fganh ikB~;iqLrd mQ"kk
Level C
Ac know l ed g e me nts
Academic Authors: Monika Dahiya, Sneha Sharma
Design & Production: Surendra Prajapati, Vishesh Agarwal
Project Lead: Sneha Sharma
VP, Learning: Abhishek Bhatnagar
All products and brand names used in this book are trademarks, registered trademarks or trade names of their respective owners.
© Uolo EdTech Private Limited
First edition 2025
Second edition 2026
This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher ’s prior written consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written
Book Title: Usha Hindi Pathyapustak Level C
ISBN: 978-81-983195-0-0
Published by Uolo EdTech Private Limited
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Printed by: Printpro Solutions
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All suggested use of the internet should be under adult supervision.
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^mQ"kk* iqLrd Üka`[kyk jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (NEP) 2020 rFkk jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ (NCF) 2022 osQ
fn'kk funsZ'kksa osQ vk/kj ij fufeZr gSA bl Üka`[kyk esa cPpksa osQ fodkl] ftKklk] #fp] vfHkO;fDr rFkk
mUeqDr lksp ij fo'ks"k è;ku fn;k x;k gSA bu iqLrdksa esa cksyus] lquus] i<+us vkSj fy[kus osQ fodkl dks izkFkfedrk nh xbZ gSA buesa fganh Hkk"kk dks vR;ar ljy ,oa jkspd :i esa cPpksa osQ lokZxh.k fodkl osQ
mn~ns'; ls izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA bl Üka`[kyk dks rhu Lrjksa esa izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gS] ftuesa cPpksa dh
vk;q vkSj ckSn~f/d fodkl dks è;ku esa j[kdj fofHkUu xfrfof/;k¡] dgkfu;k¡] dfork,¡ vkfn pquh xbZ gSaA
Ük`a[kyk dh fo'ks"krk,¡
● jkspd ,oa vkd"kZd dforkvksa o dgkfu;ksa dk p;uA
● jax&fcjaxs fp=kksa }kjk lq'kksfHkrA
● o.kZekyk ls lacaf/r fp=kksa o 'kCnksa }kjk 'kCn&HkaMkj dk fodklA
● vusd izdkj dh xfrfof/;ksa }kjk cPpksa esa dYiuk'khyrk c<+kus ij cyA
● lkekftd] uSfrd vkSj ekuoh; ewY;ksa dks lh[kus o le>us ij cyA
Hkk"kk lh[kus osQ fy, fofHkUu dkS'kyksa osQ fodkl ij fo'ks"k :i ls cy fn;k x;k gS%
1- Jo.k Hksn (Auditory Discrimination)
2- n`'; foHksnu {kerk (Visual Discrimination)
3- eksVj dkS'ky (Motor Skills)
4- laKkukRed fodkl (Cognitive Development)
5- lkekftd&HkkokukRed vkSj uSfrd fodkl (Social-Emotional and Ethical Development)
6- Hkk"kk vkSj lk{kjrk fodkl (Language and Literacy Development)
7- lkSan;Zcks/ fodkl vkSj dyk dk lekxe (Aesthetic Development and Arts Integration)
bl ikB~;iqLrd osQ lkFk fMftVy lkexzh fu%'kqYd çnku dh xbZ gS] tks cPpksa osQ lh[kus&le>us osQ vuqHko dks vkSj Hkh csgrj djsxkA gesa iw.kZ fo'okl gS fd ;g iqLrd Üka`[kyk fon~;kfFkZ;ksa osQ lokZxh.k fodkl esa lgk;d fln~/ gksxh vkSj mUgsa vkxs osQ Lrjksa esa fganh Hkk"kk dks le>us esa enn djsxhA
