Children's Dictionary Typed

Tahltan Children's Illustrated Dictionary Participants: Colin Carter, linguist Patrick Carlick, Language Assistant Elders: Edith Carlick, Susan Dennis, Agnes Hunter, Mabel Dennis, Freddie Quock Illustrations by Leaf Thunderstorm Copyright © 1994, Tahltan Tribal Council

Table of Contents Table of Contents.................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................3 Explanation of Dictionary Entries.........................................................................................4 Tahltan to English ................................................................................................................6

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

2

Introduction This book is the first edition of the Tahltan Children's Illustrated Dictionary. It's development stretches over several years of intermittent work funded by B.C.'s Ministry of Education. It is patterned in style after the Central Carrier Illustrated Children's Dictionary produced under the direction of the Yinka Dene Language Institute in Vanderhoof, BC. The purpose of the dictionary is not to be a technical reference to Tahltan, but to provide a broader source of example words and sentences than is currently available for those who are interested in the Tahltan language. I have tried to include a broad scope of common words and sentence structures in the approximately XXX stems in the Tahltan to English section.

The English to Tahltan section was created by including the words from the main entries of the Tahltan to English section and all other new words from the example sentences. For this reason, it has about 1675 entries and provides a broader reference than the Tahltan to English section.

Acknowledgments I am indebted to all who have helped complete this project. Pat Carlick, my language assistant helped a lot in the initial phases of gathering words and example sentences.

Several elders have also bad a great part in checking and rechecking major portions of the dictionary, most notably Agnes Hunter, Susan Dennis, Mabel Dennis and Freddie Quock, all from Iskut, and Edith Carlick from Telegraph Creek. Thank you all! I also want to express my appreciation to my boss, Pat Edzerza, Tribal Council president, for a great deal of freedom to work as I saw fit. I hope that I have honored that trust in the work that I have done.

Illustrations Leaf Thunderstorm, a resident of the Telegraph Creek area, provided the majority of the illustrations for the Tahltan to English section. She did an excellent job of providing attractive and relevant illustrations for many of the example sentences.

Funding The funding for this project was provided by B.C's Ministry of Education and has been administered by the Tahltan Tribal Council. I hope that this dictionary will prove useful as a tool for learning about Tahltan and will stimulate interest in the Tahltan language.

Colin Carter. linguist Tahltan Tribal Council

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

3

Explanation of Dictionary Entries The dictionary has two main sections, a Tahltan to English section and an English to Tahltan section. The Tahltan to English section is in the first half of the dictionary and contains all of the illustrated entries1. The English to Tahltan section is in the second half of the book and is in a two column format similar to many English dictionaries. The general format of these entries is illustrated in the following two sections.

1

Stress is indicated in the original by bolded text. This copy does not show stress.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

4

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

5

Tahltan to English

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

6

a a.das.lā

v.

a.das.la

made, I

a.din.dī

saying, you are

ah.'e.ne

I made the moccasins myself

v.

"Dūda adindī?" ete'e udehkit.

"What arc you saying?" father asked

adv

ah.’en

outside

a.ha.dīł

Sini ja' e ejideh kē adaslā.

Kuji ah'ene tidādāł.

Now she's going outside.

v.

Khaye ahadīł.

getting to be, it's

It's getting to be winter.

ah.de.'e

adv.

Ahde'e heskē.

ah.de.ge

adv

Ahdege tuhdā det’ah.

back there

They're sitting back there.

Also heskeh.

up there

ah.di.gi

There's an eagle flying up there.

adv

Ahdigi ch'iyōne nes’ īn.

up there

Ah.di.gi de.ne ti.'e

I see a wolf up there

n.

Ahdigi dene ti'e tsedze dene dadihehā.

God Literally, the good man up there.

God loves all the people.

Ah.di.gi de.ne ti.'e k'u.ge

Uwēt’ē Ahdigi dene ti'e k'uge k'eh hosē

Bible Literally God's book.

I always read the Bible.

ah.nāt

adv

other side, across

ah.tse.'e

ah.nā.di

Dūgi khihgah, ahnāt tehmīł dadītl’ūł.

This evening, we'll set a net on the other side.

Possibly daditl'uł

adv

Ahtse'e kedā nazet.

down there

A moose is standing down there.

Also khedā

a.hu.ja

Hone ahuja.

happened, it

It happened just now.

Also hone'.

ah.yi.gi over there

adv

Eskinā'edā ahyigi sehchūzh?

Is that my coat sitting over there?

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

7

Also shehchūzh

a.la

v

Esbē'e esdaga bāt ala.

made, (s)he

a.na.desh.ja

My aunt made me some mittens

v

na.desh.ja

went home, (s)he

a.nas.ja

After she danced, she went home.

v

Kidzōk'eh eshya'e, kuji soga anasja.

became/got, I

an.dēs.dāł

Yesterday I was sick, but I got better now.

v

Tiye hodeszet, kuji andēsdāł.

going home, I'm

an.lā

It's too late, so now I’m going home.

v

Dīghi anlā?

make, did you

a.na.desh.ja

Did you make tea?

v

na.desh.ja

went home, (s)he

a.nas.ja

v

Kidzōk'eh eshya'e, kuji soga anasja.

Yesterday I was sick, but I got better now.

v

Tiye hodeszet, kuji andēsdāł.

going home, I'm

an.lā

īlīn tl’ā, anadeshja.

After she danced, she went home.

became / got, I

an.dēs.dāł

īlīn tl’ā, anadeshja.

It's too late, so now I’m going home.

v

Dīghi anlā?

make, did you

Did you make tea?

an.t’īn doing, you are

v

ān.t'in

as.lah made, I

v

Ediye daga ech aslah.

I made a shirt for my older brother.

as.t’īn

v

"Soga ast'īn," yehdī.

doing, I'm

as.geh

"I'm doing fine," he said.

Also ehdih.

n

thigh, rump

a.t’ē

v

Kedā asgeh etsen' utlān.

Mēda at’ē?

Who is he?

v

doing, (s)he is

a.yi.lah

as.geh

There is a lot of meat in a moose thigh.

Also khedā.

is, (s)he

a.t’ī.ni

Duda ast'īn dugi dzenes.

What are you doing today?

E eghadēn dūda at'īni?

What is the woman doing?

v

Khaye ejideh bāt ayilah

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

8

made, (s)he

In the winter, she made skin mitts.

āh snowshoes

n

Ah łitadēslēł.

I'm going to buy snowshoes.

The words for snowshoes and fog can often not be distinguished from each other.

āh fog

n

Dūgi chachōlone łāni āh tōdiht'eh.

It's really foggy this morning.

Older speakers say that the word for fog is held longer than the word for snowshoes.

ā.leł melting, it is

v

E zas tene k'eh āleł.

The snow on the road is melting.

ā.ni come here

v

āni, meneslīn nes’ī Come here, I want to see you.

Also meneslīne.

ā.se.da steelhead

n

T'atl'ā eyinh āseda tanadī.

The steelhead run in the fall.

b -bāt mittens

n

Esbāde łān sezeł.

My mittens are really warm.

The t in bat changes to d when it is in a possessed form.

be.de food

n

Bede esghāt dutsān.

I ran out of food.

beh.geh.yā.le butterfly

n

beł sleep

n

beł a.ni.se.nā vp sleepy, you are? beł a.si.la

beh.keh.yā.le, beł.ke.yā.le Behgehyāle k'ināt’ah.

The butterfly is flying around. łān beł ełihkanh.

He really loves sleep.

Beł anisenā k'aji?

Are you sleepy also?

vp

Beł asila, kuji andēsdāł

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

9

sleepy, I'm

I'm sleepy, so I'm going home.

bes river bank

n

Deyti' bes ghage nazet.

The bull moose was standing on the river bank.

-bē’e aunt (father's sister)

n

Esbē’e dahts'i' yedāł.

My aunt is coming over to us.

bes knife

n

Bēs esghanin'ā.

Loan me a knife.

ch cha.bā.’e poplar tree

n

E denezā' chabā'e dehkhitl tsets daga.

The man is cutting poplar for firewood.

cha.chā tomorrow

adv

Chachā dūda adīnt'īl?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

cha.chō.lo.ne morning

adv

.cha.me sweetheart

n

Dechame daga et’āne łitanila.

He bought flowers for his sweetheart.

-chā

n

Eshchā daga k'idā'et nidihehūsh.

I bought a skirt for my granddaughter.

cha.chōn

granddaughter Term used by a woman.

Meneslīn chachōlone k’inasdā I like to walk around in the morning.

Also meneslīne.

-chā n grandson Term used by a woman.

Eshchā ests'i' īgits.

My grandson wrote to me.

chā rain

n

K'aji chā nandestl'id.

It's starting to rain again.

-chā.ge ribs

n

Eshchidle hok'edits'edi mechage łegas.

My younger brother fell down and broke his ribs.

-chānh mother.in.law -chē.le fish tail

n n

E denezā' dechānh dihchā.

The man loves his mother.in.law.

Mechēle łeyt’āts.

I cut its tail off.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

10

-chi.dle brother, younger

n

chi.ghēt pillow

n

chił cache

n

Eshchidle eskohodē.

My little brother is calling me.

Also eskohodeh. che.ghēt

Chosh chighēt łāni eti'e.

Feather pillows are really good.

Also tsi.'ātl for pillow.

E chił bede eł dene'ān.

The cache is full of food.

-chi.me n nephew (sister's son) Term used by a woman.

Eshchime honeh k'eh tādāł My nephew is walking up the hill.

-chi.me son

E denezā' dechime eł kedā kahōneh'īn.

The man and his son are looking for moose.

Also khedā.

n

-chi.me ts'i.yā.ne n daughter.in.law Literally means "son's wife".

Eshchime ts'iyāne dihchā.

I love my daughter.in.law.

-chi.ne back

n

Eschine tāhda tsets dedesgēhi.

I hurt my back carrying wood.

Also tāybdah

chosh feather

n

Nenh k'eh chosh yes'īn.

I saw feathers on the ground

chō big / large

adj

u.cho.hi

Gah chō siluh.

I snared a big rabbit

ch’ ch’ā.ji across

pp

Esnalādi tū tsedle ninitān.

I left my boat across from the creek.

ch’āsh set line

n

Dūgi chachōlone ch'āsh nāst’īn.

I checked the set line this morning.

"I checked" (nāst’īn) may also be k'ānseshja

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

11

ch'āt away from

pp

E tlī’ ch'āt tēdehtl’ā'.

He ran away from the dog.

ch'i.le old, torn up

adj

E ts'isā ch'ile eł mek'e'inhdē.

Clean it up with that old rag.

Also mek'e'enhdē

ch’i.yō.ne wolf

n

Ch'iyōne etsey dists'ek.

I heard the wolf howl.

Also etseyghi.

ch'oh quill

n

Dech'uwe ch'ohe dadech'ok.

A porcupine's quills are sharp.

Also dech'ok.

d -da' beak, its

n

Tsesk'iye meda' uchoh.

The raven has a large beak.

b.'a.ha.k'o.dlē a little while

adv

da.'ā.ch'o.de short

adj

E dene tan da'ach'ode.

That person is really short.

da.'ā.k'o.dle short

adj

E eghadēn da'āk'odle łān medi'eti'e.

The short woman is very kind.

da.'as.tse.dle small, I am / was

adj

da.'ā.tse.dle small

adj

E kinā'et da'ātsedle. E edōne ts'i' eti'e.

The coat is small. It's good for the child.

da.'ā.ts'ī.dle little / less

adv

Tsets da'āts'īdle dīhk'an' dūgi khaye.

I burned less wood this winter.

Possibly means "I burned a little wood"

da.'e down

pp

Tū dese da'e yet’ał.

It's flying down the river.

da.de.ne.gāg

v

da.'ā.k’o.dle Da'ahak'odle uht'e.

He's been fishing a little while.

da.'ās.tse.dlē Da'āstsedle, dists'eze kah ejinasā.

When I was small, I hunted squirrels.

Also dests'eze.

da.de.negāk Demā daga dadenegāg.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

12

praying, (s)he's

He's praying for his mother.

da.de.nen.dos boiling it, (s)he is

v

da.de.neh.dos boiling, it is

v

dā.neh.dos

E eghadēni tū dadenehdos dīghi daga.

The woman is boiling water for tea.

E tū dadenehdos.

The water is boiling.

da.dēs.tl'ūł v set (net), I am going to

Dūgi khihgah tehmīł dadēstl'ūł.

I'm going to set net this evening

da.dī.chish v set up (tent), we will

Dāda e ts'isā khit dadīchish?

Where will we set up the tent?

da.dī.tl'ūł v set (net), we are going to

Chachā tehmīł dadītl’ūł Tomorrow we'll set net.

da.ga for

pp

Yē daga da' ant'īn?

What are you doing that for?

Also ānt’īn

da.gay swan

n

-dah about

pp

Edū esdah hodindē.

Don't talk about me.

dahus

pro

Dandaga kudinhk'ā.

Light the fire for us.

Also kodinhk'ā.

dahour

pro

Dahtsedze ja'at'ē.

This is our wood.

dahyours (plural)

pro

Dahluwe dāda dahsahłā?

Where did you hang your fish?

-da.hi clothes

n

E t'ēde łān dedahi eti'e eseda The girl is wearing her really good clothes.

Also medahi.

dah.kā.le raspberries

n

dah.kā.le

Edū meneslīn dahkāle unūsbē.

I don't like picking raspberries.

da.jin singing, they are

v

da.jinh

Kuji no'odālełi, dzime gat k'eh dajin.

It's springtime and the birds are singing in the

de.gay

Dagay det'oh k'eh sēda The swan is sitting on its nest.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

13

trees. da.khu.ni ourselves

pro

E sas dek'ali dakhuni nesit'īn.

We saw the white bear ourselves.

da.khu.nī ours

pro

E tsīł sinh'ān, edū dakhunī ja'.

Leave the axe alone, it's not ours.

da.nes.da sat down, (s)he

v

Ho'idehts'edi ghah, danesda.

He sat down because he is tired.

da.ni.ge beaver pond

n

da.ne.ge

E kedā yes'uni danige gah.

He shot the moose by the beaver pond.

Also khedā.

da.seh.tān v da.yeh.tān Edlā tū dasehtān k'otl kēt. put up, (s)he Mother put up water in a bucket.

Means to put a pot on a stove or fire for heating. da.seh.tī v da.yeh.tī E t'ēde tū dasehtī dahgāhu daga. putting up, (s)he is The girl is putting up water for our coffee.

Means to put on a fire or stove for heating . da.shi.chūzh set up (a tent), we

v

Tū dese gah ts'isā khit dashichūzh.

We set the tent up by the river.

da-tēł v sleep (camp), (s)he is going to

E denezā' dechinh tah łakwē ihtl’ēge datēł.

The man is going to sleep in the forest two nights.

da.yah.k'as v carrying (in it's mouth), it is

"E tuhtsey łuwe dayahk'as," yehdī.

"The loon is carrying a fish," said the man.

Also ehdih.

-dā' eye

n

Ts'egade esdā' ts'et.

I've got a speck of dirt in my eye.

-dā’du.we blind Literally, no eyes.

adj

E dene medā' duwe That person is blind.

dā.da when

adv

Mānīse dāda dehedi utsedzi.

Maybe he'll eat when he's hungry.

dā.da where

adv

Dāda hots'ih enk'inātl’ēhi nidīntīl?

