Anatomy and Physiology 5th edition by kenneth Saladin , Solution Manual by TBtutors

Type:

Solution Manual

Resource:

Anatomy and Physiology

Edition:

5th Edition

Author(s):

Kenneth S. Saladin

Atlas A General Orientation to Human Anatomy 1. The frontal plane passes vertically through the body or an organ and divides it into equal right and left portions. True False

2. The cut of a guillotine is an example of a section done in the midsagittal plane. True False

3. The appendicular region consists of the head, neck and trunk. True False

4. The appendix is typically found in the right lower quadrant. True False

5. The liver is proximal to the diaphragm. True False

6. When the abdomen is divided into nine regions, the superior horizontal line is called the midclavicular line. True False

7. The most lateral and superior region of the abdomen is called the hypochondriac region. True False

8. In anatomical position, the forearm is supinated. True False

9. The heart occupies a space called the pericardial cavity between the parietal and visceral pericardium. True False

10. The cranial cavity contains the brain. True False

11. The __________ cavity is inferior to the _____________ cavity. A. cranial; thoracic B. thoracic; abdominopelvic C. pericardial; pleural D. thoracic; peritoneal E. thoracic; cranial

12. The most superior segment of the upper limb is called A. the digits. B. the manual region. C. the carpal region. D. the antebrachial region. E. the brachial region.

13. The _____ region of the left lower limb is proximal to the _____ region of the same limb. A. carpal; manual B. femoral; crural C. antebrachial; brachial D. tarsal; crural E. brachial; femoral

14. The ______ wraps around stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. A. pleura B. pericardium C. meninges D. visceral peritoneum E. parietal peritoneum

15. The ________ is an organ directly associated with both the _____ systems. A. stomach; digestive and reproductive B. pancreas; digestive and endocrine C. small intestine; digestive and integumentary D. testis; male reproductive and urinary E. ovary; female reproductive and lymphatic

16. Which one of the following is NOT in the correct anatomical position? A. arms at sides B. standing erect C. face and eyes facing forward D. feet flat on the floor E. palms facing posteriorly

17. The plane that passes vertically through the body or an organ and divides it into anterior and posterior portions is called the _____ plane. A. sagittal B. frontal C. median D. transverse E. oblique

18. The interscapular region is ______ to the scapular region. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral E. superior

19. The breastbone is _____ to the vertebral column. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior E. medial

20. The _____ part of the small intestine is the part closest the stomach. A. dorsal B. ventral C. proximal D. distal E. medial

21. The right shoulder is ______ and __________ to the umbilical region. A. superior; lateral B. superior; medial C. inferior; lateral D. inferior; medial E. posterior; lateral

22. The trachea is _____ to the esophagus. A. superior B. dorsal C. anterior D. posterior E. inferior

23. In the cat, the head is _________ to the tail, whereas in the human the head is ________ to the gluteal region (buttock). A. superior; superior B. anterior; superior C. posterior; dorsal D. ventral; distal E. anterior; posterior

24. The visceral pericardium is ________ to the parietal pericardium. A. lateral B. medial C. superficial D. deep E. anterior

25. The lumbar vertebrae are __________ to the thoracic vertebrae. A. anterior B. superior C. cephalic D. posterior E. inferior

26. The stomach is located mainly in which quadrant of the abdomen? A. right upper quadrant (RUQ) B. right lower quadrant (RLQ) C. left upper quadrant (LUQ) D. left lower quadrant (LLQ) E. left middle quadrant (LMQ)

27. The superolateral regions of the abdomen are called the _________ regions. A. epigastric B. inguinal C. hypochondriac D. hypogastric E. lateral abdominal

28. The urinary bladder is located in the __________ region. A. epigastric B. umbilical C. hypogastric D. inguinal E. hypochondriac

29. In the appendicular region, the wrist is called the _____ region, and the ankle is called the ___________ region. A. manual; pedal B. brachial; crural C. crural; antebrachial D. carpal; tarsal E. metacarpal; metatarsal

30. The backbone encloses the A. thoracic cavity. B. abdominal cavity. C. pelvic cavity. D. vertebral canal. E. cranial cavity.

31. The brain and the spinal cord are protected by A. a parietal layer. B. a visceral layer. C. mucous membranes. D. serous membranes. E. the meninges.

