Understanding the City Studio (Ahmedabad)- 1st Semester Portfolio

P O R T F O L I O

Urban Sprawls and Transformation of Sola PG 191012| MUP| Foundation Studio G Sujit Vishal

PREFACE A city can be termed as layers of functional, psychological and agglomerative patterns which overlap to and function. This city can be observed through many perspectives. Every region of the city differs from one another and functions in a different way. This leads to a very vibrant fabric of which cities are made up of. Ahmedabad is a city located in the state of Gujarat, India. It is the only city in India to be declared as a heritage city. The Sabarmati River cuts Ahmedabad into east and west, as well as old and new respectively. Ahmedabad coexists with the old and the new settlement. Both the old and new have different typologies, densities, infrastructure etc. which was to be studied in the “Understanding the City”, MUP Foundation 2019 studio at CEPT University. Each student was given a square kilometer of land to be studied on these various aspects.

The precinct documented in this publication lies in Sola; on the western fringe of Ahmedabad, and north to the Thaltej. The precinct is located at around 7 kilometers from the CEPT University. Sola is a developing area in the suburbs of Ahmedabad. It is predominantly a residential area with high-rise apartments and gated communities with commercial complexes, restaurants, and hospitals helping the area become more commercialized. Sola has undergone immense changes over the past two decades. The agrarian lands are replaced by highrise apartments and detached houses. The publication looks at the precinct from the lens of urbanization and transformation, two key aspects observed in the neighborhood. It also shows how this precinct is undergoing the change and what may lie ahead for this kind of neighborhood in the city of Ahmedabad.

Acknowledgement I would sincerely like to thank our studio guide, Prof. Nitika Bhakuni ma’am, and our academic associate, Mr. Aarzoo Samani for guiding and assisting me throughout the studio.

I would also like to thank all the other professors of the foundation studio, 2019, for their critical inputs and comments which have led to my learning in the studio.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my family and friends for always supporting and assisting me. Lastly, I would thank my fellow batch-mates, for their support and faith.

Disclaimer The information presented in this portfolio has been studied and collected by the author as a part of the “Understanding the City” studio, Faculty of Planning, CEPT University.

Any omissions and errors are deeply regretted.

2

CONTENT

1

Overview

2

What led to the Urban Sprawl in Sola?

3

Demand and Urban Sprawl in Sola

4

People and their choices in Sola

5

Public Realm and Development of Sola

6

Conclusion

About the Precinct People’s perception of Sola Transformation of Sola Determining Changes in the Timeline

Utilisation of Land and the room for urban development Jantri Rates and its effect on Urban Sprawl in Sola Adequate city level connectivity with poor precinct level accessibility Effect of roads on FSI Impartial distribution of Infrastructure in it’s effect on Urban Sprawl Various income Groups and Housing Choices in Sola Job Generation in Sola Vehicular preferences of people in Sola Public Realm and it’s Room for urban development Extent of Public Realm Development of Sola

3

OVERVIEW 4

ABOUT THE PRECINCT LOCATION OF THE PRECINCT

LANDMARKS IN THE PRECINCT

The study area is located at the North-west fringe of Ahmedabad, west to the SG Highway. The precinct boundary extends from the High Court Auditorium from the North to the CIMS Hospital in the south.

Sola is planned in a Residential Zone under the current development plan 2021. Sola is a rapidly developing are which comes under the AMC Boundary.

Over the past two decades Sola has seen a massive change in terms of development and transformation, so it has a diverse building typology like Row-Houses, Gamtals, Villa, High rise apartments.

5

PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION OF SOLA

6

There are many birds in the area. It is quite an attraction for the people coming in the early morning and late night to witness the three peacock and few birds in the Sardar Patel Garden. It feels like being with Nature.

PHYSICAL

Over the past few years, Sola has transformed as a residential and commercial place.

People have all the basic amenities in the area within reach.

Mr. Salim Fruit Vendor Age: 26

There are a lot of development happening in the area for the past few years. Hospital and Park are accessible to all the residents. Many office and restaurants have opened in the science city road

ENVIRONMENT

Public Transportation has improved after the BRTS was inaugurated. Helping in commuting to the city and vice-versa. Traffic in the area is nominal. There is no congestion and there is always a free flow of traffic.

PHYSICAL The precinct has changed a lot in the past 25 years that no one could have expected.

High-rise apartments and villa have been developed in the past few years

Group of People Residents

ENVIRONMENT

PHYSICAL

Economic Growth has increased the Land value in the past 5 years.

The real estate price grew from ₹ 50000/ sq feet to ₹ 150000 between 20152019.

(Approximate as stated by the interview)

Mr. Sabhul Bhai Cobbler Age: 63

TRANSPORTATION

ENVIRONMENT

Inauguration of Gujarat Science City helped in improving road network in Sola. The rapid development started in 2015. The area has evolved as one of the posh area in the city.

ENVIRONMENT

Mr. Kurnal Patel Resident Age: 52

Due to the recent development, a water body in the north-west periphery of the precinct is dried. Lack of rain in the past few years is a factor.

There are a lot of green spaces in the area so the air quality is good.

What led to the Urban Sprawl in Sola?

7

DETERMINING CHANGES IN THE TIMELINE 2000

2010

Muddy land, single lane roads. agrarian lands are seen

After the Expansion of SG highway and Science city road the residential population started to move to the precinct

2015

2019

Expansion and new buildings are found along the Arterial roads

High-rise Apartment and Detached Bungalows started developing in the precinct

Building Typology Changes

1999 Gamtal 8

2005 Row-House

2013 Semi-Detached

2013 Apartment

2014 Detached

Before 2005 Gamtal is the only typology of buildings found in the precinct. There is no prominent residential development until 2013 The development in the area started in the latter part of 2010’s the new methodology of construction was used and hence there was a big swift in building typology when moving from Gamtal to the development of the precinct.

