Issuu

Tahltan Tribal Council

October, 1992

Table of Contents

Introduction Introduction to the Alphabet

Iii

Tahltan Alphabet Chart

vii

Basic Tahltan Conversation Lessons

Lessons

Useful Expressions

September

October

November

December

January

February

March

.47

April

2nd Edition, October 1992

May

June

Participants:

Colin Carter, linguist Patrick Carlick, language instructor and informant, Telegraph Creek Iskut language instructors: Angela Dennis and Regina Louie Dease Lake language instructors: Susie Tashoots and Myra Blackburn Elders: Freddie Quock and Edith Carlick

Introduction 111111

11111

This book is the second edition of Basic Tahltan Conversation Lessons. It is functionally the same as the first edition with typographical and spelling errors corrected, and some minor changes in illustrations. An alphabet chart has also been added. The book contains -the basic content of a year language course that has been taught in Tahltan schools since about 1980. It is based on Teaching Yukon Native Languages, a training manual published by the Yukon Native Language Center (Whitehorse, YT). Some modifications to content and gradation of material have been made. Our thanks goes to YNLC for their contribution.

Course Content The book begins with a brief introduction to the alphabet. This is followed by an overview of some useful expressions which a teacher might use in a classroom situation. The main course follows and is divided into ten sections which correspond to the months of the school year - September through June. An attempt has been made to make the subjects covered in any given month relevant to that time of the year, especially with regard to weather conditions and seasonal activities. Each month's material is further organized into topical sections to make it easier to find information on a given subject.

110

The useful expressions and monthly lessons have been taped by Pat Carlick, Telegraph Creek language instructor, and by the Iskut instructors Angela Dennis and Regina Louie. Two tapes have been made since there are occasionally slight differences in speech between the Telegraph Creek / Dease Lake speakers and Iskut speakers. These tapes are available for a nominal fee from the Tahltan Tribal Council in Dease Lake.

Variant Forms a

1111 Where there are differences in speech between the three communities, all variant forms are listed in the entry, followed by the initials of the community or communities where that form is most common (TC for Telegraph Creek, DL for Dease Lake or I for Iskut). For example:

It's sunny.

Sade hulin. (TC, DL) Sada' huhlin. (I)

These are two slightly different ways of saying "It's sunny." The first is preferred by the Telegraph Creek and Dease Lake instructors, and the second by the Iskut instructors. It is likely that both would be understood in either community, so neither is "right" or a-"wrong". This notation simply indicates a preference of the language teachers of a given community to the form indicated.

I ntroduction

Acknowledgements

INTRODUCTION TO THE TAHLTAN ALPHABET

I am indebted to all who have helped complete this project. Pat Carlick, my language assistant has endured much questioning and taping. His contribution has been invaluable. The other language teachers have also been a great help in confirming the material Angela Dennis, Regina Louie, Susie Tashoots and Myra Blackburn and those they in turn consulted. Several elders have also been very helpful in confirming the content, most notably Freddie Quock and Edith Carlick. Illustrations The Summer Institute of Linguistics has provided most of the illustrations used in this book. Leaf Thunderstorm, ..a resident of the Telegraph Creek area, also provided many of the drawings on the alphabet chart and the drawings on pages 7 and 36. The Yukon Territorial Government, Renewable Resources, provided several drawings by Yvonne L. Hannah (pp. 51, 55 - owl, 58 and the drawing for beak in the alphabet chart). Several other illustrations were taken from YNLC general teaching materials (pp. 8, 27, 32, 37, 47, 48, 50, 66). All are used with permission and our thanks goes to all contributors.

