Paul Revere & His Engraving (William Loring Andrews, 1901)

I he BO STO N MAS SÄC RE, perpetrated on Marc h the 5th, 1770^

T T 7 H IL E B r it o n s vie w this feeae w ith confcious dread,

W

An d pay the laf t fad trib ute to t he dead ;

W h a t th ou gh the (bafts of juf tic e fa int ly gle am ,

An d erm'rn’d mifc rcan ts ridicu le t he feene ; N e ’er let one b rea ft the gene rous frgh difc laim , O r ceafe to bow at F r ê £DOM*$ hal low ’d fane ; Still wit h th e tho ug ht let Fa me ’s loud Cla rion fweUy And Fate to Jift an t tiar e the M U R D E R te«L

T hi sdi gi t a l v er s i onof t hec a t a l ogofP aul Re v e r e&Hi sE ngr av i ng byWi l l i a mL or i ng Andr ewswa spr epa r ed byi Book Bi ndi ngi n2018 Ver s i on1.

0 T hebookwa spubl i s hedbyCha r l esS c r i bner ' sS ons , NewY or k( 1901) .E di t i on of135c opi esonVa nGel derpa pera nd35one x t r aqua l i t yi mper i a l J a pa n pa per .

Oc t a v o, 170pp.

Pa ul Rev er eha sl ea r nedhi sma i nt r a def r om hi sf a t her .

Hewa sagol ds mi t ha nd as i l v er s mi t h.

Hi ss i l v ers hopwa st hec ent erofhi spr of es s i ona l l i f ef orma ny dec a des .

Howev er , t ha twa s n' thi sonl yv oc a t i on.

Dur i ngt heec onomi c depr es s i onbef or et heRev ol ut i on, Rev er ebega nhi swor ka sac opperpl a t e engr a v er .

Heha dpr oduc edmul t i pl ei l l us t r a t i onsf orbook s , ma ga z i nes , bus i nes sc a r ds , pol i t i c a l c a r t oons , book pl a t es , as ongbooka ndev enbi l l sof f a r ef ort a v er ns .

S i gnedbyt hea ut hor .

Att heendoft hi sPDFy ouwi l lnds omea ddi t i ona l phot osoft hebook .

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O f thi s book ther e ha ve been p ri nt ed one hu nd re d an d th ir ty -fi ve copies on Va n Geld er pa pe r an d th irt y- fiv e copies on e xt ra qua lity Im pe ria l fia pa n pa pe r ?nade by the Im pe ria l Go ver nm ent M il l Th e ri gh t is res erv ed to p ri n t a fe w ext ra copies o f the illu str ati ons in this book, none o f w hi ch , how ­ eve r, w il l be o jfered f o r sale

Œtje M anuscr ipt of tlji s llßooft toas complete!) in Su gtt st, nineteen tjunDreî) anû one. CECtje pri nti ng toas ftniöljeö in >obentber, nine# teen Ijunûreû anti one.

PAUL REVERE AND HIS ENGRAVING

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UnhappyBoston' fee thy So ns de plo re.

If fcald irç dro ps fro m Ra ge fromAnguhlWfrung Th yhallrrard Walks b ef m ea rd with guütlefóGare. If fpee ch lef s 3 orrotKS lab ri n g lor a.To ng ue ,Whe nJuS Ticx RripS theM urd 'rer of hi sS ou l While f ait hle fßB —n. a n d hi ä fa va geBan ds, O ri f aw ie pi ng W or ld c a n ou gh t opp eaf e Sho uld ve na l C— ts the fran da l o f tb eL an d, ■Wi lhmu rd'rou sRon coarf lretch their bloodyHands; Th e pl ai nt iv e Ghoftfl o fV ic li m sf u d ia sd ie fe ; Sn at ch the r ei en tlefAîHain from h e r H a n d .

Like fier ceB arh aria ns grimmig; o'er the irP re y ThePatriots copiouslèa rs fo r each are fil ed , K ee n Ex ecr atio ns on. th is P la te inl cr ib 'd A pp ro ve th e Carnage .and. en j ay th e D vy .

A glo rious Tribute which em ba lm s th e De ad . Sha ll rea ch a Jud ge who n ev er can be hribd.

£77ie w tA xi /i /'i y Ju ft :r < "r d ? Sas& Gim y S.y>A M av er ic k . Tam f Cal dw el l Crisp us A r r u c m to- Pat?Cabp j7( i£f ed S> &x . T v & t^ su & c f. tn /i ? o ft /i & t/ t. ( C ur is t ? M o n k v J oh n C l a r k ) L -------

a

T L D r r c n jJ t

COPYR IGHT,

I9 O I

BY WIL LIAM LORING ANDREWS

fa ul Revere & Son, A i tlc'tr B E L L and C A N N O N F oü nd kb l T, at the Nort h Pa rt of BOS TON ,

PR EF A C E __ O winn ow the whea t from the

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chaff and establish the absolute tru th, in all its details, of any historical state men t is w ell nigh an im­ possible task. It is hardly too much to say tha t no event in history has ever been reported quite correct ly, even at the time of its occurren ce, and as years and cen­ turies pass by, errors accumu late around and cling to the story as do barnacles to the botto m of a ship.

No sooner had I yielded— upon what I considered good auth ority — to the beli ef that the State Tre asu rer’s note herein reV

PA UL

REV ERE

produced was engraved by Revere, than I was confronted with one almost exactly the same in appearance signed by J .

M. Furnass, who is said to have been a nephew of Natha niel Hurd . Th e only variation in it from the one not signed, and ascribed to Revere, is a slight difference in the ornamenta l work in the left-han d border. I am now, however, in possession of other of these notes, in wh ich, while the printed matte r remains the same, the en­ graved borders and head-lines differ w ide­ ly ; furthe rmore , I have been shown an impression of the unsigned note in whic h the engraving was almost entirely worn away. I have consequently come to the conclusion th at the borders and h ead-band of the plate were necessarily re-engraved a number of times, as the copper would show signs of wear more quickly than the type metal. If Furna ss engraved the unsigned and presumably the original plate, why should he not have signed it as he did th e others ? There fore, albeit posivi

AN D

HIS

EN G RA VI NG

five pro of is lacking tha t Revere engraved the unsigned note, the circum stanti al evi­ dence in the case is in his favor, and I am disposed to accord him the benefit of the doubt.

By one of those freaks of fortun e of whic h the collec tor is occasionally the sport, the follow ing amusin g letter, relat­ ive to the subject of whi ch these pages treat, fluttered into my hands imm ediat e­ ly after t he book had g one to press, as did also the copy of the Columbian Centmel conta ining P aul R evere & Son’s Bell and Cannon Foun dry advertisem ent, with a reduced reprod uction of whi ch this preface concludes. w. l. a .

Camb ridge 2 3 d Ju ly 18 32 .

D ea r S ir : I w ri te this to enquir e wh et he r you , or M r , * * * or both, ha ve p u t upon pa pe r the pa rti cu lar s as f d r as you kno w, or can kno w o f P au l Re ve re ; an d i f so, to send them to me by wa y o f fo un da tio n stones, joice, boards, shingles an d pa in t f o r the snu g str uc tur e conte mplat ed, I wi sh to ha ve di st in ct ly w ri tt en the ori gin al n ame o f P , R . as his fa th e r wro te it ; f o r m any o f the old Hug ono ts, vii

PA U L RE V ER E or the ir silly descendan ts, v ar ie d the spelling so as in some cases to rend er it dou btf ul wh eth er they we re o f the same stock; in N ew po rt , Bodoine wa s alte red to Bo w do wn , an d Arnie to A lm y— as J a c k A nv il, a jour ney ma n black­ sm ith , wh en he became rich , wa s fo h n A n vil lé, Esq ’.

So Snel ling may ha ve been origin ally Sm ell ing . I wis h to ha ve par tic ula rs o f P . Re ve re as an ingenious an d la­ borious mechanic or ar ti sa n.

I kno w al l th at is nee dfu l to be kno wn o f him as an act ive p ar ti sa n in u the good old cause.” I w a n t fa c ts o f his ind ust ry— inge nuit y. W as he, or wa s he not a Ma son ic officer o f ran k ?— as G ra nd maste r ?

B u t this is o f less i mport ance th an his exper i­ ments an d labors i n ca nn on fo un di ng an d above all in Bell fou nd ing . H a ve you any treatis es on eith er o f these ar ts ? I w an t these thin gs sent to me, or ra th er broug ht to me by one or both o f you. In a wo rd — brin g y our str aw , an d you sha ll ha ve brick , an d don’t p u t it o ff be­ yon d Thu rsd ay.

Tours w it h impa tienc e,

A t t lt ir B E L L m J C A N N O N F o o rt n ta V , e» /ie N i r t l P .r i BOSTON, f ^ A S T B E L L S , of all fizés ; e very kind V -^ o f B r» f, O R D N A N C E , and »v er y ki nd o f & . r l , f . r S H IP S, &C. « Jbt'tlJI I M an uf a-R iir c C O P P E R in to S u t t T l . B ó t t i .

5 r iK t i . N A t u , R r r t T i , D o v a r ii L i, & e, fro m M A It A I, C rf ft r. ' T h e y alw ays Vee p, by th em , ev er y ki nd 'o f f v E U f t. ' T h e y h a v e 'n ow on ha nd , a 'n um be r o f C hu rc h 'and Shi p Bell a, o f d if ­ fer en t Gees ;‘k large qu an tit y of Shea thin g Co ppe r, /t o n i 16 up to '3 0 oun<e ! Bo ita ,Sp ike» , Naila," Jre o f all G tea , w hi ch .th ey wa rra nt equ al to En gli öi ' m an uf aû ur e, C af h and th e high eQ pr ice giv en fo r old C o p Jta ran d B ra fv m ir r h 10

L IS T O F IL L U S T R A T IO N S ---

PAG E

i T h e B oston M assa cre , pe r­ pe tra te d on M ar ch th e 5 th, 1 7 7 0 ..................................... Fac ing title Prin ted in colors .

Pho tog rav ure , aft er the origina l engra ving

by Paul Rev ere. Size of th e original en­ grav ing, incl udin g the insc ript ion, 9^-x8|inche s. ii

T it l e -P ag e Desi gned and engra ved on copp er by E. Dav is Fr en ch in the style class ed by book­ plate colle ctors as J acobean .

hi

Po rtra it o f P aul R eve re — Af ter th e pa in tin g by G ilb er t S t u a r t ....................................4 Copied by permi ssion , afte r the copp er­ plate by S. A. Schoff, publish ed in the Ma ssac hus etts Cha ritab le Me cha nic As­ sociatio n Proc eedin gs of 1854 . ix

vii

L IS T

OF

IL L U S T R A T IO N S PAGE

IV

Silver Te ap ot , ma nu fac tur ed by R e v e r e ................................... 11 One half the size of the original.

V B u r ie d t is m

w it h

H im

by

Bap­

................................................ 1 5

Engraved by Revere.

Size of the original 6 ^ x 4 ^ inches, in­ cluding title.

vi Massachu setts State 'Treasurer s N o t e ......................................... 18 Border and headline said to have been engraved by Revere.

Size of the original io ^X 4j inches.

vu Co nti ne nta l Pa pe r M on ey

.

.2 1

Printed by Hall and Sellers.

Same size as the original.

v in The Ab le Docto r; or, Am eric a Swall owing the B itte r Dr aught 3 3 Engraved by Revere for the Royal Amer­ ican Magazine.

Size of the original 5^x4 inches.

ix A V ie w

of t h e

T o w n o f B os­

t o n W IT H SE V ER A L S H IP S OF

W a r in t h e H a r b o u r . . 43 Engraved by Revere for the Royal A mer­ ican Magazine, 1774.

Size of the original io ^x 6| inches.

X

L IS T

OF

IL L U S T R A T IO N S PAGE

X Titl e-P age to “ T he New En g­ land Psalm Singer or Am eri­ can Chori ster ” . . . .

61 Engraved by Revere.

Size of the original 6 ^ x 5 1 inches.

M it re d M in ue t . . . .

xi

72

Engraved for the Royal American Maga­ zine by Revere.

Size of the original 6J x3-|- inches.

X II

A

Confer ence held between some In di an Ch iefs an d Colonel Bouq uet, in the T ea r 1 7 6 4 75

Engraved by Revere for the Royal Amer­ ican Magazine.

Slightly reduced from the original.

X III

Book -Plat e of D avid G reene 79

Engraved by Revere.

Same size as the original.

XI V

of (Saâtie cWiLLiam by ShoAton in ISe w Sny lan d 93

From an old copper-plate engraving.

Size of the original I 2 |x i2 inches.

XV

Copy of the Pen and Ink Plan, Made by Paul Revere, of the Scene of the Massacre of Ma rch 5th, 1770 . . . . 99

Engraved on copper by Sidney L. Smith.

Size of the original I2 |x 8 inches. xi

L IS T

OF

IL L U S T R A T IO N S PA GE

XVI Tit le- Pa ge of Dr. Benjam in Ch urc h’s Orati on on the Boston M assacre . . .1 0 5 Boston, 1773.

XVIITh e Boston M assacre

.

.1 0 9

Frontispiece to the Boston Edition ( 1770) of the “ Short N arrative .”

Size of the original 5^x41 inches, exclus­ ive of the lettering.

X V II I

An India n Gaze tte .

.

.

.1 4 4

From the illustration in the Royal Amer­ ican Ma gazine.

Size of the original 74X6J inches.

THE

H E A D -B A N D S , T A IL -P IE C E S AND

IN IT IA L

LETTERS

Th e head-bands and tail-pie ces were designed by Sidney L. Smit h and engrav ed by him on copper. T he init ial letter s to the chapters— in wh at is kno wn as Old Colonial engrossing hand—we re also dr awn

by Mr. Smith . i L ist of I llustra tions : He adband. . ............................ix Seal of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, of which Re­ vere was one o f the founders and first President. xii

L IS T

OF

IL L U S T R A T IO N S PA GE

II

L ist of I llu str ati ons : Ta il­ piece. . ............................

xiv

Boston Te a Party, in which Revere is said to have taken part.

III

IV

V

VI

C hap ter

i : Hea d-ba nd.

Paul Revere’s Coat-of-arms.

5

C hap ter

i : Tail -pie ce.

Th e Midnight Ride.

29

C hap ter

3°

ii Th e Silversmith.

: Head -ban d.

C hap ter ii : Tail -pie ce.

Th e part of Revere’s Harvard Col­ lege plate t hat now exists.

V II

C hap ter ii i : Head -ban d.

Th e Engraver.

V II I

IX

X

51 52

C hap ter ii i : Tail- piece .

Revere’s house at Nor th End, Boston, as it now appears.

66

C hap ter iv : Th e Public Spirit.

67

Head -band .

C hap ter iv : Tail- piece .

90

Th e Liberty Tree .

XI

C hapt er

v:

Head- band.

91

v : Tail- piece .

Th e Mulatto Crispus Attu cks.

102

War. X II

C hapt er

xiii

L IS T X III

OF

C hapt er

IL L U S T R A T IO N S PAGE

vi :

Head-ban d.

•

103

.

124

T he Ma n of Affairs.

X IV

C hapt er

vi

: Tail-p iece.

Finis .

XV

A ppend ix : Ornam ental.

.

• 125

“ W ith the exc eptio n of the head -ban d to Ch apt er I, whic h is a free copy of R eve re’s work on book -plat es, an atte mp t has been made in the head - and tail-p ieces to recall the side of con tem por ary Fr en ch wor k th at Revere took as a model for his orn am ent al eng rav ­ ing, eithe r direc t or thro ugh Eng lish im ita tio ns. ” Sidney L. Smith.

PAUL REVERE AND HIS ENGRAVING

G-S tuart .

SA .S ch .o ff.

CHAPTER I

V E R Y O N E familiar wit h the Annals o f our Revoluti onary War will con cede tha t one o f the most interes ting and rom anti c characters of those dark days in our history tha t “ tried men ’s so uls” is tha t of the patriot , soldier, silversmith, copper -plate engraver, mer­ chant, brass founder * and sheet-co pperroller, dentist, pictu re frame designer and manufac turer, die sinker, Grand Master Mason and confidential agent of the State * Af ter the peace Reve re erec ted an air furn ace in which he cast cann on and chu rch bells, and a num ber of the lat ter are still pealing forth the ir melo dious notes upo n the New En gla nd

5

PA U L REVERE

of Massachusetts Bay, the “Mercury o f the devolutionf Colonel Paul Revere. He was decidedly a man of action, who in his time played many parts and in all his manifold undert akings achieved success.

In the words of one of his biographers, “ He prospered, a ccumu lated by a long life of industry and economy a compete ncy in the way of property , and educated a large family of child ren who venerated the memory of such a fat her .”

Th e fol lowing fac-simile of an advertise­ ment in the Boston A merica n H erald of Monday, Februa ry 6, 1786, shows t he diversified characte r o f the merc antile busiSabb ath air. T h e business card of P aul R ever e & Sons as casters of bells and brass can non will be fo un d rep rod uce d in E. H. Goss ’s “ Life of R ev ere ,” Vol. II , page 557.

One of Re ver e's chu rch bells was rec ent ly offered for sale by the Firs t Me tho dis t Epis copa l Ch urc h in Bos ton and qui ckl y fou nd a purc hase r.

It had , so the adv ertis eme nt stat es, a his­ tor y, for it used to sum mo n th e peop le of the Old No rth En d to worsh ip whe n it was the “ co urt par t ” of the tow n. It was in the tow er of th e old Fir st Ch urc h and bear s this insc ript ion: “ The Firs t Church , Cast in Boston in 17 92 by Pau l R ev er e. " T h e pric e aske d was $5 00 .

6

AN D

HIS

E N G R A V IN G

ness which Revere conduct ed, after the War of Indepe ndence , whi ch had enlisted his energies and occupied his time for seven

PAUL

REFERE,

OULD refpe&fully inform bis Cuftomers and the Publiek,

W <That

he

has

REM O VED

from the South P art of the Tow n, oppofite Liberty-Po le, to Dock-Square , in the Store adjoining Mr. JOSE PH BUSH, near the Market.

V/here he has fo r Sale>

A general Aflb rtme nt of

Ha rd- Wa n G O O D S Con(iRing cf

Pewter^

Brafs,

Copp er,

Ironmongery, Plated, Jappaned, and Cutlery WAKES ; .Piles, Tools, See. for Gold fmiths.

Jewellers, Clock 3nd Watc h-Ma kers, Chapes and Tongn.es» blue Melting -Pots from No. i, to 20, Crucibles, very neat Scale Beams Inches long with box End s; yViliarcPs Patent Jacks, Lookmg-GIafles, &c. &cFFT The GOL DSM ITH ’S BUSINESS, is there, carried on m all its Branches *all Kinds of Plate made in the neweft Tafte, and ftniftied in the neateft Manner.

Con ftan t A tte nd an ce giv en, and the fmalleft

Favours gratefully acknowledged»

long weary years, was over, and peace had settled once mo re upon the land he served with such ability, remar kable versatility, and unselfish devotion.

7

PA UL

REV ERE

AN D

HIS EN GR AV IN G

graphical Dicti onary that Revere or Rivoire—as the name was w ritten by his an­ cestors in France , and also for some time after they had e migrat ed to this co untry, — was of Hug uen ot descent, and was born in Boston, where he died in May, i 818, at the age of 83. He was his fath er’s eldest son and was brou ght up to the paternal trade of gold- and silver-smith .

It is said that he engraved not only the graceful designs we find upon the silver plate whic h bears the coveted mar k of P. R e v e r e or simply R e v e r e as it oc­ casionally appears— but also the wreaths, garlands and medallions whi ch ornam ent many of the cups, spoons, tankard s, sal­ vers, tureens, teapots and porrin gers man u­ factured by othe r Boston silversmiths of the period. Thu s, by a natural process of evolution, he acquir ed, as many a self-taught engraver bef ore and since his ti me has done, a knowl edge— rudim entar y, it is true— of the art of ch alcogr aphy.

IO

I

PA U L

RE V ER E

AN D

HI S E N G R A V IN G

One of Rever e’s first engravings is re­ puted to have been a portr ait of h is friend and spiritual guide, Rhhe Efhcv'd Jona than cfh&ayhew, 3). 3)., Sda.itoz of the cWeàt (Shuzch in dèoóton. Th is portr ait, it is as­ serted, was prefixed to one of the doct or’s numerous printe d sermons ; but I have been unable to verify this statem ent by ocular proof. Th e New York Histo rical Society possesses a num ber of Dr. May­ hew ’s sermons in the original editions, but none of them contains this alleged portrait , and Mr. Sidney L. Smith of Bos­ ton, one of the last and best of our steel- and copper- plate engravers, who m I regard as an auth ority upon Paul Revere and his en­ graving, writes me tha t he can discover no trace of its wherea bouts : so that I have grown sceptical in regard to its existence and a little weary in the chase for this elu­ sive will- o’-the-wisp of an effigy of the emine nt New Engla nd divine.

