BizAvIndia 2/2019 - A Supplement to SP’s Aviation 6/2019

BizAvIndia a s u p p l em e n t to Sp ’s Av iat ion 6/2019

Volume 5  •  issue 2

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Gulfstream redefines piloting P 16

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INNOVATION

Embraer’s UX Design Philosophy P 22

SHOW REPORT: EBACE 2019

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I N T RO DU C I N G T H E N E W

BizAvIndia a s u p p l emen t to sp ’ s av i at i o n 6/20 19

Volume 5 • issue 2

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Gulfstream redefines pilotinG P 16

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INNOVATION

embraer’s uX desiGn philosophy P 22

shoW report: ebaCe 2019

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BizAvIndia Cover 2-2019.indd 1

11/06/19 2:27 PM

On the cover: In Business Aviation, any new technology needs to be assessed not only from the perspective of benefits, but also from the framework of regulations to ensure that its implementation serves the overall purpose of efficiency and security of transactions and ultimately, delivers superior customer experience.

a supplement to Sp’s Aviation 6/2019 Vo lu m e 5   •   i s s u e 2

Contents

Cover Illustration Anoop Kamath

page 3

Letter from THE PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA page 6

INNOVATION ALTERNATIVE FUELS Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels By Murali Sundaram page 10

INNOVATION GULFSTREAM Gulfstream Redefines Piloting with its Symmetry Flight Deck By Ayushee Chaudhary page 12

INNOVATION VTOL Coming Soon – VTOL Business Aircraft By Satyendra Pandey page 14

page 22

SHOW REPORT EBACE2019 Innovation, Sustainability, Next Gen and Technology to the Fore By Ayushee Chaudhary

INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY IoT to Increase Efficiency By Zorawar Singh Jaiswal and Isha Jaiswal page 16

regular departments 2 from the editor’s desk

INNOVATION EMBRAER

5 message from president, baoa

Embraer’s UX Design Philosophy

21 NEWS

By Jay Beever page 18

INNOVATION BLOCKCHAIN How Blockchain Can Transform Business Aviation By Sudhir Rajeshirke page 20

INNOVATION SERVICES Aircraft Management, Fractional Ownership and the Potential of Business Aviation in India By NEETU DHULIA

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Awards 2017

Special

Contribution to Business Aviation

BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  | 2019

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from  the editor-in-chief Publisher And Editor-in-Chief Jayant Baranwal Group Executive Editor Vishal Thapar Advisory Board Air Vice Marshal S.S. Chauhan (Retd) President, BAOA Group Captain R.K. Bali (Retd), Managing Director, BAOA Chairman & Managing Director Jayant Baranwal Planning & Business Development Executive Vice President: Rohit Goel design Creative Director: Anoop Kamath Designers: Vimlesh Kumar Yadav, Sonu S. Bisht Group Director – Sales & Marketing Neetu Dhulia Deputy Director – Sales Rajeev Chugh Manager – HR & Admin Bharti Sharma Assistant Manager – HR & Admin Pooja Tehlani Deputy Manager – Circulation Rimpy Nischal Group Research Associate Survi Massey SP’s websites Sr Web Developer: Shailendra P. Ashish Web Developer: Ugrashen Vishwakarma © SP Guide Publications, 2019 Advertising neetu@spguidepublications.com rajeev.chugh@spguidepublications.com SP GUIDE PUBLICATIONS PVT LTD A-133 Arjun Nagar, (Opposite Defence Colony) New Delhi 110003, India. Tel: +91 (11) 24644693, 24644763, 24620130 Fax: +91 (11) 24647093 E-mail: info@spguidepublications.com Owned, published and printed by Jayant Baranwal, printed at Kala Jyothi Process Pvt Ltd and published at A-133, Arjun Nagar (Opposite Defence Colony), New Delhi 110 003, India. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, photocopying, recording, electronic, or otherwise without prior written permission of the Publishers.

Need to Innovate the Governance The ruling party, Modi-led BJP, has received historical mandate thereby forming the Government of the day for its second inning. We with Business Aviation and General Aviation fraternity in India call for their innovation in supporting to the industry as much as possible so that the industry which has a series of potential to contribute in nation building, can grow with a decent path and become one of the most happening economic pillars. Dear Reader, So, Narendra Modi-led BJP has been mandated by Indian voters for its second inning in an awesomely historical manner. A remarkably massive victory to the party is expected to bring in a huge set of responsibilities. The growth of nation, building blocks of nation must be worked upon discreetly with the minimum goals of implementation. Election campaigns in India witnessed massive but logically so, use of the fleet of fixed wing and rotary wing which are part of Business/General Aviation by almost every single important dignitary of the country. One of the most crucial reasons has obviously been that of time management. Interestingly it will not be an exaggeration if we call such aircraft as “time machines” or “time managers”. Dignitaries could reach their desired destination for the necessary campaigning exercise within highly-limited time spans. Needless to say that BJP leaders could beat their rivals reaching out to the potential voters in their respective constituencies, in extraordinaire manner. Now that government under the leadership of Narendra Modi, Prime Minister for next 5 years, is taking shape and getting down to business, we would call for some innovation on their part to bring in some conducive changes for the Business Aviation and General Aviation fraternity in India. We have kept the theme of this issue “Innovation in Business Aviation” and therefore do call for Innovation on the part of our government as well to support this industry with some of their innovative policies and steps. Some of the key steps could be: Crying need for correction of 28 per cent GST

Currently the GST applied on the private jet purchase is 28 per cent which is a killer for all those interested. Around the world either the taxation is almost zero or the maximum level of the taxation roams around 7-9 per cent. It is important to note that the former Finance Minister P. Chidambaram under the regime of Congress party led government had introduced a draconian level of 25 per cent taxation way back in around 2006/2007 when his own party leader Kamal Nath went on a purchase spree of private jets. There was in fact no tax at all prior to this. Chidambaram did this not as a rational step but out of his personal rivalry with Kamal Nath. We all request the Government of the day to relook at the GST level and if they can bring the level down to either 10 per cent or to a maximum of 12 per cent, which can bring considerable relief to the potential players. Continued on page 4...

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letter  from THE PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA SP Guide Publications is privileged to share this communication received from Hon’ble Prime Minister Narendra Modi as a response to our Chairman & Managing Director’s congratulatory message to him. We at SP’s, do look forward to Hon’ble Prime Minister’s every key step towards making a better and happier tomorrow for our country!

Áèkku ea=h

Prime Minister New Delhi 14, Jyaistha, 1941 Saka 4th June, 2019 Shri J Baranwal Ji, Thank you for your congratulatory message on the historic success of the BJP and NDA in the 2019 Lok Sabha elections. Through the verdict, 130 crore Indians have reaffirmed their unwavering faith in politics of development and good governance. The people of India have voted for a strong and stable Government, which can fulfil the aspirations of India’s youth. Over the last five years, the NDA Government has taken path-breaking and futuristic decisions that have brought a positive difference in people’s lives. The stupendous work in the last 5 years convinces me that with the right effort and determination, the impossible can become possible. You would be happy to know that we are hitting the ground running from the word go. After-all, there is a lot to be done. By 2022, we want every Indian to have a home. We also want the income of farmers to be doubled. The Government has extensive plans to make India a 5 trillion dollar economy. To harness the potential of our youth, we want to make India the top start-up destination in the world. Guided by ‘Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas’, we will continue to make development a mass movement and provide progressive, development oriented and corruption free governance to build a strong, prosperous and inclusive India.