Where are you going to buy your truck?

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

14

dā.ge on top

pp

E dene nājodle dāge sedah.

The man is sitting on top of the knoll.

dā.nā money

n

K'as dānā int’īnā?

Do you have any money.

dā.nā.shū fifty cents

n

Didi k'uk'ā dānāshū met'adē'ān I paid fifty cents for this cup.

dā.ne n spring, after snow melts -dā.neh.gha' beard, mustache

n

Kuji dāne, et'āne kaładēstl’id.

Now it is spring and the leaves arc budding. dā.ne.gha'

E dene medānehgha' łān desghosi.

The man's beard is really bushy.

-dā.ze n nephew (sister's son) Term used by a man.

Esdāze yenelīn edehtl’ē.

My nephew wants to drive Also enelīne

-dā.ze n niece (sister's daughter) Term used by a man.

Esdāze elī kime yes'īn.

I saw my niece at the dance hall.

de' give it!

v

De'!

Give it to me!

de.’e behind

pp

Dahli'e dahkime de'e sedah.

Our dog stays behind our house.

de.’e.da where to

adv

"Inta' de'eda deshyā?" cdlā ychdih.

"Where did your father go?" mother said.

Also enta' and ehdih

de.bē v swimming, (s)he / it is

E deyō' menh kēt debē.

The bull moose is swimming in the lake.

de.bē.he sheep

n

de.bē.hi

Debēhe tōdiht’eh dzeł k'eh.

There are lots of sheep on the mountain.

de.chi e.khi.dli woodpecker

n

Dechi ekhidli nisādi desits'ek.

We heard the woodpecker a long way away.

Also dechi eghidle or dechi ekhidle.

de.chinh stick

n

E eskiye dechinh tēnikhił The boy threw the stick in the water.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

15

de.chi.tl'e.je saskatoon berries

n de.chi.tl’e.dze

Edlā dechitl'eje tōdiht’ē yehganh Mother dried plenty of saskatoon berries

de.ch'āsh.de crooked

adj neh.eh'āsh.de

E gat tiye dech'āshde sahe daga.

The tree is too crooked for a tent pole.

de.ch'oh sharp, pointed

adj de.ch'ok

Tāk'atl dech'oh.

The needle is sharp.

de.ch'u.we porcupine

n

Dech'uwe ch'ohe tōdiht’eh.

The porcupine has many quills.

de.dā walking, (s)he is

v

Gat tah sahni dedā.

He is walking amongst the trees by himself.

Also sanhni

de.dāt den, its

n

E sas dedāt hoyēgēt.

The bear went into its den.

Also hoghēgēt.

de.di.ni (s)he

pro

Dedini k'aji dahts'inadi'.

He too is helping us.

de.di.ni that person

pro

Dedini ja' at'īn.

That person is the one who did it.

de.di.ti lightning Tahltan

n

Kidzōk'eh ihtl'ēge deditī utlān.

Last night there was a lot of lightning.

de.di.ye groundhog de.gach hard

Meneslīn dediye kah ejinasā dzeł k'eh I like to hunt marmots on the mountain.

Also meneslīne and ejidesa'. adj

de.gaj

de.ga.dze adj smooth May also mean "slippery.' de.ge go away

v

de.ghāts rough

adj

E tsē łān degach.

That rock is really hard.

E tse tan degadze.

The rock was really smooth.

de-ge.nah

Dege, enghasts'et.

Go away, I'm tired of you.

E dene mela' tan deghats.

That man has really rough hands.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

16

de. kos cold / cough, a

n

Dekos asila.

I caught a cold.

de.k'al white

adj de.k'a.li

Tlī' dek'al tēdehgēt.

The white dog ran away

de.le.ghe soft

adj

Ek'ah nāghēn deleghe.

Melted fat is soft.

den da.de.ne.gā.gi ki.me n church Literally, a house where people pray den ke.'eh.di de.ne teacher

Den dadenegāgi kime hots'idēsāł.

I’m going to the church

n den kō.deh.’ī de.ne Dūgi dzenēs denke'ehdī dene ts'ōdesē I talked to the teacher today.

den tin.de.de.łi ki.me n outhouse

Den tindedełi kime uwēt’ē khit de'e se'ān.

The outhouse is always behind the house

de.na-'ān full

adj de.ne.'ān

E k'otl tū eł dena'ān The bucket is full of water.

den.da.kē.da grave

n da.kē.di

E denezā' dendakēda gah nazet.

The man is standing by the grave.

dene person, man

n

E dene mēde at'ē?

Who is that person?

de.ne me.kā.ge da.se.dā n chair Literally means, "a person sits on it."

dc-ne me.k'eh se.da E dene mekāge dasedā k'edasinda.

Sit on the chair

de.ne me.kā.ge se.tīn n bed Literally means "a person sleeps on it".

dc.ne me.k'eh se.tīn Dene mekāge setīn k'eh na'adenisk'āts I rested on the bed.

de.nes.tl’ets black

adj

E kedā łān denestl'ets.

The moose was really black.

Also khedā

de.ne ti.'e boss

n

Esdene ti'e łāni huyān.

My boss is very smart

de.ne ts'e.ne skeleton (human)

n

E dene honeh dene ts'ene ilah.

The man found a skeleton on the hillside.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

17

Literally means "a person's bones."

Also hohneh.

de.ne.zā' man

n

E denezā' hogha'īła.

The man is working,

de.ni.tsu.gi brown

adj

E esēje denitsugi de'.

Get me my brown shirt.

den. ła.dih.t'ē twenty

num

Denładiht’ē łuwe esgan eneslīn.

I want twenty dried fish.

Also łuwe gane eneslīne.

de.sā walking, I'm

Meneslīn tsē k'eh desā.

I like to walk in the mountains.

Also menesline.

des.bet hungry, I'm

adj

des.bē swimming, I am ,

v

Tiye deshet. Edū meneslīn hogha'īsła.

I'm too hungry. I don't want to work.

Also meneslīne.

Meneslīn menh kēt desbē.

I like to swim in the lake Also meneslīne.

des.de.li n sucker fish Smooth scaled, round mouth fish.

Desdeli tiye anet’ē ts'enh it’ īn A sucker fish has too many bones.

des.’ān bow

n

Esdaga dechinh kadindā des'ān daga.

Go get me a stick for a bow.

de.si.ts'ek heard, we

v

Kidzōk'eh ihtl'ēge ch'iyōne etsēy desits'ek We heard a wolf howl last night.

Also etsēyghi.

des.k'an' burning, it is

v

K'at kon' desk'an'.

The fire is burning already.

des.t’ās cutting, I am

v

Tsets dest’ās kon' daga.

I'm cutting wood for the fire.

des.ts'e.ze squirrel

n

dis̱ .ts̱ 'e.ze

Dests'eze elāsgēnze etsets The squirrel is eating a pine cone.

Also elāsgēze.

desh.jit smells, it

v

desh.jet

E et’āne łān soga deshjit The flower smells really good.

dis.'ān

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

18

de.t'ās cutting. (s)he is

Ete'e tenōk'āge tsets det’ās.

Father is cutting wood by the road

de.tl'īsh.de adj blue also used for green

Yazā łān detl'īshde dūgi dzenēs.

The sky is really blue today

de.tl’īsh.de adj Gendām łān detl’īshde tl'oyh eneline. green The horse likes green grass.

Some people use this word only for blue. de.tl’oy fur

n

de.tl’ōkh

Tsa' ka'ast'in detl'oy kah.

I'm hunting beaver for its fur.

de.tsi.dzi red

adj

Detsīdzi kinā'et eseda.

She is wearing a red coat.

de.tsoy yellow

adj de.tso.yi

Dzime detsoy kime yāt'ak.

The yellow bird flew into the house.

de.yā.ze moose, cow

n

E deyāze łige tsiye zedle it'īn.

The cow moose has only one calf.

de.yō' moose, bull

n

E deyō' łān mede' uchohi.

That bull moose has really big horns.

-dē.dze sister, younger

n

Esdēdze selādek.

My younger sister is bothering me.

dē.k'ā.ne sockeye salmon

n

Dēk’āne zedle łān meneslīn I only really like sockeye.

Also meneslīne.

di this (person)

pro

Di dene yenelīn dechi tah at'īn.

This man likes to be in the forest.

Also yenelīne.

-di.'e.ti.'e happy

adj

E dene medi'eti'e dets'iyāne nāt'īn.

The man was happy to see his wife.

-di.'e.ya.'e sad

adj

Medi'eya'e meli'e tasetsāni ghah.

He's sad because his dog died.

di.de.ne native person

n

Didene jasini.

I'm a native person

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

19

di.di this

pro

Didi sas ja'at'ē.

This is a black bear

Di.gā i.sā n August - Faded month Also Et'ān denidełi - leaves getting yellow month dih chicken, grouse

n

Ests'iyāne łān dih ełihkanh.

My wife really likes chicken.

dih.chā loves , (s)he

Detu'e łān dihchā She really loves her daughter

dih.chō grouse, blue

n

No'odālełi eyinh ja' dih chō ekohodē In the spring the blue grouse call.

Also ekahodeh.

din.be.dā hungry, are you

v

K'as dinbedā?

Are you hungry yet?

dis.ts'ek hear, I

Ahde’e dists'eze dists'ek.

I hear a squirrel over there.

-di.ye.kō.ne.līn happy

adj -di.ye.kō.ne.lī.ne Esdiyekōnelīn dāda esdēdze eł nohoshyē.

I'm happy when I play with my younger sister.

dī.ghi tea

n

Enmā daga dīghi dendīł.

Pour tea for your mother.

Also dēndīł.

-dīh.geh glad

adj

Esdīhgeh nōnidzīł I'm glad it got warm.

dīn.dāl going, you are

v

De'eda dīnāl?

Where are you going?

dīn.le.nhi n Indian doctor / medicine man

E dīnlenhi yesdāch.

The Indian doctor put a curse on him.

dō.k'eh when

adv

Dōk’eh da łandīndāl?

When are you coming back?

du.’i.tsan no more

adj

du.tsān

Esdīhgeh łedihi du'itsān I'm glad there's no more candy.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

20

du.de.’hi out, (s)he is / was

v

du.de.'ih

Edlā kōnes'īn, ja' dude'ihi.

I looked for my mother, but she was out

du.de.si.t’ih gone, we are

v

du.hu.de.’hi gone, they were

v

du.we no

int

Duwe, edū łanādāł.

No, he didn't come back.

duwe no/nothing

adj n.

Etsen' duwe e k'otl kēt.

There's no meat in the pot.

dū.da what

pro

Dūda ant'īn?

What are you doing?

Also ānt’ īn

dū.da a.ne.t'ē how many Also dayinlu'i.

adj

dū.gi this (time)

adj

dū.kē go (by boat), let us

v

dūsh cat

n

No'odālełi tsa' kah dudesit'ih Every spring we arc gone for beaver. du.hu.de.’ih

dan.t’ē

Espāne ekune ts'idēyā, ja' duhude'ihi.

I went to my friends, but they were gone

Dūda anet'ē łuwe yinlu'i?

How many fish did you catch?

Dūgi chachōlone ete'e ejideshya.

This morning my father went hunting

dū.kē.hi

Tū dese k'eh nalādi eł duke.

Let's go on the river with a boat Dūsh k'aji dlūne nāsegin.

The cat killed a mouse again.

Also possibly nasehkhin.

dl dlū cold (sickness)

n

Dlū i’ān He caught a bad cold.

dlūn.des.dā.dzi rock rabbit / pika

n

dlūn.des.dā.dze E t'ēde dlūndesdādzi ya'īn.

The girl saw a rock rabbit.

dlūne mouse

n

Dlūne kime k'ināgoch.

The mouse is running around in the house.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

21

dlū.ne chō packrat

E eskiye dlūme chō yehdzos.

The boy trapped a packrat.

dz dza.he.de.t’in unfriendly

adj

Dzahedet'in dene keyeh łādāł.

The unfriendly person came into town.

-dzā chest

n

Esdzā hoya'e.

I'm sick in my chest.

dzā.’a.t’ē bad

adj

Di tehmīł dzā'at'ē egoł, dadēstl’ūł.

Even though this net is bad, I am still going to set it.

-dzās.geh shin

n

Tū yedzāsgeh hot'ālīn.

The water was up to her shins.

dzē gum

n

E t'ēde dzē e'āł edōne kets'edī kime.

The girl is chewing gum in school.

dzēh.tl’enh pitch

n

Dahnalādi dzēhtl'enh ansidlah.

We fixed our boat with pitch.

-dzēs.ba.łe ear

n

Gūh yedzēsbałe sek'as.

The ant bit his ear.

dzi.me bird

n

No'odālełi dzime utłān łandedeł.

In the spring. lots of birds come back.

dz dzeł mountain

n

Edlā dzeł k'eh jije unēbē.

Mother picks berries on the mountain

dze.nēs day

n

Dzenēs hoti'e.

It's a nice day.

e Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

22

e that

pro

E kinā’et sinī ja'.

That coat is mine.

e.bal.dzē mushroom

n e.ba.la.dzē’

De’eda ebaldzē neyē?

Where do mushrooms grow?

e.bet stomach

n

Mashmash mebet łēnet’eh.

A cow has four stomachs.

E.chich i.sā n July - Birds shed their feathers month.

Also Tachōji chō - animals losing winter hair month. e.chi.ne stump

n

Echine tōdiht’eh dāda tsets hedīt’āts.

There are lots of stumps where they cut wood.

e.chish chō blueberry, large.

n e-chīsh chō

Echish chō meneslīn estsets I like to eat blueberries.

e.chosh paddling, (s)he is

v

E eghadēn nalādi echosh.

The woman is paddling the boat.

e.dā.de sister, my older

n

Meneslīn edāde eł nohoshyē.

I want to play with my older sister.

Also nohoshyeh.

e.dān drinking, (s)he is

v

Dāda jije tu' edān, k'odzidi.

Whenever he drinks juice, he gulps it.

Possibly k'odzidih.

e.de' horn (animal)

n

Ede' eti'e bēs tī’ daga.

Horns are good for knife handles.

e.de.'un shoot, (s)he

v

Meta' keyīhden ede'un.

His father taught him to shoot.

e.de.de.chā mean

adj

Ededechā tlī’ dūsh k'inānegoch.

The mean dog chased the cat.

Possibly k'inanegoch.

e.de.de.nīn sharp.

adj

Bēs ededenīn ist'īn I have a sharp knife

e.deh.tl’ē driving. (s)he is

v

Estsiye łān soga edehtl'ē.

My grandfather drives really well

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

23

e.de.k'eh yourself, by

adv

Edek'eh hugha'īnła.

Work by yourself!

Also hogha'īnła

e.de.le blood

n

Nenh k'eh edele yes'īn.

I saw blood on the ground

e.de.nesh.yā chased, (s)he

v

Dāda gendām edeneshyā, kenesghał.

When he chased the horses, he stumbled

e.des.ła.kē twelve

num

Edesłakē dānā enelīne didi ēch daga.

He wants twelve dollars for this shirt

e.des.łēn.t’ē fourteen

num

Ts'ōsnān edestłent’ē tūdi yes'īn menh kēt.

I saw fourteen ducks at the lake.

e.des.łi.ge eleven

num

e.des.łō.la.’e fifteen

num e.de.si.łō.la.’e

Ts'ōsnān edesłōla'e ts'ini ist’īn I have fifteen cousins.

e.des.nās.ła.kē seventeen

num

Ediye edesnāsłakē me’eł khaye ahuja.

