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• Definition of blockchain

• Core principles: decentralization, transparency, immutability
• Why it matters in today’s digital world



• Blocks, chains, and nodes

• Consensus mechanisms (Proof of Work, Proof of Stake)
• Role of cryptography in security



• Decentralization

• Transparency
• Security
• Immutability
• Smart contracts




• Cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, etc.)
• Cross-border payments
• Fraud prevention
• Smart contracts in banking




• Real-time tracking of goods
• Enhancing transparency
• Reducing fraud and counterfeiting
• Improving efficiency & trust



• Securing patient records

• Enhancing interoperability across providers
• Preventing medical fraud
• Drug traceability & safety




• Secure and transparent voting systems
• Digital identities
• Transparent record-keeping
• Land registry management



• Scalability limitations

• High energy consumption
• Regulatory concerns
• Adoption barriers




• Integration with AI and IoT
• Mass adoption trends
• Potential to transform industries
• Ongoing research and development


