locations

01

Level 6 (Rooftop) East Corridor

02

Level 6 (Equipment room) Along South Corridor

05

Level 5 East Corridor

08

Level 3 (LRT Entrance) Sheltered Sealed Surface Temperature: 28°C Relative Humidity: 61.4% Wind Speed: 0.6m/s Luminance: 36 klux

06

Level 5 (Terrace) Water Playground

11

Level 2 (Staircase) towards Shopping Mall Temperature: 27°C Relative Humidity: 71.5% Wind Speed: 1m/s Luminance: 100 lux

Level 6 (Rooftop) Sealed Surface, West End Temperature: 31°C Relative Humidity: 61.4% Wind Speed: 2.4 -5.5m/s Luminance: 61.4 klux

09

Temperature: 29.5-31°C Relative Humidity: 70% Wind Speed: 2.3 -3.3m/s Luminance: 60 klux (20 klux under the trees)

Temperature: 30°C Relative Humidity: 63% Wind Speed: 1.2m/s Luminance: 500 lux

10

Level 6 (Rooftop) Gym, West Side

Level 6 (Rooftop) East Garden Temperature: 29.8°C Relative Humidity: 66% Wind Speed: 3.9m/s Luminance: 10.7 klux

Temperature: 31.4°C Relative Humidity: 62.8% Wind Speed: 0.5m/s Luminance: 4779 lux -53.6 klux

Temperature: 30°C Relative Humidity: 68.9% Wind Speed: 2.1m/s Luminance: 7831 lux -69 klux

07

03

Temperature: 30°C Relative Humidity: 68.2% Wind Speed: 2.3m/s from the river Luminance: 16.7-41.1 klux

Temperature: 28.5°C Relative Humidity: 70.9% Wind Speed: 1.2-2.5m/s Luminance: 35 klux (10 klux under the shade) 04

Level 6 (Rooftop) East End, towards the River

Level 4 (Terrace) Rain Garden Temperature: 30°C Relative Humidity: 65% Wind Speed: 4m/s Luminance: 20 klux

12

Level 1 (Atrium) Community Plaza Temperature: 26.7°C Relative Humidity: 70.7% Wind Speed: 1.5m/s Luminance: 13.4 klux

xxxxww

Radar Diagram In order to make climatic data more visually readable and easier to understand, we have created radar diagrams and defined five dimensions.

The four measurable dimensions are luminance, wind speed, temperature and humidity. The fifth dimension is green-to-sealed surface ratio. It is estimated and added so as to differentiate data collected from green space and sealed man-made visually.

Being inside and outside the community plaza have different experiences. Near the river bank, the wind speed is higher and temperature is lower.

The radar diagram is meant to describe the differences visually using shapes or patterns.

xxxx

Data Visualization

Data on Psychometric Chart

The sets of data collected at Oasis Terraces tally with the general environmental condition in Singapore, where better natural ventilation is needed for optimal comfort. In other words, higher wind speed is needed to lower the high humidity level.

Among all the locations, rooftop park and gym are closest to the comfort zone. Here, a link between activity and choice is location is drawn. The rooftop with good natural ventilation fulfill the requirements for exercising, to bring in fresh air and take away excess heat and water vapor.

Purple Squares: Singapore's Condition

Rooftop Garden and Gym

Increase in Temperature

Increase in Relative Humidity

Climate-Responsive Design Strategies Fixed Shading Devices --- Effective

Mobile Shading Devices --- Unsatisfactory

Rooftop Sealed Surface

Rooftop Gym

Level 5 East Corridor

Ground Floor Atrium

Rooftop South Corridor

Rooftop Garden at Southeast Corner

Level 5 East Corridor

Ground Floor Atrium

Oasis Terraces has a characteristic and consistent use of pergola on its rooftop as a replacement of conventional fully-covered shelter.

Gym and east garden are the top two most comfortable places among all, largely due to the pergola that provide shade and also facilitate air flow.

Wall are recessed to create corridor or balcony so as to reduce sun glare. Yet the additional layer of translucent black roller blind makes the space gloomy and somewhat depressing.

Atrium or community plaza does not perform as good as we expected. The 4-storey high space is stuffy and warm because the full-height glass panel between plaza and terraces hinders the air flow.