The development of the Tahltan alphabet has been based on the principles of a phonetic alphabet. A phonetic alphabet is one in which every sound in the language is always written with the same symbol. English is not written phonetically because there are individual sounds which can be written in several different ways. For example the 'oo' sounds in two, to and too are all written differently. For this reason, the Tahltan alphabet is not based on English spelling, though there are many similarities. Tahltan also contains more than 26 sounds, that is, more than the letters of the English alphabet. Therefore, the letters of English alone are not sufficient to represent all the sounds necessary. Rather than introduce strange new symbols, we have chosen to use only English letters, but to represent some sounds of Tahltan with-more.than one-letter, For example there is a sound in Tahltan like the sh in shin. This sound we write as sh, but consider it as one Tahltan "letter". Using combinations of two English letters as well as some other markings (like underlining or adding an apostrophe), we are able to represent all the sounds contained in the Tahltan language. The following is a list of all the Tahltan letters in their alphabetic order. The sound is also described, and where there is an English sound which closely resembles the Tahltan sound, this is indicated. An example word containing the sound is also given.

Publication

The book was created using Aldus PageMaker on au IBM microcomputer. The text was written in Microsoft Word for Windows. Illustrations were electronically scanned using a Logitech hand scanner, and the results were touched up using Ansel Image Editing software. Special fonts were created using Allays Fontographer and Windows 3.1 TrueType fonts. Master copies are printed on a Hewlett Packard LaserJet IIP and photocopied and bound by Tribal Council Staff.

Letter English equivalent / description

a a

b Funding

The funding for this project came from the Ministry of Education and has been administered by the Tahltan Tribal Council. Hopefully this will be only the first of many useful teaching aids for the Tahltan language.

Colin Carter, linguist Tahitan Tribal Council October 30, 1992

ch' d

dl dz dz e e

gh g

Introduction

No written English equivalent - made with a stoppage in the throat. u in cup Same as a but longer in duration. Something like au in caught. b in big ch in church Same as ch but made with a stoppage in the throat. d in did No English equivalent. ds in pads No English equivalent. e in ten Same as e but longer in duration. g in good Similar to g, but a softer sound. g said farther back in the mouth

Example

Meaning

ete'e

father

gah diinä

rabbit money

bes 6E1 ch'oh

knife big, large quill

person dene dlune mouse dime bird dzel mountain menh lake bes knife gah rabbit ghu' tooth togatit (also said pants with a regular g)

Introduction to the Alphabet

Letter Dcelish equivalent /description It i

I .-- j k k

li in head e in enough, or ee in keep Same as i, but longer in duration j or dg in judge k in keep k said far back in the mouth.

k' k'

k with a stoppage in the throat. k' said far back in the mouth.

kh 1

Similar to k, but a softer sound. 1 in large No English equivalent. m in mother n in nothing No English equivalent. oa in oats same as o but longer in duration. p in pup (a very rare sound) s in see th in thin or s in sin - see notes on speech variation below. sh in shoot t in two I with a stoppage in throat. No English equivalent tl with stoppage in throat ts in cats ts with stoppage in throat No English equivalent ts with stoppage in throat oo in boot same as u but longer w in was y in yes No English equivalent z in zoo th in then (this is different from th in thin)

m n nh o 6 P s s sh t « t' 11 r tl' ts ts' ts ts' u A w Y ii- yh z z

Introduction to the Alphabet

Examp le

caribou hodzili face ni' moss nr berry jije moose kedd kaztne (also said otter with a regular k) fish eggs k'il or kV bucket k'otl (also said with a regular k') trap kha hand la' fish tuwe thank you meduh Here, take it! na' lake menh grizzly bear khoh big, large chO my friend espane black bear sas Sit down! sindah ishIcAdi ill l'ii

tleyh tl'oyh tsa' ts'ots tse ts'e

ghu' to wandänä yige tleyh zedle zas

Some Comments on Vowels

Meaning

crazy water tender grease, lard grass beaver blowfly rock thread tooth water glasses under grease, lard only

