C++ How to Program, 8E by Paul Deitel Test Bank

Type:

Test Bank

Resource:

C++ How to Program

Edition:

8th Edition

Author(s):

Paul Deitel Harvey Deitel

C++ How to Program, 8/e Multiple Choice Test Bank

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Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Section 1.1 Introduction 1.1 Q1: Which of the following statements is false? a. Object-oriented programming is today's key programming methodology. b. C++ is one of today's most popular software development languages. c. Software commands computer hardware to perform tasks. d. In use today are more than a trillion general-purpose computers and trillions more cellphones, smartphones and other handheld devices.

ANS: d. In use today are more than a trillion general-purpose computers and trillions more Java-enabled cellphones, smartphones and other handheld devices. [Replace "trillions" with "billions."]

1.1 Q2: Which of the following statements is false? a. Object-oriented programming is today's key programming methodology. b. C++ is standardized worldwide through the International Organization for Standardization. c. The Internet was made possible by the convergence of computing and communications. d. The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses a network of cellular communications towers to retrieve locationbased information.

ANS: d. The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses a network of cellular communications towers to retrieve location-based information. [GPS uses a network of satellites.]

Section 1.2 Computers: Hardware and Software 1.2 Q1: Which of the following is most closely associated with Moore's Law? a. Every year or two, the price of computers has approximately doubled. b. Object-oriented programming uses less memory than previous software-development methodologies. c. Demand for communications bandwidth is decreasing dramatically each year. d. Every year or two, the capacities of computers have approximately doubled without any increase in price.

ANS: d. Every year or two, the capacities of computers have approximately doubled without any increase in price.

1.2 Q2: Which of the following statements is false? a. A quadrillion-instruction-per-section computer can perform in one second more than 100,000 instructions for every person on the planet. b. Today's key programming methodology is object-oriented programming. c. The vast majority of the microprocessors produced each year are used in general-purpose computers. d. Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called computer programs..

ANS: c. The vast majority of the microprocessors produced each year are used in general-purpose computers.

[Actually, they're used in embedded systems.]

Section 1.3 Data Hierarchy 1.3 Q1: Which of the following statements is false? a. The impressive functions performed by computers involve only the simplest manipulations of 1s and 2s . b. ASCII is a popular subset of Unicode. c. Fields are composed of characters or bytes. d. On some operating systems, a file is viewed simply as a sequence of bytes.

ANS: a. The impressive functions performed by computers involve only the simplest manipulations of 1s and 2s .

It's 1s and 0s.

1.3 Q2: Which of the following data items are arranged from the smallest to the largest in the data hierarchy. a. records, characters, fields, bits, files. b. bits, files, fields, records, characters. c. fields, characters, bits, files, records. d. bits, characters, fields, records, files.

ANS: d. bits, characters, fields, records, files.

Section 1.4 Computer Organization 1.4 Q1: Which of the following is not one of the six logical units of a computer? ..

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a. Input unit. b. Output unit. c. Central processing unit. d. Printer.

ANS: d. Printer.

1.4 Q2: Which of the following statements is false? a. Speaking to your computer is a form of input. b. Playing a video is an example of output. c. A multi-core processor implements several processors on a single integrated-circuit chip. d. Information in the memory unit is persistent—it is retained when the computer's power is turned off.

ANS: Information in the memory unit is persistent—it is retained when the computer's power is turned off. Actually the information is volatile—it's lost when power is turned off.

Section 1.5 Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages 1.5 Q1: Which of the following is not one of the three general types of computer languages? a. Machine languages. b. Assembly languages. c. High-Level languages. d. Spoken languages.

ANS: d. Spoken languages.

1.5 Q2: Which of the following statements is true? a. Interpreted programs run faster than compiled programs. b. Compilers translate high-level language programs into machine language programs. c. Interpreter programs typically use machine language as input. d. None of the above.

ANS: b. Compilers translate high-level language programs into machine language programs.

Section 1.6 Introduction to Object Technology 1. 6 Q1: ________ is a graphical language that allows people who design software systems to use an industry standard notation to represent them. a. The Unified Graphical Laguage b. The Unified Design Language c. The Unified Modeling Language d. None of the above ANS: c. The Unified Modeling Language.

1. 6 Q2: ________ models software in terms similar to those that people use to describe real-world objects. a. Object-oriented programming b. Object-oriented design c. Procedural programming d. None of the above ANS: b. Object-oriented design.

1.6 Q3: Which statement is false? a. Classes are reusable software components. b. A class is to an object as a blueprint is to a house. c. Performing a task in a program requires a method. d. A class is an instance of its object.

ANS: A class is an instance of its object. The reverse is true.

Section 1.7 Operating Systems 1.7 Q1 Which of the following statements is false? ..

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a. The concepts of icons, menus and windows were originally developed by Xerox PARC. b. Windows is an open source operating system. c. The software that contains the core components of the operating system is called the kernel. d. Linux source code is available to the public for examination and modification.

Ans: b. Windows is an open source operating system. Actually, Windows is a proprietary operating system.

1.7 Q2: Which of the following is not a key organization in the open-source community? a. Apache. b. SourceForge. c. Firefox. d. Eclipse.

ANS: c. Firefox (it's a web browser made by the open source organization Mozilla).

Section 1.8 Programming Languages 1.8 Q1: Today, virtually all new major operating systems are written in: a. Objective-C. b. C or C++. c. Visual C#. d. Ada. ANS: b. C or C++.

1.8 Q2: Which of the following languages is used primarily for scientific and engineering applications? a. Fortran. b. COBOL. c. Pascal. d. Basic.

ANS: a. Fortran.

1.8 Q3: Which language was developed by Microsoft in the early 1990s to simplify the development of Windows applications? a. Visual C#. b. Python. c. Objective-C. d. Visual Basic.

ANS: d. Visual Basic.

Section 1.9 C++ and a Typical C++ Development Environment 1.9 Q1: The a. Interpreter. b. Compiler. c. Preprocessor. d. Loader.

ANS: b. Compiler.

creates object code and stores it on disk.

1.9 Q2: The linker links: a. The source code with the object code. b. The object code with the external libraries. c. The executable code with primary memory. d. The primary memory with the CPU. ANS: b. The object code with external libraries.

Section 1.10 Test-Driving a C++ Application (none) ..

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Section 1.11 Web 2.0: Going Social 1.11 Q1: ________ helps Internet-based applications perform like desktop applications. a. Ajax b. Blogging c. RSS d. Mashups ANS: a. Ajax.

1.11 Q2: Which of the following companies is widely regarded at the "signature" company of Web 2.0 ? a. Foursquare. b. Facebook. c. Google. d. Groupon.

ANS: c. Google.

Section 1.12 Software Technologies 1.12 Q1: ________ involves reworking programs to make them clearer and easier to maintain while preserving their correctness and functionality. a. Object-oriented programming b. Refactoring c. Agile software development d. LAMP ANS: b. Refactoring.

1.12 Q2: Which software product release category is "generally feature complete and supposedly bug free, and ready for use by the community?" a. Alpha. b. Beta. c. Release candidate. d. Continuous beta.

ANS: c. Release candidate.

Section 1.13 Future of C++: TR1, the New C++ Standard and the Open Source Boost Libraries 1.13 Q2: Which of the following is not a goal stated by the creator of C++ for the new C++ standard? a. Make C++ easier to learn. b. Improve library building capabilities. c. Make C++ an open source programming language. d. Increase compatibility with the C programming language.

ANS: c. Make C++ an open source programming language.

1.14 Which statement about the Boost C++ Libraries is false? a. They are free, open source libraries created by members of the C++ community. b. Several of the Boost libraries are included in Technical Report 1 (TR1) and will be included in the new standard. c. Two examples of the Boost libraries are the "regular expression" and "smart pointer" libraries. d. Smart pointers are used to match specific character patterns in text.

ANS: d. Smart pointers are used to match specific character patterns in text. [Regular expressions are used for this purpose.]

Section 1.14 Keeping Up-to-Date with Information Technologies (none).

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Chapter 2: Introduction to C++ Programming Section 2.2 First Program in C++: Printing a Line of Text

2.2 Q1: End-of-line comments that should be ignored by the compiler are denoted using: a. Two forward slashes ( // ). b. Three forward slashes ( /// ). c. A slash and a star ( /* ). d. A slash and two stars ( /** ).

ANS: a. Two forward slashes ( // ).

2.2 Q2: Which of the following does not cause a syntax error to be reported by the C++ compiler? a. Mismatched {}. b. Missing */ in a comment. c. Missing ; at the end of a statement. d. Extra blank lines.

ANS: d. Extra blank lines.

2.2 Q3: Which of the following is not a syntax error? a. b.

std::cout << 'Hello world! '; std::cout << "Hello world! "; c. std::cout << "Hello world! "; d. std::cout << Hello world!; ANS: c. std::cout << "Hello world! ";

2.2 Q4: The escape sequence for a newline is: a. b. c. d.

\n \t \r \a

ANS: a. \n

2.2 Q5: Which of the following statements would display the phrase C++ is fun? a. b. c. d.

std::cout << "Thisis fun\rC++ "; std::cout << '++ is fun'; std::cout << "\"C++ is fun\""; std::cout << C++ is fun; ANS: a. std::cout << "Thisis fun\rC++ ";

Section 2.3 Modifying Our First C++ Program

2.3 Q1: Which of the following is not a valid C++ identifier? a. b. c. d.

my Value _AAA1 width m_x ANS: a. my Value (Identifiers may not contain blanks)

2.3 Q2: Which is the output of the following statements? std::cout << "Hello "; std::cout << "World"; a.

Hello World

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b. c.

World Hello Hello World d. World Hello

ANS: a. Hello World

2.3 Q3: Which of the following is the escape character? a. b. c. d.

* \ \n “ ANS: b. \

2.3 Q4: Which of the following code segments prints a single line containing hello there with the words separated by a single space? a.

std::cout << "hello ";

std::cout << " there"; b. c.

std::cout << "hello" , std::cout << "hello";

" there";

std::cout << "there"; d.

std::cout << "hello";

std::cout << " there"; ANS: d. std::cout << "hello"; std::cout << " there"; Section 2.4 Another C++ Program: Adding Integers

2.4 Q1: Which of the following is a variable declaration statement? a. b. c. d.

int total; #include <iostream> int main() // first string entered by user

ANS: a. int total;

2.4 Q2: The ________ object enables a program to read data from the user. a. std::cout. b. std::cin. c. std::cread. d. std::cget.

ANS:b. std::cin.

2.4 Q3: The assignment operator ________ assigns the value of the expression on its right to the variable on its left. a. b. c. d.

<-> = #

ANS: c. =.

2.4 Q4: The std::endl stream manipulator________. a. inputs a newline. b. flosses the output buffer. c. outputs a newline and flushes the output buffer. d. terminates the program.

ANS: c. outputs a newline and flushes the output buffer.

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Section 2.5 Memory Concepts

2.5 Q1: Which of the following statements does not overwrite a preexisting value stored in a memory location? a. b. c. d.

int a; number = 12; y = y + 2; width = length; ANS: a. int a;

2.5 Q2: Which of the following statements could potentially change the value of number2? a. b. c. d.

std::cin >> number2; sum = number1 + number2; number1 = number2; std::cout << number2; ANS: a. std::cin >> number2;

Section 2.6 Arithmetic

2.6 Q1: What is the value of result after the following C++ statements execute? int a, b, c, d, result; a = 4; b = 12; c = 37; d = 51; result = d % a * c + a % b + a;

a. b. c. d.

119 51 127 59

ANS: a. 119.

2.6 Q2: In what order would the following operators be evaluated -, *, /, +, %

Assume that if two operations have the same precedence, the one listed first will be evaluated first.

a. b. c. d.

+, -, /, *, % -, +, %, *, / -, *, %, +, / *, /, %, -, + ANS: d. *, /, %, -, +

2.6 Q3: Which of the following is not an arithmetic operator? a. b. c. d.

+ = %

ANS: c. = Section 2.7 Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators

2.7 Q1: What will be the output after the following C++ statements have been executed?

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int a, b, c, d; a = 4; b = 12; c = 37; d = 51;

if ( a < b ) cout << "a < b" << endl; if ( a > b ) cout << "a > b" << endl; if ( d <= c ) cout << "d <= c" << endl; if ( c != d ) cout << "c != d" << endl; a. b. c. d.

a < b c != d a < b d <= c c != d a > b c != d a < b c < d a != b

ANS: a. a < b c != d

2.7 Q2: Which of the following is a compilation error? a. Neglecting to declare a local variable in a function before it is used. b. Using a triple equals sign instead of a double equals sign in the condition of an if statement. c. Omitting the left and right parentheses for the condition of an if statement. d. All of the above.

ANS: d. All of the above.

2.7 Q3: Each of the following is a relational or equality operator except: a. b. c. d.

<= =! == >

ANS: b. =!

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Chapter 3: Introduction to Classes and Objects

Section 3.2 Defining a Class with a Member Function 3.2 Q1: C++ functions other than main are executed: a. Before main executes. b. After main completes execution. c. When they are explicitly called by another function. d. Never.

ANS c. When they are explicitly called by another function.

3.2 Q2: Function headers contain all of the following except: a. Parentheses. b. Left brace. c. Name of function. d. Return type.

ANS: b. Left brace.

3.2 Q3: Calling a member function of an object requires which item? a. The dot operator. b. Open and close braces. c. The class name. d. None of the above.

ANS a. The dot operator.

3.2 Q4: In the UML, the top compartment of the rectangle modeling a class contains: a. The class’s name. b. The class’s attributes. c. The class’s behaviors. d. All of the above.

ANS: a. The class’s name.

Section 3.3 Defining a Member Function with a Parameter 3.3 Q1: What is the name of the values the method call passes to the method for the parameters? a. Arguments. b. References. c. Objects. d. Values.

ANS: a. Arguments.

3.3 Q2: Assuming that text is a variable of type string, what will be the contents of text after the statement cin >> text; is executed if the user types “Hello World!” then presses Enter? a. "H" b. "Hello" c. "Hello World" d. "Hello World!"

ANS: b. Hello 3.3 Q3: Two adjacent parameters are separated by what symbol? a. Dot. b. Comma. c. Parentheses. d. Braces.

ANS: b. Comma.

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Section 3.4 Data Members, set Functions and get Functions 3.4 Q1: Attributes of a class are also known as: a. Constructors. b. Local variables. c. Data members. d. Classes.

ANS: c. Data members.

3.4 Q2: What is the default initial value of a String? a. "" b. "default" c. default d. None of the above.

ANS: a. "" 3.4 Q3: What type of member functions allow a client of a class to assign values to private data members? a. Client member functions. b. Get member functions. c. Set member functions. d. None of the above.

ANS: c. Set member functions.

Section 3.5 Initializing Objects with Constructors 3.5 Q1: A default constructor has how many parameters? a. 0. b. 1. c. 2. d. Variable number.

ANS: a. 0.

3.5 Q2: A constructor can specify the return type: a. int. b. string. c. void. d. A constructor cannot specify a return type.

ANS: d. A constructor cannot specify a return type.

3.5 Q3: The compiler will implicitly create a default constructor if: a. The class does not contain any data members. b. The programmer specifically requests that the compiler do so. c. The class does not define any constructors. d. The class already defines a default constructor.

ANS: c. The class does not define any constructors.

Section 3.6 Placing a Class in a Separate File for Reusability 3.6 Q1: A header file is typically given the filename extension: a. .h b. .hdr c. .header d. .cpp ANS: a. .h 3.6 Q2: Assuming that GradeBook.h is found in the current directory and the iostream header file is found in the C++ Standard Library header file directory, which of the following preprocessor directives will fail to find its desired header file? a. #include <iostream> ..

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b. #include "iostream" c. #include <GradeBook.h> d. #include "GradeBook.h" ANS: c. #include <GradeBook.h> Section 3.7 Separating Interface from Implementation 3.7 Q1: In the source-code file containing a class’s member function definitions, each member function definition must be tied to the class definition by preceding the member function name with the class name and ::, which is known as the: a. Member definition linker. b. Class implementation connector. c. Source code resolver. d. Binary scope resolution operator.

ANS: d. Binary scope resolution operator.

3.7 Q2: When compiling a class’s source code file (which does not contain a main function), the information in the class’s header file is used for all of the following, except: a. Ensuring that the header of each member function matches its prototype. b. Ensuring that each member function knows about the class’s data members and other member functions. c. Determining the correct amount of memory to allocate for each object of the class. d. All of the above are uses that the compiler has for the header file information.

ANS: d. All of the above are uses that the compiler has for the header file information.

3.7 Q3: When a client code programmer uses a class whose implementation is in a separate file from its interface, that implementation code is merged with the client’s code during the: a. Programming phase. b. Compiling phase. c. Linking phase. d. Executing phase.

ANS: c. Linking phase.

Section 3.8 Validating Data with set Functions 3.8 Q1: To execute multiple statements when an if statement’s condition is true, enclose those statements in a pair of: a. Parentheses, ( ). b. Square Brackets, [ ]. c. Braces, { }. d. Angle brackets, < >.

ANS: c. Braces, { }.

3.844 Q2: Assuming that the string object text contains the string "Hello!!! ", the "expression text.substr( 2 , 5 ) would return a string object containing the string: a. "llo!! ". b. "llo! ". c. "ello! ". d. "ello".

ANS: a. "llo!! ".

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Chapter 4: Control Statements, Part 1

Section 4.2 Algorithms 4.2 Q1: Specifying the order in which statements are to be executed in a computer program is called: a. An algorithm. b. Transfer of control. c. Program control. d. Pseudocode.

ANS c. Program control.

Section 4.3 Pseudocode 4.3 Q1: Which of the following is true of pseudocode? a. It is executed by the computer. b. It helps the programmer “think out” a program. c. It includes declarations and all types of statements. d. All of the above are false.

ANS b. It helps the programmer “think out” a program.

4.3 Q2: Pseudocode does not include: a. Declarations. b. Input/output. c. Algorithms. d. Control structures.

ANS: a. Declarations.

Section 4.4 Control Structures 4.4 Q1: Which of the following encompasses the other three? a. Sequence structure. b. Repetition structure. c. Control structure. d. Selection structure.

ANS c. Control structure.

Sequence Structure in C++ 4.4 Q2: In an activity diagram for an algorithm, what does a solid circle surrounded by a hollow circle represent? a. Initial state. b. Final state. c. Action state. d. Transition.

ANS: b. Final state.

Selection Statements in C++ 4.4 Q3: Which of the following is a double-selection statement? a. if. b. if…else. c. do…while. d. switch.

ANS: b. if…else.

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Repetition Statements in C++ 4.4 Q4: Which of the following is a repetition structure? a. if. b. if…else. c. do…while. d. switch.

ANS: c. do…while.

Section 4.5 if Selection Statement 4.5 Q1: If grade has the value of 60, what will the following code display? if ( grade >= 60 ) cout << "Passed";

a. nothing. b. 60 c. Passed d. cout << "Passed"; ANS: c. Passed.

4.5 Q2: The data type bool: a. Can take on values true and false. b. Can take on any expression as a value. c. Can take on values -1, 0 or 1. d. Can only be used in a selection statement.

ANS: a. Can take on values true and false.

Section 4.6 if…else Double-Selection Statement Conditional Operator (?:) 4.6 Q1: The conditional operator (?:): a. Is the only ternary operator in C++. b. Is a unary operator. c. Associates from left to right. d. Accepts two operands.

ANS: a. Is the only ternary operator in C++.

4.6 Q2: Which of the following does not perform the following task: display correct if answer is equal to 7 and incorrect if answer is not equal to 7? a. if ( answer == 7 ) cout << "correct"; else cout << "incorrect"; b. cout << answer == 7 ? "correct" : "incorrect"; c. cout << ( answer == 7 ? "correct" : "incorrect" ); d. answer == 7 ? cout << "correct" : cout << "incorrect"; ANS: b. cout << answer == 7 ? "correct" : "incorrect";

Blocks 4.6 Q3: A block: a. Must contain exactly three statements. b. Cannot contain declarations. c. Is a compound statement. d. Is represented by placing a semicolon (;) where a statement would normally be.

ANS: c. Is a compound statement.

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Section 4.7 while Repetition Statement 4.7 Q1: What is wrong with the following while loop? while ( sum <= 1000 ) sum = sum – 30; a. b. c. d.

The parentheses should be braces.

Braces are required around sum = sum – 30;.

There should be a semicolon after while ( sum <= 1000 ). sum = sum – 30 should be sum = sum + 30 or else the loop may never end.

ANS: d. sum = sum – 30 should be sum = sum + 30 or else the loop may never end.

4.7 Q2: How many times will the following loop print hello? i = 1; while ( i <= 10 ) cout << "hello";

a. 0. b. 9. c. 10. d. An infinite number of times.

ANS: d. An infinite number of times.

Section 4.8 Formulating Algorithms: Counter-Controlled Repetition 4.8 Q1: An uninitialized local variable contains: a.

The value last stored in the memory location reserved for that variable . b. No value. c.

A value of zero. d. A randomly assigned value.

ANS: a. The value last stored in the memory location reserved for that variable.

4.8 Q2: Using a while loop’s counter-control variable in a calculation after the loop ends often causes a common logic error called: a. A fatal logic error. b. A counter exception. c. A syntax error. d. An off-by-one error.

ANS: d. An off-by-one error.

Section 4.9 Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition 4.9 Q1: In indefinite repetition, an input value: a.

Should always be evaluated before being processed . b. Should always be processed directly after it is entered . c.

Should never be modified. d. Can be entered, processed, and evaluated in any order .

ANS: a. Should always be evaluated before being processed.

4.9 Q2: What is the final value of x after performing the following operations? int x = 21; double y = 6; double z = 14; y = x / z; x = 5.5 * y; a. b. c.

8.25.

5.5.

