Focus On Health - August 23, 2018

A SUPPLEMENT TO TIMES BEACON RECORD NEWS MEDIA • AUGUST 23, 2018

Focus on Health

• Childhood obesity month • Orthodontics is not just for the young • Blue light impacts vision • Keeping your family pet healthy • Cyberbullying and its effects

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PAGE S2 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • AUGUST 23, 2018

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Many people choose their clothes based largely on their own unique fashion sense. But the clothes people wear can serve a greater purpose than broadcasting their sense of style to the world. The Skin Cancer Foundation notes that clothing is the first line of defense against the sun’s harmful ultraviolet, or UV, rays. The right clothing can absorb and block UV radiation and the SCF recommends wearing such attire as part of an effective sun protection regimen. When purchasing clothing, consumers are urged to determine each article’s ultraviolet protection factor, or UPF. The UPF factor indicates what fraction of the sun’s UVA and UVB radiation can penetrate the fabric and reach the skin. Clothing with a UPF of 50 will only allow

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1/50th of the sun’s UV radiation to reach the skin. The UPF rating system is relatively new, so consumers in North America may not find UPF ratings listed on the labels of clothing they typically purchase from their favorite retailers.

In addition, the sun protective clothing industry in North America is self-regulated, which means some, but not all, manufacturers’ claims regarding the safety of their clothing may be dubious. However, consumers concerned about the safety of the clothing they wear when spending time in the sun can speak with dermatologists about finding clothing manufacturers with strong reputations of producing sun protective clothing that can protect them from the sun’s UV rays.

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AUGUST 23, 2018 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • PAGE S3

Focus on health

Childhood obesity month: What parents should know

Public health problem

Children with obesity are at higher risk for having other chronic health conditions and diseases, such as asthma, sleep apnea, bone and joint problems, and Type 2 diabetes. They also have more risk factors for heart disease like high blood pressure and high cholesterol than their normal weight peers.

Children with obesity can be bullied and teased more than their normal weight peers. They are also more likely to suffer from social isolation, depression, and lower self-esteem.

Children with obesity are more likely to have obesity as adults. This can lead to lifelong physical

• Easy access to inexpensive, high-calorie foods and sugary beverages • Lack of access to affordable, healthier foods

Prevention CDC

With September slated as National Childhood Obesity Month the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has some suggestions on ways to promote healthy growth in children and prevent obesity.

About 17 percent of children in the United States are considered obese, the CDC says. Certain groups of children are more affected than others, and while there is no simple solution, there are many ways communities can support children with their journey to good health.

Community effort is needed to combat childhood obesity.

and mental health problems. Adult obesity is associated with a higher risk of Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and many types of cancers.

Influencing factors

Many factors can have an impact on childhood obesity, including eating and physical activity behaviors, genetics, metabolism, family and home environment and community and social factors. For some children and families, obesity may be influenced by the following: • Too much time spent being inactive • Lack of sleep • Lack of places to go in the community to get physical activity

To help ensure that children have a healthy weight, energy balance is important. There are many things parents can do to help their children achieve a healthy weight and maintain it.

Be aware of your child’s growth. Learn how obesity is measured in children, and use CDC’s Child and Teen BMI Calculator to screen your child for potential weight issues.

Provide nutritious, lower-calorie foods such as fruits and vegetables in place of foods high in added sugars and solid fats. Try serving more fruit and vegetables at meals and as snacks.

Make sure drinking water is always available as a no-calorie alternative to sugary beverages and limit juice intake. Help children get the recommended amount of physical activity each day.

Be a role model! Eat healthy meals and snacks, and get the right amount of physical activity every day.

Team effort

We can all take part in the effort to encourage

children to be more physically active and eat a healthy diet.

State and local health departments, businesses and community groups can: • Ensure that neighborhoods have low-cost physical activity opportunities such as parks, trails and community centers.

• Offer easy access to safe, free drinking water and healthy, affordable food options.

Health care providers can: • Measure children’s weight, height and body mass index routinely.

• Connect or refer families to breastfeeding support services, nutrition education or childhood healthy weight programs as needed.

Early care and education centers and schools can: • Adopt policies and practices that support healthy eating, regular physical activity and limited screen time.