DETERMINING CHANGES IN THE TIMELINE 1999

TP Scheme sanctioned in Sola (North of Science City Road)

BRTS Started Functioning in the precinct

High Court of Gujarat inaugurated in Sola

2003

2005

Expansion of the Science City Road

2010

CIMS Hospital and HCG Cancer Centre Inaugrated

2012

TP Scheme sanctioned in Sola (South of Science City Road)

2012

Gujarat High Court Auditorium Inaugrated

2015

6 Lane Elevated Corridor for SG Highway Expansion under Construction

2018

Transportation The development of the arterial road SG highway and Science city road started after the inauguration of Gujarat High Court and Science City. The arterial roads started expanding as the years progressed as the traffic started increasing and now both the roads are 4 land roads with median.

Policy In 2003, the TP Scheme for the north of Science city road was sanctioned and by 2012, the south of science city road got sanctioned with the TP scheme.

Real Estate The real estate rates for Sola didnt go high till 2010. After the development started in 2010 the real estate prices went up high. To make the place Self sustained one the developers develop lot of amenities.

9

Demand and Urban Sprawl in Sola 10

UTILISATION OF LAND AND THE ROOM FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT

49% 26%

Residential Commercial Vacant

4% 3%

Institution Mixed Use

Current Land Use The Sola falls into the residential zone 2. 49% of the land is residential,26% Commercial and 18% Vacant land. The precinct is lacking planned open spaces. Commercial buildings are found in the portions of SG Highway and Science City road.

The TP Scheme implemented in 2003, for the region above the science city road. The TP sanction was weel before the development started in the precinct. Because of this plan Sola has proper road infrastructure and organised planning and open pockets to take up future developments.

11

UTILISATION OF LAND AND THE ROOM FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT Zoned ‘Residential’ in the DP

Built Vs Open

Plot Ownership

Legend

Legend

junction

road_coverage n

junction

W3 road_coverage node

Leg

<all other values

W3

<all other values> Plot_Owner

Plot_Owner Map showing zonal allocation according to the DP

0

50 100

200

300

400

Map showing Built vs Open in the precinct

500 Ground Coverage Meters

±

of the precinct is 16%. The The precinct falls into Residential zone 2 as per the The current 2021 Development plan. The north-west Zone dense building structure can be seen along the SG 200 300 400 500 is institutional zone where the High court of Gujarat Highway and Science city road.

Meters The gated communities have their own play area and hence the built-up area of the precinct reduces.

The Gamtal in the north-west periphery of the precinct is having a high built-up area accounting for 50% of the space consumed by buildings

0

50 100

±

200

Public 300

AMC 400

AMC 500 Meters

Private

Private

Plot_

±

Private

93% Private 7% Public 7%

93%

Higher the percentage of private ground creates Public high market value andPrivate good competition in market.

12

Jantri Rates 30000

30000 Average Jantri Rate ₹

25000 25000

CHANDKHEDA

20000 20000

NARODA

10000 10000

BHOPAL

5000 5000

400

500 Meters

junction W3 junction road_coverage node

±

road_coverage node 11000 Jantri_rat Jantri_rat 11750 11000 Jantri Rate ₹/ Sq.m Jantri_rat 11000 11000 11750 14000 11750

11000 11000 11750 14000 14000 11750 14000 15000

11750 11750 14000 15000

14000 15000 16000 16000 15000 16000 16500

15000 16500 16000 16500

16000 16500

16500

16500

>₹5000 ₹10000 / Sq.m

Nikol

Vatva

Bhopal

Naroda

Chankheda

Sola

Navrangpura

Kalupur

15000 16000 16500

Ahmedabad Locality

W3 junction road_coverage node

junction road_coverage node Jantri_rat junction road_coverage node road_coverage node Jantri_rat 11000 Jantri_rat

±± ±

14000

KALUPUR

>₹10000₹ 20000 / Sq.m

Nikol

300

Vatva

200

Bhopa l

50 100

Narod a

Legend Legend W3 Legend W3

11750

Chank heda

0

Legend Legend W3 Legend W3 junction

Sola

Navra ngpur a

road_coverage node 11000

>₹ 20000 / Sq.m

VATVA

W3

Jantri_rat

NAVRANGPURA

VASTRAPUR

Legend

0 junction

NIKOL

SOLA

15000 15000

Kalup ur

±± ±

JANTRI RATES AND ITS EFFECT OF URBAN SPRAWLS IN SOLA

15000 14000 15000 16000 16000 16500

On comparing the Jantri prices of regions across Ahmedabad, the prices of land is high in the centre of the city and the prices become less when moving towards the periphery. The reason being the central part of the city surrounding the Sabarmathi River has been a habitat for people for years and hence the prices are spiked up, when moving towards the outskirts of Ahmedabad, due to the recently developing places.

In the last few years the development has started happening in the west side of Ahmedabad and, thereby due to expansion in the city limits the Sola region which is present in the western periphery of Ahmedabad also started developing along the SG Highway and Science city Road.

Jantri Rates are higher in the eastern side of the precinct and is less in the western side of the precinct as the development is happening from the east to west.

