Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
America Past and Present, Brief Edition, Volume 2
Edition:
8th Edition
Author(s):
Robert A. Divine T. H. H. Breen George M. Fredrickson R. Hal Williams Ariel J. Gross H. W. A Brands
TEST BANK
AMERICA: PAST AND PRESENT BRIEF EIGHTH EDITION
Robert A. Divine University of Texas
T.H. Breen Northwestern University
George M. Frederickson Late of Stanford University
R. Hal Williams Southern Methodist University
Ariela J. Gross University of Southern California
H.W. Brands University of Texas
Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
Contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32
New World Encounters 1 New World Experiments: England's Seventeenth-Century Colonies 12 Putting Down Roots: Opportunity and Oppression in Colonial Society 24 Experience of Empire: Eighteenth-Century America 38 The American Revolution: From Elite Protest to Popular Revolt, 1763-1783 50 The Republican Experiment 63 Democracy in Distress: The Violence of Party Politics, 1788-1800 76 Republican Ascendancy: The Jeffersonian Vision 89 Nation Building and Nationalism 103 The Triumph of White Men's Democracy 117 Slaves and Masters 130 The Pursuit of Perfection 143 An Age of Expansionism 157 The Sectional Crisis 170 Secession and the Civil War 184 The Agony of Reconstruction 198 The West: Exploiting an Empire 212 The Industrial Society 226 Toward an Urban Society, 1877-1900 239 Political Realignments in the 1890s 253 Toward Empire 268 The Progressive Era 284 From Roosevelt to Wilson in the Age of Progressivism 299 The Nation at War 313 Transition to Modern America 328 Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal 342 America and the World, 1921-1945 356 The Onset of the Cold War 369 Affluence and Anxiety 384 The Turbulent Sixties 397 The Rise of a New Conservatism, 1969-1988 411 To the Twenty-first Century, 1989-2009 425
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America: Past and Present, 8e - Brief Edition (Divine et al.) Chapter 1 New World Encounters 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) The most significant factor that allowed large numbers of nomadic hunters to enter the heart of North America was A) the domestication of horses. B) global warming. C) population growth. D) the search for new food supplies. E) the growing diversity of people. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 2 2) Which of the following revolutionized early Native American cultures? A) the discovery of hunting B) the development of agriculture C) tribal political alliances D) the emergence of a written language E) the domestication of the horse Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 2 3) Cahokia, a large Indian city in what is now Illinois, was built by A) the Mississippians. B) the Anasazs. C) the Adena and Hopewell cultures. D) the Aztecs. E) the Comanches. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3 4) The aggressive Native American people who occupied the valley of Mexico when the Spanish arrived were the A) Mayas. B) Apaches. C) Aztecs. D) Incas. E) Toltecs. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3
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5) By the time Europeans arrived, the peoples of central Mexico had all of the following EXCEPT A) large cities ruled by effective bureaucracies. B) tools and weapons made of iron and bronze. C) hieroglyphic writing. D) an accurate solar calendar. E) a religion which involved human sacrifice. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3 6) The Atlantic tribal group with whom the English had the most contact was called the A) Algonquian. B) Mayan. C) Apache. D) Sioux. E) Cherokee. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 7) The tribes of eastern North America defined their place in society through A) patricide. B) monotheism. C) kinship. D) intertribal marriages. E) land ownership. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 8) What Indians desired most, upon encountering Europeans, was A) cultural enlightenment. B) peaceful trade. C) religious instruction. D) allies to help them defeat their enemies. E) victims for human sacrifice rituals. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5 9) The single greatest factor that caused the destruction of Native Americans after contact with Europeans was A) warfare. B) planned genocide. C) disease. D) forced conversions to Christianity. E) forced removal from tribal lands. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6
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10) In the Columbian Exchange, the Old World and the New exchanged A) animal, plant, and microbial life forms. B) technologies. C) religious beliefs. D) political systems. E) scientific theories. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5 11) Which of the following statements about West Africa during the era of the European slave trade is true? A) Africans were quite isolated from the rest of the world. B) Africans had a simple, self-sufficient economy. C) A single monolithic culture covered most of the African continent. D) Muslim missionaries were having some success in making converts there. E) Africans were united by a single language. Answer: D [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6 12) The first European nation to establish contact with sub-Saharan Africa was A) France. B) Italy. C) the Netherlands. D) Portugal. E) Germany. Answer: D [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 13) The Portuguese explored West Africa searching for A) slaves. B) gold. C) ancient artifacts. D) both A and B E) both B and C Answer: D [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 14) All of the following contributed to the rise of nation-states in Europe in the fifteenth century EXCEPT A) population growth. B) a general prosperity. C) the centralization of political authority under a monarchy. D) feudalism. E) the effects of the Renaissance. Answer: D [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8