To improve, operable louvres could be used to cature the beauty of light and shades.

A possible solution is to use monsoon window to replace the glass, so that the plaza is protected from rain and has good ventilation.

Although not protective from the rain, such device can reduce sun glare up to 80% based on measurements.

The design leverages on the high wind speed at rooftop to evaporate humid air generated at gym and greeneries.

Climatic Performance Test @Rooftop 4000-30000

Annual Average Luminance of Selected Regions: 26882 lux

2000

Annual Average Luminance of Entire Rooftop: 32156 lux

Jan 0900

Rooftop Sealed Surface 6500-65000 2500

Jan 1100 Through it is still bright at rooftop especially in the afternoon, the pergola shading devices have effectively reduce a significant percentage of sun glare, as evident in the clear color distinction between the shaded and unshaded areas.

5500-57000 3500

Jan 1600 Rooftop Gym 30000

Rooftop South Corridor

28000

1500-5000 2900

Jan 0900 5600

64000

Rooftop Garden at Southeast Corner 2000-3900

24000 3000

Jan 1100

58000

1300-5400

Jan 1600

6000

Climatic Performance Test @Terraces

Self-shading effect of the C-shape massing is justified, as shown in blue regions. While unshaded terraces appear very bright and hot in the simulation result, the actual situation is better with the trees.

30000

Annual Average Luminance: 23978 lux

4000

2000

2700

28000-34000

Jan 0900

5500

65000

3100 60000

Jan 1100

4100-5400

31000

Jan 1600

flat surface 59000

Climatic Performance Test @East Corridor

Recession in facade reduces a portion of sun glare but black blinds are still needed mainly in the afternoon.

The necessity of using blinds is illustrated on the left, as they lower the brightness by over 80%.

Annual Average Luminance without Blinds: 10717 lux Annual Average Luminance with Blinds: 1871 lux

Recessed wall 900-1400

Jan 0900 with blinds half-open

1100-1800

Jan 1100 with blinds half-open

3000-56000

Jan 1600 with blinds half-open

Climatic Performance Test @Community Plaza

Annual Average Luminance without Blinds: 9438 lux

31000

26000 28500 3000

Jan 0900

400

64000

2200

6200

750

Annual Average Luminance without Blinds: 7733 lux 60900

Jan 1100

3500

4200 1600 450

22000 18500 900

Jan 1600 Inside and outside the plaza has a large difference in luminance level. Thus the plaza may feel dark due to such comparison, though it is mostly above 1000 lux. Similar to corridors, blinds are incorporated but this time the shading effect of blinds is less obvious as they can only cover two fifths of the height.

