STEMInnovator! Hello, STEMInnovator! STEM Innovator!STEM Innovator!
Welcometoyourbook! Welcometoyourbook!
Youarea YouareaSTEMInnovator STEMInnovator..AnInnovatorisaProgrammeranda AnInnovatorisaProgrammeranda ScientistwhousesC++codetoanalyzethelawsofnatureandbuild ScientistwhousesC++codetoanalyzethelawsofnatureandbuild smartsolutionsfortheplanet! smartsolutionsfortheplanet!
MeetYour MeetYourSTEMUnoKit STEMUnoKit..Insideyouhave: Insideyouhave:
TheBrain: TheBrain:TheATmega328PMicrocontroller,apowerfulchipthatruns TheATmega328PMicrocontroller,apowerfulchipthatruns yourC++codeandcontrolsyourinventions. yourC++codeandcontrolsyourinventions.
TheTools: TheTools:ArduinoIDE,theprofessionalworkspacewhereyouwillwrite ArduinoIDE,theprofessionalworkspacewhereyouwillwrite anduploadtext-basedcode. anduploadtext-basedcode.
TheLaboratory: TheLaboratory:AdvancedcomponentslikePotentiometers,DCMotors, AdvancedcomponentslikePotentiometers,DCMotors, andSensorstomeasureeverythingfromreflectiontomagneticfields. andSensorstomeasureeverythingfromreflectiontomagneticfields.
IInthisbook,youwill: nthisbook,youwill:
HarnessRenewableEnergy HarnessRenewableEnergybybuildingWindTurbinestolearnhowwe bybuildingWindTurbinestolearnhowwe canpowertheworldwithoutharmingtheplanet. canpowertheworldwithoutharmingtheplanet.
AnalyzeChemicalReactions AnalyzeChemicalReactionsbyusingyoursensorstodetect byusingyoursensorstodetect EndothermicandExothermicenergychangesinreal-time. EndothermicandExothermicenergychangesinreal-time.
ExploreAtomic ExploreAtomicPhysics PhysicsbyrecreatingthefamousGoldFoilExperiment byrecreatingthefamousGoldFoilExperiment ttovisualizetheinvisiblebuildingblocksofourworld ovisualizetheinvisiblebuildingblocksofourworld.
EarnYour EarnYourRewards! Rewards!
AsyoumasterthelogicofC++andthelawsofphysicalscience,youwillearnyour AsyoumasterthelogicofC++andthelawsofphysicalscience,youwillearnyour Expert ExpertIInnovatorStickers nnovatorStickers.
Attheendofthisjourney,youwillreceiveyour Attheendofthisjourney,youwillreceiveyourCertificateofInnovation CertificateofInnovationiinApplied nApplied Sciencetoshowtheworldthatyouarea SciencetoshowtheworldthatyouareaMasterofIntegratedTechnology! MasterofIntegratedTechnology!
Let’scodeanddiscovertogether! Let’scodeanddiscovertogether!
PoweredbytheATmega328Pmicrocontroller,thiskitisyour gatewaytoprofessionalelectronics.BywritingC++codein theArduinoIDE,youwilllearntobridgethegapbetween softwareandmechanicalhardware.Explorehowsensors, motors,andbuildingblocksworktogethertocreatesmart, responsivemachines.Let’sstartbuilding!"
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES LEARNINGOBJECTIVES
Attheendofthislesson,learnerswillbeableto:
IdentifythemainpartsoftheControllerboard
LocatetheUSBport,sensorports,powerswitch,andservopins
Explainthedifferencebetweendigitalandanalogports
UnderstandwhatGND(ground)means
InstalltheArduinosoftwareandselectthecorrectboard
VOCABULARY VOCABULARY
MATERIALS MATERIALS
AsignalthatiseitherONorOFF
Asignalthatcanhavemanyvalues(0to1023)
Controllerboard USBCable Computer
WHATISTHECONTROLLER? WHATISTHECONTROLLER?
Thecontrollerboardisthemainhubofyourproject.Itstores yourprogram.Itconnectstosensorsandmotors.Ithelps sensorsandmotorsworktogether.
Lookcarefullyatyourboard.Compareitwiththediagram.
IIMPORTANTIDEA MPORTANTIDEA
Observingyourcontrollerboard.Canyoupointto: USBport
Portnumber1
Resetbutton
Thepowerswitch ExternalPower(6-12V)
9.InstalltheControllerboarddriverif yourcomputerasksforit. LOOKATYOURCONTROLLERBOARD
1.OpenGoogleChrome.
2.Goto: https://www.arduino.cc/en/software
3.DownloadArduinoforWindows,Mac, orLinux.