It is in the year 1765 that, aside f rom !3

PA U L

REVERE

AND

H IS

E N G R A V IN G

this portrai t of D r. Mayhew , we first hear of Revere as an engraver. In this year he engraved the music score in a “ C ollec­ tion of Psalm Tu ne s” published by him and Josiah Flagg in Fish Street, at the No rth End of Boston. The n followed a succession of engravings whic h embraced a wide variety of subjects— “ Harmonies fo r Singing Schools,” embellish ed with quaint frontispieces, Caricature s, Alle gori ­ cal pieces,* Masonic, and othe r Certifi ­ cates, Bill-heads, Seals, Book and Maga ­ zine illustrations, and Con tinen tal paper money. “ Wh en, in the strugg le for in­ dependence, the provinc e of Massachu ­ setts resorted to a paper curren cy and ac­ cepted bank ruptc y as a part of the price to be paid for civil libe rty, ” J Revere not * “ Bur ied wit h Hi m by Ba pti sm .”

T h e copy of this rare allego rical engr avin g whi ch is here rep rod uce d, was sold in Dr .

Charle s E. Cla rk’ s sale, Bo sto n, Ja nu ary , 190 1, for $3 1. 00 , and is now in the possession of M r. Ed win B. Ho lde n, of Ne w Yo rk. j- Br ya nt’ s Po pular Hi sto ry of the Un ite d States.

14

B U R IE D W I T H H I M B Y B A P T IS M

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HI S E N G R A V IN G

only engraved the plates, but made the press and printe d the promissory notes of the State of Massachusetts Bay, as well as some of the earliest of the Bills of Cred it authoriz ed by the Cont inen tal Congress, and they are far more credita ble examples of the arts of engrav ing and typog raphy than are the 3% x 2 ^ inch Cont inent al notes “ // voas death to counterfeit"' whic h David Hall (Dr. Fr an kli n’s old business associate) and Wil liam Sellers, his p artner, supplied to the Assembly of Pennsylvania as well as Rever e’s native State at a later period. By the year 1780 Hal l and Sellers appear to have become the Congressional printers, and were manu factur ing a large proporti on of th e paper money of the sev­ eral Unit ed Colonies. Th e border and headline of the Massachusetts State 'Treas­ urer s Note, here reproduc ed, is, however , said to have been engraved by Revere. It is made payable to, and endorsed on the back by him. Th e body of the note is evi19

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dently in letter-press. It is 10% x 4^4 inches in size, and is print ed on fairly well-made paper. For the sake o f c om­ parison we have also reproduc ed both the face and the reverse side of one of the Continen tal notes turned out by the cele­ brated Philad elphia typograp hers.

Revere’s military exper ience began when “ the contin ent was still young in the study and practice of arms,” in the war of 1756, between Engla nd and France , during which he held a lieute nantcy in a Com pany o f A rtiller y, in the expeditio n against Crown Poin t, and was stationed throu gh the summer of tha t year at Fo rt Willi am Hen ry, on Lak e George. He returned to Boston, and was marrie d in I 757>* a r | d n ° other of wa r’s alarms ap­ pears to have disturbed the even te nor of his life until the conflict betw een Great Britain * His first wife, Sarah Orn e, died M ay 3, 1773 , a R d *n Octo ber of the same yea r he mar ried a Miss Rac hel W alk er, of Bosto n. E. H. Goss’s “ Life of R eve re,” Vol. I, pages 109 to I I I .

20

P IL A

No.

rpH

D O L L A R S .^

E Poflcflbr of

. JL TW EN TY Spanif h I Thirty-firft Day of December,

M SttydSx*

DO LL AR S $ y the-* On e Tho ufa nd Seveg ÏHun- * dred and lig ht y- fix , with Intereft in like MoneyÄ t the^ Rate of F iv e fe r Centum fe r Annum, by the State ckuf etti- Fey , according to an A& of the Le gi fla tu re^ f t h e | fai i Su te, Qf the Fift h D ay of Ma y, 1780.

S g A *

P

In te r* .

e. J. +

Annually, Monthly,

600 o 6 ô

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and her No rth Ameri can colonies fore­ shadowed its approach . He was one of the party whi ch planned the destruction of the tea in Boston Har bor, and a mem ­ ber of the band disguised as “ Moha wks ” whose praises have been sounded loud and long in song and story, whic h, at sunset, on the 29th of Novem ber, 1773, boarded the three East India Comp any’s tea ships in the harbor , and in less tha n three hours on tha t m emora ble n ight , brok e open thre e hundred and forty- two chests of the “ best Bohea” and empti ed their contents into the waters of the Bay. “ Œdje cargo came ! anb totio coulb blame 31nbtans seijeb tije tea, 3nb, cljest by cljest, let bolnn ttje game 31nto tlje laughing sea ? /For Inbat abatl tlje plough or sail ©r lanb or life, if freeborn fail? ”

After the British evacuation, Revere became a lieutenan t-colonel in a regime nt of artillery raised for the defence of his 23

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native State, and he was one of the “ up­ wards of thi rty N ort h-E nd citizens, chiefly mechani cs,” who, in the winte r of 1775, formed themselves into a comm ittee and patrolled the streets of the “ distressed town of Boston” to w atch the movements of the Tories and the British forces. Thi s little band of patrio ts held thei r secret meeting s at the G reen D ragon T avern, in Unio n Street, a famous hostelry in Revolut ionary times, much frequente d by those whose sympathies were on the side of the Col­ onies.

Th e story o f the mid nigh t ride of Paul Revere from Charlesto wn to the “ rude bridge that arched the flood ” at Concord town where “ ------ once tlje embattled farmers stoob, &nb ftreb tbe shot bcarb rounb tbe toorlb,”

has become, thro ugh Long fellow ’s lines, as familiar to his countrym en as a house­ hold word. It had been arranged that if the British troops sallied forth at 24

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nigh t by water, to seize and destroy the guns, munitio ns and stores at Concord, two lanterns would be shown as a signal in the No rth Ch ur ch * steeple. If they went out by land, only one lantern was to be displayed.

On Tuesday evening, April 18, 1775, Dr. Joseph War ren, the ardent patriot, — who was destined with in two short months' )' to lay down his life for his co un­ try on the brow of Bunke r Hill , “ the first great mart yr to the national cause,” — discovered, in Boston, that the troops were to be moved at once, and marched to Lexi ngto n and Concord.

He sent in great haste for Revere, and besought him to set off im mediat ely for Lexingt on, * T h e spire upon whic h the lantbo rns were hun g is, acco rd­ ing to Jus tin W ins or , a ma tte r of dispu te, “ Reve re’s Nor th Chu rch bein g consi dered by some to have been the Chur ch in No rth Square , Bos ton, pulle d down by the British dur ing the siege, and by other s the present Christ Chu rch, and it is up on the lat ter tha t the tou rist to- day is shown an inscri ption ide nti ­ fying th at bui ldin g with the eve nt.”

-j- Bat tle of B unk er Hill , Ju ne 17, 1775. *5

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where were “K ing ” Hanc ock and Samuel Adams, to “ acquaint them of the move­ ments .” This Revere did, first calling, as his own narrative * relates, upon a friend and desiring him to set the prearranged signals. It is c ontended by some th at the lanterns were displayed by sexton Robert Newman , but Revere in his Narra tive is silent upon this point, and the honor of having performed the hazardous service of “ hanging out the signals for the guidance of Major Paul Revere on the nig ht of the 18th of April, A. D. 1775 ,” is stoutly claimed for Revere’s intim ate friend Cap­ tain Joh n Pullin g, a merc hant of Boston, a membe r of t he Com mitte e of Safety and a vestry-man of Christ Chu rch. + Crossing the Charles River, “ a litt le to the eastward where the ‘ Somerset' lay,” in * In 1798 Reve re wro te a let ter to the Cor respondi ng Secre­ tar y of the Mas sac hus etts His tori cal Socie ty, con tain ing remi n­ iscences rel ati ng pri ncip ally to the e vents of his ride on the nig ht of A pri l 18, 1775 . (Co llec tion s of the Socie ty, Firs t Series, Vol. V. ) Th is nar rati ve is also copie d in par t in Du nla p’s A rts of Des ign, Vol. I, p. 150, and in full in the Wo rce ste r

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a boat with muffled oars, manned by two friends, Revere was landed on the Charles­ town side. Deacon Joh n Lark in, a frien d of the cause, supplied him with a “ very good h orse,” the “ nigh t was very pleasant,” and at eleven o’clock, “ when the lanterns flashed forth thei r warn ing lig ht, ” Revere started on the eventful ride whi ch, in L ong­ fellow’s poetical rende ring of it in the “ Tales of a Wayside Inn ,” has given im­ mortal fame to the name of Paul Revere.

Long years ago Longf ellow ’s ballad became one of the special favorites of the school­ boy orator. Every Master Hopeful who has reached the spouting age can recite off-hand the stirri ng martial lines of Ha l­ leck ’s “ Marco Bozza ris” or Longfel low’s “ Ride of Paul Revere ,” but they may Ma gazi ne and Hist oric al Jou rna l, 1825 and 1826, from which lat ter short- lived peri odical (only 18 mo nth ly parts were ever issued) the copy in the Ap pen dix is take n. ƒ See t he acc oun t of “ Pau l Rev ere’ s s ignal: ” “ The Tr ue Story of the ‘ Signal L an te rn s’ in Christ Chu rch, Bo sto n,” in the Mass achu setts His tori cal Societ y Proc eedin gs, 18 76 -77 , pp. 16 4- 16 9, by Joh n Lee W ats on , of O rang e, N. J. 27

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have gro wn faint in the memories of some of us elder folk and they will bear repeti­ tion. We can allow space here, however, only for the opening and closing lines of Longfe llow’s noble poem. ït an öï or ö’^ < al e yjaul Uebere’s ISiöc Liste n, mp tljilöreu, anö pou shall tjear ©f tlje miönigljt riöe of |Baul Uebere, ©n tlje eighteenth of Slpril in ê>ebentp4tbe— Cjarölp a man is noto alibe Wh o remembers that fantotts öap anö pear. l?e saiö to bis frienö, “ 3 |f tlje ïBritislj m artij )15p laitö or sea front tlje toton tomigljt, J^ang a l antern aloft in the belfrp areb ©f the >or tlj Cljurclj totoer a s a sign al l ight— ©ne, if bp lanö, anö ttoo, if bp sea ; #n ö 31 on tlje opposite shore totll be, lïeaöp to riöe anö spreaö the alarm th ro ug h eberp 2^tööleser billage anö farm, iFor the c ountrpf olk to be up ano to arm .” *

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*

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S>o tljrougl) tlje ni gl jt roDe |3 a u l Ue bere ; ZnD so tljrouglj tlje nt gl jt to n « ljis ctv of al ar m fEo eberp 20tûû leser billag e anD fa rm ,— SI crp of Defiance an ö no t of fear. boice tn tlje Da rkness, a knock at tlje Door, Sink a toorû tljat sljall ecljo for eberm ore !

Jro r, bo rne on tlje nt gl jt totnD of tlje p a s t, tEtjr ou glj all ou r Inötorp to tlje la st , 31u tlje Ijou r of Da rkn ess , anD p eril, anD nceD, fElje peop le sljall toak en , anD listen to bear îElje lju rr pi ng Ijoo Ebeats of tlja t SteeD, £ n û tlje miD nigb t m es sa ge of p a u l He bere.

CHAPTER II

PR IL i o, 1776. Up (old'] Cornhill [now the lower part o f Washi ng­ ton Street ],past the shop o f Pa ul Revere, that intrepid patriot and skillfu ll mechanic^ So is made to writ e tha t ficti­ tious maiden, charm ing Do roth y Dudley , inscribing in h er diar y* the sights and in­ cidents o f her first walk th rou gh the streets of Boston after the force d depa rture, in th e precedin g month, of the ten thousan d British veterans— who had been “ cooped u p ” in the town throu gh the long New Engla nd wint er by W ash ingt on’s “ ill-fed, ill-ar med, * “ T h e Cam brid ge of 17 76 .”

3°

Cam brid ge, Ma ss., 1876.

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raw mil itia men ,”— and the simultaneous emba rkatio n of the loyalists to take refuge in “ Halifa x, Londo n, and elsewhere.”

Even if the wooden shutters had already been taken down from Rever e’s show win ­ dow, it could hardly have made a very brave display of bijout ry and silverware on this occasion. Tra de in the luxuries of life must have languished in the belea­ guered town of Boston, and Revere had had othe r and sterner work to do, but we doubt not tha t his hand retained its cun­ ning, alth oug h it may have fallen out of practice.

Th e silverware of Paul Revere is of ex­ cellen t work mans hip, and chaste in form, evidently modeled after English eightee nthcentury designs, and the great variety * of pieces of plate manufactu red by him * “ T an ka rd s, pitch ers, tea -po ts, spoons, snuff-boxes, spec­ tacle -bow s, suga r bask ets, ewers, salvers, porri nger s, turee ns, brazier s, knee and shoe buck les, cand lestic ks, chafin g dishes, spatula s, etc ., et c. ” E. H. Goss ’s “ Life of Col. Paul Re ver e,” Vol. II , p. 529.

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and now so eagerly sought for by collec­ tors are good examples of the style at present so generally in favor, to which we have given the euphonious name Col­ onial. Th e simple classical forms adopted by our artisans at a period when art in this country was still in its infancy, strangely enough have never been improved upon by their successors, and by revertin g to them in these latter days, our silversmiths as well as our cabinet -maker s are display­ ing good sense as well as an improved taste; but in this mechan ical age they stamp or saw out t heir patter ns in u nlim ited quantities by machi nery, and do not, as of yore, hamm er or carve them laboriously, piece by piece, by han d; and there in lies a distinction and a difference.

Th ere appears to have been, on both sides of the At lantic, in Re volution ary days, and the stormy times that immedi ately preceded them , the usual propensity for 32

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caricature and allegory that marks every exciting period in th e history of a civilized people. Th e “London Ma gazin e,” 1774-5, contains a numbe r of these grotesque and generally coarse and clownish conceits, in­ spired by the political conditions existing in Americ a, several of whic h were copied

by Revere for “ The Royal American Mag­ azine,” the last periodical established in Boston prior to the Revolution .

In 1765 Revere engraved an allegorical picture , emble matic al of the greatly dis­ turbed condit ion of affairs in A merica con­ sequent upon the passage of the Stamp Act in J anuar y of th at year, and the determ ina­ tion of the Americ an people to resist its enforcem ent. In comme moratio n of the repeal of this obnoxious law, fraught with such moment ous and far-reac hing conse­ quences to the British Empi re, but which, says G reen, in his “ Histo ry o f the English People, ” “ passed thro ugh both houses of Parliam ent with less opposition than a turn35

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pike bill ,” * Revere engraved, the follow­ ing year, anoth er plate, “ A View of the O belisk erected under L iberty T ree, in Boston, on the Rejoicings fo r the Repeal of the Stamp - Ac t.” (Feb ruary 22, 1766.)

Before the intent ion to place this obelisk under the Liber ty Tre e could be carried out, the structur e was accidenta lly de­ stroyed by fire.

Th e Boston Libe rty Tre e was a fine old elm, that stood, so Mr. Goss tells us, “ on the corner of Was hing ton and Essex Streets.” Oth er liberty trees were set apart in various sections of the country , and we find an Ode to these altars of freedom around whi ch the Libe rty boys * “ Issued und er the A ct of 176 5. It was the resistan ce to this impos t on the pa rt of the Am eri can Coloni es, th at bro ught abo ut the ir sepa ratio n from the mo the r cou ntry. On a publ ic occasio n once in an aft er din ner speech on Ap ril 19, 1850, M r.

Edw ard Ev ere tt, hol din g up a specim en of the stamp said, ‘ Yes Sir, th at bit of di ngy blue pape r, stam ped with the two and six­ pence sterl ing, crea ted the Un ited States of A me rica , and cost Gr eat Bri tain the bri ght est je wel in her cro wn .’ ” —Dr. Samu el A. Green, in his “ Groton d ur ing the Rev olut ion, ” p. /S q.

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rallied and held thei r convocations, in the “ Pennsylvania Ma gaz ine ” for July , 1775, writte n by Tho mas Paine (auth or of the “ Age of Reason who at the time was the editor of this now scarce and much coveted pre-re volutio nary periodical. Th e Ode is signed “ Atla nticu s,” and we have a taste of its high ly epical flavor in this, the first, stanza: lib e r ty < re c 2i jliebo g>ong (Œune : “ @Tbc (S ob ? o f tb c © re eft ?"

31n a chariot of l ig ht , fro m the re gi on s of tlje Oap, tETjc ÖoöDcss of V tb rr tp came . ® e n tljo usa nD ce le st ia ls DirecteD tlje toap, AnD Ijitljc r conDucteD tlje Dame.

A fair buDDing branch fro m tlje garD ens abobe, W h ere m illions boitlj m illion s agre e, fe>lje b ro ug ht in her IjanD as a plcbge of her lobe, An b tlje pl an t she nameD L ib er ty Pree .

Revere’s celebrated but repulsive cari­ cature “ T he R escinders ” appeared in 1768, and in 1770 he published one of his most impo rtant engravings, “ A View 37

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of Boston,” with a rib bon or scroll inscrip­ tion runni ng entirely across the top of the plate and bearing the legend, “ A VI EW OF PA RT OF T H E TO W N OF BOS TON IN N EW EN G LA N D AN D BR IT IS H SHI PS OF WA R LA N D ­ IN G T H E IR TR OO PS , 1768 ,” * and the following lette ring at the foot : In the righ t-ha nd corner, with in an ornamenta l border, this dedication : “ To the Ta r I o f Hillsborough Hi s M aj estys Sect? o f Statefo r America, T his V iew of the only well Plan d E xpedition forme d fo r supporting y e dignity o f Britain and chastising y ‘ insolence o f A merica is hum­ bly Inscribed.”

Below the engraving is the followin g key and inscriptio n : 1 Be av er 2 Senega l 3 M a rt in 4 Glasgo w

5 M er m ai d 6 Rom ney

7 Lau ncet on 8 Bon etta

A Lon g W h a r f B H ancock ’s W h a r f C N or th Ba tte ry

* Th e Boston Evacuation Memorial, Boston, 7. 87 6, has at page 18 a heliotype reproduction of this print on a reduced scale.

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“ On f r y day, Se pt'

yo ,h Ip 6 8 ,

the Shi ps

o f W a r , arm ed Schooners, Tra nJp ort s, &c .

Came up the Ha rb ou r an d An ch or ed roun d the T own : the ir Canno n loaded, a Sp rin g on the ir Cables , as f o r a reg ula r Siege. A t noon on Sa tur da y October the I st the f o u r ­ teenth an d tw en ty- ni nt h Reg ime nts , a detach ­ men t fr o m the y f R eg ' an d T,rai n o f A r ti l­ lery, w ith two piece s o f Cannon , lan ded on the Lo ng W h a r f: there Form ed an d M ar ch ed wi th info lent Pa ra de , D ru m s beating , Fif es pla yin g, a nd Colours fly in g, up K in g S t r e e t .

Fa ch Soldie r ha vi ng rece ived 16 rounds o f Po wd er an d Ba ll.

E ng ra ve d , P r in t e d , & Sold by P au l R ev er e , B os to n .” *

Th e foregoin g inscript ion and the ded­ ication to Lord H illsbo roug h express sen­ timents so diamet rically opposed to each other tha t they must certainly have been penned by t wo different hands, and con­ sidering, as has been remar ked by a pre* A pho to-l itho grap hic “ fa c s i m i le " sligh tly colored , of this prin t was publi shed, prob ably in 1868, by Al fre d L. Sewell, Chic ago, Ill. ( “ D one by the W est ern Ban k No te and En ­ grav ing Co mp any .” ) A copy is in the Bosto nian Society, 39

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vious w riter, “ the contr adicti on between these statements, it may be a question whe ther the impressions issued in 1768 bore the second insc ripti on.”

An advertiseme nt of this prin t appeared in Th e Boston Gazett e and Coun ty Jo ur ­ nal, April 16, 1770 (see Goss, Vol. I, page 80), and the copy of it in the Bostonian Society is in its orig inal frame of ebon ized wood, the backin g boards of whi ch are fastened in with strips of this same oldtime newspaper, upon whic h appears the date of May 6, 1770. Th e colori ng of this print is unusually well done (espe­ cially the tinti ng of th e sky) by one Chris ­ tian Rem ick— for an accou nt of who m the reader is r eferred to the extra ct in the Appe ndix, from Vol. XL VI I of the New Engla nd Hist orica l and Genealog ical Re­ gister. Unfo rtuna tely parts of this prin t are in a very dilapidat ed state.

Ano ther copy of this print , also in poor condit ion, is in the Lenox Librar y (Em 40

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met Collect ion). It measures 1 5 ^ x 9 ^ inches, includin g the inscriptions. Thi s copy is likewise colored by h and, as is so frequen tly the case with Revere ’s prints.