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8.

ANS: a. 8.25.

4.9 Q3: Which operation does not take place in the following example? int x = 21; double y = 6; double z = 14; y = x / z; x = 5.5 * y;

Implicit conversion.

Promotion.

Explicit conversion.

Truncation.

ANS: a. Explicit conversion. a. b. c. d.

Section 4.10 Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements 4.10 Q1: Having a loop within a loop is known as: a. b. c. d.

Recursion.

Doubling up.

Nesting.

Stacking.

ANS: c. Nesting.

4.10 Q2: To handle situations where a loop must reinitialize a variable at the beginning of each iteration, such reinitialization could be performed by: a. b. c. d.

An assignment statement before the loop body.

A declaration inside the loop body.

An assignment statement after the loop body.

A declaration after the loop body.

ANS: b. A declaration inside the loop body.

Section 4.11 Assignment Operators 4.11 Q1: If x initially contains the value 3, which of the following sets x to 7? x ++ 4; x += 4; x =+ 4; x + 4 = x; ANS: b. x += 4; a. b. c. d.

4.11 Q2: Assuming that x and y are equal to 3 and 2, respectively, after the statement x -= y executes, the values of x and y will be: x: 5; y: 3 x: 3; y: -1 x: 3; y: 5 x: 1; y: 2 ANS: d. x: 1; y: 2. a. b. c. d.

Section 4.12 Increment and Decrement Operators 4.12 Q1: Which of the following will not increment c by 1? c + 1; c++; ++c; c += 1; ANS: a. c + 1; a. b. c. d.

4.12 Q2: Assuming that x is equal to 4, which of the following statements will not result in y containing the value 5 after execution? ..

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y = 5; y = x++; y = ++x; y = x + 1 ANS: b. y = x++; a. b. c. d.

4.12 Q3: Which of the following operations has the highest precedence? a. Postincrement. b. Multiplication. c. Addition. d. Assignment.

ANS: a. Postincrement.

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Chapter 5: Control Statements, Part 2

Section 5.2 Essentials of Counter-Controlled Repetition 5.2 Q1: Which of the following does counter-controlled repetition require? a. An initial value. b. A condition that tests for the final value. c. An increment or decrement by which the control variable is modified each time through the loop. d. All of the above.

ANS d. All of the above.

5.2 Q2: Which of the following is a poor programming practice? a. Indenting the statements in the body of each control structure. b. Using floating-point values for counters in counter-controlled repetition. c. Nesting multiple repetition structures. d. Placing vertical spacing above and below control structures.

ANS b. Using floating-point values for counters in counter-controlled repetition.

Section 5.3 for Repetition Statement 5.3 Q1: If a variable is declared in the initialization expression of a for statement, then: a. It is automatically reinitialized to zero once the loop is finished. b. The scope of the variable is restricted to that for loop. c. It retains its final value after the loop is finished. d. It can not be used in any structures that are nested in that for structure.

ANS b. The scope of the variable is restricted to that particular for loop.

5.3 Q2: Which of the following is false? a. The three expressions in the for structure are optional. b. The initialization and increment expressions can be comma-separated lists. c. You must declare the control variable outside of the for loop. d. A for loop can always be used to replace a while loop, and vice versa.

ANS c. You must declare the control variable outside of the for loop.

5.3 Q3: Consider the execution of the following for loop for (int x = 1; x < 5; increment ) cout << x + 1 << endl;

If the last value printed is 5, which of the following might have been used for increment? a. x++ b. x += 1 c. ++x d. Any of the above.

ANS d. Any of the above.

Section 5.4 Examples Using the for Statement 5.4 Q1: Which of the following for headers is not valid? a. for ( int i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) b. int i = 0; for ( ; i < 10; i++ )

c. for ( int i = 0; int j = 5; ; i++ ) d. All of the above.

ANS c. for ( int i = 0; int j = 5; ; i++ ).

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A Caution about Using Type double for Monetary Amounts 5.4 Q2: float and double variables should be used: a. To perform monetary calculations. b. As counters. c. To store true/false values. d. As approximate representations of decimal numbers.

ANS: d. As approximate representations of decimal numbers.

Using Stream Manipulators to Format Numeric Output 5.4 Q3: Which of the following is a parameterized stream manipulator used to format output? a. setw b. right c. left d. fixed ANS: a. setw

Section 5.5 do…while Repetition Statement 5.5 Q1: If a do…while structure is used: a. An infinite loop cannot take place. b. Counter-controlled repetition is not possible. c. The body of the loop will execute at least once. d. An off-by-one error cannot occur.

ANS: c. The body of the loop will execute at least once.

5.5 Q2: What will the following program segment do? int counter = 1; do { cout << counter << " "; } while ( ++counter <= 10 );

a. Print the numbers 1 through 11. b. Print the numbers 1 through 10. c. Print the numbers 1 through 9. d. Cause a syntax error.

ANS: b. Print the numbers 1 through 10.

Section 5.6 switch Multiple-Selection Statement 5.6 Q1: A switch statement should be used: a. As a single-selection structure. b. As a double-selection structure. c. As a multiple-selection structure. d. To replace all if…else statements.

ANS: c. As a multiple-selection structure.

5.6 Q2: In a switch structure: a. A break is required after each case. b. Multiple actions in a case do not need to be enclosed in braces. c. A default case is required. d. A break is required after the default case.

ANS: b. Multiple actions do not need to be enclosed in braces.

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a. b. c. d.

case1 Case1 case 1 Case 1 ANS: c. case 1

5.6 Q4: switch can be used to test: a. int constants. b. float constants. c. string constants. d. all types of constants.

ANS: a. int constants.

5.6 Q5: Which of the following data types can be used to represent integers? a. b. c. d.

char long short

All of the above.

ANS: d. All of the above.

Section 5.7 break and continue Statements 5.7 Q1: Which of the following is false? a. break and continue statements alter the flow of control. b. continue statements skip the remaining statements in current iteration of the body of the loop in which they are embedded. c. break statements exit from the loop in which they are embedded . d. continue and break statements may be embedded only within repetition statements.

ANS: d. continue and break statements may be embedded only within repetition statements.

5.7 Q2: Which of the following is false? a. The effects of break and continue statements can be achieved by structured programming techniques . b. break and continue statements can make a program perform faster than with the corresponding structured techniques. c. Many programmers feel that break and continue violate structured programming. d. You should always try to write the fastest, smallest code possible before attempting to make it simple and correct.

ANS: d. You should always try to write the fastest, smallest code possible before attempting to make it simple and correct.

Section 5.8 Logical Operators 5.8 Q1: In C++, the condition ( 4 > y > 1 ): a. Evaluates correctly and could be replaced by ( 4 > y && y > 1 ). b. Does not evaluate correctly and should be replaced by ( 4 > y && y > 1 ). c. Evaluates correctly and could not be replaced by ( 4 > y && y > 1 ). d. Does not evaluate correctly and should not be replaced by ( 4 > y && y > 1 ).

ANS: b. Does not evaluate correctly and should be replaced by ( 4 > y && y > 1 ).

5.8 Q2: The OR (||) operator: a. Has higher precedence than the AND (&&) operator. b. Stops evaluation upon finding one condition to be true. c. Associates from right to left. d. Is a ternary operator.

ANS: b. Stops evaluation upon finding one condition to be true.

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d. ?: ANS: d. ?: 5.8 Q4: The expression if ( num != 65 ) cannot be replaced by: if ( num > 65 || num < 65 ) if ( !( num == 65 ) ) if ( num – 65 ) if ( !( num – 65 ) ) ANS: d. if ( !( num – 65 ) ) a. b. c. d.

5.8 Q5: An example of a unary operator is: a. The < relational operator. b. The = assignment operator. c. The % arithmetic operator. d. The ! logical operator.

ANS: d. The ! logical operator.

Section 5.9 Confusing Equality (==) and Assignment (=) Operators 5.9 Q1: Variables are also known as: a. lvalues, but can be used as rvalues. b. lvalues, and cannot be used as rvalues. c. rvalues, and cannot be used as lvalues. d. Constant variables.

ANS: a. lvalues, but can be used as rvalues.

5.9 Q2: Consider the following code, assuming that x is an int with an initial value of 12 if( x = 6 ) cout << x;

What is the output? a. b. c. d.

6 12

Nothing.

A syntax error is produced.

ANS: a. 6 5.9 Q3: Of the following, which is not a logic error? a. Not placing curly braces around the body of an if that contains two statements. b. Using == to assign a value to a variable. c. Failing to initialize counter and total variables before the body of a loop . d. Using commas instead of the two required semicolons in a for header.

ANS: d. Using commas instead of the two required semicolons in a for header.

Section 5.10 Structured Programming Summary 5.10 Q1: The ____________, __________ and ____________ are the only three forms of control necessary. a. switch, if, else. b. sequence, selection, repetition. c. break, continue, if…else. d. for, while, do…while.

ANS: b. sequence, selection, repetition.

5.10 Q2: Which of the following is not one of the C++ control structures? if switch break do…while ANS: c. break a. b. c. d.

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5.10 Q3: Which of the following is not one the rules for forming structured programs? a. Begin with the “simplest activity diagram.” b. Any transition arrow can be reversed . c. Any action state can be replaced by two action states in sequence . d. Any action state can be replaced by any control statement .

ANS: b. Any transition arrow can be reversed.

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Chapter 6: Functions and an Introduction to Recursion

Section 6.2 Program Components in C++ 6.2 Q1: All of the following are true of functions except: a. They define specific tasks that can be used at many points in a program. b. A function call must specify the name and arguments of the function. c. The definition of a function usually is visible to other functions. d. The implementation of a function is hidden from the caller.

ANS c. The definition of a function usually is visible to other functions.

6.2 Q2: Functions can: a. Be used as building blocks to create new programs. b. Return a result to the caller function. c. Be reused any number of times. d. Do all of the above.

ANS d. Do all of the above.

Section 6.3 Math Library Functions 6.3 Q1: Which of the following expressions returns the trigonometric sine of x? a. sin( x ). b. sine( x ). c. trig_sin( x ). d. trig_sine( x ).

ANS a. sin( x ).

6.3 Q2: Which of the following is not included in <cmath>? a. pow. b. floor. c. ln. d. log.

ANS c. ln.

Section 6.4 Function Definitions with Multiple Parameters 6.4 Q1: The function prototype double mySqrt( int x );

a. Declares a function called mySqrt which takes an integer as an argument and returns a double. b. Defines a function called double which calculates square roots. c. Defines a function called mySqrt which takes an argument of type x and returns a double. d. Declares a function called mySqrt which takes a double as an argument and returns an integer.

ANS: a. Declares a function called mySqrt which takes an integer as an argument and returns a double.

6.4 Q2: Using the following function definition, the parameter list is represented by: A B ( C ) { D }

a. b. c.

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d.

D. ANS c. C. 6.4 Q3: The argument list of a function call must match, or be consistent with, the parameter list of the called function in all of the following details, except: a. The number of arguments/parameters in the list. b. The types of arguments/parameters in the list. c. The names of arguments/parameters in the list. d. The argument list and parameter list must match in all of the above details.

ANS: c. The names of arguments/parameters in the list.

Section 6.5 Function Prototypes and Argument Coercion 6.5 Q1: A function prototype does not have to: a. Include parameter names. b. Terminate with a semicolon. c. Agree with the function definition. d. Match with all calls to the function.

ANS: a. Include parameter names.

6.5 Q2: A function prototype can always be omitted when: a. A function is defined before it is first invoked. b. A function is invoked before it is first defined. c. A function takes no arguments. d. A function does not return a value.

ANS: a. A function is defined before it is first invoked.

6.5 Q3: Converting from type ________ to type ________ will result in the loss of data. a. bool, char. b. float, double. c. int, char. d. short, long.

ANS: c. int, char.

Section 6.6 C++ Standard Library Headers 6.6 Q1: Each standard library has a corresponding: a. Function. b. Variable type. c. Header. d. CD-ROM. ANS: c. Header.

6.6 Q2: Which of the following C++ Standard Library headers does not contain a C++ Standard Library container class? a. <vector>. b. <list>. c. <stack>. d. <string>.

ANS: d. <string>.

Section 6.7 Case Study: Random Number Generation 6.7 Q1: The rand function generates a data value of the type: a. b. c.

unsigned int. int. long int.

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d.

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short int.

ANS: a. unsigned int.

6.7 Q2: A variable that can have values only in the range 0 to 65535 is a: a. Four-byte int. b. Four-byte unsigned int. c. Two-byte int. d. Two-byte unsigned int.

ANS: d. Two-byte unsigned int.

6.7 Q3: In the expression n = x + rand() % y; a. y is the shifting value. b. x is the scaling value. c. y is the scaling value. d. Both (a) and (b).

ANS: c. y is the scaling value.

6.7 Q4: srand: a. Should be called before each call to rand. b. Should be used instead of rand to generate truly random numbers. c. Is unnecessary in C++. d. Can use the time function’s return value as an optimal seed value.

ANS: d. Can use the time function’s return value as an optimal seed value.

Section 6.8 Case Study: Game of Chance; Introducing enum 6.8 Q1: Enumeration constants: a. Must have unique integer values. b. Can be assigned other values once they’ve been defined. c. Must have unique identifiers. d. Are declared using the keyword const.

ANS: c. Must have unique identifiers.

6.8 Q2: Which of the following is not a valid enumeration statement? a. Enum person { me, you, them };. b. Enum person { me = 1, you = 2, them = 3 };. c. Enum person { me = 0, you = 0, them = 0 };. d. Enum person { me, you, me };.

ANS: d. Enum person { me, you, me };.

Section 6.9 Storage Classes 6.9 Q1: An identifier’s storage class: a. Determines whether an identifier is known only in the current source file or in any source file with proper declarations. b. Determines the period during which that identifier exists in memory . c. Determines where the identifier can be referenced in a program . d. All of the above.

ANS: b. Determines the period during which that identifier exists in memory.

6.9 Q2: In C++0x, Depending on the circumstances, the compiler may ignore the storage class specifier: a. b. c. d.

auto. register. static. extern.

ANS: b. register.

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6.9 Q3: Which of the following is not true of static local variables? a. They are accessible outside of the function in which they are defined . b. They retain their values when the function in which they are defined terminates . c. They are initialized to zero if not explicitly initialized by the programmer . d. They can be of type int.

ANS: a. They are accessible outside of the function in which they are defined.

Section 6.10 Scope Rules 6.10 Q1: Labels are the only identifiers with: a. Function scope. b. File scope. c. Block scope. d. Function-prototype scope.

ANS: a. Function scope.

6.10 Q2: What happens when two blocks, one nested inside of the other, both declare variables with the same identifier? (Assume that the outer block declares its variable before the opening left-brace of the inner block.) a. A syntax error occurs. b. The “outer” variable is hidden while the “inner” variable is in scope . c. The “outer” variable is irretrievably lost when the “inner” variable is declared . d. The “inner” declaration is ignored and the “outer” variable has scope even inside the inner block .

ANS: b. The “outer” variable is hidden while the “inner” variable is in scope .

Section 6.11 Function Call Stack and Activation Records 6.11 Q1: An activation record will be popped off the function call stack whenever: a.

A function returns control to its caller. b.

A function calls another function. c. A function calls itself. d.

A function declares a local variable.

ANS: a. A function returns control to its caller.

6.11 Q2: Which of the following is not included in a function’s activation record? a. The return address of its caller function . b. Parameter values received from its caller. c. Local variables it has declared. d. The name of the function.

ANS: d. The name of the function.

Section 6.12 Functions with Empty Parameter Lists 6.12 Q1: Which of the following is false about the following function prototype? void functionA( void );

a. b.

It does not receive any arguments.

It could have been written void functionA( );. c. It does not return a value. d.

It could have been written functionA( void );.

ANS: d. It could have been written functionA( void );.

Section 6.13 Inline Functions 6.13 Q1: The inline keyword: a.

Increases function-call overhead. b.

Can reduce a function’s execution time but increase program size. c. Can decrease program size but increase the function’s execution time. d.

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ANS: b. Can reduce a function’s execution time but increase program size.

Section 6.14 References and Reference Parameters 6.14 Q1: When an argument is passed-by-value, changes in the called function __________ affect the original variable’s value; when an argument is passed call-by-reference, changes in the called function __________ affect the original variable’s value. a.

Do not, do. b.

Do not, do not. c. Do, do. d.

Do, do not.

ANS: a. Do not, do.

6.14 Q2: A reference parameter: a.

Is an alias for its corresponding argument. b.

Is declared by following the parameter’s type in the function prototype by an ampersand ( &). c. Cannot be modified. d.

Both (a) and (b).

ANS: d. Both (a) and (b).

6.14 Q3: Call-by-reference can achieve the security of call-by-value when: a.

The value being passed is small. b.

A large argument is passed in order to improve performance. c. A pointer to the argument is used. d.

The const qualifier is used.

ANS: d. The const qualifier is used.

Section 6.15 Default Arguments 6.15 Q1: In regards to default arguments, which of the following is false? a. When an argument is omitted in a function call, the default value of that argument is automatically inserted by the compiler and passed in the function call. b. They must be the rightmost (trailing) arguments in a function’s parameter list. c. Default values can be constants. d. Default values cannot be global variables or function calls.

ANS: d. Default values cannot be global variables or function calls.

6.15 Q2: If the function int volume( int x = 1, int y = 1, int z = 1 ); is called by the expression volume( 3 ), how many default arguments are used? a.

None. b.

One. c. Two. d.

Three.

ANS: c. Two. Section 6.16 Unary Scope Resolution Operator 6.16 Q1: The unary scope resolution operator is used: a.

To access a global variable when a local variable of the same name is in scope. b.

To access any variable in an outer block when a local variable of the same name is in scope. c. To access a global variable when it is out of scope. d.

To access a local variable with the same name as a global variable.

ANS: a. To access a global variable when a local variable of the same name is in scope.

Section 6.17 Function Overloading 6.17 Q1: Which of the following does the C++ compiler not examine in order to select the proper overloaded function to call? ..

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a. b.

Types and order of the arguments in the function call.

The number of arguments in the function call. c. The return type of the function. d.

It examines all of the above.

ANS: c. The return type of the function.

6.17 Q2: Overloaded functions must have: a.

Different parameter lists. b.

Different return types. c. The same number of parameters. d.

The same number of default arguments.

ANS: a. Different parameter lists.

6.17 Q3: Type-safe linkage is ensured by: a.

Name mangling. b.

Calling the correct function. c. The agreement of the arguments and parameters. d.

Specifying return types.

ANS: a. Name mangling.

Section 6.18 Function Templates 6.18 Q1: If a set of functions have the same program logic and operations and differ only in the data type(s) each receives as argument(s) then a(n) __________ should be used. a.

Overloaded function. b.

Recursive function. c. Macro. d.

Function template.

ANS: d. Function template.

6.18 Q2: Which of the following is true of function templates? a.

All function templates begin with the keyword class. b.

Every formal type parameter is preceded by either keyword typename or template. c. Formal type parameters act as placeholders for built-in types or user-defined types and are used to specify the types of arguments to the function, to specify the return type of the function, and to declare variables within the body of the function definition. d.

A programmer must define a separate function template for each template function specialization to be used in the program.

ANS: c. Formal type parameters act as placeholders for built-in types or user-defined types and are used to specify the types of arguments to the function, to specify the return type of the function, and to declare variables within the body of the function definition.

6.18 Q3: Given the following function template template < class T > T maximum( T value1, T value2 ) { if ( value1 > value2 ) return value1; else return value2; }

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5 and a type-mismatch error.

5 and 5.2.

2 and 2.3.

d.

Two error messages.

ANS: b. 5 and 5.2.

Section 6.19 Recursion 6.19 Q1: A recursive function is a function that: a.

Returns a double. b.

Takes 3 arguments. c. Calls itself, directly or indirectly. d.

Is inside of another function.

ANS: c. Calls itself, directly or indirectly.

6.19 Q2: What value does function mystery return when called with a value of 4? int mystery ( int number ) { if ( number <= 1 ) return 1; else return number * mystery( number – 1 ); } 0.

1. c. 4. d.

24.

ANS: d. 24.

a. b.

6.19 Q3: Recursion is memory-intensive because: a.

Recursive functions tend to declare many local variables. b.

Previous function calls are still open when the function calls itself and the activation records of these previous calls still occupy space on the call stack. c. Many copies of the function code are created. d.

It requires large data values.

ANS: b. Previous function calls are still open when the function calls itself and the activation records of these previous calls still occupy space on the call stack.

Section 6.20 Example Using Recursion: Fibonacci Series 6.20 Q1: Assuming the following pseudocode for the Fibonacci series, what is the value of the 5 th Fibonacci number (fibonacci ( 5 ))? fibonacci( 0 ) = 0 fibonacci( 1 ) = 1 fibonacci( n ) = fibonacci( n – 1 ) + fibonacci( n – 2 ) a. b.

1.

3. c. 5. d.

7.

ANS: c. 5.

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&&. ,. ?:.

d.

ANS: a. +.

Section 6.21 Recursion vs. Iteration 6.21 Q1: Recursion is to the base case as iteration is to what: a. The counter. b.

A repetition structure. c. Failure of the loop continuation test. d.

A selection structure.

ANS: c. Failure of the loop continuation test.

6.21 Q2: All of the following are reasons to use recursion except: a.

An iterative solution is not apparent. b.

The resulting program is easier to debug. c. It more naturally mirrors the problem. d.

It maximizes execution performance.

ANS: d. It maximizes execution performance.

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Chapter 7: Arrays and Vectors

Section 7.2 Arrays 7.2 Q1: An array is not: a. A consecutive group of memory locations. b. Subscripted by integers. c. Declared using braces, []. d. Made up of different data types.

ANS d. Made up of different data types.