Yours,

Shri J Baranwal A-133, Arjun Nagar Opp. Defence Colony New Delhi 110003

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(Narendra Modi)

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FROM THE EDITOR-in-CHIEF ...Continued from page 2

President Ram Nath Kovind administering the oath of office of the Prime Minister to Narendra Modi in a Swearing-in Ceremony at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi on May 30, 2019

It may be worthwhile for the government to carry out an assessment of total tax collected at 28 per cent with reduced growth rate, as compared to tax collected if the growth was to jump to 10-12 per cent (instead of the present 2-3 per cent), but with a lower GST rate of 5 per cent, from the present 28 per cent. It’s important to note that largest growing BA&GA markets, like the US, have zero tax rates. Airport parking rationalisation

The parking space for the BA/GA operators has been historically a persistent issue. Notwithstanding some relief that may have come up on this front, thanks to the consistent and relentless efforts of BAOA while dealing with the Ministry, with AAI, AERA and the airport companies; if the government can consider relooking at what could turn out to be the optimum support for industry, it will be a booster. Need to focus on GA infrastructure. Special GA airports, heliports should be part of the plan and given to the Infrastructure development committee working directly under the PMO, rather than MoCA. Streamline the Overly-regulated environment

There have been major concerns due to draconian level of numerous regulations persisting, affecting the sentiments of the industry. Even one of the renowned political dignitary like Baijayant “Jay” Panda who also joined BJP, off-lately; suggested “drastically reduce the vast number of ‘silly and unique-to-India’ rules” while replying to the undersigned on one of the social media platforms. We urge the government to please look at the streamlining of regulations and rules which do not help much of any cause but play a major role of impediments. Regulations should work as enablers and not disablers. We do convey our Best Wishes to Narendra Modi for his second inning as Prime Minister and also to Hardeep Singh Puri, the new Min-

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ister of Civil Aviation towards bringing happy changes and supports. We at SP’s welcome Air Vice Marshal S.S. Chauhan (Retd) on taking over as the President of BAOA. We wish him the very best for his efforts, he will be making on behalf of the Association and also in handling of the challenges going forward. I would also like to take this opportunity to make a special mention that Association and the BA/GA fraternity have indeed witnessed various milestones being achieved due to ongoing relentless efforts of Group Captain R.K. Bali, Managing Director of BAOA. All this and much more in this issue of BizAvIndia. Wish you happy landings!

J. Baranwal Editor-in-Chief

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message  from president, baoa

president

Business Aircraft Operators Association I have been a regular and an ardent reader of “BizAvIndia, a special supplement to SP’s Aviation”, as such, it is a matter of great privilege for me to put forth my brief message through this prestigious publication on taking over the responsibility as the new President of BAOA. Simultaneously I express my heartfelt gratitude to the members of the BAOA community for having elected me as the President, BAOA and reposing their faith in me to ‘deliver’: I do hope, I shall stand up to their expectations in meeting the challenges of this onerous responsibility. This, considering that the establishment and growth of BAOA (India) to its present status, in both the national and International arena has been so well founded, groomed and nurtured in his past tenures by the outgoing President Mr. Rohit Kapur that it may be difficult for the subsequent incumbents to emulate. Since its inception in the year 2011, BAOA has come a long way as a recognised and respected entity in aviation, working for growth of ‘General and Business Aviation’ (GA/BA) industry. As a growing economic power, the need for a robust GA/BA industry in India would become increasingly important in the coming years. In recognition of this need, Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) has already released a ‘Vision Document’ for growth of our GA/BA industry till the year 2040. BAOA is thankful to MoCA that most of the issues of immediate concern taken up by BAOA, on behalf of the GA/BA industry, are found incorporated in this ‘Vision Document’. As seen on the ground, there is now an increasing focus on creating a separate infrastructure for GA/BA industry in airport development projects. At Delhi airport, for example, to cater mainly for the ‘small’ aircraft of the GA/BA industry, a separate facility is already under development based on the Fixed Base Operations (FBO) concept, including creation of separate parking slots as well as maintenance facilities for such aircraft. On a consensual basis, BAOA would continue to take up need-based issues with the Ministry (including with the DGCA & the AAI), AERA, BCAS & other concerned agencies. Presently, for example, rationalisation of ground handling charges has become an issue of great concern to all small operators, requiring resolution on a high priority to ensure that such operators, with their small & sensitive operating budgets, are only fairly charged for the limited services required by them. BAOA is also working for removal of the item called ‘Royalty’ (a legacy of the old, bygone era!) as well of the item called ‘Revenue Share’ as part of aeronautical charges at all ‘Public Airports’, whether managed/operated under the ‘PPP’ model or by the AAI. Rationalisation of these and other similar issues would have long-term implications for a fair and sustainable growth of GA/BA industry in India. As seen, BAOA now regularly participates in the periodic stakeholders’ meetings being held in the Ministry of Civil Aviation. Illustratively, issues such as a ‘separate CAR for commuter operations’, ‘rationalisation of FDTL requirements for NSOP/GA operations’, ‘review of age bar for import of aircraft required for aerial work’, ‘equipping of aircraft for ADSB-OUT requirement’ and more of such issues have been regularly taken up & addressed through the stakeholders meetings held in MoCA. In parallel, BAOA also continues to work closely with reputed industry bodies such as the FICCI, CII, ASSOCHAM and PHD Chamber of Commerce to address & pursue policy issues concerning the GA/BA industry. I am confident that BAOA would continue to achieve greater recognition as the association dedicated to the cause of GA/ BA industry in the coming years. A prime requirement to achieve tangible results in this direction would, however, be that all members of the GA/BA industry speak in one voice and, over-riding any narrow considerations, resolve to put up a united front on issues seen as challenges to the GA/BA industry in India. Jai Hind!

Air Vice Marshal S.S. Chauhan (Retd) President, Business Aircraft Operators Association

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BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  | 2019

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INNOVATION  ALTERNATive FUELS

Bombardier Challenger 850 flew in to EBACE 2019 using SAJF along with a record-breaking 22 additional aircraft

Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels

PHOTOGRAPH: EBACE Show Management

  By Murali Sundaram

A

Media update of August 27, 2018, announced the ‘first flight’ by a SpiceJet Q400 aircraft from Delhi to Dehradun using 330 kg of “Biojet fuel” made by CSIR–IIP, Dehradun and used in a 25:75 ratio with standard aviation fuel to power the approximately 45-minute flight. The biofuel produced has reportedly been recognised by the American Standard Testing Method (ASTM) and has met the specification standards of the engine manufacturer Pratt & Whitney and the air-

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Alternative fuels would reduce global warming, facilitate energy independence and soften the economic uncertainties of peaking crude oil prices, while simultaneously providing attractive benefits in carbon trading.

craft manufacturer Bombardier, as being acceptable for commercial application in aircraft. The occasion led to declarations of enhancing manufacturing capacities, and the initiation of “special policies” for the production and the use of biofuels in the aviation sector. An earlier Biofuel policy in 2009 had focused on transportation in general, but not specifically on aviation, presumably due to the sector’s low contribution to overall national Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. In the absence of

