Solution Manual for Introduction to Sociology 3rd edition Conerly

Type:

Solution Manual

Resource:

Introduction to Sociology

Edition:

3rd Edition

Author(s):

Tonja R. Conerly Kathleen Holmes Asha Lal Tamang

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 1 An Introduction to Sociology

Section Quiz 1.1 What Is Sociology?

1. Which of the following best describes sociology as a subject?

Answer: C 2.

C. Wright Mills once said that sociologists need to develop a sociological ________________ to study how society affects individuals.

Answer: B 3.

A sociologist defines society as a group of people who reside in a defined area, share a culture, and who: Answer: A 4. Seeing patterns means that a sociologist needs to be able to: Answer: C 1.2 The History of Sociology 5. Which of the following was a topic of study in early sociology?

Answer: B 6. Which founder of sociology believed societies changed due to class struggle?

Answer: B 7.

Weber believed humans could not be studied purely objectively because they were influenced by: Answer: B

1.3 Theoretical Perspectives 8. Which of these theories is most likely to look at the social world on a micro level?

Answer: D 9. Who believed that the history of society was one of class struggle?

Answer: B 10. Who coined the phrase symbolic interactionism?

Answer: A 11. A symbolic interactionist may compare social interactions to: Answer: D 12. Which research technique would most likely be used by a symbolic interactionist?

Answer: B

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

1.4 Why Study Sociology?

13. Kenneth and Mamie Clark used sociological research to show that segregation was: Answer: B 14. What did the Clark's use in their experiment?

Answer: C 15. Studying sociology helps people analyze data because they learn: Answer: D 16. Berger describes sociologists as concerned with: Answer: C 17. Berger writes that sociology Answer: C Short Answer 1.1 What Is Sociology?

1. What do you think C. Wright Mills meant when he said that to be a sociologist, one had to develop a sociological imagination?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define sociological imagination; does not mention associated concepts; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines sociological imagination but not associated concepts; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer may define OR exemplify personal troubles and public issues; attempt to interpret Wright’s meaning without a clear statement of meaning; few writing errors.

Answer defines and explains concept; defines AND exemplifies personal troubles AND public issues; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2. Describe a situation in which a choice you made was influenced by societal pressures.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer includes no mention of specific societal pressures; includes no examples; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses a societal pressure; attempts to exemplify may appear but examples may be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer may discuss several societal pressures or provide indepth description of a specific societal pressure; attempt to exemplify may be flawed or incomplete; few writing errors.

Answer clearly describes several forms of societal pressure; connects these examples to the concept of social facts (or other major introductory concept); draws specific conclusion regarding the influence of these pressures; includes almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

1.2 The History of Sociology 3. What do you make of Karl Marx’s contributions to sociology? What perceptions of Marx have you been exposed to in your society, and how do those perceptions influence your views?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly list any of Marx’s contributions; does not mention associated concepts; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer attempts to describe Marx’s contribution; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses conflict perspective; attempt to apply conflict perspective; few writing errors.

Answer defines and explains conflict perspective; exemplifies a personal opinion towards Marx and conflict perspective; explains origin of personal opinion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

4.

Do you tend to place more value on qualitative or quantitative research? Why? Does it matter what topic you are studying?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define either concept; opinion on preferred method is unsupported; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer attempts to define both concepts; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; no clear opinion of preferred method is developed;noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies both concepts; attempts to explain a preference on method; few writing errors.

Answer defines and explains both concepts; provides clear explanation of why one method is well suited to a particular topic; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

1.3 Theoretical Perspectives 5. Which theory do you think better explains how societies operate—structural functionalism or conflict theory? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define either perspective; no explanation on which is better; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Point Value

0

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines both perspectives; attempts to explain which perspective is better are unsupported; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer explains both perspectives; develops an argument in favor of one perspective; few writing errors.

Answer explains both perspectives; develops an argument in favor of one perspective over another; discusses why the alternate perspective is inferior; almost no writing errors.

2

3

Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.

Do you think the way people behave in social interactions is more like the behavior of animals or more like actors playing a role in a theatrical production? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly identify dramaturgical perspective; there is no clear argument; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines dramaturgical perspective and expresses a preference for an argument; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer explains both perspectives; develops an argument in favor of one perspective; provides clear examples in support of their position; few writing errors.

Answer explains both perspectives; develops an argument in favor of one perspective over another; discusses why the alternate perspective is inferior; provides clear, well-chosen examples in support of their opinion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

1.4 Why Study Sociology?

7. How do you think taking a sociology course might affect your social interactions?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer provides minimal, vague, disorganized content; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer expresses a clear opinion relating sociology to social interactions; examples are lacking; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer expresses a clear and well developed opinion relating sociology, the influence of sociology on the individual and how these influence social interaction; provides an example; few writing errors.

Answer expresses a clear and well developed opinion relating sociology, the influence of sociology on the individual and how these influence social interaction; provides clear, wellchosen examples in support of their opinion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

8.

What sort of career are you interested in? How could studying sociology help you in this career?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer provides minimal, vague, disorganized content; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer expresses an understanding of which jobs someone with a sociology degree can obtain; examples are lacking; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer expresses an understanding of why sociology prepares someone a particular career; provides an example; few writing errors.

Answer expresses an understanding of specific skills developed through studying sociology; connects those skills to a specific career; provides several examples almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 2 Sociological Research

Section Quiz 2.1 Approaches to Sociological Research 1. The 1st step of the scientific method: Answer: C 2.

A measurement is considered ________if it actually measures what it is intended to measure, according to the topic of the study.

Answer: C 3.

Sociological studies test relationships in which change in one ________ causes change in another.

Answer: C 4.

In a study, a group of ten-year-old boys are fed doughnuts every morning for a week and then weighed to see how much weight they gained. Which factor is the dependent variable?

Answer: D 5. Which statement provides the best operational definition of “childhood obesity”?

Answer: C 2.2 Research Methods 6. Which materials are considered secondary data?

Answer: B 7. Why is choosing a random sample an effective way to select participants?

Answer: D 8.

What research method did John S. Lynd and Helen Merrell Lynd mainly use in their Middletown study?

Answer: C

9. Which research approach is best suited to the scientific method?

Answer: A 10. The main difference between ethnography and other types of participant observation is: Answer: D 11. Which best describes the results of a case study?

Answer: B

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

12. Using secondary data is considered an unobtrusive or ________ research method.

Answer: A 2.3 Ethical Concerns 13. Which statement illustrates value neutrality?

Answer: B 14. Which person or organization defined the concept of value neutrality?

Answer: D 15. To study the effects of fast food on lifestyle, health, and culture, from which group would a researcher ethically be unable to accept funding?

Answer: A Short Answer 2.1 Approaches to Sociological Research 1. Write down the first three steps of the scientific method. Think of a broad topic that you are interested in and which would make a good sociological study—for example, ethnic diversity in a college, homecoming rituals, athletic scholarships, or teen driving. Now, take that topic through the first steps of the process. For each step, write a few sentences or a paragraph: 1) Ask a question about the topic. 2) Do some research and write down the titles of some articles or books you’d want to read about the topic. 3) Formulate a hypothesis.

Rubric: Rating/ Fails to Meet Needs Meets Exceeds Evaluation Expectations Improvement Expectations Expectations Criteria Answer does not Answer defines Answer defines Answer defines correctly define scientific method scientific method scientific method scientific method; but not associated and most of and associated does not mention steps; attempts to associated steps; steps; correctly associated steps; exemplify may attempts to apply applies all steps; writing is poor appear but be most steps; some almost no writing and contains incorrect; applications may errors. numerous noticeable writing be incorrect; few grammatical errors, but not writing errors. mistakes and enough to impede misspellings. a reader’s understanding.

Point Value 0 1 2 3 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

2.

Explain the correlation between accuracy, validity, and reliability in the research method?

2.2 Research Methods

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

3.

Instructor Answer Guide

What type of data do surveys gather? For what topics would surveys be the best research method? What drawbacks might you expect to encounter when using a survey?

To explore further, ask a research question and write a hypothesis. Then create a survey of about six questions relevant to the topic. Provide a rationale for each question. Now define your population and create a plan for recruiting a random sample and administering the survey.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe survey research; does not respond to follow up questions; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement Answer defines survey research; attempts to respond to some follow up questions; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Meets Expectations Answer defines survey research and explains when it is an appropriate method; responds to follow up questions; attempts to provide survey questions but these may be too vague; few writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

4.

Exceeds Expectations Answer defines survey research and explains when it is an appropriate method and when it is not; responds to all follow up questions; provides specific survey questions; almost no writing errors.

3

Imagine you are about to do field research in a specific place for a set time. Instead of thinking about the topic of study itself, consider how you, as the researcher, will have to prepare for the study. What personal, social, and physical sacrifices will you have to make?

How will you manage your personal effects? What organizational equipment and systems will you need to collect the data?

Rubric: Rating/ Fails to Meet Needs Meets Exceeds Evaluation Expectations Improvement Expectations Expectations Criteria Answer discusses Answer develops Answer develops Answer develops a topic of study; thoughtful thoughtful thoughtful does not respond response to most response to most response to most to follow up follow up follow up follow up questions; writing questions; questions; one or questions; several is poor and noticeable writing two examples are well-chosen contains errors, but not provided but may examples are numerous enough to impede not be well described in grammatical a reader’s chosen; few depth; almost no understanding. writing errors. writing errors.

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

mistakes and misspellings.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

5.

Create a brief research design about a topic in which you are passionately interested. Now write a letter to a philanthropic or grant organization requesting funding for your study.

How can you describe the project in a convincing yet realistic and objective way? Explain how the results of your study will be a relevant contribution to the body of sociological work already in existence.

Rubric: Rating/ Fails to Meet Needs Meets Exceeds Evaluation Expectations Improvement Expectations Expectations Criteria Answer attempts Answer describes Answer provides Answer defines to describe a a research design a detailed research and explains research design; and provides a design and research design; writing is poor brief letter to a provides a letter provides a and contains general cause; to a specific persuasive letter numerous noticeable writing organization; few to an appropriate grammatical errors, but not writing errors. organization; mistakes and enough to impede concludes by misspellings. a reader’s placing proposed understanding. research in sociological context; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 3 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

2.3 Ethical Concerns 6. Why do you think the ASA crafted such a detailed set of ethical principles? What type of study could put human participants at risk? Think of some examples of studies that might be harmful. Do you think that, in the name of sociology, some researchers might be tempted to cross boundaries that threaten human rights? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Fails to Meet Needs Meets Exceeds Evaluation Expectations Improvement Expectations Expectations Criteria Answer discusses Answer details Answer may Answer defines ASA ethics; does ASA ethical define OR explain and explains ASA not refer to principles; most of the ASA ethical principles; existing studies or provides context ethical principles; provides several draw conclusions; regarding their attempts to examples of writing is poor purpose; attempts discuss potentially and contains to draw problematic harmful research; numerous conclusion studies; speculates takes a clear grammatical regarding human on research design position on ethics mistakes and rights; noticeable that makes in human misspellings. writing errors, but principles vital; research; almost not enough to attempts to no writing errors. impede a reader’s conclude why understanding. researchers may

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

violate human rights; few writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

7. Would you willingly participate in a sociological study that could potentially put your health and safety at risk, but had the potential to help thousands or even hundreds of thousands of people? For example, would you participate in a study of a new drug that could cure diabetes or cancer, even if it meant great inconvenience and physical discomfort for you or possible permanent damage?

Rubric: Rating/ Fails to Meet Needs Meets Exceeds Evaluation Expectations Improvement Expectations Expectations Criteria Answer provides Answer provides Answer provides Answer provides one or two several several several sentences of paragraphs of paragraphs of paragraphs of minimal response; thought provoking thought provoking thought provoking writing is poor response; response that response that and contains noticeable writing includes detailed includes detailed numerous errors, but not OR well-chosen AND well-chosen grammatical enough to impede examples; few examples; offers a mistakes and a reader’s writing errors. personal context misspellings. understanding. for the concluding statements; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 3 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 3 Culture

Section Quiz 3.1 What is Culture 1.

The terms ________ and ________ are often used interchangeably, but have nuances that differentiate them.

Answer: B 2.

The American flag is a material object that denotes the United States of America; however, there are certain connotations that many associate with the flag, like bravery and freedom. In this example, what are bravery and freedom?

Answer: D 3. The belief that one’s culture is inferior to another culture is called: Answer: C 4. The irrational fear of hatred of anther culture is called: Answer: B 5.

Rodney and Elise are U.S. students studying abroad in Italy. When they are introduced to their host families, the families kiss them on both cheeks. When Rodney’s host brother introduces himself and kisses Rodney on both cheeks, Rodney pulls back in surprise. Where he is from, unless they are romantically involved, men do not kiss one another. This is an example of: Answer: A

6. Most cultures have been found to identify laughter as a sign of humor, joy, or pleasure.

Likewise, most cultures recognize music in some form. Music and laughter are examples of: Answer: D 3.2 Elements of Culture 7. A nation’s flag is: Answer: A 8.

The existence of social norms, both formal and informal, is one of the main things that inform known as a way to encourage social conformity.

Answer: C

9. The biggest difference between mores and folkways is that Answer: A 10. The notion that people cannot feel or experience something that they do not have a word for can be explained by: This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Answer: B

11. Cultural sanctions can also be viewed as ways that society: Answer: C

3.3 Pop Culture, Subculture, and Cultural Change 12. An example of high culture is ________ , whereas an example of popular culture would be ________.

Answer: A 13. The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture?

Answer: A 14. Modern-day hipsters are an example of: Answer: C 15.

Your eighty-three-year-old grandmother has been using a computer for some time now.

As a way to keep in touch, you frequently send emails of a few lines to let her know about your day. She calls after every email to respond point by point, but she has never emailed a response back. This can be viewed as an example of: Answer: A 16.

Some jobs today advertise in multinational markets and permit telecommuting in lieu of working from a primary location. This broadening of the job market and the way that jobs are performed can be attributed to: Answer: D 17. The major difference between invention and discovery is: Answer: B 18. McDonald’s restaurants are found in almost every country around the world. What is this an example of: Answer: A 3.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Culture 19.

A sociologist conducts research into the ways that Hispanic American students are historically underprivileged in the U.S. education system. What theoretical approach is the sociologist using?

Answer: C 20.

Members of a counterculture movement believed that the economic disparity between the highest and the mid to lower economic classes is growing at an

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

exponentially alarming rate. A sociologist who studies that movement by examining the interactions between its members would most likely use what theoretical approach?

Answer: A

21.

What theoretical perspective views society as having a system of interdependent inherently connected parts?

Answer: B The “American Dream”—the notion that anybody can be successful and rich if they work hard enough—is most commonly associated with which sociological theory?

Answer: C 22.

Short Answer 3.1 What is Culture 1.