7.2 Q2: Which of the following is false? a. The last element of an array has position number one less than the array size. b. The position number contained within square brackets is called a subscript. c. A subscript cannot be an expression. d. All of the above.

ANS c. A subscript cannot be an expression.

Section 7.3 Declaring Arrays 7.3 Q1: Which statement would be used to declare a 10-element integer array c? a. array c = int[ 10 ]; b. c = int[ 10 ]; c. int array c[ 10 ]; d. int c[ 10 ]; ANS d. int c[ 10 ];

Section 7.4 Examples Using Arrays 7.4 Q1: Which of the following is not a correct way to initialize an array? a. int n[ 5 ] = { 0, 7, 0, 3, 8, 2 }; b. int n[] = { 0, 7, 0, 3, 8, 2 }; c. int n[ 5 ] = { 7 }; d. int n[ 5 ] = { 9, 1, 9 }; ANS: a. int n[ 5 ] = { 0, 7, 0, 3, 8, 2 }; 7.4 Q2: Constant variables: a. Can be assigned values in executable statements. b. Do not have to be initialized when they are declared. c. Can be used to specify array sizes, thereby making programs more scalable. d. Can be used to specify array sizes, but this makes programs harder to understand.

ANS c. Can be used to specify array sizes, thereby making programs more scalable.

7.4 Q3: Referencing elements outside the array bounds: a. Can result in changes to the value of an unrelated variable. b. Is impossible because C++ checks to make sure it does not happen. c. Is a syntax error. d. Enlarges the size of the array.

ANS: a. Can result in changes to the value of an unrelated variable.

Section 7.5 Passing Arrays to Functions 7.5 Q1: Unless otherwise specified, entire arrays are passed __________ and individual array elements are passed __________. a. By value, by reference. ..

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b. By reference, by value. c. By value, by value. d. By reference, by reference.

ANS: b. By reference, by value.

7.5 Q2: Which of the following is false about a function to which an array is being passed? a. It always knows the size of the array that is being passed. b. It is being passed the address of the first element in the array. c. It is able to modify the values stored in the array. d. The array name is used as an argument in the function call.

ANS: a. It always knows the size of the array that is being passed.

7.5 Q3: To prevent modification of array values passed to a function: a. The array must be declared static in the function. b. The array parameter can be preceded by the const qualifier. c. A copy of the array must be made inside the function. d. The array must be passed by reference.

ANS: b. The array parameter can be preceded by the const qualifier.

Section 7.6 GradeBook Case Study: Using an Array to Store Grades 7.6 Q1: In order to calculate the __________ of an array of values, the array values must be summed. a. Average. b. Minimum. c. Maximum. d. Distribution.

ANS: a. Average.

Section 7.7 Searching Arrays with Linear Search 7.7 Q1: Linear search can be used on: a.

Unsorted arrays. b. Sorted arrays. c.

Integer arrays. d. Any of the above.

ANS: d. Any of the above.

7.7 Q2: Linear search is highly inefficient compared to binary search when dealing with: a.

Small, unsorted arrays. b. Small, sorted arrays. c.

Large, unsorted arrays. d. Large, sorted arrays.

ANS: d. Large, sorted arrays.

Section 7.8 Sorting Arrays with Insertion Sort 7.8 Q1: Which statement about insertion sort is true? a.

A maximum of n comparisons are needed to sort the array, where n is the number of elements. b. The algorithm is simple compared to other sorting procedures. c.

No temporary variables are needed. d. Performance is maximized.

ANS: b. The algorithm is simple compared to other sorting procedures.

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c. The first i elements of the array are sorted. d. The last i elements of the array are sorted.

ANS: c. The first i elements of the array are sorted.

Section 7.9 Multidimensional Arrays 7.9 Q1: A double subscripted array declared as int a[ 3 ][ 5 ]; has how many elements?

15 13 10 8 ANS: a. 15 a. b. c. d.

7.9 Q2: Given the following declaration, what is the value of b[ 1 ][ 0 ]? int b[ 2 ][ 2 ] = { { 1 }, { 3 , 4 } }; a. b. c. d.

0 1 3

This is not a valid declaration.

ANS: c. 3 7.9 Q3: Which of the following does not declare a 2-by-2 array and set all four of its elements to 0? int b [ 2 ][ 2 ]; b[ 0 ][ 0 ] = b[ 0 ][ 1 ] = b[ 1 ][ 0] = b[ 1 ][ 1 ] = 0; b. int b[ 2 ][ 2 ] = { 0 }; c. int b[ 2 ][ 2 ]; for ( int i = 0; i < 2; i++ ) for ( int j = 0; j < 2; j++ ) b[ i ][ j ] = 0; d. All of the above initialize all four of the array elements to 0.

ANS: d. All of the above initialize all four of the array elements to 0. a.

Section 7.10 GradeBook Case Study: Using a Two-Dimensional Array 7.10 Q1: In a typical nested for-loop used to process a two-dimensional array, following the end of the each execution of the inner for loop: a.

The outer for loop initializes its counter variable. b. The outer for loop increments its counter variable. c.

The inner for loop initializes its counter variable. d. The inner for loop increments its counter variable.

ANS: b. The outer for loop increments its counter variable.

Section 7.11 Introduction to C++ Standard Library Class Template vector 7.11 Q1: Which of the following is not true of class template vector? a. The size of a vector can be changed after it is declared. b. A vector can be assigned to another vector by using the assignment operator. c.

A vector object can be initialized with a copy of another vector by invoking the copy constructor. d. A vector can store only data of type int.

ANS: d. A vector can store only data of type int.

7.11 Q2: Using square brackets ([]) to retrieve vector elements __________ perform bounds checking; using member function at to retrieve vector elements __________ perform bounds checking. a.

Does not, does not. b. Does not, does. c.

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d. Does, does.

ANS: b. Does not, does.

7.11 Q3: When using exception handling, place any code that might throw an exception in a __________. a. catch block b. try statement. c. throw block. d. what statement.

ANS: b. try statement.

7.11 Q4: Which statement about exception handling is false? a. Call the exception object's what member function to get the error message that's stored in the exception object. b. Bounds checking is performed at execution time with vector member function at, and if a subscript is within the bounds of the array, the member function throws an out_of_bounds exception. c. The catch block contains the code that handles an exception if one occurs. d. None of the above statements in false.

ANS: b. Bounds checking is performed at execution time with vector member function at, and if a subscript is not within the bounds of the array, the member function throws an out_of_bounds exception. [It's actually an out_of_range exception.]

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Chapter 8: Pointers and Pointer-Based Strings

Section 8.2 Pointer Variable Declarations and Initialization 8.2 Q1: Pointers cannot be used to: a. Contain memory addresses. b. Reference values directly. c. Pass an argument by reference. d. Manipulate dynamic data structures.

ANS: b. Reference values directly.

8.2 Q2: Pointers may be assigned which of the following values? a. Any integer values. b. An address. c. NULL. d. Both (b) and (c).

ANS d. Both (b) and (c).

8.2 Q3: What does the following statement declare?

int *countPtr, count; a. Two int variables. b. One pointer to an int and one int variable. c. Two pointers to ints.

d. The declaration is invalid.

ANS: b. One pointer to an int and one int variable.

8.2 Q4: Which of the following statements about pointer initialization and values is false? a. (Prior to the new standard) Pointers should be initialized to 0, NULL or an address of the corresponding type either when they’re declared or in an assignment. b. When 0 is assigned to a pointer, it’s converted to a pointer of the appropriate type. c. The value 0 is the only integer value that can be assigned directly to a pointer variable without first casting the integer to a pointer type. d. In the new standard, you should use the constant null_ptr to initialize a pointer instead of 0 or NULL. ANS: d. In the new standard, you should use the constant null_ptr to initialize a pointer instead of 0 or NULL. [The constant is actually nullptr (without the underscore).]

Section 8.3 Pointer Operators 8.3 Q1: The & operator can be applied to: a. constants. b. string literals. c. lvalues. d. rvalues.

ANS c. lvalues.

8.3 Q2: All of the following can cause a fatal execution-time error except: a. Dereferencing a pointer that has not been assigned to point to a specific address. b. Dereferencing a pointer that has not been initialized properly. c. Dereferencing a null pointer. d. Dereferencing a variable that is not a pointer.

ANS d. Dereferencing a variable that is not a pointer. (This is a compilation error.)

8.3 Q3: Three of the following expressions have the same value. Which of the following expressions has a value different from the others’? a. *&ptr b. &*ptr c. *ptr ..

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d. ptr ANS c. *ptr

Section 8.4 Pass-by-Reference with Pointers 8.4 Q1: Which of the following is not a valid way to pass arguments to a function in C++? a. By reference with reference arguments. b. By value. c. By reference with pointer arguments. d. By value with pointer arguments.

ANS: d. By value with pointer arguments.

8.4 Q2: When a compiler encounters a function parameter for a single-subscripted array of the form int a[], it converts the parameter to: a. int a b. int &a c. int *a d. No conversion is necessary.

ANS c. int * a

Section 8.5 Using const with Pointers 8.5 Q1: A function that modifies an array by using pointer arithmetic such as ++ptr to process every value should have a parameter that is: a. A nonconstant pointer to nonconstant data. b. A nonconstant pointer to constant data. c. A constant pointer to nonconstant data. d. A constant pointer to constant data.

ANS: a. A nonconstant pointer to nonconstant data.

8.5 Q2: A function that prints a string by using pointer arithmetic such as ++ptr to output each character should have a parameter that is: a. A nonconstant pointer to nonconstant data. b. A nonconstant pointer to constant data. c. A constant pointer to nonconstant data. d. A constant pointer to constant data.

ANS: b. A nonconstant pointer to constant data.

8.5 Q3: Which of the following best describes the array name n in the declaration int n[10];? a. n is a nonconstant pointer to nonconstant data. b. n is a nonconstant pointer to constant data. c. n is a constant pointer to nonconstant data. d. n is a constant pointer to constant data.

ANS: c. n is a constant pointer to nonconstant data.

8.5 Q4: What method should be used to pass an array to a function that does not modify the array and only looks at it using array subscript notation: a. A nonconstant pointer to nonconstant data. b. A nonconstant pointer to constant data. c. A constant pointer to nonconstant data. d. A constant pointer to constant data.

ANS: d. A constant pointer to constant data.

Section 8.6 Selection Sort Using Pass-by-Reference 8.6 Q1: After the ith iteration of the selection sort: ..

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a. The smallest i items of the array will be sorted into decreasing order in the first i elements of the array. b. The largest i items of the array will be sorted into decreasing order in the last i elements of the array. c. The smallest i items of the array will be sorted into increasing order in the first i elements of the array. d. None of the above.

ANS: c. The smallest i items of the array will be sorted into increasing order in the first i elements of the array.

8.6 Q2: To follow the principle of least privilege, the selectionSort function should receive the array to be sorted as: a. A nonconstant pointer to nonconstant data. b. A nonconstant pointer to constant data. c. A constant pointer to nonconstant data. d. A constant pointer to constant data.

ANS: c. A constant pointer to nonconstant data.

Section 8.7 sizeof Operators 8.7 Q1: sizeof: a.

Is a binary operator. b. Returns the total number of elements in an array . c.

Usually returns a double. d. Returns the total number of bytes in a variable.

ANS: d. Returns the total number of bytes in a variable.

8.7 Q2: Which of the following gives the number of elements in the array int r[ 10 ]? sizeof r sizeof ( *r ) sizeof r / sizeof ( int ) sizeof ( *r ) / sizeof ( int ) ANS: c sizeof r / sizeof ( int ) a. b. c. d.

Section 8.8 Pointer Expressions and Pointer Arithmetic 8.8 Q1: Which of the following can have a pointer as an operand? ++ *= % / ANS: a. ++ a. b. c. d.

8.8 Q2: Given that k is an integer array starting at location 2000, kPtr is a pointer to k and each integer is stored in 4 bytes of memory, what location does kPtr + 3 point to? a. 2003 b. 2006 c. 2012 d. 2024 ANS: c. 2012 8.8 Q3: A pointer can not be assigned to: a.

Another pointer of the same type without using the cast operator . b. A pointer to void without using the cast operator. c.

A pointer of a type other than its own type and void without using the cast operator. d. Any other pointer by using the cast operator .

ANS: c. A pointer of a type other than its own type and void without using the cast operator.

8.8 Q4: Comparing pointers and performing pointer arithmetic on them is meaningless unless: a. They point to elements of the same array. b. You are trying to compare and perform pointer arithmetic on the values to which they point. c. They point to arrays of equal size. ..

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d. They point to arrays of the same type.

ANS: a. They point to elements of the same array.

Section 8.9 Relationship Between Pointers and Arrays 8.9 Q1: Assuming that t is an array and tPtr is a pointer to that array, which expression refers to the address of element 3 of the array? *( tPtr + 3 ) tPtr[ 3 ] &t[ 3 ] *( t + 3 ) ANS: c. &t[ 3 ] a. b. c. d.

8.9 Q2: Consider the following function: void reverse( char *string1, const char *string2 ) { int stringsize = sizeof( string1 )/sizeof( char ); *( string1 + stringsize –1 ) = '\0'; string1 = string1 + stringsize – 2; for ( ; *string2 != '\0'; string1--, string2++ ) *string1 = *string2; }

What method does the function use to refer to array elements? a.

Array subscript notation. b. Pointer/offset notation where the pointer is actually the name of the array . c.

Pointer subscript notation. d. Pointer/offset notation.

ANS: d. Pointer/offset notation.

Section 8.10 Pointer-Based String Processing 8.10.1 Q1: Which of the following is false for pointer-based strings? a. A string may include letters, digits and various special characters (i.e., +, -, * ). b. A string in C++ is an array of characters ending in the null character ( '\0'). c.

String literals are written inside of single quotes. d. A string may be assigned in a declaration to either a character array or a variable of type char *.

ANS: c. String literals are written inside of single quotes.

8.10.1 Q2: cin.getline( superstring, 30 ); is equivalent to which of the following? a. cin.getline( superstring, 30, '\0' ); b. cin.getline( superstring, 30, '\n' ); c.

cin.getline( superstring, 30, '\s' );

d. cin.getline( superstring, 30, '\t' ); ANS: b. cin.getline( superstring, 30, '\n' ); Section 8.11 Arrays of Pointers 8.11 Q1: A string array: a.

Stores an actual string in each of its elements. b. Can only provide access to strings of a certain length. c.

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ANS: c. Is actually an array of pointers.

8.11 Q2: A string array is commonly used for: a.

Command-line arguments. b. Storing an extremely long string. c.

Storing multiple copies of the same string . d. Displaying floating-point numbers to the screen.

ANS: a. Command-line arguments.

Section 8.12 Function Pointers 8.12 Q1: Which of the following is not true of pointers to functions? a. They contain the starting address of the function code. b. They are dereferenced in order to call the function. c.

They can be stored in arrays. d. They can not be assigned to other function pointers.

ANS: d. They can not be assigned to other function pointers.

8.12 Q2: ( *max )( num1, num2, num3 );: a. Is the header for function max. b. Is a call to the function pointed to by max. c.

Is the prototype for function max. d. Is a declaration of a pointer to a function called max.

ANS: b. Is a call to the function pointed to by max.

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Chapter 9: Classes: A Deeper Look, Part 1

Section 9.2 Time Class Case Study 9.2 Q1: Member access specifiers (public and private) can appear: a. In any order and multiple times. b. In any order (public first or private first) but not multiple times. c. In any order and multiple times, if they have brackets separating each type. d. Outside a class definition.

ANS: a. In any order and multiple times.

9.2 Q2: Which of the following preprocessor directives does not constitute part of the preprocessor wrapper? a. #define b. #endif c. #ifndef d. #include ANS: d. #include 9.2 Q3: Member function definitions: a. Always require the binary scope operator (::). b. Require the binary scope operator only when being defined outside of the definition of their class. c. Can use the binary scope operator anywhere, but become public functions. d. Must use the binary scope operator in their function prototype.

ANS: b. Require the binary scope operator only when being defined outside of the definition of their class.

9.2 Q4: Parameterized stream manipulator setfill specifies the fill character that is displayed when an output is displayed in a field wider than the number of characters or digits in the output. The effect of setfill applies: a. Only to the current value being displayed. b. Only to outputs displayed in the current statement. c. Until explicitly set to a different setting. d. Until the output buffer is flushed.

ANS: c. Until explicitly set to a different setting.

9.2 Q5: Every object of the same class: a. Gets a copy of every member function and member variable. b. Gets a copy of every member variable. c. Gets a copy of every member function. d. Shares pointers to all member variables and member functions.

ANS: b. Gets a copy of every member variable.

9.2 Q6: Classes cannot: a. Be derived from other classes. b. Initialize data members in the class definition. c. Be used to model attributes and behaviors of objects. d. Include objects from other classes as members.

ANS: b. Initialize data members in the class definition.

9.2 Q7: A class’s functions can throw exceptions, such as __________to indicate invalid data. a. invalid_data b. bad_data c. invalid_argument d. bad_argument ANS: c. invalid_argument Section 9.3 Class Scope and Accessing Class Members 9.3 Q1: Variables defined inside a member function of a class have: ..

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a. File scope. b. Class scope. c. Block scope. d. Class or block scope, depending on whether the binary scope resolution operator ( ::) is used.

ANS: c. Block scope.

9.3 Q2: A class-scope variable hidden by a block-scope variable can be accessed by preceding the variable name with the class name followed by: a. :: b. : c. . d. -> ANS: a. ::

Section 9.4 Separating Interface from Implementation 9.4 Q1: When independent software vendors provide class libraries to clients, they typically give the __________ for the class’s interface and the __________ for the class’s implementation. a. Source code file, source code file. b. Source code file, object file. c. Object file, source code file. d. Object file, object file.

ANS: b. Source code file, object module file.

9.4 Q2: Which of the following is not true about separating a class’s interface and implementation? a. Inline member function definitions are included in the header file. b. Changes in the class’s interface will affect the client. c. Private data members are included in the header file. d. Changes in the class’s implementation will affect the client.

ANS: d. Changes in the class’s implementation will affect the client.

Section 9.5 Access Functions and Utility Functions 9.5 Q1: The type of function a client would use to check the balance of a bank account would be: a. A utility function. b. A predicate function. c. An access function. d. A constructor.

ANS: c. an access function.

9.5 Q2: Utility functions: a. Are private member functions that support operations of the class’s other member functions. b. Are part of a class’s interface. c. Are intended to be used by clients of a class. d. Are a type of constructor.

ANS: a. Are private member functions that support operations of the class’s other member functions.

Section 9.6 Time Class Case Study: Constructors with Default Arguments 9.6 Q1: A default constructor: a. Is a constructor that must receive no arguments. b. Is the constructor generated by the compiler when no constructor is provided by the programmer. c. Does not perform any initialization. d. Both (a) and (b).

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9.6 Q2: If a member function of a class already provides all or part of the functionality required by a constructor or another member function then: a. Copy and paste that member function’s code into this constructor or member function. b. Call that member function from this constructor or member function. c. That member function is unnecessary. d. This constructor or member function is unnecessary.

ANS: b. Call that member function from this constructor or member function.

Section 9.7 Destructors 9.7 Q1: Which of the following is not true of a constructor and destructor of the same class? a.

They both have the same name aside from the tilde ( ~) character. b. They are both usually called once per object created . c.

They both are able to have default arguments. d. Both are called automatically, even if they are not explicitly defined in the class .

ANS: c. They both are able to have default arguments.

9.7 Q2: Which of the following is not true of a destructor? a.

It performs termination housekeeping. b. It is called before the system reclaims the object’s memory . c.

If the programmer does not explicitly provide a destructor, the compiler creates an “empty” destructor . d. It releases the object’s memory.

ANS: d It releases the object’s memory.

Section 9.8 When Constructors and Destructors Are Called 9.8 Q1: Given the class definition: class CreateDestroy { public: CreateDestroy() { cout << "constructor called, "; } ~CreateDestroy() { cout << "destructor called, "; } };

What will the following program output? int main() { CreateDestroy c1; CreateDestroy c2; return 0; } constructor called, destructor called, constructor called, destructor called, constructor called, destructor called, constructor called, constructor called, constructor called, constructor called, destructor called, destructor called, ANS: d. constructor called, constructor called, destructor called, destructor called, a. b. c. d.

9.8 Q2: Given the class definition: class CreateDestroy ..

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{ public: CreateDestroy() { cout << "constructor called, "; } ~CreateDestroy() { cout << "destructor called, "; } };

What will the following program output? int main() { for ( int i = 1; i <= 2; i++ ) CreateDestroy cd; return 0; }

a. constructor called, destructor called, constructor called, destructor called, b. constructor called, constructor called, c. constructor called, constructor called, destructor called, destructor called, d. Nothing.

ANS: a. constructor called, destructor called, constructor called, destructor called, Section 9.9 Time Class Case Study: A Subtle Trap—Returning a Reference to a private Data Member 9.9 Q1: Returning references to non-const, private data: a.

Allows private functions to be modified. b. Is only dangerous if the binary scope resolution operator ( ::) is used in the function prototype. c.

Allows private member variables to be modified, thus “breaking encapsulation.” d. Results in a compiler error.

ANS: c. Allows private member variables to be modified, thus “breaking encapsulation.”

9.9 Q2: A client changing the values of private data members is: a.

Only possible by calling private member functions. b. Possible using public functions and references. c.

Never possible. d. Only possible if the private variables are not declared inside the class.

ANS: b. Possible using public functions and references.

Section 9.10 Default Memberwise Assignment 9.10 Q1: The assignment operator (=) can be used to: a.

Test for equality. b. Copy data from one object to another. c.

Compare two objects. d. Copy a class.

ANS: b. Copy data from one object to another.

