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12 I recall the explanation that the designer Angela Danadjieva gave as to what inspired her design for a fountain in a park her firm was commissioned to design in downtown Anchorage. She answered: “Admiring the form of ice and play of sunlight of the face of the Portage Glacier where it met the lake gave me the inspiration for the Town Square Fountain in

Anchorage.” 13 The mechanical system of a fountain produces the many ways that water can be moved, such as in a spray, circulating and moving up and down over fountain surfaces, dripping, bubbling, splashing, and even remaining still. 14 Cercidium parkinsonia. 15 Tom Turner, City as Landscape (Spon Press, London, 1996). 16 Context with a capital C. 17 The word tenet is used here to suggest a list of beliefs or principles that may be used as initial design principles to consider but not as doctrines to be rigidly followed. 18 Roger Trancik, Finding Lost Space: Theories of Urban Design (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1986). 19 The feeling that the air temperature is somehow lower may be a psychological response rather than an actual physical difference.

A few good references to further satisfy your curiosity on landscape design principles: Travis Beck, Principles of Ecological Landscape Design, Island Press, Washington, DC, 2013. Michael Boylan (ed.), Environmental Ethics, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, 2014. Catherine Dee, Form and Fabric in Landscape Architecture: A Visual Introduction, Taylor & Francis, London, 2001. J.B. Jackson, A Sense of Place, A Sense of Time, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1994. Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac, Oxford University Press, New York, 1968. John M. Marzluff et al. (eds.), Urban Ecology: An International Perspective on the Interaction Between Humans and Nature, Springer Science + Business Media, New York, 2008. Ian L. McHarg, Design with Nature, 25th Anniversary Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 1995, originally 1970. Anne Whiston Spirn, The Language of Landscape, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1998. Ervin Zube (ed.), Landscapes: Selected Writings of J.B. Jackson, University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, MA, 1970.

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