Compounding The Pharmacy Technician Series Mike Johnston Test Bank

Type:

Test Bank

Resource:

Compounding The Pharmacy Technician Series

Edition:

1st Edition

Author(s):

Mike Johnston

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which of the following is a major concern of tablet splitting?

1) _______ A) the tool used to cut tablets B) the amount of tablets needed C) sub-therapeutic or super-therapeutic dosing D) metabolism 2) A soothing lozenge or lollipop containing a(n) __________ can help relieve mouth pain.

A) anesthetic B) excipient C) buffer D) filler

2) _______

3) The most common form of protection used while preparing nuclear hazards is __________.

A) lead B) extra-thick gloves special face mask C) D) copper

3) _______

4) Prescribing medications for animals primarily relies on __________.

A) size B) weight C) breed

4) _______ D) temperament

5) In which decade was the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) established to promote standardization of compounded medications?

A) 1900s B) 1700s

C) 1600s

5) _______

D) 1800s

6) After calculating the necessary amounts to be used in compounding, what very important step

6) _______

must not be missed?

A) dressing down for an aseptic compound procedure B) filling out an SOP C) having the calculations confirmed by someone else D) gathering all the excipients which will be used

7) Which of the following should be written on the formula worksheet during compounding?

A) abbreviations B) .1 g C) ditto marks D) none of the above

7) _______

8) As each ingredient is weighed during compounding, it is important to check its label and

8) _______

compare it to __________.

A) the auxiliary label

C) the pH factor

B) D) the formula worksheet

9) With geometric dilution, ingredients are added in order of __________.

A) thickness B) quantity C) pH factor

9) _______ D) solubility

10) The main benefit of geometric dilution is that it ensures __________.

A) that the final product is completely dissolved B) that the suspension will mix when shaken C) even coloring and taste throughout the product D) even distribution of ingredients throughout the final product

10) ______

11) Compounding procedures in use today were originally developed by a Greek

pharmacist-

____ __

physician 11) by the name of _________ _.

A) Grante

B) Gilully

C) Galen

D) Galileo

12) Which factors are considered when determining a flavoring for a compound?

A) color B) smell C) pH D) all of the above

12) ______

13) Compounding is beneficial to pediatric formulations because __________.

A) sometimes children are difficult to dose orally B) flavoring can be used to make medicine palatable C) some medications do not have pediatric dosages available D) all of the above

13) ______

14) Before using a tool or piece of equipment in the compounding area, you should check it for

14) ______

__________.

A) cleanliness C) serial numbers

B) storage D) all of the above

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

15) A complete patient __________ must be completed to fully understand the patient's 15) ____________ needs.

16) "Shake well before use"; "Avoid sun exposure"; "Refrigerate"; and "Only use for the eye"

16) ____________

are examples of instructions found on __________.

17) A __________ is a record of all events during the compounding process; it is produced

17) ____________

from the formula.

18) Countertops and surfaces in the compounding area may be wiped down with

18) ____________

__________ isopropyl alcohol.

19) If a formula worksheet cannot be produced through a computer program, then it must

19) ____________

be __________.

20) The compounding workspace should be __________ from all other areas in the facility.

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

21) Most nuclear medicines can be volatile or unstable.

20) ____________

21) ______

22) Avicel is an excipient used for patients with diabetes.

22) ______

23) By the early 1970s, 10 percent of all prescriptions were compounded.

23) ______

24) All drugs are soluble in water; therefore, any drug may be stable in an aqueous solution.

24) ______

MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.

Match the final product with the appropriate expiration date.

25) aqueous solutions

A) 25 percent of product's remaining exp.

25) ______

date or 6 months

26) ______

26) creams

B) cold temperature for 14 days 27) ______

27) liquid in fixed oil

C) 30 days 28) ______

28) non-aqueous solutions with USP chemicals

D) room temperature for up to 6 months

29) solid dosage forms with USP chemicals

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

30) Describe factors that must be considered when deciding to compound for children or adults.

31) Explain geometric dilution.

29) ______

1) C 2) A 3) A 4) B 5) D 6) C 7) D 8) D 9) B 10) D 11) C 12) D 13) D 14) A 15) profile 16) auxiliary labels 17) worksheet 18) 70% 19) written legibly 20) separate 21) TRUE 22) FALSE 23) FALSE 24) FALSE 25) B 26) C 27) D 28) A 29) A 30) 31)

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) When designing a compounding facility, what is considered the most important consideration? 1) _______ A) plumbing B) space C) ventilation D) lighting 2) Countertops and surfaces to be used in a compounding area should be made with/from materials that __________.

A) do not retain dust C) are smooth

2) _______

B) are static-free D) all of the above

3) When is the work area cleaned in a compounding procedure?

A) after finishing B) immediately prior C) every morning D) both A and B

3) _______

4) Besides cleaning the compounding equipment, what benefit is derived from a dishwasher?