bl iqLrd esa------
^mQ"kk* iqLrd Ük`a[kyk esa fofHkUu dkS'kyksa o xfrfof/;ksa dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gS] tks cPpksa osQ lok±xh.k fodkl esa lgk;d gksaxsA
dgkuh% Hkk"kk osQ izfr #fp o okpu dkS'ky dk fodkl ,oa ckSfn~/d
{kerk ij cy
ys[ku&dk;Z% ys[ku osQ dkS'ky dk fodkl
'kCn Kku% nks] rhu o pkj v{kjksa okys 'kCnksa dk iBu o okD; jpuk dfork% Hkko] lkSan;Zcks/ o y; dh le> dk fodkl
o.kZekyk% Lojksa o O;atuksa ls 'kCn
HkaMkj ,oa xfrfof/;k¡
[ksy lekxe% [ksy vk/kfjr f'k{k.k xfrfof/;k¡
mPp Lrjh; dkS'ky% fopkj'khyrk ,oa jpukRedrk osQ fodkl gsrq fofHkUu xfrfof/;k¡
lkekU; Kku% vius ifjokj] okrkoj.k ,oa vU; fofHkUu fo"k;ksa dh tkudkjh o xfrfof/;k¡
ek=kk Kku% ek=kkvksa okys 'kCnksa dk iBu o xfrfof/;k¡
fo"k; lwph
ns[kks] lquks vkSj le>ks&
esjk uke jtr gSA
eSa Ng lky dk gw¡A
eq>s ihyk jax vPNk yxrk gSA
eq>s vke cgqr ilan gSA
esjk uke lyksuh gSA
eSa ik¡p lky dh gw¡A
eq>s gjk jax vPNk yxrk gSA
eq>s lsc cgqr ilan gSA
viuh ilan dk iQy cukvks vkSj mlesa jax Hkjks&
xksyw viuk tUefnu euk jgk gSA fp=k ns[kks vkSj mlosQ ckjs esa
ckr djks&
crkvks&
• vkidk tUefnu dc gksrk gS\ vki viuk tUefnu oSQls eukrs gks\
varj <w¡<+ks
fn, x, fp=kksa esa ik¡p varj gSaA mUgsa <w¡<+dj mu ij xksyk yxkvks&
canj vkSj Vksihokyk
fp=k ns[kks vkSj dgkuh cksyks&
,d fnu ,d Vksihokyk Vksih cspus fudkykA og
?kwe&?kwedj Fkd x;k vkSj ,d isM+ osQ uhps lks x;kA
lkjs canj uhps vk x, vkSj ,d&,d Vksih mBk
yhA og lc Vksih ysdj isM++ ij p<+ x,A
ml isM+ ij cgqr lkjs canj jgrs FksA canjkssa us jax&fcjaxh Vksfi;k¡ ns[khA
tc Vksihokyk mBk] rc mls dksbZ Vksih ugha fn[khA og ijs'kku gks x;kA
ij tSls gh mlus isM+ ij ns[kk] og gSjku gks
x;kA lHkh canjksa us mldh Vksfi;k¡ iguh FkhA
Vksihokys us ,d rjdhc lksphA mlus viuh Vksih mrkjh vkSj nwj isaQd nhA
canjksa us mldh udy dh vkSj viuh&viuh Vksih ”kehu ij isaQd nhA Vksihokys us lkjh Vksfi;k¡
mBkbZ vkSj ogk¡ ls pyk x;kA
xbZ js[kkvksa dks iwjk djks&
lh/h js[kk,¡ Vs<+h js[kk,¡
?kqekonkj js[kk,¡
v^v* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
^vk* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
dfork lquks vkSj nksgjkvks&
vEek >ViV /ksdj ykbZ] vkyw] vnjd osQ lkFkA
dkV mUgsa d<+kbZ esa Mkyk]
tyh gqbZ Fkh vkxA
vUuq Hkh mBkdj ykbZ]
ve:n] vke] vukuklA cksyh] ¶vEek] budks Hkh Mkyks]
cukvks rqe oqQN [kklA¸
vEek g¡ldj vUuq ls cksyh] ¶iQyksa dks ugha idkrsA
budks rks cl Nhy&dkVdj ,sls gh [kk tkrsA¸
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks
b^b* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
^bZ* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^b* ls beyh]
^bZ* ls bZ[k (b&bZ)
dfork lquks vkSj nksgjkvks&
^b* ls beyh [kV~Vh&[kV~Vh]
bMyh gS uedhuA
bejrh gksrh fdruh ehBh]
ge blosQ 'kkSdhuA
