Print Edition of The Observer for Wednesday, October 25, 2017
Panel discusses pornography
Former porn star, user share stories for White Ribbon Against Pornography Week
By ALEXANDRA MUCK news writer
former pornography star crissy moran said that for her, working in the industry was “very much acting and pretending that you love it.”
“To me, i liked … the glamorous part of it and that they were doing my hair and my makeup and that people wanted to see the pictures, but the part that was a struggle for me was when it would go past the point of having to take clothes off,” she said.
moran spoke on her experiences in “porn — on both sides of the screen,” a panel sponsored by the mcgrath institute for church life and students for child-oriented policy on Tuesday night. The event — which was part of white ribbon against pornography (wrap) week — also featured Traylor lovvorn, a former pornography addict, and his wife melody lovvorn.
leonard delorenzo, a theology
professor and director for notre dame vision at the mcgrath institute for church life, moderated the panel and said he wanted the panel to focus on the stories, not the numbers, of pornography.
“when we talk about statistics, we don’t see these people. The sheer volume of it all drowns out their voices,” he said. “… what we want to do tonight is focus not on a topic, actually, but on stories — stories from people, people who come from both sides of that screen where pornography is projected.”
moran discussed her childhood, which included being molested for the first time at the age of four. moran said when she started dating at 17, she became sexually active, but her boyfriend took her to get an abortion when she became pregnant.
after they broke up, moran said she went from boyfriend to boyfriend.
“i felt like in order to feel loved,
Professor explores growth of secularism in country
By KARA MIECZNIKOWSKI news writer
ndvotes hosted this semester’s first installment of pizza, pop and politics on Tuesday night, exploring the political causes and consequences of the rapid increase of non-religion and secularism in the united states.
The discussion was led by david campbell, a professor of american democracy and chairperson of the political science department at notre dame. campbell began by giving a brief background on the research he conducted alongside professor geoffrey layman, a political science professor at notre dame and professor John green, a political science professor at the university of akron.
as a general trend, wealth leads to secularization within a country, campbell said. compared to other economically developed nations, the united states is much
more religious, and that has long been the case, he added.
“The united states has always been known as the great exception to secularization,” campbell said. “but over the last 25 years, we have seen what has become known as the rise of the ‘nones.’”
The term “nones,” according to campbell, refers to the group of people that, when asked their religious preference on surveys, don’t answer as protestant, catholic, Jewish, or another religion; they answer “none.” from 1972 to 1992, the percentage of americans saying they had no religion or no religious affiliation was quite low, at somewhere between 5 and 8 percent, campbell said. around the early 1990s, this began to change, and there has been a sharp increase in non-religion since.
campbell said 22-23 percent of americans today fall into this category, which is now competing with evangelical protestantism for the position of largest “religious
group” in the u s campbell’s research examines the possible political causes and consequences of america’s secular turn by asking two questions: what accounts for the rapid increase in non-religion? and what are the consequences of growing non-religion and secularism for american political life?
politics — particularly the growing associations in the u s. between religion and the republican conservative — may be partially responsible for increasing secularism in the united states, campbell said.
“over the last three or four decades, as the so-called ‘religious right’ has emerged and mobilized conservative evangelical protestants into politics and has become increasingly influential within the republican party — and the republican coalition has become increasingly
see secularism PAGE 3
Observer Staff Report
The university will receive an unrestricted gift of $100 million from an alumnus after his death, according to a Tuesday cnbc report.
The report said 1978 notre dame graduate Kenneth ricci has promised the donation to the university in order to “set aside some money for his family and their foundation while also resolving the transfer of ownership in his business after his death” if his three kids do not want to take over any of the businesses.
a member of the air force roTc and band of the fighting irish during his time at notre dame and a current member of the board of Trustees, ricci said
Nun lectures on gender dignity school granted gift
By SOFIA MADDEN news writer
sr. mary prudence allen discussed the dignity of human gender at the sixth annual human dignity lecture on Tuesday night. in the talk, she mapped out the history of gender constructions throughout time, beginning with ancient greek philosophy and developing to notions of gender in the 20th and 21st centuries.
she first identified the four elements in the concept of women, which was introduced in 384 b c as a part of plato and aristotle’s studies.
“The four elements across which gender theories center include opposites, generation, wisdom and virtue,” allen said.
she said plato was the first philosopher to acknowledge all four of these elements in discussing gender relations. he first initiated a philosophical understanding of gender with his “unisex theory,”
which proposed that men and women have no significant differences and are therefore equal in dignity.
aristotle, contrasting plato, believed males to be naturally superior to females across all four of the gender concept categories — opposites, generation, wisdom and virtue — allen said.
“aristotle’s ‘sex polarity theory’ drastically opposed plato’s foundations of thought,” she said.
allen argued that while aristotle was an empiricist, he did not possess a scientific understanding of the male and female bodies.
“aristotle didn’t understand female ovulation, and therefore speculated that males provided the seeds of life, while women merely represented the material for life to grow,” she said.
aristotle believed women to be defective forms of men, whose irrational powers could not be
KATHRYNE ROBINSON | The Observer
Crissy Moran, left, and Traylor Lovvorn speak about their experiences with pornography and the industry at a panel discussion Tuesday.
Question of the Day:
Brendan Mooney freshman siegfried hall
“hanging out with friends indoors.”
Have a question you want answered? Email photo@ndsmcobserver.com
Scene Desk (574) 631-4540 observer. s cene.e ditor@gmail.com
Want your event included here? Email news@ndsmcobserver.com
Saint Mary’s Desk jbarwi01@saintmarys.edu
Saint Mary’s Desk mreilly01@saintmarys.edu
Photo Desk (574) 631-8767 obsphoto@gmail.com
Photo Desk (574) 631-8767 photo@ndsmcobserver.com
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
Systems & Web Administrators (574) 631-8839
Systems & Web Administrators (574) 631-8839
Stories of Grace Geddes Hall Chapel
Policies The observer is the independent, daily newspaper published in print and online by the students of the University of notre dame du Lac and s aint mary’s c ollege. e ditorial content, including advertisements, is not governed by policies of the administration of either institution. The observer reserves the right to refuse advertisements based on content.
“Confronting Brave New World” 1050 Nanovic Hall
Policies The observer is the independent, daily newspaper published in print and online by the students of the University of notre dame du Lac and s aint mary’s c ollege. e ditorial content, including advertisements, is not governed by policies of the administration of either institution. The observer reserves the right to refuse advertisements based on content.