A) organization B) sterilization C) storage D) both A and B

4) _______

5) Dangerous substances, including gloves used in preparing hazardous materials, should be

5) _______

__________ before being disposed of.

A) sprayed with 70% isopropyl alcohol C) sanitized

B) washed with a germicidal D) placed in a zipper bag

6) All ingredients used in compounding should be stored __________ and separated by __________.

A) in a cool dry place, class C) on shelves, ingredients

7) What is an unguator?

A) an electric scale C) an electric mortar and pestle 8) A) hot

6) _______

B) alphabetically, class D) neatly, class 7) _______ B) a device used to make ointments D) a type of homogenizer

is a device use to delver __________ water.

B) distilled C) bacteriostatic

8) _______ D) sterile

9) Which of the following can be used in the preparation of a compound?

A) USP-grade water B) SWFI distilled water C) D) all of the above

9) _______

10) An adequate sink with __________ and __________ should be near any compounding

10) ______

workspace.

A) distilled water, proper drainage B) filtered water, a large basin C) hot and cold running water, a large basin D) hot and cold running water, proper drainage

11) If covered storage is not available for molds and capsule machines, they should be __________ before use.

A) wiped down with 70% isopropyl alcohol

11) ______

B) sprayed with distilled water C) washed with soapy water D) immersed in hot water SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

12) A cleaning log, known as a(n) __________, should be kept for each piece of equipment 12) ____________ in the compounding area.

13) To remove a stubborn sticky residue in a compounding area, __________ and

13) ____________

__________ may be used before the 70% isopropyl alcohol.

14) Trash should be removed from the compounding facility __________.

14) ____________

15) An area for compounding creams and ointments may include a compounding, or

15) ____________

ointment, __________ built right into the work surface.

16) __________ water should never be used in the preparation of a compound.

16) ____________

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

17) Proper cleaning of a compounding work area is vital to preventing cross-contamination.

17) ______

18) A compounding facility may install a dishwasher to thoroughly clean compounding

18) ______

equipment.

19) Organization is essential to good compounding practices.

19) ______

1) B 2) D 3) D 4) B 5) D 6) B 7) C 8) B 9) D 10) D 11) A 12) SOP 13) soap, water 14) daily 15) tile 16) Tap 17) TRUE 18) TRUE 19) TRUE

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Record keeping is essential __________.

1) _______ A) for consistently duplicating a compound B) for providing information about QC testing procedures C) for product recalls D) all of the above 2) An SOP is essential for documenting the __________ and __________ of equipment used in compounding.

A) updating, upkeep C) calibration, cleaning

2) _______

B) cleaning, set-up D) calibration, maintenance

3) Finish the common compounding saying, "If it hasn't been documented, __________".

A) then it doesn't exist B) then it needs to be soon C) it hasn't been done D) it goes against the SOP

3) _______

4) Documents issued by the chemical wholesaler, which documents chemical purity, are known as

4) _______

__________.

A) certificates of analysis C) SOPs

B) MSDS sheets D) invoices 5) _______

5) MSDS sheets contain information on __________.

A) certificate of analysis C) shipping and required labeling

B) chemical purity D) none of the above

6) An unclear SOP may result in __________.

A) potential harm to the patient C) loss of labor time

B) a substandard compounded product D) all of the above

6) _______

7) The triad is the professional relationship between the __________.

A) pharmacist, technician, and FDA B) technician, pharmacist, and patient C) patient, doctor, and pharmacist D) doctor, pharmacist, and technician

7) _______

8) Quality assurance includes documented, on-going QA programs for __________.

A) review of QA effectiveness B) monitoring patient outcomes training pharmacy personnel C) D) all of the above

8) _______

9) QC testing activities focus on the __________.

A) ingredients, devices, components, and final products B) training, equipment, cleaning procedures, and final product C) recipe, worksheet, SOP, and ingredients D) SOP, MSDS, certificate of analysis, and formula worksheet

9) _______

10) The USP is recognized as the standard for pharmacy practice by most state boards, and all

10) ______

chapters under __________ are legally enforceable.

A) 2000 B) 3000

C) 5000

D) 1000

11) What is the advantage of electronic record keeping?

A) saving space B) saving time C) better monitoring D) both A and B

11) ______

12) To document that SOPs are followed correctly, __________ should be included.

A) certificates of analysis B) sign-off sheets C) MSDSs D) USP 797s

12) ______

13) Compounding personnel should read and familiarize themselves with __________.

A) "Pharmacy Compounding" in the USP 25/NF20 B) USP 797 C) "Sterile Compounding" in the USP 27/NF22 D) all of the above

13) ______

14) To verify and sign off that a technician fully understands compounding, the technician should

14) ______

__________.

A) complete a fee-based exam B) receive 40 hours of didactic training C) demonstrate a verbal and operational knowledge D) all of the above

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

15) Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are two examples of 15) ____________ __________ records.

16) An __________ is a set of step-by-step written instructions on how to do a certain task.

16) ____________

17) A formulation record is also known as a __________.