^bZ* ls bZ[k Hkh gksrh ehBh]
ih,¡ bldk jlA
^bZ* ls b±V dks ge u p[ksaxs]
vc gks x;k clA
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks&
[kV~Vh ph”kksa ij yky] ehBh ph”kksa ij uhyk vkSj uedhu ph”kksa ij gjk xksyk yxkvks
^m* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
m^mQ* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
jkLrk <w¡<+ks&
miou dh lSj (m&mQ)
mYyw] mQnfcyko vkSj mQ¡V miou esa gSaA rhukas us mQu ls vius fy, jkLrs
cuk, gaSA mUgsa vius&vius jkLrksa ls migkj rd ys tkvksA
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks
^½* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
Íf"k
lquks vkSj nksgjkvks&
xjeh
xjeh vkbZ] rs”k gS /wi]
?kj esa jgrs Ípk] vuwiA
ljnh
ljnh vkbZ] /wi Nqi xbZ]
tSosQV&Vksih Hkh fudy xbZA
Í fy[kks&
vkleku esa ckny Nk,]
Ne&Ne ckfj'k vk,A
cjlkr olar
cM+h lqgkuh gok pys] pkjksa vksj gSa iwQy f[kysA
^,* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
,M+h ,d ,drk
^,s* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
jktk vkSj ,sjkor (,&,s)
dgkuh lquks vkSj lqukvks&
,d jktk dk I;kjk ,sjkor]
uxj esa dgha HkVd x;kA
,dukFk us ,drkjk ctk;k] ,sjkor lqudj Hkkxk vk;kA
bZuke feysxk tks <w¡<s+xk] lSfud us ,syku fd;kA
jktk us ,dukFk dks cqyk;k] <sj lkjk bZuke idM+k;kA
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks
vks&vkS
^vks* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
vkssys vkss[kyh vkssl vkss<+uh
^vkS* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
vkS"kf/ vkSjr vkSykn vkS”kkj
fcYyh dks yx xbZ BaM (vks&vkS)
dfork lquks vkSj nksgjkvks&
ljnh esa vksl fxjh Fkh]
fcYyh jkuh Nhad jgh FkhA
,d vkSjr us mls mBk;k]
Vksdjh esa mls fcBk;kA
vkSjr us fudkyh vks[kyh]
owQV iRrksa dks cukbZ vkS"kf/A
fcYyh ls cksyh] vkS"kf/ [kkvks]
vkS"kf/ [kkdj Bhd gks tkvksA
fcYyh dk can gqvk tq[kke]
fcYyh dks fiQj feyk vkjkeA
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks&
^va* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
^v%* okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^v* ls ^v%* rd v{kjksa dks lgh ozQe esa tksM+dj fp=k iwjk
djks vkSj jax Hkjks&
v vk b bZ
I;klk dkSvk
fp=k ns[kks vkSj dgkuh cksyks&
,d fnu ,d dkSvk cgqr I;klk
FkkA og b/j&m/j ikuh <¡w<+ jgk
Fkk] ysfdu mls ikuh ugha feykA
fiQj mlus ,d ?kM+k ns[kkA dkSvk
[kq'kh&[kq'kh ?kM+s osQ ikl x;kA
ikl ls ns[kk rks ik;k fd ?kM+s esa
ikuh cgqr de FkkA dkSvk pksap ls ikuh ugha ih ik;kA
dkS,s us ,d rjdhc
lksphA mlus pksap ls
NksVs&NksVs iRFkj mBk,
vkSj ?kM+s esa Mkyus yxkA
/hjs&/hjs] ikuh Åij vk
x;k vkSj dkSvk ikuh ihus
yxkA dkSvk cgqr [kq'k
gqvkA mlus lh[kk] ^tc
dksbZ leL;k lkeus gks] rc
lksp&le>dj gy <¡w<+ksA*
vanj&ckgj osQ [ksy
fn, x, [ksyksa osQ uke cksyksA tks [ksy ge ?kj ;k dejs osQ
vanj [ksyrs gSa] mu ij xksyk yxkvks
jsyxkM+h