32. The thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity are lined by A. an endothelium. B. the mediastinum. C. meninges. D. serous membranes. E. mucous membranes.

33. The thoracic cavity is divided into right, left, and medial portions by a region called the A. mediastinum. B. diaphragm. C. serous membrane. D. meninges. E. peritoneum.

34. The _______ cavity contains the lungs, which are enfolded in the _____. A. thoracic; pleurae B. thoracic; pericardium C. thoracic; peritoneum D. abdominopelvic; peritoneum E. abdominopelvic; pleurae

35. The most superficial wall of the pleural cavity is lined by the _____, whereas the outer surface of the lungs is covered by _____. A. mesothelium; endothelium B. parietal pericardium; visceral pericardium C. visceral pleura; parietal pleura D. parietal pleura; visceral pleura E. visceral peritoneum; parietal peritoneum

36. The heart is in the _____ cavity and is covered by the _____. A. thoracic; pleura B. thoracic; pericardium C. pericardial; pleura D. pericardial; peritoneum E. cranial; meninges

37. The most superficial membrane of the heart is called A. parietal peritoneum. B. visceral peritoneum. C. parietal pericardium. D. visceral pericardium. E. parietal pleura.

38. The abdominopelvic cavity contains a moist serous membrane called the A. peritoneum. B. pleura. C. pericardium. D. mediastinum. E. meninges.

39. The kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, aorta, and inferior vena cava are all located A. within the peritoneal cavity. B. retroperitoneally. C. inside the visceral peritoneum. D. within the pelvic cavity. E. within the thoracic cavity.

40. A continuation of the peritoneum that binds the small intestine and suspends it from the abdominal wall is the A. greater omentum. B. mesentery. C. mesocolon. D. lesser omentum. E. mediastinum.

41. A fatty membrane that hangs like an apron from the inferolateral margin of the stomach and overlies the small intestine is the A. greater omentum. B. mesentery. C. mesocolon. D. lesser omentum. E. mediastinum.

42. This system provides protection, water retention, thermoregulation, and vitamin D production. A. lymphatic system B. muscular system C. skeletal system D. integumentary system E. excretory system

43. The thymus, spleen and tonsils are principal organs of this system. A. endocrine system B. respiratory system C. lymphatic system D. circulatory system E. muscular system

44. These two systems control and coordinate the 50 trillion cells in a human. A. muscular and nervous systems B. circulatory and lymphatic systems C. endocrine and nervous systems D. circulatory and endocrine systems E. muscular and skeletal systems

45. This system stores 99% of your calcium and is critical for blood cell formation. A. circulatory system B. skeletal system C. excretory system D. muscular system E. endocrine system

46. The system that exchanges carbon dioxide and oxygen and helps in speech is the _____ system, whereas the system that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide is the ______ system. A. respiratory; urinary B. circulatory; digestive C. respiratory; digestive D. circulatory; urinary E. respiratory; circulatory

47. This system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients. A. digestive B. urinary C. reproductive D. circulatory E. lymphatic

48. This system regulates blood volume and pressure, stimulates red blood cell formation, and controls fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. A. urinary system B. reproductive system C. digestive system D. muscular system E. circulatory system

49. The image of a typical chest X-ray shows a _____ view of the thoracic region. A. sagittal B. frontal C. transverse D. oblique E. lateral

50. The thyroid gland is _____ to the trachea and _____ to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx. A. superior; lateral B. superior; medial C. superficial; inferior D. deep; superior E. proximal; distal

Atlas A General Orientation to Human Anatomy Key

1. The frontal plane passes vertically through the body or an organ and divides it into equal right and left portions. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #1 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

2. The cut of a guillotine is an example of a section done in the midsagittal plane. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #2 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

3. The appendicular region consists of the head, neck and trunk. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #3 Section: A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

4. The appendix is typically found in the right lower quadrant. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #4 Section: A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

5. The liver is proximal to the diaphragm. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #5 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

6. When the abdomen is divided into nine regions, the superior horizontal line is called the midclavicular line. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #6 Section: A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

7. The most lateral and superior region of the abdomen is called the hypochondriac region. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #7 Section: A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

8. In anatomical position, the forearm is supinated. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #8 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

9. The heart occupies a space called the pericardial cavity between the parietal and visceral pericardium. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #9 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

10. The cranial cavity contains the brain. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #10 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

11. The __________ cavity is inferior to the _____________ cavity. A. cranial; thoracic B. thoracic; abdominopelvic C. pericardial; pleural D. thoracic; peritoneal E. thoracic; cranial

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #11 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology; A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

12. The most superior segment of the upper limb is called A. the digits. B. the manual region. C. the carpal region. D. the antebrachial region. E. the brachial region.

