An Affair with Bazaar | FP - Foundation Program | CEPT University

PG191039 : MUP : Foundation Program 2019 Tamanna Parvin

An Affair with Bazaar... an insight into the evolution of Kalupur (Old City) as the commercial core in Ahmedabad

Introduction Precinct E4_14 is located about 6.5km from CEPT University Campus. The site is located in the central commercial zone of the Old City.

WEST AHMEDABAD

CEPT UNIVERSITY

E4_14

R

I VE R ATI RM

SA

BA

EAST AHMEDABAD

One of the key factors behind the development and growth of a city is the Economic sectors. The basic module behind these sectors are the Jobs generated and how they are related and dependent on each other directly and indirectly. The site of Kalupur in the Central Zone of Ahmedabad is situated next to the Kalupur Railway Station. The precinct falls into the walled city which evolved and formed more than 400 years ago. Throughout the time the walled city has attracted huge amounts of Traders and Businessmen from all around Ahmedabad and Gujarat. One of the reasons being its identity of being a self-sustainable city where heterogeneous work activity helps create job opportunities for everyone. This attracted traders from around who migrated into this zone for SelfEmployment majorly. This gradually created a demand for casual labour work and hence labour market developed quickly.

Preface In the present world of competition there a nice of existence in which those are having the will to come forward wicked. Project is like a bridge between theoretical and practical working and With this willing, I proceeded with this particular project of Understanding the city where a precinct area of 1 sq.km. was appointed to every individual for detailed and critical analysis of the area on Urban Planning terms. First of all, I would like to thank the supreme power the Almighty God who is the one has always led me to work on the one has always guided me to work on the right path of life. Without his grace, this project could not become a reality. Next to him are my parents, whom I am greatly indebted for me brought up with Love and encouragement to this stage. I am feeling oblige in taking the opportunity to sincerely thanks to Mr Rutul Joshi (Coordinator of UTC 20019) and special thanks to my Faculty in charge Mr Umesh Shurpali and Teaching Assistant Ms Anu James for their invaluable guidance and inputs into my projects.

Moreover, I am highly obliged to taking the opportunity to sincerely thanks to the planning department of CEPT University for their generous attitude and wonderful facilitation. At last but not least am thankful to all my friends who have encouraged me throughout the year.

Content

1 History & Evolution 6 Essence 11 Old & Notable 18 Dense & Compact 21 Walkable Mesh 26 Intense Socialization 35 Trading Pool

History & Evolution

• history & evolution

On the banks of Sabarmati River, Sultan Ahmed Shah I laid the foundation of Ahmedabad, Manek Burj and Manek Chowk, Ganeshbari, Bhadra Fort, Muhurt Pol and Jama Masjid.

Mr. Dunlop, British Collector of Kaira took over the city and thus came the end of Maratha rule, Union Jack hoisted on Bhadra.

Repairs to city walls by citizens’ committee, first seeds of local self Government.

1411 1800s 16th & 17th Century Mughal Rule

01

Expansion beyond walls of Old City

the

history & evolution First Textile Mill started by late Mr. Ranchhodlal Chhotalal, the pioneer of Mill Industry.

Construction Station.

of

Concentration of Banias, Brahmans other higher castes in Old City for Trading

Expansion of Communication Lines for Trade & Commerce

Railway

Ahmedabad existence.

Municipality

came

into

Mid 20th Century

1850s 1947 Calico Mills was started

by Sheth Karamchand Premchand.

Construction of first road – Gandhi Road.

city

&

Trade links not only throughout Gujarat but also throughout India.

Bus Transport Service under Municipal control

Independence day celebrated. Tricolor Flag on Bhadra fort after 130 years.

02

• history & evolution 92 km² of new area merged with Municipal Corporation on Eastern Periphery.

Directed the aspirations of Higher class beyond the City Walls

Saturation of Economic and population geography in OLd City

Quarter 20th Century

1986

1996 1991

1971

Infective Development in Service & Infrastructure

policies

AMC sets up Heritage Cell for Preservation and Restoration of Heritage sites

Decline phase of Textile Industry

Loss of Jobs

Informalization claimed space traditional BAZAARS of Old City

in

Old City turns into the Poorer segment of the Urban Territory.