Park

Sealed Surface

Forest 2

SECTION 2 | 4 CONDITIONS

Forest Bukit Timah Nature Reserve Pulau Ubin

Park Bishan Park

Aircon Alley Little India Chinatown

Sealed Surface Bayfront

Forest 1

Aircon Alleys

Forest @ Bukit Timah

Windy and Drizzly, Measured on Jan 25

Forest @ Pulau Ubin

Slightly Rainy, Measured on Jan 28

A With Tree Shade ILLUMINANCE lx 100k 50k 10k 1000 100

WIND SPEED m/s

10

3.5

30

1 2.5

TEMPERATURE °C

28 1.5

26 0.5

24

30%

0

50%

0.5

% 70%

1

90%

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

1620

B Without Tree Shade

1640

ILLUMINANCE lx

10k

10k

1000

10 1000

1000

100

100

1 100

TEMPERATURE °C 30

10 1 2.5

WIND ND SPEED m/s

1 2.5 1.5 0.5

0

70% 7

1

90%

1700

50%

0.5

0% 70%

1

1720 ILLUMINANCE lx

100k

100k 50k 50k 10k 10k 1000 1000 100

TEMPERATURE °C 30

10

3.5

1 2.5

28 1.5

100

WIND SPEED m/s

10

3.5

30

1 2.5

26 0.5

26 0.5

30%

24 2

0 30%

50%

0

0.5 50%

70% 7

TEMPERATURE °C

28 1.5

24

0.5

1 70% 7

1

90% %

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

0

0.5

1

90%

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

ILLUMINANCE lx

WIND SPEED PEED m/s

24

30%

90%

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

26 0.5

70% 7

TEMPERATURE °C

28 1.5

0

50%

30

1

24 2

30%

0.5

10

3.5

26

24

50%

WIND SPEED m/s

2.5

28

26 0.5

TEMPERATURE °C 30

10

3.5

28 1.5

30%

50k

50k

10k

3.5

100k

100k

50k

WIND D SPEED m/s

ILLUMINANCE lx

ILLUMINANCE lx

100k

90%

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

Park @ Bishan AMK

Overcast, Measured on Jan 18

A Carpark

D Bridge (end) ILLUMINANCE lx

ILLUMINANCE lx

100k

100k

50k

50k

10k

10k 10

1000

1000

100

WIND SPEED m/s

100

TEMPERATURE °C 30

10

3.5

1

WIND SPEED m/s

28

2.5 1.5

10

3.5

1.5

26

24

30%

0.5

0

24

30%

0% 50%

0.5

70%

0

50%

0.5

70%

1

90%

TEMPERATURE °C

28

2.5

26 0.5

30

1

1

90%

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

B Pedestrian Walkway (shaded/not shaded)

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

E Bridge (middle)

ILLUMINANCE lx

ILLUMINANCE lx

100k

100k

50k

50k 50

10k

10k

1000 00

1000

100

WIND SPEED m/s

100

3.5

WIND SPEED m/s

TEMPERATURE °C 30

10 1 28

2.5 1.5

10

3.5

1.5 5

26

24

30%

0.5

0

24

30%

0% 50%

0.5

70%

0

50%

0.5

70%

1

90%

TEMPERATURE °C

28

2.5

26 0.5

30

1

1

90%

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

C Pond

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

F Lawn ILLUMINANCE lx

ILLUMINANCE lx

100k

100k

50k

50k 5

10k

10k

1000

1000

100

WIND SPEED m/s

100

TEMPERATURE °C 30

10

3.5

1 28

2.5 1.5

WIND SPEED m/s

10

3.5

0% 50%

70%

1.5 0.5

0

24

30%

0.5

0% 50%

70%

1

90%

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

26

24

30%

TEMPERATURE °C

28

2.5

26 0.5

30

1

0

0.5

1

90%

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

Aircon Alley @ Little India

Sunny, Measured on Jan 27

A Inside Alley

Sealed Surface @ Bayfront

Sunny, Measured on Jan 27

A In Open Area ILLUMINANCE lx

ILLUMINANCE lx

100k

100k

50k

50k

10k 1

10k

1000

1000

100

WIND SPEED m/s

100

TEMPERATURE °C 30

10

3.5

1

WIND SPEED m/s

2 28

2.5 1.5

10

3.5

1.5

26

24

30%

0.5 .5

24

30%

0

50%

0

50%

0.5

70%

0.5

70%

1

90%

TEMPERATURE °C

2 28

2.5

26 0.5

30

1

1

90%

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

B Behind Air-con

B In Shade ILLUMINANCE lx

ILLUMINANCE lx

100k

100k 50k 50k 10k 10k 1 100 1000 1000 100 100

WIND SPEED m/s

TEMPERATURE °C 30

10

3.5

WIND SPEED m/s

1

10

3.5

1.5

1.5

26

26 0.5

0.5

24

24

30% 30%

0.5

0.5 % 70%

70%

0

0 50%

50%

TEMPERATURE °C

2 28

2.5

28

2.5

30

1

1

1

90% 90%

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

Aircon Alley @ Chinatown

Rainy, Measured on Jan 23

Rainy, Measured on Jan 23

Comparison with Characteristic Environments

Bishan Park Bridge (end)

ILLUMINANCE lx 100k 50k 10k 10 1000 100

WIND SPEED m/s

10

3.5

30

1

TEMPERATURE °C

28

2.5 1.5

26 0.5

24

30%

0

50%

0.5

70%

1

90%

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

Bayfront Sealed Surface In Shade

ILLUMINANCE lx 100k 50k 10k 100 1000 100

WIND SPEED m/s

10

3.5

30

1

TEMPERATURE °C

2 28

2.5 1.5

26 0.5

24

30%

50%

% 70%

0

0.5

1

90%

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

GREEN TO SEALED SURFACE RATIO

Psychometric Chart

Forest

Park

On the psychometric chart, the data points of Oasis Terraces largely overlap with those of park, aircon alley and sealed surface. They stray away from the forest data points, which are closer to the comfort zone in general.