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #12 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology; A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

13. The _____ region of the left lower limb is proximal to the _____ region of the same limb. A. carpal; manual B. femoral; crural C. antebrachial; brachial D. tarsal; crural E. brachial; femoral

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #13 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology; A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

14. The ______ wraps around stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. A. pleura B. pericardium C. meninges D. visceral peritoneum E. parietal peritoneum

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create Saladin - Atlas A... #14 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create Saladin - Atlas A... #15 Section: A.4 Organ Systems Topic: Body Orientation

16. Which one of the following is NOT in the correct anatomical position? A. arms at sides B. standing erect C. face and eyes facing forward D. feet flat on the floor E. palms facing posteriorly

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #16 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #17 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

18. The interscapular region is ______ to the scapular region. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral E. superior

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #18 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

19. The breastbone is _____ to the vertebral column. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior E. medial

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #19 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

20. The _____ part of the small intestine is the part closest the stomach. A. dorsal B. ventral C. proximal D. distal E. medial

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #20 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

21. The right shoulder is ______ and __________ to the umbilical region. A. superior; lateral B. superior; medial C. inferior; lateral D. inferior; medial E. posterior; lateral

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #21 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

22. The trachea is _____ to the esophagus. A. superior B. dorsal C. anterior D. posterior E. inferior

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #22 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #23 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

24. The visceral pericardium is ________ to the parietal pericardium. A. lateral B. medial C. superficial D. deep E. anterior

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #24 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

25. The lumbar vertebrae are __________ to the thoracic vertebrae. A. anterior B. superior C. cephalic D. posterior E. inferior

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #25 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #26 Section: A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

27. The superolateral regions of the abdomen are called the _________ regions. A. epigastric B. inguinal C. hypochondriac D. hypogastric E. lateral abdominal

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #27 Section: A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

28. The urinary bladder is located in the __________ region. A. epigastric B. umbilical C. hypogastric D. inguinal E. hypochondriac

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #28 Section: A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #29 Section: A.2 Body Regions Topic: Body Orientation

30. The backbone encloses the A. thoracic cavity. B. abdominal cavity. C. pelvic cavity. D. vertebral canal. E. cranial cavity.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #30 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

31. The brain and the spinal cord are protected by A. a parietal layer. B. a visceral layer. C. mucous membranes. D. serous membranes. E. the meninges.

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #31 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

32. The thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity are lined by A. an endothelium. B. the mediastinum. C. meninges. D. serous membranes. E. mucous membranes.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #32 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

33. The thoracic cavity is divided into right, left, and medial portions by a region called the A. mediastinum. B. diaphragm. C. serous membrane. D. meninges. E. peritoneum.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #33 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #34 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #35 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

36. The heart is in the _____ cavity and is covered by the _____. A. thoracic; pleura B. thoracic; pericardium C. pericardial; pleura D. pericardial; peritoneum E. cranial; meninges

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #36 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

37. The most superficial membrane of the heart is called A. parietal peritoneum. B. visceral peritoneum. C. parietal pericardium. D. visceral pericardium. E. parietal pleura.

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create Saladin - Atlas A... #37 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

38. The abdominopelvic cavity contains a moist serous membrane called the A. peritoneum. B. pleura. C. pericardium. D. mediastinum. E. meninges.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #38 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #39 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

40. A continuation of the peritoneum that binds the small intestine and suspends it from the abdominal wall is the A. greater omentum. B. mesentery. C. mesocolon. D. lesser omentum. E. mediastinum.