xqfM+;k
iqQVckWy
cSMfeaVu ckLosQV ckWy igsyh
fozQosQV ywMks
^d* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^[k* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
^x* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^?k* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
igsyh cw>ks vkSj lgh fp=k ls feykvks&
xqVj&xw¡] xqVj&xw¡ djrk gS]
[kqys vkleku esa mM+rk gSA
pkj ik¡o ij pyrh gS]
nw/ ;s gedks nsrh gSA
ehBs&ehBs Lokn okyk]
nsdj tkrk gesa iQyokykA
fVªax&fVªax ;s ctrh gS]
lqcg&lqcg txkrh gSA
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks&
vkvks fxurh lh[ksa
fp=k ns[kks] dfork lquks vkSj nksgjkvks&
,d rjcw”k
nks [kjcwts
rhu gSa cM+s iihrsA
pkj larjs
ik¡p lsc
Ng gSa gjs 'kjhisQA
lkr vke
vkB uk'kikrh
ukS gaS ihys osQysA
nl vaxwj osQ xqPNs
>ViV ;s lc ys ysA
ckfj'k vkbZ
Ne&Ne&NeA
xkM+h fudyh
ie&ie&ieA
ckny xjtk
xjZ&xjZ&xjZA
esa<d cksyk
VjZ&VjZ&VjZA
fpfM+;k cksyh
pha&pha&phaA
ukuh cksyh
''''''---------A
^p* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
fpfM+;k phy phowQ pkoy pk; ukp dk¡p ypd
^N* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks& Nrjh Nwuk fNiuk Nksys Ng exjePN eNyh Ne&Ne
t^t* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^>* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
dks fp=kksa ls feykvks&
pwgk
Nrjh tysch >juk twrk
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks&
d [k x ?k ³
p ls ×k rd fy[kks&
V^V* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
B^B* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^M* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
^<* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
igsyh cw>ks vkSj lgh fp=k ls feykvks&
xksy eVksy gS yky&yky]
gj lC”kh esa djs dekyA
pkj ifg;s gSa] ij xkM+h ugha]
/Ddk nks rks pyrk gS lghA
lans'k yk,] gj ?kj tk,]
lcdh [kqf'k;k¡ ogh c<+k,A
xksy&xksy gS] nks vksj ls ctrk]
lax xwats] fnyksa dks [kq'k djrkA
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks
BaMk ;k xje
oqQN ph”ksa BaaMh gksrh gSa vkSj oqQN xjeA nh xbZ ph”kksa osQ uke
cksyks vkSj xje ph”kksa ij xksyk yxkvks
lkspks vkSj crkvkss& fdlh ph”k dks BaMk djus osQ fy, ge mls fdlesa j[krs gSa\
r^r* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^Fk* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^n* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^/* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^u* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
ns[kks] lquks vkSj cw>ks&
gjs jax dk gksrk gw¡ eSa]
pksap gS esjh ykyA
dkSu gw¡ eSa ;s crkvks]
iwNw¡ rqels loky!
crkvks rks tkusa
lIksQn jax dk gksrk gS ;s] nsrk gedks rkdrA
ih xbZ eSa iwjk fxykl]
[kRe fd;k xVkxVA
BaMk Mkyks ;k xje]
j[krh mldks oSlk ghA xjeh] ljnh dke eSa vkrh]
crykvks esjk uke th!