However, that does not imply that Oasis Terraces and these locations give visitors the same sensation. Based on our physical experience, the rooftop of Oasis Terrace, for example, was much more cooling and comfortable than the sealed surface even though the data points overlap. This is because the rooftop of Oasis Terraces has good natural ventilation, which improved the comfort level there.

In other words, the intervention suggested by the psychometric chart is already in place.

Aircon Alley

Sealed Surface

|

SECTION 3 | INDIVIDUAL ROOM

Zitao's Room at PGPR Chenxiao's Room at RVRC

Tianyun's Room at RC4 Xuanqi's Room at Jurong East HDB

Tianyun's Room at RC4

Where is RC4?

Residential College 4 (RC4) is located at the north end of NUS University Town.

It is next to College of Alice and Peter Tan (CAPT) and former Yale-NUS College. Surrounded by many low-rise buildings including New Town Secondary School, RC4 is rather exposed to direct sunlight, hardly shaded by neighboring buildings.

My room located at level 9 is usually bright and hot in the afternoon. Thus this report focuses on the afternoon sun glare analysis.

High-rise HDBs

Yale-NUS New Town Secondary School CAPT

Low-rise Houses

Jan 1500

When is RC4 shaded by neighboring buildings?

Jan 0800

Jan 0800

Jan 1200

Jan 1200

Jan 1800

RC4 is slightly only shaded by Yale-NUS and CAPT in the late afternoon about 1.5 hour before sunset.

Jan 1800

Why does my room have an overhang?

RC4 67.64°

CAPT

Tembusu College

Comparison with Tembusu College shading devices Similar location but different orientations

RC4: North and south facades are not exposed to low-angle sunlight, thus only has overhangs.

My Room at Level 9, south-facing

Tembusu College: Half-Surrounding Shading to protect from the sun glare in the early morning and late afternoon 760 mm

1720 mm

760 mm

Morning sun is only observed at CAPT side not at RC4.

1500 mm

Each overhang has a specific width of 760mm, which is roughly half of the full height of the window.

w

Where is my room?

Residential College 4 Level 9 Floor Plan

My Room (Single Corridor with AC)

Current Residential College 4 (RC4)

Current College of Alice and Peter Tan (CAPT)

Why does the wind close my door only in the second half of the year?

Can I not close my window when it rains?

Annual Windose

ite u S ite u S

St

cas r i a

e

N

s ft i L

St

ite u S

Ba

ny o lc

cas r i a L

e ge n u Lo

9 l e ind ev W r Ve

1 Jan - 15 Jun

e ittl L y

My

om o R

The diagram shows Level 9 layouts and wind direction in the first half of the year. In the second half of the year, the wind direction reverses (from south to north instead). When the south wind is heavy especially on rainy days, it can shut the door of my room.

The wind direction also affects the direction of rain. In other words, from January to June, even if I do not close my window, the rain would not be blown into my room, whereas from June to December, I have to close the window otherwise my bed would be wet.

Suites usually have their doors closed, so cross-ventilation mainly occurs in the corridor.

16 Jun - 31 Dec

Where should I take the measurements?

4. Door Measure with the door open to understand the air flow and ventilation. The measurement also serves as a comparison between indoor and semi-outdoor environments.

2. Bed Although I spend less time here during daytime (7am7pm), this is an important location to evaluate its comfort level.

Three layers of sun-shading devices:

(3)Rollers Blind (mobile) (2)Double Glazing Windows (1)Overhang (fixed)

1. Desk This is a place where I spend most of my time. It is expected to be the most comfortable spot as the fan is directly above and there is a good distance from the window.

3. Window Brings in lighting and wind. It is where the shading devices start to function.

Measurements are all taken at eye level which is about 1200 mm from the floor.

4200 mm

(1) (2) (3) 2600 mm

3000 mm

How is the micro-climate of my room?