17) ____________

18) A compound record is commonly referred to as the __________.

18) ____________

19) All technicians who are properly trained in and demonstrate an understanding of

19) ____________

compounding should be approved and documented by a __________.

20) If a compounding technician has any questions regarding compounding procedures, he

20) ____________

should __________.

21) The __________ is ultimately responsible for all compounding activities.

21) ____________

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

22) Compounding is regulated in the United States by the FDA.

22) ______

23) SOPs are used to monitor sterile compounds only.

23) ______

24) Commercially available finished products must be accompanied by a certificate of analysis as

24) ______

proof of chemical purity.

MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.

Match each item to the appropriate form. Answers may be used more than once.

25) pertinent calculations A) formulation record

25) ______

26) physiochemical information

B) certificate of analysis

26) ______

27) proof of chemical purity

C) compound records

27) ______

28) purpose of procedure

D) SOP

28) ______

29) QC procedure

E) MSDS

29) ______

30) QC testing results

30) ______

31) reference citation

31) ______

32) shipping/labeling requirements

32) ______

33) signature for final check on final

33) ______

product

34) sign-off sheet

34) ______

1) D 2) D 3) C 4) A 5) C 6) D 7) C 8) D 9) A 10) D 11) D 12) B 13) D 14) C 15) ingredient 16) SOP 17) recipe 18) worksheet 19) pharmacist 20) ask the pharmacist 21) pharmacist 22) FALSE 23) FALSE 24) FALSE 25) A 26) E 27) B 28) D 29) A 30) C 31) A 32) E 33) A 34) D

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) When compounding a medication that is bitter and requires an alternative dosage than what is 1) _______ commercially available, the best choice would be __________.

A) powder B) buccal tablet C) compressed tablet D) capsule

2) For patients who may have allergies to certain excipients, a(n) __________ can be made using only active ingredients.

A) capsule C) injection

2) _______

B) sublingual tablet D) powder

3) One dosage form that can be inserted as a pellet under the skin is the __________.

A) powder B) tablet C) capsule D) triturate

3) _______

4) A __________ tablet dissolves in body fluids.

A) triturate B) compressed

4) _______ C) sublingual

5) A __________ tablet is placed in the cheek to dissolve.

A) sublingual B) triturate C) compressed

D) buccal 5) _______ D) buccal

6) A typical die plate cavity ranges in size from __________.

A) 60 mg-100 mg B) 50 mg-1 g 10 mg-100 mg C) D) 50 mg-200 mg

6) _______

7) Calibrated molds used to make tablet forms are constructed of __________.

A) plastic B) copper C) metal D) both A and C

7) _______

8) To mask bitterness in medication for a horse, the medication is typically mixed with 5 g of

8) _______

__________.

A) starch

B) gelatin

C) sugar

D) lactose

9) A size number 10 capsule, used in veterinary compounding, has a relative capacity of __________.

A) 1 g

B) 1 mL

C) 1 pt.

9) _______

D) 1 oz.

10) When a chemical is stable only in a fixed oil environment, a(n) __________ is used.

A) opaque capsule B) gelatin C) dual capsule D) delayed release

10) ______

11) Magnesium stearate and sodium lauryl sulfate are two examples of powder additives used to

11) ______

__________.

A) enhance manageability of chemicals C) prevent separation in final product

B) help ingredients bind together D) mask bitterness

12) When preparing any compound, prescription ingredients should be __________.

A) placed to the back of the work area B) triple checked C) of the same color D) dissolvable

12) ______

13) ______

13) To accurately weigh the capsule filling, you must first place the empty capsule on a weigh paper and __________.

A) set scale at 5 C) place another weigh paper on top

B) set scale at 0 D) both A and B

14) A __________ device is used to pack the powder down into the body of a capsule.

A) dam B) weighing C) tamping D) rocking

14) ______

15) Particles of active ingredients used in compounding powders must be __________.

A) geometrically diluted B) moistened with distilled water C) lubricated D) reduced to the same size

15) ______

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

16) Capsules may be formulated for __________ release or __________ release.

16) ____________ 17) If a drug is too bulky to make into capsule or tablet form, a __________ may be used.

17) ____________

18) Insufflation requires the medication to be in __________ form.

18) ____________

19) A gelatin shell consists of two parts, the __________ and the __________.

19) ____________

20) Capsules for human use are available in __________ different sizes.

20) ____________

21) The smallest capsule size for human use is __________; the largest capsule size for

21) ____________

human use is __________.

22) When air enters a capsule and is trapped, an __________ will form.

22) ____________

23) An ointment tile is typically made of __________.

23) ____________

24) To prevent scratching the mold during tablet compounding, a __________ spatula

24) ____________

rather than a stainless steel one should be used.

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

25) The contents of a capsule may be semisolid, liquid, or powder.

25) ______

26) The compressed tablet is prepared in a fixed dosage form.

26) ______

27) One advantage to powder forms is that they may be used internally or externally.