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15) Columbus originally was determined to prove that A) a westward water route to China existed. B) the world was not flat. C) the continents of North and South America existed. D) the lost continent of Atlantis was actually part of South America. E) the world was smaller than scientists believed at the time. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 16) At the time of Columbus’s first voyage in 1492, A) most educated Europeans believed the earth was flat. B) no European nation had any interest in exploration. C) most educated Europeans did not believe the earth was flat. D) no one thought he would find anything. E) the Catholic Church condemned this kind of exploration. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 17) The Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494 resulted in A) war between Spain and Portugal. B) Portuguese control of Brazil. C) English control of Canada. D) French control of Martinique. E) the withdrawal of the Spanish from the New World. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 9 18) The men largely responsible for Spain’s conquest of the New World were known as A) conquistadores. B) coureurs de bois. C) “Sea Dogs.” D) condottiere. E) comerciante. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 19) The conquistador of Mexico was A) Bernal Diaz del Castillo. B) Hernán Cortés. C) Vasco de Gama. D) Hernando de Soto. E) Christopher Columbus. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9
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20) In order to better control the conquistadores in the New World, the Spanish government created A) the Inquisition. B) the hacienda. C) the encomienda. D) the missions. E) colonial governments. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 21) Most Spanish colonists were A) wealthy families. B) more racially tolerant than their English counterparts. C) unconcerned about economic opportunities. D) unwilling to have contact with native groups. E) incredibly racist. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10 22) From the beginning of colonization, Spain regarded her New World domain as primarily A) a source of precious metals. B) a place to send exiled Moors and Jews. C) an opportunity to further promote the Catholic faith. D) a supplier of cheap Native American labor to be used on Spanish estates. E) a place to establish penal colonies. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10 23) The first French explorers were A) interested in finding the mythical “northwest passage” to China. B) determined to find gold and silver. C) eager to Christianize the Native Americans. D) ruthless and exploitive of the native peoples. E) considered stupid by the Native Americans. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 24) In their relations with the Native Americans, the French A) were as obsessed with Christian conversion as the Spanish. B) tended to cultivate good relations because of the Native Americans’ knowledge of fur trapping. C) were ruthless in their treatment of the Native Americans. D) drove them from their land in order to set up plantations. E) were at a distinct disadvantage. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11
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25) The financial success of the French empire in North America depended upon the A) fur trade. B) complete annihilation of the Native American tribes in Canada. C) discovery of huge amounts of gold. D) Armada. E) withdrawal of the Spanish. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11 26) Geographically, the French claimed and settled A) the Southwest. B) the entire Atlantic seaboard. C) the Mississippi Valley and Canada. D) Brazil. E) the Southeast. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 27) Which of the following is NOT related to the French experience in the New World? A) the fur trade B) Samuel de Champlain C) encomiendas D) coureurs de bois E) lack of royal support for colonizing efforts Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 28) Whose voyages established English claims in North America? A) Richard Hakluyt B) Sir Walter Raleigh C) John Cabot D) Henry VII E) Jacques Cartier Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 29) What sixteenth-century European upheaval had a profound impact upon England’s settlement of the New World? A) the Crusades B) the War of the Roses C) the Reformation D) the Hundred Years’ War E) the experience of the Marian exiles Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11