Fkjel
ikuh esa ;s pyus okyh]
unh ikj djkrh gSA
ydM+h dh ;g cuh gqbZ]
cksyks D;k dgykrh gS\
ihl eq>s pVuh cuk yks]
;k Mkyks lC”kh ijA
xeys esa Hkh yx tkrk gw¡]
mxk yks eq>s rqe ?kj ijA
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks&
V B M < .k
r ls u rd fy[kks&
r Fk n /k u
rjcw”k
gjk&Hkjk rjcw”k cM+k]
vanj ehBk ikuh HkjkA
vanj gS yky] ckgj gjk]
D;k blus deky djkA
xjeh esa bldks [kk,¡xsa]
rk”kxh ls Hkj tk,¡xsaA
vPNh lsgr dk ;s lkFkh]
[kkyks blls rkdr vkrhA
vkvks R;ksgkj euk,¡
R;kssgkjksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj muosQ ckjs esa ckrphr djks&
fnokyh
vkbZ fnokyh] vkbZ fnokyh]
feydj nhi tykvks jsA
vPNs&vPNs diM+s iguks]
[kwc feBkbZ [kkvks jsA
u,&u, diM+s iguks]
nks rqe lcdks c/kbZA
ehBh&ehBh lsob;k¡ [kkvks]
ns[kks bZn gS vkbZA
gksyh
yks fipdkjh] jax Hkjks]
gkFk esa yks xqykyA
[ksyks gksyh lcosQ lkFk]
dj nks psgjs ykyA
fozQlel
fØlel&Vªh ij yVosQ gSa]
<sj lkjs migkjA
vkvks feydj lc euk,¡]
fozQlel dk R;ksgkjA
jk[kh
jk[kh dk I;kjk R;ksgkj]
fn[kk, HkkbZ&cgu dk I;kjA
jk[kh ck¡/ks] f[kykvks feBkbZ]
ys tkvks viuk migkjA
xq#iwjc
xq#iwjc dk fnu vk;k gS]
pyks pysa xq#n~OkkjsA
xq#xzaFk lkfgc dks ueu djsa]
lqus xq#ck.kh ge lkjsA
i^i* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
isM+ ikS/k ikuh ixM+h liuk lwi lisjk /wi
^iQ* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
ec^c* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
^Hk* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
^e* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
edku ped de
v{kj i<+ksA tks fp=k bl v{kj ls 'kq# u gks] ml ij xksyk yxkvks
fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks vkSj mudk igyk v{kj fy[kks
^;* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
^j* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^y* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^o* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^'k* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks& ^"k* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
l^l* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
^g* ls 'kq: gksus okys fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
; j y o
ls g rd fy[kks&
"k l g
o.kZekyk
fp=k ns[kdj mldk igyk v{kj fy[kks&
{kf=k; d{kk
f=k'kwy
f=kdks.k
Kkuh ;K
fp=k ns[kdj mldk igyk v{kj fy[kks&
Kkuh
dgkuh
canj vkSj dNqvk
fp=k ns[kks vkSj dgkuh cksyks&
rHkh ,d dNqvk ikl vk;k vkSj
cksyk] ¶canj HkkbZ] rqe D;k lksp jgs gks\¸