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INNOVATION  ALTERNATive FUELS fossil-derived jet fuels. Current ASTM-certified bio-jet fuels can be used in blends of up to 50 per cent with fossil-derived jet fuel, depending on the type. Because synthetic jet fuel and bio-jet fuel have approximately the same weight, volume and performance characteristics of current oil-derived jet fuel, they would be relatively easy to use and would not affect the design of the airplane or engines (NASA 2006 Report). Certification. Certification is required before commercial airlines or other users can use a fuel for flight. Hydro-processed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA bio-jet), using feedstock such as oil and fats is The Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuel (SAJF) Initiative The SAJF initiative was developed by a coalition of international the base technology that was ASTM–certified in 2011. The development and deployment of primarily HEFA bio-jet has encompassed aviation organisations. The initiative was designed: equipment manufacturers, airlines, fuel producers and airports.  To address a perceived “knowledge gap” on the availability and Certification of other, more advanced bio-jet conversion-technology safety of SAJF. pathways through ASTM can take years and would include rigorous  To encourage the spread of the use alternative jet fuels among manufacturers, ground handlers and operators, at the regional, fuel testing and evaluation. The process can be very costly and timeconsuming, typically, three to five years and will cost around $10 to national and international levels. $15 million. Driving down costs and reducing the time required for Goals set in 2009 were: certification is vital. •  Two per cent improvement in fuel efficiency per year from Production Initiatives. The US and the EU have made consid2010 to 2020; erable progress in enhancing the use of aviation bio-jet fuels. Many •  Carbon-neutral growth from 2020 onwards; and, •  Reduction in CO2 emissions of 50 per cent by 2050, relative airports and manufacturers have guaranteed maintenance of the supply lines through standard distribution channels on a “drop-in” to 2005. On May 28, 2018, while reaffirming its focus on the development basis. Airlines and other operators have agreed to uptake the fuels offered. Alternative fuels for aviation have significantly changed over and adoption of SAJF, it was postulated that: the last four years. More technologies have been accepted by aviation  SAJF for business aviation is safe, tested, approved and available today, though in limited quantities. Redesign of engines or air- fuel standards, but the volume available is extremely limited and craft will not be necessary. The fuels can simply be used when- cost disparity with fossil fuels is larger than expected. The ‘Initiative Towards Sustainable Kerosene for Aviation (ITAKA)’ consortium ever they are available. has demonstrated the use of the bio-jet blend in conventional airport  SAJF offers many benefits:  They support compliance with emerging international emis- fuel storage and handling systems. This logistics mode is economically advisable, feasible and fully compliant with airport operations sions standards of ICAO and the EU. and user requirements. Since the end of 2015, all flights departing  Their use allows facilitates the achievement of corporate social responsibility goals and demonstrates industry commitment to from Oslo airport are using bio-jet fuel. This would amount to about 60,000 flights and about six million passengers. This operation has addressing climate change. demonstrated that claims for the use of bio-jet fuel in the Emissions  Alternative fuels may provide improved efficiency, reducing Trading System (ETS) could be applied internationally across Memoperating costs and extending flight-range capabilities. ber States and could reduce the current price gap between the con SAJF can be produced from multiple, sustainable feedstock, and there is significant reduction in carbon emissions, when com- ventional and bio-jet fuels. The consortium has concluded however, that even at this small scale, the availability of sustainable European pared emissions from fossil-derived fuels. feedstock is a clear bottleneck. New crops require a long time to expand and to become significant Technology Status, Cost Estimates and Policy Imperatives Commitment. The integration and Technology. The aviation sector emits two organisation of the whole aviation bio-fuel to three per cent of the human-induced total value-chain must be optimised to reduce fuel of GHG. For significant long-term reduction cost. An IEA Energy Analysis of March 22, of emissions ‘Bio-jet’ or ‘Bio-jet fuels’ is the 2019 notes that since the first flight using only option presently available. They require blended bio-fuel in 2008 and although more an additional processing step to address fuelBio-jet offerings must than 150,000 flights have used bio-fuels since freezing issues and hence push up production be readily available then, only five airports have regular bio-fuel costs. Other sustainable and clean alternative distribution (Bergen, Brisbane, Los Angepropulsion technologies in development are fuels, functionally les, Oslo and Stockholm), with others offerunlikely to be ready for commercial use until equivalent to jet fuel ing occasional supply. Since less than five well after 2050. But current indicators are with its performance per cent of all airports handle 90 per cent of that these may compel extensive modificainternational flights, SAF availability at a few tions to aircraft and engine designs. equal to or better airports could cover a large share of demand. Performance. Bio-jet offerings must be than fossil-derived jet Long-term off take agreements between airreadily available fuels, functionally equivalines, bio-fuel producers and airport suppliers lent to jet fuel (IEA Bio-energy, 2014) with fuels cumulatively, cover around six billion litres of its performance equal to or better than any significant General or Business Aviation activity in the country, the focus is on ‘domestic’ aviation, most of which is commercial airline. But the Minitsry of Civil Aviation is yet to put up any proposal to operate regular flights with a blend of bio jet fuel and Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF). A study of the efforts and processes involved in the development, production and usage of sustainable fuel alternatives would enable understanding just how far we need to go if our aspirations and proclamations are to translate into reality.

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BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  | 2019

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INNOVATION  ALTERNATive FUELS

PHOTOGRAPH: Gulfstream Aerospace

Gulfstream G550 Flies Record Between US And UK On Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuel

fuel. The demand has led some airlines to directly invest in aviation Based Measure (GMBM) scheme to reduce aviation-derived carbon bio-fuel refinery projects. Still, aviation bio-fuel production of about 15 emissions through offsetting. Implementation will not begin until million litres in 2018 accounted for less than 0.1 per cent of total avia- 2021. Only a few countries have established policies to encourage tion fuel consumption. More rapid market development and delivery bio-jet fuel production. However, there are no bio-jet-specific policies to encourage commercialisation of the entire supply chain. Although are required to meet pre-agreed emission reduction targets. Cost of Production. Fuel accounts for about 30 per cent of carbon offsets will encourage global emissions reductions, they alone the total expense of operating an airline. Potential feed stocks for will not drive bio-jet development. Specific policies are crucial, at HEFA-bio-jet alone often cost more than traditional jet fuel and national and international levels to incentivise and to encourage biocosts fluctuate considerably. These variations are highly dependent jet production and consumption. on production process, plant scale, and performance. Conversion into HEFA-bio-jet adds to the price gap. Bio-jet is significantly more Conclusion expensive – from two to seven times more than fossil derived jet fuel Seamless transition to alternative fuels requires R&D. Alternative (IATA, 2015). The quantum of definitive reductions in GHG emis- fuels would reduce global warming, facilitate energy independence and soften the economic uncertainties of peaking crude oil prices, sions is not likely to meet desired limits soon. Resource Availability. The availability of feedstock is one of while simultaneously providing attractive benefits in carbon trading. the main cost drivers and one of the most significant hurdles to be Domestic and global trends in energy security and corporate responovercome in scaling up of production. Currently, the bulk of bio-jet sibility have encouraged many public and private sector organisafuel is produced from used cooking oil, animal fats, and vegetable tions to commit to adopting alternative aviation fuels. Off take agreeoils (e.g. camelina and canola), via the HEFA pathway. This feed- ments between bio refineries and airlines have attracted significant stock has limited availability. As of January 2017, five production investment and the numerous stakeholder organisations that have formed around alternate fuels, illustrate the pathways have been certified by the ASTM long-term growth potential. process. But many of these processes require It would not be possible to grow enough additional feedstock to be developed for conbio-feedstock (crops) to replace significant version to AJF. volumes of crude oil production. Efficient Policy Imperatives. The process to utilisation of available agricultural lands create bio-jet fuels is also the same as for Many challenges demands careful consideration for crop bio-diesel products. Since bio-diesel users selection, the method of fuel processing and significantly outnumber bio-jet fuel users, remain to develop the type of bio-fuel to be produced. Many manufacturers have traditionally relegated solutions that will challenges remain to develop solutions that the latter to the backburner. Bio-diesels proprovide readily will provide readily available, affordable and vide quicker and greater returns due to a sustainable alternative fuels to air operators. larger market and higher sales prices. Even available, affordable Like the First-Generation bio-fuels, Alternaif all the available bio-fuel production capaciand sustainable tive Jet Fuel is a bio-fuel of the future, whose ties were to be used to make bio-jet, supply time has not quite arrived, but which is would still amount to less than 1.5 per cent of alternative fuels to surely en route and ‘just around’ the proverthe world’s jet fuel requirements. ICAO has air operators bial corner.  BAI reached an agreement on a Global Market-