7 p.m. - 7:45 p.m.
Community members share stories on impact of God’s grace.
noon - 1 p.m.
A discussion on prolife literature.
Monster Mash Soup Fundraiser 135 Malloy Hall
11:30 a.m. - 1:30 p.m.
Proceeds for breast cancer screenings.
Game Day Run Club Joyce Center Gate Two
8 a.m. - 9:30 a.m.
Running tour of Notre Dame’s campus from Game Day Operations.
Volleyball vs. Pittsburgh Purcell Pavilion
1 p.m.
The Irish take on the Panthers.
The news is reported as accurately and objectively as possible. Unsigned editorials represent the opinion of the majority of the e ditor-in- c hief, managing e ditor, Assistant managing e ditors and department editors. c ommentaries, letters and columns present the views of the authors and not necessarily those of The observer. v iewpoint space is available to all readers. The free expression of all opinions through letters is encouraged. Letters to the
The news is reported as accurately and objectively as possible. Unsigned editorials represent the opinion of the majority of the e ditor-in- c hief, managing e ditor, Assistant managing e ditors and department editors. c ommentaries, letters and columns present the views of the authors and not necessarily those of The observer. v iewpoint space is available to all readers. The free
ditor must be signed and must include contact information.
Questions regarding Observer policies should be directed to Editor-in-Chief Ben Padanilam.
Volleyball vs. Louisville Purcell Pavilion
7 p.m.
The Irish take on the Cardinals.
“The Forgotten Army” (2017) Browning Cinema
7 p.m. - 9 p.m.
Film shows GDR army as the Berlin Wall fell.
Highlights of Snite Museum of Art Snite Museum of Art
1 p.m. - 1:45 p.m.
Free guided tour and discussion.
Football vs. NC State Notre Dame Stadium
3:30 p.m.
This will be Notre Dame’s fifth home game of the season.
Marcellus Day Pilgrimage Basilica of the Sacred Heart
2:30 p.m. - 5:45 p.m. Pilgrimage and prayer.
smc hosts ‘spooktacular’ magic show
By IMAN OMAR news Writer
Today’s Staff
saint mary’s students are planning a chemistry show this week to help their club bond with the local community. The annual halloween spooktacular magic show for local children will take place Thursday from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. in the science hall. The event is hosted by the saint mary’s Affiliates of the American chemical society (sm AAcs), an organization aimed at educating young kids — through various chemical demonstrations — about the art of science.
senior sm AAcs president morgan matthews said this is the clubs biggest event of the year, which both the kids and sm AAcs members look forward to.
small event hosted for faculty kids, senior courtney Weston said. It has now developed into more of a community outreach event where students are able to share their passion with younger generations in a fun way, she said.
“This is a great event for kids because it’s fun, educational and interesting to see that chemistry is not just this hard subject at school, but it can also be fun,” Weston said. “You can see the application of it and what chemistry is about and how truly exciting and interesting it can be.”
matthews said the event is not just for the kids, but also for sm AAcs members, who will have opportunity to collaborate and interact with others who are also interested in sTem fields.
“We dress in our lab coats and it’s all very exciting to be able to do something you enjoy on a personal level and be able to share that with others,” she said. one of the club’s main goals is to promote is interest in sTem subjects, matthews said.
The observer regards itself as a professional publication and strives for the highest standards of journalism at all times.
do, however, recognize that
will make mistakes. If we have made a mistake, please contact us at (574) 631-4541 so
can correct our error.
“This event is really enjoyable because we get to share our passion for science with little kids and hopefully encourage them to love science too,” she said. “It’s really great to look at their faces and see their reactions because they think it’s magic. Then we explain to them what’s going on and why it’s reacting in this way and you can kind of see them understand how it works and it’s really inspiring.”
The show originally started off as a
The event’s interactive demonstrations include invisible ink, dry ice bubbles, goo that they can take home and nebulae, Weston said. every half an hour there will be a big demonstration by a sm AAcs member, which includes elephant toothpaste, dry ice cylinders and a lava lamp.
“our hands-on demonstrations allow the kids to actually learn how to do the experiments themselves,” matthews said. “This way they can learn that science isn’t just the practical stuff they teach you in the classroom but rather stuff they can do at home, like using a bottle of vinegar from your cabinet to create invisible ink.”
“most people lack confidence in these fields and usually people only realize they’re interested in it when they’re older,” she said. “so, our goal is to allow kids to start looking at science in a more engaging way and to get them interested in it from a young age.”
In honor of national chemistry Week, sm AAcs is also hosting a fundraiser, selling snacks in the science hall from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. every day this week.
“The magic show allows us to encourage the hands-on development of science in a way that is appealing to younger children,” matthews said.
Contact Iman Omar at iomar01@saintmarys.edu
By ALVARO DEL CAMPO s cene Writer
Kamasi Washington’s “harmony of difference” eP is an ambitious journey through a number of broad concepts related to human nature. Track titles like “humility” and “Perspective” give the project a grandiose framework that its experimental jazz attempts to encapsulate. Washington’s method for conveying these different concepts largely involves variations in instrumentation and rhythmic composition. The rhythm section adapts throughout the eP to complement Washington’s expressive saxophone lines, which are the thread connecting each consecutive track. “harmony of difference” is another solid project from Washington, with influences ranging from funk to samba. but while the concept is ambitious, its execution is at times flawed.
“desire,” the opening track on “harmony of difference,” introduces the eP’s main theme with Washington’s saxophone. Throughout the track, Washington maintains the main saxophone line’s tension by not hitting the high note that would seem to be the line’s natural progression. “desire” begins with a short bass solo with vibrant piano flourishes before Washington introduces the drums in a smooth transition to the main theme. As Washington riffs on the main lick, the rhythm section behind him builds a lounge-like ambiance, with smooth keys and groovy drums creating plenty of space for the saxophone and piano to trade solos until the track ends with the conclusive repetition of the refrain. overall, “desire” doesn’t really go anywhere past what the instrumentation outlines in
the first minute, but the tension throughout the track is a good representation of the tension that inevitably comes with desire.
Things start to speed up with “humility,” the eP’s second song. As the drums play an uptempo swing groove, layered saxes riff over the piano until the piano itself breaks into a virtuosic solo. After the piano solo, the winds take turn soloing as the drums rise in intensity and the bass walks through the chords. It’s difficult to decipher how the music relates to the track titles throughout the eP, but the problem is especially evident here. stylistically, “humility” is not too different from the tracks before and after it, lending the eP its progressive nature as it morphs almost unnoticeably but surely into more Latin-driven rhythms and structures.