• Provide opportunities for students to learn about and practice these behaviors.

Working together, we all have a role in making healthier foods, beverages and physical activity the easy choice for children and adolescents to help prevent childhood obesity.

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PAGE S4 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • AUGUST 23, 2018

Focus on health

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Need a root canal? Here’s what you can expect

Procrastinating in regard to maintaining teeth and gums can prove harmful. Regular dental checkups and cleanings can reduce discomfort and expose conditions before they become especially problematic.

Root canal is one treatment men and women fear when going to the dentist. But root canals are often less painful than the symptoms that require they be performed.

A root canal is an endodontic therapy that can treat and save teeth. The American Association of Endodontists says root canal treats inflammation or infection in the roots of a tooth.

This procedure enables dentists to save a tooth rather than extract it.

WebMD explains that, during a root canal, the nerve and pulp of the tooth are removed from the inside. If the tooth’s nerve or pulp chamber is damaged, it can eventually break down and bacteria can begin to form within. The most common causes of pulp inflammation or infection are a cracked or chipped tooth, a deep cavity or filling or another serious injury to the tooth. All of these can allow bacteria to enter the pulp. Debris and bacteria can lead to infection or an abscessed tooth. Abscesses can form at the ends of the tooth roots. Swelling, pain, bone loss and drainage into the gums may occur if a root canal is not performed.

The AAE says that people may avoid root canal treatment because they fear it is too painful. However, with modern technology and

anesthetic medications, the pain that results from root canal is on par with having a cavity filled. Damaged tissues in the tooth and the severe toothache that ensues if root canal is not performed is generally much more severe than anything that occurs during the procedure.

Patients who are worried about discomfort can speak with their dentists about pain management. In addition to anesthetic injections, some dentists specialize in medical sedation that can further calm patients’ nerves during procedures.

The American Dental Association says this is what people can expect during a root canal.

• The tooth is numbed for comfort.

• A thin sheet of latex rubber is placed over the tooth to keep it dry and an opening is made through the crown of the tooth.

• The nerve or pulp is removed. The excavated canal is then cleaned and shaped.

• Medicine may be placed in the pulp chamber to deter bacterial growth.

• The root canal is then filled with a rubberlike material to seal it. A metal or plastic rod or post may be placed in the canal to help retain the filling material so it can properly support the tooth.

• A temporary filling is placed in the tooth.

During a subsequent treatment, the temporary filling will be replaced with a permanent crown or filling.

Root canals are nothing to fear. Such procedures are routine and generally produce little to no pain.

AUGUST 23, 2018 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • PAGE S5

Focus on health

Monitor screen time to prevent vision damage can lead to difficulty focusing, premature aging of the eyes and even damage to retinal cells.

A recent study by the National Eye Institute found the frequency of myopia, also known as near-sightedness, has increased exponentially in the last few years. Reasons include a spike in time spent looking at things close-up and a lack of outdoor activities that require focusing elsewhere. The American Academy of Pediatrics notes that a separate study recently found that excessive screen time usage in adolescents was associated with development of acute onset esotropia, or crossing of the eyes, and that limiting usage of gadgets decreased the degree of eye crossing in these patients.

Eyes, just like any other muscle, require a varied workout to remain healthy. Many vision experts recommend the 20-20-20 rule. According to this rule, for every 20 minutes of looking at a screen, a person should look away at an object 20 feet away for 20 seconds or more. This will help eye muscles to relax. The group All About Vision says to use proper lighting, such as ambient lighting. Position a computer monitor so that windows or lights are to the sides instead

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According to a 2015 report published in the Daily Mail, many people spend more time on their devices than they do sleeping. A recent Nielsen Company audience report also found that adults in the United States devote about 10 hours and 40 minutes each day to consuming media on their personal computers, tablets, multimedia devices, TVs and more.

Researchers continue to study the effects of screen time on personal health, but there is reason to believe that screen time may be especially harmful to vision. Devices force the eyes to focus at near range, and over time that can have an adverse effect on vision.