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WITH FRIENDS LIKE THESE WHO NEEDS AGENCIES?

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you own your journey —some slick New York City copywriter or those who have actually experienced it themselves?

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BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  |  2019

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INNOVATION  GULFSTREAM

G500 Symmetry Flight Cockpit: There are 10 touch screen controllers that have cleaned the deck off over a dozen stand-alone switches

Gulfstream Redefines Piloting with its Symmetry Flight Deck

PHOTOGRAPHs: Gulfstream

  By Ayushee Chaudhary

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hat started with a secretive meeting in 2008 has led to the desired revolutionary outcome a decade later. Scott Martins, one of the Master Development Test Pilot at Gulftsream recollects how in a meeting in July 2008, Preston Henne, Senior Vice President, Programs, Engineering and Test now retired, displayed his iPhone 1 and said, “That’s where the world is going and that’s where we need to go in the cockpit.” Emphasising on the size of the device Henne stated, “This is how I want flight deck to work. People who fly our airplanes 10-20

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While the BizAv industry marvels over Gulfstream G500’s Symmetry Flight Deck, the aircraft manufacturing company presents “Creating Symmetry” to let the world dive deeper in to the creation of this one of its kind flight deck. years from now will be absolutely comfortable with a touch interface because it is changing the world.” Almost a decade later than that, a new safety standard was indeed set by Gulfstream as the first in business aviation to offer active control sidesticks on its aircraft with the delivery of the first G500 on September 27, 2018. Last year, Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation announced the certification of its G500 aircraft by the Federal Aviation Administration, installed with BAE Systems’ active sticks. Being the first certified civil active inceptor in the world, the achievement was a remarkable one in the history of flight controls.

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innovation  gulstream The Symmetry Flight cockpit eliminates With the G500 having received Aviation the massive yokes and instead brings in the Week’s 2017 Technology Laureate Award, touchscreen avionics controls. The flight deck a 2019 Editor’s Choice Award from Flying is believed to have caused an advanced era in magazine and Business Intelligence Group’s The Symmetry Flight the cockpit design, functionality and aesthet2019 Innovation Award, Gulfstream then Deck features ics. There are 10 touch screen controllers that came up with docuseries (a documentary have cleaned the deck off over a dozen standseries) this year about this flight deck, to be electronically alone switches. The number of control panels aired weekly on its social media channels. linked active has been significantly reduced with only a few On March 18, 2019, Gulfstream precontrol sidesticks, dedicated ones for certain critical functions. miered the first episode of its all-new docuThe introduced controls replace the tramentary, “Creating Symmetry” which is a uses touchscreen ditional pedestal mounted yoke, facilitating series showing the making of the Gulftsream technology enhanced visibility of the avionics suits and cerSymmetry Flight Deck, claimed to be the tainly improving pilot comfort. Gulfstream’s industry’s most technologically advanced extensively and active control sidesticks have been linked digiflight deck, in service at present on the cleanGulfstream’s tally to allow visual and tactile control inputs in sheet Gulfstream G500. tune improving the situational awareness. The Active sticks are the controls a pilot uses Enhanced Flight sidesticks have been carefully placed where to fly the aircraft. Also referred to as active Vision System, a pilot’s arm and hand naturally tend to rest, control sidesticks or active inceptors, these allowing pilots to thereby further improving the comfort. The provide intuitive tactile feedback that helps controller panels are also equipped with ergopilots control the aircraft and maintain a sta‘aviate, navigate and nomic frames to stabilize the pilot’s hand while ble flight, unlike passive controls, according communicate like he or she uses the touch screens. to BAE Systems. The touch-screen controllers are capaAs BAE states, decades ago, aircraft never before’. ble of acting as a radio, can display flight moved to digital fly-by-wire controls from plans and also perform system checks. The mechanical controls, meaning much of the free space made available by the absence of tactile feedback from pilot controls was lost. Active sticks return that feedback to the pilot, within a completely control columns can be used for foldout work desks and also for the electronic system, which also offers significant weight and volume adjustable perforated leather crew seats. Gulfstream states that the tablet-based interfaces intelligently savings over mechanical controls. By providing an indication of any impending structural or aerodynamic operating limits — such and intuitively structure avionics input options to match only the as excessive bank angle or stall — the active sticks improve a pilot’s tasks appropriate to the phase of flight the aircraft is in at that point in the mission. The cockpit especially designed for the Gulfstream awareness and ability to control the plane. Not just that, the Symmetry Flight Deck features electronically G500 and Gulfstream G600, is capable of accepting upgrades conlinked active control sidesticks, using touchscreen technology exten- tinuously and incorporate any future navigation developments. The Symmetry Flight Deck has been referred as an office condusively and Gulfstream’s Enhanced Flight Vision System, allowing cive to the work the pilots perform.  BAI pilots to ‘aviate, navigate and communicate like never before’.

Gulfstream G500: Optimised For Stylish Performance

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BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  | 2019

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INNOVATION  VTOL

Coming Soon – VTOL Business Aircraft   By Satyendra Pandey

The case for VTOL aircraft is predicated on saving time by avoiding airports as one of the biggest challenges facing business aviation is the lack of airport capacity.