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Chapter 10: Classes: A Deeper Look, Part 2

Section 10.2 const (Constant) Objects and const Member Functions 10.2 Q1: Which of the following statements will not produce a syntax error? a. Defining a const member function that modifies a data member of the object. b. Invoking a non-const member function on a const object. c. Declaring an object to be const. d. Declaring a constructor to be const.

ANS c. Declaring an object to be const.

10.2 Q2: The code fragment: Increment::Increment( int c, int i ) : increment ( i ) { count = c; }

does not cause any compilation errors. This tells you that: a. count must be a non-const variable. b. count must be a const variable. c. increment must be a non-const variable. d. increment must be a const variable.

ANS a. count must be a non-const variable.

Section 10.3 Composition: Objects as Members of Classes 10.3 Q1: When composition (one object having another object as a member) is used: a. The host object is constructed first and then the member objects are placed into it. b. Member objects are constructed first, in the order they appear in the host constructor’s initializer list. c. Member objects are constructed first, in the order they are declared in the host’s class. d. Member objects are destructed last, in the order they are declared in the host’s class.

ANS c. Member objects are constructed first, in the order they are declared in the host’s class.

10.3 Q2: An error occurs if: a. A non-reference, non-const, primitive data member is initialized in the member initialization list. b. An object data member is not initialized in the member initialization list. c. An object data member does not have a default constructor. d. An object data member is not initialized in the member initialization list and does not have a default constructor.

ANS d. An object data member is not initialized in the member initialization list and does not have a default constructor.

Section 10.4 friend Functions and friend Classes 10.4 Q1: If the line: friend class A;

appears in class B, and the line: friend class B;

appears in class C, then: a. Class A is a friend of class C. b. Class A can access private variables of class B. c. Class C can call class A’s private member functions. ..

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d. Class B can access class A’s private variables.

ANS: b. Class A can access private variables of class B. 10.4 Q2: Which of the following statements about friend functions and friend classes is false? a. A class can either grant friendship to or take friendship from another class using the friend keyword. b. A friend declaration can appear anywhere in a class definition. c. A friend of a class can access all of its private data member and member functions. d. The friendship relationship is neither symmetric nor transitive.

ANS a. A class can either grant friendship to or take friendship from another class using the friend keyword.

Section 10.5 Using the this Pointer 10.5 Q1: For a non-constant member function of class Test, the this pointer has type: a. const Test * b. Test * const c. Test const * d. const Test * const ANS: b. Test * const 10.5 Q2: Inside a function definition for a member function of an object with data element x, which of the following is not equivalent to this->x: a. *this.x b. (*this).x c. x d. (* (& (*this) ) ).x ANS: a. *this.x 10.5 Q3: Assume that t is an object of class Test, which has member functions a(), b(), c() and d(). If the functions a(), b() and c() all return references to an object of class Test (using the dereferenced this pointer) and function d() returns void, which of the following statements will not produce a syntax error: a. t.a().b().d(); b. a().b().t; c. t.d().c(); d. t.a().t.d(); ANS: a. t.a().b().d();

Section 10.6 static Class Members 10.6 Q1: If Americans are objects of the same class, which of the following attributes would most likely be represented by a static variable of that class? a.

Age. b. The President. c.

Place of birth. d. Favorite food.

ANS: b. The President.

10.6 Q2: static data members of a certain class: a.

Can be accessed only if an object of that class exists. b. Cannot be changed, even by objects of the same that class. c.

Have class scope. d. Can only be changed by static member functions.

ANS: c. Have class scope.

10.6 Q3: static member functions: a.

Can use the this pointer. b. Can access only other static member functions and static data members. c.

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d. Can be declared const as well.

ANS: b. Can only access other static member functions and static data members.

Section 10.7 Proxy Classes 10.7 Q1: Proxy classes are best described as an example of: a.

Object-oriented programming (as used in the text) . b. Structured programming. c.

Information hiding. d. Utility functions.

ANS: c. Information hiding.

10.7 Q2: In addition to hiding the implementation details that the ordinary method of “separating implementation from interface” would hide, using a proxy class also hides: a. The definition of inline functions. b. The definition of access functions. c.

The definition of constructors and the destructor. d. The names of private data members.

ANS: d.The names of private data members.

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Chapter 11: Operator Overloading; String and Array Objects Section 11.1 Introduction 11.1 Q1: Which statement about operator overloading is false? a. Operator overloading is the process of enabling C++'s operators to work with class objects. b. C++ overloads the addition operator (+) and the subtraction operator (-) to perform differently, depending on their context in integer, floating-point and pointer arithmetic with data of fundamental types. c. You can overload all C++ operators to be used with class objects. d. When you overload operators to be used with class objects, the compiler generates the appropriate code based on the types of the operands.

ANS: c. You can overload all C++ operators to be used with class objects. [Most, not all, operators can be overloaded.]

Section 11.2 Using the Overloaded Operators of Standard Library Class string 11.2 Q1: Which of the following is false? a. A string can be defined to store any data type. b. Class string provides bounds checking in its member function at. c. Class string’s overloaded [] operator returns a vector element as an rvalue or an lvalue, depending on the context. d. An exception is thrown if the argument to string’s at member function is an invalid subscript.

ANS: a. A string can be defined to store any data type.

Section 11.3 Fundamentals of Operator Overloading 11.3 Q1: To use an operator on user-defined class objects, operator overloading: a. Must always be used. b. Must always be used, with three exceptions. c. Must never be used, with three exceptions. d. Must never be used.

ANS b. Must always be used, with three exceptions.

11.3 Q2: The correct function name for overloading the addition ( +) operator is: a. operator+ b. operator(+) c. operator:+ d. operator_+ ANS a. operator+ 11.3 Q3: Which of the following operators cannot be overloaded? a. The . operator. b. The -> operator. c. The & operator. d. The [ ] operator.

ANS a. The . operator.

11.3 Q4: Which statement about operator overloading is false? a. New operators can never be created. b. Certain overloaded operators can change the number of arguments they take. c. The precedence of an operator cannot be changed by overloading. d. Overloading cannot change how an operator works on built-in types.

ANS b. Certain overloaded operators can change the number of arguments they take.

11.3 Q5: To implicitly overload the += operator: a. Only the + operator needs to be overloaded. b. Only the = operator needs to be overloaded. ..

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c. Both the + and = operators need to be overloaded. d. The += operator cannot be overloaded implicitly.

ANS d. The += operator cannot be overloaded implicitly.

Section 11.4 Overloading Binary Operators 11.4 Q1: Which of the following operators can be overloaded as a non-member function? a. () b. [] c. += d. == ANS: d. == 11.4 Q2: Which situation would require the operator to be overloaded as a non-member function? a. The overloaded operator is =. b. The left most operand must be a class object (or a reference to a class object). c. The left operand is an int. d. The operator returns a reference.

ANS c. The left operand is an int.

11.4 Q3: An overloaded + operator takes a class object and a double as operands. For it to be commutative (i.e., a + b and b + a both work): a. operator+ must be a member function of the class from which the objects are instantiated. b. operator+ must be a non-member function. c. It must be overloaded twice; the operator+ function that takes the object as the left operand must be a member function, and the other operator+ function must be a global function. d. The + operator cannot be overloaded to be commutative.

ANS c. It must be overloaded twice; the operator+ function that takes the object as the left operand must be a member function, and the other operator+ function must be a global function.

11.4 Q4: y and z are user-defined objects and the += operator is an overloaded member function. The operator is overloaded such that y += z adds z and y, then stores the result in y. Which of the following expressions is always equivalent to y += z? y = y operator+= z y.operator+=( z ) y = y + z y operator+=( y + z ) ANS: b. y.operator+=( z ) a. b. c. d.

11.4 Q5: For operators overloaded as non-static member functions: a. Binary operators can have two arguments and unary operators can have one. b. Both binary and unary operators take one argument. c. Binary operators can have one argument, and unary operators cannot have any. d. Neither binary nor unary operators can have arguments.

ANS: c. Binary operators can have one argument, and unary operators cannot have any .

Section 11.5 Overloading the Binary Stream Insertion and Stream Extraction Operators 11.5 Q1: Suppose you have a programmer-defined data type Data and want to overload the << operator to output your data type to the screen in the form cout << dataToPrint; and allow cascaded function calls. The first line of the function definition would be: a. ostream &operator<<( ostream &output, const Data &dataToPrint ) b. ostream operator<<( ostream &output, const Data &dataToPrint ) c. ostream &operator<<( const Data &dataToPrint, ostream &output ) d. ostream operator<<( const Data &dataToPrint, ostream &output ) ANS: a. ostream &operator<<( ostream &output, const Data &dataToPrint )

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Section 11.6 Overloading Unary Operators 11.6 Q1: Suppose the unary ! operator is an overloaded member function of class String. For a String object s, which function call is generated by the compiler when it finds the expression !s? a. s.operator!() b. s.operator!( default_value1, default_value2,…) c. operator!( s ) d. A compiler error results because no arguments are given.

ANS: a. s.operator!()

Section 11.7 Overloading the Unary Prefix and Postfix ++ and -- Operators 11.7 Q1: The conventional way to distinguish between the overloaded preincrement and postincrement operators (++) is: a. To assign a dummy value to preincrement. b. To make the argument list of postincrement include an int. c. To have the postincrement operator call the preincrement operator. d. Implicitly done by the compiler.

ANS: b. To make the argument list of postincrement include an int.

11.7 Q2: Because the postfix increment operator returns objects by value and the prefix increment operator returns objects by reference: a. Prefix increment has slightly more overhead than postfix increment. b. The postfix increment operator returns the actual incremented object with its new value. c. Objects returned by postfix increment cannot be used in larger expressions. d. The postfix increment operator typically returns a temporary object that contains the original value of the object before the increment occurred.

ANS: d. The postfix increment operator typically returns a temporary object that contains the original value of the object before the increment occurred.

Section 11.8 Case Study: A Date Class 11.8 Q1: There exists a data type Date with member function Increment that increments the current Date object by one. The ++ operator is being overloaded to postincrement an object of type Date. Select the correct implementation: a.

Date Date::operator++( int ) { Date temp = *this; Increment(); return *temp; } b. Date Date::operator++( int ) { Increment(); Date temp = *this; return temp; } c. Date Date::operator++( int ) { Date temp = *this; return this; temp.Increment(); } d. Date Date::operator++( int ) { Date temp = *this; Increment(); return temp; } ANS: d. Date Date::operator++( int ) { Date temp = *this;

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Increment(); return temp; }

Section 11.9 Dynamic Memory Management 11.9 Q1: Which of the following is false about the new operator and the object for which it allocates memory? a. It calls the object’s constructor. b. It returns a pointer. c. It does not require the size of the object to be explicitly specified in the new expression. d. It automatically destroys the object after main is exited.

ANS: d. It automatically destroys the object after main is exited.

11.9 Q2: The delete operator: a. Can terminate the program. b. Must be told which destructor to call when destroying an object. c. Can delete an entire array of objects declared using new. d. Is called implicitly at the end of a program.

ANS: c. Can delete an entire array of objects declared using new.

Section 11.10 Case Study: Array Class 11.10 Q1: Which of the following is false? a. An entire non-char array cannot be input or output at once. b. Two arrays cannot be meaningfully compared with equality or relational operators . c. Arrays cannot be assigned to one another (i.e., array1 = array2;). d. C++ ensures that you cannot “walk off” either end of an array .

ANS: d. C++ ensures that you cannot “walk off” either end of an array .

11.10 Q2: The array subscript operator [], when overloaded, cannot: a. Be used with linked list classes. b. Take a float as an operand. c. Take multiple values inside (e.g., [4,8]). d. Take user-defined objects as operands.

ANS: c. Take multiple values inside (e.g., [4,8]).

11.10 Q3: A copy constructor: a. Is a constructor with only default arguments. b. Is a constructor that initializes a newly declared object to the value of an existing object of the same class. c. Is a constructor that takes no arguments. d. None of the above.

ANS: b. Is a constructor that initializes a newly declared object to the value of an existing object of the same class.

11.10 Q4: A copy constructor must receive its argument by reference because: a. Otherwise the constructor will only make a copy of a pointer to an object. b. Otherwise infinite recursion occurs. c. The copy of the argument passed by value has function scope. d. The pointer needs to know the address of the original data, not a temporary copy of it.

ANS: b. Otherwise infinite recursion occurs.

11.10 Q5: To prevent class objects from being copied: a. Make the overloaded assignment operator private. b. Make the copy constructor private. c. Both (a) and (b). d. None of the above.

ANS: c. Both (a) and (b).

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Section 11.11 Operators as Member Function vs. Non-Member Functions 11.11 Q1: Which statement is false? a. Based on whether an operator is implemented as a member function or as a non-member function, the operator is used differently in expressions. b. When an operator function is implemented as a member function, the leftmost (or only) operand must be an object (or a reference to an object) of the operator's class. c. Operator member functions of a specific class are called (implicitly by the compiler) only when the left operand of a binary operator is specifically an object of that class, or when the single operand of a unary operator is an object of that class. d. Another reason why you might choose a non-member function to overload an operator is to enable the operator to be commutative.

ANS: a. Based on whether an operator is implemented as a member function or as a non-member function, the operator is used differently in expressions. [Whether an operator is implemented as a member function or as a nonmember function, the operator is still used the same way in expressions.]

Section 11.12 Converting between Types 11.12 Q1: Conversion constructors: a. Can have multiple arguments. b. Can convert between user-defined types. c. Are implicitly defined by the compiler if not explicitly written by the programmer. d. Cannot convert built-in types to user defined types.

ANS: b. Can convert between user-defined types.

11.12 Q2: The prototypes of overloaded cast operator functions do not: a. Specify the type they convert to. b. Specify the type that is being converted. c. Specify a return type. d. Need to be defined inside the class whose objects are being converted.

ANS: c. Specify a return type.

11.12 Q3: Which of the following lines would be the prototype for an overloaded cast operator function that converts an object of user-defined type Time into a double? a. Time::operator double() const; b. Time::static_cast double() const; c. Time::operator_cast(double) const; d. Time::double() const; ANS: a. Time::operator double() const;

Section 11.13 explicit Constructors 11.13 Q1: An explicit constructor: a. Cannot be called outside of the class it is declared in. b. Can be implicitly called by the compiler to perform a data type conversion. c. Does not initialize its class’s data members. d. Must take exactly one argument.

ANS: d. Must take exactly one argument.

Section 11.14 Case Study: Building a String Class 11.14 Q1: Conversion constructors cannot: a. Be applied implicitly. b. Be used to convert the arguments for overloaded operators to the types needed by those overloaded operators. c. d.

Take exactly one argument.

Be used implicitly in series to match the needs of an overloaded operator .

ANS: d. Be used implicitly in series to match the needs of an overloaded operator . ..

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11.14 Q2: Which of the following is not a disadvantage of default memberwise copy with objects containing pointers? a. Having the possibility of leaving a dangling pointer. b. Allowing both objects to point to the same dynamically allocated storage. c. Allowing the destructor of one object to be called while leaving the second pointer, to the same memory location, intact. d. Requiring the explicit overloading of the assignment operator.

ANS: d. Requiring the explicit overloading of the assignment operator.

11.14 Q3: Assume that the function call operator() is overloaded for data type String in the usual sense of selecting a substring from a larger string. For a String object string1 with the character string "ABCDEFGHI", what string does string1( 4 , 2 ) return? a. "EF" b. "EFGHI" c.

"CDEF"

d. "CD" ANS: a. "EF"

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Chapter 12: Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance Section 12.1 Introduction 12.1 Q1: Select the false statement regarding inheritance. a. A derived class can contain more attributes and behaviors than its base class. b. A derived class can be the base class for other derived classes. c. Some derived classes can have multiple base classes. d. Base classes are usually more specific than derived classes.

ANS d. Base classes are usually more specific than derived classes.

12.1 Q2: Which of the following is not a kind of inheritance in C++? a. public. b. private. c. static. d. protected.

ANS c. static.

12.1 Q3: The is-a relationship represents. a. Composition. b. Inheritance. c. Information Hiding. d. A friend.

ANS b. Inheritance.

Section 12.2 Base Classes and Derived Classes 12.2 Q1: Which of the following is most likely a base class of the other three? a. automobile. b. convertible. c. miniVan. d. sedan.

ANS a. automobile.

12.2 Q2: Which of the following is not a good example of a hierarchy likely to be modeled by inheritance? a. Airplanes. b. Geometric shapes. c. Animals. d. Prime numbers.

ANS d. Prime numbers.

12.2 Q3: To declare class subClass a privately derived class of superClass one would write: a. b. c. d.

class subclass : private superClass class subclass :: private superClass class subclass < private superClass > class subclass inherits private superClass ANS a. class subclass : private superClass

Section 12.3 protected Members 12.3 Q1: From most restrictive to least restrictive, the access modifiers are: a. protected, private, public b. private, protected, public c. private, public, protected d. protected, public, private ANS b. private, protected, public

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12.3 Q2: protected base class members cannot be accessed by: a. Functions that are neither friends of the base class, derived-class member functions nor friends of a derived class. b. friends of the base class. c. Functions that are not derived-class member functions. d. friends of derived classes.

ANS a. Functions that are neither friends of the base class, derived-class member functions nor friends of a derived class.

Section 12.4 Relationship between Base Classes and Derived Classes 12.4 Q1: Assuming the definition, class BasePlusCommissionEmployee : public CommissionEmployee

which of the following is false? a. The colon ( : ) in the header of the class definition indicates inheritance. b. The keyword public indicates the type of inheritance. c. All the public and protected members of class BasePlusCommissionEmployee are inherited as public and protected members, respectively, into class CommissionEmployee. d. CommissionEmployee is the base class and BasePlusCommissionEmployee is the derived class.

ANS: c. All the public and protected members of class BasePlusCommissionEmployee are inherited as public and protected members, respectively, into class CommissionEmployee.

12.4 Q2: Assuming the following is the beginning of the constructor definition for class BasePlusCommissionEmployee which inherits from class Point, BasePlusCommissionEmployee::BasePlusCommissionEmployee( string first, string last, string ssn, double sales, double rate, double salary ) : CommissionEmployee( first, last, ssn, sales, rate )

The second line: a. Invokes the CommissionEmployee constructor with arguments. b. Causes a compiler error. c. Is unnecessary because the CommissionEmployee constructor is called automatically. d. Indicates inheritance.

ANS a. Invokes the CommissionEmployee constructor with arguments.

12.4 Q3: Which of the following is not one of the disadvantages of using the “copy-and-paste” approach to duplicating code from one class into another class? a. Errors are prone to be spread around. b. It is time consuming. c. It forces the system to store many physical copies of the code, creating a code-maintenance nightmare. d. All of the above are disadvantages of the “copy-and-paste” approach.

ANS d. All of the above are disadvantages of the “copy-and-paste” approach.

12.4 Q4: When should base class members be declared protected? a. When all clients should be able to access these members. b. When these members are used only by member functions of this base class. c. When these members should be available only to derived classes (and friends), but not to other clients. d. The protected access specified should never be used.

ANS c. When these members should be available only to derived classes (and friends), not to other clients.

Section 12.5 Constructors and Destructors in Derived Classes 12.5 Q1: When an object of a derived class is instantiated, the __________ constructor initializes the _________ members. a. Base class, base class. b. Derived class, base class. c. Base class, derived class. ..

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d. Derived class, public.

ANS: a. Base class, base class.

12.5 Q2: Base class constructors and assignment operators: a. Are not inherited by derived classes. b. Should not be called by derived class constructors and assignment operators. c. Can be inherited by derived classes, but generally are not. d. Can call derived-class constructors and assignment operators.

ANS: a. Are not inherited by derived classes.

12.5 Q3: Suppose class A inherits from base class B. What is the order in which their constructors and destructors will be called when an object of class A is instantiated and then destroyed? a. B constructor, A constructor, A destructor, B destructor. b. B constructor, A constructor, B destructor, A destructor. c. A constructor, B constructor, A destructor, B destructor. d. A constructor, B constructor, B destructor, A destructor.

ANS: a. B constructor, A constructor, A destructor, B destructor.

Section 12.6 public, protected and private Inheritance 12.6 Q1: Which forms of inheritance are is-a relationships? a. All forms of inheritance are is-a relationships. b. Only public and private. c. Only public and protected. d. Only public.

ANS: d. Only public.

12.6 Q2: When deriving a class from a protected base class, the public members of the base class become _________ and the protected members of the base class become __________? a. protected, private b. public, private c. protected, protected d. public, protected ANS: c. protected, protected

Section 12.7 Software Engineering with Inheritance 12.7 Q1: Theoretically, clients do not need to see the _________ of classes from which they derive other classes. a. Header files. b. Source code. c. Object code. d. Interface.

ANS: b. Source code.

12.7 Q2: Which of the following is true about using inheritance in software engineering? a. Common attributes and behaviors should be factored out of closely related classes and placed into a base class from which the original classes can now inherit. b. It is best to create a huge class library to make it easy for a client to find the most appropriate class for his or her needs. c. A class produced through inheritance should be as large as possible to fully encompass all of the functionality it should offer. d. The standard C++ libraries that are shipped with C++ compilers are usually enough to accomplish anything an application might need to do.

ANS: a. Common attributes and behaviors should be factored out of closely related classes and placed into a base class from which those original classes can inherit.

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Chapter 13: Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism Section 13.1 Introduction 13.1 Q1: Polymorphism is implemented via: a. Member functions. b. virtual functions and dynamic binding. c. inline functions. d. Non-virtual functions.

ANS: b. virtual functions and dynamic binding.

Section 13.2 Introduction to Polymorphism: Polymorphic Video Game 13.2 Q1: Which of the following statements about polymorphism is false? a. With polymorphism, you can direct a variety of objects to behave in manners appropriate to those objects without even knowing their types. b. With polymorphism, new types of objects that can respond to existing messages can easily be incorporated into a system without modifying the base system. c. Polymorphism enables you to deal in specifics and let the execution-time environment concern itself with the generalities. d. To get polymorphic behavior among existing objects, those objects must be instantiated from classes in the same inheritance hierarchy.