Prevent Blindness America says that eye fatigue, dryness and blurred vision are some of the common effects of prolonged screen use, but these are not the only concerns. Digital devices also expose the eyes to blue light. While research as to how blue light impacts vision is ongoing, there is concern over the long-term effects of screen exposure since these screens are in close proximity to the eyes and use is often prolonged.

Prevent Blindness America says that studies suggest continued exposure to blue light over time

Limiting time looking at electronic screens is critical to vision health.

of in front or behind it. Be sure indoor light isn’t too bright, as bright light can contribute to glare and fatigue.

Antireflective lenses on eyeglasses or filters for screens also can help absorb some of the blue light and limit how much reaches the retina and accesses the central nerve of the eye. This may

alleviate digital eye strain as well. Screen users may want to adjust the display of their devices so they feature a cool, gray tone, which produces less glare.

Eyes can be adversely affected by screen time unless strategies are implemented to limit strain and to rest muscles.

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PAGE S6 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • AUGUST 23, 2018

Focus on health

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When the weather warms, yards beckon, hiking trails look even more inviting and even a patch of grass can be a welcoming respite.

Lots of fun can be had outside, but caution is needed. While this time of year is prime for outdoor frolicking, it’s also a time when tick populations explode.

Ticks are small crawling bugs in the arachnid (spider) family. There are hundreds of different kinds of ticks in the world. The Canadian Lyme Disease Foundation says there are at least 40 species of tick in Canada alone.

The creature subsists on meals of blood from a host animal.

Ticks can carry bacteria, viruses and other pathogens that can cause serious disease in humans and other animals, states LymeDisease. org. Ticks feed and mate mostly on deer, but rodents, birds, lizards and just about any other animal can be a host to these nondiscriminatory bugs. Animals carry the diseases, which are then passed through the tick to others.

Disease-spreading ticks can be extremely hard to detect because of their diminutive size, especially when they are in the larva or nymph stages. Therefore, preventing tick bites remains the single-best way to stay ahead of Lyme disease and other illnesses. Understanding tick habitats and behavior can make it easier to avoid them.

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Beware of ticks when outdoors

Where to find ticks

Ticks will congregate anywhere the animals they feed upon live. Primarily they are

located in wooded and grassy areas. Adults will climb up on tall grass waiting for a host to pass by so they can climb aboard. Nymphs and larvae will live in layers of decomposing leaves under trees.

Moisture is a friend to ticks, which are less active in sunny, dry areas. Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says removing leaf litter, clearing tall grasses and brush and mowing the lawn frequently can help. The following are additional ways to create tick-safe zones at home.

• Stack wood neatly in a dry area.

• Keep playground equipment and entertaining spaces away from trees and yard edges.

• Discourage unwanted animals with fencing.

• Prevent tick migration into yards with a three-foot-wide barrier of gravel between lawns and wooded areas.

• If desired, employ acaricides (tick pesticides) to reduce the number of ticks in your yard.

On the go

When enjoying the great outdoors, avoid tall grasses and stay on trails. Wear tall socks or pants during hikes to prevent ticks from latching on. A thorough inspection of the body is advisable each time people return indoors. Check hidden areas, such as behind the knees, under the arms and in other skin-fold areas, for ticks.

Tick populations grow as the weather warms. Ensure spring and summer fun is not dampened by tick-related illness.

AUGUST 23, 2018 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • PAGE S7

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PAGE S8 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • AUGUST 23, 2018

HELPING YOU NAVIGATE TO OPTIMAL HEALTH

David Dunaief, M.D. Integrative Medicine

• A Whole Body Approach • Reversing, Preventing & Treating Chronic Disease and Managing Weight by Connecting Conventional Medicine with Lifestyle Modifications Our Philosophy is simple.

We believe wellness is derived through nutritional medicine and lifestyle interventions that prevent and treat chronic diseases.

Medications have their place - and in some cases can be lifesaving.

However, there’s no medication without side effects. The goal should be to limit the need for medications - or minimize the number of medications you take on a regular basis.

You are not limited by your genes.

Fortunately, most diseases are based primarily on epigenetics, which are environmental influences, and not on genetics. Epigenetics literally means above or around the gene. In epigenetics, lifestyle choices impact gene expression. Just because your first degree relatives may have had a disease, you are not predestined to follow suit.