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30) All of the following provided a basis for the Reformation in England EXCEPT A) popular disaffection for the Catholic Church. B) intense anticlericalism. C) a literate and devout clergy. D) Henry VIII’s desire for total control of state and church. E) resentment of paying money to Rome. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11-12 31) The first Bible written in English was published in A) 1520. B) 1529. C) 1530. D) 1539. E) 1540. Answer: D [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 12 32) After the death of Henry VIII, A) his son ruled wisely and fairly. B) militant Protestants pushed for further reforms. C) Mary Tudor continued leading the Reformation. D) little change occurred for the people. E) there were no Catholics in England. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 12 33) Elizabeth I was the daughter of Henry VIII and A) Catherine of Aragon. B) Jane Seymour. C) Elizabeth of York. D) Lady Jane Grey. E) Anne Boleyn. Answer: E [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 12 34) Which of the following individuals was responsible for starting the Protestant Revolt in Europe? A) Henry Tudor B) Martin Luther C) John Calvin D) John Foxe E) Elizabeth I Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11
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35) The most influential early theologian to build on the ideas of Martin Luther was A) Henry VIII. B) Oliver Cromwell. C) John Calvin. D) Mary Tudor. E) Elizabeth I. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11 36) According to the religious philosophy of John Calvin and his followers, A) women and men were saved by a combination of faith and works. B) humans had total control over their destinies. C) God controlled who would receive salvation. D) humans should accept their faith and merely exist on earth. E) Hell did not exist. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11 37) The English monarch responsible for consolidating the Protestant Reformation and restoring English nationalism was A) Henry VII. B) Henry VIII. C) Elizabeth I. D) Mary Tudor. E) James I. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 12-13 38) The mission of the Spanish Armada was to A) suppress a revolt in the Netherlands. B) defend Queen Elizabeth I of England against challenges to her rule. C) eliminate Queen Elizabeth I and make England a Catholic country. D) replace Queen Elizabeth I with Mary Queen of Scots. E) get revenge against the English for their seizure of Spanish treasure galleons. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 39) The English rehearsed for settlement in the New World by colonizing A) Scotland. B) Jamaica. C) Ireland. D) Wales. E) the Virgin Islands. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13
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40) English territory in the New World was initially named after the epithet of A) Walter Raleigh. B) Henry VIII. C) Elizabeth I. D) Richard Hakluyt. E) Richard Grenville. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 41) The first colonization efforts undertaken by the English in the New World were largely the schemes of A) the Crown. B) wealthy gentlemen. C) Italians acting on behalf of the English monarch. D) Parliament. E) fleeing Catholics. Answer: B [Factual] Diff: 2 Page Ref: 13 42) In the 1580s, the English attempted to make a settlement at A) Jamestown. B) Newfoundland. C) Roanoke. D) Plymouth. E) Hatteras. Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 43) The sponsor of the failed Roanoke colony was A) Walter Raleigh. B) Francis Drake. C) Humphrey Gilbert. D) Richard Hakluyt. E) Richard Grenville. Answer: A [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 44) Who developed strong arguments for England’s continued efforts at colonizing the New World, despite early failures? A) Humphrey Gilbert B) Walter Raleigh C) Richard Hakluyt D) Francis Drake E) Arthur Barlow Answer: C [Factual] Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14
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1.2 True/False Questions 1) The cultures of the different groups of Native Americans in North America were remarkably similar. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 [Factual] 2) Native American women were more likely than men to join Christian churches during the colonial period. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6 [Factual] 3) African and Native American cultures had little in common. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 6 [Factual] 4) No diseases native to the New World affected European society as a result of exploration and colonization. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6 [Factual] 5) More Africans than Europeans came to the Americas in the seventeenth century. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7 [Factual] 6) Christopher Columbus was probably the first European to set foot in the New World. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 [Factual] 7) The Spanish Armada established Spain’s dominance in the New World. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 [Factual] 8) For Spain, the American colonies were a source of great economic wealth. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 [Factual] 1.3 Essay Questions 1) Compare the cultures that could be found in the New World prior to the Europeans. Why were some groups more advanced than others throughout the same region? Diff: 2 Page Ref: 2-4 [Factual and Conceptual] 2) Describe the process by which early Portuguese traders acquired slaves in West Africa. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 [Factual]