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #40 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #41 Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes Topic: Body Orientation

42. This system provides protection, water retention, thermoregulation, and vitamin D production. A. lymphatic system B. muscular system C. skeletal system D. integumentary system E. excretory system

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #42 Section: A.4 Organ Systems Topic: Body Orientation

43. The thymus, spleen and tonsils are principal organs of this system. A. endocrine system B. respiratory system C. lymphatic system D. circulatory system E. muscular system

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #43 Section: A.4 Organ Systems Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #44 Section: A.4 Organ Systems Topic: Body Orientation

45. This system stores 99% of your calcium and is critical for blood cell formation. A. circulatory system B. skeletal system C. excretory system D. muscular system E. endocrine system

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #45 Section: A.4 Organ Systems Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #46 Section: A.4 Organ Systems Topic: Body Orientation

47. This system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients. A. digestive B. urinary C. reproductive D. circulatory E. lymphatic

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #47 Section: A.4 Organ Systems Topic: Body Orientation

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Atlas A... #48 Section: A.4 Organ Systems Topic: Body Orientation

49. The image of a typical chest X-ray shows a _____ view of the thoracic region. A. sagittal B. frontal C. transverse D. oblique E. lateral

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #49 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

50. The thyroid gland is _____ to the trachea and _____ to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx. A. superior; lateral B. superior; medial C. superficial; inferior D. deep; superior E. proximal; distal

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Atlas A... #50 Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology Topic: Body Orientation

Atlas A General Orientation to Human Anatomy Summary Category

# of Questions

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Saladin - Atlas A...

Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology

Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology; A.2 Body Regions

Section: A.1 General Anatomical Terminology; A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes

Section: A.2 Body Regions

Section: A.3 Body Cavities and Membranes

Section: A.4 Organ Systems

Topic: Body Orientation

Chapter 01 Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology 1. Feeling for swollen lymph nodes is an example of auscultation. True False

2. We can see through bones with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). True False

3. Histology is the study of structures that can be observed without a magnifying lens. True False

4. Cells were first named by microscopist Robert Hooke. True False

5. All functions of the body can be interpreted as the effects of cellular activity. True False

6. The hypothetico-deductive method is common in physiology, whereas the inductive method is common in anatomy. True False

7. An individual scientific fact has more information than a theory. True False

8. Evolutionary (darwinian) medicine traces some of our diseases to our evolutionary past. True False

9. The terms development and evolution have the same meaning in physiology. True False

10. Organs are made of tissues. True False

11. A molecule of water is more complex than a mitochondrion (organelle). True False

12. Homeostasis and occupying space are both unique characteristics of living things. True False

13. Positive feedback helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance. True False

14. Negative feedback is a self-amplifying chain of events that tend to produce rapid change in the body True False

15. Anatomists over the world adhere to a lexicon of standard international terms, which stipulates both Latin names and accepted English equivalents. True False

16. Feeling structures with your fingertips is called _________, whereas tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities is called ____________ A. palpation; auscultation. B. auscultation; percussion. C. percussion; auscultation. D. palpation; percussion. E. percussion; palpation.

17. ___________________ was the first to publish accurate drawings of the body, and is thus regarded as "the father of modern anatomy." A. Vesalius B. Maimonides C. Harvey D. Aristotle E. van Leeuwenhoek

18. ________________ wrote the most influential medical textbook of the ancient era. A. Hippocrates B. Aristotle C. Galen D. Vesalius E. Avicenna

19. Which of these is the best imaging technique for routinely examining the anatomical development of a fetus? A. auscultation B. PET scan C. MRI D. sonography E. radiography

20. The terms physics, physiology, and physician come from a term that ___ proposed to distinguish natural causes from supernatural causes. A. Hippocrates B. Plato C. Schwann D. Aristotle E. Avicenna

21. The process of using numerous observations to develop general principles and predictions about a specific subject is called A. experimental design. B. deductive method. C. inductive method. D. hypothesis. E. statistical testing.

22. Most people think that ulcers are caused by psychological stress. It was discovered that an acid-resistant bacterium, Heliobacter pylori, lives in the lining of the stomach. If these bacteria cause ulcers, then treatment with an antibiotic should reduce ulcers. This line of investigation is an example of A. hypothetical reasoning. B. hypothetico-deductive reasoning. C. the inductive method. D. experimental design. E. statistical analysis.

23. An educated speculation or a possible answer to a question is called A. scientific method. B. theory. C. law. D. hypothesis. E. fact.

24. The use of controls and statistical testing are two aspects of experimental design that help to ensure A. an adequate sample size. B. objective and reliable results. C. experimental bias. D. psychosomatic effects. E. treatment groups.