Th e ruinous state into whi ch many of the engravings of pre-re voluti onary times have fallen, is owin g, in a cons ider­ able degree, to the practic e whi ch pre­ vailed in those prim itive days, of pasting them on a board and covering them w ith a thic k coat of balsam or varnish. Thi s appears to have been the customary meth od of stret chin g, and prepar ing a prin t to be framed. It has proved a very detri ment al and destructi ve one.

Th e copper- plate of Revere ’s View of Boston and Landing of the Troops, cut down about four inches on the left-hand side and an inch at the bottom , is now in “ charge of th e Secretary o f Massachusetts, having been used for the issue o f t he con­ tinental curre ncy.” A few modern im­ pressions from it, with out the inscription, 41

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are to be met with in the channels of trade.* A small woodcu t copy of it ap­ pears in Edes & Gil l’s No rth American Almanack , Boston, 1770, and is repro­ duced in Win sor’s “ Na rrativ e and Critical Histor y of A meri ca,” Vol. VI, page 81.

A smaller copper -plate of this same View of the Tow n of Boston, extended furth er south, was engraved by Revere for the first numbe r of, “ 'The Royal American Magazine ” Boston, 1774, the inscript ion being changed to read : “ A VI EW OF T H E T O W N OF BOS TON W IT H SE VE RA L SH IPS OF WA R IN T H E H A R BO U R .” * T he engr avin g upo n the b ack o f t his plate is thu s descr ibed : “ Ei ght figures in the uni for m of th e colo nial min ute man. In his ri ght ha nd, a sw ord 5in his lef t, a scrol l u pon whi ch is the word ‘ In dep end enc e? Ab ove t he figure is the lege nd ‘ Issued in d e­ fence of A me ric an libe rty ’ and belo w, the prese nt mo tto of the Stat e of Mas sach uset ts, ‘ Ense pet it, et c. , et c. ’ In each case scra tche s have been mad e th rou gh th e face of the figure and th e words on the scroll , as if to prev ent the ir fu rth er use. Th er e is also a fur the r insc riptio n above the figure , and the date of issue below , whic h have been mu til ate d.”

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Thes e eig hte en th- cen tur y Views of Boston, by Revere were not the first that had been engraved. The y were preceded more than twenty years by the quaint and exceedingly scarce copper-p late w hich em­ bellishes the title-p age of “ 77/<? Ameri­ can Magaz ine and Historical Chronicle ” (Boston, 1744,) engraved by J. Tur ner, * one of our early engravers, for a mention of whose name you will search in vain thro ugh the pages of Du nla p’s “ History of the Arts of Design in the United States,” alth oug h he was a contemporar y of, and as capable an artist, if not so cele­ brated a charac ter, as Paul Revere, of whom Dunla p gives a length y biogra phi­ cal notice.

One of the earlier representations o f the * Th er e is a copy of this eng ravi ng in the Massa chuset ts Hist oric al Society and ano the r in the collection of M r. Joh n P. W oo db ur y of Bosto n.

A pho tog ravu re copy of Mr. W oo d­ bu ry’ s pri nt was used as a frontis piece in the Cata logue of the Exh ibiti on of rare and choice books and prints held on its ten th annivers ary, Fe bru ary 17 -2 4, 1897, by the Club of Odd Vol­ umes of Bo ston.

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town of Boston, from the hand of a native artist is the Plan eng raved by Th os. Jo hn ­ ston, Boston, N . E., and inscribed by Wi ll Burgis to Will iam Burnet, Esq., who was Governor of New York from 1720 to 1728, and was then transferred to the gov­ ernme nt o f Massachusetts and New Ha mp ­ shire. Burnet died in Boston, Septembe r 7, 1729. Th e dedication to him, of this Plan o f Boston, w ould appear, therefo re, to settle definitely the date of its executi on.

Th e inscription upon it reads as follow s: “ Plan of Boston. Size, 14% x 1 0 ^ . E n­ graved by Th os. Joh nst on, Bosto n, N. E. Po his Exc elle ncy

Wi llia m îlButnct, Côq., P hi s P la n o f lißostOU in /icto (Ênglanö is hu mb ly D ed ic at ed by H is Exc elle ncy 's mo st obed ient an d hum ble se rv ant W il l B ur gi fs .”

Th e above dedicatio n is in an oval, sur­ mount ed by the arms and motto of ( prob­ ably) Governor Burnet, and supported by 46

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female figures seated on a pedestal, upon the base of which are the words : “ Boston, N. Eng d- Planted mdcxxx.” Below this is a table or key to the buildings in the Plan whic h are designated by the letters of the alphabet.

Th is plan is remar kably well engraved for the period, and in fact will bear favor­ able comparison wit h any eigh teent h-cen ­ tury coppe r-plate engravin g that exists, of eith er Engli sh or Amer ican origin.

Th e copy of this map or plan (which may very possibly be unique ), from which the above descript ion is taken, is in the possession of Mr. R. T. H. Halsey of this city.* Th is same Tho mas John ston also en­ graved and print ed a pic ture of “ QU EB EC * An ot he r early “ Ma p of the T ow n of Bo ston in New En g­ land ” is t he one mad e by Capt . Jo hn B onn er, 1722. Engr aved and Pri nte d by Fra Dew ing, Bos ton, N. E., 1722.

Sold by Cap t. Jo hn Bon ner and W ill Pric e agai nst y c To wn House wher e may be had all Sorts of P rint s, Map ps, et c. ” Th er e is, I under sta nd, a still more anci ent map of Bo ston in existence th an eithe r o f th ose here men tion ed— dat ing ba ck to the 47

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THE CAP ITA L OF N E T FRA NC E A BISHOPRICK AN D SE AT OF TH E SOVERA 1N COU RT,” for Step*1. Wh itin g (no date or place). Th e only copy of this print (which was probably engraved in the early part of the eigh teen th centu ry), that I have seen, is in th e collectio n o f Mr. Willia m F. Havem eyer of this city. It is an oblong quarto print, colored by hand, size 8% X 6% inches, inclu ding the in­ scriptions.

The re was quite a little company of these early American engravers, wh o have been entirely overlooked by writers upon the rise and progress of th e Arts of Design in this country of ours. Th e production s of these men are not masterpieces of drawing or engraving, but they were pio­ neers in thei r particu lar domain, and their tim e of Jo hn Fos ter, t he first Bos ton prin ter (1 67 6- 80 ). A n ac­ cou nt of this map is now, I am tol d, in prep ara tion and will sho rtly be publis hed.

A copy of Bo nne r’s Ma p, mad e in 1835 by Geo rge G. Sm ith, Eng rav er, Bos ton , hang s on the walls of the Bosto nian Society .

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work, unskilful as it may be, is assuredly of greate r consequence, historica lly and topog raphi cally considered, than are eith er the ambitiou s painted canvases, or the fin­ ished engravings of many of the artists who have succeeded them , and whose names are bette r kn own to fame, chiefly because it was thei r good fortun e to live in an age which appreci ated its me n of ta lent and recorded thei r achievem ents.

In the pioneer days of our forefathe rs a professional artist was looked upon as a r athe r useless m ember of the com mun ity, who received scant con­ sideration from, and was not held in very high hono r by his pr actical, hardwo rking, non-aesthetic friends and neighbors.

Origi nal impressions of the Revere Views of Boston are not found hanging from every bush. The y are few and far enough between ; but the rarest of all Revere ’s engravings is undoubtedly the “ Wester ly View of th e Colledges in Cam­ bridge New Eng land ,” after a drawing 49

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by Jos h- Chadw ick. It differs from the view publish ed by Will iam Burgis, whic h antedates it by some forty years, altho ugh the general appearance presented by the group o f college buildings is the same. Ac­ cording to Mr. E. H. Goss, the auth or of the most complete Life of Revere whi ch has yet appeared, only one origina l im ­ pression of this engravin g is know n, the one belonging to the Essex Instit ute, of Salem, Mass. ; but I am inform ed that Mr. Z. T. Holl ingsw orth, of Boston, is the owner of a copy in good condit ion. Th e plate was cut in two, and used for engrav­ ing the Massachusetts paper money, of the Revolution. Th e righ t-ha nd section of it is still in existence, the proper ty of the State, and upon the back are the en­ gravings of the twen ty shillings, fourteen shillings, and six shillings of Massachu­ setts Bay Colony Scrip. Impressions f rom the half-plat e are in limite d circulati on,* * E. H. Goss’ s “ Life of C olonel Pa ul Re ve re. ”

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one of whi ch, printe d on Wha tma n wr it­ ing paper, as is shown by the water ­ mark , may be seen in the rooms of the Bostonian Society, as also an impression on s imilar paper, from the cut-do wn plate of the “ Land ing of the Tro ops. ” For infor mati on as to the engraving upon the backs of the Revere copper­ plates now in the possession of the State of Massachusetts I am indebte d to Mr. Jo hn Woo dbu ry of Boston to whom the plates w ere recen tly shown by Secretary of State Olin.

CHAPTER III

H E Boston Massacre prin t, the most celebrate d of all Reve re’s engravings, is cotemp oraneo us with the sanguinary event whi ch it com­ memorates. Th e next of his engraving s in chronolo gical order to wh ich a date of execution can with accuracy be affixed ap ­ pears to be the two effigies in “ Th e En ­ tertai ning Histo ry of King Philip's War ,

by Thom as Chu rch. Rep rinte d f rom the Boston e dition of 1761 by Solomon So uthwick, N ewp ort (R. E), 1772 .” Th en fol­ lowed the illust rations in an edition o f Cap­ tain Coo k’s Voyages. Prin ted by James Rivin gton. New York , 1774. Ch urc h’s 52

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book contain s an imag inar y po rtra it of Colo nel Benja min Ch urc h, the “ note d Indi an fight er who com man ded the party by wh om Kin g Ph ilip was kil led ,” and an equally fancif ul and still more gro ­ tesque repre sent ation of P H IL IP , K IN G of Mo unt Ho pe, engrav ed by Revere , wh ich is proba bly his own naïve conc ep­ tion of t he tatto oed face and fi gure o f t his celeb rated savage war rior .

Cap tain Co ok ’s Voyages is embel lished wit h a map of the wh ole navig ation pro­ tracted by B. Rom ans (an oth er engraver not men tion ed by Dun lap) and two plates poorly engra ved by Reve re,— copies of il­ lustrati ons w hic h a ppea red in pre vious e di­ tions of this pop ular wor k, so tha t we have here a book p rint ed in N ew Yor k be ­ fore the Rev olut ion, wh ich contains en­ gravings by Paul Reve re— a com bina tion wh ich appeals wi th irresist ible force to both th e Boston and the Ne w Yor k book and prin t-co llec tor.

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Th e followin g is a collation of the illustratio ns in the copies of this rare and curious book in the New York His tor i­ cal Society and the collec tion of Mr. Edwin B. Hold en, of this city : T IT L E :

“ A New Voyage roun d the Wo rld in the Years 1768, 1769, 1770 and 1771, . . . perform ed by Captai n Jame s Cook.

By Joh n Haw kesw orth, LL .D . and late Direc tor of the East Indi a Compa ny.

In two volumes, wit h cutts and a Map of the whole navigation . Ne w York .

Print ed by James Riv ingt on, 177 4.”

PL A TE S:

I. “ Dram atic Inte rlud e and Dance given by t he Indians of U lieta , perfor med by two wome n & 6 Men wit h three Dr um s” (signed P. Revere, Sep.), “ to front the tit le o f Cook ’s Voyage, Vol. I. ” II. Map protracted by B. Romans, “ displaying the Conti nents of No rth and 54

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Sou th Am eri ca and the gr ea ter pa rt of th e At lan tic and Paci fic Oc ean s.” * “ A N ew Z ea lan d W ar rio r in his pro pe r Dress , and co mp let ely ar m ed ” ; “ Tw o Na tive s of N ew H ol la nd adv anc ing to Co mb at ”— the se tw o eng rav ing s are on one pla te— “ T o fr on t th e tit le of Co ok ’s Voy age, Vol . I I .”

T hi s pla te is not sign ed.

Ca pta in Be rna rd Ro ma ns, wh o pro­ tracte d th e ma p in C oo k’s Voy age, is best kn ow n as th e au th or of “ A Con cise N at ­ ura l H ist or y o f Ea st and W est Flo rid a.

Co nt ai ni ng an ac co un t of th e nat ura l pr od uc e of all th e So uth ern pa rt of Br it­ ish Am er ica , in th e th re e Ki ngdoms of N at ur e, pa rti cu lar ly th e an im al and vege ­ tab le ; lik ew ise th e arti fici al pro duc e * Th er e is still ano the r eig hte ent h-c ent ury Am eric an editio n of C ook ’s Voya ges, enti tled “ C aptain Coo k’s Th re e Voyages to the Pacifi c Oc ea n,” etc.

Pri nte d at Bosto n by Ma nni ng & Lo rin g for Th om as & An dre ws and D. W es t, Jan uar y, 1797.

Th is edit ion con tain s a full -len gth po rtr ait of Cap tain Cook and seven oth er engr avin gs by S. Hill , the engr aver of mos t of the prin ts in the “ Ma ssa chu set ts M a g a z in e ."

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now raised or possible to be raised and manufac tured there ; with some c omm er­ cial and political observations on that part of the world, and a choro graph ical account of the same. By Captain Ber­ New York. nard Romans. Vol. I. Printe d for th e Aut hor. MD CC LX XV .”

(Th e manuscrip t of the second volume of this work, whic h was never publish ed, is said to be still in existence.) Volum e I contains one folded sheet and ten engrav­ ings, in cludin g the frontispi ece, the dedi­ cation to Joh n Ellis, and thre e full-pag e maps. Mr. Menz ies’ copy, from whose catalogue the forego ing list of the illus­ trations is taken, bro ugh t $175 in 1875.

An uncut copy was sold by Mr. Charles E. Wood ward to the late Mr. Charles H. Kalbfleisch, many years ago, for $225, as I am in forme d by the vendor himself.

Bernard Romans was also the engraver of anoth er most notable early Americ an prin t, the “ L ate Battle at Charl estow n,” 56

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whi ch was copie d one -ha lf the size o f t he origina l by R. A itki n in his “ Pennsylvania Maga zine,” Septemb er, 1775, and pre­ sented to his subscribers as “ a very ele­ gant engr aving .”

Th e only impressio n of Rom ans’ orig­ inal engrav ing of the “ Late Battle at Cha rles tow n,” tha t I can trace, was one sold some years since by a New York bookselle r for $11 0, and I am incline d to believe tha t it is the same copy whic h is described in the follo wing clippin g from the catalo gue of th e exhib ition held Febr uary 17—24, 1897, by the “ Club of Odd Volumes” of Boston : “ B att le of B un ke r H ill . An Ex act View of the La te Batt le at Ch arl est ow n, Ju ne 17, 1775 . In whic h an adva nced part y of abou t 700 Provi ncials stood an At tac k made by 11 regim ents and a train of Arti llery , and afte r an enga gem ent of 2 hours retre ated to the ir main body at Cam bridg e, le av­ ing eleven hund red of the enem y killed and wounde d upon the field. B. Ro ma ns, sc. u

Fo lio, line engra ving .

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“ A very rare con tem pora ry engra ving, showin g Colon el Pre sco tt on horse back, in comm and of the Ame rican Tr oo ps .”

I have gleaned the follo wing facts in

regard to Captain Romans, from Duyc kin ck’s “ Cyc lopedia of Amer ican Lite ra­ ture ” and E. M. R utte nbe r’s “ Obstru ctions to the Navigat ion of Hu dso n’s R iver ;” (J. Munsell, Albany, N. Y., i86 0) : * Romans was a Hol land er by bir th, but early in life emigr ated to Eng land , w here he adopted the profession of an engin eer, and in this capacity was emplo yed for a number of years prio r to the Rev olut ion­ ary War by t he British Gove rnme nt in h er Southern Amer ican Provinces , a nd also as a botanist in Flori da, wit h a pension of about X 5° sterling per annum .

A manusc ript in Harv ard College Li ­ brary, writ ten by J oh n Gera rd Wil liam de Brahm mentio ns Romans as a draug hts­ man and a resident of Flori da from 1763 * Mu nse ll’s His torica l Series, No . V.

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to 1771. Fro m 1775 to 1780 he lived in the No rth , was engaged in the ca­ pacity of engine er for the constr uction of Forts Clin ton and Mon tgom ery, in the Hig hlan ds of the Huds on River, and served for a time as the “ Cap tain of a compan y of Pe nnsylvan ia Artill ery des­ tined for the invasion of Canada as a part of the N ort he rn Ar my .” “ In 1780, w hile on his passage fr om New Haven or New Lond on to the South, he was captured by the British , w ho refused to exchang e him as a prison er of war, and he was carried to Mon tego Bay, J amai ca, where he was h eld in Capti vity unt il the Close of the war .”

Ano ther accou nt states, (upon what au­ tho rity , I know not) , tha t Romans was sent to Engl and and died at sea on his re­ turn h ome i n 1784. Th e exact time and mann er of his death remain a mystery.

Th e latter portio n of this stateme nt is taken from the Deposit ion of Roman s’ widow made for the purpose of obtain ing 59

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a pension. She died in i 848, aged 89, and her miniatu re, painted by her husband, is said to be still preserved in the family and to be beautifully executed.

In the foreg oing referen ce to Bernard Romans I have digressed somew hat wide ­ ly from my prope r them e, but I trust that the facts wh ich have been cited in relation to an engraver who was a cote m­ porary of and a co-w orke r wi th Paul Revere, will be found of intere st to the American collect or and not entire ly out of place in this conne ction. W ith this word of ap ology I wil l resume the thre ad of my broken narrative.

Th e only one of the quai nt old “ Ha r­ monies” upon whi ch Revere exercised his taste and skill, tha t I have had an op­ portu nity to examin e is “ The New Eng­ land Psalm Singer or American Chorister composed by Mr. Billings, a native of Boston, in N. E. Boston, New England .

Prin ted by Edes & Gill (177 0). Th e 60

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repr oduc tion, on page 6 1, of the fronti s­ piece, engraved for this book by Revere, is made from the copy belo ngin g to Mr. E. B. Hol den .

W he the r the design, wh ich is certa inly super ior to the execu­ tion of this plate, can be ascribed to Re­ vere or not, is an open question.

Th is oblon g octavo volume, bound in sheepsk in, over oaken boards, whi ch is so pleasantly suggestive of the sing ing master and i nstr ucto r in psal mody, Ichab od Crane, and his pupil , the fair and buxom Katrin a Van Tassel, imm orta lize d in Irv ing ’s “ Le­ gend of Sleepy Ho llo w, ” was aforetime “ Glney cWLtiâoz'à Sè oo k,

dè ou t ^) un e i8th ,

/y y£ ,” Afte r the Preface a nd “ An Essay on the Na tur e and Prop erties of Sound,” ther e follows an “ Ode on Mus ic,” from a Miscella ny of the Rev. Dr. Byles.

Amer ican anth olog y furnishes no better example of th e me taph orica l style of co m­ position in wh ich eig hte en th- ce ntu ry writers in both this and our mot her 63

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coun try deligh ted to indulge, than that whi ch this ode, w ith its bold and original figures of speech, supplies. Hea rken !

D o w n ste ers tlje Ba ss toitlj grabe, Majes tic air,

a n o up tlje Tr eb le m ou nt s toitlj sljril l career ; W it lj softer g>ounos, in ntilo speloDious 30aj e, W ar bl in g bettoeen tlje Te no r gent lp JDlaps ; ÎIBut if tlje a spi ring A lt u s (oin s its ifor ce, ê>ee !like tlje iLarfe, it W in g s i ts toto’tin g Co ur se ; Œljro’ J^arm onp’s s ub lim es t ^ plj ere it fl ies, an o to an ge lic ac ce nt s se em s to rise ; jfr om tlje bolO Hjeigljt it Ijails tlje ech oing Ba ss Wl jicl j sln ells to me et, a no m ir in close em brace. ®lj o’ oiff’rent S y st em s all tlje JB arts oibioe, W it lj sp usi c’s Ct joro s tlje Dista nt > o te s are tp ’D; a n û ê>pmpatljetitfe S tr a in s enc ljan ting toinoe Œljeir re stl es s Uace, till all tlje } par ts are join’D Cl je n rolls tlje C ap tur e tljro’ tlje a i r arouuD 3In tfje full 30a git 30eloûp o f £>ouno.