Examine the difference between material and nonmaterial culture in your world. Identify ten objects that are part of your regular cultural experience. For each, then identify what aspects of nonmaterial culture (values and beliefs) that these objects represent. What has this exercise revealed to you about your culture?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define two kinds of culture; does not respond to follow up questions; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines two kinds of culture; offers a few objects in example; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines two kinds of culture; lists ten objects that are part of culture; explains what kind of culture each one represents; few writing errors.

Answer defines two kinds of culture; lists ten objects that are part of culture; explains what kind of culture each one represents; offers insightful conclusion about personal culture; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

2.

Do you believe that feelings of ethnocentricity or xenocentricity are more prevalent in U.S. culture? Why do you believe this? What issues or events might inform this?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define ethnocentrism or xenocentrism; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer correctly defines ethnocentrism OR xenocentrism; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not

Answer defines and exemplifies both concepts; states which is present more often in the U.S.; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies both concepts; states which is present more often in the U.S.; places their conclusion in the

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Introduction to Sociology 3e. and misspellings.

Instructor Answer Guide enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

context of politics and other current events; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3.2 Elements of Culture 3.

What do you think of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? Do you agree or disagree with it? Cite examples or research to support your point of view Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly identify the scope or meaning of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines Sapir-Whorf; develops a position regarding its usefulness; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines Sapir-Whorf; develops a position regarding its usefulness; provides an example in support of position; few writing errors.

Answer defines Sapir-Whorf; develops a position regarding its usefulness; discusses counterarguments; provides several wellchosen examples in support of position; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

4.

How would the elimination of a social norm influence your culture? Describe the positive and negative effects.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define social norm; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines social norm; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; attempts to draw conclusion regarding role of norms in society; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies social norm; draws conclusion regarding role of norms in society; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies social norm; draws conclusion regarding role of norms in society; takes clear position regarding whether chaos would occur in absence of norms; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3.3 Pop Culture, Subculture, and Cultural Change 5.

Identify several examples of popular culture and describe how they inform larger culture.

How prevalent is the effect of these examples in your everyday life?

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define popular culture; does not mention examples; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines popular culture; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines popular culture; provides several varied examples of popular culture; few writing errors.

Answer defines popular culture; provides several varied examples of popular culture; places effect of popular culture in a personal context; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6.

Consider some of the specific issues or concerns of your generation. Are any ideas countercultural? What subcultures have emerged from your generation? How have the issues of your generation expressed themselves culturally? How has your generation made its mark on society’s collective culture?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly culture, subculture, or counterculture; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines various kinds of culture; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines various kinds of culture; offers specific examples tied to specific generation; few writing errors.

Answer defines various kinds of culture; offers specific examples tied to specific generation; describes personal connection or impact of a subculture to personal experience; describes impact of generation on current culture; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

7.

What are some examples of cultural lag that are present in your life? Do you think technology affects culture positively or negatively? Explain.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define culture lag; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines culture lag; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s

Answer defines and exemplifies culture lag; attempts to describe impact of technology on culture; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies culture lag; clearly describes impact of technology on culture; concluding remarks explain position; almost no writing

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide understanding.

errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Culture 8.

Consider a current social trend that you have witnessed, perhaps situated around family, education, transportation, or finances. For example, many veterans of the Armed Forces, after completing tours of duty in the Middle East, are returning to college rather than entering jobs as veterans as previous generations did. Choose a sociological approach— functionalism, conflict theory, or symbolic interactionism—to describe, explain, and analyze the social issue you choose. Afterward, determine why you chose the approach you did. Does it suit your own way of thinking? Or did it offer the best method to illuminate the social issue?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe any sociological perspective or social issues; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly describes one perspective; attempts to exemplify social issue may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer thoroughly describes a perspective; discusses a social issue in a general way; provides personal reflection regarding the usefulness of the chosen perspective; few writing errors.

Answer thoroughly describes a perspective; discusses and analyzes a specific social issue; provides personal reflection regarding the usefulness of the chosen perspective; discusses alternative perspectives and why chosen perspective was or was not a good fit; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 4 Society and Social Interaction

Section Quiz 4.1 Types of Societies 1.

Which of the following fictional societies is an example of a pastoral society?

Answer: C 2.

Which of the following occupations is a person of power most likely to have in an information society?

Answer: A 3. Which of the following societies were the first to have permanent residents?

Answer: C 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society 4. Organic solidarity is most likely to exist in which of the following types of societies?

Answer: B 5. According to Marx, the ________ own the means of production in a society.

Answer: C Which of the following best depicts Marx’s concept of alienation from the process of one’s labor?

Answer: A

6.

7.

The Protestant work ethic is based on the concept of predestination, which states that ________.

Answer: D

8.

The concept of the iron cage was popularized by which of the following sociological thinkers?

Answer: A 9. Émile Durkheim’s ideas about society can best be described as ________.

Answer: A 4.3 10.

Social Constructions of Reality Mary works full-time at an office downtown while her young children stay at a neighbor’s house. She’s just learned that the childcare provider is leaving the country. Mary has succumbed to pressure to volunteer at her church, plus her ailing mother-in-law will be moving in with her next month. Which of the following is likely to occur as Mary tries to balance her existing and new responsibilities?

Answer: A

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

11. According to Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, society is based on ________.

Answer: A Paco knows that women find him attractive, and he’s never found it hard to get a date.

But as he ages, he dyes his hair to hide the gray and wears clothes that camouflage the weight he has put on. Paco’s behavior can be best explained by the concept of ________.

Answer: B 12.

Short Answer 4.1 Types of Societies 1.

In which type or types of societies do the benefits seem to outweigh the costs? Explain your answer, and cite social and economic reasons.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define society; does not offer any explanation; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines society without providing any subtypes; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines society and lists subtypes; explains answer without citing social OR economic reasons; few writing errors.

Answer defines society and lists AND exemplifies subtypes; explains answer, citing social AND economic reasons; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

2.

Is Gerhard Lenski right in classifying societies based on technological advances?

What other criteria might be appropriate, based on what you have read?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe Lenski’s classification system; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes Lenski’s system with examples; mentions alternate criteria; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes Lenski’s system with examples; describes alternate criteria in detail; few writing errors.

Answer describes Lenski’s system with examples; describes alternate criteria in detail; provides detailed examples to support a clear conclusion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society 3.

Choose two of the three sociologists discussed here (Durkheim, Marx, Weber), and use their arguments to explain a current social event such as the Occupy movement.

Do their theories hold up under modern scrutiny?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer summarizes one theoretical perspective; discussion may contain inaccuracies; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer summarizes two theoretical perspectives; discussion may contain inaccuracies; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer summarizes two theoretical perspectives; applies both perspectives to a current social event; some applications may be incorrect; few writing errors.

Answer summarizes two theoretical perspectives; applies both perspectives to a current social event; applies a critical eye to both theories in a modern context; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

4.

Think of the ways workers are alienated from the product and process of their jobs.

How can these concepts be applied to students and their educations?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is not thoughtful or detailed; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer clearly identifies conflict perspective and associated concepts; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer clearly identifies conflict perspective and associated concepts; attempts to apply one or more concepts to students and education; some applications may be incorrect; few writing errors.

Answer clearly identifies conflict perspective and associated concepts; clearly applies one or more concepts to students and education using detailed and well chosen examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

4.3 Social Constructions of Reality 5.

Draw a large circle, and then “slice” the circle into pieces like a pie, labeling each piece with a role or status that you occupy. Add as many statuses, ascribed and achieved, that you have. Don’t forget things like dog owner, gardener, traveler, student, runner, employee. How many statuses do you have? In which ones are there role conflicts?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define microanalytical concepts; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines most microanalytical concepts; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines status, role, status set, role set, ascribed and achieved status; role conflict; examples are offered but may be incorrect, repetitive, or a poor fit; few writing errors.

Answer defines status, role, status set, role set, ascribed and achieved status; role conflict; examples are varied and well chosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

Think of a self-fulfilling prophecy that you’ve experienced. Based on this experience, do you agree with the Thomas theorem? Use examples from current events to support your answer as well.

Rubric:

6.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly identify the Thomas Theorem; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes the Thomas theorem; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes the Thomas theorem and self-fulfilling prophecy; personal example and example from current events are offered; few writing errors.

Answer describes the Thomas theorem and self-fulfilling prophecy; personal examples and examples from current events are offered; conclusion states clear position on the theorem; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 5 Socialization

Section Quiz 5.1 Theories of Self-Development 1. Socialization, as a sociological term, describes: Answer: B 2. Harlow’s study on rhesus monkeys showed that: Answer: D 3. What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg’s conventional level?

Answer: C 4. What did Carol Gilligan believe earlier researchers into morality had overlooked?

Answer: C 5. What is one way to distinguish between psychology and sociology?

Answer: D 5.2 Why Socialization Matters 6. Why do sociologists need to be careful when drawing conclusions from twin studies?

Answer: D From a sociological perspective, which factor does not greatly influence a person’s socialization?

Answer: C 7.

8. Chris Langan’s story illustrates that: Answer: C 5.3

Agents of Socialization

9.

Why are wealthy parents more likely than poor parents to socialize their children toward creativity and problem solving?

Answer: A

10. How do schools prepare children to one day enter the workforce?

Answer: D 11. Which one of the following is not a way people are socialized by religion Answer: B 12.

Which of the following is a manifest function of schools?

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Answer: B 13. Which of the following is typically the earliest agent of socialization?

Answer: B 5.4 Socialization Across the Life Course 14. Which of the following is not an age-related transition point when Americans must be socialized to new roles?

Answer: A 15. Which of the following is true regarding U.S. socialization of recent high school graduates?

Answer: C Short Answer 5.1 Theories of Self-Development 1.

Think of a current issue or pattern that a sociologist might study. What types of questions would the sociologist ask, and what research methods might he employ? Now consider the questions and methods a psychologist might use to study the same issue.

Comment on their different approaches.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly differentiate sociology from psychology; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer correctly differentiates sociology from psychology; attempts to exemplify but attempts may be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer correctly differentiates sociology from psychology; provides one example but example lacks detail; few writing errors.

Answer correctly differentiates sociology from psychology; provides example; explanation is detailed; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2.

Explain why it’s important to conduct research using both male and female participants. What sociological topics might show gender differences? Provide some examples to illustrate your ideas.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss gender; differences; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses gender and gender differences; attempts to provide an example; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses gender and gender differences; provides a sociological topic that might show gender differences; few writing errors.

Answer discusses gender and gender differences; provides two or more wellchosen sociological topics that might show gender differences; examples clearly illustrate ideas; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

5.2 Why Socialization Matters 3. Why are twin studies an important way to learn about the relative effects of genetics and socialization on children? What questions about human development do you believe twin studies are best for answering? For what types of questions would twin studies not be as helpful?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe socialization; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses socialization with reference to existing twin studies; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses socialization and genetics with reference to existing twin studies; develops a general conclusion regarding the purpose of twin studies; few writing errors.

Answer discusses socialization and genetics with reference to existing twin studies; develops a strong conclusion regarding the purpose and limits of twin studies; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

4.

Why do you think that people like Chris Langan continue to have difficulty even after they are helped through societal systems? What is it they’ve missed that prevents them from functioning successfully in the social world?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly identify Chris Langan; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer refers specifically to the Chris Langan story; develops an opinion about his social status; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer correctly summarizes the Chris Langan story; applies the sociological imagination to connect his personal troubles with public issues; few writing errors.

Answer summarizes the Chris Langan story; applies the sociological imagination to connect his personal troubles with public issues; offers a critical assessment of what prevented his success; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

5.3 Agents of Socialization 5. Do you think it is important that parents discuss gender roles with their young children, or is gender a topic better left for later? How do parents consider gender norms when buying their children books, movies, and toys? How do you believe they should consider it?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define gender; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines gender; mentions when to discuss gender with children; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer differentiates sex and gender; develops a firm opinion on when to discuss gender with children; briefly mentions gender norms and toys; few writing errors.

Answer differentiates sex and gender; develops a wellsupported opinion on when to discuss gender with children; provides examples to illustrate how gender norms influence toy purchases; discusses how parents should consider gender when buying toys; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.

Based on your observations, when are adolescents more likely to listen to their parents or to their peer groups when making decisions? What types of dilemmas lend themselves toward one social agent over another?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is minimal and lacks detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer attempts to develop an opinion but wanders off topic; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer develops an opinion and provides clear examples to illustrate opinion; few writing errors.

Answer develops a firm, well-supported opinion and provides clear, well-chosen examples to illustrate opinion; conclusion discusses specific dilemmas; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

5.4 Socialization Across the Life Course 7. Consider a person who is joining a sorority or fraternity, attending college or boarding school, or even a child beginning kindergarten. How is the process the student goes through a form of socialization? What new cultural behaviors must the student adapt to?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is minimal consists primarily of opinion; does not offer any explanation; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines socialization and provides example related to entering new environments; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines socialization and mentions resocialization; provides several examples related to entering new environments; few writing errors.

Answer defines socialization and mentions resocialization; discusses total institutions; provides several well-chosen examples related to entering new environments; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

8. Do you think resocialization requires a total institution? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define resocialization or total institution; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer correctly defines resocialization and total institution; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer correctly defines total institution and resocialization; provides a brief explanation; opinion may not be obvious; few writing errors.

Answer correctly defines total institution and resocialization; provides a detailed explanation in support of a clear opinion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 6 Groups and Organizations

Section Quiz 6.1 Types of Groups 1. What does a Functionalist consider when studying a phenomenon like the Occupy Wall Street movement?

Answer: C 2. What is the largest difference between the Functionalist and Conflict perspectives and the Interactionist perspective?

Answer: D 3. What role do secondary groups play in society?

Answer: A 4. When a high school student gets teased by her basketball team for receiving an academic award, she is dealing with competing: Answer: C 5. Which of the following is not an example of an in-group?

Answer: D 6. What is a group whose values, norms, and beliefs come to serve as a standard for one's own behavior?

Answer: C 7. A parent who is worrying over her teenager’s dangerous and self-destructive behavior and low self-esteem may wish to look at her child’s: Answer: D 6.2 Group Size and Structure 8. Two people who have just had a baby have turned from a ________ to a ________.

Answer: B 9. Who is more likely to be an expressive leader?

Answer: C 10. Which of the following is not an appropriate group for democratic leadership?

Answer: A 11. In Asch’s study on conformity, what contributed to the ability of subjects to resist conforming?

Answer: D

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

12. Which type of group leadership has a communication pattern that flows from the top down?

Answer: A 6.3 Formal Organizations 13. Which is not an example of a normative organization?

Answer: D 14. Which of these is an example of a total institution?

Answer: A 15. Why do people join utilitarian organizations?

Answer: B 16. Which of the following is not a characteristic of bureaucracies?

Answer: A 17. What are some of the intended positive aspects of bureaucracies?

Answer: D 18. What is an advantage of the McDonaldization of society?

Answer: C 19. What is a disadvantage of the McDonaldization of society?