There are five basic vowels in the Tahltan alphabet, represented by the five English vowels a, e, o and u. Again it should be mentioned that these vowel are not pronounced the same way as their English counterparts. Tahltan vowels also have two distinct lengths, short and long. This-means that a vowel sound can be held for a short or a longer period of time and that this could change the meaning of a word. The word for face is ni' (where the i sound is short), while the word for a certain type of moss is nr (where the i sound is held for a longer period of time). The word for raft is kenes (where both e's are short) while the word for cross is kenes (where the second e is long). Short vowels are written as a plain vowel - a, e, o, and u, while long vowels are written with a bar (macron) above them - A, e, I, o and A. Therefore when writing a Tahltan word, vowel length must always be determined and written accordingly:

Speech Variation 1/11 Amongst some speakers of Tahltan, there are different ways of pronouncing some of the Tahltan letters. The difference occurs in the letters s, ts, Is', z and dz. Words containing an underlined s (s) may be pronounced two different ways. Some people pronounce them with the th sound as in the English word thin. Others pronounce it much more closely to an s sound. Similarly, words containing an underlined z (z) are pronounced by some with the th sound in then or other, and by others with a sound much closer to an English z. In this way, a word like zas (snow), may have two perceptibly different pronunciations. This happens because the Tahltan s series of sounds are actually made somewhere between the s and th sounds of English. A person accustomed to hearing English, sometimes perceives a sound closer to an s and other times a sound closer to a th. To a person who grew up speaking Tahltan, the meaning of the words with this unusual sound is perfectly clear. To someone whose first language is English, however, the distinction is not easily perceptible. For this reason, words containing either s or z may be pronounced somewhat differently depending on the individual speaker's background. Neither way of pronouncing it is the "right way."

Glottalization Some Tahltan sounds are very similar except for what is called glottalization. Glottalization is something like saying a sound while adding a catch in the throat to it. It can only b learned through practice with someone who knows how to pronounce it. Sometimes glottalized consonants are hard to distinguish from a non glottalized ones. A glottalized consonant is written by adding an apostrophe (') to its non-glottalized counterpart. The non glottalized consonants are t, tl, ts, ts, ch, k and k. Their glottalized counterparts are t', tl', ts', ts', ch', k' and k'. 11 is very important that the student learns the difference between glottalized

snow

Introduction to the Alphabet

Tahltan Practical Alphabet Chart and non-glottalized consonants. Some words differ only in the fact that one contains a glottalized consonant and a second does not.

Some examples of these are as follows:

ke'

Glottalized t'u tender thread k'eda file

Non glottalized to water tse rock kedii moose Other Consonant Modification

LP? i

shoe

I ni'

foot

face

MOSS

In some Tahltan words,.a normal consonant may be modified by a sound like a w following it. Some Athapaskan languages have added several letters to their alphabet to deal with this. However, in Tahltan, this will just be treated as a series of two consonants.

chosh

Some examples of these are: Tahltan gwet k'waga Anishinägwät1

English bag a really old salmon nighthalk

About Learning The sounds of Tahltan can only be properly learned through talking with elders who have spoken Tahltan as their first language. Though there are many sounds that are similar to English, there are many that are not. A person will not learn Tahltan just by listening to a tape # of one speaker reciting various words and sentences, though this is a valuable exercise. A language must also be used to be learned. Similarly, learning to read and write Tahltan will only come with training and practice. Familiarity with the writing system will be very valuable in learning to speak the language. A word that can be visualized and heard is more easily remembered than one that is just heard. Don't be afraid to try to use what you know, even if you make mistakes. We all make mistakes in learning a new language.

feather

ghu'

tooth

ch \

cat

bes

knife

Ch'

chd

\•

"\\•• rain

ch'iyOne

wolf

dlane Dz dzel

'• gh

ghanje

goose

mountain h

mouse

gat

tree

It is our hope that this basic course will encourage many to begin learning the Tahltan language.