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3) Describe the social, economic, and political changes that occurred in Europe and led to exploration and colonization of the New World. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7-8 [Factual] 4) Why did England colonize the New World later than the rest of Europe? What political and religious conditions had created a century of conflict in England? What factors finally pushed the English west, across the ocean? Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11-14 [Conceptual] 5) Compare the experience of the French, Spanish, and English in colonizing the New World. What common perception of the region did they share? Discuss the differences in their relationship with Native Americans. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8-13 [Factual and Conceptual]
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America: Past and Present, 8e - Brief Edition (Divine et al.) Chapter 2 New World Experiments: England’s Seventeenth-Century Colonies 2.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) English settlers in seventeenth-century America could be characterized best in terms of their A) striking social diversity. B) similarity to French and Spanish migrants of the same period. C) unity of purpose and motivation. D) desire to help each other. E) homogeneity. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 15 [Conceptual] 2) Which one of the following was NOT a factor that stimulated English migration to the New World? A) religious disagreements in England B) poverty or the fear of falling into poverty C) a desire for land ownership D) government laws that forced the migration of the poorer classes E) rapid population growth Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 15 [Conceptual] 3) Upon arriving in the New World, English settlers A) quickly abandoned English beliefs and values. B) generally adapted old beliefs to the new environment. C) rarely were forced to significantly change their old English ways. D) usually adopted the customs of the local Indian tribes as a way to survive. E) immediately focused on converting the Native Americans. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16-17 [Factual] 4) To resolve the problem of the vast expenses New World settlement required, English merchant-capitalists introduced the concept of A) proprietorship. B) primogeniture. C) the joint-stock company. D) feudalism. E) mercantilism. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 [Factual]
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5) The joint-stock company A) required large capital investment. B) promised immense wealth to investors. C) encouraged investment in colonial enterprises, without fear of bankruptcy. D) was not required to obtain a royal charter. E) proved to be a failure in providing capital for colonization. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16 [Factual] 6) The selection of a site for Jamestown was primarily based on the settlers’ A) fear of surprise attacks. B) desire for a healthful place to live. C) belief that friendly Indians lived nearby. D) need for close proximity to the open ocean. E) fear of diseases in the swamps. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 [Factual] 7) The ________ Company was responsible for the settlement of Jamestown in Virginia. A) New England B) Royal African C) Virginia D) American E) New World Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 [Factual] 8) Jamestown might have gone the way of Roanoke had it not been for the perseverance of A) John Winthrop. B) Captain John Smith. C) Pocahontas. D) Richard Hakluyt. E) Cotton Mather. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 [Factual] 9) The first three years of Jamestown’s history witnessed A) terrible hardship and suffering. B) the discovery of gold and silver. C) successful attempts at growing many profitable crops. D) the establishment of a representative form of government. E) the erection of the first Christian church in North America. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 [Factual]
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A tobacco company advertisement from 1659, lauding the drug as a medical “panacea.” Tobacco became one of the leading cash crops of the early colonies. (Library of Congress) 10) Examine the advertisement shown above, which was printed in London in 1659. The product shown proved to be the economic salvation of which colony? A) Massachusetts Bay Colony B) Georgia C) New York D) Jamestown E) Plymouth Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17-18 [Factual] 11) The man who taught Virginians how to grow tobacco was A) Captain John Smith. B) Powhatan. C) John Rolfe. D) Sir Edwin Sandys. E) the Duke of Marlboro. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 [Factual]
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12) The attitude of King James I toward tobacco A) demonstrated his concern for the health of his people. B) showed that, in the end, he valued revenue more than good health. C) changed very little during the course of his reign. D) was strongly influenced by his own habit of smoking. E) was influenced by its religious usage. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17 [Factual] 13) After 1618, the Virginia Company’s principal means of attracting new settlers was A) the granting of religious freedom. B) liberal suffrage requirements. C) a system of land grants. D) payment of passage by the company. E) impressment. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 [Factual] 14) Under the “headright” system in Virginia, A) every adult male could vote. B) every child was guaranteed a primary education. C) all new arrivals who had paid their trans-Atlantic fares received fifty-acre land grants. D) new immigrants were guaranteed a year’s provisions. E) every new settler was entitled to one slave. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 [Factual] 15) Indentured servants A) were working off the cost of their passage to America. B) all served the same number of years regardless of age or experience. C) had no more legal rights than slaves. D) received grants of land when their terms were up. E) usually lived long enough to complete their terms of service. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 [Factual] 16) Those who migrated to the Chesapeake Bay area as indentured servants were A) usually from the dregs of English society. B) English farmers who saw a better future in the New World. C) normally single males. D) married individuals who came with their families. E) generally convicted criminals who traded jail time in England for indentures. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 [Factual]
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17) After 1618, the Virginia colonists were allowed to elect a representative assembly known as the A) House of Burgesses. B) House of Commons. C) House of Representatives. D) House of Delegates. E) General Court. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 [Factual] 18) In 1622, the Native American tribes of Virginia A) attacked the English settlements. B) formed an alliance with the Native American tribes of New England. C) established permanently good relations with the English settlers. D) learned from the English settlers how to grow tobacco. E) migrated westward to avoid future contact with settlers. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 [Factual] 19) In 1624, Virginia became A) an independent commonwealth. B) a proprietary colony. C) a royal colony. D) part of Maryland. E) the primary destination for female settlers. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 [Factual] 20) The most important institution of local government in colonial Virginia was the A) parish vestry. B) Anglican church. C) county court. D) House of Burgesses. E) Virginia Company board of directors. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 [Factual] 21) The first capital of colonial Maryland was A) Annapolis. B) Jamestown. C) Baltimore. D) St. Mary’s City. E) Williamsburg. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 [Factual]
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22) The individual largely responsible for Maryland’s settlement was A) Sir George Calvert. B) William Penn. C) Sir Edwin Penn. D) Richard Hakluyt. E) Sir Walter Raleigh. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 19 [Factual] 23) Initially, Lord Baltimore intended that Maryland be a haven for A) Quakers. B) Puritans. C) Catholics. D) Baptists. E) Separatists. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 19 [Factual] 24) Lord Baltimore’s settlement in Maryland A) became a successful feudal outpost in America. B) declared war on Virginia in 1639. C) never succeeded in becoming a feudal society. D) became a haven for persecuted Protestants. E) was a total failure. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 19 [Factual] 25) Unlike their southern counterparts, the first Englishmen who established colonies in New England were A) in search of land and riches. B) religious refugees. C) Catholic missionaries. D) wealthy aristocrats, hoping to establish a feudal system in America. E) commercial traders. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 19 [Factual] 26) The Pilgrims, who left Holland to settle in America, A) were non-Separatists. B) did so because they believed that their way of life was being undermined by the ways of their Dutch hosts. C) had few alternatives because they were being harassed by the Dutch government. D) arrived in Virginia, even though their destination was Massachusetts Bay. E) were Catholic radicals. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 19 [Factual]
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27) The document in which the Pilgrims established a civil government for their Plymouth colony has become known as the A) Bill of Rights. B) Mayflower Compact. C) Statement of Principles. D) Cambridge Agreement. E) Plymouth Agreement. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 19 [Factual] 28) Seventeenth-century English Puritans A) were only a tiny minority of all Englishmen. B) were individuals committed to significant institutional change. C) were firmly supportive of the status quo. D) accepted the tenets of Catholicism with only a few reservations. E) were neurotic and self-righteous. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17 [Factual] 29) King Charles I disbanded Parliament in 1629 because he could not deal with intense criticism from the A) Puritans. B) Baptists. C) Catholics. D) Anglicans. E) Presbyterians. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 [Factual] 30) The Puritans of Massachusetts Bay believed that the best way to reform the Church of England was to A) separate from it and reform it from the outside. B) rely on help from the English monarchy. C) separate from it. D) refuse to associate with it in any way. E) actively work to destroy the tenets with which they disagreed. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 20 [Factual] 31) In Massachusetts Bay, “freeman” status was granted to adult males who A) were Congregationalists. B) were no longer indentured servants. C) owned land. D) agreed to abide by the colony’s legal codes. E) were married. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 [Factual] 18 .