canj us dgk] ¶eSa lksp jgk gw¡ fd
unh esa owQnw¡ vkSj ns[kw¡ fd fdruh
nwj rd tk ldrk gw¡A
,d fnu ,d canj ,d unh osQ
fdukjs vk;kA mlus unh igyh ckj
ns[kh FkhA og cgqr [kq'k gqvkA canj
oQk eu unh esa owQnus dk gqvkA
dNq, us canj ls dgk] ¶;g Bhd ugha gSA rqe Mwc ldrs gksA¸ canj g¡lrs gq, cksyk] ¶eSa rqEgkjh
rjg Mjiksd ugha gw¡A eSa fdlh ls ugha MjrkA¸ ;g cksydj canj
owQn iM+kA tSls gh og unh esa
fxjk] mls Mj yxus yxkA canj
enn osQ fy, fpYykus yxkA
dNqvk rqjar mls cpkus vk;kA
canj dks lgh&lyker fdukjs
ij igq¡pk dj cksyk] ¶fcuk
lksps&le>s dksbZ dke ugha
djuk pkfg,A¸
canj us dNq, dk /U;okn
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¶rqe lp esa esjs vPNs nksLr gksA¸
?kM+k idkSM+
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lki Q
ns[kks vkSj 'kCn i<+ks&
lgh feyku djks&
vk vkx x n nl l bZ bZ[k [k
c cl l t ty y vk vke e y yM
yo Vc HkjA
gB er djA
Nr ij p<+A
vc ?kj pyA
jFk ij p<+A
rhu v{kj okys 'kCn
ns[kks vkSj 'kCn i<+ks&
d e y dey
u e d ued
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e x j exj c V u cVu Hk x r Hkxr
vkvks i<+sa&
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dy'k ugj ij j[kA
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iou xje eVj p[kA
dy'k b/j j[kA >xM+ erA
dye idM+ vkSj i<+A
jV erA le> dj i<+A
udy er djA
veu ?kj pyA
b/j&m/j er BgjA
gB er djA b/j pyA
cr[k er idM+A
Mj erA cl ij p<+A
'kCnksa dks i<+ks vkSj feykvks&
fp=kksa osQ uke fy[kks&
i<+ks vkSj fy[kks& egy py dj Hktu djA
jeu 'kgn p[kA b/kj vkA
fp=kksa dks ns[kks vkSj 'kCn i<+ks&
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p d u
vkvks i<+sa&
vuoj mBA mcVu eyA
>ViV vpdu iguA
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;g Fkjel idM+A
miou rd pyA
py dj dljr djA
oQuo uV[kV er cuA
dVgy m/j j[kA
vnjd vkSj 'kyxe idM+A
VeVe ij p<+A
b/j&m/j er VgyA
?kj pydj 'kjcr p[kA
vc ?kj pyA
cjxn ij er p<+A
'kyxe p[k dj j[kA
vpdu iguA
py 'kjcr p[kA
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eq>dks Hkh oqQN rkjs yk nks]
;s tx esa lcls I;kjs gSaA
vk (k) ns[kks] le>ks vkSj i<+ks&
vk (k) dh ek=kk yxkdj 'kCn cukvks&
b (f) dh ek=kk yxkdj 'kCn cukvks&
bZ (h) dh ek=kk yxkdj 'kCn cukvks&
& oQyh re & re cf<+;k cf<+;k m ( ) dh ek=kk yxkdj 'kCn cukvks&
iy & iy eu & eu tM+ tM+
mQ ( ) ns[kks] le>ks vkSj i<+ks&
vuj @ vukj dktw @ dkt
fgjuk @ gjuk ehy @ ewyh
ryk @ rkyk Hkwyk @ Hkkyw
iwQy @ iQy
cdjh @ cdhj
eNyh @ feNy
oqQNvk @ dNqvk
yM~Mw [kkdj Hkj x;k isV]
tYnh vc fcLrj ij ysVA