As organs enter the instrumentation in “Knowledge” and “Perspective,” Washington begins to draw from more contemporary influences like funk and soul music. “Perspective” especially shows these influences, with the guitar using more effects and the bass line becoming more groove-centric. Washington’s saxophone is a highlight throughout the eP, but it really shines on this track, with a jammy solo that rides the instrumental in a catchy yet novel way.
The standout track in “harmony of difference” is “Integrity,” a samba that feels like a drive through the south American countryside. The drum groove and rhythm section creates a pocket for soloists, who are used to maximum effect with solos that say a lot in few “words,” relying more on feel than technical prowess. “Truth,” the closing track, is a 13-minute odyssey through
the eP’s major musical themes, but it doesn’t do anything new, instead acting as an extended bookend to the project as a whole.
The biggest problems with “harmony of difference” have more to do with the concept of the project than with the music. musically, the album is a solid entry into Washington’s repertoire of experimental jazz, with exceptional musicianship on display in every facet, from drums to winds. however, except for the biggest music nerds out there, the concept of the eP is not communicated very clearly in the music itself, and this can make the titles of each track feel relatively meaningless. This is perhaps the opposite of what Washington intended, and that’s why it’s the most apparent flaw. Aside from that gripe, however, “harmony of difference” is an enjoyable exploration of the limits of saxophone-driven jazz, and worth a listen for any fan of Washington’s past work or jazz in general.
Contact Alvaro del Campo at adelcamp@nd.edu
“Harmony of Difference”
Kamasi Washington
Label: Young Turks
Tracks: “Integrity,” “Perspective”
If you like: Robert Glasper, Thundercat, Terrace Martin
By OWEN LANE s cene Writer
canadian hip-hop duo dvsn (pronounced “division”) have returned only 18 months after the release of their solid debut album, “sePT. 5th.” The first album’s sound oozed with the velvety smooth style of vocalist daniel daley and the utterly consistent beats from Toronto producer nineteen85. on the new album, “morning After,” dvsn continues to provide the sound that made their first release so compelling. nineteen85, who has produced the atmospherically high-charting drake singles “hold on, We’re Going home” and “hotline bling,” is a fantastic fit for daley’s deeply heartfelt vocals. While drake’s nineteen85-produced hits were excellent love songs fastidiously engineered for billboard-charting success, even dvsn’s most popular songs lack any pretense of swagger. The songs are infused with a passion so unguarded that “morning After” borders on insecure. While the songwriting itself can be lacking in originality, daniel daley’s singing can be just as good as that of miguel, drake or even Frank ocean.
A nagging drawback to this record cannot be ignored, however. dvsn’s greatest misstep with “morning After” is the record’s utter lyrical homogeneity. The album proves to be one long musical treatise on love, heartbreak and relationships. Perhaps the record would be more satisfying if it did not follow a debut equally transfixed with romantic relationships. obviously r&b, and music generally, has always suffered from a glut of love songs. however, it
is difficult to completely respect an artist so explicitly focused on only one thing. Imagine if Pusha T only made songs about dealing drugs or if J. cole pushed his underdog narrative on every track. The best artists need to be as adventurous in their lyrical content as they are willing to be in their production and formal experimentation. dvsn simply pale in comparison to artists like sampha and Frank ocean who know how to mix their lovelorn passion with lyrics that stray beyond the realm of romantic relationships.
despite the album’s unsatisfying lyrical progression, dvsn’s sound remains hypnotizing and transcendent. The duo’s 2016 track “With me” stood out as a seven-minute r&b opus that combined catchy, inventive production with a stunning vocal performance from daniel daley. on “morning After,” nineteen85’s production is even more ambitious. on “Keep calm,” sounds echo, fade in, fade out and rise to dramatic crescendos which combine into cathedral-sized walls of sound. “P.o v.” features a beat more reminiscent of hip-hop, with high-hat and snares combined with intriguingly foreign vocal samples scattered throughout. on “mood,” daley booms over a more spare and subdued beat, impressively flexing his vocal chords. Time and time again on this record, nineteen85 showcases his remarkable talent for pulling listeners back into his music just when they begin to tune it out. sometimes he does this with vocal samples, short skits between tracks or noises that sound like they came straight from old nintendo games.
dvsn exists in a fortuitous place within their genre.
Their sound contains trace amounts of the sonic qualities of current giants like drake or Post malone, yet they offer an undeniable authenticity that many of their contemporaries lack. on closing track “conversations in a diner,” daley sings about a couple having that fateful final talk surrounded by a room full of people ambling through the routine of their lives. I cannot remember a time that an r&b track conveyed such raw pathos and insecurity. With the soft yet insistent patter of drums and bright piano chords, dvsn are jilted, desperately struggling to convince their lover to stay, all while an indifferent and unaware crowd surrounds them. The lyrics paint a recognizable picture of embarrassment, pain and blinding emotions. Tracks this vivid are difficult to come by in any genre. next time you go to play something from “more Life,” “views” or “Wildheart,” listen to some dvsn instead. At their best, when the duo bares it all, the result is mesmerizing.
Contact Owen Lane at olane@nd.edu
“Morning After”
dvsn
Label: OVO Sound
Tracks: “Keep Calm”
If you like: Drake, Sampha, Frank Ocean
Martha Reilly s aint mary’s e ditor
This halloween, no one is on the cusp of anything great according to these sun sign horrorscopes.
Aries (March 21-April 19)
Your need to outdo other people will harm you this h alloween when you purchase real bats and spiders to display around your room instead of the plastic decoration kind. This tendency to impulse buy will result in critter-cism.
Taurus (April 20-May 20)
Your insistence on practicality will lose you a social life this season. no one will invite you to viewing parties of h alloween movies because you feel the need to point out all the unrealistic portions, instead of just embracing “Twitches” for what it is.
Gemini (May 21-June 20)
People may usually cheer for your excellent communication abilities, but you’ll earn a few boos when a clingy ghost finds you easy to talk to. Your collaboration skills will improve, though, because of your newfound team spirit.
Cancer (June 21-July 22)
It’s in your nature to take everything seriously, but if you don’t let loose soon, it could become a grave problem. remember that you’re not a mummy, and you can unwind a little bit.
Leo (July 23-Aug. 22)
You will play a lot of bowling this h alloween after you befriend a black cat who takes you back to his alley. Your outgoing personality and enthusiasm are to thank for this lucky strike.