PHOTOGRAPHS: XTI Aircraft, Bell Helicopters

T

XTI Trifan 600 he founder of Amazon once said, “Your margin is my opportunity.” The margin is not necessarily finan- The newest technology to emerge is that of ducted fan which is simcial. In aviation, it could also refer to another very scarce ilar to that used in drones. Ducted fans are also being used in conresource, namely, time. Business jet’s are popular as they junction with hybrid electric power thereby giving fuel and weight help save maximum amount of time in air travel. Yet, even advantage. However, the business viability including cost and feawhile flying on private jets, owners and business executives often sibility of this technology, remains to be demonstrated in a manner end up wasting time in just getting in and out of airports. Heli- where operators commit significant capital including aircraft orders. There are several companies workcopters are one solution, but they are ing on VTOL aircraft as highlighted in limited by range essentially making for the table. Considering various factors complex trips that include a helicopter including funding, order book, range, to aircraft to car transfer. That is until capacity and capability, it seems XTI now because vertical takeoff and landaircraft of the US is currently best posiing (VTOL) technology which was a tioned. The prototype called the TriFan distant dream earlier, has arrived. And 600, successfully completed flight tests the advent of VTOL is likely to redefine on May 02, 2019. The aircraft is a hybridbusiness aviation. electric design and FAA certification is VTOL business aircraft takeoff and expected in three to four years with delivland like a helicopter and cruise as a eries expected to commence by 2023. As fixed wing aircraft. Critical to this funca testament to its product, the company tionality is the weight of the aircraft. has already received orders for 80 worldThat is, if the aircraft is too heavy, it wide. Versatility of the aircraft and cost requires a disproportionate amount of of operation is likely to make for a very power to get off the ground which consedisruptive force in business aviation. quently impacts its range and capacity. Most importantly, the cost has to be feaAugustaWestland 609 sible, else the aircraft simply prices itself Other ventures in the segment are in varout of the market. ious stages of development. For example, The engine and materials are core the vertical takeoff and landing business to the VTOL concept. Aircraft with jet (VBJ) prototype designed and develVTOL technology are being developed oped by Pegasus Universal Aerospace with two basic engine designs. One is based in South Africa, was recently showthe tilt-rotor or a turbo-shaft while the cased at the European Business Aviation other is the ducted fan. In the case of the Convention and Exhibition (EBACE) in tilt-rotor, the aircraft takes off vertically Geneva. The aim is to start its order book using power from the rotors, similar to for the eight-passenger type and further a helicopter. Subsequently, the angle of its funding. The Bell Nexus was debuted the tilt-rotor is changed and the aircraft at the Las Vegas Consumer Electronflies like an airplane. For landing, the (Top) XTI Trifan 600 and (above) Bell Nexus. ics Show (CES). Looking at the range sequence is reversed.

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INNOVATION  VTOL

Vtol Aircraft in The Market Aircraft

Country of Production

Pegasus

South Africa

Range (NM)

Passenger Capacity

Estimated Launch Date

1146

6-8

2024

XTI

USA

670 - 1200

5

2023

Bell Nexus

USA

130

4-5

2024

Bell V-280 Valor

USA

500 - 800

10 – 14

Currently only for military use

Starling Jet

UK

800

8 - 10

2025

Source: Industry reports, direct contact with manufacturers

thought, this aircraft is targeting a different consumer profile. The Bell V-280 Valor is already flying and the advantage is that it has been derived from existing aircraft technology of the AugustaWestland AW609 and thus is ahead in the process of development. However, this aircraft is currently only in use for military applications. Starling Jet, a product of Samad Aerospace, was unveiled with much fanfare at the Paris Air show in 2018 and at that time, bagged orders for 75. Since then, there has been further improvement in design and the company is working to produce a prototype. Overall, the VTOL space is gaining momentum.

which now fits in perfectly with the focus towards green initiatives including reduction in carbon and noise emissions. The VTOL aircraft will not only leave a much lower carbon footprint, but also be fairly quiet which is again very beneficial to the entire ecosystem. That said, the VTOL revolution will possibly have to scale several hurdles in its journey towards commercial acceptance. First is the cost of the technology itself. The current prototypes use light-weight composites coupled with engine technology and scaling of the production. However, keeping costs sustainable will certainly be a challenge. In addition, given the current challenges with the Boeing 737 Max and the regulatory fall-out, the certification process will also be fairly tedious and thereby expensive. Post FAA and EASA approval, the approval from regulators in Asia including India and China, may also have elements of technology patents that can turn out to be hurdles. Overall, regulators will have to be convinced of the safety of these platforms. The case of engine failures will be especially critical. Other issues such as security, navigation and authorisation will also come into play. The United Nations estimates that by 2050, almost two thirds of the world’s population will live in urban areas. This trend has consequences that must be planned for starting today. Not doing so can result in significant wastage of human capital while causing a drain on resources. Consider this statistic: in 2017, the analytics firm Inrix which provides location-based traffic data and analytics, estimated lost productivity due to traffic delays estimated at $305 billion for the United States and a $110 billion for Europe. If not addressed, this is likely to get worse. And this is exactly where the VTOL technology can make a positive difference by helping one save time which is increasingly a scarce resource in the business world. VTOL business aircraft may just be one of the most significant disruptions to hit the market in the years to come.   BAI

The Future of VTOL Platforms These developments are exciting and signal the advent of a new age of flying. Given the speed at which technology advances, the leap from prototypes to line production of aircraft will be quite fast. Going back into history of flight, it took just ten years for fairly stable airplanes to emerge after the Wright Brothers made the first flight in a heavier-than-air machine in 1903. A similar trend is likely to be seen in VTOL aircraft. It is a market that is ripe for emergence and is likely to see robust growth in the years to come. The case for VTOL aircraft is predicated on saving time by avoiding airports as one of the biggest challenges facing business aviation is the lack of airport capacity. While the United States and Europe have a significant number of primary and secondary airports, as one starts to move Eastwards to Asia, these are found lacking. With exorbitant airport charges coupled with the lack of access, business aviation suffers greatly. VTOL is hoping to fill this gap. But as this becomes commercially viable and accepted, existing airport operators are sure to put up a strong fight. Not because of business jets, rather because its extension to larger jets can be extremely disruptive to the business model of airports. VTOL operators will have to be geared for a strong fight before flight. The beauty of VTOL machines is that they can also engage in conventional takeoffs and landings (CTOL). In fact, CTOL operations help extend the range as the power VTOL business aircraft required to get off the ground and back on to it, is much lower. What this effectively does is may just be one of open up the aircraft to hundreds of existing the most significant airfields thereby providing an extremely flexible transportation solution. disruptions to hit the Interestingly, in keeping the weight of market in the years to the machine low, developers used composites and new age material. This also led to come the exploration of hybrid electric technology

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Satyendra Pandey has held a variety of positions in the aviation business. Most recently was the Head of Strategy & Planning at GoAir. . Previously he was with CAPA (Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation) where he led the Advisory and Research teams. He joined CAPA after a working through a merger and restructuring at a legacy US carrier. Having lived and worked across four continents, he is an alumnus of the University of New South Wales and the London Business School. He is also a certified pilot with Instrument rating.

BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  | 2019

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INNOVATION  TECHNOLOGY

IoT to Increase Efficiency   By Zorawar Singh Jaiswal

Illustration: Anoop Kamath

and Isha Jaiswal

I

nternet of Things (IoT) is the concept of connecting physical devices, objects of everyday use, sensors and human beings through the internet. It is a vibrant network through which different physical objects and people are connected with each other for collecting, sharing, analysing and acting upon the data generated in the environment around them. All these devices and sensors can communicate and interact with each other using the internet. The performance, inputs or outputs by these

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Internet of Things (IoT) in the field of aviation will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the aviation components, thus reducing the cost of operations. devices can be monitored remotely and their course of events can be altered accordingly. The internet could be the present day concept of the World Wide Web (WWW) or we could use a privately created, independent or local network on which certain specified devices, sensors, humans and electronic items can interact with each other as per the directions passed on this net, apart from providing a feedback in the closed loop of intranet users which has been created locally.