Answer: A Short Answer 6.1 Types of Groups 1. How has technology changed your primary groups and secondary groups? Do you have more (and separate) primary groups due to online connectivity? Do you believe that someone, like Levy, can have a true primary group made up of people she has never met? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define primary or secondary groups; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines primary and secondary groups; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines primary and secondary groups; responds to each question briefly; few writing errors.

Answer defines primary and secondary groups; responds to each question with detail; provides examples in support of opinion in response to final question; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2. Compare and contrast two different political groups or organizations, such as the Occupy and Tea Party movements, or one of the Arab Spring uprisings. How do the groups differ in terms of leadership, membership, and activities? How do the group’s goals influence participants? Are any of them in-groups (and have they created out-groups)? Explain your answer.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer discusses one political group; there is no attempt to compare that group to another; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses two political groups without comparing and contrasting them; attempts to explain concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts two political groups; discusses concepts; discusses how goals influence members; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts two political groups in detail; discusses concepts; discusses how goals influence members; examples are varied and well-chosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3. The concept of hate crimes has been linked to in-groups and out-groups. Can you think of an example where people have been excluded or tormented due to this kind of group dynamic?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define hate crime; does not offer any examples; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines hate crime; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies hate crime; connects an example to an ingroup/out-group dynamic; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies hate crime; connects several well-chosen examples to an ingroup/out-group dynamic; develops a clear opinion regarding what conditions are conducive to hate crimes; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.2 Group Size and Structure 4.

Think of a scenario where an authoritarian leadership style would be beneficial.

Explain. What are the reasons it would work well? What are the risks?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define authoritarian leadership style; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines authoritarian leadership; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines authoritarian leadership; provides an example of when this style is appropriate; may discuss potential drawbacks OR advantages without detail; few writing errors.

Answer defines authoritarian leadership; provides an example of when this style is appropriate; discusses potential drawbacks AND advantages in detail; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

5.

Describe a time you were led by a leader using, in your opinion, a leadership style that didn’t suit the situation. When and where was it? What could she or he have done better?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer describes a scenario with a leader but does not correctly identify any leadership style; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly describes a group situation that involved poor leadership and explains why the leadership was a poor fit; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes a group situation that involved poor leadership and explains with detail why the leadership was a poor fit; few writing errors.

Answer describes a group situation that involved poor leadership and explains with detail why the leadership was a poor fit; suggests which leadership style would have worked better; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Imagine you are in Asch’s study. Would you find it difficult to give the correct answer in that scenario? Why or why not? How would you change the study now to improve it?

Rubric: 6.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe or explain Asch’s study; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly describes Asch’s study; attempts to explain may appear but be incomplete; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes and explains Asch’s study with some detail; acknowledges the power of peer pressure; few writing errors.

Answer describes and explains Asch’s study with extensive detail; acknowledges the power of peer pressure; suggests a contemporary version of the study; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

7.

What kind of leader do you tend to be? Do you embrace different leadership styles and functions as the situation changes? Give an example of a time you were in a position of leadership and what function and style you expressed.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not specifically mention any leadership styles; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer identifies a specific leadership style; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer identifies a specific leadership style; explains how style may change with context and task; brief example may appear; few writing errors.

Answer identifies a specific leadership style; explains how style may change with context and task; provides detailed example to illustrate leadership style; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.3 8.

Formal Organizations What do you think about the recent spotlight on fast food restaurants? Do you think they contribute to society’s ills? Do you believe they provide a needed service? Have you ever worked a job like this? What did you learn?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss fast food or social problems with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses fast food in relation to a specific social problem; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses fast food and social problems; discusses pros and cons of working in fast food industry; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies fast food and social problems; references McDonaldization; discusses pros and cons of working in fast food industry; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

Do you consider today’s large companies like General Motors, Amazon, or Facebook to be bureaucracies? Why, or why not? Which of the main characteristics of bureaucracies do you see in them? Which are absent?

Rubric: 9.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define bureaucracy; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines bureaucracy without providing any characteristics; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines bureaucracy and lists most associated characteristics; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; may incorrectly conclude that these large companies are not bureaucracies; few writing errors.

Answer defines bureaucracy and lists all associated characteristics; concludes that large companies are bureaucracies; describes each characteristic with examples from those companies; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

10. Where do you prefer to shop, eat out, or grab a cup of coffee? Large chains like Walmart or smaller retailers? Starbucks or a local restaurant? What do you base your decisions on?

Does this section change how you think about these choices? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not mention McDonaldization writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer mentions McDonaldization; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines McDonaldization and lists four aspects; responds to questions briefly without detail; few writing errors.

Answer defines McDonaldization; lists AND exemplifies all four aspects; explains answer in terms of influence of chapter on decision; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Chapter 7

Deviance, Crime, and Social Control Section Quiz 7.1 Deviance and Control 1. Which of the following best describes how deviance is defined?

Answer: D 2.

During the civil rights movement, Rosa Parks and other Black protestors spoke out against segregation by refusing to sit at the back of the bus. This is an example of ________.

Answer: B 3. A student has a habit of talking on their cell phone during class. One day, the professor stops the lecture and asks the student to respect the other students in the class by turning off the phone. In this situation, the professor used ________ to maintain social control.

Answer: A 4. Societies practice social control to maintain ________.

Answer: B 5.

One day, you decide to wear pajamas to the grocery store. While you shop, you notice people giving you strange looks and whispering to others. In this case, the grocery store patrons are demonstrating Answer: C 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance 6. A student wakes up late and realizes their sociology exam starts in five minutes. They jump into the car and speed down the road, where they are pulled over by a police officer. The student explains that they are running late, and the officer lets them off with a warning. The student’s actions are an example of ________.

Answer: A 7.

According to C. Wright Mills, which of the following people is most likely to be a member of the power elite?

Answer: B 8. According to social disorganization theory, crime is most likely to occur where?

Answer: A

9.

According to the concept of the power elite, why would a celebrity such as Charlie Sheen commit a crime?

Answer: B 10.

A convicted sexual offender is released on parole and arrested two weeks later for repeated sexual crimes. How would labeling theory explain this?

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Answer: A 11. ________ deviance is a violation of norms that result in a person being labeled a deviant.

Answer: C 7.3 Crime and the Law 12. Which of the following is an example of corporate crime?

Answer: A 13. Spousal abuse is an example of a ________.

Answer: C 14. Which of the following situations best describes crime trends in the United States?

Answer: A 15. What is a disadvantage of the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)?

Answer: B Short Answer 7.1 Deviance and Control 1. If given the choice, would you purchase an unusual car such as a hearse for everyday use?

How would your friends, family, or significant other react? Since deviance is culturally defined, most of the decisions we make are dependent on the reactions of others. Is there anything the people in your life encourage you to do that you don’t? Why don’t you?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define deviance; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines norms and deviance; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines norms and deviance; responds to each question briefly; few writing errors.

Answer norms and deviance; responds to each question with detail; provides examples in support of opinion in response to final question; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2. Think of a recent time when you used informal negative sanctions. To what act of deviance were you responding? How did your actions affect the deviant person or persons? How did your reaction help maintain social control?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly sanctions; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes informal and negative sanctions; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes informal and negative sanctions; briefly discusses social control; offers an example drawn from real life; few writing errors.

Answer describes informal and negative sanctions and relates these to social control; well-chosen, real life example clearly illustrates how action affected deviant person; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance 3.

Pick a famous politician, business leader, or celebrity who has been arrested recently. What crime did he or she allegedly commit? Who was the victim? Explain his or her actions from the point of view of one of the major sociological paradigms. What factors best explain how this person might be punished if convicted of the crime?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer may summarize the crime of a famous person in a sentence; does not correctly describe a theoretical perspective on the crime; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly mentions an alleged crime; describes a theoretical perspective; attempts to connect theory to example may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes an alleged crime with some detail; briefly describes a theoretical perspective; correctly connects theory to example; few writing errors.

Answer describes an alleged crime with detail; describes a theoretical perspective in detail; correctly connects theory to example; concludes by discussing factors that best describe a potential punishment; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

If we assume that the power elite’s status is always passed down from generation to generation, how would Edwin Sutherland explain these patterns of power through differential association theory? What crimes do these elite few get away with?

Rubric: 4.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe the power elite or differential association; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer mentions the power elite and accurately discusses differential association theory; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes and exemplifies the power elite and accurately discusses differential association theory; examples are provided; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies the generational nature of the power elite; discusses and exemplifies differential association theory; examples connect differential association theory to the power elite; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

7.3 5.

Crime and the Law Recall the crime statistics presented in this section. Do they surprise you? Are these statistics represented accurately in the media? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer offers no critical assessment of crime statistics; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer refers to examples of crime statistics; develops an opinion on their accuracy and depiction in the media; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer refers to examples of crime statistics from more than one source; develops a critical analysis of their accuracy and depiction in the media; few writing errors.

Answer refers to examples of crime statistics from more than one source; develops a critical analysis of their accuracy, why they differ by source, and how they are depicted in the media; clearly explains opinion in response to final question; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 8 Media and Technology

Section Quiz 8.1 Technology Today 1.

Jerome is able to use the Internet to select reliable sources for his research paper, but Charlie just copies large pieces of web pages and pastes them into his paper. Jerome has ________ while Charlie does not.

Answer: C 2.

The ________ can be directly attributed to the digital divide, because differential ability to access the internet leads directly to a differential ability to use the knowledge found on the Internet.

Answer: B

3.

The fact that your cell phone is using outdated technology within a year or two of purchase is an example of ________.

Answer: D 4. The history of technology began ________.

Answer: A 8.2 Media and Technology in Society 5. When it comes to technology, media, and society, which of the following is true?

Answer: C 6.

If the U.S. Patent Office were to issue a patent for a new type of tomato that tastes like a jellybean, it would be issuing a ________ patent.

Answer: B 7.

Which of the following is the primary component of the evolutionary model of technological change?

Answer: D 8. Which of the following is not a form of new media?

Answer: A 9. Research regarding video game violence suggests that ________.

Answer: D 10. Comic books, Wikipedia, MTV, and a commercial for Coca-Cola are all examples of: Answer: A

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

8.3 11.

Global Implications of Media and Technology When Japanese scientists develop a new vaccine for swine flu and offer that technology to U.S. pharmaceutical companies, ________ has taken place.

Answer: B

12.

In the mid-90s, the U.S. government grew concerned that Microsoft was a ________, exercising disproportionate control over the available choices and prices of computers.

Answer: A 13. The movie Babel featured an international cast and was filmed on location in various nations. When it screened in theaters worldwide, it introduced a number of ideas and philosophies about cross-cultural connections. This might be an example of: Answer: D 14. Which of the following is not a risk of media globalization?

Answer: B 15. The government of ________ blocks citizens’ access to popular new media sites like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter.

Answer: A 8.4 16.

Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology A parent secretly monitoring the babysitter through the use of GPS, site blocker, and nanny cam is a good example of: Answer: D

17.

The use of Facebook to create an online persona by only posting images that match your ideal self exemplifies the ________ that can occur in forms of new media.

Answer: A 18. ________tend to be more pro-technology, while ________ view technology as a symbol of the coldness of modern life.

Answer: B 19. When it comes to media and technology, a functionalist would focus on: Answer: C 20. When all media sources report a simplified version of the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing, with no effort to convey the hard science and complicated statistical data behind the story, is probably occurring.

Answer: A

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Short Answer 8.1 Technology Today 1. Can you think of people in your own life who support or defy the premise that access to technology leads to greater opportunities? How have you noticed technology use and opportunity to be linked, or does your experience contradict this idea?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not specifically mention technology; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes technology and its influence; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes technology and its influence; responds to each question briefly; few writing errors.

Answer describes technology and its influence ; responds to each question with detail; provides examples in support of position on technology; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

2.

Should the U.S. government be responsible for providing all citizens with access to the Internet? Or is gaining Internet access an individual responsibility?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and lacks a clear point of view; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer refers to one or two sociological concepts such as the digital divide; attempts to explain concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes and exemplifies two or more sociological concepts related to Internet access; discusses Internet access issues and the responsibility of governments to address them; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies several sociological concepts and issues related to Internet access; discusses the responsibility of governments to address Internet access; examples are varied and wellchosen; expresses a sociologically informed opinion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

3.

How have digital media changed social interactions? Do you believe it has deepened or weakened human connections? Defend your answer.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define hate crime; does not offer any examples; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines hate crime; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies hate crime; connects an example to an ingroup/out-group dynamic; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies hate crime; connects several well-chosen examples to an ingroup/out-group dynamic; develops a clear opinion regarding what conditions are conducive to hate crimes; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 3 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

4.

Conduct sociological research. Google yourself. How much information about you is available to the public? How many and what types of companies offer private information about you for a fee? Compile the data and statistics you find. Write a paragraph or two about the social issues and behaviors you notice.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not develop a sociological approach to the question; does not offer any examples; does not mention statistics; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer attempts a sociological approach to privacy; refers to statistics in a general way; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer provides a sociological approach to privacy; refers to specific statistics; examples may appear vague or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer applies a clear sociological perspective on googling oneself and information as a commodity; offers specific statistics to illustrate social issues related to public dissemination of private information; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

8.2 Media and Technology in Society 5.

Where and how do you get your news? Do you watch network television? Read the newspaper? Go online? How about your parents or grandparents? Do you think it matters where you seek out information? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not mention media consolidation OR homogenization; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer mentions media consolidation OR homogenization; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes media consolidation AND homogenization; provides examples; may discuss potential drawbacks OR advantages without detail; few writing errors.

Answer describes AND exemplifies media consolidation AND homogenization; discusses impact; refers to potential drawbacks AND advantages in detail; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6.

Do you believe new media allows for the kind of unifying moments that television and radio programming used to? If so, give an example.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is limited to listing forms of new media; examples are poorly chosen and/or confusing; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly describes new media without discussing traditional media; attempts to exemplify but examples may be inadequate; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes both new media and traditional media; provides an example of unifying moments; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies both new media and traditional media; provides a thoughtful example of unifying moments in new media compared to traditional media; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

7.

Where are you most likely to notice advertisements? What causes them to catch your attention?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and poorly worded; does not address question directly; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly addresses question; attempts to explain may appear but be incomplete; example is provided but could be a better fit; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer offers a clear response to the question; mentions the way in which they catch the attention; identifies a specific example of advertising; few writing errors.

Answer describes several different ads across a variety of new and traditional media; specifically; identifies why they are persuasive; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

8.3 8.

Global Implications of Media and Technology Do you believe that technology has indeed flattened the world in terms of providing opportunity? Why, or why not? Give examples to support your reason.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss technology with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses technology in a general way; attempts to provide an example of how it made the world flat, but the example is inadequate; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer identifies several specific forms of technology and how they facilitate global connections; provides an example; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies specific forms of technology; connects these examples to globalization; offers a firm sociological conclusion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

9.