13

JANTRI RATES AND ITS EFFECT OF URBAN SPRAWLS IN SOLA Agglomeration pattern

Jantri rate distribution

Population Density

SOLA GAMTAL

Lege Legend junction

City Roa d

50 100

200

300

400

SG

0

500 Meters

0 0

50 100

200

300 0

The 6 lane elevated corridor under construction in SG highway is 7 meter wide service road on both sides of the six lane NH. There would be 7 fly overs, one elevated corridor, 1 vehicular underpass,2 railway over bridge and 2 pedestrian underpasses on the road. The elevated corridor will boost the real estate price in Sola. There are a lot of vacant plots in the precinct and hence there is ample scope of real estate development 14

400

50 100

200

500 0 50 100 Meters 300

POPULATION DENSITY

0

50 100

200

300

400

500 Meters

128 PPH Net Density 219 PPH Gross Density

200 400

Legend road_coverage node

High way

City Roa d

nce

SG

nce

High way

Scie

Total_

W3

Scie

50 100 300

500 Meters

Legend Total_DU 11000 0 11750 W3

± ± ±

200 400

W3 Jantri_rat

0

1 - 50 14000 Total_DU

0

50 100 50 15000 0 - 100200

Legend W3 0

1-50

Total_DU

±

<all other values> road_coverage node Plots

0 1 - 50

0 1 - 50

50 - 100

±

50-100

50 - 100

100 - 200

200 - 350

100 - 200

200 - 350

junction

junction

road_coverage node

500 Meters 50 - 100

junction 200 - 350 200 400 100 -500 Meters node road_coverage junction 200 - 350

Plots junction

W3

Total_DU

100 - 200 100-200

300 1 - 50 400

200-350 200 350 16500 50 - -100

500 Meters

W3

Total_DU

100 - 200 16000 1 - 50

300

Legend

Legend

±

road_coverage Plots node

±

road_coverage Plots node <all other values>

<all other values>

other values> Plots densities is<allfound Higher near the north-west of the <all other values> precicnt where Gamtal is present.

Overall Population Density of the precinct is 128 PPH which is considered low population density and doesn’t falls in the range of 150-290 PPH as the optimum and recommended density for an urban area as per UN Habitat studies

Plots

ADEQUATE CITY LEVEL CONNECTIVITY WITH POOR PRECINCT LEVEL ACCESSIBILITY Hierarchy of Roads Street Density - 102 m/ha Node Density- 0.75 No/ha Link Node Ratio- 1.329 Connected Node Ratio- 0.77319

Chart Title Footpath in the precinct A

55% 45% 5%

More than 1.8m Less than 1.8m No Footpath

Less than 1.8m

Arterial Road

Collector Road

Sub Arterial Road

Local Road

than 1.8m No Footpath To move fromMore point A (Sola Gamtal) to point B (BRTS) has several routes which means it has good connectivity.

B Since there are a lack of collector roads and walkability is more, the accessibility of the precinct is bad.

The lack of footpaths in the precinct also makes the people prefer own vehicles.

Higher Link node ratio, higher is the connectivity. Link node ratio shows well connected paths or network throughout the precinct and has many links, intersections and few dead ends. As connected node ratio is high, the connectivity increases, travel distance decreases and route option increases, allowing more direct travel distance between destination

15

ADEQUATE CITY LEVEL CONNECTIVITY WITH POOR PRECINCT LEVEL ACCESSIBILITY Node Density

Exercise 3.3 Congestion level on the streets Exercise 3.3 Congestion level on the streets

Congestion Level during peak hours in Arterial roads

PUC Volume observed of Different ro

PUC Volume observed of Differen

Lane Capasity of the road is refered from I

Lane Capasity of the road is refered fro Sola is a mixture of residential and commercial area. The block distance mixture of residential are Sola moreisina the precinct and so theand commercial area. difficult.

The block walkability becomes fordistance the are more in the precinct so the localities. The preference ofand using walkability difficult. for the Motor vehiclebecomes even for a short localities.is The preference using destination increased.

This of heavy Motor vehicle evencongestion for a in short usage of vehicles causes is increased.

This heavy the destination streets especially the junctions. usage of vehicles causes congestion in the streets especially the junctions.

Shu

Construction in the Junction point

Legends Construction in the Junction point

Congestion Congestion LevelsLevel Legends Congestion Levels

Below 0.5 0.5- 0.7 0.7- 0.9 Above 0.9

Understanding the City Studio | Week 3 | Streets- Networks and Nodes Understanding the City Studio | Week 3 | Streets- Networks and Nodes

Traffic congestion in the precinct is happening because of the density of traffic.

The area lacks traffic signals to segregate the traffic. Presence of traffic signals might help in traffic congestion at the junctions.

The connectivity for the precinct is good, but the accessibility is bad because of the absence of secondary roads and connectivity amongst the nodal junctions.

But the lack of local roads reduces the walkability of the area.

16

SG

The park pea

The scen try hap

Con traffi raw

PG

oryADEQUATE CITY LEVEL CONNECTIVITY WITH POOR PRECINCT LEVEL ACCESSIBILITY Exercise 5.2 Spatial analysis of public realm Cross Section of Science city road

Sectional analysis Cross Section of Science City Road

mlaer cilbup fo

The Col precinct the sub could ea encroach This affe damagin Vehicles wrong si in the co

Cross Section of Collector Road 1 Metre The major area that contributes to the public realm is Sukhan mall Cross Road. The Junction is easily accessible and has a lot of interactions during the evening.

Cross Section of Collector Road

Outside the precinct people gather in the Sardar Patel Garden, a 2.4 acre park which is the main attraction of the people of Sola

5.5 MetreSECTION -A-A’ 6 Metre

6 Metre

Morning

Evening Male

Multi utility Appartment

Female

Majorly Male PopulatiWon uses this Public Space as a leisure gathering space, but female population use the ’A-Aspace for commercial purpose

Cross Section of Collector Road

Understanding the City Studio | Exercise 5| Urban Realm

1 Metre

User Group 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

The Scie dedicate parking a siconstruc sylan more co The widt free flow that flow without m

NOITCES Road side Stalls

si mlaer cil elbissecca PG-191012 | Faculty of Planning | CEPT University %001 17 .g

puorG resU

%09

EFFECT OF ROAD ON FSI FSI of Sola Total FSI of Sola is 0.45 Sola having predominantly residential typologies. The construction of the buildings are in such a way that there are dedicated offsets from the building and the compound wall, hence the full ground is not dedicated for the building construction and there are lot of vacant spaces.