ANS: c. Polymorphism enables you to deal in specifics and let the execution-time environment concern itself with the generalities. Actually, the reverse is true.

Section 13.3 Relationships Among Objects in an Inheritance Hierarchy 13.2 Q1: Which of the following would not be a member function that derived classes Fish, Frog and Bird should inherit from base class Animal and then provide their own definitions for, so that the function call can be performed polymorphically? a. eat b. sleep c. move d. flapWings ANS: d. flapWings

Section 13.3.1 Invoking Base-Class Functions from Derived-Class Objects 13.3.1 Q1: Employee is a base class and HourlyWorker is a derived class, with a redefined non-virtual print function. Given the following statements, will the output of the two print function calls be identical?

HourlyWorker h; Employee *ePtr = &h; ePtr->print(); ePtr->Employee::print();

a. Yes. b. Yes, if print is a static function. c. No. d. It would depend on the implementation of the print function.

ANS: a. Yes. Section 13.3.2 Aiming Derived-Class Pointers at Base-Class Objects 13.3.2 Q1: Which of the following assignments would be a compilation error? ..

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a. Assigning the address of a base-class object to a base-class pointer. b. Assigning the address of a base-class object to a derived-class pointer. c. Assigning the address of a derived-class object to a base-class pointer. d. Assigning the address of a derived-class object to a derived-class pointer.

ANS: b. Assigning the address of a base-class object to a derived-class pointer.

Section 13.3.3 Derived-Class Member-Function Calls via Base-Class Pointers 13.3.3 Q1: Downcasting enables: a. A derived-class object to be treated as a base-class object. b. A base-class object to be treated as a derived-class object. c. Making a base-class pointer into a derived-class pointer. d. Making a derived-class pointer into a base -class pointer.

ANS: c. Making a base-class pointer into a derived-class pointer.

Section 13.3.4 Virtual Functions 13.3.4 Q1: If objects of all the classes derived from the same base class all need to draw themselves, the draw function would most likely be declared: a. private b. virtual c. protected d. friend ANS: b. virtual 13.3.4 Q2: virtual functions must: a. Be overridden in every derived class. b. Be declared virtual in every derived class. c. Be declared virtual in the base class. d. Have the same implementation in every derived class.

ANS: c. Be declared virtual in the base class.

13.3.4 Q3: Which of the following statements about virtual functions is false? a. They allow the program to select the correct implementation at execution time. b. They can use either static or dynamic binding, depending on the handles on which the functions are called. c. They do not remain virtual down the inheritance hierarchy. d. They can be called using the dot operator.

ANS: c. They do not remain virtual down the inheritance hierarchy.

Section 13.4 Type Fields and switch Statements 13.4 Q1: Problems using switch logic to deal with many objects of different types do not include: a. Forgetting to include an object in one of the cases. b. Having to update the switch statement whenever a new type of object is added. c. Having to track down every switch statement to do an update of object types. d. Not being able to implement separate functions on different objects.

ANS: d. Not being able to implement separate functions on different objects.

Section 13.5 Abstract Classes and Pure virtual Functions 13.5 Q1: The line: virtual double earnings() const = 0;

appears in a class definition. You cannot deduce that: ..

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a. All classes that directly inherit from this class will override this method. b. This class is an abstract class. c. Any concrete class derived from this class will have an earnings function. d. This class will probably be used as a base class for other classes.

ANS: a. All classes that directly inherit from this class will override this method.

13.5 Q2: Abstract classes: a. Contain at most one pure virtual function. b. Can have objects instantiated from them if the proper permissions are set. c. Cannot have abstract derived classes. d. Are defined, but the programmer never intends to instantiate any objects from them.

ANS: d. Are defined, but the programmer never intends to instantiate any objects from them.

13.5 Q3: The main difference between a pure virtual function and a virtual function is: a. The return type. b. The member access specifier. c. That a pure virtual function cannot have an implementation. d. The location in the class.

ANS: c. That a pure virtual function cannot have an implementation.

13.5 Q4: Which of the following is not allowed? a. Objects of abstract classes. b. Multiple pure virtual functions in a single abstract class. c. References to abstract classes. d. Arrays of pointers to abstract classes.

ANS: a. Objects of abstract classes.

Section 13.6 Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism 13.6 Q1: What mistake prevents the following class declaration from functioning properly as an abstract class? class Shape { public: virtual double print() const; double area() const { return base * height; } private: double base; double height; };

a. There are no pure virtual functions. b. There is a non-virtual function. c. private variables are being accessed by a public function. d. Nothing, it functions fine as an abstract class.

ANS: a. There are no pure virtual functions.

Section 13.7 (Optional) Polymorphism, Virtual Functions and Dynamic Binding “Under the Hood” 13.7 Q1: An abstract class will: a.

Have all zeros in its vtable. b. Have at least one 0 in its vtable. c.

Share a vtable with a derived class. d. Have fewer 0's in its vtable than concrete classes have.

ANS: b. Have at least one 0 in its vtable.

13.7 Q2: Concrete classes that inherit virtual functions but do not override their implementations: ..

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a. Have vtables which are the same as those of their base classes. b. Receive their own copies of the virtual functions. c. Receive pointers to their base classes’ virtual functions. d. Receive pointers to pure virtual functions.

ANS: c. Receive pointers to their base classes' virtual functions.

13.7 Q3: The C++ compiler makes objects take up more space in memory if they: a. Are derived from base classes. b. Have virtual functions. c. Have only protected members. d. Are referenced by pointers.

ANS: b. Have virtual functions.

13.7 Q4: Abstract classes do not necessarily have: a.

A 0 pointer in their vtable. b. A virtual function prototype with the notation = 0. c.

Zero instances of their class. d. Zero references to their class.

ANS: d. Zero references to their class.

Section 13.8 Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism and Runtime Type Information with Downcasting, dynamic_cast, typeid and type_info 13.8 Q1: The line: virtual double functionX() const = 0;

in a class definition indicates that the class is probably a: a. Base class. b. Derived class. c. Protected class. d. Library class.

ANS: a. Base class.

13.8 Q2: Run-time type information can be used to determine: a. A function’s return type. b. A function’s argument type. c. An object’s type. d. The number of arguments a function takes.

ANS: c. An object’s type.

13.8 Q3: The __________ operator returns a reference to a __________ object: a. typeid, type_info b. typeinfo, type_id c. typeid, data_type d. typeinfo, type ANS: a. typeid, type_info 13.8 Q4: dynamic_cast is often used to: a. Perform type checking for objects. b. Convert pointers to strings. c. Upcast pointers. d. Downcast pointers.

ANS: d. Downcast pointers.

Section 13.9 Virtual Destructors

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13.9 Q1: virtual destructors must be used when: a. The constructor in the base class is virtual. b. delete is used on a base-class pointer to a derived-class object. c. delete is used on a derived-class object. d. A constructor in either the base class or derived class is virtual.

ANS: b. delete is used on a base-class pointer to a derived-class object.

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Chapter 14: Templates Section 14.1 Introduction 14.1 Q1: The relationship between function templates and function-template specializations is most similar to the relationship between: a. Classes and objects. b. Classes and functions. c. Functions and return types. d. Headers and source files.

ANS a. Classes and objects.

Section 14.2 Function Templates 14.2 Q1: A difference between function-template specializations and overloaded functions is that: a. Function-template specializations are generated by the compiler, not the programmer. b. Function-template specializations cannot accept user-defined types. c. Function-template specializations do not perform identical operations on each data type. d. Overloaded functions usually do not perform similar operations on each data type.

ANS a. Function-template specializations are generated by the compiler, not the programmer.

14.2 Q2: Function-template specializations: a. Are identical to macros. b. Are generated at compile time. c. Have a maximum allowed number of type parameters. d. Are not more concise than the equivalent set of overloaded functions.

ANS b. Are generated at compile time.

Section 14.3 Overloading Function Templates 14.3 Q1: A function template can be overloaded by: a. Using other function templates with the same function name and parameters. b. Using non-template functions with the same name and different parameters. c. Using non-template functions with a different name but the same parameters. d. Using other function templates with a different name but the same parameters.

ANS b. Using non-template functions with the same name and different parameters.

14.3 Q2: Assuming that all four of the following functions are defined, which one will be called by the function call square( 23.4 )? a. template< typename T > T square( T num ) template< typename T1, typename T2 > T1 square( T1 num1, T2 num2 ) c. int square( int num ) d. double square( double num ) ANS d. double square( double num )

b.

Section 14.4 Class Templates 14.4 Q1: Class templates: a. May include the statement template< typename Type > anywhere. b. Must put template< typename Type > before the class definition. c. Must include template< typename Type > inside the class definition. d. Have the option of including the optional statement template< typename Type >.

ANS: b. Must put template< typename Type > before the class definition. ..

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14.4 Q2: For a class template, the binary scope resolution operator ( ::) is needed: a. Only in the definitions of the member functions defined outside the class. b. Both in the prototype and definition of a member function. c. Only if multiple class-template specializations will be created from this class template. d. In neither the definition nor prototype of member functions.

ANS: a. Only in the definitions of the member functions defined outside the class.

14.4 Q3: Function templates: a. Can include objects of template classes as parameters. b. Must have return type T. c. Do not need a separate template< typename type > statement if they take objects from a template class as a parameter. d. Do not need a separate template< typename type > statement.

ANS: a. Can include objects of template classes as parameters.

Section 14.5 Nontype Parameters and Default Types for Class Templates 14.5 Q1: Nontype parameters are: a. Unable to have default arguments. b. Specified before the angle-bracket-enclosed type-parameter list. c. const. d. Required for class templates.

ANS: c. const.

14.5 Q2: Default type parameters are allowed only: a. If the class template also has nontype parameters. b. If the class template does not have any nontype parameters. c. If the class is used as a container class. d. As the rightmost (trailing) parameters in a template’s type-parameter list.

ANS: d. As the rightmost (trailing) parameters in a template’s type-parameter list.

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Chapter 15: Stream Input/Output Section 15.1 Introduction 15.1 Q1: Which of the following statements is not true about C++ input/output (I/O) features? a. C++ allows users to specify I/O for their own data types. b. C++ automatically calls the correct I/O operations for standard types. c. C++ has some object-oriented I/O features. d. C++ borrowed its type safe I/O capabilities from C. ANS d. C++ borrowed its type safe I/O capabilities from C.

Section 15.2 Streams 15.2 Q1: Select the correct statement regarding C++ I/O streams: a. C++ provides only high-level I/O capabilities because it is a high-level programming language. b. High-level (formatted) I/O is best for large-volume transfers. c. Low-level I/O breaks information down into small, meaningful groups of related bytes. d. Programmers generally prefer high-level I/O to low-level I/O. ANS d. Programmers generally prefer high-level I/O to low-level I/O. 15.2 Q2: __________ is usually faster than __________. a. High-level I/O, low-level I/O. b. Low-level I/O, high-level I/O. c. Low-level I/O, internal data processing. d. High-level I/O, internal data processing.

ANS b. Low-level I/O, high-level I/O. Section 15.2.1 Classic Streams vs. Standard Streams 15.2.1 Q1: Which C++ data type was designed to store Unicode characters? a. char b. long c. wchar_t d. size_t ANS c. wchar_t Section 15.2.2 iostream Library Header Files 15.2.2 Q1: Which of the following libraries does not deal with input/output? a. iostream b. iomanip c. fstream d. fiostream ANS d. fiostream Section 15.2.3 Stream Input/Output Classes and Objects 15.2.3 Q1: Which of the following classes is a base class of the other three? a. basic_ios b. basic_istream c. basic_ostream d. basic_iostream ANS a. basic_ios 15.2.3 Q2: Which of the following is not a member of the ostream class? a. cout b. cerr ..

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c. cin d. clog ANS c. cin 15.2.3 Q3: Which of the following classes is deepest in the inheritance hierarchy? a. basic_iostream b. basic_ofstream c. basic_ifstream d. basic_fstream ANS d. basic_fstream

Section 15.3 Stream Output 15.3 Q1: Which of the following is not a member function of the C++ ostream class? a. Stream-insertion operator (<<). b. Stream-extraction operator (>>). c. put. d. write.

ANS b. Stream-extraction operator (>>).

Section 15.3.1 Output of char * Variables 15.3.1 Q1: Which of the following prints the address of character string string given the following declaration? char * string = "test"; a. cout << string; b. cout << *&string; c. cout << static_cast< void * >( string ); d. cout << * string; ANS: c. cout << static_cast< void * >( string );

Section 15.3.2 Character Output using Member Function put 15.3.2 Q1: Which of the following is an illegal use of function put? a. cout.put( 'A' ); b. cout.put( "A" ); c. cout.put( 'A' ).put( '\n' ); d. cout.put( 65 ); ANS: b. cout.put( "A" ); Section 15.4 Stream Input 15.4 Q1: The stream-extraction operator: a. Does not normally accept white-space characters. b. Returns true when the end-of-file is encountered. c. Sets the stream’s failbit if the operation fails. d. Sets the stream’s badbit if the data is of the wrong type.

ANS: a. Does not normally accept white-space characters.

Section 15.4.1 get and getline Member Functions 15.4.1 Q1: One difference between the three-argument version of the get function and the getline function is that: a. Only get has a delimiter. b. The getline function removes the delimiter from the stream. c. Only get adds the delimiter to the array. d. getline stores the characters it reads into its character array argument.

ANS: b. The getline function removes the delimiter from the stream. ..

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Section 15.4.2 istream Member Functions peek, putback and ignore 15.4.2 Q1: The putback member function returns to the input stream the previous character obtained by: a. A get from the input stream. b. Using the stream extraction operator on the input stream. c. Reading input from the keyboard. d. Reading a file from disk.

ANS: a. A get from the input stream.

15.4.2 Q2: Upon encountering the designated delimiter character, the ignore member function will: a. Read it in and return its value. b. Ignore it and continue reading and discarding characters. c. Terminate. d. Replace it with an EOF character.

ANS: c. Terminate.

Section 15.4.3 Type-Safe I/O 15.4.3 Q1: If unexpected data is processed in an I/O operation: a. An exception will be thrown. b. An error message will automatically be displayed. c. The program will terminate execution. d. Various error bits will be set.

ANS: d. Various error bits will be set.

Section 15.5 Unformatted I/O using read, write and gcount 15.5 Q1: Which of the following is a difference between the read and write functions? a. One performs formatted I/O and the other does not. b. They take different types of parameters. c. write and gcount are member functions of the same class, whereas read is not. d. The failbit is set only with read.

ANS: d. The failbit is set only with read.

Section 15.6 Introduction to Stream Manipulators Section 15.6.1 Integral Stream Base: dec, oct, hex and setbase 15.6.1 Q1: Which of the following is not a difference between hex and setbase? a. setbase is a parameterized stream manipulator and hex is not. b. setbase is provided by a different header file than hex. c. setbase(16) and hex have different effects on stream output. d. setbase takes an argument but hex does not.

ANS: c. setbase(16) and hex have different effects on stream output.

Section 15.6.2 Floating-Point Precision (precision, setprecision) 15.6.2 Q1: What will be output by the following statements? double x = 1.23456789; cout << fixed; cout << setprecision(5) << x << endl; cout.precision(3); ..

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cout << x << endl; cout << x << endl; 1.2346 1.23 1.23 b. 1.23457 1.235 1.23456789 c. 1.2346 1.23 1.23456789 d. 1.23457 1.235 1.235 ANS: d. 1.23457 1.235 1.235

a.

Section 15.6.3 Field Width (width, setw) 15.6.3 Q1: Which of the following is not true about setw and width? a. If the width set is not sufficient the output prints as wide as it needs. b. They are used to set the field width of output. c. Both of them can perform two tasks, setting the field width and returning the current field width. d. They only apply for the next insertion/extraction.

ANS: c. Both of them can perform two tasks, setting the field width and returning the current field width.

Section 15.6.4 User-Defined Output Stream Manipulators 15.6.4 Q1: Which of the following is a valid user-defined output stream manipulator header? a. ostream& tab( ostream& output ) b. ostream tab( ostream output ) c. istream& tab( istream output ) d. void tab( ostream& output ) ANS: a. ostream& tab( ostream& output )

Section 15.7 Stream Format States and Stream Manipulators Section 15.7.1 Trailing Zeros and Decimal Points (showpoint) 15.7.1 Q1: What will be output by the following statement? cout << showpoint << setprecision(4) << 11.0 << endl;

a. 11 b. 11.0 c. 11.00 d. 11.000 ANS: c. 11.00 Section 15.7.2 Justification (left, right and internal) 15.7.2 Q1: Which of the following stream manipulators causes an outputted number’s sign to be left justified, its magnitude to be right justified and the center space to be filled with fill characters? a. left b. right c. internal ..

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d. showpos ANS: c. internal Section 15.7.3 Padding (fill, setfill) 15.7.3 Q1: Which of the following statements restores the default fill character? a. cout.defaultFill(); b. cout.fill(); c. cout.fill( 0 ); d. cout.fill( ' ' ); ANS: d. cout.fill( ' ' ); Section 15.7.4 Integral Stream Base (dec, oct, hex, showbase) 15.7.4 Q1: When the showbase flag is set: a. The base of a number precedes it in brackets. b. Decimal numbers are not output any differently. c. "oct" or "hex" will be displayed in the output stream. d. Octal numbers can appear in one of two ways.

ANS: b. Decimal numbers are not output any differently.

Section 15.7.5 Floating-Point Numbers; Scientific and Fixed Notation (scientific, fixed) 15.7.5 Q1: What will be output by the following statements? double x = .0012345; cout << fixed << x << endl; cout << scientific << x << endl; 1.234500e-003 0.001235 b. 1.23450e-003 0.00123450 c. .001235 1.234500e-003 d. 0.00123450 1.23450e-003 ANS: c. 0.001235 1.234500e-003

a.

Section 15.7.6 Uppercase/Lowercase Control (uppercase) 15.7.6 Q1: Which of the following outputs does not guarantee that the uppercase flag has been set? a. All hexadecimal numbers appear in the form 0X87. b. All numbers written in scientific notation appear the form 6.45E+010. c. All text outputs appear in the form SAMPLE OUTPUT. d. All hexadecimal numbers appear in the form AF6.

ANS: c. All text outputs appear in the form SAMPLE OUTPUT. Section 15.7.7 Specifying Boolean Format (boolalpha) 15.7.7 Q1: Which of the following is not true about bool values and how they're output with the output stream? a. The old style of representing true/false values used -1 to indicate false and 1 to indicate true. b. A bool value outputs as 0 or 1 by default. c. Stream manipulator boolalpha sets the output stream to display bool values as the strings "true" and "false". d. Both boolalpha and noboolalpha are “sticky” settings.

ANS: a. The old style of representing true/false values used -1 to indicate false and 1 to indicate true. ..

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Section 15.7.8 Setting and Resetting the Format State via Member Function flags 15.7.8 Q1: To reset the format state of the output stream: a. Call the reset member function. b. Call the flags member function with the ios_base::fmtflags constant as the argument. c. Save a copy of the fmtflags value returned by calling member function flags before making any format changes, and then call flags again with that fmtflags value as the argument. d. You must manually apply each individual format change member function or stream manipulator to restore the default format state.

ANS: c. Save a copy of the fmtflags value returned by calling member function flags before making any format changes, and then call flags again with that fmtflags value as the argument.

Section 15.8 Stream Error States 15.8 Q1: The good member function will return false if: a. The eof member function would return true. b. The bad member function would return true. c. The failbit member function would return true. d. Any of the above.

ANS: d. Any of the above.

15.8 Q2: The difference between the operator! member function and the operator void* member function is that: a. They always return opposite boolean values. b. They occasionally return opposite boolean values. c. Of the two member functions, only operator! checks if eof has been set. d. Of the two member functions, only operator void* checks if eof has been set.

ANS: a. They always return opposite boolean values.

Section 15.9 Tying an Output Stream to an Input Stream 15.9 Q1: Select the false statement. Outputs are: a. Flushed automatically at the end of a program. b. Flushed when the buffer fills. c. Able to be synchronized with inputs. d. Never automatically tied to inputs.

ANS: d. Never automatically tied to inputs.

15.9 Q2: Untying an input stream, inputStream, from an output stream, outputStream, is done with the function call: a. inputStream.untie(). b. inputStream.untie( &outputStream ). c. inputStream.tie(). d. inputStream.tie( 0 ).

ANS: d. inputStream.tie( 0 ).

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Chapter 16: Exception Handling Section 16.1 Introduction 16.1 Q1: Exception handling may allow a program to: a. Terminate in a controlled manner. b. Be more robust and fault-tolerant. c. Continue executing as if no problem was encountered. d. All of the above.

ANS d. All of the above.

Section 16.2 Example: Handling an Attempt to Divide by Zero 16.2 Q1: The correct order in which an exception is detected and handled is: a. try, catch, throw b. throw, catch, try c. catch, throw, try d. try, throw, catch ANS d. try, throw, catch 16.2 Q2: Once an exception is thrown, when can control return to the throw point? a. Never. b. Only after the exception is caught. c. Once the stack unwinding process is completed. d. Immediately after the exception is thrown.

ANS a. Never.

16.2 Q3: The try block cannot: a. Enclose the code that may throw the exception. b. Enclose its own catch blocks. c. Test enclosing try blocks for additional catch statements if this try block’s catch statements can’t match the exception being thrown. d. Have exceptions explicitly or implicitly thrown in the try block itself.

ANS b. Enclose its own catch blocks.

16.2 Q4: catch blocks are not required to contain: a. Braces { }. b. Parentheses ( ). c. Some form of parameter type indication. d. A parameter name.

ANS d. A parameter name.