Virgo (Aug. 23-Sept. 22)
relax and enjoy yourself for once, especially during the holiday season. There’s no need to begin cleaning and organizing a haunted house that you and your friends visit. It’s not even your terror-tory, so put the Tide-to-Go away.
Libra (Sept. 23-Oct. 22)
Your desire to forge your own path will make you an excellent Gabriella montez this h alloween. You can, indeed, go your own way, but watch out for the West h igh Knights that often ride their horses down the road less traveled.
Scorpio (Oct. 23-Nov. 21)
You will be unable to properly defend yourself against a disloyal friend, for you will end up inadvertently complimenting her h alloween costume when you say that you can see right through her. she dressed up as a ghost.
Sagittarius (Nov. 22-Dec. 21)
You’ll regret trusting everyone you see when a witch offers you a free broom ride. As it turns out, she uses a s wiffer to commute, and you have to spend loads of money on the WetJet replacement pads.
Capricorn (Dec. 22-Jan. 19)
h alloween will be a real pain in the neck this year after a vampire bites you. You don’t even earn an “I gave blood” sticker for your trouble. nonetheless, congrats — he said you taste like cynicism.
Aquarius (Jan. 20-Feb. 18)
You should never have agreed to wear a couples costume, since your individuality always feels the need to shine through. When you seek independence and run away to trick or treat on your own, you are forced to tell everyone you dressed up as the golden snitch because no one recognizes c -3P o without r 2-d2.
Pisces (Feb. 19-March 20)
When you visit a fortune teller this h alloween, she decides to give up her profession after looking in the crystal ball, for she sees no future in it.
Contact Martha Reilly at mreilly01@saintmarys.edu
The views expressed in the Inside Column are those of the author and not necessarily those of The Observer.
Sarah Cate Baker s cience is Golden
b y now, we’ve all seen the # meToo stories pop up on social media. The women who step forward to share stories of unwanted attention, harassment or abuse show exemplary bravery, and their goal is admirable: to raise awareness of the aggression against women that occurs every day. but what do we do with that awareness once we have it?
In the case of h arvey Weinstein, the man whose depravity initiated # meToo, the response has been swift and serious. As stories of his predations pile up, actor after actor has denounced him, in addition to a slew of politicians he donated to. Weinstein has been stripped of titles and awards, fired from his own company and ousted from the Academy. This large-scale action has denounced Weinstein as a human and cast a shadow over his life’s work. c ertainly people will not stop watching Weinstein’s movies, but audiences will now have to wonder what the scantily-clad starlets were being forced to do off stage. Weinstein’s art will be still be consumed, but it may spark fundamentally different questions than he originally intended. but what if Weinstein had been a scientist?
The sad truth is that no field is free of degenerates. Weinstein is far from the first film guru to take advantage of struggling actresses; countless artists turned out to have ethically questionable habits, not to mention the music industry. m any of literature’s greatest classics were penned by men who later turned out to be morally reprehensible: “Lord of the Flies” author William Golding tried to rape a 15-year-old girl, Patricia h ighsmith shaped the field crime novels but was was unapologetically racist, o rson s cott c ard wrote the beloved “e nders Game” and was so homophobic he tried to reinstate sodomy laws. Yet art as a field can deal with these problems. c an we love the art and hate the artist? It’s a complicated, philosophical question, one that feels right at home in an e nglish class discussion. It would not at all be inappropriate for my e nglish professor to say, “modernism was an incredibly important literary movement, but a lot of these authors were ragingly anti-semitic. s o I felt conflicted about putting e zra Pound on the syllabus — what do you think about that?”
now try to imagine that conversation happening in the laboratory. “You know, this reagent is an ingenious way to isolate dn A, but the guy who invented it is now on trial for rape. d o you want to use something else instead?”
It would be absurd. And entirely impractical
— science is built on efficiency, on the ability to get sound results. This seems to create a “what happens outside the lab stays outside the lab” mentality; when it comes time to conduct an experiment, scientists follow the work of others based on their scientific merit more than anything else.
This is as it should be. much of science is geared towards improving people’s lives, even saving them. Just as those working with Weinstein have now left him, it may seem that ethical scientists should not pursue a line of research begun by someone who later turned out to be immoral. Yet imagine this research could lead to the cure for a disease or clean energy or cheaper food. now the moral obligation runs the opposite way: researchers must pursue good science, even if the other scientist is bad.
Thus, scientists don’t have the ethical luxury of sidelining someone’s work, or even caveating it. They have to find other ways to denounce degenerate members of their field — something they have begun to do with impressive success.
o ne example is James Watson, who helped discover the structure of dn A (alongside rosalind Franklin, Francis c rick and m aurice Wilkins, though history has not remembered them all equally). Watson won a nobel Prize, and his name is in every biology textbook published since 1953. Yet in a 2007 interview he made blatantly racist remarks about the intelligence of Africans. The scientific community was outraged; he had many talks cancelled and no one will now work with him. he apparently became so poor he had to sell his nobel Prize.
Yet scientists still use the product of his life’s work. The structure of dn A is not something that can be ignored or boycotted, and of course it hasn’t been. James Watson has. This is just one example of researchers accepting the science and deploring the scientist.
The issue of moral degeneracy in science produces complicated questions, because a scientist’s work can’t just be ignored by their peers. Yet science is a field of innovation, where complex problems are met by impressive solutions. I expect this particular problem will be no exception.
Sarah Cate is a senior at Notre Dame studying biology and English. As such, she enjoys writing essays about Salinger and studying viruses in her research lab. Her favorite books are very much like her science experiments — long, complicated and ultimately inconclusive. She can be reached at sbaker6@nd.edu
The views expressed in this column are those of the author and not necessarily those of The Observer.