kedd vi

moose

hodzih

lee&

caribou jije

file

berry kh

khoh

grizzly

Introduction to the Alphabet Tahltan Alphabet Chart

vii

Tahltan Practical Alphabet Chart A

fish nh

Tuwe gah

rabbit e

foot I

chosh

shoe

feather

ni' 0 t'ok

face ni' 9,

bird dzex

friend sh

ice Sh

wart ghu' b Ch

tooth ch

knife

chd Dl

\\\\ rain dl

mouse

mountain

saw

black bear t

son' T'

star keshd T1

tas 7arrow T1' tl'

t'ede

girl

tl'oyh

tsa' Ts'

rock

ts'ih

mosquito wandänd glasses z yh

tleyh

lard eydze young one

sas T

grass Er, f,,,

beaver ts'

fir Ts'

ts'

ts'ah

hat

G ts e

dzime

tenh

dlane Dz_

medicine

MOSS

cat bes

"A L

non' ke

gat

tree

hodzih

caribou jije

berry

;,kt

t s!,

kedd

moose

k'eda

file

khoh

zas

grizzly

Tahltan Alphabet Chart

vii

snow

rtrwn

Ge'51cieck

CROW

0 Copyright, Tahltan Tribal Council, 1992. Illustranons by Leaf Thunderstorm, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Yukon Native language Center. Yinka Dein: Language Institute and Yvonne L Hannah (Yukon Renewabk Resources), used with permission.

viii

Tahltan Alphabet Chart

Useful Tahltan Expressions 1uwe

fish

1. Sit down! (telling one person)

•,.%.;

non'

medicine

tenh

ice

p ane Sh

friend

Sindah!

Sit down! (telling two people)

Sahkel (TC, DL) Sahkeh! (I)

All of you, sit down!

Tsedze, dalits'ih!

sh 11111

sas

black bear

son' T'

tas

arrow

T1'

tl'

t'ede

star

keshd

saw

- girl

tli

dog

Ts'

ts'

2. Stand up! (telling one person)

Nanzet!

Stand up! (telling two people)

Nahzet!

All of you, stand up!

Tsedze, naddhyah!

3. Come here!

Ani!

4. Be quiet!

Tsini!

5,Ngs.

11111

tsa'

beaver

Ts'

ts'

ts'ih

snow

da'

Tahltan Alphabet Chart

hat w

mosquito wandand glasses yh

lard

eyaze young one

beak

°Copyright, Tahltan Tribal Council, 1992. Illustrabons by Leaf Thunderstorm, Summer Institute of Lingu Language Institute and Yvonne L Hannah (Yukon Renewable Resources), used with permission.

viii

ts'ah

Ge l5kieck

CROW

No.

Duwe.

N 6. Look! (telling one person)

Ninh'In!

Look! (telling two people)

Nah'in!

All of you, look!

Tsedze, danah'in!

tics, Yukon Native Language Center, Y inks Deno

Tahltan Basic Conversation

Page 1

Useful Tahltan Expressions

Listen! (telling one person).

Udenints'an! (TC, DL) Udenints'an'! (I)

Listen! (telling two people).

Udenahts'an! (TC, DL) Udenahts'an'! (I)

All of you, listen!

Tsedze, do'odenahts'an! (TC, DL) Tsedze, da'udenahts'an'! (I)

8. You, listen to me!

All of you, listen to me!

Nini, susints'an! (TC, DL) Nini, susints'an'! (I) Tsedze, susahts'an! (TC, DL) Tsedze, susahts'an'! (I)

9. Do you hear / understand me?

Susints'ana? (TC, DL) Susints' ana? (I)

6 -11,1 hear / understand you.

NusZhts'an. (TC, DL) Nusihts'an'. (I)

i I don't hear / understand you.

Edit nusats'an. (TC) Edit nusihts'an'. (I)

10. You, say it! (telling one person)

Nini, duka'adindih!

All of you, say it! 4/-*Say it again. (telling one person) } Say it again. (telling more than one) Page 2

Tahltan Basic Conversation

11. You, tell me! (telling one person) All of you, tell me!

K'aji duka'adandih.

Tsedze, esdahandech!

12. You ask me.

Nini sudinhkit.