16.2 Q5: An exception: a. Terminates program execution. b. Terminates the block where the exception occurred. c. Will terminate the block where the exception occurred unless a catch command stops it. d. Will not terminate a block unless explicitly instructed to do so.

ANS b. Terminates the block where the exception occurred.

Section 16.3 When to Use Exception Handling 16.3 Q1: Exception handling should not be used: a. As an alternative for program control. b. To make error handling uniform on large projects. c. To deal with errors that do not arise very often. ..

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d.

To deal with errors for components that will be widely used in other applications, such as classes and libraries.

ANS a. As an alternative for program control.

Section 16.4 Rethrowing an Exception 16.4 Q1: To rethrow an exception, the exception handler must: a. Use the throw; statement. b. Use the throw command with the same parameters as the original exception. c. Return a reference to whatever caused the original exception. d. Not have attempted to process that exception at all.

ANS a. Use the throw; statement.

16.4 Q2: Select the false statement. A rethrown exception: a. Is detected by the next enclosing try block. b. Is the immediate result of a throw command. c. Can be processed by exception handlers following the enclosing try block. d. Must have been fully processed at the time it was rethrown.

ANS d. Must have been fully processed at the time it was rethrown.

Section 16.5 Exception Specifications 16.5 Q1: The proper syntax for a throw list is: a. int g( double h ) throw ( a, b, c ) int g( double h ) throw ( a b c ) c. int g( double h ) throw ( a ) throw ( b ) throw ( c ) d. int g( double h ) throw ( a ), throw ( b ), throw ( c ) ANS a. int g( double h ) throw ( a, b, c )

b.

16.5 Q2: Placing throw() after a function's parameter list: a. Guarantees that all exceptions can be thrown in this function. b. Guarantees that only programmer-defined exceptions can be thrown in this function. c. Indicates that throwing an exception in this function would call unexpected. d. Indicates that the compiler will issue an error if the function contains a throw expression.

ANS: c. Indicates that throwing an exception in this function would call unexpected.

Section 16.6 Processing Unexpected Exceptions 16.6 Q1: Select the false statement. The functions set_terminate and set_unexpected: a. Return pointers to the last function called by terminate and unexpected, respectively. b. Each return 0 the first time they are called. c. Take as arguments pointers to void functions with no arguments. d. Have their prototypes in header file <set_functions>.

ANS: d. Have their prototypes in header file <set_functions>.

16.6 Q2: Which of the following is not a case in which function terminate is called? a. When the exception mechanism cannot find a matching catch for a thrown exception. b. When the abort function is called before any call to function set_abort. ..

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c. When a destructor attempts to throw an exception during stack unwinding. d. When an attempt is made to rethrow an exception when there is no exception currently being handled.

ANS: b. When the abort function is called before any call to function set_abort.

Section 16.7 Stack Unwinding 16.7 Q1: The purpose of stack unwinding is to: a. Attempt to catch exceptions that are not caught in their scope. b. Improve catch blocks by allowing them to handle multiple exceptions. c. Return control to the function that created the exception. d. Aid the terminate command in shutting down the program.

ANS: a. Attempt to catch exceptions that are not caught in their scope.

Section 16.8 Constructors, Destructors and Exception Handling 16.8 Q1: Select the false statement. If an exception is thrown from a constructor: a. The object being constructed will not be constructed. b. For an array, destructors for all array elements are called, even if those array elements have not yet been constructed. c. The exception can contain the error information that the constructor would not be able to return in the normal manner. d. For an object with member objects, and whose outer object has not been constructed, the destructor is called for the member objects.

ANS: b. For an array, destructors for all array elements are called, even if those array elements have not yet been constructed.

Section 16.9 Exceptions and Inheritance 16.9 Q1: An advantage of using inheritance with exceptions is: a. The ability to catch related errors easily. b. Allowing catch statements to be imported into classes. c. The ability to explicitly test for derived class objects individually. d. The simplification of destructor calls for objects.

ANS: a. The ability to catch related errors easily.

Section 16.10 Processing new Failures 16.10 Q1: Select the false statement. Depending on the compiler: a. A failed new operation can return a 0. b. A failed new operation can throw a bad_alloc exception. c. A failed new operation can throw an exception if the <new> header file has been included. d. A failed new operation can automatically be caught at compile time.

ANS: d. A failed new operation can automatically be caught at compile time.

16.10 Q2: Select the false statement. The new operator: a. Can attempt to allocate as much memory as the programmer requests. b. Returns a pointer to a location in memory. c. Can indicate failure differently on different compilers. d. Throws a bad_alloc exception regardless of what function is registered with set_new_handler.

ANS: d. Throws a bad_alloc exception regardless of what function is registered with set_new_handler.

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16.11 Q1: If dynamic memory has been allocated for an object and an exception occurs, then: a. The catch block will not work properly. b. A memory leak could result. c. The object's constructor will cause another exception. d. Multiple pointers to memory could be created.

ANS: b. A memory leak could result.

16.11 Q2: Which statement about class unique_ptr (of the new C++ standard) and dynamic memory allocation is false? a. An object of class unique_ptr maintains a pointer to dynamically allocated memory. b. When a unique_ptr object destructor is called (for example, when a unique_ptr object goes out of scope), it performs a destroy operation on its pointer data member. c. Class template unique_ptr provides overloaded operators * and -> so that a unique_ptr object can be used just as a regular pointer variable is. d. Class unique_ptr is part of the new C++ standard and it replaces the deprecated auto_ptr class.

ANS: b. When a unique_ptr object destructor is called (for example, when a unique_ptr object goes out of scope), it performs a destroy operation on its pointer data member. [The operation is delete.]

Section 16.12 Standard Library Exception Hierarchy 16.12 Q1: Select the false statement regarding exceptions. a. The C++ standard has a hierarchy of exception classes. b. All exception classes are accessible via <exception>. c. Several classes derive from class exception. d. The what function can be overridden in each class derived from exception.

ANS: b. All exception classes are accessible via <exception>.

16.12 Q2: Which class indicates that an error occurred in which an arithmetic result was larger than the largest number that can be stored in the computer? a. invalid_argument. b. bad_exception. c. out_of_range. d. overflow_error.

ANS: d. overflow_error.

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Chapter 17: File Processing Section 17.2 Files and Streams 17.2 Q1: Which of the following does not have a stream associated with it? a. cerr. b. cin. c. cout. d. All of the above have streams associated with them.

ANS c. All of the above have streams associated with them.

17.2 Q2: In order to perform file processing in C++, which header files must be included? a. <cstdio> , <iostream> and <fstream>. b. <cstdio> and <iostream>. c. <cstdio> and <fstream>. d. <iostream> and <fstream>.

ANS d. <iostream> and <fstream>.

17.2 Q3: Which of the following is not true about files? a. C++ views each file as a sequential stream of bytes. b. Files are opened by creating objects of stream classes. c. Member functions of stream objects can be applied to file streams. d. istream, ostream and iostream are derived from ifstream, ofstream and fstream, respectively.

ANS d. istream, ostream and iostream are derived from ifstream, ofstream and fstream, respectively.

Section 17.3 Creating a Sequential File 17.3 Q1: Select the false statement. a. C++ imposes no structure on a file. b. C++ files include information about their structure. c. The programmer must impose a structure on a file. d. C++ files do not understand notions such as “records” and “fields.”

ANS b. C++ files include information about their structure.

17.3 Q2: Which file open mode would be used to write data only to the end of an existing file? a. ios::app b. ios::in c. ios::out d. ios::trunc ANS a. ios::app 17.3 Q3: When used with ofstream objects, operator! is not: a. Overloaded. b. Used to determine if the open operation succeeded. c. Used to close a file explicitly. d. Used to return a nonzero value if an error occurs.

ANS c. Used to close a file explicitly.

Section 17.4 Reading Data from a Sequential File 17.4 Q1: Which of the following will not change the file-position pointer to the same position as the others?

Assume a 10-byte file size and a current position at byte # 1. a. fileObject.seekg( 2 ); b. fileObject.seekg( 1, ios::cur ); ..

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c. fileObject.seekg( 2, ios::beg ); d. fileObject.seekg( 8, ios::end ); ANS d. fileObject.seekg( 8, ios::end ); 17.4 Q2: What is not true about this code segment? location = fileObject.tellg(); tellg is a member function of fileObject. location is a pointer.

The value of location after the segment executes must be less than or equal to the number of bytes in the file attached to fileObject. d. fileObject is an istream object.

ANS b. location is a pointer.

a. b. c.

Section 17.5 Updating Sequential Files 17.5 Q1: Which of the following is not a disadvantage of trying to modify a sequential access file? a. Modifying data can potentially destroy other data. b. It may be necessary to rewrite every record in the file to make a slight change. c. Things that are stored in the same number of “raw data” bytes internally may not take up the same amount of space in a file. d. Overwriting a record with another record of the same size is very difficult.

ANS: d. Overwriting a record with another record of the same size is very difficult.

Section 17.6 Random-Access Files 17.6 Q1: Random access files are more effective than sequential files for: a. Instant access to data. b. Updating data easily. c. Inserting data into the file without destroying other data. d. All of the above.

ANS: d. All of the above.

17.6 Q2: A random access file is organized most like a(n): a. Array. b. Object. c. Class. d. Pointer.

ANS: a. Array.

Section 17.7 Creating a Random-Access File 17.7 Q1: Select the false statement. The write function: a. Creates unformatted data. b. Expects data type const char * as its first argument. c. Writes to files in hexadecimal format. d. Takes an argument of type size_t.

ANS: c. Writes to files in hexadecimal format.

17.7 Q2: Select the false statement. The reinterpret_cast operator: a. Changes the value of the object to which its operand points. b. Performs its operation at compile time. c. Is compiler-dependent and can cause programs to behave differently on different platforms. d. Is easy to use to perform dangerous manipulations that could lead to serious execution-time errors. ..

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ANS: a. Changes the value of the object to which its operand points.

17.7 Q3: To write fixed-length records, use file open mode: a. ios::app b. ios::ate c. ios::trunc d. ios::binary ANS: d. ios::binary

Section 17.8 Writing Data Randomly to a Random-Access File 17.8 Q1: Which of the following functions would not be used to write data randomly to a random access file? a. tellg b. seekp c. write d. All of the above would be used.

ANS: a. tellg

Section 17.9 Reading from a Random-Access File Sequentially 17.9 Q1: For an ifstream object A, a class type B and a local variable of type B called C, the proper way to read in one B object from A into C is: a. A.read( &C, sizeof( B ) ); b. A.read( reinterpret_cast< char * >( &C ), sizeof( B ) ); c. A.read( reinterpret_cast< char * >( &C ), B ); d. A.read( char * ( &C ), sizeof( B ) ); ANS: b. A.read( reinterpret_cast< char * >( &C ), sizeof( B ) );

Section 17.10 Case Study: Transaction-Processing Program 17.10 Q1: Select the proper object type. __________ file( "file.dat", ios::in | ios::out ); a. iostream b. fstream c. ofstream d. ifstream ANS: b. fstream

Section 17.11 Object Serialization 17.11 Q1: Select the false statement. a. C++ includes object serialization by default. b. C++ does not include object serialization by default. c. When an object is output to disk, only the values of its attributes are output. d. None of the above.

ANS: a. C++ includes object serialization by default.

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Chapter 18: Class string and String Stream Processing

Section 18.1 Introduction 18.1 Q1: Which of the following is an invalid definition? a. string sa = "computers"; b. string sb( "computers" ); c. string sc( 'c' ); d. string sd( 9, 'c' ); ANS c. string sc( 'c' ); 18.1 Q2: strings: a. Can use the subscript operator to access individual characters. b. Must be null-terminated. c. Are pointers. d. Have a first subscript of 1.

ANS a. Can use the subscript operator to access individual characters.

Section 18.2 string Assignment and Concatenation 18.2 Q1: Which of the following is not an argument of the assign member function? a. The start location. b. The number of characters to copy. c. The end location. d. The string to copy.

ANS c. The end location.

18.2 Q2: Which of the following is not overloaded for strings? a. -= b. >> c. += d. getline() ANS a. -= 18.2 Q3: Which of the following cannot be used to concatenate strings? a. + b. += c. append d. assign ANS d. assign

Section 18.3 Comparing strings 18.3 Q1: Given the strings defined below, which statement will not return 0? string s1 = "Mighty Mouse"; string s2 = "Mickey Mouse";

a. s1.compare( 0, 3, s2, 0, 3 ); b. s1.compare( 7, 5, s2, 7, 5 ); c. s1.compare( 8, 12, s2, 8, 12 ); d. s1.compare( 7, 11, s2, 7, 11 ); ANS a. s1.compare( 0, 3, s2, 0, 3 );

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18.3 Q2: What type of value is returned by the overloaded equality and relational operators for strings? a. int b. bool c. double d. null ANS b. bool 18.3 Q3: If string s1 is lexicographically greater than string s2, then the value returned by s2.compare(0, s2.size(), s1) must be? a. 0 b. -1 c. A negative number. d. A positive number.

ANS c. A negative number.

Section 18.4 Substrings 18.4 Q1: If string s contains "antidisestablishmentarianism", then s.substr( 7, 13 ) would be: a. "establish" b. "ishmenta" c. "establi" d. "establishment" ANS d. "establishment"

Section 18.5 Swapping strings 18.5 Q1: Class string has member function __________ to interchange the data stored in two string objects a. exchange b. switch c. swap d. copyto ANS c. swap

Section 18.6 string Characteristics 18.6 Q1: The total number of elements that can be stored in a string without increasing its current amount of allocated memory is called its: a. Size. b. Length. c. Capacity. d. Maximum size.

ANS: c. Capacity.

18.6 Q2: Which of the following returns a bool? a. length b. empty c. capacity d. resize ANS: b. empty 18.6 Q3: Which function changes the actual string stored in the string object (i.e., is not a const member function)? a. length b. empty c. capacity © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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d. resize ANS: d. resize

Section 18.7 Finding Substrings and Characters in a string 18.8 Q1: Which of the following searches through a string object from right-to-left? a. find b. find_first_of c. find_last_of d. find_first_not_of ANS: c. find_last_of 18.8 Q2: Which of the following would not return string::npos when used on the string s which contains "rack": a. s.find_first_not_of( "crackling" ); b. s.find_first_not_of( "packrat" ); c. s.rfind( "car" ); d. s.find( "ack" ); ANS: d. s.find( "ack" );

Section 18.8 Replacing Characters in a string 18.8 Q1: The function call string1.erase( 5 ) will: a. Return a copy of string1 minus the character that occupied position 5. b. Erase all characters up to and including the character in position 5 from string1. c. Erase all characters starting from and including the character in position 5 to the end of string1. d. Return a copy of string1 minus every fifth character.

ANS: c. Erase all characters starting from and including the character in position 5 to the end of string1.

18.8 Q2: The arguments passed to replace do not include: a. The subscript of the element where the replace operation ends. b. The subscript of the element where the replace operation begins. c. A replacement character string from which a substring is used to replace characters. d. The element in the replacement character string where the replacement substring begins.

ANS: a. The subscript of the element where the replace operation ends.

Section 18.9 Inserting Characters into a string 18.9 Q1: If string s1 has the value "computer" and string s2 has the value "promise", which call to insert will produce the string "compromise"? a. s1.insert( 4, s2, 0, string::npos ); b. s1.insert( string::npos, s2, 0, 4 ); c. s2.insert( 0, s1, 0, 3 ); d. s2.insert( 3, s1, 0, 3 ); ANS: c. s2.insert( 0, s1, 0, 3 );

Section 18.10 Conversion to C-Style Pointer-Based char * Strings 18.10 Q1: Which of the following is false? a. If a string is converted to a C-style array using data, modifying the string could cause the pointer previously returned by data to become invalid. b. Converting a string containing one or more null characters to a C-style string can cause logic errors. c. c_str returns a character array of the same length as the string object it is called on. d. copy implicitly converts a string to a non-null terminated character array. © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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ANS: c. c_str returns a character array of the same length as the string object it is called on.

Section 18.11 Iterators 18.11 Q1: Iterators do not: a. Allow the characters to be modified. b. Allow backward traversal of strings. c. Have range checking. d. Have syntax similar to pointer operations.

ANS: c. Have range checking.

18.11 Q2: What is the code for a loop that iterates from the end of a string toward the beginning? a. string::reverse_iterator i = s.begin() while ( i != s.end() ) { cout << *i; ++i; } b. string::reverse_iterator i = s.rbegin() while ( i != s.rend() ) { cout << *i; ++i; } c. string::reverse_iterator i = s.end() while ( i != s.begin() ) { cout << *i; --i; } d. string::reverse_iterator i = s.rbegin() while ( i != s.rend() ) { cout << *i; --i; } ANS: d. string::reverse_iterator i = s.rbegin() while ( i != s.rend() ) { cout << *i; --i; }

18.11 Q3: string iterators: a. Must be dereferenced in order to access the character at each location. b. Are not range checked. c. Come in const and non-const forms. d. All of the above.

ANS: d. All of the above.

18.11 Q4: Which of the following provides bounds checking? a. at b. iterator c. reverse_iterator d. [ ] ANS: a. at

Section 18.12 String Stream Processing 18.12 Q1: The capabilities of inputting and outputting strings in memory are known as: a. String i/o manipulation. b. String stream processing. © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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c. Character handling. d. Dynamic string operations.

ANS: b. String stream processing.

18.12 Q2: All of the following are true of an ostringstream object except that: a. It uses a string to store output data. b. A stream insertion operation cannot be used to append additional data to it. c. The string data it stores is dynamically allocated. d. The data it stores can be accessed using the function str.

ANS: b. A stream insertion operation cannot be used to append additional data to it.

18.12 Q3: Which of the following does not apply to an istringstream object? a. Data is stored in the object as characters. b. Input from the object works identically to input from any file stream. c. Data in a string can be appended to it. d. It is used to inputs data from a string in memory to program variables.

ANS: c. Data in a string can be appended to it.

© Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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Chapter 19: Searching and Sorting

Section 19.2 Searching Algorithms 19.2 Q1: Which of the following statements about searching algorithms and their efficiency is false? a. The major difference between various searching algorithms is the amount of effort they require to complete the search. b. Big O notation is one way to describe how likely it is that a searching algorithm will find its target. c. The effort required to perform a search or a sort is particularly dependent on the number of data elements. d. A more efficient searching algorithm is usually more complex and difficult to implement.

ANS b. Big O notation is one way to describe how likely it is that a searching algorithm will find its target.

Section 19.2.1 Efficiency of Linear Search 19.2.1 Q1: Which of the following is not a valid runtime description according to Big O notation? a. O(1) b. O(n) c. O(n2) d. All of the above are valid.

ANS: d. All of the above are valid.

19.2.1 Q2: An algorithm that requires __________ operations to complete its task on n data elements is said to have linear runtime. a. n3 + 9 b. 3 n2 + 3 n + 2 c. 2 n + 1 d. 6 ANS c. 2 n + 1 Section 19.2.2 Binary Search 19.2.2 Q1: The first step performed by the binary search algorithm at each iteration is to: a. Compare the search key with the lowest element in the current subvector. b. Compare the search key with the middle element in the current subvector. c. Compare the search key with the highest element in the current subvector. d. Count the number of elements in the current subvector.

ANS b. Compare the search key with the middle element in the current subvector.

19.2.2 Q2: At most, how many comparisons are required to search a sorted vector of 1023 elements using the binary search algorithm? a. 10 b. 15 c. 20 d. 30 ANS a. 10

Section 19.3 Sorting Algorithms 19.3 Q1: The choice of which sorting algorithm to use does not affect: a. How thoroughly sorted the vector will be. b. The time it takes for the sorting operation to complete. c. The amount of memory used by the program. d. All of the above will be affected by the choice of sorting algorithm.

ANS a. How thoroughly sorted the vector will be.

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Section 19.3.1 Efficiency of Selection Sort 19.3.1 Q1: Selection sort has a Big O of: a. O(2n) b. O(n2) c. O(½n2) d. O((n2 – n)/2 ) ANS: b. O(n2) Section 19.3.2 Efficiency of Insertion Sort 19.3.2 Q1: Which of the following represents the efficiency of the insertion sort? a. O(1) b. O(n) c. O(n2) d. None of the above.

ANS: c. O(n2) Section 19.3.3 Merge Sort (A Recursive Implementation) 19.3.3 Q1: The merge sort algorithm: a. Can be used only on vectors of even length. b. Works by reducing vectors down to the base case of a two-element vector. c. Works by merging two sorted vectors into one larger sorted vector. d. Cannot be implemented recursively.

ANS: c. Works by merging two sorted vectors into one larger sorted vector.

19.3.3 Q2: A merge sort operation runs in: a. O(log n) time. b. O(n) time. c. O(n log n) time. d. O(n2) time.

ANS: c. O(n log n) time.

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Chapter 20: Data Structures Section 20.1 Introduction 20.1 Q1: Which of the following is not a dynamic data structure? a. Linked list. b. Stack. c. Array. d. Binary tree.

ANS c. Array.

20.1 Q2: In general, linked lists allow: a. Insertions and removals anywhere. b. Insertions and removals only at one end. c. Insertions at the back and removals from the front. d. None of the above.

ANS b. Insertions and removals anywhere.

20.1 Q3: Which data structure represents a waiting line and limits insertions to be made at the back of the data structure and limits removals to be made from the front? a. Stack. b. Queue. c. Binary tree. d. Linked list.

ANS b. Queue.

Section 20.2 Self-Referential Classes 20.2 Q1: Which of the following is a self-referential object? a. class SelfRefer {

int * xPtr; }; b. class selfRefer { selfRefer x; }; c. class SelfRefer { SelfRefer * xPtr; }; d. class SelfRefer1 { SelfRefer2 x; }; class SelfRefer2 { SelfRefer1 x; }; ANS c. class SelfRefer { SelfRefer * xPtr; };

20.2 Q2: The pointer member in a self-referential class is referred to as a: a. Link. b. Connector. c. Tie. d. Referrer.

ANS a. Link.