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INNOVATION  technology IoT is capable of touching all sectors and lives of humans in multiple ways. It can make life easier for the staff and users apart from reducing the cost of operations of even airlines. With the Kyoto Potocol having been signed and the International Civil Aviation Organisation voluntary resolution of reducing aviation emissions, IoT is in a position to help reduce carbon emissions from aircraft. It will also make flying less dependent on humans for handling baggage or cargo, apart from reducing the all-up weight of an aircraft that will reduce fuel burn. This aspect is crucial because India is poised to see huge growth in the aviation sector in the next two decades where Indians with buying power, are going to save time and energy while commuting between different places for business or leisure. The versatility of IoT lies in its ability to connect any electronic device. It can be anything ranging from a chip which is controlling some object, to a full-fledged computer and even be connected between devices or sensors onboard the aircraft. IoT in the field of aviation will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the aviation components thereby reducing the cost of operations and requirements for Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO). It will also improve the overall experience of the consumers as well as staff in terms of simplicity of operations and permeate all around the thrill of using IoT services because now command or information access is placed at the disposal of the passengers.

information can then be transmitted as a burst or pulse to the next destination where it will be possible to carry out a faster MRO due to the available prognostics. Accordingly, the placement of the necessary staff and spares apron will reduces the waiting time at the airport for carrying out the necessary maintenance and refueling services. This will reduce the apron usage expenses being paid by the airline. Once the repair assistance requirement is made available beforehand at the terminal, appropriate manpower and resources can be mustered. This will do away with the expense of a standing work force of personnel to be present at the airport. Thus, technical manpower can be hired on an as-required basis to reduce costs. Fuel costs too vary between places. So, once the exact fuel status is available, the refueling decisions can be taken to optimise fuel acquisition and while also considering the carrying cost of fuel in the wings for the next flight. In order to reduce the all-up weight of an aircraft, certain wiring spanning the aircraft can be done away with. A considerable quantity of wiring inside the aircraft can be replaced with use of IoT that will enable internet-based communication on a node-to-node or a sensor-to-monitor entity concept, using internet protocols within the aeroplane itself. This reduces the cost of wiring and ensures easy fault detection, thus making the system modular. More importantly, it will reduce loss of current which is required to be transmitted between these wires and sensors to the nodes or to the monitors which indicate the aircraft performance. This also reduces the all-up weight and the associated fuel burn. The MRO costs related to these wires especially in case of rodent menace, has been sited inside the aircraft as rodents are known to have cut wires inside aircraft which can jeopardise flight safety.

Efficiency in Aviation The IoT-based interaction of the passenger begins with the airlines when the ticket is booked. A small application can be downloaded that reminds the passenger of the forthcoming journey on the smartphone. Google has already implemented such a system. The moment the passenger reaches the airport gates, police representatives get a The usage of IoT gives Thrilling Experience signal about the ticket booking. The sensors great control to the The usage of IoT gives great control to the and cameras installed capture the first cache users. users. They have a second to second access of the basic information about the passengers’ to the information and control over the IoT luggage at airport entry. This information is devices, sensors, actuators and their perforrefined at the check-in counter when the bags mance. Since, automation is the new buzzare weighed. The baggage data with respect to the dimensions, placement direction, weight, fragility and destina- word, everything is in the process of being automated. This eliminates the need of humans which are expensive and are subject to tions will be recorded through IoT-based sensors. This IoT data is automatically sent to the luggage marshaling human emotions or biases. As a result, with the introduction of new area or the apron where luggage lots are made for loading using automated technology which is connectable through IoT, passengers computer-aided designs conforming to the belly space of the aircraft can be assured of a better performance and satisfaction than what where the luggage will be loaded. The luggage is stacked inside the was possible with the presence of a human interface. It is a known fact that aviation customers are an esteemed and aircraft belly on the basis of load balancing, fragility, accessibility at any intermediate airport and the ability to take on more luggage at quality conscious class of passengers. Once they see modern techthat halt. This data is then passed on electronically to the next desti- nology being used through the IoT, it brings them great happiness. They feel that their money is being utilised in the best possible way nation when the flight departs. The cargo handlers now know beforehand the exact location and and that their worth is being recognised by the introduction of latsequence of offloading the baggage. They too would have pre-stacked est technology. Since aviation is an expensive business, the minor their luggage based upon the same IoT-based software which they increase in capital costs due to the introduction of IoT will not be would load for the next leg of the journey. Once the luggage is offloaded, resented by the passengers because they would see value in improvethe same IoT-based baggage tracking system ensures that the baggage ment of the services offered to them. Since the 1970s, the prime focus of industries to sustain themof one passenger group comes out as one cluster. This avoids the usual, but unnecessary wait by the passenger for ‘that last piece of luggage,’ selves has been to improve user experience. IoT has certain wowfactors attached to it which when given the perfect creativity, would leading to crowding at the airport with an exasperated expression. IoT can be deployed on an aircraft to remotely monitor the per- surpass all means of comfort and provide the users with a sense of formance characteristics of critical items such as fuel level monitor- happiness and great comfort. Maintaining customer satisfaction is ing, wear and tear of the brake pads and engine performance. This bound to improve sales and increases revenue.  BAI

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BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  | 2019

15

INNOVATION  EMBRAER

Jay Beever, Vice President, Interior Design, Embraer Executive Jets believes that true innovation must be the design driver that elevates the full spectrum of the customer experience, from user experience to operational efficiency to ownership excellence

Jay Beever, Vice President, Interior Design, Embraer Executive Jets

Embraer’s UX Design Philosophy How Does Innovation Elevate the User Experience? The proliferation of Access Economy business models raises a fundamental question about customer experience. Who is the customer? While user experience—or UX—is prominently highlighted as the differentiating factor, sustainability of this new ecosystem demands that the stakeholders who make it available also enjoy the ultimate customer experience, as a profitable operator or as an aircraft owner—or both.

PHOTOGRAPHS: Embraer

The UX Design Philosophy User experience design must prioritize the same freedom of movement brought by business aviation travel inside the aircraft. The experience of space must be translated into individual comfort. When space becomes personal, the ability to personalize one’s environment enhances their sense of freedom. Comfort is human, and so are the factors that dictate the design of personal space and comfort. The world’s finest products are typically appreciated for their exquisite craftsmanship. To achieve this goal, planning and deep study into the final execution are required before the work of assembly even begins. The final aesthetic should

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INNOVATION  EMBRAER

super stylish and spacious cabin of Praetor 600; (previous page, bottom) the state-of-the-art cockpit of prateor 600.

be beautiful and robust, pleasing the passengers with each feature and movement, and delighting the senses with multiple layers of detail that keep them wondering how it was done. The UX Innovation Quest While ergonomics are the foundation of comfort and craftsmanship defines elegance, innovation must drive our quest to deliver the ultimate customer experience, for the users, the owners, and for the operators who make it all happen, every day. This quest must be perpetual. Every now and then someone comes along and takes a closer look at a product we already believe to be a modern marvel of science and technology, and of course, human ingenuity. Bicycles, vehicles, boats, and aircraft, have each become objects of innovation, immediately upon invention. The UX Role of Technology Technology should be invisible but the benefits must serve the customer, just as fly-by-wire transparently makes flights the smoothest possible. Introducing a new technology as a new interior design style