Devon Chenelle The Gadfly
Race, wealth and justice
Among the American civil religion’s sprawling symbolical repertoire, few images are as common, or as semiotically potent, as that of Lady Justice. As befits the personification of our justice system, she is portrayed in three compositions just in the supreme court building and in innumerable county courthouses across the republic. Lady Justice is traditionally depicted with a set of scales, a sword and a blindfold, items representing the moral principles underlying our justice system, respectively signifying evaluation of the evidence, courts’ punitive role and the law’s blindness towards the identities and attributes of those called to trial. however, although justice is ideally blind, many Americans are convinced it is anything but. o ver the past years, outcry over putatively racially inspired miscarriages of justice has become one of the fundamental sources of unrest and discontent in the American body politic. such claims certainly were overwhelmingly and grossly true throughout America in the past, and assuredly explicit and intentional actions of racial prejudice still persist in many police departments and district courts. Furthermore, there is certainly no doubt that black Americans, already victims of centuries of economic subjugation and exploitation, are subject to a wildly disproportionate amount of police violence and punitive measures from the justice system. very reasonably, this state of affairs leads many to conclude that the justice system operates, pervasively and powerfully, on a racially-tilted field, where differences in skin color lead to vast differences in outcome. Yet what if this racially-focused account about the justice system’s constitutive and systematic
failures, while making many compelling claims and accurate arguments, ultimately misses the forest for the trees: could it be that what truly excites our justice system’s biases are not differences of race, but those of wealth, a process obscured by this country’s wretched racial income disparities? Perhaps is what Lady Justice glimpses when she slides up her blindfold — for there is no doubt that she all too often does — is not variations in pigmentation, but in wealth?
during october 1993, two off-duty police officers, mark and scott Whitwell (brothers), were having a particularly wild celebration, carousing around town after one of their wives passed the bar exam. The officers, heavily intoxicated and brandishing stolen firearms, were behind the wheel of an automobile when they had a near-collision with a car driven by one Lesane Parish crooks. An argument broke out, during which mark Whitwell shot at crooks’ automobile, and subsequently crooks exited his car and non-fatally shot both officers. The Atlantic Police department brought charges against crooks, but they were eventually dropped.
earlier that same year, cordozar calvin broadus Jr. was arrested and charged with murder in the death of Phillip Woldermariam, a known gang member fatally shot by broadus’ close associate mcKinley Lee, while broadus drove the getaway car. defended by Johnnie cochran, both Lee and broadus were acquitted on the grounds of self-defense.
Twelve years later, on may 10, 2005, one radric davis was ambushed by five armed men at a decatur, Georgia house, and, feeling understandably threatened amid his would-be captors’ discussion of whether to kill or simply rob him, davis picked up a handgun and shot one of the men, Pookie Loc, dead. davis then, with a number of his associates, buried and hid Loc’s corpse behind a nearby middle school. After Loc’s
cadaver was found, davis turned himself in and was charged with first-degree murder. by January 2006, the murder charge was dropped, again on the grounds of self-defense.
I know three anecdotal cases hardly prove a case, but I hope they can open the door for the at least the possibility of the larger point I would like to make: American justice is far more susceptible to cash than color. These three men, likely better known to you as Tupac shakur, snoop dogg and Gucci mane, are exactly the sorts of men committing exactly the sorts of offenses that get black men locked up for life or extrajudicially killed — with one crucial difference: They were all wealthy rappers, with access to lawyers and legal knowledge that their poorer counterparts simply don’t have. Thus, add money to the equation, without changing a thing about race or background, and everything changes. This should be no surprise in an America that is far more founded on capitalist ideals than it was, at least explicitly, on racist ones. In this country the most privileged group will always be those with the capital, not those with the right color. now obviously poverty and race are tied up in a million different ways in America, but I’d simply like to suggest that potentially, that just maybe, our courts are not quite as racist as we fear, and are far more classist than we dare imagine. And to think I haven’t even mentioned oJ simpson!
Devon Chenelle is a senior, formerly of Keough Hall. Returning to campus after seven months abroad, Devon is a history major with minors in Italian and philosophy. He can be reached at dchenell@nd.edu — “On resiste a l’invasion des armees; on ne resiste pas a l’invasion des idees.”
The views expressed in this column are those of the author and not necessarily those of The Observer.
Response to ‘The truth about Columbus’
recently in a letter titled “The truth about c olumbus,” a notre d ame graduate named rebecca d evine attacked the native American student Association of notre d ame ( n A s A nd ) for our Indigenous Peoples’ d ay celebration and community discussion. From the first line of her article, it is abundantly clear that she did not attend the event. Information about our mission is posted on our Facebook page for those interested.
d evine’s article made erroneous assumptions about our message — anyone interested in further conversation should disregard her explanations of our logic, message and integrity. That being said, she is more than welcome to participate in our events in the future and is explicitly invited to our native heritage month discussions on native representation on our campus. In addition to implying that n A s A nd members are not people
of intellectual integrity, she defends c olumbus in a way that should raise the eyebrows of the wellinformed public.
The following are quotes from c olumbus’ log:
“They would make fine servants … with 50 men we could subjugate them and make them do whatever we want.”
“Let us in the name of the holy Trinity go on sending all the slaves that can be sold.”
If those aren’t enough, here is a quote about what happened to those enslaved:
“I captured a very beautiful c arib woman, whom the said Lord Admiral ( c olumbus) gave to me. When I had taken her to my cabin she was naked — as was their custom. I was filled with a desire to take my pleasure with her and attempted to satisfy my desire. she was unwilling, and so treated me with her nails that I wished I had never begun.”
Leadership of the Knights of c olumbus were contacted on multiple occasions and did not respond previous to Indigenous Peoples’ d ay. We hope that in light of d evine’s accusatory article, they will join our conversation now. We were unaware of the council’s scholarships for minority students … but we do not want your money, we want your respect. o ur “attack” is not political (it’s not even just about c olumbus!), but a call for human dignity and progress. The most open form of representation that natives get on notre dame’s campus is not through a faculty member, administrator or celebration — but through pictures of our people in chains. This needs to be addressed immediately.
Dom Acri nA s A nd president oct. 24
Happy Birthday: dig in and stretch to reach your creative initiatives. let your imagination take you to places that will motivate and stimulate you mentally, physically and emotionally. Turn this year into one of enlightenment, creativity and discovery. be an adventurer and others will respect and admire your persistence and altruism. make each day count and aspire to reach your goals. your numbers are 1, 12, 23, 24, 30, 42, 44.
ARIES (March 21-April 19): A change will do you good. Planning a vacation, signing up for a course or buying season tickets to a favorite event will give you something to look forward to. Physical improvements will lift your spirits. exercise is encouraged.
TAURUS (April 20-May 20): you’ll have to bend a little if you want to avoid being left out. It’s ok to be different or to only participate in what interests you, but don’t offend people who are being hospitable. show respect even if you don’t agree.
GEMINI (May 21-June 20): deal with legal, financial and institutional matters. bring about the necessary changes or requirements to stabilize your life. settlements can be put to rest and peace of mind will be reason enough to celebrate. romance is highlighted.