27) ______

28) A sample weighing of the finished capsule is not necessary if more than 100 are filled at one

28) ______

time.

1) D 2) A 3) B 4) A 5) D 6) A 7) D 8) C 9) D 10) A 11) A 12) B 13) B 14) C 15) D 16) immediate, delayed 17) powder 18) powder 19) base, cap 20) eight 21) 5; 000 22) air bubble 23) glass 24) rubber 25) TRUE 26) TRUE 27) TRUE 28) FALSE

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Lozenges and troches are dosage forms meant to be placed into the oral cavity and should 1) _______ __________ over time.

A) cool

B) disintegrate

C) expand

2) Vaginal suppositories generally come in sizes of __________.

A) 3 g-5 g B) 1 g-2 g C) 10 g-20 g 3) A urethral suppository for a male is typically __________ in length.

A) 25 mm B) 12 mm C) 125 mm 4) A urethral suppository for a female is typically __________ in length.

A) 5 mm B) 50 mm C) 10 mm

D) foam 2) _______ D) 5 g-10 g 3) _______ D) 5 mm 4) _______ D) 25 mm

5) Troches made to dissolve are made from bases such as __________.

A) acacia B) vegetable shortening C) polyethyline glycols D) all of the above

5) _______

6) Gummy type dosage forms are an example of __________.

A) chewable troches B) lozenges C) buccal tablets D) suppositories

6) _______

7) Why is cocoa butter popular as an ingredient in compounding sticks?

A) It melts easily at body temperature.

B) The smell is appealing to most patients.

C) There is no after-taste.

D) both A and B

7) _______

8) As a general rule, solid ingredients will disperse a base anywhere from __________.

A) 10%-20% B) 50%-70% C) 5%-10% D) 70%-90%

8) _______

9) What can be done to molds to ease removal of the finished product?

A) tipping upside down B) adding low heat C) geometric dilution D) lubricating

9) _______

10) A troche mix commonly refers to the adding of what three ingredient?

A) silica gel, acacia, and sweetening agent B) dextrose, cocoa butter, and acacia C) silica gel, artificial sweetener, and isopropyl alcohol D) xantham gum, cocoa butter, and silica gel

10) ______

11) Colorings and flavorings are added to the troche mix __________.

A) as the second and third ingredients B) at the end of the formulation C) after the base has been measured D) while the mixture is being heated

11) ______

12) If a stick becomes marked with spots or blotches, it is known as __________.

A) sweating B) opaquing C) mottling D) burping

12) ______

13) For each formula being prepared, molds must be __________.

13) ______

A) burped

B) calibrated

C) heated

D) lubricated

14) A method where the base is melted using a water bath on a hotplate and poured into precalibrated molds is known as __________.

A) fusion B) calibrating

C) circulating

14) ______

D) molting

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

15) A major difference between the lozenge and troche is that a lozenge is never 15) ____________ __________.

16) A lozenge or __________ dosage form is meant to deliver medication through the

16) ____________

mucosal tissue of the oral cavity.

17) A dosage form that is typically cylindrical in shape is the __________.

17) ____________

18) A styptic pencil is an example of a __________ dosage form.

18) ____________

19) A deodorant stick is an example of a __________ stick dosage form.

19) ____________

20) A stick containing acyclovir and sunscreen is an example of a(n) __________ stick

20) ____________

dosage form.

21) Tapping a mold recently filled with compounded troche products to bring air bubbles

21) ____________

to the surfaces is known as __________.

22) When preparing suppositories, preparation of __________ percent excess is

22) ____________

recommended to allow for loss during prep or overfilling.

23) Finished suppositories should be wrapped in __________.

23) ____________

24) Lozenges and troches prepared from manufactured products have a beyond-use date

24) ____________

of 25 percent of time remaining of the products' expiration or __________ months, whichever is earlier.

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

25) A straw or a thin glass tube can be used as a mold for urethral suppositories.

25) ______

26) Zinc Oxide is used as a sun block.

26) ______

27) Liquid ingredients have a displacement value of 100 percent.

27) ______

28) The temperature used to harden a candy troche is around 154°C.

28) ______

MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.

Match each ingredient to the best selection.

29) castor oil

A) like corn oil; may turn rancid

29) ______

30) cocoa butter

B) high viscosity

30) ______

31) mineral oil

C) stiffening agent

31) ______

32) petrolatum

D) weak, brittle; enhances glossiness in

32) ______

small amounts

33) ______

33) lanolin

E) aids in incorporating aqueous based products

34) ______

34) lecithin

35)

F) very stable, glassy finish

35) ______

G) resists rancidity

36) ______

H) melts at body temperature

37) ______

I) small % will raise melting point

38) ______

carnauba wax

36) beeswax

37) paraffin wax

38) vegetable oil

J) improves texture and application

1) B 2) A 3) C 4) B 5) C 6) A 7) A 8) D 9) D 10) A 11) B 12) C 13) B 14) A 15) chewed 16) troche 17) suppository 18) hard stick 19) soft, clear 20) opaque 21) burping 22) 10 23) foil wrappers 24) six 25) TRUE 26) TRUE 27) TRUE 28) TRUE 29) B 30) H 31) G 32) F 33) E 34) J 35) I 36) C 37) D 38) A

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Methylparaben and propylparaben are two examples of __________.

1) _______ A) emulsions B) suspensions C) preservatives D) syrups 2) Ascorbic acid is an example of a(n) __________ that may be added as a buffer to liquids to prevent degradation.

A) preservative

B) emulsifier

C) antioxidant

3) The continental method is also referred to as the __________ method.

A) co-solvent B) dry gum C) English 4) The wet gum method is also known as the __________ method.

A) English B) co-solvent C) o/w

2) _______

D) vehicle 3) _______ D) shaking 4) _______ D) continental

5) As part of quality control, emulsions should be checked for __________.

A) coalescence B) mold C) creaming D) all of the above

5) _______

6) All compounding activities should include __________ on all weights, measurements,

6) _______

documentation, calculations, and end-product testing.

A) triple checks B) worksheets C) calibrations

D) SOPs

7) Propylene glycol has been shown by the World Health Organization to increase seizure risk in children at what amount?

A) 15 mg/kg per day C) 25 mg/kg per day

7) _______

B) 2 mg/kg per day D) 5 mg/kg per day

8) As part of quality control, suspensions should be checked for __________.

A) pourability B) taste settling of undissolved particles C) D) both A and C

8) _______

9) What factors should be considered when preparing any oral liquid?

A) taste B) drug concentration and solubility C) pH of the vehicle and pKa of the drug D) all of the above

9) _______

10) Purified water, ethanol, syrups or a blend of these ingredients may be used as __________ for

10) ______

liquid compounded medications.

A) emulsifies B) co-solvents

C) buffers

D) vehicles

11) Emulsions contain what three basic components?

A) semi-solid phase, liquid phase, emulsifier B) co-solvent phase, lipid phase, aqueous phase C) suspended phase, lipid phase, aqueous phase D) lipid phase, aqueous phase, emulsifier

11) ______

12) Methocel, PEG 400, and the Tweens and Spans are all examples of what?

A) emulsifiers B) antioxidants C) buffers

12) ______ D) preservatives

13) After grinding tablets with a mortar and pestle to be compounded into a liquid preparation, what size sieve should the powder be passed through?

A) 20 B) 100 C) 1000

13) ______

D) 50

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

14) Sugar or sugar substitute aqueous liquids are commonly referred to as __________.

14) ____________ 15) Elixirs are best used for medications that are dissolvable in __________.

15) ____________

16) Topical solutions are also known as __________.

16) ____________

17) The two types of emulsions are __________ and __________.

17) ____________

18) To prevent microbial contamination, a(n) __________ may be added to oral liquid

18) ____________

compounds.

19) Increasing the viscosity of an emulsion is one way to enhance the __________.

19) ____________

20) A fixed oil suspension will have a shorter expiration date if __________ is present.

20) ____________

21) Suspensions and emulsions should include an auxiliary label stating "__________ prior

21) ____________

to dispensing."

22) If the technician notices any inconsistencies with liquid compound preparations, he

22) ____________

should __________.

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

23) When preparing pediatric liquid compounds, one highly important consideration is taste.

23) ______

24) Trituration is reducing a drug to a fine powder.

24) ______

25) The patient or caregiver should always be offered counseling when receiving a compounded

25) ______

prescription.

26) Water-based compound liquids should be assigned a 14-day expiration date when stored in cold temperatures.

26) ______

1) C 2) C 3) B 4) A 5) D 6) A 7) C 8) D 9) B 10) D 11) D 12) A 13) B 14) syrups 15) alcohol 16) lotions 17) oil-in-water, water-in-oil 18) preservative 19) stability 20) water 21) Shake well 22) notify the pharmacist 23) TRUE 24) TRUE 25) TRUE 26) TRUE

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Pulverizing dry ingredients into a fine powder is called __________.

1) _______ A) penetrating B) homogenizing C) levigating D) suspending 2) What can be added to decrease water loss from a compounded topical product?

A) stiffener B) lecithin C) humectant D) gelling agent

2) _______

3) Hydroxyethylcellulose, povidine, and sodium alginate are three examples of __________ used

3) _______

to increase the viscosity of the liquid base to form macromolecules.

A) gelling agents B) emulsions C) humectants

D) stiffeners

4) Water-in-oil emulsion bases are prepared by adding water to a(n) __________.

A) oil in water emulsion B) gelling agent C) absorption base D) ointment

4) _______

5) Ointment, creams, pastes, and gels have what function?

A) treatment or medication by skin application B) skin hydration C) protection of an injured area and healing D) all of the above

5) _______

6) Topical bases are classified according to what method?

A) consistency and solubility B) degree of skin penetration C) relationship of water to base composition D) both B and C

6) _______

7) If a pure drug cannot be obtained to prepare a topical product, what would be a good

7) _______

alternative source?

A) a water-in-oil emulsion C) bulk chemicals

B) injectable form D) none of the above

8) Utilizing the syringe method to prepare a gel is done easily using __________.

A) a levigating agent B) PLC C) a spinning bar D) leur-lock syringes

8) _______

9) A large water drop surrounded by an oil formation that can be found in the preparation of

9) _______

PLOs is called a __________.

A) micelle B) Tween 80

C) lecithin

D) PEG 400

10) What should a topical product that has a pH of less than 6.5 be packaged in?

A) light resistant plastic B) glass container plastic ointment jar C) D) aluminum tube

10) ______

11) All topical products should include what auxiliary label when they are dispensed?

A) "For external use only."

B) "Shake well before use."

11) ______

C) "Protect from sun exposure."

D) "Expires 1 year from date of preparation."

12) Drug penetration and effect is dependant on __________.

A) the skin's condition B) the use of occlusive dressings surface area where topical is applied C) D) all of the above

12) ______

13) White petrolatum is an example of a(n) __________ base.

A) water soluble B) oleaginous C) absorption D) water-in-oil emulsion

13) ______

14) Antioxidants can be added to a topical compounded product to reduce __________.

A) separation B) rancidification C) loss of pH D) levigation

14) ______

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

15) Semi-solid topical preparations that are applied to the skin or mucous membranes are 15) ____________ called __________.

16) Very stiff or viscous ointments that do not soften or melt are referred to as __________.

16) ____________

17) Opaque soft solids or thick liquids that are used topically are known as __________.

17) ____________

18) In a two-phase system, when the particle size is large it is called a __________.

18) ____________

19) Ideally, pure drug from a __________ or __________ powder is the best source of active

19) ____________

ingredients for preparing a topical product.

20) The two basic methods used to compound topical products are __________ and

20) ____________

__________.

21) Pastes usually contain at least __________ percent solids.

21) ____________

22) Classification systems for gels according to the USP include both __________ and

22) ____________

__________.

23) Mixing creams with ointments may cause __________, as these are not like compounds.

23) ____________

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

24) In attempting to use tablets to prepare a typical compounded product, the difficulty is in the

24) ______

grittiness of the texture.

25) Stiffeners enhance the viscosity of a topical preparation.

25) ______

26) Stiffeners are usually high volumes of wax with low melting points.

26) ______

27) It is best to add an active ingredient to a gelling agent before the gel is formed.

27) ______

MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.

Match each ingredient with the proper description.

28)

A) absorption B)

29) PEG

28) ______

water-in-oil emulsion

29) ______

oleaginous

30) ______

absorption

31) ______

oil-in-water emulsion

32) ______

water-soluble

33) ______

oil-in-water emulsion

34) ______

C) 30) D) 31) Lanolin E) 32) hydrophilic petrolatum F) 33) white petrolatum G) 34) white ointment 35)

35) ______

36)

36) ______

37) UnibaseTM

37) ______

1) C 2) C 3) A 4) C 5) D 6) D 7) B 8) D 9) A 10) D 11) A 12) D 13) B 14) B 15) ointments 16) pastes 17) creams 18) magma 19) USP, NF 20) manual, mechanical 21) 20 22) organic, inorganic 23) incompatibilities 24) TRUE 25) TRUE 26) FALSE 27) TRUE 28) D 29) F 30) G 31) B 32) A 33) C 34) C 35) G 36) B 37) E

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) According to the USP 797, which of the following must be prepared as sterile products?

1) _______ A) nasal B) ophthalmic C) otic D) all of the above 2) A pH range of __________ is well tolerated by the eye.

A) 4-9 B) 4-6 C) 4-8

2) _______ D) 4-7

3) Buffers are used in ophthalmic preparations to __________.

A) maximize patient comfort B) prevent eye damage create a consistent texture C) D) only A and B

3) _______

4) When a compounded preparation is intended as a multi-use product, __________ can be added

4) _______

to prevent microbial growth.

A) preservatives C) viscosity enhancers

B) tonicity agents D) both A and C

5) Maximum concentration of antioxidants, Thiourea, and sodium bisulfate in ophthalmic and nasal preparation is __________.

A) 0.1% B) 0.001%

C) 1.0%

5) _______

D) 0.01%

6) By increasing viscosity in ophthalmic preparations, you also __________.

A) are able to add preservatives B) extend the expiration date C) increase length of duration in the eye D) enhance solubility

6) _______

7) To increase comfort when instilling ophthalmic preparations into the eye, __________ are used.

A) tonicity agents B) viscosity enhancers C) wetting/clarifying agents D) preservatives

7) _______

8) For certain ingredients that are heat sensitive, a gas such as __________ may be used to sterilize

8) _______

the product.

A) ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid C) boric acid

B) ethylene oxide D) thimerosal

9) Otic irrigation solutions can be warmed to __________ °C to improve patient comfort.

A) 37 B) 30 C) 35 D) 15

9) _______

10) What is added to otic preparations to evenly distribute the drug and break up ear wax?

A) preservatives B) non-aqueous vehicles C) surfactants D) either A or C

10) ______

11) What is an unwanted result if tonicity falls out of range in a nasal preparation?

A) The product expires immediately.

B) Nasal ciliary movement stops or slows.

C) The ingredients separate.

D) The color darkens.

11) ______

12) Before this date, otic preparations needed to be prepared in what was described as a clean

12) ______

environment, such as ISO class 8 or class 100,000.

A) January 2004

B) August 2000

C) May 2005

D) February 2002

13) Sterilization through filtration for ophthalmic suspension would result in __________.

A) removal of active ingredient(s) B) increased viscosity C) degradation D) increased pH

13) ______

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

14) Ophthalmic compounded products must be sterilized by some other method than 14) ____________ __________.

15) Ophthalmic solutions are filtered by passing the product through a size __________

15) ____________

micron filter.

16) All compounding personnel must be properly trained and validated according to the

16) ____________

USP __________ standards.

17) If a barrier isolator is used to prepare an ophthalmic compound, it must be a 120 class

17) ____________

__________ or class __________ environment.

18) _______________ sterilization can be used to dry oil ophthalmic preparations.

18) ____________

19) The most common vehicles used in otic preparations are __________, such as mineral

19) ____________

oil, glycerin, and vegetable oils.

20) When compounding ophthalmic, otic, or nasal preparations, preparing some extra

20) ____________

product for the _______________ as part of quality control is recommended.

21) If a product is prepared in a batch and packaged into containers, the containers should

21) ____________

be __________ until end product testing has been performed and passed.

22) __________ is the most common material used for ophthalmic solutions.

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

23) Ophthalmic ointments may not always contain an active drug.

22) ____________

23) ______

24) Tears are a method for the eye to flush out foreign matter.

24) ______

25) Tears are isotonic and equivalent to 0.45% sodium chloride solution.

25) ______

26) The eye can tolerate a 0.6% to 1.8% sodium chloride equivalency.

26) ______

MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.

Match the item to its use. Answers may be used more than once.

27) benzalkonium chloride A) preservative

27) ______

28) chlorobutanol

B) tonicity agent

28) ______

29) dextrose

C) wetting/clarifying agent

29) ______

30) ethylene diamineetraacetic acid

D) viscosity enhancer

30) ______

31) glycerin

E) antioxidant

31) ______

32) methylcellulose

32) ______

33) polysorbate 80

33) ______

34) polyvinyl alcohol

34) ______

35) potassium chloride

35) ______

36) sodium bisulfate

36) ______

1) D 2) C 3) D 4) A 5) A 6) C 7) A 8) B 9) A 10) C 11) B 12) A 13) A 14) filtration 15) 0.2 16) 797 17) 5, 100 18) Dry heat 19) non-aqueous 20) end product testing 21) quarantined 22) Plastic 23) TRUE 24) TRUE 25) FALSE 26) TRUE 27) A 28) A 29) B 30) E 31) B 32) D 33) C 34) D 35) B 36) E

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) When an individual is suffering from a bad cold, foods such as onions will sometimes taste 1) _______ __________.

A) salty

B) sour

C) bitter

D) sweet

2) Monosodium glutamate is an example of a __________.

A) flavor enhancer B) micronized agent C) sweetening agent D) alcohol diluting agent

2) _______

3) A major characteristic of marshmallow flavoring is that it __________.

A) creates the impression of a sweeter taste B) will intensify sweet tastes C) tastes like mint when mixed with vanilla D) both A and B

3) _______

4) A salty taste is best hidden with __________ syrup.

A) licorice B) mint C) vanilla

4) _______ D) cinnamon

5) The best choice for disguising cod liver oil is __________.

A) lemon oil B) licorice C) cinnamon oil D) wintergreen oil

5) _______

6) A drug that is unstable due to hydrolysis, such as aspirin, may benefit from the use of a

6) _______

__________ diluting agent.

A) aqueous C) hydroalcoholic

B) alcoholic D) fixed oil

7) This type of diluting agent includes aromatic waters and syrups and is very useful in masking of bad tasting medicines.

A) alcoholic C) fixed oil

7) _______

B) aqueous D) hydroalcoholic

8) These diluting agents refer to substances that are soluble either in water or dilute alcohol.

A) aqueous B) hydroalcoholic C) alcoholic D) fixed oil

8) _______

9) Alcohol diluting agents are __________% alcohol and are used when a chemical is soluble in a

9) _______

strong alcohol.

A) 100

B) 50

C) 20

D) 35

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

10) __________ have more taste buds than __________.

10) ____________ 11) Sour receptors are located at the __________ of the tongue.

11) ____________

12) Sour tastes are caused by __________ ions.

12) ____________

13) One of the most commonly used flavor enhancers is __________.

13) ____________

14) Dextrose, corn syrup, and sorbitol are all examples of __________ agents.

14) ____________

15) The four basic kinds of diluting agents are __________, __________, __________, and

15) ____________

__________.

16) Xantham gum, a substance used as a suspending agent, is usually added in varying

16) ____________

concentrations of __________% to __________%

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

17) Coloring and flavoring actually have a therapeutic benefit.

17) ______

18) Generally speaking, individuals are more sensitive to smell than taste.

18) ______

19) Mint flavoring can give off a cooling effect.

19) ______

20) The brain perceives taste as a composite sensation and is not able to discern between different

20) ______

tastes.

MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.

Match the syrup to the taste it masks. Answers may be used more than once.

21) acacia A) oil

21) ______

22) butterscotch

B) sour

22) ______

23) cocoa

C) bitter

23) ______

24) glycyrrhiza

D) salty

24) ______

25) licorice

E) salty

25) ______

26) maple

26) ______

27) peach

27) ______

28) teaberry

28) ______

29) tragacanth

29) ______

30) wintergreen

30) ______

1) D 2) A 3) D 4) D 5) D 6) D 7) B 8) B 9) B 10) Children, adults 11) center 12) hydrogen 13) vanilla 14) sweetening 15) fixed oils, aqueous, hydroalcoholic, alcoholic 16) 0.2, 1.0 17) FALSE 18) TRUE 19) TRUE 20) TRUE 21) B 22) E 23) C 24) D 25) C 26) E 27) C 28) A 29) B 30) A

Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) The Latin abbreviation s.i.d. used in veterinary pharmacy stands for __________.

1) _______ A) left and right ear B) once a day dosing C) four times daily D) as needed 2) The FDA views compounding prescriptions from bulk chemicals not covered under __________ as illegal.

A) AMDUCA

B) CPG

C) GPC

3) Typically, birds tend to like flavors that are __________.

A) salty B) meaty C) vegetable like

2) _______

D) HIPAA 3) _______ D) sweet, fruity

4) Years ago, veterinary compounding was done in __________.

A) specialty pharmacies B) animal hospitals C) veterinarian offices D) both B and C

4) _______

5) __________ is an antipsychotic agent used to treat dementia in geriatric canines.

A) Semental B) Anapryl C) Abilify D) Enalapril

5) _______

6) The drug piroxicam, used to treat pain and inflammation in humans, is used to treat

6) _______

__________ in canines.

A) specific types of cancerous tumors C) ringworm

B) pain and inflammation D) heart conditions

7) Medications may not work in the same manner in both dogs and cats because of __________.

A) weight B) elimination C) metabolism D) animal size

7) _______

8) The FDA's main objective for enforcing laws in regards to medication use in animals is

8) _______

__________.

A) animal comfort C) animal abuse prevention

B) patient safety D) all of the above

9) Typically, the expiration date on a veterinary compound should not exceed __________.

A) length of prescribed treatment B) 1 week C) 6 months D) 30 days

9) _______

10) A compounding veterinary pharmacy must include all information required by __________.

A) federal law B) state law C) DEA D) both A and B

10) ______

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

11) Books such as the Merck Veterinary Manual can be great __________ available to the 11) ____________ veterinary compounder.

12) One way to avoid errors with phoned-in prescriptions is to confirm the __________ of the drug ordered.

12) ____________

13) The veterinary prescription label reads "Caution: Federal Law restricts this drug to use

13) ____________

by or on the order of a licensed __________."

14) An artificial chocolate product, such as __________, can be used as chocolate flavoring

14) ____________

for animals.

15) Because it is difficult to get close enough to wild animals to administer treatment,

15) ____________

medicines can be placed in their __________.

16) When chemotherapy agents are compounded for animals, the __________ should be

16) ____________

instructed on safe handling and disposal.

17) As with medications compounded for humans, veterinary compounds should be kept

17) ____________

out of reach of __________.

18) Marine animals such as seals can have medications placed in __________ to ensure

18) ____________

compliance.

19) The GPC state that the veterinarian is responsible for ensuring that there is a

19) ____________

__________ medical need for the medicine prescribed for an animal.

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

20) A veterinary compounding pharmacy must carry commercial supplies, such as heartburn

20) ______

medicine, for the convenience of the public.

21) Many medications, such as piroxicam, are indicated for the same use by the FDA for humans as

21) ______

for animals.

22) All pharmacy terminology used for filling prescriptions for humans can be used for animals in

22) ______

the same manner.

23) All prescriptions compounded for animals must include the veterinary prescription label.

23) ______

1) B 2) A 3) D 4) D 5) B 6) A 7) C 8) B 9) A 10) D 11) references or resources 12) spelling 13) veterinarian 14) carab 15) food 16) owner 17) children 18) fish 19) legitimate 20) FALSE 21) FALSE 22) FALSE 23) TRUE