4.OnceArduinoisinstalled,openthe application.
5.UsetheUSBcabletoconnectthe Controllerboardtoyourcomputer.
6.Waitafewseconds.Your computerwilldetecttheboard.
7.InArduino,clickTools → Board.
8.SelectArduinoUno.
IINTRODUCTION NTRODUCTION
Robotsandhumansneedjointstomove.Joints connectbodypartsandallowmotion.Thinkabout yourbody.Whenyoustand,throw,orkick,your jointshelpyoumove.Yourkneemoveslikeadoor. Itopensandclosesinonedirection.Thisiscalleda hingejoint.Machinesusethesameidea.Doors androbotarmsusehingejointstomove.Inthis project,youwillbuildajointmodel.Itwillshowhow ahingejointmoves,likeinthehumanbody.
Understandingthe MovementCrisis
Globally,1in5adultsover 60sufferfrom osteoarthritis,leadingto painandreducedmobility
CreatingaJoint Model
Buildingjointmodelshelps usvisualizeforceand motioninthehumanbody.
DEFINETHEPROBLEM DEFINETHEPROBLEM
Aphysicaltherapisthelpspeoplerecover movementafterinjury.Sheneedssimplejoint modelstoshowhowjointsmove.
Youwillbeengineers!
Yourtaskistodesignajointmodel.Themodelmust showhingemovement,likeakneeorelbow.Can youhelpherdesignthismodel?
Jointmodelshelp peoplerecover movementafter injury.
Itinspiresengineers todesignmachines thatmovemorelike thehumanbody.
Innovationfor Empowerment
MEASUREYOURSUCCESS MEASUREYOURSUCCESS
TEAMROLES TEAMROLES
Workwithyourteamtodeterminewhowillcompleteeachrole.
Leader
MaterialManager
Reporter
TestingSupervisor
MATERIALS MATERIALS
GETTINGSTARTED GETTINGSTARTED
Aservomotorcanturntospecificangles.Itdoesnotspinfreelylikeafan.You cancontrolhowfaritturnsusingcode.Withaservo,youcan: TECHNOLOGYINFOCUS TECHNOLOGYINFOCUS
BUILD BUILD Moverobot arms
Movepartstoexact positions Createsweeping movements
Seethestepsbelowforinspirationonhowtotobuild.
ConnecttheArduinoUno CODE
1.OpentheArduinosoftware.
2.SelectArduinoUnoasyourboard. MakesurethecorrectUSBportisselected.
CodetheServo
3.Opentheexample: File → Examples → Servo → Sweep
4.Changetheservoconnectionpinto13.
5.ClickUpload.
Theservoshouldmovebackandforthlikeajoint
Changethedelay()value Makethemovementfasterorslower
Question: Howfastcanyourjointmoveandstillstaysmooth?
Usethebuildingbrickstocreateahumanoidarm thathingesatthefollowingplaces,usingthemotors:
DESIGNANDPLAN DESIGNANDPLAN
Usethespacebelowtodrawandplanyoursolution.UsetheDesignPromptson therighttohelpyou.
SHAREYOURIDEAS SHAREYOURIDEAS
Whichideaswillyouusefromeachteammember?
Elbow
1.Afullcircleis360degrees.Thisequals2πradians.Yourjointmodelmoves 270degrees.
b.MarkthevaluefromQuestion1onthenumberline.Startat0.Movetotheright.
2.Whenthejointreturnstoitsstartingposition,itturns–270degrees.
a.Write–270degreesinradians.
a.Write270degreesinradians. –π / 2 –π –3π / 2 –2π
b.Markthisvalueonthenumberline.Startat0.Movetotheleft.
3.Positiveanglesshow:(Circlethecorrectanswer)
4.Negativeanglesshow:(Circlethecorrectanswer)
GoodHealthmeanshelpingpeoplemoveandlivewell Yourjointmodelcansupport recoveryafterinjury.Thisincludes:
1.HowdoesyourjointmodelsupportGoodHealthandWell-being? Circlethecorrectanswer.
2.WhichSTEMcareerfitsthisproject?Circlethecorrectanswer.
FEEDBACK FEEDBACK
Completethefollowingsentenceandpracticesayingtoyourfriends: Showyourprojectto3friendsandcollectstickers!
Trytobuildandprogramthetoolyourself.Ifyouarehavingtrouble,trythe followingdirections.
SAMPLESOLUTION SAMPLESOLUTION
Trycreatingyourowndesign.Ifyouneedhelp,usethisexampleforinspiration.
SAMPLECODE SAMPLECODE
Opentheexample: File → Examples → Servo → Sweep Changetheservo connectionpinto13. ClickUpload.