Th e writ er of this ode I judg e to be the poet- preac her, Ma the r Byles, D. D. , ministe r, of Boston, who died in 1788, aged 82. He was noted for his wit in conversation, his poetica l talents, and his To ry procliviti es, wh ich made him an 6+

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obje ct of susp icio n and wa tch ful ne ss on th e pa rt of t he pa trio ts du rin g th e W ar of In de pe nd en ce .* Fo r a mo re det aile d ac co un t of th e Mu sic Scores and Fr on tis pie ce s eng rav ed

by Re ver e for th e Ps alm -tu ne , Fu gu e, and A nt he m boo ks of Pu rit an N ew En gla nd th e rea de r is re fer red to th e “ L ife of Re ve re ,” by E. H. Goss, w hi ch I have he re to fo re qu ote d, and to th e same au­ th or ity for an ac co un t of th e “ N or th B at te ry ” pl at e, j' w hi ch for me d the he ad ­ ing for a cer tifi cat e of me mb ers hip as an In li st e d M ontro ss or gu nn er ’s ma te in an art ill er y co mp an y, as w ell as fo r a de scri p­ tio n of th e po rtr ai t of th e Lo rd Pr ot ec to r Cr om we ll, w hi ch ad orn ed th e Bill of * See A lle n’ s Am eri can Bio grap hica l Dic tion ary . j- A view of th e Sout h Ba tte ry or Sconce “ erec ted 1666 at the base of Fo rt Hil l whe re Ro we ’s wh arf now stand s by 1 Maj .

Ge n. Jo hn Lev ere tt afte rwa rds G ov .’ of M as s." forms the hea din g for an oth er of these Mo ntro ss Certific ates.

Th is prin t was, if I am corr ect ly info rme d, fac-si miled by Mr. Joh n H. Daniels, rece ntly decea sed, (the oldest plate pri nte r in Bosto n) in th e beli ef t ha t the p late h ad been engr aved by Revere.

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Crom well ’s Head Inn, a famous tavern, says Mr. Goss, in School Street, Boston, whi ch was standing until 1888. Th e copper-pl ate of the “ N orth Batte ry,” (with the portion whi ch bore the inscrip tion missing), is still in existence, and modern impressions from it are occasio nally offered for sale. I am told t hat the y have the same genesis as the restrikes from the Boston Massacre plate, a referenc e to wh ich will be found furth er on in these pages.

CHAPTER IV

/'••Q y F all eig hte ent h-c ent ury illustrat e d Ame rica n / ; magazines, the -^7’ most difficult to secure in sound cond ition and con tain ing all the plates (alt hou gh the publi sher informs us that in its day it had a “ handsom e list of subscrib ers,” and the re must have been an editi on of several hund red copies print ed) is th e royal Ameri can M AG ­ A Z IN E publis hed in Boston in 1774— 75 * b y Jose ph Gre enl eaf and “ the fath er and pat ron ,” as he has been justl y styled, * Feb y. 7 , 1 7 7 4 , “ Thi s day the Roy al Am eri can M ag a­ zine publi shed for the first (tim e) (by I. Th om as ).” — Di ary of Mr . Th om as Newe ll publ ished in Mass achu setts His tori cal So­ ciety Proc eedi ngs for 1 8 7 6 - 7 7 .

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of the art of prin ting in Massachusetts, Isaiah Thom as. Th om as’s “ Histo ry of Prin ting in Am eric a,” first published about a centur y ago, is still regard ed as an au­ thor ity, and the best wor k on the subject, so far as it goes, ex tant to-day.

Th e followin g collati on of the illustra ­ tions in “ 'The Royal American Maga zine ” was kindly furnishe d me some years ago by the Libra rian of Yale Unive rsity, whi ch venerable insti tutio n of learn ing (now prepa ring for its Bi-C ente nnia l cele­ bratio n in Octob er next ), is the fortu nate possessor of an uncut copy of this noted book in fine cond ition, wh ich came to it in 1878 from the librar y of Mr . Georg e Brinley at a cost of only $30. It would probably bring ten times tha t amo unt to­ day, at public auction . It lacks only one or two of the plates and pages 9—12 and 25—33 of the text in th e first volume, and it has a num ber of the pale blue paper covers, in whi ch it was origin ally issued, 68

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bound in at the end— pro of positive tha t the book came from the library of a true biblio phile.

Isaiah Tho mas states in his “ Hist ory of P ri nt in g” (Vol. II , pp. 26 0- 1) that A P rospectus of “The Royal American Maga zine ” appear ed many month s be­ fore the perio dical ; “ but the disordered state of publi c affairs, and the difficul­ ties wh ich individu als experi enced from the m, preve nted it from being sooner put to press ; and after a few numbers had been publi shed, the distress occasioned to the inha bita nts of Boston by shut ting up and bloc kad ing the ir port obliged its edito r to suspend the pub lica tion .” * * T h e bill clos ing th e po rt of Bos ton aga ins t all comm erce as a punis hm ent for th e riot in con nec tion wit h the tea ships was int rod uc ed into Pa rli am en t in th e be gin nin g of 1774.

On the is t of Ju ne of this ye ar thr ee tra nsp orts wit h troop s on boa rd arri ved at Na nta ske t road to “ enfor ce the cruel edic t of the Brit ish Pa rli am en t.”

T h e con diti on of affairs in the tow n of Boston on th e 15th of this mo nth is g rap hic ally and suc cinc tly desc ribe d in the Di ary of Mr . Th om as New ell, pu b­ lished in the Pro cee din gs of the Mas sach usett s His tori cal So­ ciet y, Vol. XV . “ Wi nd, S. E. Wednesdays fa ir s pleas ants 69

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IN

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R O Y A L A M E R IC A N M A G A Z IN E , I 7 7 4 - 7 5 .

VOLUM E I

Jany. No.

I.

Jany.

Feb. Feb. Mar.

« « U U

2.

Mar. Apr. Apr.

U 6. « 7U 8.

May June

U 9u IO.

345-

177 4 A View of the Tow n of Boston with Several Ships of W ar in the Harbour.

Th e Thu nde r Storm. P. Revere.

Sir Wilbraham Wen twor th.

Th e Night Scene. J. Callender.

Honourable J ohn Hancock. P. Re­ vere.

Th e Fortune Hunter. J. Callender.

Mr. Samuel Adams. P. Revere.

Th e Hil l-T ops : A new Huntin g Song (with a Representation of the Death of the Stag). J. C. An Indian Gaze tte. * Th e able Doctor, or America Swallowing the Bitter Draught, ƒ

P. M. ra in and thun der.

A. M . 43 d Regim ent lan ded at the Long W ha rf, an d marc hed to t he common, an d there encamped.

Most o f the stores on the Long W h a rf are no m shut up. ’Thus are m e surr ound ed m it h fle et an d arm y, the har bor shut, al l na vig at ion cease, an d not one topsa il ves sel to be seen but those o f our enemies. Oh, let not pos terity forg et our su ffe rin gs ." * See App end ix,

j- See pa ge 33.

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July

No. i l . u 12.

Aug. Sept.

“ 13. “ 14.

Oct.

“ 15.

Nov. Nov. Dec.

« 16. a Va 18.

Dec.

u 19.

June

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Th e Hooded Serpent.

Spanish Trea tme nt at Carthagena.

P. Revere.

Th e Method of Refining Salt-Petre.

An Elegant Engraving of a Wa ter Spout.

Th e Mitred Minuet * (on titlepage). Th e Dancing Bishops.

P. Revere.

Th e Gerbua or Yerboa.

Mademoiselle Clairon.

Th e Manne r that Bees take their repose.

A Conference held between some Indian Chiefs and Colonel Bouquet in the year 1764.

Thi s plate is a copy o f the drawing made by Benjamin We st, for the London edition (1766) of “ An Historical Accou nt o f the Expedition against the Ohio Indians in the year MD CC LX IV , under the com­ mand of Henry Bouquet, Esq., Colonel of Foot, and now Brigadier-General in America.” By Dr. Wil ­ liam Smith.

Thi s, and ano ther historical engraving with the title “ T he Indians delivering up the English captives to * Copie d from the car ica ture in the “ Lon don M ag azi ne " 177473

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camp at the For ks of Mu s­ in No vem ber , 17 64 ,” were Ca not , f rom wha t are said of B enja min W es t.

VOLUM E

II

*775 Jan y. No. Feby. “ Mar . “

1.

2.

3.

A cert ain Cab ine t Ju nt o. P. Reve re.

His tory of L au ret ta. P. Reve re.

(Am erica in Dis tre ss.)

N. B .— Part s in parent hesis tak en from the titl e-p age s. A ll the plates except the thre e signe d by J. Cal len der were pro b­ ably engrav ed by Pau l Revere .

Th e followin g is an extr act from the letter whic h accom panied the foreg oing list : “ I n an Address to the Subscribers dated Decem ber 31, 177 4, and prin ted on the same sheet w ith the title -pa ge of Vol. I occurs this parag raph: “ ‘T he M agazi ne for Ja nua ry 1775 wil l be ornam ented wit h a curious politic al frontispiec e, in wh ich will be exhib ited in a strik ing lig ht the Enemies of Am eri ­ can L ibe rt y both civil and religious, 74

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plot ting th eir total destru ction. A mer ica (described by a woma n in a pensive pos­ ture) wit h this label : “ Lo rd thou did ’st drive out the hea then , etc .” Enco urage d by a voice from a cloud saying, “ I have delivered and will deliv er.” ’ “ At one end of th e plate ar e the figures of the ‘ Cabinet "Junto ’ at the othe r end tha t of ‘America in distress.' It seems to me quit e possible tha t the plate not bein g ready for the Janu ary numb er (on the titl e of wh ich it is described simply as a ‘ neatly engrave d fronti spiece ,’) ap­ peared actua lly in the Mar ch number .

It is also possible, o f co urse, t hat the same subject was trea ted twice, and if a second plate turns up my supposition goes for no thi ng .”

A review of Rev ere’s work as an en­ graver, would be inco mpl ete wit hou t a referen ce to the book-p lates wh ich he produ ced— thre e o f wh ich are in wh at M r.

Charles Dex ter Allen calls the “ Ch ippen 77

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da le” style, and one— that of Will iam Wet mor e— in the “ Rib bon and W rea th. ” Mr. Allen in his work on Amer ican book ­ plates, describes four “ ex l ibr is” — those o f Gardin er Chand ler, Epes Sargent, David Greene and Will iam We tmo re— whi ch are signed by Revere, and th eref ore know n to be the work of his hand.

Reve re’s own plate is u nsigned, but it and also the “ Jaco bean ” plate of Isaiah Tho mas were probably engraved by Revere.

These book-plates are all of unco mmo n occurrence, and comm and, when offered for sale, prices rangin g from $50 upwards.

Revere’s own plate, I under stand to be the rara-avis of the m all. A fac-simil e of the Epes Sargent plate has been en­ graved for Art hur Hewe s Sargent by Sid­ ney L. Smith of Boston.

As has already been stated, the most noted of the prints of Paul Revere is the one in whi ch is depict ed in a fashion rude, almost to th e po int of caricature, th at 78

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sanguina ry prelud e to the Revolu tionar y War , t he Boston Massacre. Th is plate was engraved and publish ed imm ediat ely after the occur rence of the mem orabl e tragedy of Mar ch 5, 1770, in King Street, now called State Street, Boston.

T he size of this renow ned engravin g, inclusive of the inscrip tions at the top and botto m, is 8% xç % inches, — of the pict ure alone, 8% x 7% inches. All the impressions tha t I have seen— aside from the one embed ded in E des & Gills’ b road­ side, to wh ich refere nce will presently be made,— are colore d by hand. Th e two prim ary colors, r ed and blue, predom inate, but an occasional wash of brow n or green shows tha t the arti st’s color- box was not destitu te of o the r pigmen ts. Th e unc outh ­ ness of the eng ravin g is accentu ated by the bizar re effects produ ced by the colorist.

Fur the rmo re, most of the copies in exist­ ence of this famous prin t, are more or less stained by exposure to hum idity , or dis81

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colored by the fumes of the kitche n fires of the New Engla nd farm houses, on the smoky walls of whi ch they have hung, undisturbed and uncare d for, these many years. Worm s, too, h ave feasted on them , but the sad state of de crepi tude into whi ch they have fallen only causes us to regard them with keener solici tude, and we suffer no cleaner’s or resto rer’s hand to apply to their worn and sullied surfaces nostrums and remedies whic h are frequ ently worse than t he diseases they essay to cure. Stains in old paper t hat a bath o f pure wate r will not eradicate had bette r, as a rule, be left alone.

I have rema rked tha t it is the uncol ­ ored portions of these old prints that have been a ttacke d by wo rms. Th e little creeping things do n ot appear to have rel­ ished the taste of paint and probably they found it an unhe althf ul article of diet.

Th e inscripti ons upon the Boston Mas­ sacre plate are as follows. Inset in the 82

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low er rig ht -h an d ma rgi n of th e en gra v­ in g th e wo rds : Engrav’d, Printed & Sold by P aul R evere, B oston.

AT TO P

“ T h e BL OO DY

MA SS AC RE perpe-

trat ed in King Stree t, BO ST ON , on Mar ch 5, 1770, by a par ty of the 29 R E G I: ” AT

FOO T

arr an ge d in th re e co mp ar tm en ts are the fo llo wi ng verses : “ Un ha pp y Boston ! fee t hy Sons deplo re, T hy hallow ’d W alk s befme ar’d with guiltlefs Gore : Wh ile faithl efs P— n and his favage Bands, W ith m ur d’rous Ran cou r ftre tch their blo ody Ha nd s ; Lik e fierce Barbari ans g rinn ing o ’er their Pre y, Ap pro ve the Carna ge and enjoy the Day. “ If fcalding drop s from Rage from Angu ish W ru ng , If fpeechlefs Sorrows lab’ring for a Ton gue , Or if a weeping W orl d can oug ht appeafe Th e p lainti ve Ghoft s of Viólims fuch as thefe ; 83

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Th e Pat riot 's copious Tea rs for each are fhed, A glorious Tr ibu te which embalm s t he Dead. <c Bu t

know, F ate fummo ns to tha t awful Goal, Wh ere J ustice ftrips the M ur d’rer of his Soul : Should venal C—ts, the fcandal of the Lan d, Snatch the relentlefs Villain from her Ha nd , Keen Execrat ions on this Plate infcrib’d, Shall reach a J udge who neve r can be brib’d.” ((C &hc

Sa m -

un ha pp y

G ray,

t^ uf fc ze rô

wer e

M a v e r ic k ,

Sa m ^

C a l d w e l l , C r is pu s A t t u c k s & C a r r , cff ull ed , ($ ix wo un de d ;

J amPat-

o f t he m ,

( C h r is t ^ M o n k & J o h n C l a r k )

ST&oz-

ta lly ,

In the collections of the New York Histor ical Society ther e is a broadside (19x15 % inches in size), black and som­ bre- look ing in its deep mo urn ing borders and rules, wh ich bears the followin g headi ng : “ An Acco unt of a late Mili tary Mas8+

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sacre at Boston, or the consequences of Qua rteri ng Troo ps in a populous, wellregulat ed To wn , taken from the Boston Gazet te o f [M onday] Marc h 12th, 1770.”

Th is broadside, whi ch contains a full and circum stanti al accoun t of the affair of Marc h 5, 1770, has two full columns of text and thre e columns of eigh t inches in leng th, thus leaving room at the top of the sheet between the two outside col­ umns for an e ngrav ing of the “ Massacre ”

by Paul Revere. In the last column are four rude engravings of coffins which are initial ed, above a skull and crossbones S. G. S. M. J. c. and C. J. A. respectively. At the end o f the last column is a short parag raph dated Mar ch 19th, in whi ch is also an engravi ng of a coffin in­ scribed with the letters j P. C. ] above a skull and crossbones. Thi s paragrap h an­ nounces the death of P atric k Carr which occurr ed the precedi ng Wednesday.

After a careful examinat ion and a com85

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parison of this engravi ng with an un­ doubted Revere “ Boston Ma ssacre ” I am unable to decide for or against its auth en­ ticity, but to all appearances this sheet contains an impression from Rever e’s or­ iginal copper-pla te. If this be so, it m ust be one of the 200 impressions for pri nt­ ing whic h the charge of five pounds ster­ ling to Edes & Gill is made in Revere ’s Day-book, as shown in Mr . Goss’s fac­ simile of the page conta ining the entry ; and here we have also the five coffings, for which , by the same token, Revere charge d the afore-men tioned firm the sum of six shillings. Tw o of the statemen ts here set forth impress us as so mewha t remar kable.

First, the modesty o f Re vere’s charges and secondly th e celerity of his performances , for if th e date ascribed to the entry in his Day-bo ok is corre ct, he req uired only four days in whi ch to engrave and prin t his plate of the Boston Massacre, the first impressions from whi ch, it is also natural 86

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to conclude, must have been those sup­ plied to Messrs. Edes & Gill to illustrate this broadside.

Th e coppe r-plate of th e Boston Massa­ cre, minus the inscriptions, and with the en­ graving upon the back of three pieces of Massachusetts Bay Colony Money of the denom inatio ns of ten, twe lve and eightee n shillings , is now in possession of the State of Massachusetts, presented to the Com­ mon weal th, I am inform ed, by t he Revere family at the time of the Centen nial Cel­ ebratio n of the Battles of Lexing ton and Conco rd. At about this time, some one interest ed in the matte r, obtained temp o­ rary possession of the plate, and had a n um­ ber of impressions taken from it. Whe n this fact was discovered by the authoriti es they recalled the plate, whi ch, we are as­ sured, has ever since been kept under lock and key, in the vaults of the State Trea s­ urer, and fu rthe rmo re, it is announced that the plate has been mutila ted by a scratch 87

PAUL REVERE

across its face, so that no more impressions from it can possibly be taken.

The re are other versions o f the story of the manner in whi ch these restrikes were obtained by the dealers in prints, but the rumors all agree that the num ber of impressions which at this time were taken from the original plates o f both the “ Mas­ sacre ” and the “ No rth Ba tte ry ” n umber ed only ten or twelve, and tha t ther e cannot be, of that particula r edition, more than that limited numbe r of copies in circu la­ tion, but this is n ot the entire conclusion of the matter. To j udge from the paper, which is old W hatm an laid, wi th a wat er mark of a fleur-de-lis surmou nted by a crown and the letters <0. IS. upon whic h the copies of the “ Mass acre” plate and the “ Ships of War landing Troo ps,” in the Bostonian Society, are printed , they would appear to have been taken before the beginn ing of the year 1800, while Revere was still living. Th e plate of the 88

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“ Land ing of Tr oo ps ” is cut down, as we find it in the restrikes of the Centennial period, and the “ Massa cre” plate has been unskillfully retouc hed, apparently by an­ othe r hand than that o f Revere. Th e prob­ able solution of this enigma is, however, that the prin ter of these copies obtained some sheets of old account book paper and that these engravings were printe d at a muc h later period than they appear to be, but wh eth er at an earlier or later date than those struck off at the time of the Cen tenni al I am unable to say. Her e at all events is anot her pitfall for the feet of the unwary collecto r.

To judg e from the manner in which Rever e’s copper- plates were so frequent ly sawn asunder and made to serve a double purpose, t hat duc tile metal must have been as scarce in Massachusetts durin g th e Revo­ lution ary Wa r as we are told that i t was in New South Wales fifty years later, when in the whole Colony it was found impos89

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sible to procur e a single plate of copper fit for engraving upon, and the artist was, in consequence, forced to conte nt hims elf with the common sheet of copper whic h is employed for the coppe ring of ships, but that was before the days of the won­ derful Calumet and Hecla Min e, now the pride of the Tow n of Boston.

CHAP TER V

H E im me di ate re sul t of the Ki ng Str eet mass acre was th e rem oval of th e Bri tish troo ps fro m the tow n of Bost on to Cas tle Isla nd in the H ar bo r. Am on g th e “ Songs and Ballads of th e Am eri ca n Re vo lut ion ” gat he red to ge th er and pub lish ed by Fr an k Mo ore (N ew Yo rk, 185 6) is th e fol low ing str ing of verses en tit led “ A N ew Song 17 70 .”

In a no te pre fixe d to thes e wr etc he d dog ger el rhy me s, it is stat ed th at the y ap­ pea red in a bro ads ide a sho rt tim e afte r th e mass acre of t he fifth of M ar ch , 1770, as a “ new song ” “ m uc h in vog ue am ong th e frie nds to ar bit ra ry powe r and th e 91

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soldiery at Castle Island (where it was composed), since the troops have evacu­ ated the town of Boston.”

Ca stl e 3s la nb £>ong g o u sim ple îlBoston ians, 3 ’° tjabe pou betoare, <©f pour iLibertp (Tree, 3 tooulb tjatoe pou ta ke care, 5for i f tljat toe c bance to re tu rn to tlje toto n, îpour Ijouses an b sto res toill come t um bl in g boton , 2Derrp bo ton, b oton, tjep berrp boto n.

3]f pou toill not agre e to olb C ng la nb ’s lat os, 31 fear tfjat ikin g Hancock toill soo n get tlje ya ws : 115ut lie neeb not fear, for 3 ôtoea r toe toill, ƒ or tbe toa nt of a boctor gibe tjim a Ijarb p ill. a brabe re infor cem ent toe s oon hope to get ; Cl jcn toe t oill make pou poor p um pk in s to stoe at : <©ur br um s tljep’ll r attl e, anb then pou toill ru n C o tlje bebil t jims elf from tlje si gtj t of a gu n. <©ur fleet anb our arm p, ttjep s oon toill a rribe , Œljen to a bleak isla nb, pou sljall n ot u s bribe.