AR1329_Task 01 MeasuringAR1329_Task & Experiencing_Tianyun's at RC4 01 MeasuringRoom & Experiencing_Tianyun's Room at RC4

Time

Date Spot 1 desk 2 bed 0830-090017/1/2023 3 window 4 door 1 1 2 1530-155017/1/2023 2 3 4 1 1 2 1115-1130 19/1/2023 2 3 4 1 1 2 1330-134519/1/2023 2 3 4 1 1 2 1545-160022/1/2023 2 3 4

Illum Spot Temp (°C) Air Sky(m/s) RH (%) Temp (°C) Air(lux) (m/s) 27.4 0.7 64.7 27.4 389 1 desk 0.7 28 0 65 28 18750 2 bed 0830-0900Sunny Sunny 28.6 0 61 28.6 34750 3 window 28 0.2 60.2 28 790.2 4 door 29.9 1.1 58.8 29.9 421.5 1 1.1 31.2 1.4 56.5 31.2 483.7 1 1.4 32 0 50 32 17490 2 1530-1550Sunny Sunny 32 0.6 50.5 32 2210 2 0.6 31.6 0-1.8 55.4 31.6 13900 3 0-1.8 32 0.6 50.8 32 60.5 4 0.6 29.3 0.9 68.9 29.3 460.2 1 0.9 29.1 0.9 66.5 29.1 515.7 1 0.9 29.5 0.4 68.4 29.5 1494 2 0.4 Cloudy 1115-1130 Cloudy 29.6 0.4 65.9 29.6 1733 2 0.4 29.6 0 68.6 29.6 38000 3 0 29 0.7 67 29 620.7 4 28.6 0.5 72.4 28.6 92.3 1 0.5 27.5 1.5 76.2 27.5 100.5 1 1.5 28.7 0.3 72.2 28.7 1057 2 0.3 Overcast & Drizzly 1330-1345 Overcast & Drizzly 27.6 0 75.4 27.6 16560 2 28.6 0 73.1 28.6 54580 3 28.1 0.7 75 28.1 270.7 4 28.1 0.6 78 28.1 225 1 0.6 27.9 0.6 79.4 27.9 860.6 1 28.3 0.5 78.4 28.3 216 2 0.5 Overcast with rain 1545-1600 Overcast with rain 27.8 0.6 79.9 27.8 320 2 0.6 28.2 0 79.3 28.2 31720 3 27.7 0.4 80.6 27.7 22.3 4 0.4