LDING HEIGHTS AND FSI

Building Height

Legend W3

FSI 0.000000

Legend Legend W3 Legend Map showing FSI rates distribution across Sola W3 0 50 100 200 300 400 500 Legend FSI Meters W3 Legend FSI FSI FSI FSI

Vacant

W3 0.000000 0.000000 W3 0.000001 - 0.600000 0.000000 0.000001 - 0.600000 0.000000 0.600001 - 1.400000 0.000001 - 0.600000 0.000000 0.600001 0.000001 -- 1.400000 0.600000 1.400001 2.400000 0.600001 - 1.400000 0.000001 - 0.600000 1.400001 2.400000 0.600001 2.400001 1.400000 4.000000 1.400001 - 2.400000 0.600001 - 1.400000 2.400001 1.400001 - 4.000000 2.400000 junction 2.400001 - 4.000000 1.400001 - 2.400000 junction 2.400001 - 4.000000 road_coverage node junction 2.400001 - 4.000000 road_coverage node junction road_coverage node junction road_coverage node road_coverage node

±

1.4 - 2.4 2.4 - 4

2.400001 - 4.000000 junction road_coverage node

Low-Rise

92% buildings 6%

Medium-Rise Buildings

2%

High-Rise Buildings

Low-Rise Building Medium-Rise Building High-Rise Building

Chart Title

18

High-Rise Building G+10 FSI- 2.7

0- 0.6

0.6 -1.4

±±± ±

Low-Rise Building 0.000001 - 0.600000 0.600001 - 1.400000 GAMTAL 1.400001 FSI0.7- 2.400000

The Commercial buildings most of which high-rise buildings and medium-rise buildings are found are accumulated along the arterial road. Residential buildings are found along the collector roads the where the FSI is very low.

Medium-Rise Building G+6 FSI- 1.7

BUILT MATRIX City Center 1 Ground Coverage- 12% FSI- 1.67

Gamtal Ground Coverage- 42% FSI- 0.45

2 50 1.5 40 1

30 Detached House Ground Coverage- 29% FSI- 0.85

CIMS Hospital Ground Coverage-28% FSI-1.35

G

RO

UN

D

0.5

20 CO VE RA G

E(

I

%

FS

) 0

Gamtal Gamtal is a dense unit in the precinct with a ground coverage of 42%. The arragngement of the Gamtal is so close that it blocks the ventilation of the building. The FSI of the Gamel is 0.45

Detached House The Detached House are having offset distance from the building to the outside wall boundaries. There are more space dedicated for recreation and leisure activities. So, the ground Coverage of Detached House is less.

CIMS Hospital The low ground coverage of CIMS hospital helps in the accesibilty of the patients during emergency situations. The Due to the number of floors in the hospital the FSI value is high.

Science City 1 The commercial building (City Center 1) is constructed on a larger plot size and so the ground coverage of the buildingnis less. The 8 storey building is having a FSI of 1.67 19

IMPARTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND ITâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S EFFECT OF URBAN SPRAWL 6.1 Solid waste collection and transfer Solid Waste Collector

Location of Silver Bins and Nuisance points

Distance from transfer station:

Route 1 Start Time: 8am End Time: 10am

precinct

Collection of Solid waste to the Dump Yard to 1.4 kms

Distance from transfer station 15kms to Dump yard

SolaTransfer Station Precinct

Type of Truck: Mini Truck Waste Collection Route Details No of Stopping points: 6 Route Length: 1500 metres Collection Time: 2 Chotta Hours Hathi No of buildings covered: 95 Average stopping time: 5min

Pirana Dump Yard Route 2 Start Time: 3:30 pm End Time: 4:30 pm Type of Truck: Chotta Hathi

Chart Title Solid waste collection and transfer in a society

Silver Bins

precinct

to 1.9 kms

Distance from transfer station 15kms to Dump yard

Route 3 Start Time: 9:35am End Time: 9:45 am Type of Truck: Tractor

Distance from transfer station:

precinct

to 1.6 kms

Distance from transfer station 15kms to Dump yard

Waste Collection Route Details No of Stopping points: 2 Route Length: 500 metres Type of waste Collection: Primary Bins waste Collection Time: 10 minutes Average stopping time: 5min

AMC Bins

Nuisance Points The Science City road is the having Door to door collection commerical built-up and hence there are many bins along the road.

90% AMC Bin 6% Silver Bin Dumping the solid waste in stopping points

Understanding the City Studio | Week 6 | Water and Sanitation

Silver Bins

20

Waste Collection Route Details No of Stopping points: 4 Route Length: 1500 metres Collection Time: 1 Hours No of buildings covered: 81 Average stopping time: 15min

Distance from transfer station:

AMC Bins

Ahmedabad wanted to make the city a no bin city, so they reduced the count of silver bins in the precinct.

Collection of solid waste Solid waste Transferred to Solid waste Transferred to from stoppingwaste points collection is implemented the nearest Sola the Pirana Dump Yard Door-to-door to Transfer the residents, thereby reducing the nuisance Station Source: dnaindia.com points in the precinct.

PG191012| Faculty of Planning | CEPT University

IMPARTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND ITâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S EFFECT OF URBAN SPRAWL Water Supply across the precinct Building Type: Gamtal

Building Type: Apartment

Primary Source of Water: AMC Pipeline ( (Narmadha) Quality of water: Good Quantity of water: Sufficient The waste segregation initiative by Secondary water Source: Borewell government is separation of wet waste Quality of water: Good

Primary Source of Water: AMC Pipeline ( (Narmadha) Quality of water: Good Quantity of water: Sufficient Secondary water Source: Borewell Quality of water: Good

the and dry waste among residents and commercial places. These helps in effective recycling and segregation of the waste.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Building Type: Mixed Use Primary Source of Water: AMC Pipeline ( Waste (Narmadha) Collectio Quality of water: Good n Quantity of water: Sufficient 0%water20% Secondary Source: 40% Borewell60% Quality of water: Good Dry Waste Wet Waste

80%

75% of the total waste generated is wet waste and 25% of the reminder waste generated is Dry Waste.