32) Because of its policy of religious toleration, ________ attracted unusual numbers of independent-minded people. A) Maryland B) Connecticut C) Pennsylvania D) New York E) Rhode Island Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 [Factual] 33) In 1636, authorities in Massachusetts Bay banished Roger Williams because A) of his conversion to Roman Catholicism. B) of his bitter hostility toward the Native Americans. C) of his defense of Native American rights and demand for separation of church and state. D) of his desire to launch a new colony in Connecticut. E) of his crass pursuit of profit. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 [Factual] 34) Puritan dissenter Roger Williams established the colony of A) New York. B) Connecticut. C) Rhode Island. D) Maryland. E) New Jersey. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 [Factual] 35) Anne Hutchinson’s skillful self-defense at her trial before the magistrates of Massachusetts Bay was ruined by A) her affinity for the dictum of works. B) her claim of personal revelation. C) her reliance on the Scriptures. D) her rejection of free grace. E) the fact that she was female. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 [Factual] 36) The English takeover of New Netherland (which was subsequently renamed New York) A) had little immediate effect on the colony. B) was followed by the expulsion of the Dutch. C) led to the prompt creation of a legislature. D) met with armed resistance by the Dutch. E) sparked a war between the English and the Dutch. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 23 [Factual]
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37) Seventeenth-century Quakers were known for their A) aggressive and overbearing personalities. B) belief in personal humility and pacifism. C) concept of predestination. D) unwillingness to seek the conversion of other individuals to their faith. E) belief in the necessity of an educated clergy. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 24 [Factual] 38) William Penn guaranteed the commercial success of Philadelphia by purchasing A) Delaware. B) Maryland. C) Connecticut. D) New Jersey. E) New Hampshire. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 24 [Factual] 39) The man most responsible for the survival of Carolina was A) James Oglethorpe. B) John Winthrop. C) Captain John Smith. D) William Penn. E) Anthony Ashley Cooper. Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 25 [Factual] 40) Large numbers of the first English settlers in the Carolinas came from A) Ireland. B) Barbados. C) Rhode Island. D) Jamaica. E) the Virgin Islands. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 26 [Factual] 41) The main staple of the Carolina colonies’ economy by the close of the seventeenth century was A) rice. B) cotton. C) tobacco. D) timber. E) indigo. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 26 [Factual]
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42) The colony of Pennsylvania was established as a religious sanctuary for A) Puritans. B) Catholics. C) Baptists. D) Quakers. E) Presbyterians. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 [Factual] 43) To its founding leaders, ________ would be a “City on a Hill.” A) Massachusetts B) Rhode Island C) Connecticut D) Maryland E) Pennsylvania Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 [Factual] 44) Which one of the following individuals is INCORRECTLY associated with the colony he established? A) John Smith/Virginia B) George Calvert/Pennsylvania C) Roger Williams/Rhode Island D) John Winthrop/Massachusetts E) Sir George Carteret/New Jersey Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 15-25 [Factual] 45) A feudal land system was associated with which one of the following colonies? A) Plymouth B) Rhode Island C) New Jersey D) Massachusetts E) Maryland Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 19 [Factual] 46) In which one of the following were religious reasons the least important in explaining the founding of that colony? A) Massachusetts B) Rhode Island C) Maryland D) Virginia E) Pennsylvania Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 [Factual]
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47) In which one of the following colonies was the death rate for the early colonists the most severe? A) Massachusetts B) New York C) Rhode Island D) Virginia E) Pennsylvania Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16 [Factual] 48) Which of the following was a New England colony? A) South Carolina B) Connecticut C) New Jersey D) Maryland E) Pennsylvania Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 [Factual] 2.2 True/False Questions 1) The only major factor behind the migration of thousands of English men and women to the New World was the intense and greedy desire for money. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 19-20 [Factual] 2) The lives of New Englanders differed considerably from those of their Chesapeake counterparts. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 19 [Factual] 3) Because of New York’s ethnic diversity, the English cautiously asserted their hegemony over the area. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 23 [Factual] 4) William Penn went to great lengths to make Pennsylvania into an efficient and prosperous colony. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 24 [Factual] 5) From its very inception, the Jamestown colony was a success. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16 [Factual]