25. ______________ is a process that submits a scientist's ideas to the critical judgment of other specialists in the field before the research is funded or published. A. Adjudication B. Statistical testing C. Falsification D. Peer review E. Hypothetico-deductive testing

26. Which of the following would contain the greatest amount of information that scientists consider to be true to the best of their knowledge? A. a fact B. a law of nature C. a hypothesis D. an equation E. a theory

27. The study of structure and function of cells is called A. cytology. B. gross anatomy. C. exploratory physiology. D. comparative physiology. E. radiology.

28. ________________ established a code of ethics for physicians. He is considered the "father of medicine". A. Aristotle B. Hippocrates C. Galen D. Vesalius E. Hooke

29. A new drug apparently increases short-term memory. Students were divided randomly into two groups at the beginning of the semester. One group was given the memory pill once a day for the semester, and the other group was given a same-looking pill, but it was just sugar. The sugar pill is termed a(n) A. controlled pill. B. placebo. C. treatment pill. D. variable. E. effective dose.

30. Two groups of people were tested to determine whether garlic lowers blood cholesterol levels. One group was given 800 mg of garlic powder daily for four months and exhibited an average 12% reduction in the blood cholesterol. The other group was not given any garlic and after four months averaged a 3% reduction in cholesterol. The group that was not given the garlic was the A. peer group. B. test group. C. treatment group. D. control group. E. double-blind group.

31. A change in the genetic composition of a population over time is called A. mutation. B. natural selection. C. selection pressure. D. evolution. E. adaptation.

32. The constant appearance of new strains of influenza virus is an example of A. a model. B. evolution. C. selection pressure. D. survivorship. E. success.

33. The principal theory of how evolution works is called A. natural pressure. B. selective pressure. C. darwinian pressure D. natural adaptation. E. natural selection.

34. Which of the following was an adaptation evolved in connection with human upright walking? A. hair B. thumbs fully opposable C. stereoscopic vision D. color vision E. spinal and pelvic anatomy

35. Stereoscopic vision provides A. opposable perception. B. color perception. C. depth perception. D. bipedalism. E. walking upright.

36. Humans are born before their nervous system have matured, which is traceable to A. their inability to regulate body temperature. B. skeletal adaptations to bipedalism. C. the arboreal habits of early primates. D. the conditions of modern civilization. E. the diet of early species of Homo.

37. Our own species is called A. Homo erectus. B. Homo sapiens. C. Homo habilis. D. early Homo. E. Australopithecus.

38. Most primates are ________________, meaning they live in trees. A. prehensile B. bipedal C. cursorial D. troglodytic E. arboreal

39. An _______________ is composed of two or more tissues types, whereas ____________ are microscopic structures in a cell. A. organ system, organs B. organ system, organelles C. organ, organelles D. organ, molecules E. organelle, molecules

40. This option lists levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest. A. organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system B. organ system, organ, cell, tissue, organelle C. organ system, organelle, tissue, cell, organ D. organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle E. organ, organ system, tissue, cell, organelle

41. This option lists examples of body's structures from the simplest to the most complex A. mitochondrion, connective tissue, protein, stomach, adipocyte (fat cell) B. protein, mitochondrion, adipocyte (fat cell), connective tissue, stomach C. mitochondrion, connective tissue, stomach, protein, adipocyte (fat cell) D. protein, adipocyte (fat cell), stomach, connective tissue, mitochondrion E. protein, stomach, connective tissue, adipocyte (fat cell), mitochondrion

42. A(n) _____________ is a group of similar cells in a discrete region of an organ performing a specific function. A. macromolecule B. organ system C. organelle D. organism E. tissue

43. Taking apart a clock to see how it works is similar to ____________ thinking about human physiology. A. comparative B. evolutionary C. holistic D. inductive E. reductionist

44. _______________ approaches understanding of the human body by studying interactions of its parts. A. naturalism. B. reductionism. C. vitalism. D. holism. E. rationalism.

45. _____________ is the view that not everything about an organism can be understood or predicted from the knowledge of its components; that is, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. A. Naturalism B. Reductionism C. Holism D. Materialism E. Science

46. The fact that most of us have five lumbar vertebrae, but some people have six and some have four is an example of ____________ variation among organisms. A. cellular B. holistic C. physiological D. anatomical E. reductionist

47. _________________ are the simplest body's structures considered alive. A. organ systems B. organs C. cells D. organelles E. molecules

48. All of the following are human organ systems except A. skeletal. B. endocrine. C. epidermal. D. reproductive. E. lymphatic.