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Section 20.3 Dynamic Memory Allocation and Data Structures 20.3 Q1: The __________ operator takes as an argument the type of object being allocated and returns a __________. a. new, pointer to an object of that type. b. delete, reference to an object of that type. c. delete, copy of the object of that type. d. sizeof, reference to an object of that type.

ANS a. new, pointer to an object of that type.

20.3 Q2: Given that the line delete newPtr;

just executed, what can you conclude? a. The memory referenced by newPtr is released only if it is needed by the system. b. The pointer newPtr is of type void *. c. The pointer newPtr only exists if there was an error freeing the memory. d. The pointer newPtr still exists.

ANS d. The pointer newPtr still exists.

Section 20.4 Linked Lists 20.4 Q1: __________ is not an advantage of linked lists when compared to arrays. a. Dynamic memory allocation. b. Efficient insertion and deletion. c. Direct access to any list element. d. No need to allocate extra space, “just in case.”

ANS c. Direct access to any list element.

20.4 Q2: For a non-empty linked list, select the code that should appear in a function that adds a node to the end of the list. newPtr is a pointer to the new node to be added and lastPtr is a pointer to the current last node. Each node contains a pointer nextPtr. a. lastPtr->nextPtr = newPtr; lastPtr = newPtr lastPtr = newPtr; lastPtr->nextPtr = newPtr c. newPtr->nextPtr = lastPtr; lastPtr = newPtr d. lastPtr = newPtr; newPtr->nextPtr = lastPtr ANS a. lastPtr->nextPtr = newPtr; lastPtr = newPtr.

b.

20.4 Q3: What kind of linked list begins with a pointer to the first node, and each node contains a pointer to the next node, and the pointer in the last node points back to the first node? a. Circular, singly-linked list. b. Circular, doubly-linked list. c. Singly-linked list. d. Doubly-linked list.

ANS a. Circular, singly-linked list.

20.4 Q4: How many pointers are contained as data members in the nodes of a circular, doubly linked list of integers with five nodes? a. 5 b. 8 c. 10 d. 15 © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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ANS c. 10

Section 20.5 Stacks 20.5 Q1: Which of the following statements about stacks is incorrect? a. Stacks can be implemented using linked lists. b. Stacks are first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structures. c. New nodes can only be added to the top of the stack. d. The last node (at the bottom) of a stack has a null ( 0) link.

ANS b. Stacks are first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structures.

20.5 Q2: A stack is initially empty, then the following commands are performed: push 5 push 7 pop push 10 push 5 pop

Which of the following is the correct stack after those commands (assume the top of the stack is on the left)? a. 5 10 7 5 b. 5 10 c. 7 5 d. 10 5 ANS: d. 10 5

Section 20.6 Queues 20.6 Q1: A queue performs the following commands (in pseudo-code): enqueue 4, 6, 8, 3, 1 dequeue three elements enqueue 3, 1, 5, 6 dequeue two elements What number is now at the front of the queue? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6 ANS: a. 3 20.6 Q2: A linked list has the functions insertAtFront, removeFromFront, insertAtBack and removeFromBack, which perform operations on nodes exactly as their names describe. Which two functions would most naturally model the enqueue and dequeue operations, respectively, of a queue? a. insertAtBack and removeFromBack. b. insertAtBack and removeFromFront. c. removeFromFront and insertAtFront. d. removeFromFront and insertAtBack.

ANS: b. insertAtBack and removeFromFront.

Section 20.7 Trees 20.7 Q1: Select the incorrect statement. Binary search trees (regardless of the order in which the values are inserted into the tree): © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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a. Always have multiple links per node. b. Can be sorted efficiently. c. Always have the same shape for a particular set of data. d. Are nonlinear data structures.

ANS: c. Always have the same shape for a particular set of data.

20.7 Q2: If you add the following nodes to a binary search tree in the order they appear (left-to-right): 6 34 17 19 16 10 23 3 what will be the output of a postorder traversal of the resulting tree? a. 3 10 16 23 19 17 34 6 b. 3 6 17 16 10 19 23 34 c. 6 3 34 17 16 10 19 23 d. 10 16 23 19 17 34 3 6 ANS: a. 3 10 16 23 19 17 34 6 20.7 Q3: Which of the following tasks would a binary search tree not be well suited for? a. Duplicate elimination. b. Searching. c. Sorting. d. Reversing an unsorted sequence.

ANS: d. Reversing an unsorted sequence.

20.7 Q4: If you have a 1000-element balanced binary search tree, what is the maximum number of comparisons that may be needed to find an element in the tree? a. 500 b. 20 c. 10 d. 8 ANS: c. 10

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Chapter 21: Bits, Characters, C Strings and structs Section 21.1 Introduction 21.1 Q1: The main difference between structures and classes is: a. Whether they default to public or private access. b. How they access member variables. c. That classes always require new be used with them while structures do not. d. There is no difference between structures and classes.

ANS a. Whether they default to public or private access.

Section 21.2 Structure Definitions 21.2 Q1: Structure variable declarations can be incorporated into a structure definition by placing a commaseparated list of variable names: a. After struct StructureName and before the left brace. b. After the left brace and before the member declarations. c. After the member declarations and before the right brace. d. After the right brace and before the semicolon.

ANS d. After the right brace and before the semicolon.

21.2 Q2: Two structure variables of the same type with the same member values, when compared will: a. Always compare equally. b. Never compare equally. c. Sometimes compare equally. d. Result in a compile error.

ANS d. Result in a compile error.

Initializing Structures 21.2 Q3: Structure variables may not be initialized by: a. Assigning user-defined values in the struct definition. b. Assigning values to individual data members. c. Array-like member initializer lists. d. Assigning the value of another structure variable of the same type.

ANS a. Assigning user-defined values in the struct definition.

Using Structures with Functions 21.2 Q4: Arrays are: a. Always passed by reference. b. Passed by reference unless inside a structure. c. Passed by reference unless their elements are structures. d. Always passed by value.

ANS b. Passed by reference unless inside a structure.

Section 21.3 typedef 21.3 Q1: typedef is used to: a. Create a type name that is an alias for another type name. b. Make a struct private. c. Cast one struct to another type. d. Initialize struct members.

ANS a. Create a type name that is an alias for another type name. © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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21.3 Q2: The advantages of using typedef do not include: a. Making programs more portable by allowing data types to be easily changed to meet system specifications. b. Making type names shorter. c. Making programs more readable. d. Increasing the efficiency of accessing struct member variables.

ANS: d. Increasing the efficiency of accessing struct member variables.

Section 21.4 Example: Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation 21.4 Q1: Which is the proper way to create an array of structure variables of type Data? a. MyArray Data[ 10 ] b. Data MyArray[ 10 ]; c. Data struct myArray[ 10 ]; d. struct MyArray[ Data ]; ANS: b. Data MyArray[ 10 ];

Section 21.5 Bitwise Operators 21.5 Q1: The most basic unit of data on a computer is the: a. Bit. b. Byte. c. File. d. int.

ANS: a. Bit. 21.5 Q2: Which of the following is not a bitwise operator? a. ^ b. >> c. ~ d. * ANS: d. * 21.5 Q3: Let Bit1 = Bit2 = 1. Which of the following does not have the same result as the others? a. Bit1 & Bit2 b. Bit1 | Bit2 c. Bit1 ^ Bit2 d. ~( ~Bit2 ) ANS: c. Bit1 ^ Bit2 21.5 Q4: Evaluate ( 00001000 & 11000101 ) ^ ( 11110000 ). a. 00001101 b. 11000000 c. 00111101 d. 11110000 ANS: d. 11110000 21.5 Q5: Let x be an unsigned int on a machine with 4-byte unsigned ints. What effect does x>>=1; x<<=1;

have? a. b.

There is no effect.

The leftmost bit of x is set to 0. © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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c. The rightmost bit of x is set to 0. d. Both (b) and (c).

ANS: c. The rightmost bit of x is set to 0.

21.5 Q6: For any nonzero 8-bit x, which of the following does not result in zero? a. x &= ( ~x ) b. x ^= x c. x <<= 8 d. x |= x ANS: d. x |= x

Section 21.6 Bit Fields 21.6 Q1: A bit field must be declared as a: a. int or unsigned. b. char. c. float. d. long.

ANS: a. int or unsigned.

21.6 Q2: The number of bits in a bit field is specified with: a. Parentheses as in bitfield( 4 ) b. A colon as in bitfield : 4 c. Brackets as in bitfield[ 4 ] d. A dot as in bitfield.4 ANS: b. A colon as in bitfield : 4 21.6 Q3: __________ is not allowed. a. Accessing individual bits in a multi-bit bit field. b. Padding a bit field with bits that cannot be accessed. c. Having an unnamed bit field. d. Having a bit field with a zero width.

ANS: a. Accessing individual bits in a multi-bit bit field.

Section 21.7 Character-Handling Library 21.7 Q1: The functions of the character-handling library typically manipulate characters as: a. ints b. floats c. longs d. chars ANS: a. ints 21.7 Q2: The isxdigit function would return false on: a. a b. A c. 2 d. g ANS: d. g

Section 21.8 Pointer-Based String Manipulation Functions Section 8.13.2 String Manipulation Functions of the String-Handling Library 21.8 Q1: Which of the following correctly copies the contents of string2 into string1? Assume that string2 is equal to "goodbye" and string1 is equal to "good morning"? © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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strcpy( string1, string2 );. strcpy( string1, string2, 6 );. c. Strncpy( string1, string2, 5 );. d. strncpy( string1, string2, 6 );.

ANS: a. strcpy( string1, string2 );.

a. b.

21.8 Q2: Assuming that string1 = "hello" and string2 = "hello world", which of the following returns 0? a. strcmp( string1, string2 );. b. strcmp( string1, string2, 6 );. c. Strncmp( string1, string2, 5 );. d. strncmp( string1, string2, 6 );.

ANS: c. strncmp( string1, string2, 5 );.

21.8 Q3: strtok does not: a.

Replace each delimiting character with '\0'. b.

Return a pointer to the token it creates. c. Completely tokenize the string the first time it is called. d.

Modify the input string.

ANS: c. Completely tokenize the string the first time it is called.

Section 21.9 Pointer-Based String-Conversion Functions 21.9 Q1: The strtol and stroul functions do not: a. Need a header file to be used. b. Take three arguments. c. Have the same return types. d. Have the ability to return data in base 8.

ANS: c. Have the same return types.

21.9 Q2: The main difference between the functions atof, atoi and atol is: a. Their return types. b. Their arguments. c. Their header files. d. Their efficiency.

ANS: a. Their return types.

Section 21.10 Search Functions of the Pointer-Based String-Handling Library 21.10 Q1: Which function would be the most useful for determining if a certain word is contained in a string representing a sentence? a. strcspn. b. strchr. c. strstr. d. strrchr.

ANS: c. strstr.

21.10 Q2: What is the output of the following statement? cout << strspn("Cows like to moo.", "Ceik losw");

a. Nothing. b. 10. c. 8. d. e.

ANS: b. 10.

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Section 21.11 Memory Functions of the Pointer-Based String-Handling Library 21.11 Q1: The ___________ function allows characters of one part of a string to be copied into another, overlapping part of the same string. a. memchr b. memcmp c. memcpy d. memmove ANS: d. memmove 21.11 Q2: memcmp would return ___________ for the call memcmp("Hi, how are you?", "Hi, how are things?", 6). a. 1 b. A positive number. c. 0 d. A negative number.

ANS: c. 0 21.11 Q3: To change the string "ABCDEFGHI" to "aaaaaFGHI" you would use the _________ function. a. memset b. memcmp c. memchr d. memcopy ANS: a. memset

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Chapter 22: Standard Template Library (STL) Section 22.1 Introduction to the Standard Template Library (STL) 22.1 Q1: Which of the following is not a key component of the STL? a. Containers. b. Iterators. c. Algorithms. d. Pointers.

ANS d. Pointers.

Section 22.1.1 Introduction to Containers 22.2 Q1: Which of the following is not an STL container type? a. Second-class containers. b. Sequence containers. c. Associative containers. d. Container adapters.

ANS a. Second-class containers.

22.2 Q2: Which of the following containers is not considered a near container? a. C-like arrays b. vectors c. strings d. bitsets ANS b. vectors Section 22.3 Introduction to Iterators 22.3 Q1: Iterators are similar to pointers because of the: a. * and ++ operators. b. -> operator. c. begin and end functions. d. & operator.

ANS a. * and ++ operators.

22.3 Q2: Which of the following is the correct hierarchy of iterator categories (weakest at the left)? a. Input/output, forward, bidirectional, random access. b. Random access, forward, bidirectional, input/output. c. Bidirectional, forward, random access, input/output. d. Input/output, bidirectional, forward, random access.

ANS a. Input/output, forward, bidirectional, random access.

22.3 Q3: Which category of iterators combines the capabilities of input and output iterators into one iterator? a. Forward iterators. b. Bidirectional iterators. c. Random access iterators. d. Input/output iterators.

ANS a. Forward iterators.

Section 22.1.3 Introduction to Algorithms 22.4 Q1: An STL algorithm cannot: a. Return an iterator. b. Take two iterators as arguments to specify a range. c. Access STL members directly. d. Be used with containers that support more powerful iterators than the minimum requirements for the algorithm. © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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ANS c. Access STL members directly.

22.4 Q2: Which of the following are mutating-sequence algorithms defined in the STL? a. copy b. remove_if c. find d. Both (a) and (b).

ANS d. Both (a) and (b).

Section 22.5 Sequence Containers 22.5 Q1: Which of the following is not a sequence container provided by the STL? a. vector b. array c. list d. deque ANS b. array 22.5 Q2: Which of the following applications would a deque not be well suited for? a. Applications that require frequent insertions and deletions at the front of a container. b. Applications that require frequent insertions and deletions in the middle of a container. c. Applications that require frequent insertions and deletions at the back of a container. d. Applications that require frequent insertions and deletions at the front and at the back of a container.

ANS: b. Applications that require frequent insertions and deletions in the middle of a container.

22.5 Q3: Which of the following is not a member function of all sequence containers? a. front b. middle c. back d. pop_back ANS: b. middle Section 22.5.1 vector Sequence Container 22.5.1 Q1: Which of the following is a difference between vectors and arrays? a. Access to any element using the [] operator. b. Stored in contiguous blocks of memory. c. The ability to change size dynamically. d. Efficient direct access to any element.

ANS: c. The ability to change size dynamically.

22.5.1 Q2: The erase member function of class vector cannot: a. Specify an element to be removed from the vector. b. Specify a value to be removed from the vector. c. Specify a range of elements to be removed from the vector. d. Be called by member function clear.

ANS: b. Specify a value to be removed from the vector.

Section 22.5.2 list Sequence Container 22.5.2 Q1: The list sequence container does not: a. Efficiently implement insert and delete operations anywhere in the list. b. Use a doubly linked list. c. Support bidirectional iterators. d. Automatically sort inserted items.

ANS: d. Automatically sort inserted items.

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22.5.2 Q2: Which of the following is not a member function of all sequence containers? a. front b. back c. push_front d. push_back ANS: c. push_front Section 22.5.3 deque Sequence Container 22.5.3 Q1: Class deque provides: a. Efficient indexed access to its elements. b. The ability to add storage at either end of the deque. c. Efficient insertion and deletion operations at the front and back of a deque. d. All of the above.

ANS: d. All of the above.

22.5.3 Q2: Unlike a vector, a deque: a. Provides efficient insertion and deletion only at its front. b. Does not provide indexed access with the subscript operator. c. Is not stored in contiguous memory. d. Cannot store as many different data types.

ANS: c. Is not stored in contiguous memory.

Section 22.6 Associative Containers 22.6 Q1: The main difference between set and multiset is: a. Their interface. b. That one deals with keys only, and the other deals with key/value pairs. c. Their efficiency. d. How they handle duplicate keys.

ANS: d. How they handle duplicate keys.

22.6 Q2: Data loss could occur if the contents of a __________ were placed into any of the other three associative container types. a. multiset. b. set. c. multimap. d. map.

ANS: c. multimap.

Section 22.6.1 multiset Associative Container 22.6.1 Q1: The multiset associative container does not: a. Need a header file to be used. b. Use its comparator function object to determine the order of its data. c. Arrange its data in ascending order by default. d. Permit random access to its keys.

ANS: d. Permit random access to its keys.

22.6.1 Q2: Part of the functionality of member function _________ can be performed by member function lower_bound. a. equal_range b. find c. count d. insert ANS: a. equal_range © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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Section 22.6.2 set Associative Container 22.6.2 Q1: If a program attempts to insert a duplicate key into a set: a. An exception is thrown. b. The set will contain multiple copies of that key. c. A compile error will occur. d. The duplicate key will be ignored.

ANS: d. The duplicate key will be ignored.

Section 22.6.3 multimap Associative Container 22.6.3 Q1: The expression std::multimap< int, double, std::less< int > >::value_type( 15, 2.7 ): a. Creates an empty multimap object. b. Creates a multimap object containing one key/value pair. c. Returns the number of times the key/value pair ( 15, 2.7 ) appears in the multimap. d. Creates a pair object in which first is 15 (type int) and second is 2.7 (type double).

ANS: d. Creates a pair object in which first is 15 (type int) and second is 2.7 (type double).

Section 22.6.4 map Associative Container 22.6.4 Q1: If pairs is a map containing int keys and double associated values, the expression pairs[ 5 ] = 10: a. Associates the value 10.0 to the key 5 in pairs. b. Associates the value 5.0 to the key 10 in pairs. c. Associates the value associated with key 10 to key 5 in pairs. d. Associates the value associated with key 5 to key 10 in pairs.

ANS: a. Associates the value 10.0 to the key 5 in pairs.

Section 22.7 Container Adapters 22.7 Q1: Select the false statement. Container adapters: a. Do not provide the actual data structure implementation for elements to be stored. b. Have their data stored by underlying data structures. c. Can push and pop elements. d. Have limited iterator support.

ANS: d. Have limited iterator support.

Section 22.7.1 stack Adapters 22.7.1 Q1: To pop an element off the top of a stack for processing: a. Use member function top. b. Use member function pop. c. Use member function top and then member function pop. d. Use member function pop and then member function top.

ANS: c. Use member function top and then member function pop.

Section 22.7.2 queue Adapter 22.7.2 Q1: Which of the following is a not a member function of queue? a. enqueue b. pop c. empty d. size ANS: a. enqueue Section 22.7.3 priority_queue Adapters © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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22.7.3 Q1: Which of the following statements is true of a priority_queue? a. It does not allow insertions in sorted order. b. Each of its common operations is implemented as an inline function. c. A bucket sort is usually associated with it. d. It must be implemented as a deque.

ANS: b. Each of its common operations is implemented as an inline function.

Section 22.8 Algorithms 22.5 Q1: The algorithms in the STL: a. Use virtual function calls. b. Are implemented as member functions of the container classes. c. Do not depend on the implementation details of the containers on which they operate. d. Are not as efficient as the algorithms presented in most textbooks.

ANS: c. Do not depend on the implementation details of the containers on which they operate.

Section 22.8.1 fill, fill_n, generate and generate_n 22.8.1 Q1: The easiest way to set all the values of a vector to zero is to use function: a. fill b. fill_n c. generate d. generate_n ANS: a. fill 22.8.1 Q2: Which of the following function calls is a valid way to place elements into vector< char > chars? a. std::fill( chars.begin(), chars.end(), '5' ); b. std::fill_n( chars.begin(), chars.end(), '5' ); c. std::generate( chars.begin(), 10, '5' ); d. std::generate_n( 10, chars.end(), '5' ); ANS: a. std::fill( chars.begin(), chars.end(), '5' ); 22.8.1 Q3: Which of the following is a valid generator function prototype for use with generate or generate_n on a vector< char >? a. void nextLetter(); b. char nextLetter(); c. char nextLetter( char ); d. char nextLetter( int ); ANS: b. char nextLetter(); Section 22.8.2 equal, mismatch and lexicographical_compare 22.8.2 Q1: Given that v1 and v2 are vectors, the function call std::equal( v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin() ) returns: a. A bool indicating whether v1 and v2 are equal. b. A bool indicating whether the first element of v1, the last element of v1 and the first element of v2 are all equal. c. An iterator pointing to the first location where v1 and v2 are equal. d. An iterator pointing to the first location where v1 and v2 are not equal.

ANS: a. A bool indicating whether v1 and v2 are equal.

22.8.2 Q2: Function mismatch returns: a. The position number where the two specified sequences do not match. b. A pair containing the two elements in the specified sequences that do not match. c. A pair containing two iterators pointing to the two locations in the specified sequences that do not match. d. A bool indicating whether the two specified sequences do not match. © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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ANS: c. A pair containing two iterators pointing to the two locations in the specified sequences that do not match.

Section 22.8.3 remove, remove_if, remove_copy and remove_copy_if 22.8.3 Q1: Suppose you have a shopping list stored in a vector. What function would you use to remove all items in that vector that are under 10 dollars and place them in another container? a. remove b. remove_copy c. remove_if d. remove_copy_if ANS: d. remove_copy_if Section 22.8.4 replace, replace_if, replace_copy and replace_copy_if 22.8.4 Q1: The order of the arguments passed to function replace_copy_if must be: a. OutputIterator, InputIterator, ReplacementValue, PredicateFunction. b. InputIterator, OutputIterator, PredicateFunction, ReplacementValue. c. OutputIterator, InputIterator, InputIterator, ReplacementValue, PredicateFunction. d. InputIterator, InputIterator, OutputIterator, PredicateFunction, ReplacementValue.

ANS: d. InputIterator, InputIterator, OutputIterator, PredicateFunction, ReplacementValue.