[kjkZVksa dk ep x;k 'kksj]
mB tk vc] gks xbZ gSHkksjA
gkFkh vk;k
gkFkh vk;k] gkFkh vk;k]
vius lax osQys Hkh yk;kA
osQyk [kkdj ekjh Mdkj]
fiQj yM~Mw ysus x;k ck”kkjA
,s ( ) ns[kks] le>ks vkSj i<+ks&
vks ( k) ns[kks] le>ks vkSj i<+ks&
t ks d j tksdj
(ks) e ks j eksj x ks y xksy r ks r k rksrk d ks ; y dks;y < ks y d <ksyd
Mksj 'kksj ;ksx pksj dksV ?kksM+k xksVh pksVh rksjh FkksM+k eksgu Vksdjh dksey ykseM+h Bksdj
<ksdyk iksVyh iks'kkd cksry Hkkstu lekslk v'kksd dVksjh v[+kjksV [kjxks'k
fp=k ns[kdj lgh 'kCn ij xksyk yxkvks&
@ xksy VeVe @ Vksdjh
@ Hktu ykseM+h @ ydM+h v[+kjksV @ vukj
vkS ( kS) ns[kks] le>ks vkSj i<+ks&
g Fk kS M+ k
gFkkSM+k
i d kS M+ k idkSM+k n kS M+ n kSM+ i kS / k ikS/k c
dkSu ykSV ekSu 'kkSd ukSdk pkSM+k pkSdh iQkSth vkSjr ukSdj nkSyr nkSM+uk pkS[kV ekSle jkSud
vkS”kkj ykSVuk gFkkSM+k ekSleh ckSuk kS f[kykS rkSfy;k pkSdhnkj lkSnkxj
vks (kS) dh ek=kk yxkdj 'kCn cukvks&
ns[kdj lgh 'kCn ij xksyk yxkvks&
fp=k ns[kks vkSj dgkuh cksyks&
ueLrs! eSa ,d jax&fcjaxh irax
gw¡A vkt lqcg gksrs gh xksyw
eq>s Mksjh ls ck¡/dj vkleku esa
mM+kus ys yk;kA eSa /hjs&/hjs mM+
jgh FkhA eSa cgqr [kq'k FkhA
fiQj vpkud rs”k gok dk ,d
>ksadk vk;kA eSa vkSj Å¡pk mM+us
yxhA eSa gok esa ,sls mM+ jgh
Fkh tSls eSa ,d i{kh cu xbZ gw¡A
Åij ls lkjs isM+] ?kj vkSj yksx
fdrus NksVs&NksVs fn[k jgs FksA
eSaus vkleku esa rSjrs gq, ckny
ns[ks vkSj lwjt dks Hkh Nwus dh
dksf'k'k dhA
rHkh ,d NksVh cPph vkbZA
mlus cM+s gh I;kj ls esjh Mksjh
[khaph vkSj eq>s isM+ ls ckgj fudky fn;kA /hjs&/hjs eSa fiQj
ls gok esa mM+us yxhA eq>s rks yxrk gS fd eSa iwjh nqfu;k ns[k
ldrh gw¡A
oqQN nsj ckn esjh Mksjh ,d
isM+ dh Vguh esa iaaQl xbZA eSa Mj xbZ] ¶vc eSa ckgj
oSQls vkÅ¡xh\¸
va ( ) ns[kks] le>ks vkSj i<+ks&
paæfcanq ( ) ns[kks] le>ks vkSj i<+ks&
dey pesyh
xqykc tqjkc
/ksrh FkSyk
lwjt pk¡n ewyh xktj
fdrkc
ghjk
dgkuh
phowQ vkSj ehowQ
fp=kksa dh lgk;rk ls dgkuh i<+ks&
phowQ vkSj ehowQ nks canj FksA os ,d&nwljs osQ fe=k
FksA ,d fnu [ksyrs&[ksyrs os ,d isM
osQ ikl vk x,A og osQys dk isM FkkA
phowQ cksyk] ^^pyks osQys [kkrs gSaA**
nksuksa canj isM ij p<+ x,A nksuksa us <sj lkjs osQys [kk, vkSj fNyosQ uhps ”kehu ij
isaQdrs x,A isV Hkjus osQ ckn phowQ uhps mrjkA
mldk iSj ,d fNyosQ ij iM+k vkSj og fiQly
x;kA mlosQ flj ij pksV yx xbZA ^^gk;] esjk flj!**
phowQ cksykA vc ehowQ Hkh uhps mrjk vkSj og Hkh ,d fNyosQ ij fiQly x;kA
^^gk;] esjh iw¡N**! ehowQ ph[kkA
phowQ cksyk] ^^gesa fNyosQ ;gk¡ ugha isaQdus pkfg, FksA