3 n eberp Ijo use, pou sljall tjabe ttjree or four 8 n b if ttj at toill no t please p ou, pou sljall tjabe tjalf a score De rrp boton , boton , tjep berrp boto n.

Affixed to this choice example of barrack- room braggado cio is the following 92

, 'i

'

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note giving an account of the Massacre of thefif th of March and the funeral of the victims : “ Tw o regimen ts of British troops un­ der co mmand of Colonels Dalry mple and Carr, arrived at Boston in the month of September, 1768. Th e people of Boston desired that they should be stationed at the C astl e, but ‘th ey landed with all the appearanc e of hostility ! ’ The y march ed thro ugh the town with all the ensigns of triu mp h, evidently designed to subject the inhab itants to the severe disci­ pline of a garrison, and continu ed their enorm ities by abusing the people. On the second day of Mar ch 1770, a quarrel arose between two soldiers of the 29th Reg ime nt and the wor kme n at a rope walk not far distant from the barracks.

Th e soldiers being repulsed soon made anot her attack , having increased thei r numb er to ten or twelve, but these were also successfully resisted. In consequence 95

PAUL REVERE

of these qua rrels the soldiery declar ed they would be avenged. Th e fo llowin g accou nt of thei r proceeding s is taken from 'The Boston Chronicle o f Mar ch 8, 177°- ‘Last Monday about 9 o’clock at nig ht a most unfortu nate affair happen ed in King Street. Th e sentinel posted at the Cus­ tom House being surrou nded by a num ­ ber of people, called to the main guard , upon whic h Captain Preston , wit h a party, went to his assistance, soon after which some of the party fired, by whi ch the following persons were killed . Sam­ uel Gray, rope make r, a mula tto man, named Attucks, and Mr. James Caldwel l.

Early the next morn ing Capta in Preston was comm itted to jail, and the same day eigh t soldiers. A meet ing of the inha bi­ tants was called at Fane uil Hal l that fore­ noon, and the lieute nant- gove rnor and council met at the council chamb er, wher e the Colonels, Dalry mple and Carr were desired to attend , when it was con96

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eluded upon, that both regim ents should go down to the barracks at Castle W il­ liam as soon as they were r eady to receive them . “ ‘ T he funeral of the victims of the massacre was attend ed the 8th of Mar ch.

On this occasion the shops of the town were closed, and all the bells w ere ordered to be tolled, as w ere those of the nei gh­ borin g towns. Th e procession began to move betwee n 4 and 5 o’clock p .m ., the bodies of the two strangers , Caldwell and Attuc ks, being borne from Fane uil Hal l, and those of the othe r victims from the residence of thei r families, the hearses meet ing in Kin g Street, near the scene of the tragedy, and passing thr oug h the main street, to the buri al-g roun d, whe re the bodies were all deposited in one vault.

Patr ick Carr, who was wound ed in the affair, died on the 14th, and was buried on the 17th, in the same vault wit h his murd ered associates.’ ” 97

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Th e manu script plan of Ki ng Street and vicinity , the scene o f t he Boston massacre, made by Revere— whi ch was used at the trial of Captain Preston and his soldiers, “ for the mu rde r of Crispus Attu cks and others Mar ch 5, 177 0,” held the follow ­ ing Octob er and Nove mber , in the old State House *— is now deposited in the Boston Public Libr ary, mou nted on the south wall of the Roo m for Youn ger Readers. It forms a part of th e rem ark ­ ably ri ch Cham berla in colle ction of aut o­ graphs, historica l docum ents, port raits a nd engravings relati ng to early Am eric an Castle William by Boston in Ne w Eng­ land (afterwards named Fo rt Ind epe nd­ ence), on Castle Island, to wh ich the British soldiers were removed , was built

by CoLLONELL R oMER A . D . 1 7 2 4 B Y O rder of th e G eneral A ssembly, as we are info rme d by the inscri ption on * Old State House Memorial, Boston , 1882.

98

PAUL REVERE'S PLAN OF THE SC ENE OF THE BOSTON M AS SA CR E, USED AT TH E TR IA L OF CAPT . PR ES TO N AND SO LD IE RS . o

f

m a i <SX /. 2 /i

CX3 -X?

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a co pper-pla te engravin g whic h was prob­ ably executed short ly after the fort was built. Th is prin t, whi ch is here repro ­ duced, measures 12 x 12% inches. Th e only copy of it tha t I have ever seen or heard mentio ned, is the one whi ch has been in my own possession more than thir ty years. Th ere is a much smaller engravi ng of C astle W illia m in the “Mas­ sachusetts M agaz ine,” 1789, an exact copy of whi ch, or an impression from the same plate, also appears in the “ New York Ma gaz ine ” for Octo ber, 1796.

Wh en the British left Castle Will iam they brok e off the trunn ions of the can­ non, an act of petty spite similar to and as ineffectual as the one in whi ch tradi ­ tion says tha t Kin g Geo rge’s troops in­ dulged prior to the ir evacuation of our own city o f Ne w York, w hen they greased the flag-pole on the Battery and cut the halyards. Before the British fleet had passed out the Narro ws, the damage had IO I

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been repaired, and the flag of the new­ born Repu blic was floating trium pha ntly in the breeze. Th e trunn ions of the cannon at Castle Wil liam were restored wit h al­ most equal facilit y and promp tness thro ugh the ingenu ity of Paul Revere.

CHAPTER VI

H E anniversary of the tragedy of the 5th of Mar ch, 1770, was com mem orate d by th e people of Boston until the close of the Revolu tion­ ary War . Th e prin ted “ O rations ” de­ livered on these occasions by some of the most disting uished sons of the State of Massachusetts are natur ally objects of in ­ terest to the colle ctor of books and prints relati ng to our Revol ution ary history. It has now bec ome a difficult mat ter to gath er toge ther a comp lete set of these orations in the origin al editions. Th e collecti on of Mr. J oh n A. Rice of C hicago , sold in 1870, lacked only thre e number s— the 103

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years 1778, 1779, and 1780— of a com­ plete set. Th e Boston Massacre Oration s were published collectiv ely by Pete r Edes, State Street, Boston, i n [178 5]. A second edition was issued in 1807 by Wm . T. Clap of the same city.

Th e successive speakers on these comm emora tive occasions, were Tho mas Young, James Lovell, Benjam in Ch urc h, Joh n Han cock , Jose ph Wa rren , Pete r Tha che r, Benjamin Hi ch bo rn, Jon ath an W. Austin, W illia m T udo r, J ona tha n Ma ­ son, Thom as Dawes, Georg e R. Mi not , and Thom as Wel sh— thir tee n in all.

Th e first copy made of Reve re’s en­ graving of the “ Bo ston Massacre ” is the one whi ch forms the front ispiec e to the Official “ Short nar rati ve of the hor rid Massacre in BO ST ON pe rp et ra te d in the evening of the Fif th Day of Mar ch 1770, by soldiers of the XX IX Regi ment .

(Octavo). Prin ted by Orde r of the Tow n 104

O R A T IO N , D E L IV E R E D

M A R C H

F if t h , 1773.

AT

REQ U EST

OF

TOW N

T H E

THE

IN H A B IT A N T S

OF

T H E

of

B O S T O N ; T

O

C O M M E M O R A T E the b l o o d y T R A G E D Y OF T H E F if t h

of

M A R C H , 1770 .

ISS Un MH MR MM M»

D r . BENJA MIN CHURCH. Im pi us haec cu lt a n o v a li a mil es h a b eb it ?

îïarbciriis ha s fe ge te s ? En quo di lco rd ia civ es pe rd ux it mi fer os ? E u que ls co nfe vû nu s agros ?

V ir g il . E cL

o soo n

O paffi gra vio ra, da bi t De us hi s quo que fîn ein

i

.

î

----- revocate animos, ruæûumque timorem mittite , forla n et Iiæc olim nieminifle juvab it.

V ir g il , Æn e. r.

—

« n u w a ir a n

a M W

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P ri n te d -and So ld at t h e N ew P r in t in g -O f f ic e , î w H an ov er -St r r e t n ea r C o n c e r t -H a l l .

M,DC C,LX Xni»

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of BOST ON, and sold by E des & G ill in Queen-Street and T. & J. Fleet in Cornh ill, 1770.”

This engraving has no inscription at the top and measures only 4% xó^s inches, includin g the inscript ion below the en­ graving, whic h reads thus : “ The massacre perpetrated in King Street, Boston on March 5, 1770, in which Messrs.

Sam'. Gray, Sam'. Maverick, James Cald­ well, Crispus Attucks, Patrick Carr were Killed, six others Wounded, two of them Mortally.”

It is n ot improb able that this engrav­ ing is t he hand iwor k of Paul Revere, but it cannot be identified as such.

Thi s “ Short Na rra tiv e” of Edes & Gill was reprin ted the same year by W. Bingley in New gate Street, London, and it has for a frontispiece a copy of the Massacre 8 ^ x 9 inches in size, exclusive of the top and botto m inscriptions. It 107

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is therefo re about the same widt h, but over an inch taller than Rever e’s original engraving, the additiona l hei ght being simply an addition to the blank paper in the sky of the pictu re, so th at the prin t it­ self is virtually of the same dimens ions as the original and was doubtless inten ded to be a fac-simile of it.

On this eng raving the inscripti ons whic h appear on the original plate are re-a rran ­ ged and slightly amplified as follows : AT TO P

“T

he

F r u it s

of

A r b it r a r y P o w e r ;

or the BLO ODY MA SSA CRE ,” and so on as in the origina l, followed by the names of the killed and wounde d.

AT

FOO T

Th e verses are the same as i n the en­ graving by Revere himself, wit h the two follow ing bib lical quotatio ns added, one of whi ch is surm ounted by a skull and crossbones with in a wrea th, the other by a L ib108

I

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P a sn ? jW av er ie /c -. Jè u n tJ C aP e/ w eP /, C r ij ji u J s i ((77e /7 e

P a tr ie /o Pa rr w er e ]& // & /. dte r o t/ ie r J J io i/ J is /e s/ tw o o f t/i es n yj fo rt e7 // y. '/*,

/ /e e ' ^ f o j / o / s f ' i / t /<017 0 / e /t e /> Z

t ft t/ f 7‘0.

i

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erty cap in clouds, f rom whi ch issue forks of ligh tnin g and two broke n swords. “ Ho w long fhall they utt er and fpeak hard things ? and all the Wo rke rs of I n­ iquity boas t themfelves?

Th ey break in pieces thy People O L ord and af­ flict thin e He rita ge. ” Ps. xciv, 4, 5.

“ Th ey flay th e W ido w and t he Stran ger and mur ­ der the Fath erles s. Ye t they fay, T he L ord fhall not fee: nei the r fhall the God of Jacob regard it.”

Ps. xciv, 6, 7.

Pri nte d for and fold by W. Bingley in Newga te Street. Price 6d.

I have seen copies of this prin t that bore only the two devices above described, wit hou t the scrip tural quotations. It is difficult to follow all the changes and modificatio ns to whi ch not only Revere’s “ Boston Massacr e,” but many othe r early engravings, Engl ish and Ameri can, relat ­ ing to the histor y of our countr y, have been subjected in the passage of time.

Edes & Gil l’s “ Short Na rra tiv e” was also repr inted for E. and C. Dilly and J. Almo n, Lond on, 1770 (8vo, pp. 166).

Th e engravin g of the “ Mas sacr e” in this 111

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edition is an exact reprod uction of the print , and of the inscrip tion, as it appears in the Edes & Gill Boston edition.

The Massachusetts Calendar or an A l­ manacfo r The Tear o f our Lo rd l f / 2 . By Philomathes. Publish ed by Isaiah Thom as, Boston, * contains a wood cut copy of the “ Massacre ” 4% x 3% inches in size w ith the heading “ T he Boston Massacre per­ petrated on Mar ch the 5 th, 177 0,” and the followin g verses at the foot : W hi le IBritons; to to ttjiö ôt en t toitl) consfciousf öreab &nb pap ttje laaft öaü tri bu te to tlje beau 5 W lj at tljouglj dje sfljaftaf of fustic e fa intl p gle am , &nt> erm in’û misfereants; ri to u le tlje ôt en t ; jlîe ’er l et one breaôt tïje generous; sig h Disclaim <©r cease to boto at Tre eûo m’s ballo to’û fan e; ê>till toitb tlje tho ug ht let Ta m e’s louû clarion stoe ll &nû Ta te to ûi st an t times; the apur ûer tell.

Th is is evidently the same woodcu t * The re is a copy of this Almanac in the Lenox Library bought at the Brinley Sale.

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which was used by Isaiah Thom as in a large broadside pub lished by him in 1771, where it appears in the upper left-han d corner. A copy of this rude engraving, somewhat enlarged, will be found on the lining paper of the cover of this book.

I have in my possession anot her copy of this noted engravin g by Colonel Paul Revere. It is o f t he same size as the one whic h supplies the frontispie ce to Edes & Gil l’s “ Short Nar rativ e,” and it bears the same ins criptio n, but differently capi­ talized, the capital letters in the words Killed, Wou nded , Mort ally, in th e Edes & Gill prin t being reduced to small capi­ tals. Th is prin t is, however, wit hou t the little dog,— standing composedly in the foregr ound of the pictu re appare ntly quite indifferent to his unusual surroun dings,— whi ch appears in Rever e’s original en­ graving, and in all the othe r copies that have fallen under my observation. Thi s engraving, probably, forme d the frontis 113

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piece to a third Londo n repr int of the “ N arrat ive,” for Just in Wins or states in his “ Narrat ive and Critic al His tory ,” that it was reprin ted in Lond on in three edi­ tions in the same year.

Still ano ther copy of the “ Boston Mas­ sacre ” came into my hands a few years ago, whic h is of the same size as t he orig­ inal, and colored in imit ation of it, appar ­ ently, by hand. It has th e same l ette ring at th e top, but none at the foot excep t the words in the margi n of the pri nt “ En­ graved, Printed, and Sold by Pau l Revere.”

It closely resembles the origin al, but has a decidedly modern appearanc e, and the engraving shows a few cross-ha tchings where none exist in Reve re’s engravin g.

It is, doubtless, a re-engra ved copy.

A prin t in the Leno x Libr ary (Em met Colle ction) , resembles the one above de­ scribed, except tha t it is uncolor ed, and it has the same inscr iption benea th tha t we find in Rever e’s origina l engravin g with 114

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the addition of the words “ copy righ t secured.” Th ere did exist anoth er line, whic h has been carefully erased, but ap­ pears to have borne the date of 1832. I have arrived at the conclusion tha t this print and the one described in the pre­ ceding paragr aph are identica l, and that in both cases ther e has been an a ttem pt to deceive and foist them off as original im­ pressions of the engravi ng by Paul Re­ vere. I am also inclin ed to believe that both these prints are from the same plate as the uncolored copy of the “ Massacre ” in the possession of Mr. Charles A. M unn, of this city, and the colored one in the Bostonian Society, both of whic h have upon them the follow ing lette ring : Copy R ig h t Secur ed Boston (Fac-S imile') Rep ubl ish ed at / 5 W at er Stre et 18 32

Anot her rep rint of the “ Massacre,” I learn by hearsay, was publishe d in New ­ buryp ort, Mass., about the year 1830, "5

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and still anoth er in Salem, Mass., about 1838. In the New bur ypo rt plate, I un­ derstand the name Revere is taken out, and tha t of Milliki n inserted and there are slight variations from the origin al in the letter ing of the inscript ions — the substitution of ye for the, etc. Th er e ap­ pear therefo re to have been thre e early nine teent h-cen tury re-eng raving s of this famous print.

Th e Boston fac-simile , whic h is t he only one tha t I have seen, is a remarkably faithful copy of the origin al.

So well executed is it, that , whe n colored by hand, as is frequ ently the case, it is only the sound and clean cond ition that copies of it generall y present, tha t at first sight arouses a suspicion of the ir genu ine­ ness. Copies o f these early “fa cs im ile s” do not of course compare in value with the original impressions from Revere’s own copper- plate, still, strange as it may appear, some of them seem to be of equal, if not g reater rarity. A long summer d ay’s HÓ

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careful search in Boston and Salem, Mass., recently made by Mr. Joh n P. Woo dbur y and the writer , failed to b ring to l igh t any of these copies save the one published at i 5 Wat er Street, Boston, anoth er impres­ sion of whic h was found in the rooms of the New Engl and Hist oric Genealogical Society, 18 Bullfinch Street, Boston.

Of mo dern reprin ts of the “ Massac re” ther e have been a numb er, the first, I u n­ derstand, to be the one in Joh n Dogg ett, J r ’s., rep rint of the “ Short Nar rativ e,” wit h notes and illustrati ons, New York, 1849. Th e next copy tha t I find is the one whi ch fronts the title-p age in the “ Hist ory of the Boston Massacre,” by Fred eric Kidd er, prin ted by Joel Mun sell, Albany, 1870.

Th is is a pho to­ lith ogra phic copy of the prin t 5 ^ x 4 inches in size.

It is without the dog.

Th is pho to-l itho grap hic prin t supplies t he frontisp iece to the copy of Mr. Kid der’s book in the Leno x Libr ary, but singularly 117

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the copy of the same book in the New York Histor ical Society does not contain it, but has instead “ A Ne w and Accurate Plan o f the Tow n of Boston in N ew E ng­ land.” Th e Mem orial of the Re-de dica­ tion of the Old State House, Boston, July i i , 1882, also contains, at page 82 a process plate repr oduc tion of “ T he State Street Massacre.” Doubtless a n um­ ber of other similar cheaply made copies are extant, but when we find ourselves among the photo this, and phot o that , reproductio ns of early Amer ican engrav­ ings it is ti me to call a halt.

Ho w many impressions of the “ Mas­ sacre” plate besides the two hundr ed copies furnished to Messrs. Edes & Gill, were originall y printe d and sold by Revere, we have no means of know ing, but, takin g into account t he general and p rofound in­ terest in the tragic occurr ence whi ch the pictu re portrays— albeit in its own crude and ungain ly fashion— it is reasonable to ns

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presume that at least as many copies of it as were supplied to this prom inen t firm of Boston book-sellers and publishers, were issued by Revere as prints for frami ng p ur­ poses. Of these not many more than a bake r’s dozen appear, so far, to have es­ caped the vicissitudes to w hich books and prints are heir. Those that I am able at this present writ ing to trace are deposited in the follow ing named Public Libraries, Societies and private collecti ons: One in the Bostonian Society, in the Old State House, where , with oth er relics of Colonial times in china, arms, equip ­ ments, old silver, and Fra nkl in’s prin ting press, it overlooks the very spot, now marke d by a circle in the block pave­ ment, wher e the massacre occurre d.* Thi s copy of the “ Massacre” has an * In 1896 th e Bost onia n Societ y erect ed a bronz e tablet on the corn er of the Me rch an ts’ Nat ion al Ban k Bui ldin g at Ex ­ chan ge and Stat e Street s, bea rin g t his ins crip tion : “ OPPOSITE THIS SPOT /

WAS SHED THE

FIRST

OF T HE AMERICAN REVOLUTION / MARCH 5T H, 1 7 7 O .”

II9

BLOOD /

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It was a gift from interestin g history.

Eliza Susan Quinc y of Boston— Septem­ ber 29, 1882— the year that the Boston­ ian Society was founded, and bears the following inscriptions on the back of the frame : “ Given in 1825 to Josi ah Qu inc y, (17 72 -18 64 ) by his a unt, Mrs. Storer , sister of Jos iah Qu inc y, Jr ., who defend ed Cap t. Pr es to n.”

“ The crown on the wa ter ma rk o f this 'paper is reversed. W as this acciden tal or an inten ded slight by Pa ul Re ve re, the eng rave r a nd prin te r? ” “ Th is p ri nt wa s g ive n to Jos iah Quin cy, 18 25 , by his aunt M rs . Ha nna h Stor er, soon aft er the publicat ion of her brot her Josi ah Quin cy, Jr ?s L if e by his son?'

Josia h Quincy, J r. , /7 7 0 , wa s applied to by Captain Prest on to take part o f his counsel im­ mediately before Joh n A da m s wa s sent fo r.

Signed E liz a Susan Quinc y, 5 P ar k St. , Boston, M eh . 5, 187 0.

Oth er copies of the “ Massacre,” of the 120

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existence of whi ch I am creditably in­ formed are as follows: Tw o copies in possession of Za cha ry T . Holl ings­ wor th, Boston .

Tw o copies in possession of the Est ate of Fred erick W . Fre nch , Bost on.* On e copy in possession of G. R. Bar rett of Boston.

T w o copies in possession of th e E ssex Ins titu te, Salem. u

•“

“

“

“

u

Ma ssac huse tts His tori ­ cal Society.