Where do you get your news? Is it owned by a large conglomerate (you can do a web search and find out!)? Does it matter to you who owns your local news outlets? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not address media consolidation; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses media consolidation; attempts to explain and exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses media consolidation; attempts to explain and exemplify may appear but be incomplete; an opinion on local news ownership is offered but not justified; few writing errors.

Answer explains and exemplifies media consolidation and the impact of consolidation on the individual; an opinion on local news ownership is offered and supported with facts; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

10. Who do you think is most likely to bring innovation and technology (like cell phone businesses) to Sub-Saharan Africa: nonprofit organizations, governments, or businesses?

Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer responds to question as if it were directed to the African continent rather than SubSaharan Africa; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer recognizes the distinction between the African continent and SubSaharan Africa; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer responds to question briefly without detail; specifies which organization is motivated to introduce technology in underserved areas; few writing errors.

Answer responds to question with examples; identifies at least a few specific Sub-Saharan countries; specifies which organization is motivated to introduce technology in underserved areas and explains why; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

8.3 Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology 11. Contrast a functionalist viewpoint of digital surveillance with a conflict perspective viewpoint.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer mentions one theoretical perspective with little detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses conflict and functional perspective without connecting either theory correctly to digital surveillance; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer explains conflict and functional perspective; compares OR contrasts the perspectives in the context of digital surveillance; few writing errors.

Answer explains conflict and functional perspective; compares AND contrasts the perspectives in the context of several forms of digital surveillance; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

12. In what ways has the Internet affected how you view reality? Explain using a symbolic interactionist perspective.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe the symbolic interaction perspective; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines symbolic interaction perspective; attempts to connect perspective to how the Internet affects view on reality may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes symbolic interaction perspective; uses perspective to explain how the Internet affects view on reality; few writing errors.

Answer describes symbolic interaction perspective; uses perspective to explain how the Internet affects view on reality referring specifically to the social construction of reality; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

13. Describe how a cyberfeminist might address the fact that powerful female politicians are often demonized in traditional media.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not mention feminism or cyberfeminism; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer mentions cyberfeminism; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes cyberfeminism; discusses the demonization of female politicians in a vague way; few writing errors.

Answer offers a thorough description of cyberfeminism; critically analyzes the depiction of specific female politicians from a cyberfeminist perspective; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

14. The issue of airplane-pilot exhaustion is an issue of growing media concern. Select a theoretical perspective, and describe how it would explain this.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not mention any theoretical perspectives; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer mentions one of the major sociological perspectives; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines one of the major sociological perspectives; responds to question briefly without connecting it to theory; few writing errors.

Answer describes one of the major sociological perspective and analyzes airplanepilot exhaustion using that perspective; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

15. Would you characterize yourself as a technophile or a Luddite? Explain, and use examples.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define technophile or Luddite; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer mentions technophiles and Luddites; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines technophile and Luddite; responds to question briefly without detail; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies technophile and Luddite; offers examples in support of response; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Chapter 9 Social Stratification in the United States Section Quiz 9.1 What is Social Stratification?

1. What factor makes caste systems closed?

Answer: B 2. Which of these systems allows for the most social mobility?

Answer: D 3. Which person best illustrates opportunities for upward social mobility in the United States?

Answer: B 4. Which statement illustrates low status consistency?

Answer: C 5. Based on meritocracy, a physician’s assistant would: Answer: D 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States 6. In the United States, most people define themselves as: Answer: A 7. The behaviors, customs, and norms associated with a class are known as: Answer: A 8. Which of the following scenarios is an example of intergenerational mobility?

Answer: D 9. Occupational prestige means that jobs are: Answer: B 9.3 Global Stratification and Inequality 10. How do traditional models of global stratification break down different categories of countries?

Answer: A 11. Which event created a significant divide between Western Europe/America and the rest of the world?

Answer: A 12. The GNI PPP figure represents: Answer: C

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

9.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification 13. The basic premise of the Davis-Moore thesis is that the unequal distribution of rewards in social stratification: Answer: C 14. Unlike Davis and Moore, Melvin Tumin believed that, because of social stratification, some qualified people were ________ higher –level job positions.

Answer: A 15. Which statement represents stratification from the perspective of symbolic interactionism?

Answer: B 16. When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers: Answer: B 17. Conflict theorists view capitalists as those who: Answer: D Short Answer 9.1 What is Social Stratification?

1. Track the social stratification of your family tree. Did the social standing of your parents differ from the social standing of your grandparents and great-grandparents? What social traits were handed down by your forebears? Are there any exogamous marriages in your history?

Does your family exhibit status consistencies or inconsistencies?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define social stratification or any other relevant concept; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses mobility, exogamy, and the family tree; attempts to exemplify concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses inter- and intragenerational mobility; responds to each question briefly; few writing errors.

Answer discusses inter- and intragenerational mobility, exogamy; status consistency, and the family tree; responds to each question with some detail; provides well-chosen examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2.

Review the concept of stratification. Does your family have wealth? What is the overall family income? What kind of employment do your caregivers/parents/guardians have? Where would you guess you fall within the social classes (low, middle, or high)?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not include or properly define any of the core terms such as stratification, income, or wealth, and only addresses the questions in a surface manner.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer mentions some of the key concepts, such as stratification and wealth, and attempts to answer at least one of the sub-questions, but may not do so correctly or completely.

Answer properly includes the concepts of stratification and wealth, and correctly answers the subquestions; answers are not complete or detailed.

Answer properly includes the concepts of stratification and wealth, and correctly answers the subquestions with examples and details.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3.

Where did your family grow up? What is their understanding of the American Dream and how you can achieve it? Does your family share the same understanding of stratification?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not address the question; even if it does mention something about the respondent's family.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer attempts to describe at least some aspects of their family background in relation, and addresses each component of the question, but does not demonstrate a clear understanding of stratification.

Answer answers each component of the question and clearly articulates an understanding of stratification.

Answers do not include detail or examples.

Answer answers each component of the question and clearly articulates an understanding of stratification.

Answers include detail and examples to illustrate the points.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States 4.

Which social class do you and your family belong to? Are you in a different social class than your grandparents and great-grandparents? Does your class differ from your social standing, and, if so, how? What aspects of your societal situation establish you in a social class?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define social class; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines social class and describes social mobility; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines social class and describes social mobility; explains which factors determine social class and socioeconomic status; few writing errors.

Answer defines, exemplifies, and contrasts the concepts social class and socioeconomic status; describes social mobility; explains which factors determine social class and socio-economic status; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

5.

What class traits define your peer group? For example, what speech patterns or clothing trends do you and your friends share? What cultural elements, such as taste in music or hobbies, define your peer group? How do you see this set of class traits as different from other classes either above or below yours?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss class traits; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly describes one or two class traits; examples are lacking; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes and exemplifies several class traits with some detail; discusses a difference in class traits between different social classes vaguely; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies several class traits; compares and contrasts specific traits with class above or class below; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.

Write a list of ten to twenty class traits that describe the environment of your upbringing.

Which of these seem like true class traits, and which seem like stereotypes? What items might fall into both categories? How do you imagine a sociologist might address the conflation of class traits and stereotypes?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe class traits or stereotypes; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly describes class traits and stereotypes; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incomplete; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes class traits; lists at least 10 class traits; mentions stereotypes; few writing errors.

Answer describes class traits and stereotypes; lists at least 15 class traits; develops a sociological opinion regarding the intersection of class traits and stereotypes; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

9.3 Global Stratification and Inequality 7.

What does it mean for a country to be seen as “underdeveloped”? What about “developed”? How does this shape our perception of the citizens within those countries?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss differences between the two terms in any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses the difference between underdeveloped and developed countries and mentions the perception of citizens.

But does not use any examples; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses the difference between underdeveloped and developed countries and provides a specific answer regarding our perception of citizens.

However, the response does not explore the topic with examples or connections.

Answer discusses the difference between underdeveloped and developed countries and provides a specific answer regarding our perception of citizens.

Answer uses examples in each portion of the response, and provides detail.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

8.

Compare a family that lives in a grass hut in Ethiopia to an American family living in a trailer home in the Unites States. Assuming both exist at or below the poverty levels established by their country, how are the families’ lifestyles and economic situations similar and how are they different?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer in unable to develop a clear perspective on different types of poverty; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer mentions absolute OR relative poverty; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines absolute AND relative poverty; examples appear but are simplistic; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies absolute AND relative poverty; offers a nuanced understanding of the difference between a wealthy and impoverished country; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

9.3 Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification 9.

Analyze the Davis-Moore thesis. Do you agree with Davis and Moore? Does social stratification play an important function in society? What examples can you think of that support the thesis? What examples can you think of that refute the thesis?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe the Davis-Moore thesis; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes the Davis-Moore thesis; develops an opinion on it; no examples are offered; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes the Davis-Moore thesis; develops an opinion on it; provides supporting examples OR examples that undermine thesis; few writing errors.

Answer describes the Davis-Moore thesis; critically analyzes it; provides examples in support of thesis AND examples that undermine thesis; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

10. Consider social stratification from the symbolic interactionist perspective. How does social stratification influence the daily interactions of individuals? How do systems of class, based on factors such as prestige, power, income, and wealth, influence your own daily routines, as well as your beliefs and attitudes? Illustrate your ideas with specific examples and anecdotes from your own life and the lives of people in your community.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe social stratification or symbolic interaction; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes social stratification and symbolic interaction; attempts to respond to follow up questions may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes social stratification, symbolic interaction, prestige, power, wealth; briefly responds to follow up questions; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer describes social stratification, symbolic interaction, prestige, power, wealth in detail; thoroughly responds to follow up questions; examples are well-chosen and clearly illustrate how stratification influences social interaction; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 10 Global Inequality

Section Quiz 10.1 Global Classification and Stratification?

1. A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a ________ perspective to understand the global economy.

Answer: B 2.

A ________ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure.

Answer: A 3. A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would: Answer: D 4. France might be classified as which kind of nation?

Answer: B 5.

In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their U.S. factories and relocated to China. This is an example of: Answer: D 10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty 6. Slavery in the pre-Civil War U.S. South most closely resembled: Answer: A 7.

Maya is a twelve-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in ________ poverty.

Answer: B 8. Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in: Answer: D 9.

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing: Answer: B

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

10.

In a U.S. town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. It sells goods to the workers at inflated prices, offers house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and makes sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This situation most closely resembles: Answer: C 9.3 Theoretical Perspectives on Global Stratification 11. One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize Answer: A 12. One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize ________.

Answer: C 13.

If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using ________ theory to study the global economy.

Answer: A

14.

If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor highincome nations over low-income nations, he is a: Answer: B

15.

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that: Answer: D

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Short Answer 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification 1.

Consider the matter of rock-bottom prices at Walmart. What would a functionalist think of Walmart's model of squeezing vendors to get the absolute lowest prices so it can pass them along to core nation consumers?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe functionalism; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines functionalism and applies perspective to Walmart; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines functionalism and applies perspective to Walmart; provides a response to follow up question; few writing errors.

Answer defines functionalism and applies perspective to Walmart; provides a response to follow up question; provides examples in support of opinion in response to follow-up question; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

Why do you think some scholars find Cold War terminology (“first world” and so on) objectionable?

Rubric:

2.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe Cold War terminology; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes Cold War terminology; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes Cold War terminology; examples appear but may be inadequate or repetitive; discusses major issues with use of terminology; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies Cold War terminology; discusses major issues with use of terminology, including ethnocentrism; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

3.

Give an example of the feminization of poverty in core nations. How is it the same or different in peripheral nations?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe or exemplify the feminization of poverty; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes the feminization of povety; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes the feminization of poverty; provides an example that may be inadequate; compares feminization of poverty in core and peripheral nations; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies the feminization of poverty in core nations compared to peripheral nations; examples are varied and well-chosen; lists its causes/effects; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

4.

Pretend you are a sociologist studying global inequality by looking at child labor manufacturing Barbie dolls in China. What do you focus on? How will you find this information? What theoretical perspective might you use?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not incorporate a sociological perspective; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer incorporates a sociological perspective; attempts to connect perspective to child labor may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer incorporates a sociological perspective; connects perspective to child labor in the context of global inequality; few writing errors.

Answer incorporates a sociological perspective; connects perspective to child labor in the context of global inequality; identifies a specific area of focus for studying child labor and global inequality AND identifies a potential source of data; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty 5. Consider the concept of subjective poverty. Does it make sense that poverty is in the eye of the beholder? When you see a homeless person, is your reaction different if he or she is seemingly content versus begging? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe poverty with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer is vague; does not address all components of the question; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses all components of the question; provides general examples; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies subjective poverty; offers a nuanced response to all components of the question; acknowledges the complexity inherent in the issue of homelessness; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6.

Think of people among your family, your friends, or your classmates who are relatively unequal in terms of wealth. What is their relationship like? What factors come into play?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe the concept of wealth with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer is vague; does not address all components of the question; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses all components of the question; provides general examples; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies wealth as a source of social status; examples are varied and wellchosen; offers a nuanced response to both questions; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

7.

Go to your campus bookstore or visit its web site. Find out who manufactures apparel and novelty items with your school’s insignias. In what countries are these produced? Conduct some research to determine how well your school adheres to the principles advocated by USAS. Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss fast food or social problems with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses fast food in relation to a specific social problem; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses fast food and social problems; discusses pros and cons of working in fast food industry; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies fast food and social problems; references McDonaldization; discusses pros and cons of working in fast food industry; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

10.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Global Stratification 8. There is much criticism that modernization theory is Eurocentric. Do you think dependency theory is also biased? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe modernization or dependency theory; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes modernization and dependency theory; develops an opinion on whether both are equally biased; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes modernization and dependency theory; develops thoughtful opinion on whether both are equally biased; few writing errors.

Answer describes modernization and dependency theory; discusses pros and cons of both theories; develops opinion, supported with examples, on whether both are equally biased; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

9.

Compare and contrast modernization theory and dependency theory. Which do you think is more useful for explaining global inequality? Explain, using examples.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe modernization or dependency theory; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes modernization and dependency theory; develops an opinion on which is more useful; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes modernization and dependency theory; provides a critical analysis of why one is more useful than another; few writing errors.

Answer describes modernization and dependency theory; discusses pros and cons of both theories; develops opinion, supported with examples, on whether one is more useful than the other; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 11 Race and Ethnicity

Section Quiz 11.1 Racial, Ethnic, and Minority Groups 1. The racial term “African American” can refer to: Answer: D 2. What is the one defining feature of a minority group?

Answer: C 3. Ethnicity describes shared: Answer: D 4. Which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group?

Answer: D 5. Scapegoat theory shows that: Answer: B 11.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Ethnicity

6.

As a White person in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of: Answer: C 7. Speedy Gonzalez is an example of: Answer: B

11.3 Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination 8. Stereotypes can be based on: Answer: D 9. What is discrimination?