Jan 17 0833

Time

Sky

Jan 17 0833

sensation Notes sensation RH (%) Thermal Illum (lux) Thermal Notes with breeze Blindswith halfbreeze closed, morning Blinds sun, fan turned tomorning 3 gears, one slightly closed slightly open, door closed 64.7 neutral389 neutral half closed, sun,window fan turned to 3 open, gears, door one window neutral Blinds half closed, door closed 65 1875 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed neutral Blinds half closed, door closed 61 3475 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed neutral Blinds half closed, door open, hardly winddoor at corridor 60.2 79 neutral Blinds halfany closed, open, hardly any wind at corridor with breeze Blindswith halfbreeze closed, afternoon sun, half fan turned 3 gears, one slightly closed slightly open, door closed 58.8 neutral 421.5 neutral Blinds closed,to afternoon sun,window fan turned to 3 open, gears, door one window with breeze Blindswith halfbreeze closed, afternoon sun covered by clouds occasionally, fan turned to 3occasionally, gears, door fan open 56.5 neutral 483.7 neutral Blinds half closed, afternoon sun covered by clouds turned to 3 gears, door open neutral Blinds half closed, door closed 50 1749 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed neutral Blinds half closed, door open 50.5 2210 neutral Blinds half closed, door open warm Blinds half closed, door open 55.4 13900 warm Blinds half closed, door open neutral Blinds half closed, door open, gentle corridor 50.8 60.5 neutral Blinds halfbreeze closed,atdoor open,(0.8m/s) gentle breeze at corridor (0.8m/s) neutral Blinds half closed, no directBlinds sunshine, air is quite still, fan turned to slightly closed slightly open, door closed 68.9 460.2 neutral half closed, no direct sunshine, air3isgears, quite one still,window fan turned to 3 open, gears, door one window can the cross ventilation Blinds half closed, door open 66.5feel a bit of515.7 can feel a bit of the cross ventilation Blinds half closed, door open neutral Blinds half closed, door closed 68.4 1494 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed neutral Blinds half closed, door open 65.9 1733 neutral Blinds half closed, door open neutral Blinds half closed, door closed 68.6 38000 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed gentle Blinds closed, door open, gentle corridor 67 62breeze gentlehalf breeze Blinds halfbreeze closed,atdoor open,(1.3m/s) gentle breeze at corridor (1.3m/s) cool Blindscool half closed, fan turned to 3 half gears, one window slightly closed slightly open, door closed 72.4 92.3 Blinds closed, fan turned to 3 open, gears, door one window cool Blindscool half closed, door open 76.2 100.5 Blinds half closed, door open cool Blindscool half closed, door closed 72.2 1057 Blinds half closed, door closed cooler Blinds half closed, door open 75.4 1656 cooler Blinds half closed, door open neutral Blinds half closed, door closed 73.1 5458 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed cooler Blinds half closed, door open, corridor is quitedoor cool open, corridor is quite cool 75 27 cooler Blinds half closed, cool Blindscool half closed, fan turned to 3 half gears, one window slightly closed slightly open, door closed 78 225 Blinds closed, fan turned to 3 open, gears, door one window a bit Blinds to 3half gears, one window slightly open slightly open, door open 79.4 86 cold a bithalf coldclosed, fan turned Blinds closed, fan turned to 3 open, gears, door one window cool Blindscool half closed, door closed 78.4 216 Blinds half closed, door closed a 320 bit cold Blinds 79.9 a bithalf coldclosed, door open Blinds half closed, door open cool Blindscool half closed, door closed 79.3 3172 Blinds half closed, door closed quite Blinds closed, door open, corridor is cold and wind speed up and to 2.1 m/s, high 81.4% 80.6 22.3cold quitehalf cold Blinds half closed, doorhumid, open, corridor is cold humid, windhumidity speed upalarm to 2.1atm/s, high humidity alarm at 81.4%

Jan 17 1133

Jan 19 1053

Jan 19 1321

Jan 22 1556

Jan 22 1556

Why does my room feel cooler on sunny days but warmer on rainy days?

On sunny days single ventilation driven by the ceiling fan works better than cross ventilation driven by wind because of the L shape corridor.

As hot air is less dense and rises, the fan can effectively speeds up air flow, thus it works better than wind.

AR1329_Task 01 Measuring & Experiencing_Tianyun's Room at RC4

Date

Time

17/1/2023

0830-0900

17/1/2023

1530-1550

19/1/2023

1115-1130

19/1/2023

1330-1345

22/1/2023

1545-1600

Spot 1 desk 2 bed 3 window 4 door 1 1 2 2 3 4 1 1 2 2 3 4 1 1 2 2 3 4 1 1 2 2 3 4

Sky Sunny Closed Open Closed Open

Sunny

Cloudy

Overcast & Drizzly

Overcast with rain

Temp (°C) Air (m/s) 27.4 0.7 28 0 28.6 0 28 0.2 29.9 1.1 31.2 1.4 32 0 32 0.6 31.6 0-1.8 32 0.6 29.3 0.9 29.1 0.9 29.5 0.4 29.6 0.4 29.6 0 29 0.7 28.6 0.5 27.5 1.5 28.7 0.3 27.6 0 28.6 0 28.1 0.7 28.1 0.6 27.9 0.6 28.3 0.5 27.8 0.6 28.2 0 27.7 0.4

RH (%) 64.7 65 61 60.2 58.8 56.5 50 50.5 55.4 50.8 68.9 66.5 68.4 65.9 68.6 67 72.4 76.2 72.2 75.4 73.1 75 78 79.4 78.4 79.9 79.3 80.6

Findings:

Illum (lux) Thermal sensation Notes neutral with breeze morning sun, fan turned to 3 gears, one window slightly open, door closed 2. closed, Inconsistent wind blow hardly cool 3. As wind speed increases, relative hu1.389Based on experience and measure- Blinds half 1875 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed midity tends to decrease. theclosed, space.