49. All of the following are organs except A. teeth. B. skin. C. nails. D. liver. E. digestive system.

50. Metabolism is the sum of A. inhalation and exhalation. B. growth and differentiation. C. anabolism and catabolism. D. positive and negative feedback. E. responsiveness and movement.

51. We live in an ever-changing environment outside of our body, yet our internal conditions remain relatively stable. This is called A. homeostasis. B. metastasis. C. responsiveness. D. adaptation. E. evolution.

52. When you exercise you generate excess heat and your body temperature rises. Blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the body surface, and you lose heat. This exemplifies A. negative feedback. B. positive feedback. C. dynamic equilibrium. D. integration control. E. set point adjustment.

53. When a woman is giving birth, the head of the baby pushes against her cervix and stimulates release of the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin travels in the blood and stimulates the uterus to contract. Labor contractions become more and more intense until the baby is expelled. This is an example of A. negative feedback. B. positive feedback. C. dynamic equilibrium. D. integration control. E. set point adjustment.

54. Which of the following is most likely to cause disease? A. positive feedback B. negative feedback C. homeostasis D. equilibrium E. irritability

55. Blood glucose concentration rises after a meal and stimulates release of the hormone insulin. Insulin travels in the blood and stimulates body cells to uptake glucose from the bloodstream. This reduces blood glucose concentration. This is an example of A. negative feedback. B. positive feedback. C. dynamic equilibrium. D. integration control. E. set point adjustment.

56. The ____________ is defined as a healthy male 22 years old, weighing 70 kg (154 lb), under no environmental stress, and consuming 2,800 kilocalories (kcal) per day; whereas the ________ is the same except for a weight of 58 kg (128 lb) and an intake of 2,000 kcal/day. A. normal man, normal woman B. normal male, normal female C. average man, average woman D. average male, average woman E. reference man, reference woman

57. The change in size of the bone marrow (where blood cells are produced) as an infant matures is an example of __________, whereas the transformation of blood stem cells into white blood cells is an example of __________________ A. development, differentiation. B. growth, development. C. growth, differentiation. D. differentiation, growth. E. differentiation, development.

58. Three common components of a feedback loop are A. a stimulus, an integrating (control) center, and an organ system. B. a stimulus, a receptor, and an integrating (control) center. C. a receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an effector. D. a receptor, an organ, and an organ system. E. a receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an organ system.

59. Negative feedback loops are A. homeostatic. B. not homeostatic. C. associated with "vicious circles". D. self-amplifying cycles. E. harmful.

60. The prefix hypo- means _______________, whereas hyper- means _____________. A. front, back. B. right, left. C. inside, outside. D. clear, dark. E. below, above.

61. The term fallopian tube (uterine tube) is an example of A. a Latin root used in medical terminology. B. the use of prefixes to name an anatomical structure. C. the use of suffixes to name an anatomical structure. D. an eponym. E. an acronym.

62. Hypercalcemia means A. elevated calcium levels in blood. B. lowered calcium levels in bone. C. elevated sodium levels in blood. D. elevated calcium levels in bone. E. lowered calcium levels in the blood.

63. The plural of axilla (armpit) is ____________ whereas the plural of appendix is ___________. A. axillae; appendices. B. axillides; appendages. C. axillies; appendi. D. axilli; appendices.

64. The plural of villus (hair) is ____________ whereas the plural of diagnosis is ____________ A. villuses, diagnosises. B. villi, diagnoses. C. villus, diagnosis. D. villi, diagnosis. E. villuses, diagnosis.

65. The lexicon of standard international anatomical terms A. is called Terminologia Anatomica (TA). B. is called Nomina Anatomica (NA). C. is formed from thousands of English word roots. D. is formed from thousands of Italian word roots. E. is formed from thousands of French word roots.