Answer: B 10. Which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact?

Answer: C

11.4 Intergroup Relationships

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

11. Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance?

Answer: C 12. What doctrine justified legal segregation in the South?

Answer: D 13. What intergroup relationship is represented by the “salad bowl” metaphor?

Answer: B 14. Amalgamation is represented by the ________ metaphor.

Answer: A 11.5 Race and Ethnicity in the United States 15. What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States?

Answer: D 16. Which subordinate group is often referred to as the “model minority?”

Answer: B 17. Which federal act or program was designed to allow more Hispanic American immigration, not block it?

Answer: A 18. Many Arab Americans face ________, especially after 9/11.

Answer: C 19. Why did most White ethnic Americans come to the United States?

Answer: D Short Answer 11.1 Racial, Ethnic, and Minority Groups 1.

Why do you think the term “minority” has persisted when the word “subordinate” is more descriptive?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not develop a sociological comparison between the terms minority and subordinate; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines minority group and attempts to explain why that term is used instead of the term subordinate; attempt may be incorrect or inadequate; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines minority group and develops a sociological explanation for why that term is used instead of the term subordinate; an example is used but the example is a poor fit; few writing errors.

Answer defines minority group and develops a sociological explanation for why that term is used instead of the term subordinate; several well-chosen and varied examples are used to support opinion; almost no

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

How do you describe your ethnicity? Do you include your family’s country of origin? Do you consider yourself multiethnic? How does your ethnicity compare to that of the people you spend most of your time with?

Rubric:

2.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not adequately describe ethnicity; there is no response to follow up questions; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes ethnicity; attempts to explain concept may appear but be incorrect; responds to some follow-up questions; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts race and ethnicity; briefly responds to follow up questions; few writing errors.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts race and ethnicity; examples are varied and wellchosen; response to follow up questions is detailed; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

11.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Ethnicity 3. How do redlining and racial steering contribute to institutionalized racism?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss redlining, institutionalized racism, or racial steering any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses redlining, racial steering, and institutionalized racism; attempts to exemplify appear but may be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes redlining, racial steering, and institutionalized racism; offers one or two examples but examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer describes redlining, racial steering, and institutionalized racism; a thoughtful example of each one; draws a connection between the concepts of racial steering/redlining, and institutional racism; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

4.

Give an example of stereotyping that you see in everyday life. Explain what would need to happen for this to be eliminated.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define stereotyping; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines stereotypes; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines stereotypes; offers one example, but examples may be a poor fit; suggests a simplistic solution; few writing errors.

Answer defines stereotypes; offers several varied examples that illustrate a variety of stereotypes; concludes that stereotypes cannot be eliminated and/or offers a nuanced explanation of the difficulty inherent in eliminating stereotypes; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism 5. Give three examples of White privilege. Do you know people who have experienced this?

From what perspective?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss white privilege with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses white privilege in relation to specific people; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses white privilege in relation to both white people and people of color; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies white privilege in relation to both white people and people of color via well-chosen examples drawn from personal experience; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.

What is the worst example of culture of prejudice you can think of? What are your reasons for thinking it is the worst?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define culture of prejudice; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines culture of prejudice; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines culture of prejudice; examples are a poor fit, vague, or repetitive; explanation for why it is the worst is missing; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies culture of prejudice; concludes by explaining with some detail regarding why it is the worse; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

11.4 Intergroup Relations 7. Do you believe immigration laws should foster an approach of pluralism, assimilation, or amalgamation? Which perspective do you think is most supported by current U.S. immigration policies?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss pluralism, assimilation, or amalgamation with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses at least one of the following: pluralism, assimilation, or amalgamation without mentioning immigration law; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses pluralism, assimilation, and amalgamation; connects one of these to current US immigration law; examples are offered but may be vague; few writing errors.

Answer discusses pluralism, assimilation, and amalgamation; connects one of these to current US immigration law; specific examples support a clear conclusion;almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

8.

Which intergroup relation do you think is the most beneficial to the subordinate group? To society as a whole? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss any form of intergroup relations; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses at least one of the following: segregation; pluralism, assimilation, or amalgamation; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses at least one of the following: pluralism, assimilation, or amalgamation; develops an opinion regarding whether one is more beneficial than another; attempts to exemplify may appear but be inadequate; few writing errors.

Answer discusses at least two of the following: segregation, genocide, expulsion; pluralism, assimilation, or amalgamation; develops an opinion regarding whether one is more beneficial than another; examples support opinion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

11.5 Race and Ethnicity in the United States 9. In your opinion, which group had the easiest time coming to this country? Which group had the hardest time? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss more than one ethnicity with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses at least two ethnicities; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses at least two ethnicities and develops a clear opinion on which group had the easiest and the hardest time; example may be inadequate; few writing errors.

Answer discusses at least two ethnicities and develops a clear opinion on which group had the easiest and the hardest time supported with wellchosen examples that illustrate why a group had the hardest or easiest time; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

10. Which group has made the most socioeconomic gains? Why do you think that group has had more success than others?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss ethnicity with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines and exemplifies ethnicity; discusses current socioeconomic status; examples may appear but be inadequate; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies ethnicity; discusses progression of SES over time; examples are simple and repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies ethnicity; discusses progression of SES over time; examples are varied and well-chosen, clearly supporting an opinion on the group’s success; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 12 Gender, Sex, and Sexuality

Section Quiz 12.1 Sex and Gender 1. The terms “masculine” and “feminine” refer to a person’s ________.

Answer: B 2.

The term ________ refers to society's concept of how men and women are expected to act and how they should behave.

Answer: A 3. Research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation ________.

Answer: B

12.2 Gender and Gender Inequality 4. Which of the following is the best example of a gender stereotype?

Answer: C 5.

Which of the following is the best example of the role peers play as an agent of socialization for school-aged children?

Answer: C 6.

To which theoretical perspective does the following statement most likely apply: Women continue to assume the responsibility in the household along with a paid occupation because it keeps the household running smoothly, i.e., at a state of balance?

Answer: B 7. Only women are affected by gender stratification.

Answer: B 8. According to the symbolic interactionist perspective, we “do gender”: Answer: D 9. Misogyny is: Answer: D 10. Which of the following factors can affect the pay gap?

Answer: D 11. The idea that gender inequality comes from the division 9f labor fits with which Sociological theory?

Answer: C

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

12. Prior to the 19th Amendment being ratified, women were not considered a legal person on their own?

Answer: A 13. In the 115th Congress of the United States, what percentage of the elected officials were women?

Answer: B

12.3 Sex and Sexuality 14. Of these, which country is thought to be the most liberal in its attitudes toward sex?

Answer: B 15. Compared to most Western societies, U.S. sexual attitudes are considered Answer: A 16. Sociologists associate sexuality with ________.

Answer: D 17. According to national surveys, most U.S. parents support which type of sex education program in school?

Answer: C 18. Which theoretical perspective stresses the importance of regulating sexual behavior to ensure marital cohesion and family stability?

Answer: A Short Answer 12.1 Sex and Gender 1.

Why do sociologists find it important to differentiate between sex and gender? What importance does the differentiation have in modern society?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define sex or gender; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines sex and gender; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies sex and gender; connects impact of concepts on the individual to modern society; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies sex and gender; connects impact of concepts on the individual to modern society with a nuanced, detailed discussion; examples of sex and gender in modern society are varied and wellchosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value

0

1

2

3

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

How is children’s play influenced by gender roles? Think back to your childhood. How “gendered” were the toys and activities available to you? Do you remember gender expectations being conveyed through the approval or disapproval of your playtime choices?

Rubric:

2.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not develop a significant opinion on how gender influences play; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses gender and gender roles; attempts to explain concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses gender, gender roles, and agents of gender socialization; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer discusses gender, gender roles, and agents of gender socialization; examples are varied and well-chosen, clearly illustrating the role of toys and parents as agents of gender socialization; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

12.2 Gender and Gender Inequality 3. In what way do parents treat sons and daughters differently? How do sons and daughters typically respond to this treatment?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly distinguish sex and gender; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer clearly distinguishes sex and gender; discusses how parents may treat children differently based on sex; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer clearly distinguishes sex and gender; discusses and attempts to illustrate how parents may treat children differently based on sex; few writing errors.

Answer clearly distinguishes sex and gender; discusses clearly illustrates with well-chosen examples how parents may treat children differently based on sex ; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

4.

What can be done to lessen the effects of gender stratification in the workplace? How does gender stratification harm both men and women?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly gender stratification; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines gender stratification; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines gender stratification; offers examples which may be overly simplistic; discusses strategies on lessening the effects of gender stratification in the workplace; may mention the effect of gender stratification on women OR men; few writing errors.

Answer defines gender stratification; offers well-chosen examples; discusses strategies on lessening the effects of gender stratification in the workplace; provides a conclusion that focuses on how gender stratification harms both sexes; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

5. Why is it important to have women in political roles?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define or consider women in political roles, writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer considers current political roles and may provide one example of the importance; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer correctly considers current state of political roles for women and offers a correct if simplistic rationale for the importance and impacts of women in politics; few writing errors.

Answer correctly considers current state of political roles and includes several examples of the impacts and importance of women in those roles.

Includes at least one example of a specific person and their impact or a situation/law that benefitted from women's role.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6. What can be done to narrow the pay gap for women?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not reveal an

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer demonstrates an understanding of

Answer demonstrates a clear and nuanced

Answer demonstrates a clear and nuanced

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e. understanding of the pay gap or any potential causes or ways to narrow it.

Instructor Answer Guide the pay gap and offers at least one idea or strategy for reducing it. The strategy may not be clear or may not have the desired effect.

understanding of the pay gap and offers several correct ideas or strategies for narrowing it. Ideas are correct but may be simplistic or not fully defined.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

understanding of the pay gap and offers several correct ideas or strategies for narrowing it. Ideas are fully developed with details and specific references to causes-and-effects.

3

12.3 Sex and Sexuality 5. Identify three examples of how U.S. society is heteronormative.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe heteronormativity; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines heteronormativity and offers an example; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines heteronormativity and offers two or three general examples; few writing errors.

Answer defines heteronormativity and offers three nuanced examples of heteronormativity in US society; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.

Consider the types of derogatory labeling that sociologists study and explain how these might apply to discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly distinguish sexual orientation from sex and gender; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines sexual orientation; attempts to apply the concept of discrimination may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines sexual orientation and discrimination; attempts to apply the concept of discrimination appear but may be overly simplistic; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies sexual orientation, stereotype, and discrimination; uses specific examples to connect stereotypes to discrimination based on sexual orientation; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 13 Aging and the Elderly

Section Quiz 13.1 Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society 1. In most countries, elderly women ________ than elderly men.

Answer: B 2. America’s baby boomer generation has contributed to all of the following except: Answer: C 3. The measure that compares the number of men to women in a population is _______.

Answer: B 4. The “graying of the United States” refers to ________.

Answer: A 5. What is the approximate median age of the United States?

Answer: C 13.2 The Process of Aging 6. Thanatology is the study of ________.

Answer: C In Erik Erikson’s developmental stages of life, with which challenge must older people struggle?

Answer: A 7.

8. Who wrote the book On Death and Dying, outlining the five stages of grief?

Answer: C 9. For individual people of a certain culture, the life course is ________.

Answer: D 10. In the United States, life expectancy rates in recent decades have ________.

Answer: A 13.3 Challenges Facing the Elderly 11. Today in the United States the poverty rate of the elderly is ________.

Answer: B 12. Which action reflects ageism?

Answer: B

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

13. Which factor most increases the risk of an elderly person suffering mistreatment?

Answer: C 14. If elderly people suffer abuse, it is most often perpetrated by Answer: B 15. Veterans are two to four times more likely to ________ as people who did not serve in the military.

Answer: B 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging 16. Which assertion about aging in men would be made by a sociologist following the functionalist perspective?

Answer: D 17. An older woman retires and completely changes her life. She is no longer raising children or working. However, she joins the YWCA to swim every day. She serves on the Friends of the Library board. She is part of a neighborhood group that plays Bunco on Saturday nights.

Her situation most closely illustrates the ________ theory.

Answer: A 18. An older man retires from his job, stops golfing, and cancels his newspaper subscription.

After his wife dies, he lives alone, loses touch with his children, and stops seeing old friends. His situation most closely illustrates the ________ theory.

Answer: C 19. What is the primary driver of modernization theory?

Answer: A 20. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act counteracts which theory?

Answer: D

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Short Answer 13.1 Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society 1. Baby boomers have been called the “Me Generation.” Do you know any baby boomers? In what way do they exemplify their generation?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly identify the category of Baby Boomers; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer specifies who is considered a Baby Boomer; attempts to explain/exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer specifies who is considered a Baby Boomer; offers a single example to illustrate how individuals exemplify their generation; few writing errors.

Answer specifies who is considered a Baby Boomer; offers two or more well-chosen examples to illustrate how individuals exemplify their generation; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

2.

What social issues involve age disaggregation (breakdowns into groups) of a population?

What kind of sociological studies would consider age an important factor?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and does not mention sociological studies or disaggregation; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer identifies some social issues that involve disaggregation; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer identifies some social issues that involve disaggregation; mentions one study that might consider age as an important factor; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer describes, age disaggregation identifies social issues that involve disaggregation; examples are varied and well-chosen; identifies several sociological studies that might consider age an important factor; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

3.

Conduct a mini-census by counting the members of your extended family, and emphasize age. Try to include three or four generations, if possible. Create a table and include total population plus percentages of each generation. Next, begin to analyze age patterns in your family. What issues are important and specific to each group? What trends can you predict about your own family over the next ten years based on this census? For example, how will family members’ needs and interests and relationships change the family dynamic?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer discusses immediate family only; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses at least two generations of family; neglects to include a table but discusses age patterns that indicate analysis of extended family occurred; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses at least three generations; provides a table that supports a thoughtful analysis of age patterns; briefly responds to follow-up questions; few writing errors.

Answer discusses at least three generations; provides a table that supports a thoughtful analysis of age patterns; responds in detail, with examples, to followup questions; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

13.2 The Process of Aging 4. Test Elisabeth Kübler-Ross’s five stages of grief. Think of someone or something you have lost. You might consider the loss of a relationship, possession, or aspect of your selfidentity. For example, perhaps you dissolved a childhood friendship, sold your car, or got a bad haircut. For even a small loss, did you experience all five stages of grief? If so, how did the expression of each stage manifest? Did the process happen slowly or rapidly? Did the stages occur out of order? Did you reach acceptance? Try to recall the experience and analyze your own response to loss. Does your experience facilitate your empathizing with the elderly?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not list Kübler-Ross’s five stages of grief; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer lists KüblerRoss’s five stages of grief; responds to some follow-up questions briefly; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer lists KüblerRoss’s five stages of grief; responds to all follow-up questions briefly; few writing errors.