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will only create the necessity for a new style in the future, for the same reason: more new technology. For technology to serve its purpose in the interior design of an aircraft, it must be transparent. As it disappears aesthetically and only appears functionally, on demand, it becomes timeless. Only then will it fulfill its role, which is to serve the customer, not vice-versa. Also transparent is the fundamental aspect of interior design; architecture. Traditionally, changes in aircraft interiors have required complete replacement of affected elements. Innovation in aircraft interior architecture has allowed for the creation of zones of personalization as well as maintenance accessibility for rapid replacement operations between flights. As the popularity of the Access Economy increases, aircraft and their interiors will have to stand the test of time as they serve their users in a high utilization environment and deliver profitable results to their owners, while offering efficiencies that drive sustainable operations. True innovation must be the design driver that elevates the full spectrum of the customer experience, from user experience to operational efficiency to ownership excellence.  BAI

BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  | 2019

17

INNOVATION  BLOCKCHAIN

How Blockchain Can Transform Business Aviation Any new technology needs to be assessed not only from the perspective of benefits, but also from the framework of regulations to ensure that its implementation serves the overall purpose of efficiency and security of transactions and ultimately, delivers superior customer experience.

  By Sudhir Rajeshirke

BLOCK 1

Illustration: Anoop Kamath

D

HASH

BLOCK 2

igital revolution has transformed the way we engage and consume products and services from retail, entertainment, hospitality, transportation and several other sectors. Aviation sector, for varied reasons, has been a laggard in adopting new technologies to immensely improve customer experience. While airlines have now started digitising the entire customer journey, i.e. from booking tickets, delivering customised on-board experience to managing loyalty programmes, business aviation has still a far way to go in taking digital initiatives to improve the journey experience of its customers who pay the most premium of all services. Primarily the reason is that business aviation companies are numerous, have relatively small number of customers as compared to airlines (with few exceptions such as NetJets) and operate in highly fragmented and competitive markets. Hence they have low motivation to invest in technologies that would create a marked change in the way they manage and operate aviation business. However, few technology companies led

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HASH

BLOCK 3

by aviation professionals are bringing one of the most talked about technologies, i.e. blockchain, to business aviation. Blockchain is one of the most interesting technologies that has seen application in wide variety of industries. In this article we will understand what blockchain is and how it can be and has been innovatively applied to business aviation. Blockchain – what is it? A blockchain is a digital ledger that records transactions on a decentralised platform. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp and transaction data, which cannot be altered. The transactions could be done between two parties efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way. For the uninitiated, the technology powers the most popular cryptocurrency i.e. the bitcoin. Blockchain is structured as shown in the figure (above). The technology is now widely adopted across industries due to its four core characteristics:

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INNOVATION  BLOCKCHAIN  Decentralised:

It doesn’t rely on a central point of control. A lack of a single authority makes the system fairer, considerably more secure and adaptable for various stakeholders to transact transparently.  Immutable: Once data has been written on a blockchain, no single authority can change it and no single point of failure can bring it down. The data is permanent, indelible, and unalterable in the history of transactions.  Consensus driven: Several consensus driving mechanisms such as proof of work, proof of stake etc. exist to ensure that all parties agree to any changes and updates made to the system.  Secure: The decentralised nature of the platform ensures that the data can’t be altered without the need for the third-party intermediaries that many value chains rely on. Secured access can be provided to only authorised personnel or agencies. Using the above principles, the blockchain system has several applications in business aviation. Smart contracts: Currently a charter broker has to carry out several set of complex activities such as negotiating contracts, payments and communications to fulfill charter orders. These problems increase for international charters that are several weeks or months away and involve international currency exchange. If any payments are required to be settled after the charter is completed then these transactions add to the complexity of processes and could undermine the security of transaction. These problems can be solved transparently through smart contracts–electronic agreements that self-execute according to predefined rules – that involve the charter broker, operators and customers through a single decentralised blockchain platform. Once the smart contract is signed, the payoffs can be automatically calculated, invoices generated and payments can be distributed automatically to the relevant stakeholders through security enabled transactions. Similarly, if the flight is cancelled for any reason, the smart contracts can be automatically triggered, thus eliminating the entire manual payments reconciliation process. Private aircraft transaction history: Determining an aircraft title and ownership rights areessential for aircraft transactions especially when business aircraft have undergone several ownerships since they were manufactured. Per estimates, as many as 20 to 30 per cent of aircraft title titles are opaque in some form. For example, for a particular aircraft, theengines may have been leased whereas airframe may be under a bank lien. When purchasing the aircraft, a thorough inspection of aircraft history requires involving specialist agencies and several weeks of due diligence before the aircraft’s ownership rights can be fully ascertained. A blockchain ledger based system can document, update and track the ownership rights of airframe and engines in concurrence with FAA or International Registry of Mobile Assets. Thus the historical ownership data of the aircraft can be legibly confirmed through a trustworthy source. Pilot flight records: Aviation is a highly regulated environment andauthentic documents are essential for creating reliable records. One such problem is with pilot log book, which provides flight records and other relevant information, and is an evidence of pilot’s experience. The log books are one of the main verification methods used by the aviation authorities for issuing licenses and ratings to individual pilots. Currently, thepaper copies often get damaged and are difficult to recover when demanded. An existing solution from Aeron blockchain technology allows storage of all necessary log book data in digital format and allows for quick and easy access to necessary information about the pilot’s flight hours, when needed by the

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authorities. Such universally adaptable databases provide secured storage of credible information which is transparent and impacts safety of operations. Maintenance transparency: Well maintained, clearly documented and up to date maintenance records are essential to assess the airworthiness of any aircraft. Missing documents damage the integrity of airplane maintenance and undervalues the asset significantly. Further, recreating the documents of aircraft maintenance is an expensive and sometimes impossible process. An aircraft undergoes maintenance through several facilities over its lifecycle and all of them may not have the best documentation processes. Further, it is important to identify the components’provenance to ensure airworthy components are installed. Blockchain technology can store aircraft service records and information in a digital distributed ledger. The records can be stored indefinitely in a trusted environment and integrity of the records can be guaranteed. Authorized access can be provided to relevant people as and when required. Such system provides transparency to the regulatory agencies and aircraft owners as they are able to see the complete history of aircraft maintenance with proper authorization andthe data cannotbe tampered. This saves maintenance time, ensures safety of the assets and provides a reliable and probably one stop source of all the maintenance events occurred on the aircraft at any point in time Customer loyalty programmes: Althoughrarely used by private aviation operators or brokers, generating loyalty of premium private aviation customers is essential for any business aviation company. Often private aviation companies partner with airlines, hotels, credit card companies, clubs etc.in offering value added services to their clients. A loyalty program in which the points can be easily redeemed across multiple partners becomes appealing to private aviation customers. Loyalty points and schemes when tokenized through blockchain can provide immediate value to the users as it would be possible to use them instantly in real-time. Blockchainsystem allowsseamless transactions across multiple partners. As an example from the airline industry, Singapore Airlines has developed a digital wallet that allows customers to use frequent flyer miles at participating retail merchants. Thus blockchain has incredible use cases in business aviation and provides a structured, secured, and reliable platform for carrying out business. We do have to note that at the core, blockchain is a repository of data and a means to automate transaction. Hence this technology needs to be combined with other technologies such as internet of things (IoT), predictive analysis etc. for greater effect in business aviation. Final note Although blockchain technology could have a revolutionary effect in the way business aviation transactions are carried out, country specific regulations often are the main roadblocks in successful implementation of such technologies. For example, systems such as smart contracts may invariably require the use of cryptocurrency as a means of transaction. This could represent a problem in countries such as India where Government promotes blockchain technologies across industries but implements a blanket ban on usage of cryptocurrencies. Hence any new technology needs to be assessed not only from the perspective of benefits, but also from the framework of regulations to ensure that its implementation serves the overall purpose of efficiency and security of transactions and ultimately, delivers superior customer experience.  BAI