01 Key 1. Feeling for swollen lymph nodes is an example of auscultation. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #1 Section: 1.1 The Scope of Anatomy and Physiology Topic: General

2. We can see through bones with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #2 Section: 1.1 The Scope of Anatomy and Physiology Topic: General

3. Histology is the study of structures that can be observed without a magnifying lens. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #3 Section: 1.1 The Scope of Anatomy and Physiology Topic: General

4. Cells were first named by microscopist Robert Hooke. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #4 Section: 1.2 The Origins of Biomedical Science Topic: General

5. All functions of the body can be interpreted as the effects of cellular activity. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #5 Section: 1.2 The Origins of Biomedical Science Topic: General

6. The hypothetico-deductive method is common in physiology, whereas the inductive method is common in anatomy. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #6 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

7. An individual scientific fact has more information than a theory. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #7 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

8. Evolutionary (darwinian) medicine traces some of our diseases to our evolutionary past. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #8 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

9. The terms development and evolution have the same meaning in physiology. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #9 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

10. Organs are made of tissues. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #10 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

11. A molecule of water is more complex than a mitochondrion (organelle). FALSE

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #11 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

12. Homeostasis and occupying space are both unique characteristics of living things. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #12 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

13. Positive feedback helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance. FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #13 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

14. Negative feedback is a self-amplifying chain of events that tend to produce rapid change in the body FALSE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #14 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

15. Anatomists over the world adhere to a lexicon of standard international terms, which stipulates both Latin names and accepted English equivalents. TRUE

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #15 Section: 1.7 The Language of Medicine Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #16 Section: 1.1 The Scope of Anatomy and Physiology Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #17 Section: 1.2 The Origins of Biomedical Science Topic: General

18. ________________ wrote the most influential medical textbook of the ancient era. A. Hippocrates B. Aristotle C. Galen D. Vesalius E. Avicenna

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #18 Section: 1.2 The Origins of Biomedical Science Topic: General

19. Which of these is the best imaging technique for routinely examining the anatomical development of a fetus? A. auscultation B. PET scan C. MRI D. sonography E. radiography

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #19 Section: 1.1 The Scope of Anatomy and Physiology Topic: General

20. The terms physics, physiology, and physician come from a term that ___ proposed to distinguish natural causes from supernatural causes. A. Hippocrates B. Plato C. Schwann D. Aristotle E. Avicenna

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #20 Section: 1.2 The Origins of Biomedical Science Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #21 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create Saladin - Chapter 01 #22 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

23. An educated speculation or a possible answer to a question is called A. scientific method. B. theory. C. law. D. hypothesis. E. fact.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #23 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #24 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #25 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #26 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

27. The study of structure and function of cells is called A. cytology. B. gross anatomy. C. exploratory physiology. D. comparative physiology. E. radiology.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #27 Section: 1.1 The Scope of Anatomy and Physiology Topic: General

28. ________________ established a code of ethics for physicians. He is considered the "father of medicine". A. Aristotle B. Hippocrates C. Galen D. Vesalius E. Hooke

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #28 Section: 1.2 The Origins of Biomedical Science Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #29 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #30 Section: 1.3 Scientific Method Topic: General

31. A change in the genetic composition of a population over time is called A. mutation. B. natural selection. C. selection pressure. D. evolution. E. adaptation.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #31 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

32. The constant appearance of new strains of influenza virus is an example of A. a model. B. evolution. C. selection pressure. D. survivorship. E. success.

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #32 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

33. The principal theory of how evolution works is called A. natural pressure. B. selective pressure. C. darwinian pressure D. natural adaptation. E. natural selection.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #33 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

34. Which of the following was an adaptation evolved in connection with human upright walking? A. hair B. thumbs fully opposable C. stereoscopic vision D. color vision E. spinal and pelvic anatomy

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #34 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

35. Stereoscopic vision provides A. opposable perception. B. color perception. C. depth perception. D. bipedalism. E. walking upright.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #35 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #36 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

37. Our own species is called A. Homo erectus. B. Homo sapiens. C. Homo habilis. D. early Homo. E. Australopithecus.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #37 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

38. Most primates are ________________, meaning they live in trees. A. prehensile B. bipedal C. cursorial D. troglodytic E. arboreal

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #38 Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #39 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #40 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #41 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

42. A(n) _____________ is a group of similar cells in a discrete region of an organ performing a specific function. A. macromolecule B. organ system C. organelle D. organism E. tissue

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #42 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

43. Taking apart a clock to see how it works is similar to ____________ thinking about human physiology. A. comparative B. evolutionary C. holistic D. inductive E. reductionist

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #43 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

44. _______________ approaches understanding of the human body by studying interactions of its parts. A. naturalism. B. reductionism. C. vitalism. D. holism. E. rationalism.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #44 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #45 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #46 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