About 80% of the waste generated in Gamtals are Wet Waste which includes Food and Kitchen waste and the reminder 20% of the waste is dry waste which consist of paper and plastics

The waste segregation initiative by the government is not getting full support from the residents. Few people follow the segregation pattern in the society. Sola refuse and transfer 100% station segregates the waste into 3 parts- dry, wet and mixed waste

Building Type: Row Houses Primary Source of Water: AMC Pipeline ( (Narmadha) Quality of water: Good Quantity of water: Sufficient Secondary water Source: Borewell Quality of water: Good

2. Dependency on Water Source

Dependency of Water in Sola Dependency of Societies Summer Summer

Summer

Monsoon Monsoon

Monsoon

Winter Winter

Winter

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% in the

e and re the

mal in

Dependency of Gamtal

0%

20%

Bore Bore Well Well

40% 60% 80% 100% AMC Pipeline AMC Pipeline

The Amount of water pumped by AMC pipes during the day is more efficient and is of adequate quality and quantity.

The water pumped is stored in tanks in the society and

24 Hours uninterrupted water Supply in the precinct 0%Adequate 20% water 40% for 60%drinking 80% purpose 100% Bore Well AMC Pipeline

AMC Pipelines is the primary source of water for the gamtal. Some Houses in the gamtal lacks storage tanks and henceforth they also have to depend on bore wells for secondary source.

The primary source of water is AMC Pipeline. AMC pipeline gets water source from Narmadha River. Borewell is also used as the secondary source of water. Some Houses in the Gamtal lacks storage tanks and henceforth they also have to depend on bore wells for secondary source. The dependency of water over the three seasons varies throughout the year.

21

IMPARTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND ITâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S EFFECT OF URBAN SPRAWL Topography and Storm Water Drains

Catch pit

Stormwater drainage pipe

Catch Pit

90% of the roads are covered under storm water network. Water logging is a major problem face in the Gamtal area of my precinct. Unproportionate slope and clogged storm water inlets are the prime cause of water logging in the Gamtal. The well planned and proportionate slops in the remaining roads helps in draining of the precinct

Section of a catchment pit Below 45 45-50 51-60 61-70

22

Inspection chamber

Inspection chamber

Section of a Sewer Pipe

High Catch pit Low Water logging during rainy season

Filter Bed Honeycombed Brickwork

Ductile iron pipe Inlet pipe

concrete encasement

People and their choices in Sola 23

VARIOUS INCOME GROUPS AND HOUSING CHOICES IN SOLA Household Income of Sola 35 35

Average Income of Sola

₹ 63040

30 30

Survey number

25 25

Median Income of Sola

20 20

₹ 80000

15 15 10 10

Average income of Ahmedabad

55 0

₹0 0

₹50,000 50,000

₹1,00,000 1,00,000

₹1,50,000 1,50,000 ₹2,00,000 2,00,000 ₹2,50,000 2,50,000

₹3,00,000 3,00,000 ₹3,50,000 3,50,000 ₹4,00,000 4,00,000 ₹4,50,000 4,50,000

The minimum household income for the precinct ranges from ₹ 15000 to ₹ 400000. The major income group is in the range between ₹ 50000 to ₹100000.

80% people residing in the precinct are of upper middle class.

The occupation of the High-income group is Business.

₹ 30551

(Ahmedabad City Census, 2011)

Household Income (₹)

24

Detached House

Current price of the house (Don’t write EMI/rent)

29500000-30000000 2,95,00,000-3,00,00,000

2,50,00,000-2,54,99,999 25000000-25499999

10000000-10499999 1,00,00,000-1,04,99,999

Household Income (₹)

9000000-9499999 90,00,000-94,99,999

7500000-7999999 75,00,000-79,99,999

RowApartment House 7000000-7499999 70,00,000-74,99,999

LIG sector the ratio is 9.21 (Unaffordable) MIG sector the ratio is 6.16 (moderately affordable) HIG sector the ratio is 3.26 (completely affordable)

Semi-Detached

60,00,000-64,99,999 6000000-6499999

When the same value is observed the affordability increases as the income increases the same value is observed the affordability increases as the income increases

Housing/Settlement Typo Gamtal

5500000-5999999 55,00,000-59,99,999

From the above value it is inferred that, the houses are more affordable for the people who live in Sola

Row House

50,00,000-54,99,999 5000000-5499999

8.6 (MoHUPA,2008)

Semi Detached

20,00,000-24,99,999 2000000-2499999

7.29

Price Income Ratio of Ahmedabad

700000 7,00,000 600000 6,00,000 500000 5,00,000 400000 4,00,000 300000 3,00,000 200000 2,00,000 100000 1,00,000 0 0

15,00,000-19,99,999 1500000-1999999

Price Income Ratio of Sola

Sum of Total HH monthly income (Rs) Current Market Value (₹)

Price Income Ratio of Sola

Gamtal Detached Bungalows Apartment

VARIOUS INCOME GROUPS AND HOUSING CHOICES IN SOLA Count of Ownership of House

Count of No. of family members

56% 4 Members family Ownership of House 27% 3 Members family

Building Typology

Rental

Owned

Rental

Semi Detached

Semi-Detached

Row House

Gamtal

Row House

Detached House

Gamtal

Apartment

Detached Bungalows

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

Apartment

No of Household

16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

Household Size

Household Typology Vs Ownership

Owned

10% 5 Members family 7%

6 Members family

Average Size of Sola No.Household of family members 3 4

3.96

Average Household Size of 5 Ahmedabad 6

4.72

Household Typology Vs Carper Area Vs HH Members 250 250 Housing/Settlement Typology

55

Carpet Area

200 200

44

150 150

33 100 100

22

5050

00

11 Apartment Apartment

Detached Detached Bungalows House

Gamtal Gamtal

RowRow House

Semi Semi-Detached

House

Detached

00

No of Family Members

66

13% of the total houses surveyed are rented in the precinct. The people residing in Apartments are the only people who are renting their house.