* B O ST O N M A SS A C R E, BY P A U L RE VE RE 128 B oston Mass acre. T h e Blo ody Mass acre perp etra ted in K in g Stre et, Bos ton, on Ma rch 5th, 1770, by a par ty of the 29 th Re gt. En gra v’ d, Pri nte d & Sold by Paul Reve re, Bos ton . In con tem por ary fra me.

A n O rigina l C olored engraving by P aul Revere.

W ith the following identification on the back:

“ Th is repres entatio n o f the King (no w State) Street Mas sacr e, is an ori gin al an d w a s en gr av ed a nd print ed

by P aul Rev ere . “ I t came into my possession fr om my fat her , Thom as Jones Lee, w ho die d in 1836, an d p rev iou sly belonged to h is fa th er , Rev . Joseph Lee, o f Royalston, Ma ss. , wh o die d in 18 19 .— Thos. J . Lee, Ju ne , 18 32 ."

T he above is the des crip tion in the sale cata logu e of one of the copies form erly own ed by Mr . Fre nch .

Th is impression sold at the sale of his libr ary in Ap ril, 1901 , for $8 00— a rem ark abl e adva nce over the previo us priva te sale of a copy for $30 0. T he rem aini ng copy form erly ow ned by M r. Fre nch is still, I am tol d, in the possession o f t he family .

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On e copy in possession of He nry C. En o, N . Y.

u u U U (.(.

(A

u

“ E. Dw igh t Ch urc h, N. Y.

u u u

“ Edw in B. Hol den , N. Y. “ R. T . H. Hals ey, N. Y. “ W m . L. And rew s, N. Y.

and a copy whi ch was sold some two or three years a go, in Phil ade lphi a for, as it was reported, the sum of $350 . Th ere may be, and probably are, oth er copies in existence, tha t have as yet evaded the wide-spread s earch o f t he lynx-e yed p rin thun ter; so that the engrav ing of the “ Boston Massa cre” by Paul Revere can­ not be deemed a very ra re prin t ; but if we take int o conside ration the his toric inte rest of the subject, and the nationa l repu tatio n of the engraver as one of the heroi c and roman tic figures of his time , it may, I thin k, wit h justic e be regard ed as one of the most imp orta nt and valuable prints, from an Ameri can coll ecto r’s point of view, tha t has been left us as an herita ge from the past.

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It is apparen t that — with the possible exception of the portraits of Th e Ho nor ­ able Joh n Hanc ock, Esqr., and Mr. Samuel Adams— the illustrations contr ibuted by Revere to “ The Roy al Amer ican Ma ga ­ zin e,” and to Captain Coo k’s Voyages, are no more nor less than copies of earlier prints. Th e question as to whic h, if any, of Reve re’s othe r engravings— including the Boston Massacre— are from his own designs or are copied after drawings by Christi an R emi ck, He nry Pelha m or some nameless and forg otten dra ughtsma n of that age, is a kno tty poin t whic h I leave to a future w rite r on the subject to pu zzle over and dete rmin e at his leisure.

In concl usion I desire gratefu lly to ackno wledg e my indebt edness to the book and print -col lecto rs not a few, w ho have so kindl y placed the treasures of the ir cabinets at my disposal and rende red me othe r welco me and valuable assistance, and last bu t not least, I have to than k the type 123

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and plate printers, the designers and the engravers who have collabora ted with me in the maki ng of this book wit h the â&#x20AC;&#x153; care and ho nest pai nsâ&#x20AC;? whi ch only those can exercise who are truly enamou red of their art. I trust tha t the reader who scans these pages may experien ce at least a moiety o f the pleasure whi ch has come to the write r of th em thro ugh the feeling of good fellowship engend ered among , and the hearty interest manifested by, all who have had a part in the produ ction o f this modest, and I am conscious i mper fect essay upon Pau l Revere and his Png raving.

L E T T E R FR OM COL . P A U L R E P E R E FR OM T H E M A SS A C H U SE T T S H IS T O R IC A L SO CI ET Y C O LL EC TI O N S

Boston, J anu ary i, 1798.

N the fall of 1774 and winter of 1775 I was one of u pwards of t hirty , chiefly mechanics , who formed ourselves into a comm ittee for the purpo se of watch­ ing the mov emen ts of the British soldiers and gaining every intellige nce of the movem ents of the Tor ies. W e h eld o ur me etings at the Green Dra gon taver n. W e were so careful tha t our meetings sho uld be ke pt secret tha t every time we m et every perso n swore upo n the Bible tha t they would not discover any o f our transaction s, but to Mes srs. Ha nco ck, Adam s, Docto rs Wa rre n, Chur ch, and one or two more.

Ab out Nov em ber , when thing s began to grow seri ous, a g entle man who had connection s with the To ry par ty, bu t was a Wh ig at heart, 127

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acquainte d me tha t our meetings were discov­ ered, and ment ione d the identical words tha t were spoke n among us the nigh t before. We did not then distr ust Dr. Chu rch, but suppo sed it must be someone amon g us. We remov ed to anot her place, which we tho ug ht was more secure ; but here we found tha t all our transa c­ tions were commu nicated to Gov erno r Gage.

(Th is came to me thr oug h the then Secretary Fluc ker ; he told it to th e g entle man m entio ned above.) It was then a comm on opin ion tha t there was a trait or in the Provi ncial Congre ss, and tha t Gage was possessed of all thei r secrets.

(Chu rch was a memb er of tha t Congres s for Boston.) In the winter, towards the sprin g, we frequent ly t ook turn s, two and two, to watch the soldiers by patro lling the streets all night.

Th e Saturday nigh t prec eding the 19th of Ap ril, about twelve o’clock at nigh t, th e boats belo ng­ ing to the tran spor ts were all launc hed and carried und er the sterns of the men-of-war.

(Th ey had been prev iousl y haule d up and re­ paired.) W e likewise found tha t the grenadiers and light infan try were all take n off du ty.

Fro m these move ment s we expected that some thing serious was to be transact ed. On 128

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Tue sda y evening, the i 8th, it was obser ved th at a num ber of s oldiers were marchi ng towards the botto m of the Comm on. Ab out ten o’clock Dr. Wa rren sent in great haste for me and begged that I would immed iately set off for Lexi ngto n, where Messr s. Ha nco ck a nd Ad ams were, and acquain t them of the move ment , and tha t it was tho ug ht they were the objects.

Wh en I got to Dr. W ar ren ’s house I found he had sent an express by land to Lex ingt on— a Mr. Willi am Dawes. Th e Sunday before, by desire o f Dr. Wa rre n, I had been to Lexin gton, to Mess rs. Ha nc oc k and Adam s, who were at the Rev. M r. Cla rk’s. I retu rned at night thro ugh Charl estow n ; there I agreed with a Colonel Con ant and some othe r gentlem en tha t if t he British went out by water, we would show two lante rns in the nor th church steeple ; and if by land, one, as a signal ; for we were appr ehen sive it would be difficult to cross the Charles Rive r or get over Boston Nec k. I left Dr. Wa rre n, called upo n a friend, and desired him to make the signals. I then went home, too k my boots and sur tou t, went to the nort h par t of the town, where I had ke pt a boat ; two friends rowed me across Charles Rive r, a l ittle 129

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to the eastward, where the Somers et man-of-war lay. It was then youn g flood, the ship was winding, and the moon was rising. Th ey la nded me on the Charlesto wn side. Wh en I got into town I met Colonel Con ant and several othe rs ; they said they had seen our signals. I told them what was acting, and went to get me a horse ; I got a horse o f D eacon Lar kin. Wh ile the horse was prepa ring, Rich ard Dev ens , Esq ., who was one of the Com mitte e of Safety, came to me and told me tha t he came down the road from Lexin gton after sundo wn tha t even ing ; tha t he met ten British officers, all well m oun ted and armed, going up the road.

I set off* upon a very good horse ; it was then about 11 oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;clock, and very pleasant.

After I had passed Charle stown neck, and got nearly opposi te where M ar k was h ung in ch ains, I saw two men on horse back, und er a tree.

Wh en I got near them , I discov ered they were British officers. One tried to get ahead of me, and the oth er to take me. I turne d my horse very quick, and gallop ed towar ds Charlestow n neck, and then pus hed for the Me dfo rd road.

Th e one who chased me, endea voring to cut me off, got into a clay pond , near where the 130

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new tavern is now b uilt. I got clear of him, and went thro ugh Med ford , over the bridge, and up to Men otom y. In Med ford , I awaked the Captain of the minut e men ; and after that, I alarmed a lmost every house, till I got to Lexi ng­ ton. I found Messr s. Ha nco ck and Adams at the Rev. Mr . Cla rk’s ; I told them my errand , and inqui red for Mr . Dawes ; they said he had not been the re ; I related th e sto ry of the two of­ ficers, and supp osed tha t he mus t have been stop ped, as he oug ht to have been there before me. Afte r I had been there ab out half an hour, Mr . Dawes came ; we r efreshed ourselves, and set off for Conc ord to secure the stores, etc., there. W e were ove rtak en by a yo ung Dr. Pres ­ cott, w hom we f ound to be a high son of liberty.

I told the m of t he ten officers tha t M r. Devens met, and tha t it was proba ble we migh t be stop ped before we got to Concord ; for I sup­ posed tha t after nig ht they divided themselves , and tha t two of them had fixed themselv es in such passages as were m ost likely to s top any in ­ telligence going to Conc ord. I likewise men­ tioned tha t we h ad bett er alarm all the inha bit­ ants till we go t to Concor d ; the youn g docto r much app rov ed of it, and said he would stop 131

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with either of us, for the people between that and Concord knew him, and would give the more credit to what we said. W e had got nearly half way ; Mr . Dawes and the Doc tor stopp ed to alarm the people of a house ; I was about one hun dred rods ahead when I saw two men, in nearly the same situat ion as those officers were, near Charles town. I called for the Doct or and Mr . Dawes to come up ; in an instan t I was surr oun ded by fourâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; they had placed themselves in a stra igh t road, tha t in­ clined each way ; they had take n down a pair of bars on the nort h side of the road, and two of them were und er a tree in the pastu re. Th e Doct or being foremost, he came up ; and we tried to get past them, but they being armed with pistols an d swords, they forced us into the pastu re; the Doc tor jum pe d his horse over a low stone wall, and g ot to Conco rd. I o bserve d a wood at a small distance, and made for that.

Wh en I got there , out started six officers on horsebac k, and order ed me to dism oun t ; one of them , who appe ared to have comm and, ex­ amined me where I came from and what my name was. I t old him. H e asked me if I was an express . I answered in the affirmative. H e 132

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demanded what time I left Boston. I told him, and added that their troops had ca tched agrou nd in passing the river, and that there would be five hund red Americans there in a shor t time, for I had alarmed the coun try all the way up.

He immedia tely rod e towards those who stopp ed us, when all five of them came down upon a full gallop ; one of them whom I afterwards found to be a Maj or Mitc hell, of the 5th Regi­ ment, clappe d his pistol to my head, called me by name, and told me he was going to ask me some questi ons, and if I did not give him true answers, he would blow my brains out. He then asked me similar question s to those above.

H e then orde red me to mo unt my horse, after searchin g me for arms. H e then ordere d them to advance, and to lead me in front. Wh en we got to the road, they turn ed down towards Lexi ngto n. Wh en we go t abou t one mile, the Ma jor rode up to the officer tha t was leading me, and told him to give me to the Sergeant.

As soon as he too k me, the Ma jor order ed him, if I atte mp ted to run, or anyb ody insulte d them , to blow my brains out. W e rode till we got near Lex ingt on meet ing-h ouse, where the militia fired a volley of guns , which ap133

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peared to alarm them very much. Th e Majo r inquir ed of me how far it was to Cambridg e, and if there were any othe r road. Afte r some consulta tion, the Majo r rode up to the Ser­ geant and asked if his horse was tired. H e answered him he was—(he was a Sergean t of Grenadiers , and had a s mall horse )— then , said he, take that man ’s horse. I dism ount ed, and the Sergeant mou nted my horse, when they all rode towards Lexi ngto n meeti ng-ho use. I went across the bury ing gro und and some pas­ tures, and came to the Rev. Mr . Cla rk’s house, where I found Messrs. Ha nco ck and Adams .

I told them of my trea tmen t, and they con­ cluded to go from tha t house towards W ob ur n.

I went with them, and a Mr . Lowell, who was a clerk to Mr. Han coc k. W he n we got to the house where they inten ded to stop, M r. Lowell and mysel f retu rned to M r. Cla rk’s, to find what was going on. W he n we got there, an elderly man came in ; he said he had j us t come from the taver n, tha t a man had come from Boston, who said there were no British troop s coming. M r. Lowell and mys elf we nt towards the taver n, when we met a man on a full gallop, who told us the troo ps were coming up the I 34

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road. We afterwards met anot her who said they were close by. Mr . Lowell asked me to go to the taver n with him to get a tru nk of papers belongi ng to Mr . Han coc k. We went up chambe r ; and while we were getti ng the tru nk , we saw the British very near, upon a full march. We hurr ied towards Mr . Clar kâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s house. In our way, we passed thro ugh the militia. Th ere were abo ut fifty. Wh en we had got abo ut one hun dre d yards from the meetin g house, the British troo ps appeared on bo th sides of the me eting -hous e. In their front was an officer on horsebac k. Th ey made a sho rt halt ; when I saw , and heard., a gun fired, which appe ared to be a pistol. Th en I could disti ngui sh two guns , and then a continual roar of mu squ etry , whe n we made off with the trun k.

As I have men tion ed Dr. Chur ch, perhap s it mig ht not be disagree able to mentio n some matte rs of my own knowl edge, respect ing him.

H e app eare d to be a high son o f liberty . H e freq uent ed all the places where they met, was encou raged by all the leaders of the sons of libert y, and it appe ared he was respec ted by them , tho ugh I knew tha t Dr. Wa rre n had not the great est affection for him. H e was estee med 135

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a very capable writer, especially in verse ; and as t he Wh ig part y needed every stren gth, t hey feared, as well as c ourte d him. Th ou gh it was known that some of the libert y songs which he composed were parod ized by him in favor of the British, yet none dare charge him with it.

I was a cons tant and critical obse rver of him, and I must say tha t I never tho ug ht him a man of principle ; and I doub ted much in my own mind whether he was a real Wh ig. I knew that he kep t company with a Captain Price, a half­ pay British officer, a nd tha t he fre quen tly dined with him and Robi nson , one of the Comm is­ sioners.

I know tha t one of his intim ate acquaintance asked him why he was so often with Robinso n and Price. H is answer was that he kep t compan y with them on purp ose to find out their plans. Th e day after the battle of Lexin gton I met h im in Camb ridge, when he showed me some blood on his stock ing which he said spirt ed on him from a man who was killed near him as he was ur ging th e militia on.

I well remem ber tha t I argue d with myself, if a man will r isk his life in a cause he mus t be a friend to tha t cause ; a nd I never suspec ted him after till he was charged with being a traitor.

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Th e same day I met Dr. Wa rren . H e was presid ent of the committ ee of safety. H e en­ gaged me as a messenger to do the out-of-do ors business for tha t committ ee, which gave me an opp ortu nity of being freque ntly with them.

Th e Frid ay evenin g after, abou t sunset, I was sittin g with some, or near all th at committee , in their room, which was at Mr . Ha sti ng ’s house in Cambri dge. Dr. Chur ch all at once started up —“ Dr. Wa rre n,” said he, “ I am deter mined to go into Bosto n to -mo rrow ” — (it set them all a-sta ring )— Dr. Wa rre n replied, “ Are you se­ rious, Dr. Churc h ? Th ey will hang you if th ey H e replied, “ I am catch you in Bos ton .” serious and am dete rmin ed to go at all adve n­ tur es.” Aft er a consid erable con versation Dr. Wa rre n said, “ If you are determ ined let us make some business for you .” Th ey agreed tha t he shou ld go to get medicine for thei r and our wou nded officers. H e went the next mor n­ ing, and, I thi nk, he came back on Sunday evening. Aft er he had told the comm ittee how thing s were I too k him aside and inqui red par ­ ticularly how they treate d him. H e said, that as soon as he got to thei r lines, on Boston neck, they made him a prison er an d carried him 137

A PP EN D IX

to General Gage, where he was examined, and then he was sent to Gou ld’s barracks, and was not suffered to go home but once. After he was taken up for ho lding a correspo ndence with the British, I came across Deacon Caleb Davis —we entered into convers ation abou t him— he told me that the morn ing Chur ch went into Boston he (Davis) received a b illet for General Gage— (he then did not know tha t Chu rch was in town)—when he got to the gener al’s house he was told the general could not be spok en with, that he was in priva te with a gentl eman ; that he waited near ha lf an hou r when General Gage and Dr. Churc h came ou t of a room discoursing toget her like person s who had been long acquainted.

H e appe ared to be quite surprise d at seeing Deacon Davis there ; tha t he (Church ) went where he pleased while in Boston, only a Ma jor Caine, o ne o f G age’s aids, went with him. I was t old by ano ther perso n, whom I could d epen d u pon , th at he saw Churc h go into General Gage’s h ouse at the above time ; tha t he got out of the chaise and went up the steps more like a man tha t was ac quainted than a p risone r.

Sometime after, perha ps a ye ar or two, I fell 138

A P P E N D IX

in company with a g entlema n who studi ed with Churc h ; in discoursin g abou t him I related what I have ment ioned above ; he said he did not dou bt tha t he was in the intere st of the British, and tha t it was he who informed General Gage tha t he knew for certain that a sho rt time before the battle of Lexi ngton (for he then lived with him and too k care of his business and book s) he had no money by him, and was much drov e for money ; tha t all at once he had several hun dred new British guineas, and tha t he tho ug ht at the time where they came from.

Th us , sir, I have ende avore d to give you a sho rt detail of some matt ers of which, perhaps, no perso n b ut my self have docum ents or know­ ledge. I have men tion ed some names which you are acqu ainte d with ; I wish you would ask them if t hey can rem emb er the circumstance I allude to.

I am, sir, with every senti men t of esteem, you r hum ble serva nt, P au l R ev er e .

A C C O U N T O F C H R IS T IA N R E M IC K *

BY LI EU T. OL IV ER PH IL BR IC K RE MI CK U.

S. REVEN UE MA RIN E SERVICE

H R IS T IA N R E M IC K . Born Apri l 8, 1726. H e seems to have been a sailor, and maste r mari ner also ; and probab ly learned the art of naviga ting from his uncle, Abra ham Rem ick. H e mar ­ ried Sarah, daug hter of Nath anie l My rick , and they probab ly lived in Boston mos t of their lives, altho ugh they also lived in Ea sth am and Harwic h, Mass.

H e seems to have been engaged in paint ing and drawing in water colors [a curious and in­ terestin g water color of Bo ston Co mm on painte d by him is now being engr aved by M r. Sidney L. Sm ith] , also maki ng geograp hical plans of harbor s, sea coa sts, etc. Hi s adve rtise men t in the Boston Gazette and County Post Boy and * T h e New En gla nd His tori cal and Gen ealo gica l Regi ster.

Vol. X LV II, Oct obe r, 1893.

140

1

A P P E N D IX

Journal of Octob er 16, 1769, and subse quent issues is as follows : “ Ch ristian Remick , lately from Spain, Begs Leave to inform the Public , Th at he performs all sorts of Drawing and Wa ter Colours, such as Sea Pieces, Prosp ective Views, Geographical Plans of Ha rbo urs , Sea C oasts, etc. Also Col­ ours Pictures to the Life and Draws Coats of Arm s at the most reasonable Rates. Specimens of his Perform ances, partic ularly an accurate View of the Blockad e of Boston, with the landin g the British Tr oo ps on the first of Oc­ tober, 1768, may be seen at the Golden Ball and Bunch of Grapes Tav ern s, or at Mr. Tho ma s Brad ford ’s, N or th En d, Boston .”

Christia n Rem ick painte d several copies o f this view of the landi ng of Brit ish troops in Bos­ Th e New Eng land Histo ric ton in 1768.

Genealogical Society and the Essex Inst itut e each owns a copy, and one belongs to W. H .

Wh itm ore o f Boston, being tha t for merly owned Th ese are respecti vely dedica­

by Miss Otis. ted to Gibb ons Sharp, Jon ath an Peal and Joh n Han coc k. Th ese picture s are each 54 inches by 9. A reduce d engra ving therefro m is in Star k’s “ A ntiq ue Views of Bost on.”

141

«

A PP E N D IX

A picture of Boston from t he water, showing this landing of troop s, was engra ved by Paul Revere . A copy of it colored by Christian Rem­ ick, hangs in the old State House in Boston; it belongs to ex-Mayor Green. Rem ick prob ably did not make much money a t this business ; and so we find him in Septe mber , 1777, sent on shore with other prison ers at To wn sen d and Sheepscot River, Main e, f rom H . M. S. “ Ra in­ bow.” He had und oub ted ly been capt ured from some priva teer or Mas sach uset ts State vessel.