13. Did you forget?

Endah lcuhats'eda?

Don't you remember?

Edit mendlj a?

14. What do you call it in Tahltan?

Dada 'dye didene k'eh? Didene k'eh dada oye?

15. Good. Really good!

Eti'e. Lani eti'e! Lan eti'e!

16..True! Not true!

La! Edil

Tsedze, duka'adandih! K'aji duka'adindih.

Esdandech!

Tahltan Basic Conversation

Page 3

Useful Tahltan Expressions

47% That's the way!

That's not right.

18. I don't know.

Dekuh! (TC) Dukuh! (I, DL)

- _ 24. Don't! or Quit it!

Lagu!

Don't do that!

Edit deka'ant'in! (TC) Edit duka'ant'in! (DL, I) Edit ka'ant'In!

Enough!

Kuji k'at! Kuji!

Edit dekuh. (TC) Edit dukuh. (I, DL)

Edit me'esdih. Me'esdih.

I know.

19. Here, take it.

Na'.

20. Thank you.

Meduh.

21. Let me help you.

Ents'inOsdi'. (TC, DL) Ents' i ' nOsde . (I) Enzihgeh

1 t22. Move! or Get away!

Ejinda! (TC, DL) Ejinda! (I) Dege ejinda! (TC, DL) Dege ejinda! (I)

23. Nothing, no more.

Duwe. Edit yeda.

25. Hurry. Hurry up (telling one person).

Khadi. Khadi nanhdih. (TC, DL) Khadi nanhdih. (I)

26. Hot!

Sezet

Cold!

Sek'ats.

27. You poor thing!

Sadenht'eh! Sadeneeh! (I)

411-4° -

Page 4

Tahitan Basic Conversation

Page 5

September Lessons

Useful Tahltan Expressions

"rn•

,;.2-6. See you tomorrow.

28. Good day!

29. Take care!

Greetings

Chachd nanasei. (TC, DL) Chacha sä nanenust'i. (I)

1. How are you?

Dada änh'e?

2. I'm fine.

Soga ast'eh.

3. How about you?

Nini k'aji.

4 Me too, I'm fine.

Sini k'aji soga ast'eh.

Dzenes hoti'e!

Soga edent'in!

Nini k'aji.

30. You too.

General Questions 1. What is this?

Yeda didi at'e? Di yeda at'e?

2. This is a person.

Dene ja'at'e.

3. This is an animal.

Khih ja'at'e.

4. This is a fish.

Luwe ja'at'e.

5. This is a bird.

Dzime ja'at'e.

111111

IM Page 6

Tahltan Basic Conversation

Page 7

September Lessons

r 11.

6-This is a berry.

Jije ja'at'a.

Weather 1. How is it outside?

Dada ahuht'e ah'ene? Ah'ene ditcla ahuht'e?

More about people. 1. Who is this person?

Mada didi at'a? Meda at'a?

2. This is a man.

DenezTa ja'at'a. (TC, DL) Denezd' ja'at'a. (I)

3. This is a woman.

Eghaden ja'at'a. Eghadani ja'ara.

4. This is a boy.

Eskiye ja'at'a.

5. This is a girl.

T'ade ja'at'e.

6. This is a child.

EdOne ja'at'a.

7. This is a little child / baby.

EdOne da'asedle ja'at'e. (I) EdOne tsedle ja'ara. (TC, DL)

41k I

2.- It's a nice day.

Dzenas hoti'e.

3. It's hot.

Hoszet

4. It's cold.

Hosdli. Hosdlih.

Page 8

Tahitan Basic Conversation

Page 9

September Lessons

=More about animals 1. What animal is this?

Yeh lchih ja'at'e?

2. This is a moose.

Kea ja'at'e.

3. This is a rabbit.

3. This is a cranberry.

Gokhe ja'at'e. (TC, DL) Gokhe' ja'at'e. (I)

4. This is a soapberry.

Ishghoche ja'at'a. Ishghohche ja'at'e.