Answer lists KüblerRoss’s five stages of grief; responds to all follow-up questions with detail; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

5.

What do you think it will be like to be ten, twenty, and fifty years older than you are now?

What facts are your assumptions based on? Are any of your assumptions about getting older false? What kind of sociological study could you establish to test your assumptions?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and simplistic; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes current age and imagines one additional age; does not refer to facts to support assumptions about aging; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes current age and imagines two additional ages; refers to facts to support assumptions about aging; few writing errors.

Answer describes current age and imagines two additional ages; refers to facts to support assumptions about aging; suggests a study that might test assumptions; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6.

What is your relationship to aging and to time? Look back on your own life. How much and in what ways did you change in ten years and in twenty years? Does a decade seem like a long time or a short time in a life span? Now apply some of your ideas to the idea of aging. Do you think older people share similar experiences as they age?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and simplistic; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes age and aging in a static and limited way; no specific response to follow-up questions; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer offers a nuanced view of age and aging; does not mention cohorts; briefly responds to follow-up questions; few writing errors.

Answer offers a nuanced view of age and aging; shows an understanding of cohorts; responds to follow-up questions with detail; offers well-chosen examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

13.3 Challenges Facing the Elderly 7. Make a list of all the biases, generalizations, and stereotypes about elderly people that you have seen or heard. Include everything, no matter how small or seemingly trivial. Try to rate the items on your list. Which statements can be considered myths? Which frequently turn into discrimination?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and offers general stereotypes that may not be age-related; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer identifies several specific agerelated stereotypes; mentions an opinion on stereotypes without identifying myths or how they influence discrimination; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer identifies several specific agerelated stereotypes; attempts to rate this list systematically; describes an opinion on stereotypes without discussing how they influence discrimination; few writing errors.

Answer identifies several specific agerelated stereotypes; rates this list systematically; describes an opinion on stereotypes and discusses how they influence discrimination; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

8.

Have you known any person who experienced prejudice or discrimination based on age?

Think of someone who has been denied an experience or opportunity simply for being too old. Write the story as a case study.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define prejudice or discrimination; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines prejudice and discrimination; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies prejudice and discrimination; attempts a case study approach to summarizing the story; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies prejudice and discrimination; provides a case study approach filled with well-chosen examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

9.

Think of an older person you know well, perhaps a grandparent, other relative, or neighbor.

How does this person defy certain stereotypes of aging?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define stereotype; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines stereotype; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines stereotype; provides an example of an acquaintance or relation who defies age-related stereotypes; few writing errors.

Answer defines stereotype; provides two or more examples of an acquaintance or relation who defies age-related stereotypes; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

10. Older people suffer discrimination, and often, so do teenagers. Compare the discrimination of the elderly to that of teenagers. What do the groups share in common and how are they different?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discrimination; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines discrimination; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines discrimination; exemplifies the discrimination faced by the elderly OR the discrimination faced by teenagers; few writing errors.

Answer defines discrimination; exemplifies the discrimination faced by the elderly AND the discrimination faced by teenagers; compares AND contrasts discrimination faced by these groups; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging 11. Remember Madame Jeanne Calment of France was the world's oldest living person until she died at 122 years old? Consider her life experiences from all three sociological points of view. Analyze her situation as if you were a functionalist, a symbolic interactionist, and a conflict theorist.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe any of the three major perspectives; attempts to apply perspectives to subject are vague and limited; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes at least one theoretical perspective; applies perspective to Madame Calment; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes at least two theoretical perspectives; applies perspectives to Madame Calment; few writing errors.

Answer describes all three major theoretical perspectives; applies perspectives to Madame Calment; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

12. Which lifestyle do you think is healthiest for aging people—activity, continuity, or disengagement theories? What are the pros and cons of each theory? Find examples of real people who illustrate the theories, either from your own experience or your friends’ relationships with older people. Do your examples show positive or negative aspects of the theory they illustrate?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe activity, continuity, or disengagement theories; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer correctly describes two of three theories; attempts to exemplify or critically analyze may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer correctly describes two of three theories; offers a few examples; attempts a critical analysis, but attempt is limited; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies all three theories; offers a critical analysis of all three theories; responds to all follow-up questions; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Chapter 14 Relationships, Marriage, and Family Section Quiz 14.1 What is Marriage? What is a Family?

1. Sociologists tend to define family in terms of ________.

Answer: A 2.

Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is ________ than the family they grew up with.

Answer: C 3. A woman being married to two men would be an example of: Answer: C A child who associates his line of descent with his father’s side only is part of a ________ society.

Answer: D 4.

5. Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model?

Answer: B 14.2 Variations in Family Life 6. The majority of U.S. children live in: Answer: A 7.

According to the study cited by the U.S. Census Bureau, children who live with married parents grow up with more advantages than children who live with: Answer: B 8.

Couples who cohabitate before marriage are ________ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage to be married at least ten years.

Answer: C 9. Same-sex couple households account for ________ percent of U.S. households.

Answer: A 10. The median age of first marriage has ________ in the last fifty years.

Answer: C 14.3 Challenges Families Face 11. Current divorce rates are: Answer: D

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

12. Children of divorced parents are ________ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married.

Answer: A 13. In general, children in ________ households benefit from divorce.

Answer: C 14. Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence (IPV)?

Answer: C 15. Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the United States?

Answer: B Short Answer 14.1 What is Marriage? What is a Family?

1. According to research, what are people's general thoughts on family in the United States?

How do they view nontraditional family structures? How do you think these views might change in twenty years?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe family with any detail; response is vague and lacks focus; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes family without discussing various forms a family may take; does not refer to research; does not project how views will change in the future; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes traditional and nontraditional family forms a family may take; refers to research OR projects how views will change in the future; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies traditional and nontraditional family forms a family may take; refers to research AND projects how views will change in the future; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2.

Explain the difference between bilateral and unilateral descent. Using your own association with kinship, explain which type of descent applies to you?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe bilateral OR unilateral descent; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes bilateral OR unilateral descent; attempts to explain concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes, bilateral AND unilateral descent; illustrates one with personal examples; few writing errors.

Answer describes, bilateral AND unilateral descent; refers specifically to patrilineal/matrilineal descent pattern; illustrates one with personal examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

14.2 Variations in Family Life 3. Explain the different variations of the nuclear family and the trends that occur in each.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define nuclear family; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines nuclear family with no detail on variations; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer explains different variations of the nuclear family and briefly discusses trends that occur in some; few writing errors.

Answer explains different variations of the nuclear family and thoroughly discusses trends that occur in each one; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

4.

Why are some couples choosing to cohabitate before marriage? What effect does cohabitation have on marriage?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and lacks focus; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer refers to cohabitation but position on cohabitation is unclear; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer take a clear position on cohabitation and what motivates it; personal examples are used to support position; few writing errors.

Answer take a clear position on cohabitation and what motivates it; research is used to support position; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

14.3 Challenges Families Face 5. Explain how financial status impacts marital stability. What other factors are associated with a couple’s financial status?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not develop a clear perspective on how financial status impacts marital stability; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer develops a clear perspective on how financial status impacts marital stability; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer develops a clear perspective on how financial status impacts marital stability; refers to other factors without offering clear examples; few writing errors.

Answer develops a clear perspective on how financial status impacts marital stability; refers to other factors with clear examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6.

Explain why more than half of IPV goes unreported? Why are those who are abused unlikely to report the abuse?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not distinguish IPV from other forms of domestic violence; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes OPV from other forms of domestic violence; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes OPV from other forms of domestic violence; attempts to explain are limited in scope or vague; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes OPV from other forms of domestic violence; refers to research to explain why IPV goes unreported AND why victims choose not to report abuse; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 15 Religion

Section Quiz 15.1 The Sociological Approach to Religion 1. In what ways does religion serve the role of a social institution?

Answer: D 2. A cultural universal is something that: Answer: B 3.

Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from the micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individual’s sense of support and well-being?

Answer: B 4. Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps keep the social system running smoothly?

Answer: A 5. Which sociological perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to maintain social inequalities within a society?

Answer: C 6. Which of the following do the functionalist and conflict perspectives share?

Answer: A 7. The Protestant work ethic was viewed in terms of its relationship to: Answer: B 15.2 World Religions 8. What are some denominations of the Christian Protestant church?

Answer: D 9. A sect: Answer: B 10. The main difference between an ecclesia and a denomination is: Answer: C 11. Some controversial groups that may be mislabeled as cults include: Answer: A 12. In what part of the world have Confucianism and Taoism been primarily practiced?

Answer: C

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

13. Many stories in the sacred text of Judaism are: Answer: C 14. What do Christianity and Islam have in common?

Answer: D 15.3 Religion in the United States 15. Social scientists refer to the use of a church to combat social injustice in the political realm as: Answer: C 16. Megachurches tend to have: Answer: D Short Answer 15.1 The Sociological Approach to Religion 1. List some ways that you see religion having social control in the everyday world.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not connect religion to social control; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer connects religion to social control; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer connects various types of religion to social control; examples are simplistic; few writing errors.

Answer connects various types of religion to various forms of social control; refers specifically to Marx and Durkheim OR functional and conflict perspectives; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

What are some sacred items that you’re familiar with? Are there some objects, such as cups, candles, or clothing, that would be considered profane in normal settings but are considered sacred in special circumstances or when used in specific ways?

Rubric:

2.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not distinguish the sacred from the profane; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes the sacred from the profane; attempts to explain concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts the sacred and profane; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts the sacred and profane; examples are varied and well-chosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3.

Consider a religion that you are familiar with, and discuss some of its beliefs, behaviors, and norms. Discuss how these meet social needs. Then, research a religion that you don’t know much about. Explain how its beliefs, behaviors, and norms are like/unlike the other religion.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer vaguely refers to a major religion; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes a major religion, mentions some of its beliefs, behavior, and norms; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts two major religions; describes and exemplifies the norms, beliefs, and behaviors of both; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts two major religions; describes and exemplifies the norms, beliefs, and behaviors of both; discusses how each one meets social needs; examples are varied and wellchosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

15.2 World Religions 4. Consider the different types of religious organizations in the United States. What role did ecclesia play in the history of the United States? How have sects tended to change over time? What role do cults have today?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer correctly defines ecclesia, sect, or cult; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes sects, ecclesia, and cults; examples are offered but may be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes sects, ecclesia, and cults; offers specific examples; few writing errors.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts sects, ecclesia, and cults; places well-chosen examples in a historical context to illustrate the way these organizations changed over time; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

5.

What is your understanding of monotheism versus polytheism? How might your ideology be an obstacle to understanding the theism of another religion you’re unfamiliar with?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define monotheism and polytheism; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines monotheism AND polytheism; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines monotheism AND polytheism; acknowledges that personal ideology may create prejudice; offers an example; few writing errors.

Answer defines monotheism AND polytheism; describes specifically how personal ideology may create prejudice; provides several detailed, real-world, examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.

In U.S. society, do you believe there is social stratification that correlates with religious beliefs? What about within the practitioners of a given religion? Provide examples to illustrate your point.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer the connection between religion and stratification; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses connection between religion and social stratification; attempts to exemplify are inadequate; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses connection between religion and social stratification; provides specific examples, which are limited to the perspective of mainstream Christianity; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies the connection between religion and social stratification; recognizes the influence of Christian ideology on US culture; discusses the relegation of nonChristian belief systems to secondary; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

15.3 Religion in the United States 7. Do you believe the United States is becoming more secularized or more fundamentalist?

Comparing your generation to that of your parents or grandparents, what differences do you see in the relationship between religion and society? What would popular media have you believe is the state of religion in the United States today?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss the nature of religion in US culture; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses several types of religion influence on the culture of America and provides examples to demonstrate either secularization OR fundamentalism; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses several types of religion influence on the culture of America and provides examples to demonstrate either secularization AND fundamentalism; few writing errors.

Answer discusses several types of religion influence on the culture of America and provides examples to demonstrate either secularization AND fundamentalism; discusses the depiction of religion in popular media from multiple perspectives; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Instructor Answer Guide

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 16 Education

Section Quiz 16.1 Education around the World 1. What are the major factors that affect education systems throughout the world?

Answer: A 2. What do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common?

Answer: B 3. Informal education ________.

Answer: B 4.

Learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays is an example of ________.

Answer: A 5.

The 1972 case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for ________.

Answer: A 16.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Education 6. Which of the following is not a manifest function of education?

Answer: B 7.

Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social media. This is an example of ________.

Answer: C 8.

Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo?

Answer: A 9. Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process?

Answer: D 10. What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability?

Answer: D 11. Functionalist theory sees education as serving the needs of ________.

Answer: D

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

12.

Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ________.

Answer: D 13. What term describes the separation of students based on merit?

Answer: C 14. Conflict theorists see sorting as a way to ________.

Answer: B 15. Conflict theorists see IQ tests as being biased. Why? Answer: D 16.3 Issues in Education 16. Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent that ________.

Answer: A 17. Public schools must guarantee that ________.

Answer: C 18. Key predictors for student success include ________.

Answer: B 19. Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called ________.

Answer: C Short Answer 16.1 Education around the World 1. Has there ever been a time when your formal and informal educations in the same setting were at odds? How did you overcome that disconnect?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly distinguish formal and informal education; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes formal and informal education; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes and exemplifies formal and informal education; illustrates how a disconnect between these two can create difficulty with an example; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes and exemplifies formal and informal education; discusses overcoming a disconnect between formal and informal education via a wellchosen example; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2. Do you believe free access to schools has achieved its intended goal? Explain.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer offers a superficial analysis of public education; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses the impact of free school with minimal detail; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses impact of free school as well as whether free schools achieve their stated goals; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer discusses impact of free school as well as whether free schools achieve their stated goals; examples are varied and well-chosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

16.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Education 3. Thinking of your school, what are some ways that a conflict theorist would say that your school perpetuates class differences?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer incorrectly describes conflict perspective; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses conflict perspective in relation to the educational system; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses conflict perspective in relation to the educational system; identifies specific ways in which schools perpetuate OR reflect class difference; few writing errors.

Answer discusses conflict perspective in relation to the educational system; identifies specific ways in which schools perpetuate class difference; demonstrates that school both reflect and reproduce class inequality with specific examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

4. Which sociological theory best describes your view of education? Explain why.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define any sociological perspective; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement Answer describes one of three major sociological perspectives; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Meets Expectations Answer describes one of three major sociological perspectives and applies perspective to education; few writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

Exceeds Expectations Answer describes one of three major sociological perspectives and applies perspective to education; explains why one particular perspective is preferred over the other two; almost no writing errors.

3

5.

Based on what you know about symbolic interactionism and feminist theory, what do you think proponents of those theories see as the role of the school?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe symbolic interactionist perspective OR feminist theory; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes symbolic interactionist perspective OR feminist theory ; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes symbolic interactionist perspective AND feminist theory; applies both superficially; few writing errors.