My older brother is seventeen years old.

e.des.nās.łēn.t’ē nineteen

num

Ts'ōsnān edesnāsłēnt’ē dēk'āne yilu' tehmīł eł.

We caught nineteen sockeye with the net.

e.des.nās.łi.ge sixteen

num

Ts’ōsnān edesnāsłige etuteygh ist'īn es’ ūnā daga.

I have sixteen shells for my gun.

Also edutēyghe.

e.des.nās.ta'.e eighteen

num

Di k'uk ts’ōsnān edesnāsta'e dānā nadadetset.

This book cost eighteen dollars.

e.des.tā.t’ ē thirteen

num

Esdēdze edestāt’ē me'eł khaye ahuja My younger sister is thirteen years old.

e.des.'unh shot, (s)he

v

łahu ūnā eł edes'unh.

He shot once with the rifle.

Also łahgu.

e.des.dā monster

n

Edesdā łān eneshjet.

I'm really scared of monsters.

e.de.si.łi.ge

Dūgi dzenēs edesłige eseł khaye ahuja I'm eleven years old today.

Literally - eleven winters with me

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

24

(large scary, mythical animal)

Also menesjet

e.de.se n uncle (mother's brother)

Edese eskohodē.

My uncle is calling me.

Also eskohodeh.

e.dē n aunt (mother's sister)

Edē kinā'et esghanihehūsh.

My aunt gave me a jacket.

e.dē.'unh shot, I

v

Ete'e ūnā eł edē'unh.

I shot my dad's gun.

e.di.ye brother, older

n

Ediye ests'inadi' tsets desit’ās My older brother is helping me cut wood

e.dō.ne child

n

E edōne łān huyān.

The child is very smart.

e.dō.ne tse.dle n baby Literally "a little child”

Edōne tsedle etseyh debedi ghah.

The baby is crying because she's hungry

e.dū not

adv

E tsa' edū yes'īn.

I did not see the beaver.

e.dū me.'es.di know, I don't

vp

Edū me'esdih de'eda deshyā.

I don't know where he went.

e.dlā mother, my

n

Edlā łān soga eht'ēs.

My mother cooks really well.

e.dzē' n heart The initial e is dropped in a sentence.

Meneslīn kedā dzē' estsets.

I like to eat moose heart.

Also khedā.

e.gits writing, (s)he is

v

K'uk k'eh egits.

He is writing in the book

e.goł though

adv

Enēsdān egoł, k'a'a estsets.

Even though I'm full, I'm still eating.

e.gha.dēn woman

n

E eghadēn dedahi ghata'ots.

The woman is washing her clothes

e.gha.dēn ē.je

n

Eghadēn ēje mōnelīn

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

25

dress Literally, a woman's shirt.

The dress is beautiful.

Also mōnelīne.

e.gha.ye root

n

Honāzē eghaye yige hoyēgēt.

The chipmunk ran under the root.

Also hoghēgēt

e.ghi.ghe marrow

n

Meneslīn eghighe estsets.

I like to eat marrow.

e.ghu.desh.chi.ne limb

n

Eghudeshchine eł kudesik'ān.

We made a fire with limbs.

Also kodesik'ān.

eh.bēts boiled, (s)he

v

Ests'iyāne esdaga etsen' ehbēts.

My wife boiled meat for me.

e.he.ne.līn want, they.

v e.he.ne.li.ne

ładūnya' ehenelīn They want you to come.

eh.sē tanning, (s)he is

v

Eststū kedā zes ehsē.

Grandmother is tanning a moose hide.

Also khedā.

eh.t’ēs cooking, (s)he is

v

Etsen' eht’ēs edōne daga.

She's cooking meat for the children.

eh.ts’ē lapping, it is

v

yeh.tsʼē

E tlī’ tū ehts'ē.

The dog is lapping water.

e.ji.da.dāł v hunting, (s)he is going

Tsa' kah ejidadāł.

He is going hunting for beaver.

e.ji.deh n skin / hide (tanned)

Edlā ejideh kinā'et esdaga ala.

Mother made a skin jacket for me.

e.ji.deh kē moccasins

Edlā uwēt’ē ejideh kē gha’ła.

Mother is always working on moccasins.

n

e.ji.dē.sāł v hunting, I am going

Ediye eł ejidēsāł I am going hunting with my older brother.

e.ji.dī.deł v hunting, we are going

Chachā ejidīdeł.

We are going hunting tomorrow.

e.ji.hi.da.deł

Tsedze dene ejihidadeł.

v

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

26

hunting, they are going

A lot of people are going hunting.

e.jin.ā.ya hunting, (s)he is

v

e.ji.nā.dā

Dediye kah dzeł k'eh ejināya.

He's hunting on the mountain for groundhog.

e.jin.dā go away

v

E t’ēde eskiye ts'i', "Ejindā,'' yehdi.

"Go away," the girl said to the boy.

e.jin.tī open, you

v

E k'akhādi ejintī.

Open the door.

e.jinh v (s)he / it is singing

Ah'ene k'astsih ejinh.

Outside a Robin is singing.

e.ko.ho.dē calling, it is

v

e.ko.ho.deh, e.ka.ho.deh Deyjō ekohodē.

The bull moose is calling

e.k'ah fat

n

Ek'ah ts'ih tleyh asla.

I made grease out of fat

e.k'ā.ni new

adj

Meneslīn es'ūnā ek'āni eł edus'unh.

I want to shoot my new gun.

Also: Meneslīne esūnā'e ek'āni eł edus'un.

e.k'ān khit smoke house

n

e.la’ bark

n

e.lās.gēn.ze n cone (evergreen tree) e.līn dancing, (s)he is

e.k'ān khi.de Ek'ān khit yige łuwe siganh We are drying fish in the smoke house.

Ts'ōstsiye la' non' ti'e ja'at'ē.

Balsam bark is good medicine. e.lās.gē.ze

T'atl'ā elāsgēnze nenh kāge hōdoht’eh.

In the fall, there are many pine cones on the ground.

Dechame eł elīn.

She is dancing with her sweetheart.

eł with

pp

Deta' eł ejinjāya.

He's hunting with his father.

eł bough

n

Ts'isā khit yige eł ninesidla.

We put some boughs in the tent.

e.łih.kanh

v

Kedā tsen' łāni ełihkanh.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

27

loves, (s)he

She really loves moose meat.

enyour (singular)

pro

Enjije tu' dīndī.

Drink your juice.

e.na’ look!

exp

Ena', e khoh hohnene nazet.

Look, there's a bear standing on the hillside

e.ne.dīn.tē.lā v camp / sleep out, will you?

Enedīntēlā dāda ejidinya de'?

Are you going to sleep out if you go hunting?

e.ne.kā.ge dried fish strips

n

e.na.kā.ge

Enekāge ede'eł dēlah.

I took some dried fish strips with me

e.ne.līn wants, (s)he

v

e.ne.lī.ne

Ts'ōsnān dānā enelīn.

He wants ten dollars.

Also ts' ōsnāne.

e.nes.līn want, I

v

e.nes.lī.ne

Bede eneslīn.

I want some food.

e.nes.dān v full, (s)he is (sated)

Enesdān egoł, k'a'a etsets.

Even though he is full, he is still eating

e.ne.si.dlīn want, we

v

e.ne.si.dlī.ne łakē dēk'āne enesidlīn.

We want two sockeye.

e.nēs.dān full, I am

v

łān enēsdān kehe edlā soga eht’ēs.

I’m really full because my mother cooks well.

en.līn want, you

v ēn.līn, en.lī.ne

Yēda enlīn estsʼeh?

What do you want from me?

en.ts'i.nōs.di.’i help you, let me

v

Ents'inōsdi'i tscts dint'ās.

Let me help you cut wood.

en.tsets eat, you

v

esmy

pro

Ests'ahe idīda?

Where's my hat?

Also edīda.

es.da.’u.ha. tsʼet forgot, I

v

E t'ēde "Esda'uhats'et," yehdih.

The girl said, "I forgot."

Also ehdih.

ēn.tsets

Entsets, dūnbedi si.

Eat or you'll get hungry

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

28

es.do.'ē.ts'et forgot, I

v

E dene mezi' esdo' ēts'et.

I forgot that person's name

es.dōn.dech tell me

v

Esdōndech dūda eyinh ładēsāl Tell me how to get there.

e.se.'e.di.ye n se.'e.di.ye sister-in-law (brother's wife)

Ese'ediye eł na'anesidlūs.

I'm sewing with my sister-in-law.

es.gits writing, I am

v

Ests'ini ts'i' esgits.

I am writing to my friend.

es.ki.ye boy

n

is.ki.ye

Tsedze eskiye kē soga kehādīł.

All the boys are learning well.

es.k'e.'e.dluh v laughing at me, (s)he is

Yē ghah da' et'ēde esk'e'edluh?

Why is that girl laughing at me?

es.tseyh crying, I am

Hok'edists'edi ghah estseyh.

I'm crying because I fell.

v

es.tsī building, I am es.ganh skinny, thin

Esgendām daga k'anākhanh estsī I'm building a fence for my horse.

Also esgendāme. adj

E tlī’ tsedle esganh.

The little dog is skinny.

es.got poked / stabbed, (s)he

E eskiye tsa' dehch'ūl, dela' esgot.

When the boy was skinning a beaver, he poked his hand.

e.si.dlīn danced, we

v

e.si.dlī.ne

Esidlīn t'ēyedehkān.

We danced till daylight.

es.tenh frozen, it's

v

E kedā tsen' k'a'a estenh.

The moose meat is still frozen.

Also khedā.

es.t’ēs cooking, I am

v

K'unts łuwe eł est'ēs.

I'm cooking potatoes with fish.

es.tsets eating, I am

v

Tiye łedihi estsets.

I'm eating too much candy.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

29

esh.ya.'e sick, I am

adj

Edū ah'en tidēsāł eshya'ē ghah.

I'm not going out because I'm sick.

e.te.'e father, my

n

Ete'e ejināya.

My father is hunting.

e.ti.'e good

adj

Didi kinā'et eti'e.

This is a good coat

e.tu.teygh bullets

n

e.tu.teygh zes bullet pouch

n e.du.tey.ghe zes

Kāzā etuteygh zes edū ēwndī Don't forget the bullet pouch.

Also Khāzā edutēygh zes edū ōndī

e.t’a.nesh.ji.de bat (animal)

n

Et'aneshjide ihtl'ēge det'ah.

The bat flies around at night

e.t’anh ts'e thread / sinew

n

Didi et'anh ts'ē łān dets'ek.

This sinew is really strong.

e.t’ā.ne leaf, flower

n

T'atl'ā et’āne detsoy anādē.

In the fall, the leaves turn yellow.

Also anadē

e.t’oh nest

n

Tāt’ē dzime yāze et'oh kedehts'ih.

There are three young birds in the nest.

e.tseyh crying, (s)he is

v

E edōne debedi ghah etseyh.

The child is crying because she's hungry.

e.tsis tse.dle blueberry, small

n

e.ts'ē.ge white woman

n

Ets'ēge ghaninīyah.

He married a white woman

e.tsen’ meat

n

Ejinasā etsen' eneslīn ghah.

I hunt because I want meat.

Also eneslīne.

e.tsen' ga.ne dry meat

n

Dūli etsen' gane estsets I wish I could eat some dry meat.

Also duluhgi.

e.du.tey.ghe E denezā' etuteygh utlān it’īn The man has many bullets.

e.tsīs tse.dle Ahnāne etsis tsedle tōdiht'eh.

There are a lot of little blueberries on the other side

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

30

e.tsets eating, (s)he is

v

E t’ēde łuwe etsets.

The girl is eating fish.

e.ya.'e sick, (s)he is

adj

Edōne tsedle eya'e dūgi dzenēs.

The baby is sick today.

E.yāz 'i.sā n June - Young animal month.

Also Et’āne iza'e - leaves coming out month. e.yā.ze young one

n

No'odālełi, eyāze utlān dahule'.

In the springtime, many young ones are born.

e.yinh there

adv

Eyinh nin'ā.

Leave it there.

eyinh when

adv

Khaye eyinh ja' łan hosdlī When it is winter, it is very cold.

e.yō.ts'ih and / and then

conj

Kedā yi'unh, eyōts'ih hodzih łakē yi'unh.

I shot a moose and then I shot two caribou.

Also khedā

e.yū different

adj

Edū meneslīn eyū bēs.

I don't want a different knife.

Also meneslīne.

e.zes hide (animal)

n

Edlā ah'ene ezes gha’iła.

Mother is working on a hide outside.

ē yes

int

ē, soga ast’eh Yes, I’m fine.

ēch shirt

n

ēch da' āzale eseda.

He's wearing a thin shirt.

Possibly esedah.

ē.dīj v remembered, (s)he

nā.dīj

E t’ēde debāde edū ēdīj.

The girl didn't remember her mittens.

Could he translated "forgot her mittens".

ēł.kūkh salt

n

ēłkūkh k'unts kents'īt.

Put some salt in the potatoes.

ē.nā

n

łuwe ēnā k'edasila.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

31

drying rack ēs.tsēt ate, I

I hung the fish on the drying rack.

Also k'idasila. v

K'at ēstsēt.

- I already ate.

g ga.des.tī running, I'm

Uts'ikēdi kime hots'i' gadestī.

I'm running to the store.

Also uts'uhkēdi kime.

ga.de.tī running, (s)he is

v

E t'ēde łāni k'adla gadetī.

The girl is running really fast.

gah by / beside

pp

Tlī’ kek'ets gah sedah.

The dog is sitting by the box.

Also kek'its.

gah rabbit

n

Khaye gah utlān k’e’īlu’ In the winter I snare a lot of rabbits.

gah mił snare, rabbit

n

Didi gah mił eł edū gah siluh.

I didn't catch any rabbits with this snare.

ga.ha.de.yē running, they are

v

Edōne kets'ehdī kime hots'i' gahadeyē.

They are running to the school.

gah.dā.dzi up

pp

ah.dā.dzi

Tū dese gahdādzi tasets'ih The wind is blowing up the river.

Gah u.gha.se n December - Rabbits eat bark month.

Also Sā ts'ēsli'e - something to do with a sun dog. ga.lī.ne husband

n

Esgalīne edōne ke'ehdī didenek'eh My husband is teaching the children Tahltan.

gat tree

n

Yēh gat da'at’ē?

What kind of tree is that?

gā.hu coffee

n

Chachōlone gālu meneslīn.

I like coffee in the morning.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

32

Also meneslīne -gā.ne arm

n

Dada eshichoshi, dahgāne ho'idestl’id.

When we row, our arms get tired.

gāw drum

n

Estsiye uwēt’ē gāw ehkhił.

My grandfather is always heating the drum.

gā.za jackpine

n

Yenelīn gāza łedet’ās tsets daga.

He wants to cut jackpine for firewood.

Also yenelīne

gen.dām horse

n

E gendām tl'oyh etsets.

The horse is eating grass.

Also tl'okh.

ge.shu pig

n

Geshu tsen' soga ts'etsets.

Pig meat is good to eat.

ges̱ salmon, king

n

No'odālełi eyinh gēs nisidluh.

We catch king salmon in the spring.

go.khē' n cranberry, high bush got knee

n

Edlā daga gokhē' kadēsāł.