We are specialists who will partner with your primary care physician.

A standard medical education does not integrate enough nutritional medicine and other lifestyle interventions. We bridge that gap.

We use evidence-based medicine to guide our decision-making.

The amount of research related to nutrition and other lifestyle issues continues to grow rapidly, with many studies showing significant beneficial effects on health.

We treat each patient as an individual.

We will work with you to develop a plan that allows you to take a proactive role in managing your own health. The health outcomes are worth the effort.

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Preventing and Reversing Chronic Conditions and Diseases Including: High Blood Pressure • High Cholesterol/Triglycerides Heart Disease • Stroke • Diabetes Type 1 and Type 2 Obesity • Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) Rheumatoid Arthritis • Hypothyroid • Hyperthyroid Lupus • Multiple Sclerosis • Sjogren’s Syndrome Raynaud’s Syndrome • Inflammatory Bowel Disease Ulcerative Colitis • Crohn’s Disease • Psoriatic Arthritis Celiac Disease • Psoriasis • Sarcoidosis “I lost 135 lbs and have kept it off for several years with the guidance, recipes and encouragement that Dr. Dunaief has provided. Also my inflammation has been reduced significantly. This means I was able to stop my two immunosuppressives for rheumatoid arthritis. I have no more pain or swelling in my joints and can move my fingers normally. This is a surreal experience.

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AUGUST 23, 2018 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • PAGE S9

Focus on health With emergence of new technologies, people of all ages are choosing braces Braces have evolved considerably over the years. With new technologies available, plus an acknowledgment that braces are a necessity for people of various ages and not just children, patients of all ages are choosing orthodontic procedures to give themselves healthy smiles.

Keys to pet health

Early braces

Why braces?

Braces were once considered a cosmetic procedure only. Dentists today recognize that correcting misaligned

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Orthodontic treatment in some shape or form has been around since 1000 BC. Studies of exhumed Egyptian mummies found that some Egyptians were buried with crude metal bands around their teeth, and archaeologists belive a material may have been tied to these bands to provide pressure to move the teeth. Ancient Romans and Greeks wrote about bringing newly emerging teeth into proper position by pushing them with fingers.

Pierre Fauchard is considered the father of dentistry and a pioneer in the field of orthodontics. Fauchard invented the bandeau, which was a horseshoe-shaped strip of metal with regularly spaced holes to fit around teeth and correct their alignment, states Colgate Oral Care Center.

Nowadays, braces have evolved even further, with millions of people choosing from the various types of braces to correct dental problems. The American Association of Orthodontics notes that one out of five orthodontic patients is over the age of 21 — proving it’s never too late to straighten one’s teeth.

Smaller brackets, tooth-colored options and even plastic aligners have largely replaced traditional metal braces.

teeth can prevent periodontal problems, tooth wear, dental caries, infected gums and various forms of dental disease.

Engineering feat

Braces work by applying pressure to the teeth to gradually shift them and the jaw. Traditional braces consist of small brackets adhered to the teeth that are connected by a wire. Pressure is achieved by periodically using tight, thick wires. As pressure is applied to the periodontal ligament, which holds the teeth in place, the body will naturally create new room and adjust. If too much pressure is applied too soon, tooth loss may occur.

New technology

Braces no longer resemble the railroad style metal braces that wrapped around teeth in the early 1970s. Brackets are small and may be the color of

metal or enamel. Brackets may be affixed to the front of the teeth or the back. Some people opt for clear plastic aligners, which can be very successful in the hands of trained orthodontists.

Many orthodontists use heat-activated nickel-titanium alloy wires that apply constant pressure and do not need to be tightened as frequently. Also, advanced photography and X-rays enable orthodontists to plan treatment plans more effectively.

Orthodontists spend two to three years learning how to properly align teeth and jaws, says the American Association of Orthodontists. Braces treatment lasts an average of about two years, with patients visiting the orthodontist every four to six weeks for adjustments.

Braces have come a long way. In a short time, anyone can have a beautiful smile to show off.