Gah ja'at'e.

More about weather

• 11,

4iThis is a dog. •—

Tli' ja'at'e. 1.It's sunny.

Sade hulin. (TC, DL) Sack. ' hulin. (I)

More about berries 1. What berry is this?

Yeh jije ja'at'e?

2. It's cloudy.

K'os hulin.

2. This is a blueberry. st--.1.(sometimes used for huckleberry)

Echish chO ja'at'e. (TC, DL) Echish chO ja'at'e. (I)

3. It's raining.

Cha nadetl'id.

Tahltan Basic =I Conversation

•

Tahltan Basic Conversation Page 11

September Lessons

r 11'

Clothing 1. This is a jacket.

Kind'et ja'at'e.

2. This is a shirt.

Ech ja'at'e.

3. These are pants.

TogatAT ja'at'e. (All)

5. (S)he is going hunting.

Ejidadar.

6. What is the boy doing?

Eskiye (Vida at'ini? Dada eskiye at'ini?

7. The boy is fishing.

Eskiye uht'e.

8. What is the woman doing?

Eghaden dada at'ini? Duda eghadeni at'ini?

9. The woman is picking berries.

Eghaden jije unebe. (TC, DL) Eghadeni jije unebe. (I)

10. What is the girl doing?

T'ede dada at'ini? Dada t'ede at'ini?

Tugatät ja'at'e. (I)

4. These are shoes.

Ka ja'at'e.

5. This is a hat.

Ts'ah ja'ate.

Activities 411` What is (s)he doing?

Dada at'ini?

I 12. (S)he is fishing.

Uhee.

3. (S)he is picking berries.

Jije unebe.

4. (S)he is playing. 44-

NohOye. (TC, DL) Nahoyeh. (I)

Page 12

Tahltan Basic Conversation

•

N N N N N N N N

Tahltan Basic Conversation

Page 13

October Lessons

September Lessons

al• _ -1.1.

The girl is playing.

T'Ccle nohaye. (TC, DL) T'ade nahoyeh. (I)

More Greetings - Names 1. What's your name?

12. What is that man doing?

E deneza dada at'ini? (TC, DL) Dada ey deneza' at'ini? (I)

101 1111

2. My name is

3. What's his / her name? 4. His / her name is

13. That man is going hunting.

E deneza ejidadat (TC, DL) Ey deneza' ejidadat (I)

Dada Onye? ushye. (TC, DL) ushyeh. (I)

Dada aye?

aye. (TC, DL) uyeh. (I)

More Animals 1.What do you see?

YZda ninh'ini?

2. I see a beaver.

Tsa' nes'in.

IIII

3. I see a porcupine.

Dech'uwe nes'in.

III

4. I see a wolf.

Ch'iyone nes'In.%. ,e,.... . .0,.

II.

Page 14

Tahltan Basic Conversation

lk :,;-'),"4.k"

5.1 see a black bear.

Sas nes'In.

1„

11";‘

Tahltan Basic Conversation

Page 15

11/11

October Lessons

October Lessons 11111 - _ -.6. I see a grizzly.

Khoh nes'in.

6. No, it's not cloudy.

Ma, edu k'os hulin. (TC, DL) Duwe, edu k'os huhlin. (I)

7. Is it raining?

Cha nadetl'ida?

8. Yes, it's raining.

cha nadetl'id.

11111 7. I see a squirrel.

8. I see a gopher.

Dests'edze nes'in. (All) (I) Dists'eze

11/11

Tseli nes'in.

Asking About Weather 1. Is it sunny?

2. Yes, it's sunny.

at* - -3. No, it's not sunny.