I'm going to get cranberries for mother. e.got

Kedā got tāzeł daga eti'e.

Moose knee is good for soup.

gūh n ant Some people use this word for "worm".

Gūh hedekime huhehtsī.

The ants are building their anthill.

gūh.tsi.ye n spider Literally "ant's grandfather".

Dahkime gūhtsiye tōdiht’eh.

There are many spiders in our house.

gūł.t’ech ball

n

Gūłt’ech ests'idinhkhūł.

Throw the ball to me

ga.ne.khah.che worm/caterpillar

n

Gūnekhahche tōdiht’eh dūgi ibehi.

There are many caterpillars this summer.

gūs fireweed

n

Dāda hok'e'edak'ān, gūs kadanehyān Where there is a burn, fireweed grows.

gwā.tā

k'ūł.t’ech

Ests'i'nandi' de', gwātā enghtōs'ā.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

33

quarter (money) Clearly a borrowed word from English.

If you help me, I'll give you a quarter.

gwēł bag

E k'unts gwēł t’anlē.

Put the potatoes in the bag.

Also tānlē

gh gh.’a.hīh.’ās v working, they (2) are

Ezes gha'ahīh'ās.

They are working on a hide.

gha.'a.hīh.dēł v working, they (3+) Hogha'ahīhdēł when used as a sentence

Tsedze tsets gha'ahīhdēł.

They're all working on wood.

gha.'a.si.t'ās v working, we (2) are working Hogha'asīt'ās when used as a sentence

Ediye eł łuwe gha'asīt'ās.

My older brother and I are working on fish.

gha.’ī.ła working, (s)he is

v

Edlā ezes gha'īła ah'ene.

Mother is working on a hide outside

ghah because

conj

Meneslīn ūwēt'ē ests'i' eti'e ghah.

I like her because she's always good to me.

Also meneslīne.

gha.ni.dēs.āł v marry, I'm going to

Eschame ghanidēsāł I'm going to marry my girlfriend.

ghan.je goose

n

T'atl'ā ghanje nadedēł The geese fly away in the fall.

gha.se.da married, (s)he is

v

E eghadēn łuwechōn hots'ih dene ghaseda.

The woman is married to a man from Iskut.

ghā.'unh missed (a shot), I

v

-ghāt away from

pp

E eskiye esghāt tēdeshya.

The boy ran away from me.

ghe’ grease, (bear)

n

Sas ghe' enekāge eł eti'e.

Bear grease is good with dried fish strips.

gha.yi.'unh

Tūdi ghā'unh.

I missed the duck,

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

34

Also enakāge. ghō.tsʼih.dah lonely

adj

Degalīn ghōts'ihdah.

She's lonely for her husband.

-ghu' tooth

n

E t'ēde meghu' kats'īhch'ił.

They pulled the girl's tooth.

-ghu.da' chin

n

E eskiye hok'edits'edi deghuda' tānda.

The boy fell and hurt his chin.

h ha.'īn saw, they

v

Khoh kēhke chō ha'īn.

The saw large grizzly bear tracks.

Also huchohi for large.

ha.tsʼe. łi going on, it's

v

Dūda hats'ełi?

What's going on?

he.dā.t'as going, they are

v

Hedekeyeh hots'i' hedāt’as.

They are going to their village.

he.de.gē packing, they are

v

E denezā' dechime eł sas tsen' hedegē.

The man and his are packing black bear meat.

he.de.tseh ahead of them

adv

E łāni nādi'i dene hedetseh łādāł.

The really strong man came in ahead of them.

he.dī said, they

v

"Edū tū gah gudindā.” hedī.

“Don’t go near the water.” they said.

heh.tsī v building, they (2) are

E łakē dene khit hehtsī.

Those two people are building a house.

he.seh.khin killed, they

v

Ete'e edese eł kedā hesehkhīn.

My father and uncle killed a moose.

Also khedā.

hes.kē stay, they

v

hi.ye.'e.dih

v

hes.keh

Uwēt’ē kime heskē.

They always stay in the house Hiye'edih chā nadātl'eł.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

35

know, they

They know it's going to rain.

hī.dah.chił v catch him/her, they are going to

Ekunē t'ēde e eskiye hīdahchił.

The girls arc going to catch that boy.

ho.’i.deh.ts'et tired, (s)he is/was

adj

E eghadēn k’inādāhi tl’ā ho'idehts'et.

After the woman walked all over, she was tired.

ho.'i.dēs.ts'et tired, I am

adj

łān hogha'iła'i ghah, ho'idēsts'et.

Because I worked really hard, I'm tired.

ho.da.'a.denh.dīs lock it, you

v

E k'akhādi hoda'adenhdīs.

Lock the door.

ho.da.den.tī close it, you

v

E k'akhādi hodadentī.

Close the door.

ho.dā.ts'e.łi v happen, it's going to

Dūda hodātsʼełi?

What's going to happen?

ho.de.dē talks, (s)he

v

E dene t’ī eł hodedē.

That person talks loud.

ho.de.nes.tl’ets dark, it's

adj

Nanintē. K'a'a hodenestl'ets.

Go back to sleep.

ho.de.sē speak, I

v

Edū didenek'eh soga hodesē.

I don't speak Tahltan well.

ho.des.'in' spooky

adj

Kōjihge łāni hodes'īn'.

The campsite was really spooky.

ho.din.dē.hā speak, do you

v

Didenek'ch hodindēhjā?

Do you speak Tahltan?

ho.dzih caribou

n

Edū hodzih keyeh hogah sīt'īn.

We never see caribou by town.

Also sit’īn

ho.gha.’ī.ła working, (s)he is

v

E denezā' k'a'a hogha'īła.

The man is still working.

ho.gha.’īs.ła working, I am

v

Dūgi dzenēs ete'e eł hogha'īsła.

I am working with my father today.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

36

ho.gho.'ish.ya passed by, (s)he

v

Dūgi chachōlone eghadēn hogho'ishya.

This morning the woman passed by me.

ho.k’e.dis.ts'e.di fell down, I

v

Hok'edists'edi esgāne łēgas.

When I fell down, I broke my arm.

Literally "my arm broke."

ho.nā.zē chipmonk

n

Honāzē tsē k'eh dasedah.

The chipmonk sat on a rock.

ho.ne just now

adv

ho.ne'

Hone łanādāł.

Just now he came back.

ho.neh hillside

n

hoh.neh

Sas honeh nēgoł The bear is walking across the hillside.

ho.nes.gha.ze blackfly

n

Dechinh tah desit'asi, honesghaze dakhwesk'as.

When we walk in the forest, the blackflies bite us.

Also dakhesk'as.

ho.nī.zīł warm, it is

adj

Tiye esdaga honīzīł It's too warm for me.

honh.’īn look, you

v

Honh'īn e eskiye tamā uht'ē.

Look at the boy fishing on the shore.

Also tamā'e.

hos.jinh sing, I will

v

hos.jin

Eststū daga hosjinh.

I will sing a song for grandmother.

Hos.tēł i.sā n September - Groundhogs getting fat / ready for winter.

Also Ihta'igēdi za'e - moose go into rut month hos.dlī cold, it is

adj

hos.dlih

Dāda hosdlī ah'ene, kinā'et escsdah.

When it's cold outside. I wear a (-nat.

hos.zel hot, it is

adj

hos.zeł

Dāda hoszel, e tlī’ tū utlān edān.

When it's hot, the dog drinks a lot of water

ho.ti.’e nice (day)

adj

łāni dzenēs hoti'e dugi dzenēs.

It's a really nice day today.

ho.tl’es dirt/dust

n

E edōne tsedle hotl'es k'eh nohoyē.

The little child is playing in the dirt.

Also nohoyeh.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

37

ho.tl’es t'o.de mud

n

Ist'akadle hotl’es t'ode eł det'oh ehtsī.

The swallow is building its nest with mud.

ho.ts’i’ to

pp

Khihgah kime hots'i' łandēsdāł.

I will return to the house in the evening.

ho.ts'i.dēs.āł going there, I'm tomorrow.

v

Espāne tāmh sedah, chachā hots'idēsāł.

My friend is in town, so I'm going there

ho. tsʼih from (there)

pp

Ahyigi Tatl'ah hots'ih yedāł.

He's coming over from Dease Lake.

ho.tseh ahead of

pp

E t’ēde hotseh tū kadeshya.

The girl went ahead to get water.

ho.yē.gēt went under, it

v

hutheirs

pro

Hughide ts'idēsāł.

I'm going to their house.

hu.līn born, (s)he was

v

E edōne dūgi khaye hulīn.

The child was born this winter.

hus.līn born, I was

v

Ahtse'e kime ji huslīn.

I was born in that house down there.

hu.ts'ē.ge narrow

adj

E tene tiye huts'ēge gendām daga.

The trail is too narrow for horses.

ho.ghē.gēt

E tlī’ k'ināt’ēhi yige hoyēgēt.

The dog went under the truck.

i i.'ān v caught / contracted, (s)he

Dlū i’ān.

He caught a cold.

i.’ān found, I Also ehuh'ān.

v

Tsē dadiht'ē i'ān I found a funny rock.

i.bā.’e weasel

n

i.bā.’i

Khaye ibā'e dek'al anādē.

In the winter the weasel turns white.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

38

i.be.hi summer

n

Meneslīn sā k'eh sestīn ibehi.

I like to sleep on the sand in summer.

Also meneslīne.

i.da.’ūł v shoot, (s)he is going to

Estsiye tsa' tsen' enelīn ghah, e tsa' ida’ūł.

Because grandfather wants beaver meat, he's going to shoot that beaver.

Also enelīne.

i.de.ni n bear berry / kenikenik

Ideni unēsbēł.

I'm going to pick bearberries.

i.dēs.’ūł shoot, I'm going to

v

"Tsa' chō idēs'ūł," ehdi e eskiye.

"I'm going to shoot a big beaver," said the boy.

i.dī angry

adj

e.dī

Esdēdze idī asila.

My sister made me angry

i.dī.da where is

adv

edīda

Ests'ahe idida?

Where's my hat?

i.dī.ji thunder

n

E tlī’ idīji enejit.

The dog is afraid of thunder

i.ghā.dzi shavings

n

Ighādzi kon' daga asla.

I made shavings for the fire.

Ih.’āz i.sā n May - Animals are travelling.

Also Eyāze isā - young one's month. ih.chūt caught, (s)he

v

E eskiye behgehyāle ihehūt.

The boy caught a butterfly

ih.k’a.’a.t’ē same

adj

Kidzōk'eh ihk'a'at'ē togatāł eheskē.

Yesterday you wore the same pants.

ih.tl’ē.ge night

n

Son' utlān nes'īn ihtl'ēge.

I see lots of stars at night.

ih.tl’ē.ge di.za.’e moon, moonlight

n

Ihtl'ēge diza'e yige desit'as.

We walk around in the moonlight.

Ih. tsʼī i.sā n February - Windy month.

Also Sāts'ēsli'e - pussy willows coming out.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

39

inh.t’ēs cooking, you are

v

Yēda inht'ēs?

What are you cooking?

is.t’a.ka.dle swallow (bird)

n

Ist'akadle det'oh ehtsī.

The swallow is building her nest.

is.bā mountain goat

n

Isbā zes ts'ede ts'i' eti'e.

Goat hide is good for a blanket

is.k'o.kān white man

n

Dē’ōtsʼih da'e isk'okān.

Where is that white man from?

is.tso.kān white man

n

i.so.kān, e.su.kān E istsokan dōts'ih dene da'?

Where is that white man from?

ish.ghoh.je soapberries

n

is.ghoh.je

Ishghohje dadenadeł.

The soapberries are getting ripe.

ish.jān old

adj

esh.jān

Metsū łāni ishjān.

His grandmother is very old.

ish.kā.di crazy

adj

E dene ishkādi! Tiye k'adla edehtl’ē.

That crazy guy! He drives too fast.

i.t'īn has / owns, he

v

E denezā' ūnā utlān it'īn.

The man has many rifles

i.tl’et cranberries, low bush

Ahtse'e itl'et kōnesit'īn menh mā.

We looked for cranberries down around the lake.

Also menh mā’e.

īs.ba.da baking powder

Uts'ikēdi kime hots'ih īsbada łitanihtān.

I bought some baking powder at the store.

n

j ja' it is

v

Dedin ja' soga łan ejin.

It is she that sings really well.

ja.'a.t’ ē this is

v

Didi eskinā’ede ja'at'ē.

This is my coat.

Also eskinā'et.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

40

jān here

adv

jā.ni

Chachā jān esnanūnya'i.

Meet me here tomorrow.

je.kēg payment / wage

n

je.kē.ge

Dūda mejekēg adinlīł?

What are you going to pay her?

ji.je berries, fruit

n

E t’ēde jije unēbē honeh k'eh.

The girl is picking berries on the hillside.

Also hohneh.

ji.je tu' juice

n

Edōne jije tu' ehenelīn.

The children want juice.

Also ehenelīne

k ka.’a.din.dih v say it Telling one person.

Ka'anēsīn, kuji ka'adindih.

I told you, now you say it.

ka.desh.ya getting, (s)he is

v

Estsiye tū kadeshya.

Grandfather is getting water

kah for

pp

Tsa' kah ejideshya.

He went hunting for beaver.

kan.dēs.ch'ił v pull (net), I am going to kan.dī.ch'ił v pull (net), we are going to

Estehmīle kandēsch'ił.

I am going to pull my net. tan dī.ch'ił

Ete'e eł tehmīł kandīch'ił Dad and I are going to pull the net.

ka.zū.ne otter

n

Tū nadeslīn gah kazūne yes'in.

I saw an otter by the waterfall.

ka.ge on

pp

E tl’ūł nalādi kāge selah.

The rope is on the canoe.

Possibly sela

kā.kha.’ū button

n

kā.kha.'ūt

kā.kha.'ū ts'e.de

n

kā.kha.'ūt ts'e.de

Kākha'ū tēdē'ān eskinā'et ts'ih.

I lost a button from my coat Kākha'ū ts'ede ededaga asla

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

41

button blanket

I made a button blanket for myself.

kā.wā.gi window

n

Meneslīn kāwāgi k'e'esdē.

I want to clean the window.

Also meneslīne

-ke' foot

n

Eske' tiye āchō e kē daga.

My foot is too big for the shoe.

Also āchoh

ke.'es.dī teaching, I am

v

Ke'esdī uht'ēzi.

I am teaching her to cook.

ke.’e. tsʼ eh.dī ki.me n school

k’e. tsʼ eh.dī ki.me Dūgi dzenēs ke'ets'ehdī kime hots'idēsāł.

Today I'm going to the school.

-ke.chi.ne ankle

n

Ts'ih eskechine hosk'as.

The mosquito bit my ankle.

Also ts'ihe

ke.dā moose

n

-ke.gho.łe toes

n

ke.k'ets box

n

ke.nes̱ raft

n

Tamā k'eh kenes hiyehtsī.

They are building a raft on the shore.

Also tamā'e.

ke.nēs̱ cross

n

Kenēs dendakēda gah nahayītsih.

They stood a cross by the grave.

kes.tse.dle toe, little

n

Eskestsedle k'eh t’ōk kedi'ān.

I have a wart on my little toe.

-kesh.chō toe, big

n

Gendam eskeshchō k'idit'ets.

The horse stepped on my big toe.

ke.tsi.hū.jān steep hill

n

łān ketsihūljān ketsīya.