Every day a family welcomes a pet into their home. According to Greger Larson, director of the University of Oxford’s palaeogenomic and bi-archaeology research network, dogs, without a doubt, were the first domestic animal. While researchers know they were tamed and used for work, little is known about when dogs moved from primarily providing utility to being pets.

Pet industry statistics and data from the ASPCA indicate there are now roughly 78 million dogs living as pets in households across the United States. The Canadian Pet Outlook Market says Canada is home to roughly six million pet dogs.

While researchers continue on their quest to determine just how and when canines transitioned from being beasts of burdens to best friends, dog lovers can do their share to keep their pets safe and happy.

• Begin with training. One of the best things a pet owner can do for the well-being of a his or her dog is to ensure that it receives proper training from a young age. According to VetWest Animal Hospital experts, statistics show that owners who have pets that behave get more satisfaction and have stronger bonds with their pets. A dog that responds to basic commands can stay out of danger, and knowing what he is supposed to do can help the dog feel less stressed.

• Socialize the pet. Learning how to respond to other dogs and people is an important aspect of canine life.

If the pet is to get along with other dogs, it needs to have high exposure to other animals every day and in various scenarios. Socialization can begin as soon as a puppy is immunized and able to venture out with others.

• Spay or neuter the dog. Various animal health experts attest to the benefits of having dogs spayed and neutered. These can include limiting aggression, reducing the need to roam and helping to prevent fights with other animals. Also, spaying and neutering helps keep animal numbers under control.

• Keep licensing up to date. Licensing will keep dogs registered in the area and help have current contact information available. Pet owners often license and microchip their pets to ensure safety all around.

• Exercise the pet. Dogs need daily exercise to maintain healthy body weights and keep them from fits of boredom. A dog that is not properly exercised may engage in destructive behavior around the house to unleash its pent-up energy.

Love and affection are also needed for healthy pets, but pampering should not come at the expense of training and obedience.

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PAGE S10 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • AUGUST 23, 2018

Focus on health

Indicators a loved one may be at risk of suicide

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With new technology comes new ways for bullys to reach victims.

Bullying’s new frontier Today’s students have many new things to contend with as they navigate the school year.

As a greater number of schools transition to providing lessons, homework and tests on digital devices, students spend much more time online. This connectivity can have many positive results. However, the same availability also opens up students of all ages to various dangers.

One of these dangers is a more invasive form of bullying called “cyberbullying.” The global organization DoSomething.org says nearly half of kids have been bullied online, with one in four saying it has happened more than once.

Cyberbullying has grown as access to computers and devices that offer an online connection has grown. Bullying is now just as likely to occur online as it is on the playground. Cyberbullies may bully classmates through email, social media, instant messaging and other social applications. Since cyberbullying tends to target emotions and mental well-being, and reaches beyond the school campus into a student’s home, its impact can be even more serious.

According to the Megan Meier Foundation, which campaigns against bullying, peer victimization during adolescence is associated with higher rates of depression, suicide ideation and suicide attempts. In the United States, suicide is the second leading cause of

death for individuals between the ages of 15 and 24, according to data compiled from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

Cyberbullying occurs in many different forms. Here are some types of cyberbullying educators and parents can look for if they suspect their students or children are being bullied.

• Flaming: This is a type of bullying that occurs in an online forum or group conversation. It’s achieved by sending angry or insulting messages directly to the person. Flaming is similar to harassment, but harassment usually involves privately sent messages.

• Outing: This type of bullying is a sharing of personal and private information about a person publicly. When information has been disseminated throughout the internet, one has been “outed.”

• Fraping: Fraping occurs when someone logs into another’s social media account and impersonates him or her. This could be a child or an adult impersonating the person and posting inappropriate content in his or her name.

Sometimes this type of bullying is also called “posing” or “catfishing.”

• Masquerading: Masquerading occurs when bullies create fake profiles so they can harass someone anonymously. The bully is likely

In June of 2018, the deaths by suicide of two high-profile celebrities garnered substantial attention. Within days of each other, fashion designer Kate Spade and television host and author Anthony Bourdain took their own lives.

The deaths of Spade and Bourdain prompted many to inquire about suicide, its causes and if there are any signs that might help them identify if a loved one is having suicidal thoughts. According to the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, no single thing causes suicide. The AFSP notes that suicide is most often a byproduct of the convergence of stressors and health issues that, when coupled, create a sense of hopelessness and despair.