The people residing in other typologies don’t prefer renting their houses

₹ 9000 AVERAGE RENT FOR AHMEDABAD ₹ 9383 (DTMA,2015) AVERAGE RENT FOR SOLA

From the average HH size it is inferred that Sola is more of nuclear family, which is also an indication of low-density area. From Household size to HH income, it is observed that 83% of the HH area having 4 or less Family Members. 4 or more members are area seen distributed among the Detached Bungalows.

Average of Carpet area of the house (sqm.)

Average of No. of family members Building Typology

Average of Carpet area of house (sq.m)

Average No of family members 25

JOB GENERATION IN SOLA Job Center Map Count of Nature of work Job Distribution

Self Em

7.2 6.8

Female Female

Gender

Gender Gender

Female Apartments

Hospital

Detached

Office

Row House

Hotel

Religious

Semi-Detached

Retail

Court

Public Utility

Schools

Gamtal

26

Male Male

Male

100% 100% Female Female 90% 80%Male Male 80% 70% 60% 60% 50% 40% 40% 30% 20% 20% 10% 0% 0%

Wholesale Wholesale Shop Shop

Services

Services

Retail Shop Retail Shop

Restaurants and

Restaurants Food joints

services

Profesional Professional Services

Nature of

Self Emp

Regular

Contrac

Average salary/wages Per month

Monthly Income (â&#x201A;š)

Self Employed

Regular

Contract

Casual

480000-509999 4,80,000-5,09,999

6.8 6.8

7.6

Casual

Based on Monthly Income

180000-209999 1,80,000-2,09,999

7

Count of Nature of work Job Distribution

150000-179999 1,50,000-1,79,999

7.2 7.2

Casual

90000-119999 90,000-1,49,999

7.4 7.4

Contract

60000-89999 60,000-89,999

7.6 7.6

7

8

8

7.8 7.8

Regular

30000-59999 30,000-59,999

8

Working Hours

8.2 8.2

Contra

Job Center

Self Employed

0-29999 0- 29,999

8.4 8.4

Typology

Residential Resident

Regula

Average Average of Total of Total no of no working of working hourshours per day per day

Average Working Hours per Day Total Distribution byTotal Gender 8.4

Based on Nature of Jobs

Nature o

Institutions Institutions

100% 100% 90% 80% 80% 70% 60% 60% 50% 40% 40% 30% 20% 20% 10% 0% 0%

Hotels Hotels

85% of the total work is Regular work.

The Residents only have Casual Workers.

Self-Employment get the Highest Paid in the precinct. The Monthly wages varies based on the Scale of the industry. The Average working hours of Male is 1.2 Hours more compared to female. SelfEmployment get the Highest Paid in the precinct. The Monthly wages varies based on the Scale of the industry

Casual

JOB GENERATION IN SOLA Job Density Job Distribution Based on Job Category

Count of Category of staff members / Worker

AVERAGE JOB DENSITY

100% 100%

7.5 /100 sqm

90% 80% 80% 70% 60% 60% 50% 40% 40% 30% 20% 20% 10% 0% 0%

Nature of work

Self Employed Self Regular

Contract Casual

Legend

Legend

W3

W3

0 Meters

junction

W3

junction

junction

road_coverage node Buildings

road_coverage node

Job_Density_per100sqm road_coverage node Job_Density_per100sqm 0 Buildings

50 road_coverage 100 Buildings 200 node300

400 500 0 Job_Density_per100sqm Meters

0 Buildings Job_Density_per100sqm

400

W3

W3

0- 10

0- 10

10 - 20

0- 10

10 - 20

20- 30

1010 -20 20

2030 20- 30

30-40 30- 40

10 - 20

20- 30

30- 40

10 - 20

20- 30

30- 40

20- 30

30- 40

Job Density (per 100 0 Sqm) Job_Density_per100sqm 0 10 0 0- -10 500 0 Meters 0- 10

± ± ± Plots

Plots

Contract

Legend and Skilled category has 100% Regualr Category. Due to Street The Managerial Vendors the Owners are classified in 3 Categories W3 The Maximum density of Buildings are found along the Science City Road and junction SG Highway. CIMS Hospital, HCG Hospital are having High Job Densities in the road_coverage precinct. Even though innode some places the people working is more the larger carpetBuildings area of the building makes the density less

Legend

road_coverage node Buildings

junction

junction 0

Legend

Regular

Casual

Managerial Owner Supervisors/ Unskilled Unskilled Managerial Owner Supervisors/ Skilled Skilled Job/ Worker Category Category of staff members

Legend

Employed

±

Job_Density_per100sqm Land Use Area (ha)

Jobs

Job Density (per ha)

12.5

8972

1251

Commercial

4.5

315

43

30- 40 Institutional

1.5

3210

872

Others

0.148

9

521

Total

18.6

13687

2687

0

Residential 0- 10 10 - 20 20- 30

Plots

<all other values>

Plots <all other values>

<all other values>

27

VEHICULAR PREFERENCES OF PEOPLE IN SOLA Block size by Area Exercise 3.1 Street andExercise Road Densities 3.1 Street and Road Densities Coverage Polygon