I climbed the really steep hill

khe.dā

Kedā tsen' uwēt'ē sitsets.

We always eat moose meat.

Ts' ōsnān anet'eh mekeghołe He has ten toes.

ke.k'its

Tsesk'iye kek'ets kāge sedah.

The raven is sitting on the box.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

42

-ke.ts'e.ge toe

n

Gūh eskets’ege sek'as.

The ant bit my toe.

ke.yeh village

łān meneslīn dāda keyeh sesda.

I really like it when I stay in town.

Also meneslīne.

ke.yeh.dī teaching, (s)he is.

Dechime keychdī ede'un He's teaching his son to shoot.

kē shoes

n

Ek'āni kē eł k'inādā.

He's walking around in new shoes.

-kēh.ke tracks, its

n

Ek'ā mekēhke ja'.

Those are its fresh tracks.

kēt in

pp

E tsa' tū kēt k'ināhē.

The beaver is swimming in the water.

Also k'inabē.

ki.dzō.k’eh yesterday

adv

Kidzōk'eh ezes gha'iła.

Yesterday, she worked onhtaid.

ki.me house/home

n

Mē kime da'at'ē?

Whose house is that?

ki.mō.ti.’e n camp, good Actually a contraction of kime hoti'e.

Kimōti’e ōsidla.

We'll make a good camp

ki.nā.’et coat

n

E t’ēde daga kinā'et nīdihehūsh.

She bought a coat for the girl.

ko.de.nā.tl'ets bruised

adj

Esgāne k'eh kodenātl'ets.

My aim is bruised.

Some leave “k'eh" out of sentence.

kon' fire

n

E kon' łān dedesk'ān.

The fire is really starting to burn.

kō.de.’ī learned, (s)he Also ē.dīj.

v

Kidzōk'eh esdēdze na'enelūzi kōde'ī.

Yesterday my sister learned to sew.

Also na'anelūz.

kō.de.na.t’īł light, it's getting

v

K'ās dūt’āzi, kuji kōdenat’īł.

Let's go now, it's getting light.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

43

kō.des.’ī learning, I am Also ēs.dił.

v

Didenek'eh hōdesēhi kōdes'ī.

I am learning to speak Tahltan.

kō.jih.ge campsite

n

Mē kōjihge da' jān?

Whose campsite is this?

kō.neh.’īn v looking for, (s)he is

Dek'uge kōneh'īn.

She is looking for her books.

kō.ne.līn beautiful (place)

adj

kō.nes.’īn looking for, I'm

v

Esbāde kōnes'īn.

I'm looking for my mitts.

kō.ninh.'īn looking for you

v

Yēda kōninh'īn?

What are you looking for?

ku.deh.k'ān lit a tire, (s)he

v

ko.deh.k'ānh Edlā kudehk'ān dighi ala.

Mother lit the fire and made tea.

ku.dēs.k'āł light fire, I will

v

ko.dēs.k'āł

Estsū daga kudēsk'āł.

I will light a fire for grandmother.

ku.dih.k'ā v lighting fire, (s)he is

ko.dih.k'ā

Ek'ānh khit yige kudihk'ā.

She's lighting a fire in the smokehouse.

ku.dinh.k'ā light fire, you

v

ko.dinh.k'ā

Ek'ānh khide yige kudinhk'ā.

Light a fire in the smokehouse

ku.ji now

adv

Kuji ete'e nalādi adalīł.

Now father is going to fix the boat.

ku.wā.kho.ne just now

adv

Kuwākhone ka'ānja?

You did it just now?

ku.me.gānh deer

n

Kuwegānh kah ejidēsāł ahnāne.

I'm going to hunt deer on the other side.

kūkh rice

n

Tiye anet’ē kūkh siht'eh.

I cooked too much rice

kū.ni.da.dāł v married, (s)he's getting

kō.ne.lī.ne

Tl’abāne łān kōnelīn.

Klappan is really beautiful

Dūgi khaye kūnidadāł.

He's getting married this winter.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

44

kū.se.da married, (s)he is

v

E eghadēn kūseda.

That woman is married.

k’ k'a' n arrowhead / spearhead

Dzeł kāge k'a' yi'ān.

He found an arrowhead on the mountain.

k'a.'a still

adv

K'a'a meneslīn ēch łita'eschūsh I still want to buy a shirt.

Also meneslīne.

k'a.'a more

adv

K'a'a bede eneslīn.

I want some more food.

Also eneslīne.

k'a.dla fast

adv

Yē kah hu' k'adla gātīl.

I wonder why he's running fast.

k'a.ji also

adv

Esbē'e k'aji ezes ti'e ala.

My aunt makes good hides also.

k’a.ji again

adv

K'aji deghēle tandeshja.

He went to check his traps again.

k’a.khā.di door

n

E k'akhādi hodadentī.

Close the door.

k'a.nā.khanh fence

n

E gendām k'anākhanh kēt nazet.

The horse is standing inside the fence.

k’as.bā.’e ptarmigan

n

K'asbd'e dek'al ankle khaye.

The ptarmigan becomes white in winter.

Also anadē.

k'as.dē.le gill

n

Luwe k'asdele dech'ok.

A fish's gills are sharp.

k'as.tsih robin (bird)

n

Meneslīn k'astsih ejinh.

I like to hear a robin singing.

Also ejin.

k'at already

adv

K'at ejideh kē adala.

She already made the moccasins.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

45

k'a.ye willow

n

K'aye gis daga eti'e.

Willows are good for roasting sticks.

-k'a.ye hip

n

E eshjān dene dek'aye k'its'et.

The old man fell on his hip.

k'ā.ge beside

pp

E denezā' eghadēn k'āge nazet.

The man is standing beside the woman.

k'e.'e.sī.dlu' v caught (with a net), we

Dechinh zedle k'e'esīdlu' dūgi dzenēs.

We only caught sticks today.

k’e.’ī.lu’ n caught (with a net), (s)he

Estsiye detehmīle eł łuwe k'e'īlu'.

Grandfather caught many fish with his net.

k'e.dā file

n

E tsił k'edā eł nayek'as.

He's sharpening the axe with a file.

k'e.gha.ne.t'ē more a lot

adj k'e.gha.ne.t'eh Dūgi khaye tsets k'eghanet’ē dedēhk'ānh.

I used more wood this winter.

k'eh on

pp

k'eh.’ō.neh.'ān looks like, (s)he

v

Dih gose distān k'eh sedah.

The willow grouse is sitting on the windfall. k’a.’ō.neh.'ān łān ets'ēge k'eh'ōneh'ān.

She really looks like a white woman.

k'eh ho.dē v ho.deh reading, (s)he is May only refer to reading out loud.

E k'uk k'eh hodē.

He's reading the book.

k'eh ho.sē reading, I am

v

K'uk ti'e k'eh hosē.

I am reading a good book.

k'i.dā.'et skirt

n

ho.seh

K'idā'et ti'e nidedishehūsh.

I bought myself a nice skirt.

k’i.na.da walking around, (s)he is

Eyū iskiye ah'ene k'inadā.

Another boy is walking outside.

Also eskiye.

k'i.nā.t’ah flying around, it is

v

E mesk'ā k'ināt'ah.

The seagull is flying around.

-k’i.nā.tl’ē.hi

n

Kidzōk'eh dek'inātl’ēhi hot'ayīhtl'ā'.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

46

truck

He piled up his truck yesterday.

Might literally mean he "bumped" something (colloq.) or crashed.

k'in.da.bēł v swim, (s)he is going to

Kuji e edōne k'indabēł The child is going to swim now.

k'in.si.deł travel, we food.

v

Dāda edōne eslīn, bede kah k'insideł.

When I was a child, we traveled around after

k'inh.dzē' strawberries

n

k'is alder

n

Tamā k'is daduchō.

The alders are big by the shore.

Also tamā’e.

k'is.deh.gēt ran, it

n

E tlī’ kuwegān k'eh k'isdehgēt.

The dog ran after the deer.

Also kuwegānh.

k'in.dzē'

k'is.desh.ya ran, (s)he

Dūgi chachōlone k'inhdzē' sītsēt.

This morning we ate strawberries.

Kidzōk'eh e eskiye dediye k'eh k'isdeshya.

Yesterday, the boy ran after his older brother.

Also iskiye.

k’is.he.desh.ya ran, they

k'is.he.des.'āts

K'ishedeshya dāda sas ha'īn.

They ran when they saw the bear.

k'ī birch tree Possibly k'īh.

n

Nalādi asidlah k'ī ye'ela'e ts'ih.

We made a boat from birch bark.

k’o.nā.yēł rosehips

n

-k'os neck

n

Mek'os eya'e eł ts'e'izet.

He woke up with a sore neck.

k'os cloud

n

Dūgi chachōlone k'os łedikay.

It was really cloudy this morning.

k'otl I bucket/pot

n

E t’ēde tū kadeshya k'otl kēt.

The girl is getting water in the bucket

k'uk

k'u.na.yēł

K'onāyēł dīghi daga eti'e.

Rosehips are good for tea.

Kidzōk'eh e k'uk meghāni’ān.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

47

book k'u.k'ā cup

Yesterday, I gave the book to him.

Also meghayni’ān. n

k’ū.k’ā

k'unts potato

E k'uk'ā tu'isgas.

The cup is broken.

Dane k'unts hoyedestet I'm going to plant potatoes this spring.

Also hoghedēsłēł.

k'us-tl’i.ze grasshopper

n

K'ustl’īze tōdiht’ē nes'īn.

I see lots of grasshoppers.

k'ū' fish eggs

n

K'ū' eł tsabā'e kah ust'ē.

I'm fishing for trout with fish eggs.

kh kha.di hurry

v

Khadi, nadahkhet.

Hurry, it's getting dark.

khas scar

n

Jān khas dāda esla' sit'as.

Here's a scar where I cut my hand.

khas.tseh before

pp

kha.ye winter

n

Khaye zas tōdiht’eh.

There is much snow in winter.

"Snow" (zas) also yas.

kha.ye ts'ah hat, winter

n

Uwēt'ē khaye ts'ah sidadēs'ān dāda hosdlī.

I always wear a hat when it's cold.

Also hosdlih.

kas.tseh

Khastseh t’ēka'adesīn.

I said that before.

Kha.yō dī.dze n January - Middle of winter Also Gah ughase - rabbits chew bark, or Meneh dige no'odets'edzi - Sun getting high. kheł pack (back)

n

Ete'e łān ukiłi kheł yegēł.

My father is packing a very heavy pack.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

48

khēł trap

n

E khēł nin'ā tsa' daga.

Set that trap for beaver.

khih animal

n

Ahde'e khih kēhke hutlān.

There are lots of animal tracks back there.

khih.gah evening

n

Edū dīghi esdān khihgah.

I don't drink tea in the evening.

khis hill

n

Khis dāge dih chō kah ejideshya.

He went hunting blue grouse on the hill.

khit house

n

E t’ēde khit k'āge yedāł.

The girl is walking past the house.

khoh bear, grizzly khos thorn

n

Khoh khih chō ja'at'ē.

The grizzly bear is a large animal.

Khos łān dech'oh.

Thorns are very sharp.

Also dech’ok.

khos chō devil's club

n

n

Khos chō łān eti'e non' daga.

Devil's club is really good for medicine

l -la' hand

n

-la.chi.ne wrist

Bēs eł esla' sit'as.

I cut my hand with the knife.

Delachine tsʼīyū hoghādih'ān.

She wears a bracelet on her wrist.

Also hoghāydih'ān.

la.dzi.łe claw (bird)

n

Ehdā ladziłe łān dech'oh.

An eagle's claws are very sharp.

Also dech'ok.

la.ga.ne claw

n

Khoh lagane dadudēs.

A grizzly's claws are long.

-la.ga.ne fingernail

n

Eslagane bah.

My fingernails are dirty.

-lah

n

Eslah dānā esghanīla.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

49

brother-in-law

My brother-in-law gave me money.

Also esghāynila

-lah n sister-in-law Term used by a man.

Eslah esdaga ejideh kē naneslūs.

My sister-in-law is sewing moccasins for me.

-lash.chō thumb

n

Eslashchō eslats'ege yādaga āchō My thumb is bigger than my other fingers.

Also ghādaga āchoh.

-la.ts'e.ge finger

n

Eslats'ege łōla’e anet'eh.

I have five fingers.

lep.lēyt priest/minister

n

lib.lēyt

Kidzōk'eh leplēyt tāmh łādāł.

The priest came to town yesterday.

ł ła.da.dūz cottonwood

n

Ladad ūẕ ye'et'ane ek'an khit ts'i' eti'e.

Cottonwood leaves are good for smoke houses.

ła.gu stop it/quit

v

K'ās łagu hogha'īnła.

Stop your work now.

łah.tsih never

adv

łahtsih edū meneslīn estsets.

I never want to eat it.

Also meneslīne.

ła.hu once

adv

ła.ke two

num

łah.gu

Kedā si'unh łahu.

I only shot a moose once.

Also khedā. łakē dā' int'īn.

You have two eyes.

ła.kē.he.de.t’ē pro those two (people)

łak ēhedet’ē tehmīł dahadātl’ūł Those two are going out to set net.

ła.kwē twice

adv

E tlī' łakwē sesk'as.

The dog bit me twice

ła.nā.dāł came back, (s)he

v

Kidzōk'eh ihtl’ēge ete'e łanādāł.

Last night my father came hack.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

50

łan.deh.tē brings back, (s)he

v

E eskiye uwēt’ē tūdi łandehtē.

The boy always brings back ducks.

Also iskiye.

łan.dī.deł v coming back, we (pl) are

Chachā ahdahdzi łandīdeł.

Tomorrow we'll come hack from up there.

łan.dī.t’as v coming back, we (2) are

Kedā sesigīn tl’ākhon łandīt'as.

After we kill a moose, we're coming back.

Also kheda

łā true

adj

łā adindih.

It's true what you say.

Also adīndih.

łā.ni very

adv

E edōne łāni deli'e yedihehā.

The child really loves his dog.

łā.ts'eh both (of them)

pro

łāts'eh en'eł hedūt’ās.

Let both of them go with you.

łe.'e.yē scissors

n

łe-'e.y.ē.hi

E ts'isa łe'eye eł yet’ās.

She cut the cloth with scissors.

łe.dih adj tastes good Also used for sweet.

Tsa' che' łān soga łedih.

Beaver tail really tastes good.

łe.di.hi candy

n

Edōne tiye łedihi hatsēt.

The children ate too much candy.

łet smoke

n

E łet yes'īn ek' ānh khit ts'ih I saw smoke coming from the smokehouse.

Also ekān khit.

łē.gas broke, it

v

Hok'edists'edi esgāne łēgas.

When I fell down, I broke my arm.

Literally my arm broke.

łēh.chō n łēhchō demā k'a'achō. bear, grizzly (two year old) A two year old grizzly is as big as it's mother.

These are very large cubs that are still with the sow. łēn.t’ē tsʼos.nān four

num

łēnt’ē dzenēs łandēsdāł.

I'll be back in four days.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

51

łēn,t’ē ts'os.nān forty

num

łēnt'ē ts'ōsnān nust'ihe yīhdzos.

He trapped 40 marten.

Also ts'osnāne and yihdzots.

łi.ge one

num

łige kedā yes'īn menh kēt.

I saw one moose in the lake.

Also khedā.

łi.ta.da.'āł v buy, (s)he is going to

łi.tay.da.'āł

Tsīt łitada'āł.