Sada hulina? (TC, DL) Sada' huhlind? (I)

E, sad hulin. (TC, DL) E, sada' huhlin. (I)

1111

Ma, edu sada hulin. (TC, DL) Duwe, edu sada' huhlin. (I)

4. Is it cloudy?

K'os hullna? (TC, DL) K'os huhlinä? (I)

5. Yes, it's cloudy.

E, k'os hulin. (TC, DL) k'os huhlin. (I)

Page 16

114

Tahitan Basic Conversation

9. No it's not raining.

MA, edu cha nadetl'id. Duwe, edu cha nadetl'id.

Possession

111.

1. My

es-

2. Your (singular)

en-

3. His / her

me-

Tahltan Basic Conversation

Page 17

October Lessons

•

4. Whose Jacket is this?

Me kind'et ja'at'e?

12. Your pants.

Entogarat

5. It's my jacket.

Eskind'et ja'at'e.

13. His pants.

Metogatät

14. My, your, his / her hat.

Ests'ahe, ents'ahe, mets'ahe.

15. My, your, his / her shoes.

Eske, mice, meke.

1111 1111

Passing objects. 6. It's your jacket.

Enkind'et ja'at'e.

7. It's his / her jacket.

Mekina'et ja'at'e.

1. Give it to me!

De'! Esghan'a / esghanhchush! (TC, DL) Esghan'ä / esghänhchilsh! (I)

2. Here, take it!

Na'!

3. Give me my coat.

Eskina'et de'. Eskind'et esghanhchush. (TC, DL) Eslcind'et esghänhchash. (I)

4. Give me your shirt.

En'eje de'. En'eje esghanhchush. (TC, DL) En'eje esghanhchush. (I)

1111 411

1111

1• 8. It's my shirt.

▪

En'eje ja'at'e.

9. It's your shirt.

En'eje ja'at'e.

10. It's his shirt.

Me'eje ja'at'e.

11. My pants.

Estogata1

111

Page 18

Tahltan Basic Conversation

Tahkan Basic Conversation

Page 19

October Lessons

5. Give me his / her shoes.

Meke de'. Meke esghan'a. (TC, DL) Meke esghan'a. (I)

111

6. Give me my pants.

1-Give me his hat.

Estogatat de'. Estogatal esghanhchush. (TC, DL) Estogatät esghänchftsh. (I)

Mets'ahe de'. Mets'ahe esghan'a. (TC, DL) (I) Mets'ahe

Sas cha ja'at'e.

Ch'iyone ch5 nes'in.

4. I see a little wolf.

Ch'iyone tsedle nes'in. Ch'iyene da'ätsedle nes'in.

5. This is my good coat.

Eskind'et ti'e ja'at'e. Eskina'ede ti'e ja'at'e.

6. Thane are your good shoes.

Enke ti'e ja'at'e.

7. This is his good shirt.

Me'eje ti'e ja'at'e.

1111

Adjectives 1. This is a big black bear.

3. I see a big wolf.

/111

Activities 1. What are you doing?

Duda äneini?

2. I'm picking berries.

Jije unesbe.

1111 2. This is a small black bear.

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Tahitan Basic Conversation

Sas tsedle ja'at'e. Sas da'atsedle ja'at'e.

1111

Tahitan Basic Conversation

Page 21

October Lessons

3. I'm fishing.

Use E.

4. I'm going hunting.

Ejidesat

5. I'm walking.

6. (S)he's walking.

5. What are you fishing for?

Ye kah unhee? Ye kah da' unht'e?

6. I'm fishing for sockeye.

Dek'ane kah ust'e.

7. What are you going hunting for?

Ye kah ejidindall Ye kah da' ejidinda.,t?

8. I'm going hunting for moose.

Kedd kah ejidesät.

Desa.

Dedd.

Post Positional Phrases I. What is (s)he fishing for?

Ye kah uhee? Ye kah da' uhee?

l►

i t

2. (S)he's fishing for trout.

Saba'e kah uhre.

3. What is (s)he going hunting for?

Ye kah ejidadat? Ye kah da' ejidadAt?

; 4. (S)he's going hunting for black bear.

Sas kah ejidädal.