Answer describes symbolic interacionist perspective AND feminist theory; applies both to schools; mentions the hidden curriculum; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

16.3 Issues in Education 6. Is busing a reasonable method of serving students from diverse backgrounds? If not, suggest and support an alternative.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe busing; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes busing and develops a superficial opinion on the practice; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes busing and develops a factbased opinion on it; few writing errors.

Answer describes busing and develops a fact-based opinion on it; suggests an alternative approach to increasing diversity grounded in research; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 17 Government and Politics

Section Quiz 17.1 Power and Authority 1. Which statement best expresses the difference between power and authority?

Answer: C 2. Which of the following types of authority does not reside primarily in a leader?

Answer: D 3.

In the U.S. Senate, it is customary to assign each senator a seniority ranking based on years of government service and the population of the state he or she represents. A top ranking gives the senator priority for assignments to office space, committee chair positions, and seating on the senate floor. What type of authority does this example best illustrate?

Answer: B 4.

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. used his public speaking abilities and magnetism to inspire African Americans to stand up against injustice in an extremely hostile environment. He is an example of a(n) ________ leader.

Answer: B 5. Which current world figure has the least amount of political power?

Answer: B 6.

Which statement best expresses why there have been so few charismatic female leaders throughout history?

Answer: C 17.2 Forms of Government 7. Many constitutional monarchies started out as: Answer: B 8. Which nation is an absolute monarchy?

Answer: A 9.

Which of the following present and former government leaders is generally considered a dictator?

Answer: D 10. A(n) _______ is an extremely oppressive government that seeks to control all aspects of its citizens’ lives.

Answer: B

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

11. Which is not a characteristic of a democracy?

Answer: D 12. Which statement best expresses why the United States is not a true democracy?

Answer: C 17.3 Politics in the United States 13. In the past, Southern states discouraged African Americans from voting by requiring them to take a ________ test.

Answer: D 14. Which president signed the Voting Rights Act? Answer: A 15. Which factor does not influence voting practices?

Answer: D 16. The U.S. Supreme Court case ________ led to the revision of voting districts to account for differences in population density.

Answer: B 17. Which statement best explains the meaning of “one person, one vote”?

Answer: D 17.4 Theoretical Perspective on Government and Power 18. Which concept corresponds best to functionalism?

Answer: B 19. Which sociologist is not associated with conflict theory?

Answer: D 20. Karl Marx believed social structures evolve through: Answer: C 21. The Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street protests, and the Tea Party movement have the following in common: Answer: B 22. Which is not one of functionalism’s four main purposes of government?

Answer: C 23. Sociologist G. William Domhoff’s Who Rules America? asserts that wealth is often necessary to exert the most influence over social and political systems. This is a ________ perspective.

Answer: A

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

24. Which of the following paradigms would consider movements such as Occupy Wall Street undesirable and unnecessarily forcing social change?

Answer: B Short Answer 17.1 Power and Authority 1.

Explain why leaders as divergent as Hitler and Jesus Christ are both categorized as charismatic authorities.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define charismatic authority; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines charismatic authority; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines charismatic authority and explains why Hitler and Jesus Christ both fit this category; few writing errors.

Answer defines charismatic authority and explains why Hitler and Jesus Christ both fit this category; suggests other examples; identifies what separates Hitler from Jesus Christ; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

2.

Why do people accept traditional authority figures even though these types of leaders have limited means of enforcing their power?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not distinguish between power and authority; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes between power and authority; attempts to explain concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer compares, and contrasts power and authority; examples are limited; concludes why people accept traditional authority figures without supporting conclusion; few writing errors.

Answer compares, and contrasts power and authority; examples are varied and well-chosen; examples illustrate why people accept traditional authority figures; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

3.

Charismatic leaders are among the most fascinating figures in history. Select a charismatic leader about whom you wish to learn more and conduct online research to find out about this individual. Then write a paragraph describing the personal qualities that led to this person’s influence, considering the society in which he or she emerged.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe charismatic leaders; supporting facts drawn from websites generally avoided by academics, such as Wikipedia; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes charismatic leaders and provides a superficial example; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes a charismatic leader and discusses personal qualities that created their influence; example is anecdotal few writing errors.

Answer describes a charismatic leader and discusses personal qualities that created their influence; example is illustrated with objective research from generally accepted academic sources; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

17.2 Forms of Government 4. Do you feel the United States has become an oligarchy? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe oligarchy; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines oligarchy; attempts to exemplify, but example may be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies oligarchy; briefly attempts to explain response; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies oligarchy; explains response in detail, using well-chose examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

5. Explain how an absolute monarchy differs from a dictatorship.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define absolute monarchy OR dictatorship; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines absolute monarchy and dictatorship; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines absolute monarchy from dictatorship; offers examples that may be inadequate; few writing errors.

Answer defines, compares, and contrasts absolute monarchy and dictatorship; offers varied, well-chosen examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6.

In which form of government do average citizens have the least political power? What options might they have for exerting political power under this type of regime?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss fast food or social problems with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses fast food in relation to a specific social problem; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses fast food and social problems; discusses pros and cons of working in fast food industry; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies fast food and social problems; references McDonaldization; discusses pros and cons of working in fast food industry; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

17.3 Politics in the United States 7. If the percentage of Asian Americans in Congress is far below the percentage of Asian Americans in the United States, does that mean Asian Americans lack political power?

Why or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and lacks detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses race and political power; examples specific to Asian Americans are lacking; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses race, ethnicity, and political power; examples specific to Asian Americans are offered; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes between race and ethnicity AND identifies specific ethnicities within the Asian American community; explains, using examples; that political power in America is often limited to white males; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

8. Explain how a voter’s social class can affect his or her voting practices.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly connect voting practices to social class; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines social class; attempts to explain the connection between social class and voting practices may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines social class; explains how social class affects voting practices; examples may be limited in scope; few writing errors.

Answer defines social class; examples offers a nuanced view of how the intersection of race, class, and gender influence voting practices; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

9.

Besides voting, how can U.S. citizens influence political processes and outcomes? Which of these strategies have you personally used?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and does not reference politics; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer references politics in a general way; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes specific ways to influence political processes and outcomes; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies specific strategies that individuals may use to influence politics; examples go beyond voting; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

17.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Government and Power 10. What is one criticism of functionalism?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe functionalism; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes functional perspective but neglects to apply perspective; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes and applies functionalism; few writing errors.

Answer describes, exemplifies, and critically analyzes functional perspective; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

11. Explain what is meant by the term power elite. Consider its original intention as coined by C. Wright Mills as well as your understanding of it.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define power elite; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines power elite; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines power elite as Mills originally described; examples are limited and do not reflect a personal, contemporary application of the concept; few writing errors.

Answer defines power elite as Mills originally described; examples reflect a personal, contemporary application of the concept; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 18 Work and the Economy

Section Quiz 18.1 Economic Systems 1. Which of these is an example of a commodity?

Answer: B 2. When did the first economies begin to develop?

Answer: C 3. What is the most important commodity in a postindustrial society?

Answer: C 4. In which sector of an economy would someone working as a software developer be?

Answer: D 5.

Which is an economic policy based on national policies of accumulating silver and gold by controlling markets with colonies and other countries through taxes and customs charges?

Answer: C 6. Who was the leading theorist on the development of socialism?

Answer: A 7. The type of socialism now carried on by Russia is a form of _______ socialism.

Answer: B 8.

Among the reasons socialism never developed into a political movement in the United States was that trade unions ________.

Answer: A 9. Which country serves as an example of convergence?

Answer: A 18.2 Globalization and the Economy 10. Ben lost his job when General Motors closed U.S. factories and opened factories in Mexico.

Now, Ben is very anti- immigration and campaigns for large-scale deportation of Mexican nationals, even though, logically, their presence does not harm him and their absence will not restore his job. Ben might be experiencing ________.

Answer: A 11. Which of the following is not an aspect of globalization?

Answer: D 12. One reason critics oppose globalization is that it: Answer: B

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

13. All of the following are characteristics of global cities, except: Answer: D 14. Which of the following is not a characteristic of multinational corporations?

Answer: D 18.3 Work in the United States 15. Which is evidence that the United States workforce is largely a meritocracy?

Answer: C 16. If someone does not earn enough money to pay for the essentials of life he or she is said to be ________ poor.

Answer: A 17. What is the practice where the differences between low-end and high-end jobs become greater and the number of people in the middle levels decreases?

Answer: A Short Answer 18.1 Economic Systems 1. Explain the difference between state socialism with central planning and market socialism.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly distinguish between state socialism and market socialism; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes between two forms of socialism; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes between state socialism and market socialism; provides examples that are brief and limited in scope; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes between state socialism with central planning and market socialism; provides examples that re varied and wellchosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2. In what ways can capitalistic and socialistic economies converge?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer discusses either capitalism OR socialism; there is no attempt to compare one group to another; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses both capitalism and socialism without comparing and contrasting them; attempts to explain concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts capitalism and socialism; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts capitalism and socialism; identifies ways in which these two may converge examples are varied and wellchosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3.

Describe the impact a rapidly growing economy can have on families.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss either the economy OR the family; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses either the economy OR the family; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses the impact of a rapidly growing economy on families; examples may be inadequate; few writing errors.

Answer discusses the impact of a rapidly growing economy on families; examples are varied, wellchosen, and clearly reflect the impact described in the earlier part of the essay; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

4.

How do you think the United States economy will change as we move closer to a technology-driven service economy?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not specifically address the US economy; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes US economy; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines describes US economy as a postindustrial economy; examples may be repetitive and confined to the past; few writing errors.

Answer defines describes US economy as a postindustrial economy; examples illustrate how the economy has changed, and will continue to change; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

18.2 Globalization and the Economy 5. What impact has globalization had on the music you listen to, the books you read, or the movies or television you watch?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe globalization; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses globalization in terms of a specific area; examples of media globalization are lacking; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses globalization in terms of the economy; provides examples of how globalization impacts media; few writing errors.

Answer discusses globalization in terms of the economy; provides examples of how globalization impacts media; refers specifically to media homogenization and consolidation; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6. What effect can immigration have on the economy of a developing country?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly distinguish immigration from emigration; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes immigration from emigration; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes immigration from emigration; attempts to describe what impact immigration has on the economy of a country; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes immigration from emigration; clearly describes what impact immigration has on the economy of a developing country; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

7. Is globalization a danger to local cultures? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe globalization or negative impact of globalization in any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses globalization as a danger to local cultures; attempts to explain inaccurate; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses globalization as a danger to local cultures OR why it is not a danger; attempts to explain are limited in scope; examples are repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer discusses the ways that globalization may benefit AND damage local cultures; examples are varied and offer a nuanced, well-rounded view of issue; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

18.3 Work in the United States 8. As polarization occurs in the U.S. job market, this will affect other social institutions. For example, if midlevel education won’t lead to employment, we could see polarization in educational levels as well. Use the sociological imagination to consider what social institutions may be impacted, and how.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer correctly describes sociological imagination; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes the sociological imagination in a general way; identifies an impact that polarization has on education; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes the sociological imagination, public issues, and personal trouble; identifies an impact that polarization has on a specific social institution other than education; few writing errors.

Answer describes the sociological imagination, public issues, and personal trouble; identifies and exemplifies an impact that polarization has on several social institutions; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

9. Do you believe we have a true meritocracy in the United States? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define meritocracy; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines meritocracy; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines meritocracy; discusses briefly whether we have one in the US; examples may appear but be incorrect; few writing errors.

Answer defines meritocracy; discusses in detail whether we have one in the US; real world examples clearly illustrate the ways in which the US is a meritocracy AND the ways in which it is not; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 19 Health and Medicine

Section Quiz 19.1 The Social Construction of Health 1. Who determines which illnesses are stigmatized?

Answer: C 2. Chronic fatigue syndrome is an example of ________.

Answer: B 3. The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is an example of ________.

Answer: A 19.2 Global Health 4. What is social epidemiology?

Answer: D 5. Core nations are also known as ________.

Answer: A 6. Many deaths in high-income nations are linked to ________.

Answer: B 7.

According to the World Health Organization, what was the most frequent cause of death for children under five in low- income countries?

Answer: C 19.3 Health in the United States 8. Which of the following statements is not true?

Answer: C 9.

The process by which aspects of life that were considered bad or deviant are redefined as sickness and needing medical attention to remedy is called: Answer: B 10. What are the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders in the United States?

Answer: D 11. Sidewalk ramps and Braille signs are examples of ________.

Answer: D 12. The high unemployment rate among the disabled may be a result of ________.

Answer: C

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

19.4 Comparative Health and Medicine 13. Which public healthcare system offers insurance primarily to people over sixty-five years old?

Answer: B 14. Which program is an example of socialized medicine?

Answer: B 15. What does the individual mandate provision of the 2010 U.S. healthcare reform do?

Answer: C 16. Great Britain’s healthcare system is an example of ________.

Answer: A 17. What group created the Millennium Development Goals?

Answer: D 19.5 Theoretical Perspectives on Health and Medicine 18. Which of the following is not part of the rights and responsibilities of a sick person under the functionalist perspective?

Answer: C 19. The class, race, and gender inequalities in our healthcare system support the ________ perspective.

Answer: A 20. The removal of homosexuality from the DSM is an example of Answer: D

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Short Answer 19.1 The Social Construction of Health 1.

Pick a common illness and describe which parts of it are medically constructed, and which parts are socially constructed Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly distinguish medical construction and social construction of illness; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes medical and social construction of illness; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes and exemplifies medical and social construction of illness using a specific illness; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes and exemplifies medical and social construction of illness using a specific illness; specifically discusses role of two or more of the following: doctors, self, society, caretakers, families; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

2.

What diseases are the most stigmatized? Which are the least? Is this different in different cultures or social classes??

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer discusses disease without correctly defining stigma; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines stigma and applies the concept to one disease using examples; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines stigma and applies the concept to two or more diseases using examples; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer defines stigma and rates two or more diseases on relative stigma using examples; discusses the role of culture and social class in which diseases are most and least stigmatized; examples are varied and well-chosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

19.2 Global Health 3.

If social epidemiologists studied the United States in the colonial period, what differences would they find between now and then?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe social epidemiology; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses social epidemiology in relation to the current time period OR colonial period alone; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses social epidemiology in relation to the current time period AND colonial period; neglects to illustrate differences; few writing errors.

Answer discusses social epidemiology in relation to the current time period AND colonial period; specifically identifies differences in mortality and morbidity rates among a selection of groups; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

4.

What do you think are some of the contributing factors to obesity-related diseases in the United States?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and focused on personal experience/opinion; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer attempts to explain obesity, but may focus on the wrong areas; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer lists several contributing factors to obesity in the US; provides an example; few writing errors.