He's going to buy an axe.

łi.ta.dah.chish v buy, (s)he's going to Used with buying flat, clothlike objects.

Kinā'et łitadahchish.

He's going to buy a jacket.

łi.ta.dah.tēł v buy, (s)he's going to

Gendām łitadahtēł.

He's going to buy a horse.

li.ta.dah.tīł v buy, (s)he's going to

łi.ta.da.tīł

Ete'e ūnā łitadahtīł.

My dad is going to buy a gun.

łi.ta.dēs.’āł buy, I'm going to

v

Tsīł łitadēs'āł.

I'm going to buy an axe.

łi.ta.dēs.chish buy, I’m going to

v

Mashmash łitadēstēł.

I’m going to buy a cow.

łi.ta.ni.’ān bought, I

v

łedihi łitani’ān I bought a candy bar.

łi.ta.nih.chūsh bought, I

v

ēch łitanihchūsh.

I bought a shirt.

łi.ta.nih.tān bought, I

v

Jije tu’ łitanihtān I bought some juice.

łi.ta.nih.tīn bought, I

v

łi.tay.nih.tīn Gah łitanihtīn I bought a rabbit

ti.ta.ni.la bought, I

v

Kē łitanila.

I bought shoes.

łi.tā.ni.'ān bought, (s)he

v

łi.tay.ni.’ān

Ediye tsīł łitāni’ān.

My older brother bought an axe.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

52

łi.tā.nih.chūsh bought, (s)he

v łi.tay.nih.chūsh

Estsū esdaga k’idā’et łitānihchūsh Grandma bought a skirt for me.

łi.tā.nih.tān bought, (s)he

v

łi.ta.nih.tān

Edlā suknēn łitānihtān.

Mother bought some flour.

łi.tā.nih.tīn bought, (s)he

v

łi.tay.nih.tīn Tlī’ łitānihtīn.

He bought a dog.

łi.tā.ni.la bought, (s)he

v

łi.tay.ni.la

łō.la.’e five

num

āh łitānila.

He bought snowshoes. łōla'e isbā tsē k'eh.

There are five goats on the mountain.

łō.la.'e den.'a.neh.t’ē num Eskinā’et den łōla'e ancht'e dānā nadadetset. one hundred My coat costs a hundred dollars.

Literally means "five people." Also łōla’e dene or den łōla'e ancht'ē. łō.la.'e ts'ōs.nān num Eskē łōla'e ts'ōsnān dānā nadadetset. fifty My shoes cost fifty dollars.

Some also use denōsk'idze (lit. half a person) for 50, though some say this means 10. łuh.je hummingbird

n

łuhje łān da'ātsedlē dzime.

The hummingbird is a very small bird.

łu.we fish

n

Edū meneslīn łuwe estsets.

I don't like to eat fish.

Also menesline.

łu.we Chōn Iskut

n

łuwe Chōn nasdē.

I live in Iskut.

łu.we es.gan dry fish

n

łu.we ga.ne

Edū łuwe esgan asidlah dūgi ibehi.

We didn't make any dry fish this summer.

m mash.mash cow

n

E denezā' mashmash łitānihtīn.

The man bought a cow.

Also łitaynihtīn.

mash.mash t’o.je milk (cow's)

n

Eghadēn mashmash t'oje edōne ghanihtān.

The woman gave the baby milk.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

53

mā int Mā, edū meneslīn desā. no No, I don't want to go.

Usually used in a refusal sense, as in, "No, I won't do it." See duwe. mā alongside

pp

E t'ēde tū dese mā dedā.

The girl is walking alongside the river.

-ma mother

n

Humā łuwe esgan utlān ala.

Their mother made many dried fish.

Also łuwe gane.

mā.nī.se maybe

adv

Mānīse chachā nanust'ī.

Maybe I'll see you tomorrow.

mehis/hers/its

pro

Me’ūnā ja'at'ē.

This is his rifle.

Also me'ūnāhe.

me.'eł e.ts'e.gi.dzi n pen / pencil Literally "with it they write."

Me’eł ets'egidzi eł dezi' kedi'ān.

She wrote her name with the pencil.

me.'es.dih know, I

v

E dene łān me'esdih.

I know that person really well.

me.'u.gē.di fork

n

E me'ugēdi esghantī.

Give me a fork.

Also esghāntī.

me.k'eh e.ts'e.tse.dzi n table Literally "on it they eat."

Mek'eh ets'etsedzi na etsets.

He's eating at the table.

Men ten chō November

Me.'e ten chō Big lakes freeze.

n

Men ten tse.dle n October - Small lakes freeze. me.nes.līn like, I menh lake

Meneslīn etsis tsedle unēsbē.

I like picking little blueberries. n

Kedā menh kēt nazet.

A moose was standing in the lake.

Also khedā.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

54

mes.k'ā seagull

n

Mesk’ā łuwe etsets.

The seagull is eating a fish.

mes.dzī owl

n

Mesdzī ihtl'ēge ejināt’ak.

The owl hunts at night.

mē.da who

pro

Mēda endohodech?

Who told you?

mē.duh thank you

int

mē.duh

Mēduh esgah łāndāł.

Thank you for coming to me.

mō.ne.łīn beautiful (person).

adj

mō.ne.lī.ne

E dene eghadēn mōnelīn ts'ina'edlok.

The man smiled at the beautiful.

n na' here, take it!

int

Na'. Di esdaga nidīn'ā.

Here! Take this for me.

na.'a.de.nes.don' v snowing hard, it's Literally, it's piling up.

łān na'adenesdon'.

It's really snowing hard.

na.'e.dlo.gi laughing, (s)he is

v

Medīyige kōnelīn ghah ja' na'edlogi.

He's laughing because he's happy.

na.da.de.tse.di costs, it

v

na.da.de.tset Di ēch dūda nadadetsedi?

How much does the shirt cost?

na.dā.tl’elh v Hiye'edih chā nadātl’eł. come down, it's going to They know it's going to rain.

Literally "They know rain will come down." na.des.tl’īd v come down, it's starting to na.de.tl'īd coming down, it is

v

na.dē

v

Tse k'eh zas nadestrid.

It's starting to snow on the mountain.

"Snow" (zas) also pronounced yas.

Chā nadetl’īd.

It's raining.

Literally, "Rain is coming down.” na.deh

Estsiye kime huchohi nadē.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

55

living, (s)he is

Grandfather lives in a big house.

na.dēn ghost

n

Nadēn ya'īn yenīzen.

He thought he saw a ghost.

na.di.’i strong

adj

E khoh łān nadi'i khih.

The grizzly is a very strong animal.

na. ī.tl’īd came down, it

v

Kidzōk'eh ihtl'ēge łāni zas nadītl’īd.

It really snowed last night.

na.dū.t’ās go home, let's

v

"K'ās nadūt’ās," ete'e yehdih.

"Let's go home now," father said.

na.ghā wolverine

n

Naghā łāni mōnejidi khih.

The wolverine is a very dangerous animal.

na.hū.he.yeh playing, they are

v

Edōne ah'ene nahūheyeh.

The children are playing outside.

-na.lā.di boat hunting.

n

Ahnāne nēdēskin esnalādi eł ejidusa'i daga.

I paddled to the other side in my boat to go

nan.des.tl’id v nan.des.tl’īd K'aji chā nandestl’id starting to come down, it's It's starting to rain again. nan.dē live, you

v

nān.dē

Dāda nandē?

Where do you live?

nan.zet stand up

v

nān.zet

Nanzet. Nenus'īn dūkhu āndēz.

Stand up. Let me see how tall you are.

Also na'ānd'ēz.

nas.dā lynx

n

nos.dā

E dene nasdā yehdzos khēł eł.

The man caught a lynx with the trap.

Also sesdzos.

nas.dē live, I

v

nas.deh

łuwe Chōn nasdē.

I live in Iskut.

na.si.dē live, we

v

na.si.deh

łān kimōti'e nasidē.

We live in a really nice house.

nas.zet standing, I'm

v

Naszet ahnāne hones'īni ghah.

I'm standing because I want to see over there.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

56

na.tsʼih windy, it is

adj

Tiye nats'ih. Edū ah'en nohōnyē.

It's too windy. Don't play outside.

Also nobōnyeh.

na.tsʼi.yā windy, is it?

adj

Nats'iyā? Meneslīn ejidesa'.

Is it windy? I want to go hunting.

Also meneslīne.

na.zet standing, it is

v

E deyō' tuhgch nazet.

The bull moose is standing in the water.

Possibly tuhk'eh.

nā.dah moving, (s)he is

v

Edū setīn, k'a'a nādah.

He's not sleeping, he's still moving.

nā.jo.dle hill / knoll

n

Hedekime nājodle k'eh hiyehtsī.

They are building their house on the hill.

nās.ła.kē seven

num

Nāsłakē son' ya'īn.

She saw seven stars.

nās.ła.kē ts'ōs.nān seventy Also ts'ōsnāne.

num

Nāsłakē ts'ōsnān kime ōnet’eh didi keyeh.

There are 70 houses in the (this) town.

nās.łēn.t’ē nine

num

Nāsłēnt’ē ch'iyōne nesit'īn tū dese ch’āji.

We saw nine wolves across the river.

nās.łēn.t'ē ts'ōs.nān num ninety Also ts'ōsnāne.

Estsū nāsłēnt’ē tsʼōsnān tōdesla.

My grandmother is almost 90.

nās.łi.ge six

num

Nāsłige gaw hots'inawghoł.

It's going on to six o'clock.

nās.łi.ge ts'ōs.nān sixty Also ts'ōsnāne.

num

Nāsłige ts'ōsnān łuwe dasila.

I put up 60 fish.

nās.ta.'e eight

num

Nāsta'e dzime gat k'eh dadehts'ī.

There are eight birds in the tree.

nās.ta.'e ts'ōs.nān eighty Also ts'ōsnāne.

num

Estsiye nāsta'e ts'ōsnān khaye me'eł ahuja.

Grandfather is 80 years old.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

57

ne.'e.dī.chosh v paddle, we are going to

Ahnāne ne'edīchosh nalādi eł.

We are going to paddle across in the boat

ne.dish.chā love you, I

v

"Nedishchā," e denczā' yehdih.

"I love you," the man said.

Also ehdih.

neh.tse.ni fat

adj

Ete’e łān sas nehtseni se'un.

Father shot a really fat black bear.

nenh dirt / ground

n

E t'ēde nenh kāge sedah.

The girl is sitting on the ground.

Possibly seda.

nes.'īn see, I

v

Tehk'ā menh kēt nes'īn.

I see a muskrat in the lake.

ne.si.t’in saw, we

v

Tāt'ē tuhtsey menh kēt nesit'īn.

We saw three loons at the lake.

Also tuhtsēghe.

nē.dī.kēł v go across (by boat), we'll

Ahnāne nalādi eł nēdīkēł.

We'll go across with the boat.

nēs.tēł sleep, I'm going to

v

nēs.tēl

K'adla nidēsāł ghah, nēstēł.

I will be getting up early, so I'm going to sleep.

Also ni'idēsāł.

nēs.tēł sleepy, I am

adj

Nēstēl ghah, nadēsāł.

Because I'm sleepy, I'm going home.

Also andēsdāł.

-ni' face

n

E t’ēde deni' gha'īła.

The girl is working (putting makeup) on her face.

ni.’i.se.ne pro yours / belongs to you

Didi keshā ni'isenā?

Is this saw yours?

Note – ā is added to ni'isene to make a question

ni.din.lē take, you

v

Di jije nidinlē ede'eł.

Take these berries with you.

ni.dīn.'āl

v

ni.d īn.’āł

Dāda khēł nidīn'āl

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

58

set (trap), you will.

Where are you going to set the trap?

nin.'ān put it, you (s)

v

Dāda e k'uk nin’ān?

Where did you put the book

ni.ni you (singular)

pro

Nini k'aji, nidīn'ālā?

Are you going to buy one too?

nin.lā put it, you (s)

v

Dāda e bāt ninlā?

Where did you put the mittens?

ninh.'īn see, you

v

Yēda ninh'īn?

What do you see

ninh.'īn v look!

Telling one person.

Ninh'īn, e nust’ihe gat k'edasedah.

Look, there's a marten in the tree.

ni.sā.di far away

adv

E hodzih łān nisādi hots'ih nesit’īn We saw the caribou from far away.

nī' moss

n

Tū gahda'e nī’ tōdiht’eh.

Down by the water, there's lots of moss.

nī.ni.la set (traps), (s)he

v

E denezā' denene k'eh khēł nīnila.

The man set traps on his trapline.

nī.ni.la left, he

v

E echosh nalādi kēt nīnila.

He left the paddles in the boat.

nī.tēł v camp / sleep, we will

Kimōti'e nītēł.

We'll camp in a good spot.

no.'o.dā.lełi n no.’o.dā.leł No'odālełi, zas udēslet. springtime In the springtime the snow melts.

Refers to early spring when the snow is melting. no.hosh.yē playing, I am

v

Nūktu'e eł nohoshyē.

I'm playing with a doll.

no.ho.yeh playing, (s)he is

v

E eskiye dedēdze eł nohoyeh.

The boy is playing with his sister.

non' n medicine

Edlā esdaga non' ala.

Mother made some medicine for me.

Possibly alah.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

59

nō.din.dī stop

v

Nōdindī k'ās e hogha'inłā.

Stop your work now.

nōs.'e.se currents, red

n

Nōs'ese dutsān didi keyeh.

There are no more currents in this country.

nō.shi.jeh playing, we are

v

nō.si.jeh

Ah'āt nōshijeh.

We are playing over there.

nō.yē.k'ēn.ts'et v played out/tired, you are

Nōyēk'ēnts'edā?

Are you played out?

nus.t’i.he marten

E nust'ihe gah etsets.

The marten is eating a rabbit.

n

nu.sēh.ts’ān understand you, I nus.tsen' cheek

Nusēhts'ān dūda adindī.

I understand what you're saying. n

ghus.tsen'

Yenustsen' nanīhgotl.

He punched him on the cheek.

o o.ho.dī

v

Dūda ohodī "I'm tired?"

say, they

How do they say, "I'm tired?"

ō.de.ne.la hurts, it

v

ōn.yē named, you are

v

ō.yē called, it is

v

ō.yē named, (s)he is

v

Estsi' ōdenela.

My head hurts. ōn.yeh

Dūda didenek'eh ōnyē?

What's your Tahltan name?

Dūda ōyē didenek'eh?

What do you call it in Tahltan?

ō.yeh

Enli'e dūda ōyē?

What's your dog's name?

p Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

60

-pā.ne n E t'ēde depāne eł nohoyeh. friend The girl is playing with her friend.

A borrowed word - the letter 'p' is not native to Tahltan.

s sa.dē’ hu.līn sunny, it is

vp

sa.dē’ huh.līn Sadē' hulīn, ah'en nōdēsyēł.

It's sunny now, so I'm going out to play.

sa.dēnh.t’eh poor thing, you

v

Ho'idīnts'edi k'a'anht'eh, sadēnht'eh.

You look tired, you poor thing.

sas bear, black

n

Tū dese gah sas yāze yes'īn.

I saw a black bear cub by the river.

sas tēł bear rug

n

Sas tēł k'eh dēstēł.

I'm going to sleep on the bear rug.

sā sun

n

Ibehi sā łān sezeł.