47. _________________ are the simplest body's structures considered alive. A. organ systems B. organs C. cells D. organelles E. molecules

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #47 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

48. All of the following are human organ systems except A. skeletal. B. endocrine. C. epidermal. D. reproductive. E. lymphatic.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #48 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

49. All of the following are organs except A. teeth. B. skin. C. nails. D. liver. E. digestive system.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #49 Section: 1.5 Human Structure Topic: General

50. Metabolism is the sum of A. inhalation and exhalation. B. growth and differentiation. C. anabolism and catabolism. D. positive and negative feedback. E. responsiveness and movement.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #50 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #51 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #52 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #53 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

54. Which of the following is most likely to cause disease? A. positive feedback B. negative feedback C. homeostasis D. equilibrium E. irritability

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #54 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #55 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #56 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze Saladin - Chapter 01 #57 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #58 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

59. Negative feedback loops are A. homeostatic. B. not homeostatic. C. associated with "vicious circles". D. self-amplifying cycles. E. harmful.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #59 Section: 1.6 Human Function Topic: General

60. The prefix hypo- means _______________, whereas hyper- means _____________. A. front, back. B. right, left. C. inside, outside. D. clear, dark. E. below, above.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #60 Section: 1.7 The Language of Medicine Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #61 Section: 1.7 The Language of Medicine Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #62 Section: 1.7 The Language of Medicine Topic: General

63. The plural of axilla (armpit) is ____________ whereas the plural of appendix is ___________. A. axillae; appendices. B. axillides; appendages. C. axillies; appendi. D. axilli; appendices.

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #63 Section: 1.7 The Language of Medicine Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #64 Section: 1.7 The Language of Medicine Topic: General

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Saladin - Chapter 01 #65 Section: 1.7 The Language of Medicine Topic: General

01 Summary Category Difficulty Level: Apply/Analyze

# of Questions 16

Difficulty Level: Evaluate/Create

Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand

Saladin - Chapter 01

Section: 1.1 The Scope of Anatomy and Physiology

Section: 1.2 The Origins of Biomedical Science

Section: 1.3 Scientific Method

Section: 1.4 Human Origins and Adaptations

Section: 1.5 Human Structure

Section: 1.6 Human Function

Section: 1.7 The Language of Medicine

Topic: General

Chapter 02 The Chemistry of Life 1. Minerals are organic elements extracted from the soil by plants. True False

2. Molecules composed of two or more atoms are called compounds. True False

3. Hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium are three isotopes of hydrogen. True False

4. Potassium, sodium, and chlorine are trace elements. True False

5. Ionic bonds break apart in water more easily than covalent bonds do True False

6. A solution is a mixture composed of two or more substances that are physically blended but not chemically combined. True False

7. Blood pH is approximately 7.4, which is slightly acidic. True False

8. The high heat capacity of water makes it a very ineffective coolant. True False

9. In an exchange reaction, covalent bonds are broken and new covalent bonds are formed. True False

10. All the chemical reactions in which larger molecules are broken down to smaller ones are called catabolic reactions. True False

11. The opposite of a dehydration synthesis is a hydrolysis. True False

12. Unsaturated fatty acids have as much hydrogen as they can carry. True False

13. A dipeptide is a molecule with two peptide bonds. True False

14. All amino acids have both a carboxyl group and an amino group attached to a central carbon. True False

15. ATP is the body's most important form of long-term energy storage. True False

16. The most abundant element in the human body, by weight, is A. nitrogen. B. hydrogen. C. carbon. D. oxygen. E. calcium

17. Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and an atomic mass of 23. Sodium has A. 12 neutrons and 11 protons. B. 12 protons and 11 neutrons. C. 12 electrons and 11 neutrons. D. 12 protons and 11 electrons. E. 12 electrons and 11 protons.

18. The chemical properties of an atom are determined by its A. protons. B. electrons. C. neutrons. D. protons and neutrons. E. particles.

19. Sodium, which has an atomic number of 11, will react with chlorine, which has an atomic number of 17. When these two atoms react, both become stable. To become stable, sodium will ____________, while chlorine will ____________. A. accept one electron; give up one electron B. give up one proton; accept one proton C. share one electron with chlorine; share one electron with sodium D. become an anion; become a cation E. give up one electron; accept one electron

20. Consider oxygen, which has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic mass of 16. How many valence electrons does it have? A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 E. 16