DisturbedAreaAct

03

history & evolution HUDCO provides subsidy Building Repair Loan

First Heritage Walk

Kalupur Railway Station becomes the major point of Commuting for the whole city.

This becomes one of the high traffic zone in the city.

Commercial belt along the major Roads.

GDCR (General Development Control Regulations) prohibiting Listed Heritage Property to be pulled down without permission.

1997

2001

2003

2002 Communal Riot

MoU signed by AMC & French Govt. for documentation of Walled City.

Collaboration with HUDCO for preservation via publicprivate partnership project

in

2005 Urban Development Year Commercial & Residential Load keeps increasing on limited Physical Infrastructure

Introduction of CNG Buses

04

• history & evolution Urban Poor rehabilitated under BSUP (Basic Services for Urban Poor) Programme under JNURM

Commercialisation of Slums and concentration of power on Slumlords

GRUDA (Gujrat Regularization Unauthorized Development Act)

of

AMC with the assistance of state government and Gujarat State Archaeological Department is giving 50% grant for facade restoration

2011

2006 2009 SFCoA (Slum Free City Plan of Action) under RAY (Rajiv Awas Yojna)

BRTS Corridor

05

2013 AUDA incorporated TDR (Transfer of Development Rights) policy in which owners of old Heritage properties could sell, transfer or lease out additional FSI

Chunnam & Surji structure or load bearing cum wooden construction & foundation are vulnerable to new construction; Lack of technical expertise

2017

“Historic City of Ahemedabad” declared as World Heritage site by UNESCO

Essence

• essence

Gandhi Road

06

Relief Road

essence

07

• essence

Business promotes social interaction at an informal level

08

essence Streets known for specific category of products

Chappal selling street

Eateries and Plastic accessories selling Street

09

• essence Looking for potential customers

10

Old & Notable

• old & notable Building Typology

Attached Row Housing (Type 1) Plot Area: 30 sq.m.

Building Footprint: 60sq.m.

Ground Coverage: 30sq.m.

F.S.I.: 2 Building Age: Over 40 years

11

Attached Row Housing (Type 2) Plot Area: 45.6 sq.m.

Building Footprint: 80 sq.m.

Ground Coverage: 40 sq.m.

F.S.I.: 1.75 Building Age: Over 40 years

old & notable

Apartments Plot Area: 71.28 sq.m.

Building Footprint: 285.12 sq.m.

Ground Coverage: 71.28 sq.m.

F.S.I.: 4 Building Age: Over 40 years

Semi Detached Housing

Plot Area: 36.35 sq.m.

Building Footprint: 43.90 sq.m.

Ground Coverage: 25.11 sq.m.

F.S.I.: 1.2 Building Age: Over 40 years

12

• old & notable

Informal Outlet (Mixed Use) Plot Area: 24 sq.m.

Building Footprint: 48 sq.m.

Ground Coverage: 24 sq.m.

F.S.I.: 2 Building Age: Over 40 years

13

Market Complex

Plot Area: 80 sq.m.

Building Footprint: 400 sq.m.

Ground Coverage: 80 sq.m.

F.S.I.: 5 Building Age: Over 40 years

old & notable

Legend E4_14

Buildings_E4_14 <all other values>

Building_Use Commercial Industrial Institutional Mixed Use Public Utility Religious Residential

Building Typology & Built Use Maps

±

0

50

100

200

300

Meters 400

Commercial

Institutional

Mixed Use

Public Utility

Religious

Residential

1812

3

2733

54

47

1824

14

C ommercialization

C ommunity Fabric

Accessibility

Efficient use of Land through planning but doesn’t Resonate with the Modern Requirements.

Social Character has changed.

Panch (local body of a Pol) is no longer there.

Community Participation.

Warehouses coming up inside the pols greatly disturbed the residential character.

Security

Building Use Transformation

House Prices

• old & notable

Commercial Ingression + Vertical Expansion

Before Riots & Immigration for Commercial Activity

Encroachment of open spaces into Unplanned use

15

C ommercialization

C ommunity Fabric

Accessibility

Certain aspects of the Tax structure do not favour heritage conservation. For example, Chabutaras (bird feeder) are considered as commercial buildings & heritage value being locked up and left to ruin.