In summer, the sun is very hot.

se.k'as bit, it

v

E tsa' eskiye la' sek'as.

The beaver bit the boy's hand.

Also iskiye

seł gaff hook

n

E gēs seł eł sizeh.

I caught a king salmon with the gaff hook.

ses.dah sitting, I'm

v

Kon' nī’ sesdah na'adenusdzīli.

I'm sitting by the fire to warm myself.

ses.k'as bit me, (s)he / it

v

E tlī’ ededechā sesk'as.

That mean dog bit me.

si.’i.se.ne pro mine / belongs to me

Sindzeh! Si’isene.

Leave it! It's mine.

sih.chūt grabbed me, (s)he Possibly shihchūt.

v

Se'e edinēsts'edi, sihchūt.

Just as I fell, he grabbed me.

sih.tsān smell, I

v

Tsets desk'ani sihtsān.

I smell wood burning

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

61

si.ni I / me

pro

sluh.jeh hail

n

so.ga well

adv

su.dinh.ki.di ask me, you

v

Sini k'aji tehmīł dadēstl'ūł.

I too will set a net. is.luh.jeh

Edū meneslīn dāda sluhjeh nadetl'īd.

I don't like it when it hails.

E eghadēn łān didenek'eh soga hodedē.

That woman speaks Tahltan very well.

su.dinh.kit

Yē kah da sudinkidi?

What did you ask me?

s sa.’e long time ago

Sa'e ja', Tlēgohīn nasdē.

A long time ago, I lived in Telegraph.

Also Tlēgō'īn nasdeh.

sa.he pole

n

łuwe sahe k'eh dasila.

I hung the fish on the pole.

Also k'edasila.

sah.ni alone sā sand

adv

Sahni tū dese ch'ideshya.

He went down the river alone. (ie. by himself) Edōne sa k'eh nahūheyeh.

The children are playing in the sand.

sā.de.tle.di radio

n

Chaehōlone sādetledi ts'i' udenesit'ās.

We listen to the radio in the morning.

Also udenesitsʼān.

se.'ān set / located, it is

v

E khit menh gah se’ān.

The house is set by the lake.

se.'unh shoot, (s)he might

v

Mānīse nust'ihe se'unh de'.

Maybe he'll shoot a martin.

se.dah sitting, (s)he is

v

E eghadēn dekime hok'āge sedah.

The woman is sitting beside her house.

seh.t’eh cooked, (s)he

v

K'at kūkh seht'eh.

She already cooked rice.

n

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

62

seh.t’ih v caught (with a pole), (s)he

Dūgi chachōlone łuwe seht'ih.

This morning he caught a fish.

se.k'ats cold

Di tū uwe sek'ats.

This water is already cold.

adj

se.lah v lying / located, it is

E tl’ūł nalādi k'eh selah.

The rope is lying on the boat.

Possibly sela.

seł sweat

n

Gendām dekahitl'ā seł ādedila.

The horse ran hard and got in a sweat.

Also āydedila.

se.tīn sleeping, (s)he is

v

E tlī’ tēł k'eh setīn.

The dog is sleeping on the rug.

se.ze ł hot

adj

Tāzeł tiye sezeł.

The soup is too hot.

sē belt

n

Didi sē łān mōnelīn.

This is a really pretty belt.

Also mōnelīne.

si.din.ka fry, you

v

Esdaga etsen' sidinkā.

Fry some meat for me.

sih.t’ih caught (with a pole), I

v

Ch' āsh eł łuwe siht'ih.

I caught a fish with a set line.

sin.dah sit, you

v

Jān sindah, menlīn de'.

Sit here if you want.

Also menlīne.

sin.ze.lā hot, are you

adj

Sadē' nadi'. Sinzelā?

The sun is strong. Are you hot?

Also sadē.

si.tas cut, I

v

Esla' sitas.

I cut my hand.

sī.tsēt ate, we

v

Kedā tsen' sītsēt estsiye eł.

We ate moose meat with grandpa.

Also khedā.

son'

n

Ihtl’ēge zedle son' nesit'īn.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

63

star

We see stars only at night.

suk.nēn flour

n

Suknēn esdaga kadindā.

Go get me some flour.

suk.nēn se.t’e.hi bannock / bread

n

Suknēn set'ehi simā inht'ēs.

Cook that bread by the fire.

su.sīn.ts'ān v su.sin.ts' ān Susints'ān. Meneslīn endohosdech. listen to me Listen to me. I want to tell you Telling one person to listen.

t -ta’ father

n

Deta' eł tsets det'ās.

He's cutting wood with his father.

ta.'es.la won, (s)he

v

łakwē ta’esle.

She won twice.

ta.dah n ice chisel Some use ede' for ice chisel.

Ete'e tenh ghanigēt tadah eł.

Father made a hole in the ice with an ice chisel.

tah among

pp

Edlā ts'ōstsiye tah dedā.

Mother is walking among the balsam trees.

ta.mā shore

n

tan.desh.ja checking, (s)he is

n

tan.ha.tīł freezing up, it's

v

tas arrow

n

Sa'e, tas eł khih ts'eghān.

A long time ago, they killed animals with arrows.

tas.dlo.he shrew

n

Tasdlohe uwēt'ē nenh yige nadehedē.

Shrews always live tinder the ground.

Ta.ten chō April

n

ta.mā.'e

Meghide tamā se'ān.

His house is on the shore Ahda'e deghēle tandeshja.

He's checking his traps down that way.

ta.na.ha.tīł

łanāk'as hots'ih, tanhatīł.

Since it got cold. it's freezing up.

Thick crust on the snow

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

64

Also lh’āz isā - Game is travelling.

Ta.ten tse.dle n March Also Tatene iza'e - Crust starts month.

Thin crust

ta.tu' puddle

n

Tehkahche tatu' kēt teseda.

There's a frog sitting in the puddle.

ta.tlān deep

adj

E menh łān tatlān.

The lake is very deep.

Possibly tatlānh.

Ta.tl’ah n Tatl'ah hots'idēsāł.

Dease Lake I going to Dease Lake.

Literally means "headwater" (i.e. of Dease River). ta.ts'i.dle shallow

adj

E gendām tats'īdle nēhgēt.

The horse crossed where it was shallow.

-tā n uncle (father's brother)

Estā eł ejidēsāł.

I'm going hunting with my uncle.

tā.de.t'ē three

num

Tādet’ē gāza dahkime de'e.

There are three pine trees behind our house.

tāh.da hurt, he

v

Dāda tsets det'ās, degāne tāhda.

When he was cutting wood, he hurt his arm.

Also det’āzi.

tās.dle.he n ant Very large black ants.

Tāsdlehe edōne ke' sek'as.

The ant bit the child's foot.

tā.t'ē three

num

Tāt’ē eskiye honeh k'eh hededeł.

The three boys walked around on the hill.

Also hohneh.

tā.t’ē ts'ōs.nān thirty Also ts'ōsnāne.

num

Edese tāt’ē ts'ōsnān khaye me'eł ahuja.

My uncle is 30 years old.

tāw three times

adv

Tāw yekamōdesdā’.

She called out to her three times.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

65

tā.zeł soup

n

Sesdlih, tāzeł āwdlē.

I'm cold, so let's make some soup.

Also ōydlē.

teh.ji.she mink

n

E dene khēł ni'ā tehjishe daga.

The man is setting traps for mink.

teh.kah.che frog

n

E tehkahche tenhtl'ā debē.

The frog is swimming under the water.

teh.kah.che ji.je n choke cherry Literally "frog berry"

Tehkahche jije edū soga łedih.

Choke cherries don't taste very good.

teh.k’ā muskrat

n

E tehk'ā menh mā tl'ot’ās etsets.

The muskrat is eating grass around the lake.

Also mād'e and tl'okh.

teh.mīł net, fish

n

łuwe tōdiht’ē k’e’ īlu’ tehmīł eł.

I caught a lot of fish with my net.

te.ne road/trail

n

E ishjān dene tene k'eh dedā.

The old man is walking on the road.

Also ishjāni.

tenh ice

n

E tsa' tenh yige debē.

The beaver is swimming under the ice.

tenh tl'ā advp te.ne tl'ā E keda tenh tl'a hotsets. under water The moose is feeding under the water.

The meaning of tenh tl’ā is disputed - it sounds like under ice. tes cane, walking stick

n

Estsū tes eł dedā.

Grandmother walks with a cane.

tē.des.t’ak flew away, it

v

Tūdi dakha'īn, tēdest'ak.

The duck saw us and flew away.

Possibly dakhā'īn.

tē.ga.des.tān ran away, (s)he

v

tē.ga.des.tān Dūgi łān chachōlone tēgadestān.

Really early this morning, he ran away.

ti.ye ā.chō big, too

adjp

ti.ye ā.choh

tī.da

adv

E nalādi tiye āchō e k'inātl'ēhi daga.

The boat is too big for the truck.

Tīda ūnā desitī.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

66

for nothing

We haul the gun mound for nothing.

tī.dah.tlī’ n coyote Literally good for nothing dog.

Tīdah tlī' ch'iyōne ghā'ih ātsedle.

A coyote is smaller than a wolf.

to.ga.tāłpants

n

Di togatāł bah līn.

These pants are dirty.

tō.dih.t’eh many/lots

adj

Dāne ja', et'āne tōdiht'eh.

It is spring and there are many leaves.

-tu'e daughter

n

Estu'e esdaga eht'eh.

My daughter cooked for me.

-tu.'e ga.lī.ne son-in-law

n

Estu'e galīne dūgi dzenēs łandadāł.

My son-in-law is coming back today.

tu.'is.gas broken

adj

E k'uk'ā tu'isgas tīdekhitl.

He threw the broken cup out.

tuh.dā bald eagle

n

Tuhdā mesdzī yādaga āchoh.

The eagle is bigger than the owl.

Also ghādaga.

tuh.tsey loon tū water

n

tū da.seh.tān pond

n

t’u.ga.tāł

tuh.tse.ye

n

Tuhtsey menh kēt yes'īn.

I saw a loon at the lake.

E tlī' tū ehts'ē.

The dog is lapping the water.

Tū dasehtān ts'ih tū desitī.

We're packing water from the pond.

tū de.se n river Also used for the Stikine River.

Tehjishe tū dese kēt yebēł.

The mink is swimming in the river.

tū.di chō duck, mallard Literally big duck.

T'atl'ā tūdi chō łān nehtsen anādē.

In the fall the mallard ducks get very fat.

n

tū k'e.'e.dēs.ts'et vp thirsty, I'm Literally means ''I'm craving water."

Tū k'e'edēsts'et. Tū esghankā.

I'm thirsty. Give me water.

Also esghānkā.

tū k'e.'e.din.ts'e.dā?

Tū k’e'edints'edā?

vp

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

67

thirsty, are you Literally "Are you craving water?"

Are you thirsty?

tū tse.dle creek

Eskiye tū tsedle k'enēdeskayh.

The boy jumped across the creek.

n

t’ -t'a' fin

n

łuwe met'a' kadasiht'āts.

I cut the fish's fins off.

t’a.’a board, lumber

n

Megalīne t'a'a nidalēł.

Her husband is going to buy lumber.

t’at.lā fall / autumn

n

T'atl'ā kedā kah ejinasit'ās.

In the fall we hunt moose.

Also khedā.

-t’ā.he wing

n

Ehdā met'āhe łān nadi'.

The eagle has very strong wings.

t’āt in

pp

E kūkh kek'ets t’āt sehtānh.

The rice is sitting in the box.

t'ē.de girl

n

E t’ēde demā ts'inādi’.

The girl is helping her mother.

t’i.ya.kas fishing pole

n

E eskiye t'iyakas tū dese ts'i' yedestān.

The boy took a fishing pole down to the river.

t’i.yā fish hook

n

T’iyā tl'ūł medēschish.

I'm going to tie the hook to a string.

t’ōk wart

n

Melats'ege k'eh t’ōk it'īn.

He has warts on his finger.

t’ū tender

adj

E etsen' t’ū k'a'at'eh.

The meat looks tender.

t’ū.dze bark (inner)

n

Ts’ū t’ūdze dekos daga eti'e.

Inner spruce bark is good for colds

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

68

tl tleyh lard, grease, oil

n

Suknen set'ehi siht'eh tleyh et.

I cooked the bannock with lard.

Tlē.ge.hin n Tlē.gō.'in Telegraph Creek Actually Tlingit for "Raspberry Creek".

Edū Tlēgōhīn nadē.

She doesn't live in Telegraph Creek.

Also nadeh.

tlī’ dog

n

Tlī’ denestl'edzi ichohi ist'īn.

I have a really big black dog.

Also uchohi.

tlī' i.tse.dle puppy

n

tlī tse.dle

Tlī’ itsedle kē tu'ih'ātl.

The puppy chewed the shoe.

tlī' ji.je dog berries

n

tlī ji.je

TIī’ jije łan ts’i’endeshjit.

Dog berries smell really bad.

Also tsʼi’endeshjet.

tl’ tl’a.sa.kīs ring

n

TI'asakīs delats'ege ghādih'ān.

She has a ring on her finger.

Also ghāydih'ān.

Dāda hogha'īła'i tl’ā, si nus'ī.

After I'm finished working, I will see you.

Also sā nus'ī.

tl’ā after

pp

-tl'ā place

n

tl'oyh grass

n

tl'ū.ga coho

n

Tāt’ē tl’ūga tehmīł eł sīdlu'.

We caught three coho with the net.

tl’ū.k’enh socks

n

Di tl’ūk'enh k'asden meghōnizāts.

These socks are almost worn out.

Intl’ā hots'idinda!

Go to your place!

Also entl'ā. tl'okh

E tl'oyh udesi adādīł.

The grass is getting tall.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

69

tI'ūł rope

n

E eghadēni tl’ūł gat eychchich.

The woman is tying the rope to the tree.

ts tsa' beaver

n

E dene tsa' yegēł.

The man is packing a beaver.

tsa' tsen' beaver meat

n

E t'ede tsa' tsen' etsets.

The girl is eating beaver meat.

tsā' ki.me outhouse

n

E tsā' kime ūwēt’ē khit de'e se'ān.

The outhouse is always behind the house.

tsā.zū comb

n

E t'ēde tsāzū łitānitān.

The girl bought a comb.

tse.li gopher

n

Tseli dahkime hode'e nadē.

A gopher lives behind our house.

Also nadeh.

tses.k'i.ye raven/crow

n

Tsesk'iye khih zē' hiyenelīn hetsets.

Ravens like to eat dead animals.

Also heyeneline.

tsets wood

n

Estsiye tsets dert’ās dechi tah.

Grandfather is cutting firewood in the bush.

-tsih nose

n

E came tsedle metsih bah.

The baby's nose is dirty.

tsi.lē.dze ashes

n

Kon' nestses, tsilēdze nik'its.

The fire went out and the ashes got cold.

tsi.na.kay n Tsinakay łedihi ja' ts'enh tōdiht’ē. sucker fish The sucker fish tastes good, but it has many bones.

This sucker fish has heavy, coarse scales. See also desdeli. tsi.ye calf moose moose.

n

Dūgi khayc eshchidle kedā tsiye se'un.

This winter my younger brother shot a calf Also khedā.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

70

-tsi.ye grandfather

n

Estsiye khēł esghani'ān.

My grandfather gave me a trap.

tsī.ni be quiet

n

Tsīni. E edōne tsedle setīn.

Be quiet. The baby's sleeping.