CANCER (June 21-July 22): Take care of business, whether it has to do with home and family or work and colleagues. listen carefully and offer solid suggestions in order to reach your intended goal. don’t let personal issues stop you from getting things done.
LEO (July 23-Aug. 22): Avoid getting into intellectual debates with loved ones or your peers. Argumentative situations will lead to regret if you are opinionated. Instead, concentrate on personal growth and physical improvements that will help build your confidence and courage to do your own thing.
VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept. 22): Problems with older family members or the responsibilities you’ve accumulated will surface. refuse to let emotions take over. If you want to even things out or share the demands being put on you, offer incentives and lay down some rules.
LIBRA (Sept. 23-Oct. 22): Walk away from bullies or those trying to pressure you into something you don’t want to do. channel your energy into personal gains and improvements that will help to stabilize your life. learning, travel and relationships are featured.
SCORPIO (Oct. 23-Nov. 21): Take on new and exciting projects or go to places that spark your interest or make you think. expand your mind and explore what life has to offer. It’s up to you to make things happen. stop waffling and start achieving.
SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 22-Dec. 21): express the way you feel and make a commitment to follow through with the endeavors that mean the most to you. don’t lose sight of what’s important and what you can do to help those less fortunate than you.
CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19): be secretive about your plans. making sure everything is in order and fail proof will put your mind at ease and help you avoid interference from anyone who is critical or competitive. Take better care of your health.
AQUARIUS (Jan. 20-Feb. 18): you can make a difference if you pitch in. don’t get overwhelmed or feel pressured by what others ask for or the choices they make. you’ll gain the most by doing your part and not complaining. romance is highlighted.
PISCES (Feb. 19-March 20): you’ll crave change, but unless you have something concrete in mind, it will be best to sit tight and wait. holding out for what you want will be worth it. for now, preparation should be your top priority. Birthday Baby: you are curious, aggressive and changeable. you are understanding and compassionate.
Jumble | dAvId hoyT And Jeff knurek
sudoku | The mePhAm grouP
WInGIn’ It | olIvIA WAng & bAIlee egAn
M Golf
sports have the power to heal
o n s aturday night, the h ouston Astros defeated the n ew York Yankees in Game 7 of the AL cs and clinched the franchise’s first trip to the World s eries since 2005. b eginning Tuesday night, the Astros will play the Los Angeles d odgers in the bestof-seven Fall c lassic for a chance to win their first World s eries championship in franchise history.
The city of h ouston will be behind them, cheering them on every step of the way — the same city that, just two months ago, was ravaged by the massive hurricane h arvey along with other parts of southern Texas and Louisiana. h arvey caused at least 90 deaths, displaced 32,000 people from their homes and caused an estimated $70 billion in damages. The recovery effort is still ongoing.
d uring this tough time, the Astros have given people in the city of h ouston and the surrounding areas a reason to smile and be happy.
This is just another example of the power sports can have. A lot of the time, especially during tough times when people could use a distraction, sports can serve as an outlet for people to escape from reality for a short time and have fun with other people by cheering on their team. Few things can bring entire groups of people together like sports can, and sports can make people feel better in tough times.
This isn’t the first time we’ve seen this. In fact, it isn’t the only example happening right now.
The vegas Golden Knights are currently in their first season as an nh L expansion team. The team doesn’t have any notable superstars and were picked by many to be one of the worst teams in the league this season. s o far, however, the Golden Knights have gotten off to one of the best starts made by any team this season, posting a 6-1-0 record through their first seven games. They are the first expansion team in nh L history to win six of their first seven games. People in Las vegas have gotten behind their new pro sports team. This all comes a couple of weeks after the Las vegas concert shooting that left 59 people (including the gunman) dead and over 500 others injured on o ct. 1. The Golden Knights held a memorial service for
the victims of the attacks before their first-ever home game on o ct. 10 and proceeded to win that game in rousing fashion, 5-2 over the Arizona c oyotes. The Golden Knights have been the feel-good story of the new nh L season so far, not just because of their surprisingly good play, but because of what their play has meant for the people of Las vegas who are still in mourning. The Golden Knights have given Las vegas something to be happy about during a tough time.
b ack in 2013, the b oston m arathon bombing shook the city of b oston and the entire country to its core. The manhunt for the bombers after the attack made b ostonians feel unsafe in their own homes. The city and its people needed a pickme-up, and they received it in — where else? — their sports teams. The b oston b ruins made a surprise run to the 2013 s tanley c up Finals, just months after the attack. e ven though they fell in six games, the run to the Finals served as a welcome distraction for b ostonians. b ut it didn’t stop there. The r ed s ox finished the 2013 regular season with a 97-65 record and an AL e ast title. They ended up defeating the s t. Louis c ardinals in the 2013 World s eries in six games. The World c hampionship helped the people of b oston regain a sense of familiarity after the city was rocked by the bombing just six months earlier.
After the s ept. 11 terrorist attacks in 2001, sports helped the nation regain a sense of comfort, especially baseball.
The n ew York Yankees went on a run to the 2001 World s eries just a month after the attacks. The run made the majority of the country actually cheer for the Yankees, who had won the three previous World s eries c hampionships. e ven though the Yankees lost the World s eries in seven games, the run helped the people of the city of n ew York cope with what had happened.
d uring trying times, sports can serve as an outlet for people to release their emotions and join with others in escaping reality for a short time. o f course sports don’t solve all of these problems, but they can at least make people happy for a short time, which is extremely important.
Contact Michael Ivey at mivey@hcc-nd.edu
The views expressed in this Sports Authority are those of the author and not necessarily those of The Observer.
c onners shot a career low 6-under-par 66 which included nine birdies, and d elgado stayed hot with a 4-under 68 in the same round. The Irish took their momentum into round two, recording a total score of 7-under par moving them to 18-under for the tournament, which left them in second place at the close of day one. The round was highlighted by c onners’ 68 and d eglado’s 69 along with even par finishes for Albin and freshman d avis c hatfield. The Irish would go on to finish 22-under par, which marked the team’s lowest total in over 10 years. d elgado and c onners finished in eigth and ninth place, respectively, on the individual leaderboard thanks to their consistency throughout the tournament. The team finished the tournament tied for fourth place with m aryland, finishing behind s outh Florida, m ichigan s tate and Louisville.