H e was Pilo t and Lie ute nan t of the brig­ antine “ T yran nicid e ” of the Mas sach uset ts State Navy in 1778 ; and was Pri ze Ma ste r and Lieu tenan t with Captai n Jo hn Ma nley on the Continen tal frigate “ La H ag ue .” H e served thro ugh out the war, and was alive in Ju ly, 1783, when he was probably living in E ast ham ,M ass .

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H E E xp la na ti on o f th e I nd ia n G a z e t t e , giv ­ ing an A cc ou nt o f on e of th ei r Ex pe di tio ns .

Th e fo llo w in g divis ions exp lain as ref er re d to by the numb ers.

E A C H o f the fe fig ure s re pr ef en t th e nu m be r te n.

T h e y all fig nif y th a t 18 tim es IO , or 18 0 Am er i­ can Ind ian s, to ok up th e h at ch et , or de cl ar ed w ar , in fa vo ur o f th e F re n c h , w hi ch is re pr ef en te d by th e h at ch et pla ce d ov er th e ar m s o f Fra nce ,

those on the pla te,

2 T h e y de pa rte d fro m M on tr ea l— repre fente d by the bir d ju fi tak ing wi ng , fr o m the top o f a mou ntai n.

Th e moon an d the buck jh ow the time to have been in the fi r fl qua rter o f the B U C K -M O O N , ans wer ­ ing to ‘J U L Y .

4 3 ca me on ey th n e h T T h e y w en t by w at er — d sev en lle ve tra d an fg n if ie d by the canoe. Th e fh or e num ber o f hu ts, fu c h as day s by la nd — repr efent ed they raise to pass the ni gh t by the F O O T , an d the in , fh o w s they we re 21 fe ve n hut s. days on the ir pajf age.

145

A P P E N D IX

6 5 A ft er w hi ch th ey fur W h en the y arr ive d ne ar th e ha bi ta tio ns of pr iz ed th ei r en em ie s, in th ei r en em ies , at fun -rif e nu m be r 12 tim es i o or Th e man afle ep — fh e w n by the fu n being 12 0. fh o w s how they sur pri fed to the ea ftw ar d o f the m, beginn ing as they th in k, its the m, an d the hole in the daily courfe ; th er e the y lay top o f the buil din g, is f u p in wa it th re e day s— repr e- pofed to fi g n if y , th at they fe nt ed by the H A N D broke into fo me o f th e habi ­ tatio ns in th at ma nne r, poi ntin g an d the J huts , 7 T h e y kill ed w ith th e clu b I I o f th ei r en em ies an d to ok five pri fon ers .

Th e fo rm er repre fente d by the club, an d the I I heads, the lat ter , by the fig ure s on the litt le pedefl als.

8 T h e y lof t 9 o f th ei r ow n m en in th e aé ti on — repr efen ted by the 9 heads w it h in the bow , wh ich is the emblem o f hono ur among the A M E R IC A N S : bu t ha d no ne ta ke n pr ifo ne rs — a circ umf lanc e they lay gr ea t w ei gh t on, fh ew n by al l th e pe defla ls bei ng empt y.

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Th e heads o f th e arr ows , poi ntin g opposite w ays , rep­ resent the battle .

Th e heads o f the arr ow s al l po int ing the same w ay , sig nif y the fl ig h t o f the enemy.

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or ig in al. * * T h e Ga zet te and the Expla nat ion as above prin ted will be fou nd copie d ver bat im by Isai ah Th om as in his “ H ist ory of P ri nt in g, " Vol. II , pp. 190, bu t he does not inform us from when ce it was tak en.

IN D EX

INDEX PAGE

PAGE

26 Ad am s, Samue l, pat rio t Ai tk in , R. His copy of Rom ans ’ eng rav ing of the “ L ate Ba ttle at 56, 57 Ch ar les to wn ” .

Al len , Charl es D ext er. His wo rk on “ A me ric an Bo ok P la te s” quo ted 77, 78 A lle n' s Am eri can Bio gra ­ phic al Di cti on ary . Its not ice of R evere . 9, 10 Am eric an He ra ld, Bos­ ton , Ad ve rti sem en t of 7 R ever e’s business in, 6, Am eric an M ag az in e an d Chronicle.

His tor ica l T h e Ti tle -p ag e en­ grav ed by J. T ur ne r . 45 An dre ws , W . L . His copy of the “ B osto n M as­ sa cr e ” eng ravi ng 113, 114, 122 mu lat to, a A ttu ck s, kille d in the K in g Stre et M assacre . . 9 6 Fun era l of . . . . 97

Ba rre tt, G. R ., owner of a copy of the “ B os­ ton M ass acr e ” en ­ gra vin g ........................ 12 1 Billin gs, M r., au tho r of “ T h e New Eng land Psalm Singer or Am er­ ican Ch ori ste r” . . 6 0 Bing ley, W ., Publ ishe r 107 Boo k-P late s. Th os e en­ grav ed by R evere 77, 78 Boston Chronicle, A c­ cou nt of the Ki ng Stree t M assacre in 96 Boston Gaz ette a nd County Jo ur na l, A dve rtise men t of R evere ’s “ A View of B os to n” appears in 40 Boston Indepe ndent Chron­ icle an d Un ive rsa l Ad ­ ve rti ser . R evere ’s bus­ 8 iness adve rtisem ents in Lib erty Tr ee , Boston ........................ 36 The Bos ton, R evere ' s “ A View of the To w n o f ” 37 et seq.

149

IN D E X PAG E

Bos ton, R evere ' s “ A View of the To w n o f ” Th is engr avin g not the f i r s t ..............................45 Ra rity of the pri nt . . 49 Plan o f Boston. T h e en­ grav ing by Th om as Joh nst on . . . 45, 47 BO ST ON M A SS A C RE , the most celeb rated of R evere ' s En grav ings . 52 Des cript ion of the en­ grav ing . . 78 et seq.

T he copy owned by the New Y ork Hi stori cal Society . . 84 et seq.

T he origin al plate now owned by the State of Massa chusett s . . . 8 7 Rece nt impress ions from it .............................. 88 Loc atio n of variou s copies of the engr avin g 104 et seq.

Firs t copy in the “ Shor t Narr ativ e o f the Ho rrid Mas sacre in Bos ­ to n ” ........................ 104 Variou s Rep rint s 104 et seq.

T he rece nt sale of a copy ........................ 122 No t consi dered an especially rare prin t. 122 B oston M assacre Or a­ tion s, T h e . 103, 104 Boston Pub lic Lib rar y, R ever e' s “ Pla n of the B oston M assacre ” i n ...............................98 Bos toni an Socie ty possesses a copy of R eve re ’ s “ A View of B os to n” 40

PAG E

Bost onia n Socie ty. Its im­ pressions of the half­ plate of R ever e’ s “ W est erl y View of th e Colled ges in Cam ­ brid ge in New En g­ land ” . . . 50, 51 Its copy of the “ B os­ ton M ass acr e ” en­ gra vin g ........................ 115 Bos ton T ea Pa rty , T he, 23 Bra hm , Jo hn Ge rar d de.

His men tion of Ro mans as a dra ugh tsm an . . 58 Burg is, W illi am , Pu b­ lisher . . . 46, 50 Bu rne t, Wi lli am , Go ver nor 46 De dic atio n to him of Jo hn sto n’ s “ Pla n of Bo sto n” . . . .

46 Byles , M ath er, D .D . 64, 65 Cald well, Jam es, kill ed in th e K in g Stre et M assacre . . . .

96 Fun era l of . . . . 9 7 Car ica ture, Pro pen sity for, in Re volut ion ary days. 32 Car r, Col. One of the com mande rs o f the Br it­ ish at Bos ton . . . 9 5 Ca rr, Pa tri ck , killed in the K in g Stre et M assacre 97 Castle I slan d, Bost on H ar ­ bor , Rem ova l of Bri tish Tr oo ps to . . . . 9 1 Song of . . .

92, 93 T h e Site of Ca stle W il ­ liam, afte rwa rd Fo rt Ind epe nde nce . . . 9 8 Castl e Wi llia m on Castle Isla nd, af terw ards called Fo rt Ind epe nde nce . 98 150

IN D E X PA GE

Castle Wil liam on Castle Isla nd, Eng ravi ngs of 98 Des truc tion by the Br it­ ish of the trun nio ns of the cann on in . . .1 0 1 Chad wick , Jo s., his dra w­ ing of the “ We ste rly View of the Coll edges in Cam bridg e in N ew En g­ land ” ........................

50 Chu rch , Th om as , au tho r of “ T he En ter tai nin g His tory of Kin g Phi lip’ s W ar ” 5 /, 53 Chu rch , Col. Ben jam in, R ever e’s ima gina ry po rtr ait of . . . . 5 3 Ch urc h, E. Dw igh t, own er of a co py of th e “ B os­ to n M ass acr e ” en­ gra vin g .........................122 Clap, W m . T ., Pub lish er. 104 Coo k, Cap tain . His “ Vo y­ ages ” .........................52 Coo k’s “ Vo yag es, ” Il ­ lust rati ons in, by R e­ vere .............................. 52 A mu ch sou ght f or v ol­ um e ...............................53 Col latio n o f the illu stra ­ tion s in, . . ..

54, 55 R ever e’s con trib utio ns to , mo stly copies . .1 2 3 Cop per, T h e s car city of, in Rev olu tion ary time s 89, 90 Cro mw ell’s He ad In n .

66

PA GE

Dud ley, Do rot hy. He r re f­ erence to P aul R e­ vere ’ s shop in Bosto n 30 Dun lap, Wi llia m.

His “ H isto ry of the Ar ts of Desi gn in the U. S.” 45 Du yck inc k, E. A ., a uth or of the “ Cyclop aedia of Am eric an Lit era ­ tur e ” . . . .

58 Edes & Gil l’s “ No rth Am eri can Alm ana c, ’ ’ A copy of R evere ’s “ V iew of Bosto n ” in 42 Edes, Pet er, Publ ishe r . 104 Engr aver s, Earl y Am eri ­ can. Hist oric al value o f the ir wor k . . 48, 49 Eng ravin gs. T he cause of the d eter iora tion o f pr eRev olu tion ary ones . 41 Ma ny changes in early o n e s .............................. h i Eno , Hen ry C. , owner of a copy of the “ B os­ ton M assa cre ” en­ gra vin g ........................ 122 Essex Ins titu te of Salem, Ma ss., owns R evere ’s rare engr avin g of the “ W est erl y View of the Colledg es in Cam bridg e in New Eng la nd ” . . 5 0 Possesses two copies of the “ B oston M assa­ c r e ” engr avin g . .1 2 1

Dal rym ple , Co l., one of the Briti sh com ma n­ ders at Boston . . . 9 5 Do gg ett , Jo hn , Jr . His re­ pri nt of the “ Shor t Nar rati ve ” . . .1 1 7

Fac-si miles , Ra rit y of, .1 1 6 Fla gg, Josi ah, joi nt pu b­ lisher with R evere of a Colle ction of Psalm Tu ne s in 1765 . .

14 151

IN D E X PAG E

PAG E

Fren ch, Fre deri ck W .

Esta te of, the owne r of two copies of the B os­ ton M assacre eng rav­ ing .............................. I 2 I Goss, E. H ., aut hor of the most comp lete life of P aul R evere 50, 65 Gray, Samuel, killed in the Ki ng Street M assa­ cre .............................. 96 Gree n Dra gon Ta ve rn, T h e ..............................2 4 Gree n, Joh n R icha rd. His “ His tory of the E nglish Pe op le ” quo ted . .3 5 Green leaf, Josep h, one of the publishers of the Royal Am erica n M ag a­ zin e ..............................67 Hal l, Dav id, prin ter, Fra nkl in’ s old business as so ci ate ........................19 Halsey , R. T . H. His copy of Joh nst on’s “ Pl an of Bost on ” . 4 7 Own er of a copy of the “ B oston M assacre ” engra ving . . . .1 2 2 “ Harm onie s for Singi ng Scho ols,” engr aved by R e v e r e ........................ 14 Ha nco ck, “ K in g ” . . 2 6 Hav eme yer, W illi am F. His copy of Joh nst on ’s eng ravi ng of Quebec . 48 Hil lsbo roug h, Ear l of, R e­ ver e ’s d edic atio n of his “ View of B os ton ,” to the . . . 38, 39, 40 Ho lde n, E. B. . . .

54

Ho lde n, E. B. His copy of “ T he New Engla nd Psalm Si nger or Am eri ­ can Chor ister ” . . 63 Own er of a copy of the “ B oston M ass acr e” eng ravi ng . . . . 1 2 2 Hol ling swo rth , Z. T ., his copy of R ever e’s “ W est erl y Vi ew of the Colled ges in Cam ­ brid ge in New En g­ la n d ” ........................ 50 His copies o f the “ B os­ ton M assacre ” en­ gra vin g . . . .1 2 1 Ind epe nde nce , Fo rt, for­ mer ly Cast le W illi am .

98

Joh nst on , Th om as , en­ grav er. His “ P lan of B os to n” . . . 46 His eng ravi ng of Qu e­ bec . . . .

47, 48 Kal bflei sch, Charl es H. . 56 Ki dd er, F r e d e r i c . His “ His tor y of the B os­ to n M assacre .” i i 7, 118 K in g Phi lip ’s W ar , “ T h e E n te rta in in g H is ­ to ry of ,” by Th om as Chu rch , R evere ’s effi­ gies i n .........................52 K in g Stre et M assacre, Re sul t of the . . - 9 1 Des crip tion o f the 95 et seq.

La rk in, Dea con Joh n, supp lied R evere wit h the horse for his famous r i d e .............................. 27

152

IN D E X PAG E

PA GE

Lenox Libr ary, The copy of R evere ’ s “ View of Bosto n ” in . . 40, 41 Copy of the “ B oston . .1 1 4 M assacre ” in Londo?i M ag az ine , C arica ­ tures i n ........................ 35 Long fellow , H. W . His “ Paul of poem Reve re’s R ide ” quo ted 24, 28, 29 36, 37 Lib erty Tr ees , T he Mass achu setts Cale ndar , Copy of the “ B oston M ass acr e” engr avin g in t h e ........................ 112 Mass achu setts Ma ga zin e, Eng rav ing of C a s t l e Wi llia m in . . . .1 0 1 Mas sach uset ts His tori cal Society . Its c opy of the “ B oston M assacre ” . . . 121 eng ravi ng M a s s a c h u s e t t s Stat e Tr ea su re r’s No te, T he 19, 20 T h e Rev ’d.

Ma yhe w, Jo na tha n, D .D ., Pa sto r of the W es t Chu rch in Bos ton, R ever e’ s re­ puted po rtr ait of . . 1 3 “ Me rcu ry of th e Rev olu ­ 6 . . . tion , T h e ” M oh aw ks , ‘The . . . 2 3 Mo ore , Fr an k. “ Songs and Balla ds of the A m e ric a n R e v o lu ­ . . . 91, 92 ti o n ” M un n, Charle s A . His copy of the “ B oston M assa cre ” engr avin g 115 Mun sell , Joe l, Pub lish er 117 153

“ New Eng land Psalm Singer or Am eric an Chor ister, T h e ” 60 et seq.

New man, Rob ert, Sex­ Nor th ton of the C h u r c h ........................ 26 New Yo rk Hist oric al So­ ciety. Its collec tion of Dr. Ma yhe w’s sermons 13 Possesses a copy of a rare edition of Coo k's 54 . . . “ Vo yag es” Its copy of the famous “ B oston M assacre ” engra ving . . 84 et seq.

No rth Am eric an Al ma ­ nac k, Th e, A copy of “ R evere ’ s V iew of 42 B os to n ” in . . .

Nor th Bat tery , T he cop­ per plates of . . 65, 66 No rth Chur ch, Th e, from the steeple of which the lante rns were hun g no ti­ fyin g Revere of the movem ents of the British 2 5 Odd Vo lum es, Th e Club o f 57 Olin, W m . M ., Sect, of Com mon weal th, Ma s­ sachusett s . . . . 5 1 Orat ion delivered on the anniv ersar y of th e B os­ 103, 104 ton M assacre Pain e, Th om as. His poem of the “ Lib erty T r e e ” 37 Pen nsy lva nia M ag az in e, Pai ne’ s poem of the .3 7 “ Li ber ty T re e ” in Pre sto n, Cap tain , in com ­ mand at t he Ki ng Stree t 96 M assacre . . . .

IN D E X PA GE

“ P rin tin g in Am eric a, Hist ory of ,” by Isaiah Th om as . . . .6 8 Pul ling , Joh n, said to ha ve hun g out the “ signals for the gui danc e of Ma jor P aul R evere ” 26 Quebe c, Joh nst on’ s en­ grav ing of . . 47, 48 Quin cy, Eliza Susan. Her copy of the “ B oston M assacr e” presen ted to the Boston ian Soci et y ...............................120 Rem ick, Christi an, Ar tis t, 40 A n acco unt of 140 et seq. “ Rescinde rs, T h e ,” en­ grave d by R evere . 37 RE VE RE , Col. PA U L. His varied occu pa­ tions ........................5, 6 A man of action . .

6 “ T he Mer cur y of the Re vo lut ion ” . . .

6 His diversified business in te re st s........................ 6- 9 His unselfish devo tion to his cou ntry . . .

7 A believer in the value of adver tising . . .

9 A n acc oun t of his bi rth and deat h . . . . 1 0 His early w ork as an e n­ grav er ........................ 10 His tra de- ma rk . . . 1 0 His alleg ed engr aved po rtr ait of the Rev ’d Jo na tha n M a y h e w , D .D ................................ 13 Firs t hear d of as an en­ grav er ........................ 13

PA GE

RE VE RE , Col. PA U L. His music score in a “ Colle ction of Psalm T u n es ” . . . .

14 Some of his early work 14, 19 Eng rav ed the plates and prin ted notes for the Stat e of Mass achu setts and Bills of Cre dit au ­ thor ized by the Co nti ­ nent al Congr ess . . 1 9 His eng ravi ng of the bor der and head line of the Mas sach uset ts State Tr ea su re r’s No te 19, 20 His mar riag e . . . 2 0 A membe r of the “ Bos­ ton T ea Pa rty ” . .2 1 His early mil itar y ex­ perience s . . . 20, 23 His famo us mi dnigh t ride . . . . 24 et seq.

His shop in old Cor nhill, Bost on . . .3 0 T h e silverw are m ade by him . . . . 31, 32 His copies of car ica­ ture s in the London M ag az in e . . . . 3 5 His alleg orica l eng rav­ ing reg ard ing the Stam p A c t .............................. 35 His eng ravi ng of “ A View of the Obelis k erec ted un de r Lib erty T re e, in Bos ton, o n the Rejo icing s for the Re ­ peal o f th e S tamp A ct ” 36 His cari catu re of “ T he Re sci nd ers ” . . .3 7 His “ A View of Bos­ to n ” . . . 37 et seq.

154

IN D E X PAG E

PAG E

RE VE RE , Col. PA U L. Use of color on his p r i n t s ........................ 41 T he origin al of his “ V iew of B os to n " 41, 42 Mo der n impression s of i t .............................. 42 Copies of his “ View of B os to n" are very r a r e .............................. 49 T h e “ W est erl y View of the Colledg es in Cam ­ brid ge in New En g­ land 1 ’ the rares t of his engr avin gs . . 49, 51 His “ B oston M assa­ c r e " pri nt . . .5 2 T h e effigies in “ T h e En ter tai nin g His tor y of K in g Phi lip ’s W a r " 52 His illu stra tion s f o r Ca pta in Co ok’ s Voy ­ ages . . . . . .

52, 53 Coll atio n o f his eng rav­ ings in Coo k’s “ Voy ­ a g e s" . . ..

54, 55 H i s co ntr ibu tio n t o “ Th e N e w En gla nd Psal m Sing er or Am er ­ ican Ch or ist er" 60 et seq.

Gos s’s Life of . . . 65 Mus ic scores and fro nt ­ ispieces engr aved by . 65 A list of his engr avin gs in the Royal Am eri can M ag az in e . . 70 et seq.

His engr aved bo ok­ plates . . . 77, 78 T h e “ B oston M assa­ c r e " the mos t noted of his engr avin gs 78, 81 et seq.

RE V ER E, Col. PA U L. T he impression of the “ B oston M assa cre " pla te in the possession of the New Yo rk His­ tori cal Society 84 et seq.

Ap par ent ly a ver y rapid w o r k e r ........................86 T he presen t owners of origin al impressions of the “ B oston M assa­ c r e " plate . . . .8 7 Rec ent i m p r e s s i o n s made from the “ B os­ ton M assa cre " plate 87, 88 His plates often made to serve a double pur ­ pose .............................. 89 His pla n o f Ki ng St reet, scene of the B oston M assacre, used at the tria l o f Cap tain Pr eston , now i n the Bo ston Pu b­ lic Lib rary . . .. 9 8 Repa irs the damag e done to the Castle W il­ liam cann on by the B r i t i s h ....................102 T h e first copy of his “ B oston M assa cre " engr avin g . . 104, 107 Oth er re prin ts 107 et seq.