ml owQM+snku esa Mkyus pkfg, FksA** ehowQ cksyk] ^^vc ge dHkh ,slk ugha djsaxsA**
nksuksa canjksa us lkjs fNyosQ mBkdj
owQM+snku esa Mky fn, vkSj ?kj pys x,A
dfork lquks vkSj lqukvks&
;g esjh eqUuh gS]
uhyh bldh pqUuh gSA
yky vkSj ihyk lwV]
ik¡o esa igus uhys cwVA
gkFk esa blosQ c
ns[kks fdruh lqanj gSA
esjh eqUuh
vkvks oqQN dke
fn, x, fp=kksa dks ns[kksA crkvks ;s lc D;k dj jgs gSa&
fn, x, vkdkjksa dks iwjk djks vkSj buesa jax Hkjks&
xksy pkSdksj
f=kdks.k vk;r "kV~dks.k
vPNh vknrsa
ns[kks vkSj i<+ks fd ,d vPNk cPpk cuus osQ fy, gesa
D;k&D;k djuk pkfg,&
owQM+k owQM+snku esa MkyksA
vkil esa feytqy dj [ksyksA
viuh ph”ksa lgh
[kkuk [kkdj vius cjru vius vki j[kksA
?kj esa lcdh enn djksA
iqLrd osQ ckjs e
^mQ"kk* ikB~;iqLrd `a[kyk jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (NEP 2020) vkSj jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ :ijs•k (NCF 2022-23) osQ fn'kk&funsZ'kksa ij vk/kfjr gSA ;g lquus] cksyus] i<+us vkSj fy•us tSls ewy Hkk"kk dkS'kyksa dks lqxe vkSj ;kstukcn~/ fof/ ls fl•krh gSA jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (NEP 2020) osQ lq>koksa osQ vuqlkj ;g ikB~;iqLrd fon~;kfFkZ;kssa dks O;ogkj vkSj Hkk"kk dkS'ky fl•kus osQ i;kZIr volj miyC/ djkrh gSA lkFk&gh&lkFk fMftVy lalk/u lh[kus dh izfØ;k dks vkSj jkspd ,oa
izHkko'kkyh cukrs gSaA blosQ lkFk&lkFk ;g ikB~;iqLrd fon~;kfFkZ;kssa dks lkekftd&HkkoukRed :i ls lqn`<+ ,oa mRRkjnk;h ukxfjd cuus dh f'k{kk Hkh nsrh gSA
eq[; fo'ks"krk,¡
� fon~;kfFkZ;kssa oQh vk;q o Lrj osQ vuq:i Hkk"kk osQ laiw.kZ fodkl ij osaQfnzrA
� lquus] cksyus] i<+us o fy[kus tSlh Hkk"kk;h dkS'kyksa osQ fodkl dks izkFkfedrkA
� O;kdj.k vkSj 'kCn&HkaMkj ij cyA
� ckSn~f/d Lrj osQ vuq:i dgkfu;ksa] dforkvksa o xfrfof/;ksa dk p;uA
� vH;kl ,oa iqujkH;kl osQ vusd voljksa dh miyC/rkA
� lkekftd] uSfrd o ekuoh; ewY;ksa ls ifjfpr djkus ij cyA
� fon~;kfFkZ;kssa esa Lora=k :i ls lkspus vkSj lgh fu.kZ; ysus dh {kerk dk fodklA
� fMftVy lalk/uksa OksQ iz;ksx ij cyA
� f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa esa 21oha lnh osQ dkS'kyksa dk fodklA
UOLO osQ ckjs esa
Uolo K&12 fon~;ky;ksa osQ lkFk lk>snkjh djosQ rduhd&l{ke f'k{k.k dk;ZØe çnku djrk gSA gekjk ekuuk gS fd f'k{kk vkSj rduhd dks feydj dke djuk pkfg,] rkfd foLr`r Lrj ij lHkh fon~;kfFkZ;kssa dks csgrj f'k{k.k vuqHko çnku fd, tk losaQA Uolo Hkkjr] nf{k.k&iwoZ vkSj eè;&iwoZ ,f'k;k osQ 15,000 ls vfèkd fon~;ky;ksa osQ lkFk dke djrk gSA
ISBN 978-81-983195-0-0 hello@uolo.com