Answer lists and describes several factors contributing to obesity in the US; examples of two or more factors are varied and wellchosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

19.3 Health in the United States 5. What factors contribute to the disparities in health among racial, ethnic, and gender groups in the United States?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not health disparities with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses a race OR ethnic OR gender based health disparity; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses race AND ethnic AND gender based health disparities; lists one or two factors that contribute to these disparities; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies race AND ethnic AND gender based health disparities; describes at least three factors that contribute to these disparities; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6. Do you know anyone with a mental disorder? How does it affect their life?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and may refer to popular culture rather than personal experience; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses mental disorder and the impact on life; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses mental disorder and the impact on life; examples are simplistic and lack depth; few writing errors.

Answer discusses mental disorder and the impact on life; examples illustrate the social construction of mental health; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

19.4 Comparative Health and Medicine 7. What do you think are the best and worst parts of the PPACA? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe the PPACA; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer offers an extreme view of the PPACA, which may be favorable OR unfavorable; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer offers a nuanced view of the PPACA from both liberal and conservative perspectives; few writing errors.

Answer offers a nuanced view of the PPACA from both liberal and conservative perspectives; examples are personal, varied, and illustrate pros and cons of the Act; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

Compare and contrast the healthcare system of the United States with the WHO’s Millennium Development Goals.

Rubric: 8.

Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer demonstrates no insight into the US healthcare system OR understanding of the WHO MDGs; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer demonstrates insight into the US healthcare system OR understanding of the WHO MDGs; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer demonstrates no insight into the US healthcare system AND understanding of the WHO MDGs; a limited attempt to compare and contrast the two appear, but may be incorrect or overly simplistic; few writing errors.

Answer demonstrates no insight into the US healthcare system AND understanding of the WHO MDGs; compares and contrast the two using varied and wellchosen examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

19.5 Theoretical Perspectives on Health and Medicine 9. Which theoretical perspective do you think best explains the sociology of health? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss any of the three major sociological perspectives; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes one sociological perspective; attempts to connect perspective to the sociology of health appear but are incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes why one sociological perspective is the best for explaining the sociology of health; examples support opinion; few writing errors.

Answer describes why one sociological perspective is the best AND why the other two are inadequate for explaining the sociology of health; examples illustrate the pros AND cons of the chosen perspective; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

10. What examples of medicalization and demedicalization can you think of?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define medicalization OR demedicalization; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines medicalization OR demedicalization; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines medicalization AND demedicalization; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; few writing errors.

Answer defines and exemplifies medicalization AND demedicalization; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Chapter 20 Population, Urbanization, and the Environment Section Quiz 20.1 Demography and Population 1. The population of the planet doubled in fifty years to reach ________ in 1999.

Answer: A 2. A functionalist would address which issue?

Answer: B 3. What does carrying capacity refer to?

Answer: C 4. What three factors did Malthus believe would limit human population?

Answer: D 5. What does cornucopian theory believe?

Answer: A 20.2 Urbanization 6. In the concentric zone model, Zone B is likely to house what?

Answer: C 7. What are the prerequisites for the existence of a city?

Answer: D 8. In 2014, what was the largest city in the world?

Answer: D 9. What led to the creation of the exurbs?

Answer: A 10. How are the suburbs of Paris different from those of most U.S. cities?

Answer: C 11. How does gentrification affect cities?

Answer: B 12. What does human ecology theory address?

Answer: A 13. Urbanization includes the sociological study of what?

Answer: D

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

20.3 The Environment and Society 14. The “tragedy of the commons” is a reference to what?

Answer: C 15. What are ways that human activity impacts the water supply?

Answer: D 16. Which is an example of environmental racism?

Answer: A 17. What is not a negative outcome of shoreline dredging?

Answer: D 18. What are the two primary methods of waste disposal?

Answer: A 19. Where does a large percentage of e-waste wind up?

Answer: B 20. What types of municipal projects often result in environmental racism?

Answer: A Short Answer 20.1 Demography and Population 1. Given what we know about population growth, what do you think of China’s policy that limits the number of children a family can have? Do you agree with it? Why, or why not?

What other ways might a country of over 1.3 billion people manage its population?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe the “one child” policy; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses world population growth; describes China’s “one child” policy; provides a superficial opinion; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses world population growth; describes China’s “one child” policy; provides a thoughtful, culturally relativistic, opinion; few writing errors.

Answer discusses world population growth; describes China’s “one child” policy; provides a thoughtful, culturally relativistic, opinion; identifies alternatives to China’sapproach; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2.

Describe the effect of immigration or emigration on your life or in a community you have seen. What are the positive effects? What are the negative effects?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not distinguish immigration from emigration; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes emigration and immigration; focuses on either the pros OR the cons; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes emigration and immigration; describes the pros AND the cons of both; examples may be inadequate or repetitive; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes emigration and immigration; describes the pros AND the cons of both; discusses the use of migration policies as a political tool; examples are varied and wellchosen; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3. What responsibility does the United States have toward underage asylum-seekers?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not discuss the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses the 2008 Act; identifies a responsibility for underage asylumseekers based on the Act; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses the 2008 Act; identifies a responsibility for underage asylumseekers based on the Act AND a moral responsibility based on shared humanity; may mention some real world examples of how the US has fulfilled OR fallen short of these responsibilities; few writing errors.

Answer discusses the 2008 Act; identifies a responsibility for underage asylumseekers based on the Act AND a moral responsibility based on shared humanity; discusses way in which the US has fulfilled these responsibilities AND fallen short of them; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

20.2 Urbanization 4. What are the differences between the suburbs and the exurbs, and who is most likely to live in each?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not distinguish between suburbs and exurbs; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes between suburbs and exurbs; describes the demographics of each; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes between suburbs and exurbs; describes the demographics of each; provides a few examples; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes between suburbs and exurbs; describes the demographics of each; refers to white flight and discusses demographic change over time; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

5. How will the growth in urban populations affect the world over the next ten years?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and overly optimistic OR overly pessimistic; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer attempts to explain how the growth of urban populations will impact the world; examples are overly simplistic; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes how the growth of urban populations will affect the world; offers one or two general examples; few writing errors.

Answer describes how the growth of urban populations will affect the world; examples are varied and well-chosen, specific to a number of distinct cultures and countries; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

6.

Considering the concentric zone model, what type of zone were you raised in? Is this the same or different as that of earlier generations in your family? What type of zone do you reside in now? Do you find that people from one zone stereotype those from another? If so, how?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe the concentric zone model; addresses only one or of the subquestions; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes the concentric zone model; addresses most of the subquestions in one word; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes the concentric zone model; addresses each follow-up question briefly, without detail; few writing errors.

Answer describes the concentric zone model; addresses each follow-up question with detail and examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

20.3 The Environment and Society 7. After reading this section, will you change the way you treat your household waste?

Explain.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not connect chapter to attitude towards household waste; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses attitude toward household waste without connecting it to chapter; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses how attitude toward household waste is reflected in OR will be changed by reading the section using one or two brief examples; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies how attitude toward household waste is reflected in OR will be changed by reading the section using several varied examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

8.

How do you think the issue of e-waste should be dealt with? Should the responsibility fall to the companies that make the products or the consumer who buys them? Would your buying habits be different if you had to pay to recycle old electronics?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly distinguish e-waste from other forms of waste; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes e-waste from other forms of waste; attempts to explain response may appear but be inadequate; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes e-waste from other forms of waste; responds briefly to follow-up questions; offers one example; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes e-waste from other forms of waste; responds thoroughly to follow-up questions; offers several examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

9.

Can you think of a modern example of the tragedy of the commons, where public use without accountability has created a negative outcome?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not describe the tragedy of the commons with any detail; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer is limited to summarizing the tragedy of the commons; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes the tragedy of the commons; attempts to exemplify may appear, but are vague or inadequate; few writing errors.

Answer describes the tragedy of the commons; illustrates the story with a wellchosen modern example; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

10. NIMBY protests occur when concerned citizens band together to speak up against something that will impact them negatively. Is this a positive or negative trend? Give an example of a NIMBY protest and whether you support it or not.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not accurately discuss NIMBY movements; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses NIMBY movements; attempts to exemplify appear but are vague; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses and exemplifies NIMBY movements; responds briefly to follow-up questions; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies NIMBY movements in detail; thoroughly responds to follow-up questions; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

Chapter 21 Social Movements and Social Change Section Quiz 21.1 Collective Behavior 1. Which of the following organizations is not an example of a social movement?

Answer: A 2. Sociologists using conflict perspective might study what?

Answer: C 3. Which of the following is an example of collective behavior?

Answer: B 4. The protesters at the Egypt uprising rally were: Answer: D 5. According to emergent-norm theory, crowds are: Answer: C 6. A boy throwing rocks during a demonstration might be an example of ________.

Answer: C 21.2 Social Movements 7. If we divide social movements according to their positions among all social movements in a society, we are using the ________to understand social movements.

Answer: C 8.

While PETA is a social movement organization, taken together, the animal rights social movement organizations PETA, ALF, and Greenpeace are a ________.

Answer: A 9. Social movements are: Answer: C 10. When the League of Women Voters successfully achieved its goal of women being allowed to vote, they had to undergo frame _________ , a means of completely changing their goals to ensure continuing relevance.

Answer: D 11. If a movement claims that the best way to reverse climate change is to reduce carbon emissions by outlawing privately owned cars, “outlawing cars” is the ________.

Answer: A

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

21.3 Social Change 12. Children in peripheral nations have little to no daily access to computers and the Internet, while children in core nations are constantly exposed to this technology. This is an example of: Answer: A 13. When sociologists think about technology as an agent of social change, which of the following is not an example?

Answer: A 14. China is undergoing a shift in industry, increasing labor specialization and the amount of differentiation present in the social structure. This exemplifies: Answer: C 15. Core nations that work to propel peripheral nations toward modernization need to be aware of: D Answer: 16. In addition to social movements, social change is also caused by technology, social institutions, population and ________.

Answer: A Short Answer 21.1 Collective Behavior 1. Discuss the differences between a mass and a crowd. What is an example of each? What sets them apart? What do they share in common?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not distinguish mass from crowd; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer correctly defines mass OR crowd; attempts to exemplify may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer defines and exemplifies mass AND crowd; few writing errors.

Answer defines, exemplifies, compares, and contrasts mass and crowd; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

2.

Can you think of a time when your behavior in a crowd was dictated by the circumstances?

Give an example of emergent-norm perspective, using your own experience.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly define emergent norm theory; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer defines emergent norm theory; attempts to explain concepts may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes emergent norm theory; attempts to exemplify using personal experience appear, but are inadequate; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies emergent norm theory using a well-chosen, personal, example; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

3.

Discuss the differences between an acting crowd and a collective crowd. Give examples of each.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not distinguish between an acting crowd and a collective crowd; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer distinguishes between an acting crowd and a collective crowd; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer distinguishes between an acting crowd and a collective crowd; provides an example of one, but not both; few writing errors.

Answer distinguishes between an acting crowd and a collective crowd; provides more than one example for each one; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

4.

Imagine you are at a rally protesting nuclear energy use. Walk us through the hypothetical rally using the value-added theory, imagining it meets all the stages.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly list the components of valueadded theory; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer lists some of the components of the value-added theory; attempts to explain one or two; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer lists and describes all components of the value-added theory; offers examples of one or two related to a rally protesting nuclear energy use; few writing errors.

Answer lists and describes all components of the value-added theory; offers examples each related to a rally protesting nuclear energy use; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

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3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

21.2 5.

Social Movements Think about a social movement industry dealing with a cause that is important to you.

How do the different social movement organizations of this industry seek to engage you?

Which techniques do you respond to? Why? Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly discuss resource mobilization; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses resources mobilization theory and identifies associated concepts; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses resources mobilization theory and identifies associated concepts; briefly responds to follow-up questions; few writing errors.

Answer discusses resources mobilization theory and identifies associated concepts; thoroughly response to follow-up questions; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

6.

Do you think social media is an important tool in creating social change? Why, or why not? Defend your opinion.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is a vague and does not address social media or social change; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer discusses social media and social change; attempts to explain opinion may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses the role of social media in social change; briefly explains opinion; few writing errors.

Answer discusses the role of social media in social change; defends opinion in detail with reference to real world examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

7.

Describe a social movement in the decline stage. What is its issue? Why has it reached this stage?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe the decline stage; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly discusses the decline stage of a social movement; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer briefly describes the life cycle of a social movement; offers a specific example without elaborating upon why it reached the decline stage; few writing errors.

Answer describes and exemplifies the life cycle of a social movement; offers a specific example to illustrate why a movement reached the decline stage; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

21.3 8.

Social Change Consider one of the major social movements of the twentieth century, from civil rights in the United States to Gandhi’s nonviolent protests in India. How would technology have changed it? Would change have come more quickly or more slowly? Defend your opinion.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not identify how contemporary technology would change a historical social movement; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly identifes how contemporary technology would change a historical social movement; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer discusses with some detail how contemporary technology would change the tactics and effectiveness of a historical social movement; few writing errors.

Answer discusses and exemplifies how contemporary technology would change the tactics and effectiveness of a historical social movement; defends opinion with reference to current social movements’ use of technology; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3

Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

9.

Discuss the digital divide in the context of modernization. Is there a real concern that poorer communities are lacking in technology? Why, or why not?

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not correctly describe the digital divide; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes the digital divide; examples are brief and limited in scope; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes the digital divide in the context of modernization; few writing errors.

Answer describes specific forms of the digital divide in the context of modernization/globali zation; responds persuasively to follow-up questions; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

3

10. Which theory do you think better explains the global economy: dependency theory (global inequity is due to the exploitation of peripheral and semi-peripheral nations by core nations) or modernization theory? Remember to justify your answer and provide specific examples.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer does not distinguish dependency theory from modernization theory; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer describes dependency theory OR modernization theory; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes dependency theory AND modernization theory; identifies a preferred theory; provides a brief example in support of opinion; few writing errors.

Answer describes, compares, and contrasts dependency and modernization theory; identifies a preferred theory; several detailed example in support of opinion; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

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Introduction to Sociology 3e.

Instructor Answer Guide

11. Do you think that modernization is good or bad? Explain, using examples.

Rubric: Rating/ Evaluation Criteria

Fails to Meet Expectations Answer is vague and does not state a clear opinion on modernization; writing is poor and contains numerous grammatical mistakes and misspellings.

Needs Improvement

Meets Expectations

Exceeds Expectations

Answer briefly states a superficial opinion on modernization; attempts to explain may appear but be incorrect; noticeable writing errors, but not enough to impede a reader’s understanding.

Answer describes a thoughtful opinion on modernization; offers an explanation supported by an anecdotal example; few writing errors.

Answer describes a nuanced opinion on modernization in detail; offers an explanation supported by several real world examples; almost no writing errors.

Point Value 0 1 2 Assume rating/grading scale for the question ranges from 0 to 3 points.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

This file is copyright 2021, Rice University. All Rights Reserved.

3