Section 22.8.5 Mathematical Algorithms 22.8.5 Q1: Which of the following is not a mathematical algorithm included in the STL? a. min_element b. copy c. transform d. accumulate ANS: b. copy 22.8.5 Q2: The for_each function applies a general function to each element in the specified range. This general function should: a. Take an argument of the elements’ type and return nothing. b. Take an argument of the elements’ type and return a value of the elements’ type. c. Take an argument of a non-const reference to the elements’ type and return nothing. d. Take an argument of a non-const reference to the elements’ type and return a value of the elements’ type.

ANS: a. Take an argument of the elements’ type and return nothing.

Section 22.8.6 Basic Searching and Sorting Algorithms 22.8.6 Q1: The easiest way to search through a list of names and output the first one that begins with a vowel would be to use function: a. find b. find_if c. sort d. binary_search ANS: b. find_if 22.8.6 Q2: Which algorithm cannot take a predicate function as an argument? a. find b. find_if c. sort d. binary_search ANS: a. find Section 22.8.7 swap, iter_swap and swap_ranges

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22.8.7 Q1: Functions iter_swap and swap_ranges are similar in that both: a. Swap a range of elements. b. Take two arguments. c. Take forward iterators as arguments. d. Can only swap elements within the same array or container.

ANS: c. Take forward iterators as arguments.

Section 22.8.8 copy_backward, merge, unique and reverse 22.8.8 Q1: Which of the following statements produces the same results as the statement: std::copy( v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin() );

if v1 and v2 are both 10-element vectors? a. std::copy_backward( v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin() ); b. std::copy_backward( v2.begin(), v2.end(), v1.begin() ); c. std::copy_backward( v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.end() ); d. std::copy_backward( v2.begin(), v2.end(), v1.end() ); ANS: c. std::copy_backward( v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.end() ); 22.8.8 Q2: Function template back_inserter returns: a. A container. b. An iterator for a container. c. An element in a container. d. A reference to an element in a container.

ANS: b. An iterator for a container.

Section 22.8.9 inplace_merge, unique_copy and reverse_copy 22.8.9 Q1: If v1 is a vector< int > containing some number of int elements sorted in ascending order, after these statements execute: std::vector< int > results1; std::vector< int > results2; std::unique_copy( v1.begin(), v1.end(), std::back_inserter( results1 ) ); std::reverse_copy( v1.begin(), v1.end(), std::back_inserter( results2 ) );

which of the following could be true? a. results1 contains more elements than results2. b. The first element in results1 matches the last element in results2. c. results1 is empty but results2 is not. d. None of the above.

ANS: b. The first element in results1 matches the last element in results2.

Section 22.8.10 Set Operations 22.8.10 Q1: The __________ function would produce the sequence 1, 5, 6 when passed the sequences 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 2, 3, 4, 7 as first/second and third/fourth arguments, respectively. a. set_intersection b. set_difference c. set_union d. set_symmetric_difference ANS: b. set_difference 22.8.10 Q2: The __________ function would produce a sequence containing three elements when passed the sequences 1, 2 and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 as first/second and third/fourth arguments, respectively. a. set_intersection b. set_difference c. set_union © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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d. set_symmetric_difference ANS: d. set_symmetric_difference Section 22.8.11 lower_bound, upper_bound and equal_range 22.8.11 Q1: Functions lower_bound, upper_bound and equal_range are different in their: a. Return types. b. First argument types. c. Second argument types. d. Third argument types.

ANS: a. Return types.

Section 22.8.12 Heapsort 22.8.12 Q1: Attributes of a heap do not include: a. Having the largest element at the top of the heap. b. Having a binary-tree structure. c. The children of a given node are less than or equal to the parent node’s value. d. A preference to pop, rather than push, elements in the heap.

ANS: d. A preference to pop, rather than push, elements in the heap.

22.8.12 Q2: Sorting a preexisting sequence of n elements can be accomplished with the heapsort algorithm by: a. Calling make_heap on the entire sequence and then calling pop_heap on the entire sequence n times. b. Calling push_heap on the entire sequence n times and then calling pop_heap on the entire sequence n times. c. Calling make_heap on the entire sequence and then calling sort_heap on the entire sequence. d. Calling push_heap on the entire sequence n times and then calling sort_heap on the entire sequence.

ANS: c. Calling make_heap on the entire sequence and then calling sort_heap on the entire sequence.

Section 22.8.13 min and max 22.8.13 Q1: Which of the following function calls would not return the value that is its first argument? a. std::min( 3, 23 ) b. std::min( 'N', 'P' ) c. std::max( 17, 16 ) d. std::max( 'd', 'k' ) ANS: d. std::max( 'd', 'k' ) Section 22.8.14 STL Algorithms Not Covered in This Chapter 22.8.14 Q1: The difference between functions partition and stable_partition is that: a. partition may throw an exception while stable_partition will not. b. partition can only be called on a sequence that is already sorted. c. stable_partition maintains the original order for the elements in each of the two resulting partitions with respect to the other elements in that same partition. d. stable_partition allows an element to be duplicated and placed into both partitions.

ANS: c. stable_partition maintains the original order for the elements in each of the two resulting partitions with respect to the other elements in that same partition.

22.8.14 Q2: Functions partial_sum and partial_sort are similar in that: a. Both perform their tasks on only part of a sequence and never the whole sequence. b. Both take two iterators as arguments. c. Both are overloaded to take a binary function as an extra argument. d. None of the above.

ANS: c. Both are overloaded to take a binary function as an extra argument.

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Section 22.9 Class bitset 22.9 Q1: Which of the following bitset member functions cannot be called with an empty argument list? a. reset b. test c. size d. none ANS: b. test 22.9 Q2: Which bitset function could be used to create the logical not of a bitset object b? a. b.set() b. b.reset() c. b.flip() d. b.none() ANS: c. b.flip() 22.9 Q3: Assuming that bitset b1 contains the bits [0 1 1 0] and bitset b2 contains the bits [1 1 1 1], which of the following expressions returns true? a. b1.any() b. b1 == b2 c. b1.test( 3 ) d. b2.none() ANS: a. b1.any()

Section 22.10 Function Objects 22.10 Q1: Function objects have their functions called by using: a. The dot operator (.) b. operator() c. The arrow operator (->) d. The binary scope resolution operator (::) ANS: b. operator() 22.10 Q2: Which of the following is not true of a class that will be used to instantiate function objects? a. It must overload the parentheses operator. b. It can have data members. c. It must be a concrete class. d. All of the above are true about a class that will be used to instantiate function objects.

ANS: d. All of the above are true about a class that will be used to instantiate function objects.

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Chapter 23: Boost Libraries, Technical Report 1 and C++0x Section 23.3 Boost Libraries 23.3 Q1: The Random library provides: a. pseudo-random number generators b. uniform distributions c. custom distributions d. all of the above ANS d. all of the above 23.3 Q2: Which of the following statements is false? a. Boost is an online repository of free, peer-reviewed, open source C++ libraries. b. The Boost software license grants the rights to copy, modify, use and distribute the Boost source code and binaries for any commercial and non-commercial use. c. There are approximately 1000 libraries in Boost with more being added frequently. d. Boost has a formal acceptance process to ensure high-quality and portability.

ANS: c. There are approximately 1000 libraries in Boost with more being added frequently. [There are approximately 100 libraries.]

Section 23.4 Boost Libraries Overview 23.4 Q1: Which of the following statements about the Boost Libraries is false? a. Class array allows you to use fixed-size arrays in STL applications rather than vectors (dynamically sized arrays) which are not as efficient when there's no need for dynamic resizing. b. Boost.Regex significantly enhances the regular expression support provided in the C++ base language. c. Smart pointers help you manage dynamically allocated resources (e.g., memory, files and database connections). d. Tuples are often used to return multiple values from a function.

ANS: b. Boost.Regex significantly enhances the regular expression support provided in the C++ base language.

[Prior to the new standard, C++ does not support regular expressions.]

Section 23.5 Regular Expressions with the regex Library 23.5 Q1: Regular expressions are used in: a. text editors b. online forms c. IDEs d. all of the above ANS d. all of the above 23.5 Q2: A program using Boost.Regex must include the a.boost_regex.h b.regex.hpp c.regular_exp.hpp d.regex.h ANS: b. regex.hpp

header file.

23.5 Q3: The character class \s represents any: a. whitespace character b. space character c. string character d. non-whitespace character ANS: a. whitespace character

Section 23.5.1 Regular Expression Example

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23.5.1 Q1: The regular expression "A{5,}" matches: a. less than 5 A’s b. exactly 5 A’s c. at least 5 A’s d. none of the above ANS: c. at least 5 A’s 23.5.1 Q2: The regular expression a. "\d*" b. "\D?" c. "\w{0,}" d. "\d+" ANS: a. "\d*"

matches zero or more digits.

23.5.1 Q3: The dot character (.) matches: a. any visible character b. any nonvisible character c. any character d. any character except a newline ANS: c. any character

Section 23.5.2 Validating User Input with Regular Expressions 23.5.2 Q1: The "^" and "$" characters represent: a. back references b. the beginning and end of a string c. the beginning and end of a regular expression d. none of the above ANS: b. the beginning and end of a string 23.5.2 Q2: The regular expression "[^0-9]+:\s\d{2,}" matches: a. “123: Jones” b. “John 32145” c. “A7” d. “j: 16” ANS: d. “j: 16”

Section 23.5.3 Replacing and Splitting Strings 23.5.3 Q1: regex_replace returns a(n): a.bool b.string c.smatch d.void ANS: b. string

23.5.3 Q2: To replace only the first match to a regular expression, you must pass regex_replace.

as an argument to

a.-1 b.format_first_only c.replace_first_only d.0 ANS: b. format_first_only

Section 23.6 Smart Pointers

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23.6.1 Q1: To use shared_ptrs in your program you must include the a.smart_ptr.hpp b.shared_ptr.hpp c.shared.hpp d.shared_ptr.h ANS: b. shared_ptr.hpp

header file.

23.6.1 Q2: Which of the following is not a member function or operation of shared_ptr. a.reset b.use_count c.-> d.delete ANS: d. delete

Section 23.6.2 weak_ptr: shared_ptr Observer 23.6.2 Q1: When the last shared_ptr to a resource is destroyed, all weak_ptrs to that resource a. are destroyed b. are set to NULL c. are not affected d. can still access the resource ANS: b. are set to NULL 23.6.2 Q2: Use the weak_ptr member function weak_ptr.

.

to create a shared_ptr to the resource observed by the

a.lock b.use_count c.reset d.getSharedPtr ANS: a. lock

Section 23.7 Technical Report 1 23.7 Q1: The unordered associative containers use a value. a. bucket b. delegator function c. float d. hash function ANS: d. hash function

to determine where in the container to place the

23.7 Q2: The library in TR1 is based on a Boost library. a. Regex b. Unordered Associative Containers c. Date d. all of the above ANS a. Regex

Section 23.8 C++0x 23.8 Q1: C++0x will be a. easier to learn b. better for building libraries c. more compatible with C d. all of the above ANS: d. all of the above

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Section 23.9 Core Language Changes 23.9 Q1: Which of the following will not be included in C++0x? a. decimal types b. rvalue reference c. template aliases d. variable type deduction ANS: a. decimal types 23.9 Q2: A

declaration allows you to test certain aspects of a program at compile time.

a.compile_time_test b.static_assert c.test d.check ANS: b. static_assert

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Chapter 24: Other Topics Section 24.2 const_cast Operator 24.2 Q1: The const_cast operator can be used to cast away ___________ or ____________ qualifications. a. const, volatile. b. The const-ness property, remove. c. Property, const. d. enum, #define.

ANS a. const, volatile.

24.2 Q2: The const_cast operator is needed when __________ data must be treated as ___________ data. a. const, const b. Non-const, const c. const, non-const d. Non-const, non-const ANS: c. const, non-const

Section 24.3 mutable Class Members 24.3 Q1: If a certain object’s data members need to be frequently modified by const functions, it is best to: a. Declare the member values non-const. b. Declare the member values mutable. c. Use const_cast to make the member values modifiable. d. Use static_cast to make the member values modifiable.

ANS: b. Declare the member values mutable.

Section 24.4 namespaces 24.4 Q1: ___________ is/are used to solve the problem of variables with the same name and overlapping scopes. a. namespaces. b. Classes. c. Casts. d. Dynamic memory allocation.

ANS: a. namespaces.

24.4 Q2: Without the statement __________, all __________ statements must be written as std::cout. a. using namespace std;, cout b. using std namespace;, cout c. using std::namespace;, cout d. using std;, namespace std::cout ANS: a. using namespace std;, cout 24.4 Q3: namespace definitions are different from class definitions because: a. namespace definitions do not end in semicolons. b. namespace definitions are not delimited by braces {}. c. namespaces cannot contain functions. d. namespaces cannot contain variables.

ANS: a. namespace definitions do not end in semicolons.

24.4 Q4: ____________ namespace members appear to occupy the ___________ namespace and do not have to be qualified with a namespace name. a. Global, unnamed. b. Unnamed, global. © Copyright 1992-2012 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.

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c. Named, static. d. Named, global.

ANS: b. Unnamed, global.

24.4 Q5: Individual namespace members can be accessed without a namespace qualifier: a. If the using namespace all; directive is included at the beginning of the file. b. At any time. c. Only if the namespace is declared inside of main. d. If the individual member is mentioned in a using namespace::namespacemember declaration.

ANS: d. If the individual member is mentioned in a using namespace::namespacemember declaration.

24.4 Q6: namespaces cannot contain: a. Any functions. b. main. c. Classes. d. Other namespaces.

ANS: b. main.

Section 24.5 Operator Keywords 24.5 Q1: Which operator keyword corresponds to ^? a. b. c. d.

xor xor_eq or or_eq ANS: a. xor

24.5 Q2: Which operator corresponds to operator keyword and_eq? a. b. c. d.

&& != & &= ANS: d. &=

Section 24.6 Pointers to Class Members (.* and ->*) 24.6 Q1: Which symbol is used to access class members via pointers to class members? a. b. c. d.

-> .* . *.

ANS: b. .*

24.6 Q2: Which of the following declares a pointer ptr to a class member function in class Check that takes an int argument and returns a bool? a.

bool:( int ) ( *Check::ptr ); Check::( bool ( *ptr )( int ) ); c. bool ( Check::*ptr )( int ); d. bool*( int ) Check::ptr; ANS: c. bool ( Check::*ptr )( int );

b.

24.6 Q3: Assuming that ptr is a pointer to a class data member of class Check and obj is a pointer to a Check object, which of the following statements would be used to output that data member? a. b. c. d.

cout << obj.*ptr; cout << ( *obj ).*ptr; cout << obj->*ptr(); cout << ( *obj )->*ptr; ANS: b. cout << ( *obj ).*ptr;

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Section 24.7 Multiple Inheritance 24.7 Q1: Multiple inheritance means that a derived class inherits the members of several: a. Derived classes. b. public classes. c. Direct base classes. d. Indirect base classes, but exactly one direct base class.

ANS: c. Direct base classes.

24.7 Q2: If a derived class inherits from two base classes that both define a certain member function, then an ambiguity problem will arise when: a. An object of a base class calls that certain member function. b. An object of the derived class calls that certain member function. c. A pointer of a base class type pointing to an object of the derived class calls that certain member function. d. None of the above.

ANS: b. An object of the derived class calls that certain member function.

Section 24.8 Multiple Inheritance and virtual Base Classes 24.8 Q1: Duplicate __________ could result from ___________. a. subobjects, multiple inheritance. b. superobjects, multiple inheritance. c. superclasses, downcasting a pointer. d. subclasses, upcasting a pointer.

ANS: a. subobjects, multiple inheritance.

24.8 Q2: __________ inheritance solves the problem of duplicate subobjects. a. b. c. d.

protected virtual const static ANS: b. virtual

24.8 Q3: For multiple inheritance, the ______________ is responsible for initializing the _________ base class. a. Most derived class, virtual b. Least derived class, virtual c. Most derived class, const d. First derived class, virtual ANS: a. Most derived class, virtual

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Chapter 25: ATM Case Study, Part 1: Object-Oriented Design with the UML Section 25.2 Introduction to Object-Oriented Analysis and Design 25.2 Q1: The project's ________specify what the system should do. a. designs b. pseudocode algorithms c. programs d. requirements ANS: d. requirements Section 25.3 Examining the ATM Requirements Document 25.3 Q1: The use case diagram models ________. a. the interactions between a system’s client and the system. b. each software life cycle stage in succession. c. each software life cycle by repeating one or more stages several times via use cases. d. the interactions between implementations and testing.

ANS: a. the interactions between a system’s client and the system.

25.3 Q2: Which of the following is not an actor of the ATM system? a. A user who views an account balance. b. A user who provides requirements for building the ATM system. c. A user who withdraws cash from the ATM. d. A user who deposits funds into the ATM. ANS: b. A user who provides requirements for building the ATM system.

25.3 Q3: Which diagram models system structure? a. State machine diagram. b. Class diagram. c. Activity diagram. d. Sequence diagram.

ANS: b. Class diagram.

25.3 Q4: Which diagram is also called a collaboration diagram? a. State machine diagram. b. Communication diagram. c. Activity diagram. d. Sequence diagram.

ANS: b. Communication diagram.

Section 25.4 Identifying the Classes in the ATM Requirements Document 25.4 Q1: A solid line representing an association between two classes can be accompanied by any of the following details, except: a. b. c. d.

A number near the end of each line indicating multiplicity values.

A role name for one or both of the objects.

A name and direction for the association.

An aggregation relationship with another association line.

ANS: d. An aggregation relationship with another association line.

25.4 Q2: A composition or “has-a” relationship is represented in the UML by: a. b. c. d.

Attaching a solid diamond to the association line.

Attaching a solid triangle to the association line.

Making the association line bolded.

Making the association line dashed

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ANS: a. Attaching a solid diamond to the association line.

Section 25.5 Identifying Class Attributes 25.5 Q1: Which of the following is not a piece of information that could be found in the attribute compartment of a class’s rectangle in the UML? a. The attribute’s name. b.

The attribute’s memory location. c.

The attribute’s type. d.

The attribute’s initial value.

ANS: b. The attribute’s memory location.

25.5 Q2: A class-type attribute is best modeled by: a. Breaking the class down into its fundamental-type components. b. An inheritance association. c. Encapsulating both classes in a third, larger class. d. A composition association.

ANS: d. A composition association.

Section 25.6 Identifying Objects’ States and Activities 25.6 Q1: Which of the following is not a part of a UML state diagram? a. A solid circle indicating the initial state. b. Rounded rectangles representing states. c. Arrows with accompanying event description text representing transitions. d. Fractions beside each state indicating the likelihood of entering that state.

ANS: d. Fractions beside each state indicating the likelihood of entering that state.

25.6 Q2: An activity diagram for modeling the actions involved in executing a balance inquiry transaction using the BalanceInquiry object should not include: a. Receiving the user’s main menu input selecting a balance inquiry transaction. b. Retrieving the user’s balance information from the database of accounts . c. Displaying the user’s balance information on the screen. d. All of the above actions should be modeled in this activity diagram .

ANS: a. Receiving the user’s main menu input selecting a balance inquiry transaction.

Section 25.7 Identifying Class Operations 25.7 Q1: To identify an operation’s parameters, we examine: a. The data the operation will return. b.

The attributes of the class performing the operation. c. The data the operation requires to perform its assigned task. d.

The client of the class performing the operation.

ANS: c. The data the operation requires to perform its assigned task.

25.7 Q2: The UML representation credit( amount : Double ) specifies an operation: a.

Called credit that has a parameter amount, and returns a Double. b.

Called credit that has two parameters amount and Double, and returns a Double. c. Called credit that has a parameter amount, and returns nothing. d.

Called credit that has two parameters amount and Double, and returns nothing.

ANS: c. Called credit that has a parameter amount, and returns nothing.

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Section 25.8 Indicating Collaboration Among Objects 25.8 Q1: In a UML communication diagram, the first message passed during the processing of message 1 is called: a. Message 2. b. Message 1.1. c. Message 1-1. d.

Message 0.

ANS: b. Message 1.1.

25.8 Q2: A message between two objects in a UML sequence diagram is represented by: a.

A dashed line with a stick arrowhead. b.

A dashed line with a filled arrowhead. c. A solid line with a stick arrowhead. d.

A solid line with a filled arrowhead.

ANS: d. A solid line with a filled arrowhead.

25.8 Q3: An activation, represented by a thin vertical rectangle, on an object’s lifeline indicates that: a.

The object is instantiated in memory. b.

The object is executing. c. The object is waiting for another object to return control. d.

The object has terminated execution.

ANS: b. The object is executing.

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Chapter 26: ATM Case Study, Part 2: Implementing an Object-Oriented Design

Section 26.2 Starting to Program the Classes of the ATM System 26.2 Q1: Associations in a class diagram that have no navigability arrows at all indicate: a. That the two classes are the same. b. Inheritance from the same base class. c. That navigation can proceed in either direction across the association. d.

That operations performed by this association do not return values.

ANS: c. That navigation can proceed in either direction across the association.

26.2 Q2: Which of the following is not true about declaring references to objects of other classes inside a class definition? a. These references can be initialized inside the class definition. b. Each reference only requires enough memory to store the memory address of the object it references. c. If the class names for the other objects are used only to declare references, a forward declaration can be used to tell the compiler that the class name represents a type. d. These references can represent directional associations from a UML class diagram.

ANS: a. These references can be initialized inside the class definition.

Section 26.3 Incorporating Inheritance into the ATM System 26.3 Q1: Which attribute or behavior would we not factor out of the Pants and Socks classes and into the Clothing base class? a. material b. color c. isClean d. numberOfPockets ANS: d. numberOfPockets

..