Above Area (Sq 240000 meter) Above 2,40,000

Block size 3.1

by Perimeter Exercise Street and Road Densities

Coverage Polygon

Coverage Po

Area (Sq meter)

Area (Sq me

Count : 24

Count : 24 Minimum : 2 Maximum : 1 Sum : 114307 Mean: 47628 Standard De Nulls : 0

1,10,000-

110000-240000 2,40,000

68,000-

68000-110000 1,10,000

Count : 24 24,00024000-68000 Minimum : 2905.166201 Residential 68,000 Maximum : 110299.230485 Sum : 1143079.86806 Mean: 47628.327836 Less than 24000 Less than Chart Title Standard Deviation: 31921.363056 Nulls 24,000 :0

Commercial Minimum Mixed : 2905.166201 Vacant Institutional

: 1143079.86806 ExerciseSum 3.1 Street and Road Densities Mean: 47628.327836

0

1 1

2

Coverage Polygon

Maximum : 110299.230485

Standard Deviation: 31921.363056 Nulls : 0

33 55 7 4 6 7 No of Blocks Coverage Polygon

Perimeter (meter)

8

99

Coverage Polygon

10

Area (Sq meter)

Coverage Po

Perimeter (meter)

Above Above 1400 1,400

Perimeter (m

1,1001,400

1100- 1400

850-

850-1100

1,100 Count : 24 Minimum : 247.50704 Maximum : 1370.821994 500Sum : 21602.248359 500-850 Mean: 900.093682 Silver Bins 850 Standard Deviation: 325.053537 Nulls : 0

sities

AMC Bins

Less than 500 Less than

Coverage Polygon

Area sq.m

Area (Sq meter)

Less than 25000 25000- 68000 68000- 110000 110000- 240000 Above 240000

It can be seen that the precinct is 500 diIt can beIt can observed be seenfrom that the precinct map is divided into larger blocks. Many areas 0that the vided majority larger the perimeter 2 into of 4 blocks.

6Many areas8 are open spaces and there is few sub falls under are1100-1400 open spaces meters, and there whichis few sub arterial roads. Some inner private means the arterial precinct roads. has less Some scope inner of private roads are not accessible to public saving the roads costareand nottime accessible of localto public and hence localities must be taking people. and There hence are localities more than must onebe taking a longer route to reach a destinaroute toareach longerthe route centre to reach junction a destination. Hence the line of connectivity but the energy tion. Hence and time the investment line of connectivity in the precinct is not good for alternate in the route precinct is notisfrugal. not good

2

Count : 24 Minimum : 2905.166201 Maximum : 110299.230485 Sum : 1143079.86806 Mean: 47628.327836 Standard Deviation: 31921.363056 Nulls : 0

Count : 24 Minimum : 247.50704 Maximum : 1370.821994 Sum : 21602.248359 Mean: 900.093682 Standard Deviation: 325.053537 Nulls : 0

4

No of Blocks

6

8

It can be observed from the map that the of the perimeter 10 majority 12 falls under 1100-1400 meters, which means the precinct has less scope of saving the cost and time of local people. There are more than one route to reach the centre junction but the energy and time investment for alternate route is not frugal.

10

Count : 24 Minimum : 2 Maximum : 1 Sum : 21602.

Mean: 900.0 Standard De Nulls : 0

It can be seen that the precinct is di

Coverage Polygon vided into larger blocks. Many area

Perimeter (m)

are open spaces and there is few sub

Perimeter (meter) arterial roads. Some inner privat

roads are not accessible to publi Less than 500 and hence localities must be taking 500-850 a longer route to reach a destina tion. Hence the line of connectivit 850- in1100 the precinct is not good 1100- 1400 Above 1400

The walkability is measured by considering the ideal walking distance and speed of human. Other factors that affect walkability are absence of footpath, street activities , lighting and also encroachments along the road. In addition to the above factors the block area and the perimeter also affects the connectivity and accessibility of the precinct. 40% block perimeter of the precinct is between 850- 1100m and 36% Faculty of Planning University of Planning | CEPT University Understanding the City Studio | Week 3 | Street and Understanding Road Densities the City Studio | Week 3 | Street and Road Densities Understanding the City| CEPT | Week 3 |PG191012| andFaculty Road Densities : 24 of the block perimeter lies between 500-85 m. So people have to walkPG191012| a long distance to Studio reach the StreetCount Count : 24 Minimum : 247.50704 Minimum : 2905.166201 desired location. Even though the connectivity of the precinct is good the accessibility is bad.

Mean area is 47628 sq.m Mean perimeter Maximum : 1370.821994 is 900m Maximum : 110299.230485 Sum : 1143079.86806 Mean: 47628.327836 Standard Deviation: 31921.363056 Nulls : 0

28

Coverage Polygon

Sum : 21602.248359 Mean: 900.093682 Standard Deviation: 325.053537 Nulls : 0

It can be seen that the precinct is divided into larger blocks. Many areas

It can be observed from th that the majority of the per

VEHICULAR PREFERENCES OF PEOPLE IN SOLA Vehicle Ownership vs Household Income 14

14

12

No of Vehicles

12

1010

2 wheelers

3 wheelers

4 wheelers

Cycle

193/ 1000 pop

25/ 1000 pop

495/ 1000 pop

58/ 1000 pop

88

The residents prefer Private Automobile because of the first and last mile connectivity.

The average distance from their home to the bus stop is 0.8 - 1 km. The frequency of the Public bus varies from 15 min to 40min during peak hours, so the local residents prefer the usage of private automobile.

Connectivity of the roads are good in the precinct. Accessibility of the precinct is bad with poor connection of secondary roads. Encouraging the people to use more vehicles.

The travel pattern seen in the spider diagram shows that the 94% of the total travel for work and Education is in the west part of Ahmedabad.