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INNOVATION  SERVICES

Aircraft Management, Fractional Ownership and the Potential of Business Aviation in India   By NEETU DHULIA

O

f course, the responsibilities, obligations, and complications of owning an aircraft are all too familiar as well. In the Americas and Europe, aircraft owners have no shortage of options for mitigating these hindrances, the two most obvious being outsourcing to an aircraft management company or entering into a fractional ownership programme. But in India, neither of these services exist. In spite of years of independence and economic growth, and the multitude of employment and economic benefits a robust business aircraft services industry would bring with it, India remains a notoriously uninviting environment for such companies. “Both fractional ownership and aircraft management programmes require several business, regulatory, and financial conditions that India currently fails to provide,” says Vinit Phatak, President of ACASS India, a leading provider of aircraft management services. “If we ever want to take advantage of the tremendous untapped potential this industry has to offer India and our business and industrial leaders, we have to address the missing elements that are holding us back.” According to Phatak, these missing elements include: 1) Streamlining ownership and operator regulatory issues: A positive policy statement from MoCA is needed to encourage these business models to take root in India. And policy must be followed up downstream by adjusting regulatory frameworks in every government department that impacts functioning, be it MOF, customs, taxation, DGCA, banking, etc. Such action will also send a positive signal to foreign investors, lenders, finance/leasing companies, and international aviation services companies to enter India. As things stand, international players are not in India and adverse taxation and import duties create potential risks when aircraft are given to third parties for management. Even within DGCA, while awareness exits about these services, it is sketchy at best. 2) No disincentives to private category import of aircraft: First, the mindset must change that private category aircraft must

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The time, efficiency, and flexibility advantages of business aircraft ownership are well known, and thousands of individuals and organisations worldwide benefit from these advantages every day. be taxed excessively. If some higher taxation level must remain for these aircraft, conditionalies should be introduced to give them the same taxation and import duty requirements as commercial aircraft when enrolled in a third-party aircraft management or fractional ownership programme. This flexibility is imperative to allow the market to innovate and thrive. Many European countries apply this model successfully (with different taxation and duties between private and commercial), but with conditions that require some mandatory period of participation in a third-party programme for tax and duty concessions. The big-picture objective is to create jobs, growth, and economic benefits across sectors, rather than just taxing private aircraft use. It is similar to the way growth in new car sales spurs associated downstream work in everything associated with automobile ownership. In the case of private aircraft, tremendous growth would be seen in airport services, MRO work, paint shops, fuel sales etc. 3) Tax incentives for the sector: Taxation for the sector needs to be rationalised at various levels. The combination of high customs duties and GST/IGST for import and sale transactions and the inability to take input credit for GST paid is holding back many transaction decisions in this sector. If not permanently, a short-term (severalyear) tax incentive can be provided to boost the sector. 4) Allowing depreciation claims by multiple fractional owners of an asset: Currently, provisions don’t exist for shared depreciation of a single asset owned by multiple companies. This is the fundamental reason why the fractional ownership model which has proven so successful globally does not work in India. We need to adopt the same measures in place in the United States and elsewhere to trigger the growth of this model in India. In fact, the same model could also be used in other industries where assets can be used more efficiently by sharing them among several users. Continued on page 24...

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news  at a glance

Dassault’s Falcon 8X sets new cross country speed record

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emonstrating unmatched airport performance, Dassault’s Falcon 8X recently set a new coast-to-coast speed record, flying from Santa Monica and its notoriously short 3,500 foot runway to Teterboro, New Jersey. The flight took just 4 hours and 28 minutes with overall poor tailwinds, averaging just five knots, over the trip. “Business aviation is about flying precisely where you need to be. Today’s flight on the Falcon 8X embodies everything that advanced design can accomplish: unparalleled airport performance, a quiet noise footprint and extended capability, all in a large cabin business jet,” said Eric Trappier, Chairman and CEO of Dassault Aviation. “This is not possible in any other business jet in the ultra-long range class.” The mission, with four passengers and 200 pounds of payload, beat a previous speed set when Santa Monica’s runway measured 5,000 feet, by 24 minutes. Santa Monica represents a specific challenge because of the length of its 3,500 foot runway and its strict noise abatement departure procedure. The airplane needed less than 2,000 feet of runway upon landing and a balanced field length only of 3,200 feet when it departed at 8:08 a.m. local time. Incredibly, the departure procedure and climb-out measured significantly below the 95 dBA SEL sound limit. The 8X landed in Teterboro at

3:36 p.m. local time. The record is pending official ratification by the National Aeronautic Association (NAA) in Washington, DC.  BAI

photographs: Dassault Aviation, Gulfstream Aerospace

Gulfstream G600 closes in on type certification

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ulfstream Aerospace Corp. has announced its all-new, awardwinning Gulfstream G600 is nearing the end of function and reliability (F&R) testing, the final stage of flying required for aircraft type certification by the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). “Once we finish F&R testing, the only thing left is the FAA’s final paperwork review,” said Mark Burns, president, Gulfstream. “Both

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certification and entry into service are just around the corner, so we’re excited to be close to delivering this high-performing, technologically advanced aircraft to customers.” “The rigor and discipline of our new G600 development programme is unmatched. Our unique program includes nearly 100,000 hours of flying in our research and development labs environment and more than 3,170 hours of flying in the air, producing reliable aircraft with an exceptional degree of maturity. That was our unique formula for success with the G500 and is for the G600 as well.” The G600 completed certification tests for flight into known icing in March, with F&R testing beginning in May. During F&R testing, the G600 will demonstrate that the aircraft, including its components and systems, is reliable and functioning properly. The testing covers a range of flight conditions, including hot and cold temperatures; low and high humidity; day and night operations; low and high field operations; and varying weather. Gulfstream has demonstrated the capabilities and maturity of the G600 since the first aircraft flew December 17, 2016. To date, the five G600 aircraft in the flight-test programme have completed more than 845 flights. The G600, which features three living areas and a crew rest, earned a 2018 International Yacht & Aviation Award for Private Jet Design. The aircraft has already flown 11 city-pair speed records and can fly 5,500 nautical miles/10,186 kilometers at its high-speed cruise of Mach 0.90 — connecting Hong Kong to Vienna.  BAI

BizAvIndia   |  ISSUE 2  | 2019

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SHOW REPORT  EBACE2019

Aircraft on display at Geneva Airport during EBACE2019

Innovation, Sustainability, Next Gen and Technology to the Fore   By Ayushee Chaudhary

PHOTOGRAPH: Ebace Show Management

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he most eagerly awaited business aviation event, European Business Aviation Convention & