Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Child Development
Edition:
8th Edition
Author(s):
Laura E. Berk
Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) According to Locke, how should a teacher respond to a child who acts out in class? 1) _______ A) Use physical punishment to correct misbehavior. B) Give the child a time-out. C) Offer the child money or sweets for good behavior. D) Warmly explain classroom expectations to the child. 2) Locke believed that development is __________ and largely influenced by __________. A) continuous; nature B) discontinuous; nurture C) continuous; nurture D) discontinuous; nature
2) _______
3) In the United States and Canada, the poverty rate for single mothers with infants and preschoolers is nearly __________ and __________ percent, respectively. A) 5; 10 B) 50; 30 C) 15; 30 D) 30; 50
3) _______
4) Of the following, which is a major criticism of Freud's theory? A) It overemphasizes sexual feelings in development. B) It mostly ignores milestones of infant and toddler development. C) It ignores the value of the clinical, or case study, method. D) It does not acknowledge the individual's unique life history as worthy of study and understanding.
4) _______
5) Of the following, which statement is TRUE regarding Canadian welfare policy? A) Canadian child care consumes more than 65 percent of a minimum wage-earner's income. B) Generally, a Canadian family's benefits increase if family size increases. C) A Canadian family can be on welfare for 24 continuous months. D) Canada offers working parents the least generous tax refunds of any industrial nation.
5) _______
6) Of the following, which is a contribution of psychoanalytic theory? A) It provided a rich source of testable hypotheses about personality development. B) It remains in the mainstream of child development research. C) It inspired a wealth of research on many aspects of emotional and social development. D) It emphasized a wide range of research methods to study child development.
6) _______
7) During which period of development do children form their first intimate ties to others? A) early childhood B) middle childhood C) infancy and toddlerhood D) adolescence
7) _______
8) During the middle of the twentieth century, North American psychology was dominated by A) behaviorism. B) neuroscience. C) evolutionary theory. D) cognitive development.
8) _______
9) Theories differ from mere opinion and belief in that A) their continued existence depends on scientific verification. B) they are not influenced by cultural values or belief systems. C) they provide the ultimate truth. D) they are usually too abstract to be used as a basis for practical action.
9) _______
10) During early childhood, language develops rapidly and children are responsive to
con versati
onal 10) interactio ns. Based on these observati ons, one could argue that A) children play a passive role in language acquisition. B) language development begins in the womb. C) language acquisition is due to a genetic blueprint. D) early childhood is a sensitive period for language development.
___ ___
11) The information-processing approach has been used to A) facilitate bilingual speech recognition. B) clarify the acquisition of gender-linked preferences and behaviors. C) predict school achievement and career success. D) map the differences between environment and learned behaviors.
11) ______
12) Hall and Gesell's research A) was conducted on small samples of their own friends and relatives. B) focused primarily on early motor development. C) launched the normative approach to development. D) was based solely on interviews with parents.
12) ______
13) At what age does children's reasoning become logical and better organized? A) 5-7 years B) 7-11 years C) 4-6 years
13) ______ D) 2-5 years
14) Besides distinguishing and integrating the three domains of development, researchers A) recruit children for behavioral studies through the public school system. B) choose only one specific area of social development to thoroughly study. C) measure all human behavior through weekly talk-therapy sessions. D) divide the flow of time into sensible, manageable parts or age periods.
14) ______
15) Research on welfare-to-work shows that A) moving off welfare is always beneficial for children. B) poverty rarely has long-lasting consequences for young children. C) welfare reform promotes children's development only when it results in a more adequate standard of living. D) families who moved from welfare to a combination of welfare and work experienced a greater increase in children's behavior problems than families who moved to a total reliance on work.
15) ______
16) Theorists who emphasize __________ in explaining individual differences typically stress the importance of __________. A) early experiences; discontinuity B) context; continuity C) nurture; stages D) stability; heredity
16) ______
17) The roots of ethology can be traced to the work of A) Freud. B) Piaget.
17) ______ C) Darwin.
D) Rousseau.