66 44 22 00

0

50000

100000 1,00,000

150000

200000 2,00,000

300000 3,00,000

250000

Wheeler (Car/Jeep/Taxi) Household Income (â&#x201A;š)3 Wheeler

Wheeler (Scooter/Motor Cycle/Moped)

Average of KM 12

2- Wheeler 4- Wheeler

400000 4,00,000

350000

450000

Cycle

3- Wheeler Cycle

Trip Purpose- Work

Trip Purpose- Education

Trip Purpose

10 12

8 10

Gender

No of trips

6 8 4 2

Female

6

Legend

Male

4

W3

2

AMC_limits

0 0

Travel

spider_web

College College

School School

Work Work

Trip Purpose Male

Average Distance Travelled Average Distance to Work

Female

5.11 kms/ trip 7.02 kms/ trip

Trip Purpose- Work/ Education 0

2

4

8

12

Average Distance to College Average Distance to School

16

20 Kms

Âą

7 kms/ trip 2.37 kms/ trip

Work roads_main

47%

of trips are Educational Trips

29

VEHICULAR PREFERENCES OF PEOPLE IN SOLA Walkability from Landmark to Bus Stop

Walkability from Landmark to Bus Stop Shukan Mall Cross Road

Shukan Mall Cross Road

Shukan Mall Cross Road

Lila Wan Party Plot

Sola Gam

Sola Police chowki

Distance- 1km

Distance- 180 kms

Travel Time- 12 min

Travel Time- 2 min

Distance- 800 m Travel Time- 11 min

Route 501 Frequency 15 min

Route 9, Frequency 15 min

Route 2, Frequency 20 min

Route 66/3, Frequency 20 min

Route 12, Frequency 15 min Route 160, Frequency 19 min

Transfer Station

Route 65 Frequency 40 min Route 105, Frequency 20 min

30

Shukan Mall Cross Road, Sola

Extent of Public Realm and Developments in Sola 31

PUBLIC REALM AND ITâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S ROOM FOR DEVELOPMENT Temple Junction

The public space is active based on time i.e. only in specific time.

The temples are accessed only in pooja time and the junction is active at evening time.

This particular public space is part of their daily life

70% Private Space 27% Streets 3% Public Space

Public Space

32

Private Space

Shrimat Karunasagar Bhagvan Temple Lord Rama temple, in the north west periphery of the precinct is a pilgrimage location. The temple opens at early hours of the day and is open till 9pm.

Shukan Mall Cross Road Located in the Science city road, Shukan Mall cross Road is one of the main junctions that is conecting all the land marks inside and outside the precinct.

EXTENT OF THE PUBLIC REALM ACCESSIBILITY

VENDORS

MOVEMENT

PARKING

A

A

Access to Buildings Partially opaque

Porous Opaque

Shukan mall are found on the road side, This junction is not porous but still people gather in the mall for stalls. Tea accessible for every body. This is a major stall on the opposite of the Shukan mall advantage of street or road being a public also adds on to the Public Realm realm

Vehicular Circulation Pedestrian Movement Access Points

The vehicles mainly two wheelers are parked at the fringes, causing a physical hindrance

User Group INTRACTIONS IN THE PUBLIC SPACE

TREES AND PEOPLE

The major area that contributes to the public realm is Sukhan mall Cross Road.

The Junction is easily accessible and has a lot of interactions during the evening.

Outside the precinct people gather in the Sardar Patel Garden, a 2.4 acre park which is the main attraction of the people of Sola

100% 100% 90% 80% 80% 70% 60% 60% 50% 40% 40% 30% 20% 20% 10% 0%0%

Morning Male

People are found clubbing under trees for shades. People are also seen near tea stalls

There are lot of shops in the Shukan Mall Junction. This makes it a place of attraction to the people in Sola. The presence of food vendors also helps in improving the attraction of the people.

Evening Evening

Morning

Male

Female

Female

Majorly Male Population uses this Public Space as a leisure gathering space, but female population use the space for commercial purpose

33

DEVELOPMENT IN SOLA DEVELOPMENT OF SOLA

Agglomeration of Commercial buildings in Science city road

Urbanization happens when all the amenities comes under one roof. There are multiple buildings where exclusive office and showrooms are constructed under one roof 34

Hospitals are the basic need for people. Sola has reputed multispecialty hospitals and cancer center in the area.

DEVELOPMENT IN SOLA DEVELOPMENT OF SOLA

New Bridge Construction in Sola

New Apartment construction in Sola

High-rise Buildings and vacant Plot 35

36

C O N C L U S I O N

Sola precinct is transforming into a modern and contemporary built form. From row houses and semi detached houses which were present earlier, the precinct is now seeing more of highrise apartments. In the last decade the vacant lands have developed majorly into highrise apartments. The older 2 storied row houses are now being redeveloped into the newer residential form. As a result, people from the nearby areas are making a choice to settle in the Sola neighbourhood. This is bringing a change in the socio-economic fabric of the precinct, as the more middle income groups are settling down here as compared to lower and lower middle income groups. This in-turn is bringing the change in the in the related fields such as commerce. The precinct presently consists of small commercial units along the Science City road. As of now we can see few malls and other concentrated commercial activities springing up which cater to the upcoming middle income group. We can thus infer that the social economic fabric of the precinct is changing, although still it remains affordable. Mentioned below are a few key figures which explain the Sola precinct is brief.

Land Under Residential Use

Average FSI Consumed

Vacant Land in the Precinct

49%

0.45

18%

â&#x201A;š 160/Sqm

Ground Coverage

People per Hector

Average Income

Private Land Space

16%

128

â&#x201A;š 63040

70%

Average Trip Lenght

Average Household Size

5.11 Kms/Trip

3.96

Average Jantri Rate

37

PG 191012| MUP| Foundation Studio G Sujit Vishal