The Irish will get a break as play suspends until Feb. 11, when the team will head to Palm c ity, Florida, for the m artin d owns c ollegiate to begin the spring season.
nba | cAvALIers 119, buLLs 112
James leads c leveland to victory over c hicago
Associated Press
cLeveLA nd — Le b ron James scored 34 points in a rare start at point guard and the c leveland c avaliers, using another early season lineup, awakened after a sluggish first half and beat the c hicago b ulls 119-112 on Tuesday night.
Although he often handles the ball and runs c leveland’s offense, James had not officially been listed as a guard since 2012 with m iami. h e added 13 assists, including a no-look, behind-theback dish to Jae c rowder for a 3-pointer during c leveland’s 15-3 spurt in the third quarter.
Kevin Love had 20 points and 12 rebounds, and d wyane Wade, who asked c avs coach Tyronn Lue to
take him out of the starting lineup, came off the bench and added 11 points.
Justin h oliday scored 25 and rookie Lauri m arkkanen 19 for c hicago, which made a season-high 17 3-pointers. The 7-foot m arkkanen became the first player in nb A history to make 10 3-pointers in his first three career games.
c leveland trailed 92-91 entering the fourth before Love dropped a 3 and Kyle Korver made a pair of 3s in 33 seconds. c hicago closed within six in the final two minutes, but the c avs came up with two offensive rebounds to reset the shot clock before James took m arkkanen to the hole and dropped a left-handed layup to make it 118-110.
The c avs were coming off an embarrassing loss to
o rlando and their defense was atrocious in the first half, when the b ulls made 12 3-pointers and scored 65 points — 12 less than in their previous game.
Lue has been experimenting with lineups and combinations because of new players and injuries. h e trotted out another new starting five — his third in three games — against the b ulls, moving James from small forward to the point, and starting Tristan Thompson at center so Love wouldn’t have to guard 7-foot-1 r obin Lopez the entire game.
b ut c leveland’s starters let c hicago control things early. The b ulls ran to a 14-point lead before the second group — led by Wade and Jeff Green — got the c avs back in it. Green finished with 16 points.
Michael Ivey sports Writer
CHRIS COLLINS | The Observer Irish junior Miguel Delgado follows through on an approach shot during the Fighting Irish Classic on Oct. 8 at Warren Golf Course.
like our doubles — we had two doubles teams in the quarterfinals — both played well and lost tight matches in the quarters, which was a really good result for us. a lso, in the singles, we had three in the round of 16 and one of our freshman in the quarterfinals.
“a ll of the matches we lost in the round of 16. The two we lost were tight matches, so i felt like we played really well, and it was good for our freshmen to get a chance to see a lot of the teams in the region. We played one tournament earlier but this was a pretty big tournament because it’s qualifying for the fall nationals, so there’s a little bit more pressure in this one. it’s good for our freshmen to get to play in a tournament where there’s a little bit more pressure.”
seniors brooke broda and a llison m iller lost in the doubles quarterfinals to northwestern junior Lee or and senior a lex c hatt with a scorecard of 8-7 (2). on that same day, freshman cameron corse and sophomore Zoe spence lost to ohio state redshirt freshmen shori Fukuda and maria Tyrina in a match that ended 8-6. m iller and corse also competed in the singles round of 16 on that same day, with m iller losing to northwestern redshirt junior r heeya doshi in three sets at 2-6, 6-1, 6-3 and corse losing to i llinois freshman a suka Kawai, 6-3, 7-5. The third notre dame player to make it to the round of 16 in singles competition was junior r achel c hong who lost to d unleavy — her own teammate — by a 7-6, 6-2 scorecard.
Louderback pointed out that the i rish have improved significantly in doubles competitions also, crediting the work of newly incorporated assistant coach m ichelle dasso for the success of the doubles performance.
“The best for us, and most improved from over a year ago, is our doubles play,” Louderback said. “i felt like that’s gotten much, much better and our [athletes] have played pretty great in the doubles. i think that’s something that’s made a big difference in how we’ve played. We have a new assistant this year, m ichelle d asso, who’s been working really hard with [the team] on the doubles. it’s really pushed the aggressive play out of [the team] and it’s something [the team] has taken to and made a big difference.”
The i rish go back to competition the weekend of n ov. 2. The team will separate and compete in the a rizona s tate i nvitational, Western m ichigan i nvitational and, if any players are chosen, the i T a national Fall c hampionships.
Contact Charlie Ortega Guifarro at cortegag@nd.edu
Paid a dverT isemen T
Observer File Photo
Irish senior Allison Miller prepares to hit a forehand during Notre Dame’s 5-2 win over Purdue on Feb. 22 at Eck Tennis Pavilion. Miller advanced to the doubles quarterfinals of the ITA Midwest Regional with her partner, senior Brooke Broda, on Oct. 13 in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
not taking the matchup lightly.
how you’ve prepared so well, you don’t want to change anything.”
Facing the wolfpack notre dame (6-1) next faces no. 14 north c arolina state this coming weekend. a fter falling in their season opener to s outh c arolina, the Wolfpack (6-1, 4-0 acc ) have rattled off six straight wins, including a road victory over then-no. 12 Florida state. nc state also boasts the sixth-best run defense in the country, and Kelly is certainly
“They do a great job of holding onto the football, sustaining drives and scoring,” Kelly said. “i think they average 3.2 points per possession, which is really, really good. They’ve got a number of weapons on offense. … This is a defense that’s very stingy against the run. They do a great job schematically of putting their guys in a very good position. You have to be worried about special teams with their ability to return kicks and punts, as well. We’ve got our hands full in all three facets.
“a deserving team where they’re ranked, no question
Paid a dverT isemen T
about it. it’s going to be a great challenge, one that our guys know they’ll have to play very well to win the football game.”
The i rish faced off against the Wolfpack in r aleigh, north c arolina, last season, in a wild game that occurred despite the impact of hurricane matthew. With the game tied 3-3 in the fourth quarter, north c arolina state blocked an i rish punt and returned it for a touchdown to go up 10-3, a lead it would never relinquish. For Kelly and notre dame, the very nature of the game and the conditions it was played in, which included driving rain and 45 mile-per-hour winds, isn’t even a factor in
preparing for the Wolfpack this time around.
“You know, we didn’t even look at the film,” Kelly said. “it wasn’t even part of our breakdown because it really didn’t give us anything. it was a poorly designed game plan by me. There was nothing there that we really wanted to go back and look at.
“We’ve changed our punt protection since that time, which obviously the punt was a huge play in the game. There’s really nothing that we could garner from that game. it really didn’t show truly who they were or who we were in that game because you just didn’t have the ability to exert force against the ground and be explosive and powerful.”