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6) The Puritans were a highly neurotic religious group that condemned liquor and sex. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 [Factual] 7) The Fundamental Orders were the blueprint for government in colonial Connecticut. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 22 [Factual] 8) The Dutch were the first to establish a colony in Maryland. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18-19 [Factual] 2.3 Essay Questions 1) Describe the nature of England’s first colonial settlement, Jamestown, as it evolved from a floundering, haphazard enterprise to a stable community. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-18 [Factual and Conceptual] 2) Compare and contrast the English colonies of the Chesapeake with their counterparts at Massachusetts Bay. What were their similarities and their differences? Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-22 [Factual and Conceptual] 3) Describe the Puritans. What were their beliefs? Why did they leave England for Massachusetts Bay? What did they hope to accomplish in the New World? How did the dynamics of their faith affect their New World existence? Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18-20 [Factual and Conceptual] 4) Explain how the economies and social structures of New England, the Chesapeake, and the middle colonies differed from one another. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-25 [Factual and Conceptual] 5) In what ways was Pennsylvania unique in colonial America? What role did religion play in explaining that uniqueness? Diff: 2 Page Ref: 24-25 [Factual and Conceptual]
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America: Past and Present, 8e - Brief Edition (Divine et al.) Chapter 3 Putting Down Roots: Opportunity and Oppression in Colonial Society 3.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) The character of the first English settlements in the New World A) remained remarkably similar throughout the seventeenth century. B) differed from colony to colony because of government rules. C) differed substantially from colony to colony from the very beginning of colonization. D) was determined primarily by the religious preference of each colony. E) was not significantly influenced by geography. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 29 [Conceptual] 2) By 1700, the population of New England had reached ________ people. A) 10,000 B) 120,000 C) 1,000,000 D) 1,200,000 E) 3,000,000 Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 30 [Factual] 3) The society created by Puritans in New England A) copied the social order they had left behind in England. B) was modeled on contemporary Dutch society. C) represented a near-total rejection of traditional English ways. D) was quite similar to that of the Chesapeake region. E) adapted to include slavery. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 30 [Factual] 4) Puritans viewed which of the following as essential to their New England commonwealth? A) strict adherence to personal hygiene measures B) a flexible form of colonial administration C) a healthy family life D) the rapid creation of an urban society in New England E) honest public officials Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 30 [Factual]
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5) The explanation for the tremendous population growth of seventeenth-century New England can be found in the A) extraordinary fertility of New England women. B) emphasis Puritans placed on having large families. C) fact that local Native American tribes were remarkably friendly. D) long lives of New England settlers. E) agricultural richness of the New World. Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 30 [Factual] 6) New England families were unique because of the presence of A) Native American wives. B) grandparents. C) polygamy. D) widows. E) extended families living in one household. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 30 [Factual] 7) The Half-Way Covenant of seventeenth-century New England A) lessened, somewhat, the requirements for baptism as a Congregationalist. B) made it significantly harder to practice Puritan teachings. C) applied primarily to the property rights of New England settlers. D) allowed the admission of slaves and Indians to Congregationalism. E) allowed unmarried males to participate in the Congregational Church. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 31 [Conceptual]
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Reading Lesson, c. 1660 (The New York Public Library) The Old Deluder Satan Law of 1647 “It being one chiefe project of that old deluder, Satan, to keepe men from the knowledge of the scriptures, .... It is therefore ordered .... [that] after the Lord hath increased [the settlement] to the number of fifty howshoulders (households), [they] shall forthwith appoint one within theire towne, to teach all such children as shall resorte to him, to write and read ... . 8) Examine the woodcut print and the quotation given above. Based upon the information provided in both, which colony was probably the origin of these two primary source documents? A) Pennsylvania B) Jamestown C) the Carolinas D) New York E) Massachusetts Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 30-31 [Conceptual] 9) The first institution of higher learning founded in England’s mainland colonies was A) Yale. B) William and Mary. C) Princeton. D) Brown. E) Harvard. Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 31 [Factual]
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