Tsōs.k'ā.'e n camp robber / blue jay

Tsōsk'ā'e gat k'edaseda.

The blue jay is sitting up in the tree.

-tsū grandmother

Estsū daga suknēn set'ehi siht'eh.

I cooked bannock for grandmother.

n

ts' ts'ah hat

n

Di ts'ah tsidadin'ā.

Put this hat on.

ts'ā.le spoon

n

Ede' ts'āle ayila.

He made a horn spoon.

ts'e.de blanket

n

E edōne tsedle ts'ede kāge nestīn.

The little child went to sleep on the blanket

ts'eh.khā.le v shaking / shivering, (s)he is

Ts'ehkhāle łān esdlī ghah.

He is shaking because he is very cold.

-ts'es.got elbow

Ests'esgot tāyhdah hok'edists'edi.

I hurt my elbow when I fell.

Also tāhdah.

n

ts'i.'en.'ō.neh.'ān adj ugly (looks funny)

tsʼi.’en.’ō.neh.’ ā.ne

E dūsh ts'i'en'ōneh'ān tēł kāge setīn The ugly cat was sleeping on the rug

ts’i.’en.desh.jit stinks, it

adj

ts'i.'en.desh.jet

E tlī’ łān ts'i'endeshjit.

The dog really stinks.

tsʼih from

pp

-ts'i.ki.’e cousin

n

Nalādi asidla k'ī la' ts'ih.

We made a boat from birch bark.

Ests'iki'e esgah atsēt.

My cousin ate with me.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

71

-ts'i.ni friend / cousin

n

Ests'ini es'eł ładadāł.

My friend is coming with me.

ts'is.tah slowly

adv

Ts'istah ts'a' k'e'ehdē.

He's washing the dishes slowly.

-ts'i.yā.ne wife

n

Mets'iyāne eskiye łāhtēł.

His wife gave birth to a boy.

ts'ots blowfly

n

Edū ts'ots utlān dūgi ibehi.

There are not many blowflies this summer.

ts'ōs.tsi.ye balsam

n

Ts'ōstsiye ye'ela'e łān non' daga eti'e.

Balsam bark is really good medicine.

tsʼu.la.’ī.dze suddenly

adv

Ts'ula'īdze dzime it'ak.

Suddenly the bird flew.

ts'u.la.k'ay' mountain ash

n

ts’ū spruce tree

n

ts'u.la.k'ay

Ts'ulak'ay' tōdiht’eh honeh.

There's a lot of mountain ash on the hill.

Also hohneh.

Dests'eze ts'il gat ckiträ'.

The squirrel ran up the spruce tree.

Also dists'eze.

ts tsa.bā.'e trout

n

Ete'e tsabā'e uchohi seht'ih menh kēt.

Father caught a big trout in the lake.

-tseh ahead of, before

adv

E edōne detseh yedāł.

The child is walking ahead of him.

tsē rock

n

Tsē henihsīł tsēkone daga.

They heated rocks for the sweathouse.

tsē mountain

n

Tsē k'eh debēhi yes'īn.

I saw sheep on the mountain.

Also debēhe.

tsē'

adv

Dedin tsē' ja' hodesdā'i.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

72

first

He's the first one to start talking.

tsē' wait

int

Tsē! Eneł dēsāł.

Wait! I'll go with you.

-tsi' head

n

Estsi' eya'e.

My head is sore.

Could be translated "I have a headache.”

-tsi.'e n niece (brother's daughter) Term used by a man.

Estsi'e esdaga eht'eh.

My niece cooked for me.

-tsi.gha' hair (on head)

n

Metsigha' dadudēs.

Her hair is long.

tsīł axe

n

E gat tsīł eł edenhkhēs.

Fall that tree with the axe.

-tsu.we n granddaughter Term used by a man.

Dūgi dzenēs estsuwe yes'īn.

I saw my granddaughter today.

-tsu.we n grandson Term used by a man.

Estsuwe ch'iyōne se'unh.

My grandson shot a wolf.

tsʼ ts'a' plate / dish

n

E k'unts ts'a' kenlē.

Put some potatoes on the plate.

Also kēnlē.

ts'a.di honey, sweetheart

n

Dets'adi eł dude'ih.

She's out with her honey.

tsʼe.’ī.ze.di wakes up, (s)he

v

-ts'e.ne leg

n

Gendām mets'ene nādi'.

A horse has strong legs.

ts'enh

n

Edū esdah ts'enh łēgas.

ts'e.’ī.zet

Esdahūndeji de' dāda ts'e'īzedi.

Tell me when he wakes up.

Also esdahōndeji.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

73

bone

I've never broken any bone.

ts'ē thread

n

Ejideh kē et'anh ts'ē eł na'aneslūs.

I'm sewing the moccasins with sinew.

ts'i.des.'ā straight

adj

Ts'ides'ā sahe eneslīn.

I want a straight pole.

Also eneslīne.

ts'ih mosquito

n

ts'ih.tah.nā.ne bee / wasp

n

ts'ikh.ts'ik sled

n

ts'i • sā khit tent

n

ts'ōs.nān ten

num

tsʼi.he

Ibehi eyinh ts'ih tōdiht’eh.

In the summer, there are lots of mosquitoes.

Jije unēsbēhi ts'ihtahnāne sesk'is.

When I was picking berries, a bee stung me.

ts'ih-ts'ik

Eskiye ts'ikhts'ik eł na'idzos.

The boy is sliding with a sled.

Ete'e ts'isā khit dandaga dayehchūsh Father set up a tent for us.

ts'ōs.nā.ne

Ts'ōsnān dānā eneslīn.

I want ten dollars.

Also eneslīne.

u u.cho.hi big, large

adj

u.dā.leł melt, it is going to

v

u.den.ts'ān' v listen Telling one person. u.de.si tall long

adj

u.dēs.t'eł v fishing, I am going Fishing with a pole.

chō

Kedā łān uchohi si'unh.

I shot a really big moose.

Also khedā.

Kuji e tenh udāleł.

Now the ice is going to melt.

u.de.nin.ts'ān'

Udents'ān'! Yēda dints'egi?

Listen! What do you hear?

Ete'e łān udesi dene.

My father is a really tall man. ēstsēdẕ i tl’ā udēst’eł.

After I eat, I am going fishing.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

74

u.dēs.let melted, it has

v

E k'otl kēt e tleyh udēslet.

The grease melted in the bucket.

Also tlekh.

uh.do.ne light

adj

E k'otl uhdone dāda mezūł.

The bucket is light when it is empty.

uh.t’ē fishing, (s)he is uh.tlān lots

Uwēt’ē khihgah eskiye uht'ē.

Every evening the boy goes fishing. adj

E dene ahyigi dānā uhtlān.

That person there has lots of money.

u.hu.nē.bē v picking (berries), they are

Edōne jije uhunēbē.

The children are picking berries.

u.kat wide

adj

Tū dese ukat jāni.

The river is wide here.

u.kił heavy

adj

E k'otl ukił dāda dena'ān.

The bucket is heavy when it's full.

Also dene'ān.

u.nē.bē

v

E tēde honeh k'eh jije unēbē.

picking (berries), (s)he is

The girl is picking berries on the hillside.

Also hobneh. Some people leave out k'eh.

u.nēs.bē v picking (berries), I am

Estsū daga jije unēsbē.

I am picking berries for my grandmother.

u.nēs.mān v picked (berries), (s)he

Kidzōk'eh edlā jije utlān unēsmān.

Yesterday mother picked many berries.

unh.t'ē fishing, you arc

v

Yē kah da' unht’ē?

What are you fishing for?

us.t'ē fishing, I am

v

Espāne eł ust'ē.

I am fishing with my friends.

u.sēh.ts'ān understand, I

v

ē, Didene usēhts'ān.

Yes, I understand Tahltan.

u.sīnh.ts'ā.nā v understand, do you

K'as didene usīnhts'ānā?

Do you understand Tahltan?

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

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u.tī daypack

n

E iskiye utī ti'e it'īn.

The boy has a good daypack.

Also eskiye.

u.tlān many

adj

Gah kēhke utlān dechinh tah.

There are many rabbit tracks in the bush.

Also dechi tah.

u.wē.t'ē always

adv

Edlā ete'e eł uwēt’ē hogha'ahīh'ās.

Mother and father are always working.

u.yā.de.nes.łīn ashamed, I'm

adj

Meghah uyādenesłīn.

I'm ashamed of him.

u.yē named, (s)he is

v

ū.nā rifle

n

-wakh.dā.nā glasses

n

u.yeh

Tl’okesdā uyē.

Her name is Tl’ok'esdā uyē.

Edith Carlick's name.

Ete'e ūnā detī.

Dad is carrying a rifle.

w

De'eda eswakhdānā dēlā?

Where did I put my glasses?

wāsh.mān n wāch.mān Dū anhudē wāshmān dahts'inadi'. policeman Sometimes the policeman helps us.

Word borrowed from English - watchman.

y ya.'īn saw, (s)

ye.'īn

E t'ēde deyō' ya'īn.

The girl saw a bull moose.

ya.ka.h jumping, (s)he

v

E t'ēde mediye kōnelīne ghah, yakah.

Because the girl is so happy, she's jumping.

ya.na.ja went in, (s)he

v

łāni chachōlone dekime yanaja.

Early in the morning he went into his house.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

76

ya.tsēt ate, (s)he

v

yā tl’ū.le n rainbow Literally "sky rope”.

E t'ēde jije utlān yatsēt.

The girl ate many berries. sā.dā tl’ū.le

-ye.'e n nephew (brother's son) Term used by a man. ye.bēł swimming, it is

Yat'ā yā tl’ūle nes'īn.

I see a rainbow in the sky.

Eshye'e esdaga tū kadeshya.

My nephew got water for me.

v

ya•het

Kazūne tū dese kēt yebēł.

The otter is swimming in the river.

ye.da.’ūł v shoot, (s)he is going to

i.da.’ūł

E denezā deyō' yeda'ūł.

The man is going to shoot the bull moose.

Also denezā’.

ye.de.gē v carrying, (s)he is To carry on one's shoulder or back.

E t’a'a deyisgot eł yedegē.

He is carrying the board on his shoulder.

ye.de.tī v carrying, (s)he is To carry in one’s hand. ye.do.ho.dech v told him / her, (s)he

EdIā e seł yedetī.

Mother is carrying the gaff.

ye.gēł packing, (s)he is

v

ye.gha.ni.'ān v gave him/her, (s)he ye.gha.nih.chūsh v gave him / her, (s)he.

Yedohodech edū yenelīn dedā.

She told her she didn't want to go. ya.gēł

Ete'e nādāł tsa' chō yegēł.

Father is coming back packing a big beaver.

Tsīł yeghani'ān.

He gave him an axe.

ye.ghay.nih.chūsh

Kinā'et yeghanihchūsh She gave him a jacket.

ye.gha.nih.tān v gave him / her, (s)he

Jije tu' yeghanihtān.

She gave her some juice.

ye.gha.ni.tān v gave him / her, (s)he

E denezā’ dechime tas yeghanitān.

The man gave his son an arrow.

Also just ghanitān.

ye.ghā.ni.la v gave him / her, (s)he.

ye.ghay.ni.la łedihi utlān yeghānila He gave her lots of candy.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

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yeh.dih said, (s)he

v

ye.huh.'ān found, (s)he See also i’ān.

v

Tsē dadiht'ē yehuh'ān.

He found a funny rock.

ye.neh.'īn watching, (s)he is

v

E t’ēde dechidle nohoyē yeneh'īn.

The girl is watching her brother play.

ye.ne.līn likes, (s)he

v

ye.ne.lī.ne

Yenelīn ejinadā.

He likes hunting.

ye.nes.zen think, I

v

yen.is.zen

Chachā łanduja' yeneszen.

I think he's coming back tomorrow.

ye.ne.zen thinks, (s)he

v

ye.nī.zen

Kedā se'un yenezen.

He thinks he shot the moose.

Also khedā se'unh.

yes.'īn saw, I

v

Nasdā gat k'eh yes'īn.

I saw a lynx up the tree.

yes.'unh

v

Kedā k'aye tah hots'ih kāgēdi, ete'e yes'unh.

shot it, (s)he dad shot it.

ch.dih, yeh.dī “Ejidēsāł," yehdih.

"I'm going hunting," he said.

When the bull moose came out of the willows, Also khedā.

ye.seh.khīn killed it, (s)he

v

Didi deyō’ ja' ediye yesehkhīn.

This is the bull moose my older brother killed.

yes.luh caught, (s)he

v

E denezā' gendām detl’ūle eł yesluh.

The man caught the horse with his rope.

yes.tsēt ate, I

v

Kidzōk'eh tsa' che' yestsēt.

I ate beaver tail yesterday.

ye.t’ał flying, it is

v

E dzime łān k'adla yet’ał.

The bird is flying really fast.

yē.da what

pro

Yēda enlīn?

What do you want'?

Also enlīne.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

78

yē ghah why

advp

Yē ghah da' ant'īn?

Why are you doing that?

Also ānt’īn.

yi.’i.se.ne owns, (s)he

v

Mē yi’isene?

Who owns this?

yi.ge under

pp

E kek'its yige yēda at’ē?

What's under the box?

yih.dzos caught, I

v

yih.dzots

Hozedōk'eh khaye, nāsta'e nust'ihe yihdzos.

Last winter I caught eight marten.

yih.t’i’ v caught (with a line), I

Tāt’ē āseda yiht'i'.

I caught three steelhead.

yi.lu’ v caught (with a net), I

Tāt’ē dēk’āne yilu' dūgi chachōlone.

I caught three sockeye this morning.

yis.te' slept, I

v

łān soga yiste' dūgi ihtl’ēge.

I slept really well last night.

-yis.got shoulder

n

yīh.t’i’

v

ghis.got

E sahe deyisgot kāge yatīł.

He carried the tentpole on his shoulder.

Kidzōk'eh łakē gēs yīht'i'.

caught (with a pole), he

Yesterday I caught two king salmon.

yu.deh.kit asked him, (s)he

Yudehkit "Eswakhdāna idīda?".

He asked him, "Where are my glasses?"

v

z -zas.’āt n niece (brother's daughter) Term used by a woman.

Eszas'āt ēch nanelūs.

My niece is sewing a shirt.

-ze.dā n nephew (brother's son) Term used by a woman

Eszedā esgah etsen' łā'āł.

My nephew brought me meat.

ze.dle only

łige tsabā'e zedle seht'ih.

He only caught one trout.

adv

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

79

z zas snow

n

yas

zas na.de.tl’īd snowing, it is

v

Zas nadetl'īd ah'ene.

It's snowing outside.

-zā.di tongue

n

Kedā mezādi łān udes.

A moose's tongue is very long.

-zāt mouth

n

Mezāt hodetsīdzi jije edēli.

His mouth was red from eating berries.

Also edēl.

zūł empty

adj

Kek'its zūł yeghāni'ān.

She gave him an empty box.

Also kek'ets and yeghāyni'ān.

Tanhnch zas tōdiht’eh.

There is a lot of snow on the hills.

Tahltan alphabetic order: ', a, ā. ch, ch’, d, dl, dz, dz, e, ē, g, gh, h, i, ī, j, k, k’, kh, l, ł, m, n, nh, o, ō, p, s, s, sh, t, t’, tl, tl’, ts, tsʼ, ts, ts’, u, ū, w, y, yh, z, z.

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