For Kelly, the disappointing loss was a microcosm of last season.
“When it rains it pours,” he said.
but this year, the i rish are back to their winning ways.
a nd while the danger to be complacent, especially after a big win over rival usc , may arise, Kelly said the i rish are dialed in.
“o ur mission from day one is to win a national championship,” Kelly said. “ … Look, you know, usc lost the game. They go home and get to play for the Pac-12 championship. That’s great. We don’t have anything else to play for. We’ve been in the Playoffs since we lost to g eorgia. every game is a Playoff for us. everybody is talking about, you know, getting to the Playoffs, getting to the Playoffs. every game we play is a Playoff game. o ur guys don’t know it any other way.
“e verybody else seems to have caught on with this idea that notre dame is playing
for a Playoff spot. We don’t have anything else to play for. That’s what we play for. We’re an independent football team, and our mission is to graduate all of our players and play for a national championship. That’s all we have. it’s not really any different than it was yesterday or the day before or last week.”
adams
a gainst the Trojans, junior running back Josh a dams continued his impressive campaign on the ground this season, amassing 191 yards on 19 carries and three touchdowns. d espite posting impressive numbers, a dams has only just begun to creep into the h eisman conversation. For Kelly, however, there’s still plenty of time for the junior to add to his resume.
“c oming out of last year, we were a 4-8 football team. e ven though he had two really good games, a great game at the end of the year, the h eisman is meant for, and this is how our team understands it, individual awards go to really good teams, too,” Kelly said. “Penn s tate was a really good team last year. Those that were in running for the h eisman all had good years last year. notre d ame did not have a very good year. We have to earn everything this year.
“a gain, we still have a lot of football left. We’re making up for lost ground. h e’s got to continue to play well. n otre d ame’s got to continue to play well. i think if you just hold your ballots until the end of the year, we’ll see where it falls from there.”
Contact Tobias Hoonhout at thoonhou@nd.edu
ANNA MASON | The Observer
Irish junior running back Josh Adams, left, receives a handoff from junior quarterback Brandon Wimbush and looks for an open lane during Notre Dame’s 49-14 win over USC on Saturday at Notre Dame Stadium.
ANNA MASON | The Observer
Irish senior defensive lineman Jonathan Bonner, center, rushes the quarterback during Notre Dame’s 49-14 win over USC on Saturday.
Kelly compliments Irish progress, previews focus for rest of season
By TOBIAS HOONHOUT Associate s ports e ditor
c oming off n otre d ame’s biggest win over U sc since 1977, Irish head coach b rian Kelly was happy with his team’s performance this past weekend.
“ o bviously pleased with our performance on s aturday,” Kelly said. “I think what we talked about was the net differential in points from last year to this year, then coming back and winning this year in the fashion that we did is indicative of all the work that they put in over the past year.
“ o ur football team knows what they need to do to continue to be successful. n ow it’s my job and our staff’s job to continue to see that that preparation and that mindset, you know, continues to evolve and develop on a day-to-day basis.
… It’s been 50 years since a n otre d ame football team has won in that kind of fashion. At the same time, it happens so rarely, you have to understand
nd finds success over fall break
Observer Sports Staff
The Irish continued their success over fall break at the Autotrader c lassic, hosted by g eorgia s outhern at The b erkeley h ills c ountry c lub in d uluth, g eorgia.
The first round proved tough for the Irish. d espite junior m iguel d elgado’s three-under round, the majority of the team finished over par, leaving the Irish at 9-over and toward the bottom of the leaderboard. n evertheless, the Irish showed resolve in the following two rounds, slowly climbing the rankings despite a major first round setback. Junior Kevin c onners, especially, bounced back from his first round 83, carding a 2-under 70 in the second round. Junior b en Albin also came to play in round two, carding an even-par 72 which included an eagle on the par-five third hole, while d elgado continued to master the course at b erkeley h ills,
shooting a 2-under 70. The second round bounceback left the Irish at 6-over-par as they climbed five spots in the rankings to third place. Thanks in large part to d elgado’s success, the team managed to maintain its third place spot by the end of the final round, as the junior carded another 2-under 70, leaving him in second place on the individual leaderboard. With d eglado’s 15 total birdies, the Irish managed to tally a third-place finish in a competitive field despite early obstacles. With fall break coming to a close, the Irish headed to Quail valley g olf c lub in vero b each, Florida, for the Quail valley Intercollegiate to wrap up their fall season. The team got off to a hot start, carding an 11-under par 277 in the opening round, leaving the Irish in first place at the culmination of the first round.
n o. 16 n otre d ame’s match against n o. 7 m ichigan s tate in e ast Lansing, m ichigan, Tuesday night was cancelled due to heavy rainfall and dropping temperatures.
The Irish’s final nonconference game against the s partans will not be rescheduled. n otre d ame (9-4-2, 3-2-2 A cc ) most recently defeated m ichigan s tate (11-2-2, 5-0-2 b ig Ten) 4-0 at the s partan’s d e m artin s occer c omplex on s ept. 22, 2015. The s partans have not defeated the Irish on their own home turf since 2009.
The Irish will have their last 2017 regular season game on Friday at 7 p.m. against n o. 3 n orth c arolina at Wake m ed s occer Park in c ary, n orth c arolina.
Squad shows growth in doubles at tournament
By CHARLIE ORTEGA GUIFARRO sports Writer
n otre d ame found success at the ITA m idwest r egional c hampionships — which were held o ct. 13 through 16 — in both doubles and singles tournaments.
Freshman c aroline d unleavy advanced to the event quarterfinals before dropping a close match to Illinois freshman e milee d uong. d unleavy was the last member of the Irish roster alive in the tournament coming into m onday. n otre d ame, however, also had two doubles teams in the quarterfinals s unday. Irish head coach Jay Louderback praised the success of the team in the competition held in Ann Arbor, m ichigan.
“I felt like we played very well. We’ve been working hard on our doubles this fall,” Louderback said. “I felt
FootbaLL
ANNA MASON | The Observer
Irish junior quarterback Brandon Wimbush turns to make a pitch during Notre Dame’s 49-14 win over USC on Saturday at Notre Dame Stadium. Wimbush accounted for four scores in the game.
see FooTbALL PaGe 11
Observer File Photo
Irish senior Brooke Broda hits a backhand during Notre Dame’s 5-2 win over Purdue on Feb. 22 at Eck Tennis Pavilion.