SAMPLEBUILD SAMPLEBUILD
Theimagebelow showsanexampleof howtousethe buildingbricksto createhingedelbow andwristjointswith themotors
INTRODUCTION
While some diseases are congenital (present at birth), others are caused by lifestyle choices. This is encouraging, as it suggests that if lifestyle choices can impact one’s health, adopting good habits can help individuals live long, happy lives. Much like the brick we program, people have inputs and outputs. Inputs include what we consume such as food, alcohol, and drugs while the outputs relate to how we burn energy and build muscle through exercise. Weight machines are beneficial for building strength and are important not only for not only for the young but also for older adults, as they help prevent injury and enhancerangeofmotionandbonestrength.
DEFINETHEPROBLEM
A physical trainer wants to create a weightlifting machine to help his clients build muscle and strengthen theirbones.Canyouhelp?
MEASUREYOURSUCCESS
Yourweightliftingmachineshould:
1.Modelapulleysystemusingagear andacordwithasuspendedobject
2.Programtheservomotortoliftand lowertheobject.
TEAMROLES
Yourweightmachinemust:
1.Useonlythematerialsprovided.
2. Include design ideas from every teammember.
Workwithyourteamtodeterminewhowillcompleteeachroleforthisproject.
ProjectManager
ResourceManager
ProjectCommunicator
ProjectTester
MATERIALS
VOCABULARY
Reviewthefollowingvocabularytermsandtheircorrespondingdefinitions,which youwillencounterthroughoutthischallenge.
Congenital
Diet
Muscle
Weight machine
Thefoodanddrinkyouregularlyconsume. Somethingpresentfrombirth,likeaconditionortrait.
Tissues in your body that help you move by contracting andrelaxing.
Equipment used to build strength by lifting or pushing weights.
WIRE
Step 1: Connect the Controller to your device withtheUSBcord.
Step 2: Plug the 270 degree servo motor into port13,connectingthebrownwiretoGND,the redwiretoV,andtheorangewiretoD13.
CODE
Step1:InstalltheOLEDlibrarytobeabletodisplaytextonthescreen.
Step 2: Create the following code to run the servo motor and display “Weight machine!”ontheOLED.
Step1:Buildapulleysystemandwrapthewirearoundthe270degreeservo suchthatwhenthemotorturns,thepulleymovesupanddown. Build
CHALLENGE
Createamulti-pulleysystemthatfunctionsasaweightmachine,whereyoucan pull down on one end and lift weight on the other.. Are you able to lift more weightwithlessforcewithmultiplepulleys?
Go back to the Measure Your Success section and check the boxes. Does your project meet all the criteria and constraints? TEST
DesignStrengths
Take turns presenting solutions with another team. As you listen to the other team,considerwhichpartsoftheirprojecteffectivelymeetthegoals SHAREANDIMPROVE
SuggestionsforImprovement
Feedback
Design Strengths
Suggested Improvements
MATHANDSCIENCECONNECTION
1.Acubicweightwithahandleincreasesinweightwithsidelengths accordingtothefollowingexpression:s +2.
Weightismeasuredinlbsandsininches.
a.Whatdoesthe“2”likelyrepresentinthecontextoftheweight?
b.Whatdoesthe“s“likelyrepresent?
c.Ifthephysicaltherapistwantsherclienttolifta29lbweight,whatsidelength shouldshechoose?
REFLECT REFLECT
SUSTAINABILITYINFOCUS
GoodHealthmeansmakingsureeveryonecanseeadoctorandstaystrong. Yourultrasonicscannerhelpspeoplelearnhowtoseeinsidethebodywithout surgery.Thisincludes:
1.Howdoesyourscannerhelppeoplestayhealthy?Circlethecorrect answer.
2.Whichjobhelpsmothersandbabies?Circlethecorrectanswer.
FEEDBACK FEEDBACK
Completethefollowingsentenceandpracticesayingtoyourfriends: Showyourprojectto3friendsandcollectstickers!
3.OnewayImademy modeleffectivewas
1.Ibuilta 2.Ithelps
Trytowire,build,andprogramthesolutionyourself Ifyouarehavingtrouble, lookattheimagesbelowforguidance.
SAMPLESOLUTION
Thisbuildshowsonewaytocreateaweightliftingmachineusingpulleys.
C E R T I F I C A T E O F I N N O V A T I O N C E R T I F I C A T E O F I N N O V A T I O N
C E R T I F I C A T E O F I N N O V A T I O N C E R T I F I C A T E O F I N N O V A T I O N
I c a n B u i l d . I c a n C o d e . I c a n S h a r e . I a m a n I n n o v a t o r !