House Prices

Interior Houses used to be costlier than the houses on the Road but now it’s viceversa Due to Commercialisation & Need for easy Access = Commercial Ingressing

After Riots & Immigration for Commercial Activity

old & notable Identity Makers

Heritage Points

Police Station/ Chowki

Masjid

Railway Station

Mandir

Hospital

Derasar

16

• old & notable Landmarks, Nodes, Districts, Paths & Edges

17

Dense & Compact

• dense & compact Fine-Grained Organic Urban Fabric

18

dense & compact Higher Built Ratio B

Open Area

Built Up Area

37%

63%

A A

No Vacant Land

B

Section AA

Section BB

19

• dense & compact Dense Demographics & Saturated Built Space Kalupur: Ward 03 Population: Negative Growth Rate = -0.7

2001 2011

%

0

10000

30000

Po pulation

50000

70000

0

10000

Literac y

20000

30000

40000

50000

Literacy Govt. Ser vices 2 % Private Ser vices 13% Business 16% Unemployment 4% Student 20% Housewife 32 % Others 13% EW S 28% LIG 47% MIG 21% HIG 4%

20

AMTS Route s GSRT C Route s BRTS Corridor East-West Metro Corridor

Walkable Mesh

• walkable mesh Road Heirarchy

Node & Link

Total Street Density: 392.19 m/ha Node Density: 8.84 nodes/ha

Percentage under Streets: 16.35% Link Node Ratio: 1.65

Connected Node Ratio: 0.78

21

The higher node density provides a Better scope for connectivity in the Organic pattern of the Urban fabric.

walkable mesh Block Area

Road Width

There is a sense of uniformity is maintained inside the walls of the Old city. The roads in there have an uniformity among itself in terms of width and hierarchy. The difference is observed only on the major motorized roads passing through the site towards the railway station. This uniformity of roads provide equal importance to the houses and help create similar pathway for the accessibility

The major chunk of block as indicated is only on the outside of the old city wall, whereas inside the walls we can observe a pattern of smaller blocks, which creates small secured pockets of land with secured connectivity 22

• walkable mesh Foothpath

Encroachment

Total Footpath Percentage: 18.81%

Encroachment over Foothpath opens up the scope

Footpath Percentage (greater than 1.8m): 9.13%

buyers Due to lack of open spaces streets become the natural bearer for any informal activity

Footpath Percentage (less than 1.8m): 90.87%

23

for informal trading and hence attracts potential

walkable mesh Capacity of the Streets

24

• walkable mesh Working Zone is distributed like a Fine Mesh into the Residential Area

Walkable Distance to Work Modes of Transport: Walking + 2 Wheelers

25

Street Section of Relief Road

Intense Socialization

• intense socialization

Private Space

63% Area under Streets

19% Public Realm

18% Area under Public Space

11%

26

intense socialization Public Realm in all sizes

27

• intense socialization An Agglomeration of Strangers

28

intense socialization Bazaars- Rich Public Realm in Old Ahmedabad

29

• intense socialization Diversity

30

intense socialization Diversity

31

• intense socialization Re-imagining Kalupur Tower Junction

32

intense socialization Insight into the functionality of the Public Realm

33

• intense socialization Ground Floor Use

Majority Commercial depicts the orientation Commerce and Trade 34

Space towards

Trading Pool

• trading pool

35

trading pool

Majority of the precinct and work force behind it is the unskilled labour market which also acts as a major attraction point for migrants and people around the city.

36

• trading pool Looking at enterprises of similar or same typology of work inspires people who have interest and skill majorly in that particular field. This increases competition in the market for the particular product and hence it improves the product delivered to the customer.

Unskilled labour and self-employment are the dominating category of choice of work in this precinct.

37

trading pool

38

• trading pool

Most of the transaction of work happens locally. And the genre of work that they deal with is so rooted into the area since years that it is strong and delivers an identity 39

to the area. This does increase its valuation in the local and the state market.

trading pool

40

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