Depression and anxiety are two conditions most commonly associated with suicide. But the AFSP notes that most people who have been diagnosed with these conditions and actively manage them go on to engage in life. Undiagnosed depression and anxiety, as well as undiagnosed or unaddressed substance abuse, increase a person’s risk for suicide. That’s why it’s so important for men, women and young people to learn to recognize warning signs for suicide and put themselves in a position to promptly address their own issues or those of a loved one.

Speech

The AFSP notes that people who take their own lives may speak about doing so prior to committing suicide. People should seek help if they or a loved one talks about feeling hopeless, having no reason to live or being a burden to others. People who speak of feeling someone the person being targeted knows well.

• Exclusion: Sometimes direct targeting is not necessary. Students can be bullied simply by being deliberately left out, such as not being invited to parties or encouraged to participate in online conversations.

Securing privacy online is one way to prevent cyberbullying attacks. Students also can be selective about who they share personal information with or whose social media friendships they accept. Thinking before posting and paying attention to language and tone can help curb cyberbullying as well. Students should stick together and report instances of cyberbullying if it becomes an issue.

trapped or feeling unbearable pain also may be exhibiting warning signs of suicide.

Behavior

Behavior, especially behavior that can be linked to a painful event, loss or change, is another potential indicator that a person is having suicidal thoughts. Such behaviors include: • Increased use of alcohol or drugs • Looking for a way to end their lives, such as searching online for methods • Withdrawing from activities • Isolating from family and friends • Sleeping too much or too little • Visiting or calling people to say goodbye • Giving away prized possessions • Aggression • Fatigue

Mood

Mood also is a potential indicator that a person might be having suicidal thoughts. In addition to depression and anxiety, people who are considering taking their own lives may exhibit a loss of interest in things they once enjoyed. Irritability, humiliation, agitation/anger and relief/sudden improvement are other moods the AFSP notes may be warning signs for suicide.

The deaths of two highly regarded celebrities brought suicide to the forefront in 2018. Taking the time to understand suicide and its warning signs can help people prevent tragedies. More information is available at www.afsp.org. People who are in crisis or suspect a loved one may be in crisis are urged to call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-TALK (8255) or contact the Crisis Text Line by texting TALK to 741741.

National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 1-800-273-TALK (8255)

Crisis Text Line Text “TALK” to 741741

AUGUST 23, 2018 • FOCUS ON HEALTH • PAGE S11

Focus on health

Convincing kids to exercise

but parents can embrace kid-friendly exercises, such as walking and cycling. Invite kids along for daily bike rides or go for family walks around the neighborhood after dinner.

• Park the car. Kids don’t need to know they’re exercising in order to be more physically active. In lieu of driving to the bank or pharmacy, parents can leave the car at home and ride their bikes alongside their children when running errands. If possible, parents can walk youngsters to and from school rather than driving them.

• Choose friend-friendly activities. Adults employ the buddy system as a means to motivate themselves to keep exercising, and that same principle can apply to children, who might be more excited about physical activity if their friends are joining them. Team sports provide chances to exercise with friends, as do organizations like the Boy Scouts of America and the Girl Scouts of America. But even inviting a child’s friend along on a family hike or bike ride may make such activities more fun for kids.

• Give gifts that encourage physical activity.

Kids might want the latest device or video game for their birthdays, but parents also can

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Parents concerned about their kids living sedentary lives may have more to worry about than they know. According to a 2017 study published in the journal Preventive Medicine that analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey from 20032004 and 2005-2006, 19-year-olds spent as much time being inactive and sedentary as 60-year-olds.

Getting kids to be more active may be especially difficult for today’s parents, who must contend with the internet, social media, tablets, smartphones and other distractions as they try to encourage their kids to unplug and spend more time being physically active. But parents can try various strategies to get kids off the couch and exercising.

• Set a positive example. Kids, especially young children, often try to emulate their parents. Parents can capitalize on kids’ desire to be like mom and dad by exercising in front of their children. Young children may not be ready to lift weights or run on the treadmill,

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