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Tahltan Basic Conversation

Page 23

November Lessons

In Introductions

2. This is my mother.

Edla ja'at'6.

3. This is my father.

Ete'e ja'at'e.

4. I see my older brother.

Ediye nes'in.

5. I see my younger brother.

Eschidle nes'in.

6. I see my older sister.

Edade nes'in.

7. I see my youger sister.

Esdedze nes'in.

10.

1. Where do you live?

2. I live in town.

3. I live in the bush.

Dada nande? (TC, DL) De'cda nande? (I)

•

Tainh nasde. (TC, DL) Tarnh nasdeh. (I)

Dechinh tah nasde. (TC, DL) Dechinh tah nasdeh. (I)

/ 1,3

Food 4. I live in Telegraph. _ I live in Iskut. IC I live in Dease Lake.

TlegO'in nasde / nasdeh. Luwechen nasde / nasdeh. Tatl'ah nasde / nasdeh.

5. I live over there.

Ahyigi nasde / nasdeh. Ahlt nasde / nasdeh.

1.Are you hungry?

Dinbeda?

2. Yes, I'm hungry.

E, desbet.

3. No, I'm not hungry.

Ma, edfi desbet. Duwe, eda desbet.

4. What do you want?

Yeda enlin? Yeda enline? (I)

Family relations

Who is this? 1. Who

Page 24

Tahitan Basic Conversation

Meda at'e? Meda didi at'e?

Tahltan Basic Conversation

Page 25

November Lessons

_-5. I want food.

Bede eneslin. Bede enesline. (I)

13. (S)he wants fish.

Luwe enelin. Luwe eneline. (I)

6. I want meat.

Etsen' eneslin. Etsen' enesline. (I)

14. (S)he wants dry fish.

Luwe esgan enelin Luwe ts'ehgani eneline. (I)

Weather

7. I want dry meat.

Etsen' gane eneslin. Etsen' gane enesline. (I)

8. I want soup.

Tazet eneslin. Tazel enesline. (I)

- C-

1. Is it windy?

Nats'iya?

2. Yes, it's windy.

E, nats'i. (TC, DL)

Yeda enelin? What does (s)he want? Yeda eneline? (I)

10. (S)he wants bannock.

Suknen seht'ehi enelin. (TC, DL) Sulcnen ts'eht'ehi eneline. (I)

11. (S)he wants potatoes.

K'unts enelin. K'unts eneline. (I)

si -12. (S)he wants salt.

Page 26

Tahitan Basic Conversation

nats'ih. (I)

Etkukh enelin. Etkii eneline. (I) Tahitan Basic Conversation

Page 27

November Lessons

3": No, it's not windy.

Ma, edu nats'i. (TC, DL) Duwe, eda nats'ih. (I)

4. Is it cold outside?

Hosdli ah'ena? Ah'ene hosdlid?

47Here is the gun.

Janji find. .Tani ja' ana. 4gto, .va

5. Where are the bullets?

Etuteygh edida? (TC, DL) Eduteyghe edida? (I)

4g%', :!1'weineeogrei

5. Yes, it's cold outside.

6. No, it's not cold outside.

7. It's freezing up.

E, hosdli ah'ene. ah'ene hosdlih.

6. Here are the bullets.

Janji etuteygh / eduteyghe. Jani ja' etuteygh / eduteyghe.

Ma, eda hosdli ah'ene. Duwe, ecla ah'ene hosdlih.

7. Where is the trap?

Khet edida?

Tanhata.

8. Here is the trap.

Janji khet. Jani ja' khet.

9. Here's the packsack.

Janji uti. Janji (DL) Jani ja' uti.

10. Here's the pack.

Janji khet Jani ja' khe-t.

111

Finding Things slit, Where is the knife?

Hes edida? Hes idida? (I)

1111 1111

2. Here is the knife.

Janji bes. Jani ja' bes.

3. Where is the gun?

Una edida? Una idida? (I)

111

1. What is that man fishing for?

Page 28