1-1 or 2-2, with ments, to be the cool- Blinds half 3475 spot 1 (desk) tends neutral doorComparing closed est79in the room, (comparing door closed and hardly openanyrespectively, we neutral 1 to 2, 3), Blinds half closed, door open, wind at corridor 421.5 because its neutral with breeze closed, sun, fanthe turned to 3does gears,not one windowMy slightly open, doorcooler closed than the corridor room feels mostly proximity to the fan Blinds half could seeafternoon that opening door 483.7drives air flow. neutral with breeze Blinds half closed, afternoon by clouds of occasionally, fanon turned to 3 days gears, could door open sunny also because of the that necessarily lowersun thecovered temperature the 1749 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed interior, especially when the corridor is higher humidity level inside the room.

2210 neutral Blinds half closed, door open heated 13900 warm Blinds half closed,up. door open Similarly, on rainy days when the humid60.5 neutral Blinds half closed, door open, gentle breeze at corridor (0.8m/s) 460.2 neutral Blinds half closed, no direct that sunshine, air it is is quite fan turned to 3ity gears, oneiswindow slightlyitopen, closed level very high, feelsdoor colder than It also suggests when notstill, windy, 515.7 can feel a bit of the cross ventilation Blinds half closed, door open is unlikely to occur. the actual temperature. Although the cross-ventilation 1494 neutral Blinds half closed, door closed However, on overcast neutral days when the ex- Blinds half closed, door open temperature is still above 27°C, it feels 1733 like 24°C. Since my room is less humid terior, 38000 meaning the corridor neutral or outside Blinds half closed, door closed the cooler (about 2°C) Blinds half closed, door open, gentle breeze at corridor (1.3m/s) than the exterior, it feels warmer.

62 window is much gentle breeze 92.3 the interior, 1 and cool closed, fanroom turned to gears,deep one window Since my is 3not insideslightly the open, door closed than 2 which are in Blinds half 100.5 closed, door open corridor, cross-ventilation can be felt on the middle of the roomcool are warmer than Blinds half 1057 cool Blinds half closed, door closed 31656 and 4. rainy and windy days when the corricooler Blinds half closed, door open dor has door a relatively 5458 neutral Blinds half closed, closed strong wind blowing from onedoor consistent direction.

27 cooler Blinds half closed, open, corridor is quite cool 225 cool Blinds half closed, fan turned to 3 gears, one window slightly open, door closed 86 a bit cold Blinds half closed, fan turned to 3 gears, one window slightly open, door open 216 cool Blinds half closed, door closed 320 a bit cold Blinds half closed, door open 3172 cool Blinds half closed, door closed 22.3 quite cold Blinds half closed, door open, corridor is cold and humid, wind speed up to 2.1 m/s, high humidity alarm at 81.4%

Is my room brighter and warmer than the corridor?

Annual average luminance of accessible corridor at eye level (1200 mm): 1048 lux

Annual average luminance of my room at work surface level (750 mm): 1165 lux

709

854 1045

1926

630

0830 Jan 17 Sunny

1545 Jan 22 Rainy

My room with blind fully open

My room is generally bright with blinds fully open (on sunny days), but the sun glare is largely imperceptible. Yet, I have the habit of leaving my blind half open to achieve a comfortable brightness level for working and resting (around 300 lux).

How come recently my room is significantly hotter in the afternoon?

In the afternoon, due to the orientation of the building and the lower sun angle, sunlight is converged to a point between the desk and the bed that is super hot.

1120 Jan 19

2500 600

12500

0830 Jan 17

1500

3500

71000

1545 Jan 22

1335 Jan 19

1545 Jan 17

0830 Jan 17

1900

58000

1545 Jan 17

71000

1120 Jan 19

1500 2000

85500

1335 Jan 19

2500 3500

69500

1545 Jan 22

58000

My Experiences with the Early-morning and Late-afternoon Sun As sun glare mostly occurs in the early morning or late-afternoon due to the low sun angles, it seems that the beauty of sunrise and sunset is overlooked.

For me, they are meaningful and special moments that mark the start and end of my day.

They decorate my room, every day, so that my room is truly livable, not only in climatic aspects, but also in a psychological way.

Watching the shadow of my plant gradually fades away as the sun rises is a pleasant and soothing experience.