His “ B oston M assa­ cre" not consid ered an especially rare prin t 122 As to the origin al de­ sign of his eng rav­ ings .............................. 123 His con trib utio ns to t he Royal Am eric an M ag a­ zi ne and C ook's “ Voy ­ ag es " . . . .1 2 3

>55

IN D E X PAG E

PAGE

RE VE RE , Col. PA U L. Le tte r descr ibing his famous ride and oth er affairs of the time 127 -13 9 Rice , Jo hn A ., his col­ lectio n o f the “ B oston M assacre Or ation s ” . 103 Rivi ngto n, Jame s, Pri nte r.

His editio n of Coo k’s “ Vo yag es” 52, 54, 55 Roma ns, Capta in B erna rd, his engra ving of the map in Co ok’s Voyages 53 His “ Concise Na tur al Hist ory of East and W est Fl or id a” . 55, 56 Ma rke t value of the book 56 His eng ravin g of <<T he Late Bat tle at Charles­ to w n” . . . 56, 57 A biogra phical sketc h of him . . . .

58 -6 0 Rom er, Colonel, Build er of Castle Wi llia m . . 9 8 Royal Amer ican M ag a­ zi ne ........................35 R evere’s Eng rav ing of “ A View of the To w n of Bo sto n” for . . 42 Its gre at rar ity . . . 6 7 Colla tion of the Illu s­ trat ions in . . 68 et seq.

T he Ad dre ss to Sub­ scribers . . .

74, 75 R evere ’s con trib utio ns to mo nth ly copies of . 123 Ex tra ct f rom ,exp lain ing the Ind ian Ga zet te plate . . . .

14 5-1 46 Ru tte nb er, E. M. His “ O bstr ucti ons to the Navig atio n of Huds on’s R iv er ” ........................ 58

Sellers, W illi am , pri nte r 19 ‘ ‘ Short N a r r a t i v e of, T h e Ho rri d Mas sacre in Bos ton, Pe rpe tra ted in the Eveni ng of the Fif th Da y of Ma rch , 1770 , by Soldiers of the X X IX R eg im en t” 104 et seq.

Smith, Sidney L ., an au ­ tho rit y upon the wor k of P aul R evere . . 1 3 ( i Songs and Balla ds o f the Am eri can Re vo lut ion ,”

by Fr an k Mo ore 91, 92 Stam p A ct , Di stu rba nce cause d by . . . . 3 5 “ T ales of a W a y s i d e In n ,” L o n g f e l l o w ’s stor y o f “ Pa ul Rev ere ’s .

R id e ” in . . . . 2 7 Th om as , Isai ah, one of the publi shers of the Roya l Am eri can M ag a­ zi ne . . . .

67, 68 His “ His tor y of P ri nt ­ ing in Am eri ca ” 68, 69 His edition of th e Ma s­ sach uset ts Cal end ar .1 1 2 T ur ne r, J. His eng rav ing of the Am eric an M ag az in e an d His tori cal Chronicle 45 W ar re n, Dr . Jos eph , the p a t r i o t .........................25 As ke d R evere to ride to Le xin gto n . . . 2 5 “ W es te rly View of the Colle dges in Cam brid ge in New E ng la nd ” R ever e’s rare st en­ gra vin g ........................ 49

156

IN D E X PAGE

PAG E

W hit ing , Stephen . . 48 Wi nso r, Ju sti n’s ,“ Na rra ­ tive an d Critic al His tory of Am eri ca ,” Copy of R evere ’s “ View of Bo st on ” in . . .

42 C it ed .............................. 114 Win sor, O. , “ His Book .

Bou t, Ju ne 18th , 17 76 ” 63

Wo od wa rd, Charles E. His copy of Cook ’s ‘ ‘ Voya ges ” . .5 6 W oo db ury , Joh n . . . 5 1 W oo db ury , Joh n P. . .1 1 7 Yal e Univ ersit y. Its copy of the Royal A?nerica?i M ag az in e . . . . 6 8

/

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IN

L IM IT E D

E D IT IO N S

BY

WILL IAM LOR ING ANDREWS I A C h o ic e C o l l e c t io n of B oo ks fr om t h e A l d in e P re ss es in t h e P os se ss io n of ................................................................... W IT H A SH O R T

in t r o d u c t o r y a cc ou n t of t h e A ld us F a m il y ta k e n M os tl y fr om H o r n e ’s I n t r o d u c t io n to B ib l io g r a p h y . N ew Y o r k : P r iv a t e l y P r in t e d , m dc cc lx xx v .

P re ss

of

T

heo.

L . D e V in n e & Co.

Octa vo, pp. 23. Two illustra tions by the Bier stadt Process. Edi tion , 50 copies on H ol ­ land pape r, all num bere d and signed.

N ot pu blish ed for sale.

II A S hort R og er P a yn e a n d H is A r t .

A c co u n t of h is L if e a nd W o r k as a B in d e r , by W il l ia m L o r in g A n d r e w s .

P r in t e d a t T he D e N ew Y o r k : V in n e P r es s , 1892.

Elev en illus trati ons by the Bier stad t process, 10 of which are in color and gold.

161

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Octavo, pp. 36. Edit ion, 120 copies on H ol ­ land paper, 10 copies on Japa n paper.

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Ill

J ean G r o li er de S e r v ie r , V is c o u n t d ’A g ui sy — S om e A cc ou nt of h is L if e an d of h is F am ou s L ib r a r y , by W il l ia m L o r in g A nd re w s .

N ew Y ork : M D c c c x c ii . T he D e V in n e P re ss .

Pot Quart o, pp. 68. Fou rtee n illustra tions, Bierstadt process plates and electr otype s, 11 of which are in color and gold.

Editi on, 140 copies on handm ade paper , 10 copies on Japa n paper.

Subscription price, $10.00 and $15.00.

IV

T

he

B ra df or d M a p — T he C it y of N ew Y o rk at t h e T im e of t h e g r a n t in g of the M o n t g o m e r ie C h a r t e r : A D e s c r ip t io n thereof c o m pi l e d by W il l ia m L o r in g A nd re w s to ac co m ­ pa ny a F ac -S im il e of an A ct ua l S ur ve y M ad e by J am es L yn e an d p r in t e d by W il l ia m B ra d fo rd in 1 7 3 1 .

N ew Y o r k : P r in t e d at t h e D e V in n e P re ss , 1 8 9 3 .

Po t Qua rto, pp. 115. Fifty illustrati ons, 11 162

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of which are Bierst adt full-page artot ypes , and 39 electro types in the text.

Edi tion , 142 copies on plate paper , 10 copies on Jap an paper.

Subscri ption price, $ 10.00 and $15.00.

V “ A m o n g M y B oo ks ----------W ha t rest is the re woes! wha t balm from care! g stin wa Fro m I f ills app all or cloud s han g low, A nd , dro oping , dim the fl eetin g show, I revel still in visions rare , A t will I bre ath e the classic air, A nd wa nde ring s of Ulysses share ; Or see t he plu me of B aya rd flow Am on g my books.

W ha te ve r face the wor ld may wear — I f Lillia n has no smile to spare, Fo r othe rs let her be aut y blow.

Such favor s I can well forego : Pe rch an ce for get the f row nin g fair A m on g my bo ok s.”

Sam uel M in tu rn P eck .

W il l ia m L o r in g A nd re w s N ew Y o r k : e V in n e P r es s .

D a t T he

P r in t e d

fo r

1894.

Crown Octa vo, pp. 32. Twen ty-se ven fullpage illus trati ons, 13 of which are artot ypes (4 in color and gold) and 14 e lectro types.

163

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Edit ion, 2 copies on vellum , 10 copies on Jap an, 38 copies on Ho lla nd paper.

No t publis hed for sale.

VI A S tr a y L eaf fr om t h e C o r r e s p o n d e n c e of W a sh in g t o n I r v in g a nd C h a rl es D ic k en s , by W il l ia m L o r in g A n d r e w s .

P r in t e d at T he D e V in n e P re ss . N ew Y o r k : 1894, an d e m b e l l is h e d w it h E N G R A V IN G S ON C O PP E R A N D

Z IN C .

Square Octavo, pp. 40. Seven illus trati ons, 5 electrotypes and 2 e ngravi ngs on cop per by E. Davis Frenc h.

Edit ion, 77 copies, all on Jap an pape r.

Subscription price, $5.00.

V II A S h o r t H is to r ic a l S k et ch of t h e A r t of B o o k b in d in g , by W il l ia m L o r in g A n d r e w s , W it h a D e s c r ip t io n of t h e P r o m in e n t S ty le s by W il l ia m M a t ­ th ew s.

E d it io n , 50 C o p ie s . C o py ­ r ig h t , 1895, by W il l ia m L . A nd re w s an d W il l ia m M a t t h e w s . N ew Y o r k :

1895.

Small square Octa vo, pp. 51.

Six il lustr a­ tions, half-tone s.

Edi tion , 50 copies on Jap an paper.

Subscr iption price, $1.00.

164

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V II I T

he

O ld B o o k se ll er s of N ew Y o r k , an d O t h e r P a pe r s , by W il l ia m L o r in g A n drew s.

N ew Y o r k : A nn o D o m ­ in i ON E T H O U S A N D N IN E T Y -F IV E .

[T

E IG H T

HUNDRED

AN D

he G iL L IS S P R E S S .]

Octav o, pp. 84.

Th ree illustr ations , fullpage engrav ings on copp er by E. Davis Fren ch. Also head and tail-pieces and initial letters from designs by the same artist.

Edi tion , 132 copies on handm ade paper , 10 copies on Jap an paper.

Subsc ription price, $7.5 0 and $20.00 .

IX A

n

E ssa y on T he P o r t r a it u r e of t h e A m e r ic a n R e v o l u t io n a r y W a r , be in g A n A c co u n t of a n u m be r of t h e E n ­ g ra v ed P o r t r a it s C o n n ec te d t h e r e ­ w it h , r e m a r k a b l e fo r t h e ir r a r it y or O T H E R W IS E IN T E R E S T IN G .

B y W lL L I A M L o r in g A n d r e w s . T o w h ic h is ad de d an A p p e n d ix c o n t a in in g li st s of P o r ­ t r a it s of R e v o l u t io n a r y ch ar ac te rs TO

BE FO U N D

A m er ic a n eenth AND N IN E T E E N T H

IN

V A R IO U S

p u b l ic a t io n s T H E E A R LY CENTURY.

E N G L IS H

of

AN D

t h e e ig h t ­

PA R T OF T H E IL L U S T R A T E D

W IT H R E P R O D U C T IO N S BY T H E P H O T O G R A ­

P ro ce ss of tw enty of the O r ig in a l E n g r a v in g s .

N ew Y o rk :

VURE

165

BI BL IO GR AP HY P r in t e d by G il l is s B r o t h e r s f o r t h e A u t h o r a n d s o l d by D o d d , M e a d &

Co. MDCCCXCYI. Royal Octavo, pp. 100. Twe nty illust ra­ tions, reprodu ctions by the pho tog rav ure pro ­ cess of th e original engravings.

Editi on, 185 copies on hand mad e paper , 15 copies on Japa n paper.

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X T h e J o u r n e y of t h e I c o n o p h il e s A r o u n d N e w Y o r k in S e a r c h o f t h e H is t o r ic a l and P ic t u r e s q u e .

P r in t e d a t N ew Y o r k in t h e Y e a r o f o u r L o r d E i g h t ­ een H u n d r e d a n d N in e t y -sev en . . . a n d o f t h e D is c o v e r y o f t h e I s l a n d o f M a n h a t t a n by H e n d r i k H u d s o n t h e T wo H u n d r e d a n d E i g h t y - e i g h t h . [ T h e G il l is s P r e s s .]

Royal Octavo , pp. 47.

One illus trati on, a view o f the Batter y, New Y ork , in 1793, a fullpage engravi ng on coppe r by E. Davis Frenc h.

Edi tion , 87 copies on Jap an paper , 6 copies on Americ an handm ade paper.

Subscript ion price, $4.00.

Wr itte n to accompany the 12 views of New Yo rk City which compose the first series of the publicati ons of the Society o f Icono philes , the subscrip tion price of which was $24.00 .

166

B I B L IO G R A P H Y

XI A

P ro sp ec t

C ol le dg es in C a m ­ br id ge in N ew E n g l a n d .

E ng ra ve d

by W il l ia m B u rg is in 1726.

T he D e s c r ip t io n c o m pi l e d by W il l ia m L o r in g A n d r e w s . P u bl is h ed an d for sal e by D o d d , M ead an d C o m pa n y .

N ew Y o r k : m d c c c x c v ii . [ T he G il li ss P re ss .] of t h e

Large Octav o, pp. 38. Six photo gravur e illus tratio ns, one a folding plate.

Edi tion , 115 copies on handma de paper, 25 copies on Jap an paper.

Subscr iption price, $7.50 and $ 15.00.

X II N

ew

A

m sterd a m ,

N

O ra ng e , N ew Y o r k .

A C h r o n o lo g ic a ll y A rr an ge d A cc ou nt of E n gr a v ed V ie w s of t h e C it y fr om t h e F ir s t P ic t u r e P u bl is h ed in M dc li u n t il t h e Y ea r M dcc c , by W il l ia m L o r in g A n d r e w s . P u bl is he d an d for sa le by D o d d , M ead an d C o m pa n y .

N ew Y o r k : A nn o D o m in i m dc cc xc v ii .

T he G il l is s P re ss . ew

Octav o, pp. 142. Fort y-fiv e illustrations, viz.: 3 phot o-en grav ings in color, 31 pho to­ gravur es on coppe r, 3 pho togr avur es on gela­ tine in colo r, and 7 head-b ands, 7 initial letters, 7 tail-pieces and “ Lines to the Read er ” en­ graved on coppe r by E. Davis Fren ch.

167

B IB L IO G R A P H Y

Edi tion , 170 copies on Americ an handm ade paper, and 30 copies on J apa n pape r with e xtra impressions of the engraving s on copp er by E. Davis Frenc h.

Subscription price, $15.00 and $50.00.

X II I F ra gm en ts

A m er ic a n H is t o r y . I ll u s ­ tr a te d S ol el y by t h e W o rk s of T ho se of O ur O w n E ng ra v er s W ho F lo u r ­ is h e d IN TH E X V II IT H C E N T U R Y .

P r IVA TE LY

of

PR IN TE D FOR

W lL L I A M

A n d r ew s .

N ew Y o r k : [ T he G il li ss P re ss .]

L O R IN G

m d c c c x c v ii i .

Small Octavo, pp. 69. Eig htee n illus trati ons (4 in color), repro ductio ns of the original en­ gravings by various pho to-r epr odu ctiv e pro ­ cesses, mostly photo gravu res.

Edit ion, 80 copies on Americ an hand mad e paper, 30 copies on Jap an paper.

Subscripti on price, $12.5 0 an d $15.00 .

X IV S ex to de ci m os et I n fr a . W il l ia m L o r in g A n d r e w s . N ew Y o r k : P u b li sh e d by C h ar le s S c r ib n e r ’s S o ns , A nn o D o m in i : M Dc cc xc ix . [ T he G il l is s P re ss .]

Small Octav o, pp. 118. Twen ty-se ven illus­ tratio ns (15 in colo r and go ld), 12 repro ducti ons 168

B IB L IO G R A P H Y

of title-pages, i illumin ated title-page , i illum ­ inated initial, i headband .

Edit ion, 140 copies on Engl ish handm ade plate paper, 12 copies on Impe rial Japa n paper.

Subscripti on price, $10. 00 and $20.00.

XV A T

C en t u r y F re n ch E n gr a v er s of P o r t r a it s in M in ia t u r e : F ic q u e t , S a v a r t , G r a t e l o u p . W il ­ N ew Y o r k . li a m L o r in g A n d r e w s .

M d c c c x c v ii i . [ T he G il l is s P re ss .]

ri o

of

E

ig h t e e n t h

Octa vo, pp. 140. Twe nty- eigh t illustratio ns (one in colo r), repr oduc tions of the original engra vings, with title-p age designed and en­ graved on copp er by E. Davis Frenc h.

Edi tion , 161 copies on Imperia l Japa n paper.

Subsc riptio n price, $16.00.

XVI J am es L y n e ’s S u r v e y ,

o r , as it is m or e co m ­ B ra df o rd M a p . he

m o n ly

known

T

A

of t h e

c it y

pl a n

TH E

TI M E

OF

TH E

of

N

ew

G RA NT IN G

Y o rk OF

at TH E

M o n t g o m e r y C h a r t e r in 17 31 . A n A p p e n d ix to an ac co u n t of t h e sam e CO M PI LE D IN 18 93 BY W lL L I A M L O R IN G A n d r e w s . N ew Y o r k : 1) o d d , M ead [ T he G il l is s & C o m p a n y , M dc cc c .

P r es s .]

Octav o, pp. 40. Th ree fac-simile maps re­ prod uced by the Biers tadt process.

169

BI BL IO G RA PH Y

Edit ion, 170 copies on Ho lla nd paper and 32 on Imperi al Jap an paper.

Subscription price, $4.00 and $6.00.

X V II G o ss ip A bo ut B oo k C o l l e c t in g , by W il l ia m L o r in g A n d r e w s . V ol u m e I (V o lu m e II) . N ew Y o r k : P u b li sh e d by D o d d , M ead an d C o m pa n y , M c m . [ T he G il lis s P re ss .]

Octavo, 2 vols. Volume I, pp. 108; Volum e II , pp. n o . Twelv e illustr ation s (6 in colors heightened with gold). Th e frontispie ce to each volume, and the “ Nor thw est Pro spe ct of Nassau Hal l ” engrave d on coppe r by Sidney L. Smith. Vignette on title-p age by E. Davis French . Th e colored print s are by the Bierstadt process.

Edit ion, 125 copies on Ho lla nd pape r, 32 copies on Imperia l Jap an paper .

Subscription price, $17.00 and $34.00.

X V II I T

he

I c o n o g r a p h y o f t h e B a tt e r y an d C as tl e G a r d e n , by W il l ia m L o r in g A n d r e w s .

N ew Y o r k : C h ar le s S c r ib n e r ’s S on s , M c m i . [ T he G il l is s P re ss . ]

Po t Qua rto, pp. 61. Tw enty illustra tions (2 in color, of which one is a folding plate) , repro170

B IB L IO G R A P H Y

ductions of the original engravings. Relie f plates by the line and half-tone processes.

Edit ion, 135 copies on American handm ade paper, 32 copies on Imperi al Japa n paper.

Subscri ption price, $7.00 and $12.00.

X IX P au l R ev er e an d H is E n g r a v in g , by W il ­ li am L o r in g A n d r e w s . N ew Y o r k : C h ar le s S c r ib n e r ’s S o ns , M c m i . [ T he G il l is s P re ss .]

Octav o, pp. xiv, 172. Th irty -th ree illustra­ tions, as follows : 1 phot ograv ure on copper, print ed in colors, title-page engraved on cop­ per, by E. Davis Fr en ch ; 14 photo gravu res on copp er by the F. A. Ringle r process, 1 plan of Boston Massacre , engrave d on copper by Sidney L. Smith, 7 hea d-bands , 7 tail-pieces a nd i orna ment al design engrave d on copper by Sidney L. Smith, 4 p hoto-en graving s on zinc.

Edi tion , 135 copies on Van Gelder paper, and 35 copies on extra quality Imperia l Japan made at the Impe rial Gove rnm ent Mill.

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The BOS TON MAS SAC RE, perpetrated on March the 5th, 1770^ II J-llHITflrlWTt— T

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T T tz H IL E B r it o n s view this feene wit h conf cious dre ad , ’ * And pay t he lart fad trib ute to the dead ;

W ha t tho ugh the (hafts of juftice faintly gleatiij And erm rn’d mife rean ts tidic ule the feene ;

N e’er let one breaR the gene rous rtg h d if c la im , O r ceafe to bow at F r êe d o m *s hallow’d fane ; Still with th e thought let Fame ’s loud Clario n fweU, An d Fate to fli rt a n t tim e the M U R D E R te l' .

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35 to . d t L d.

E . s g n i f r o n tis of s f u l l - c o l o r e n g ra v e d E n g ra v e d t i t l e - p . p l u t e s , 15 d 16 o t h e r f u l l - p . p l a T he B o s to n M a s s a c re an te x t e t t e s an d i l l u s . in th e n g i v 18 ; d e v a r g n e o f th em b la c k & 1 p . w it h 3 fo x m a rk s; 14 o f th em e n g r a v e d ; tte re d e B o s to n M a s s a c re ; s c a w h i t e e n d p a p e r s o f Th n e co py , i f r s ; s p in e d a rk e n ed ; a f o x i n g on w h i t e c o v e s c a rc e ly

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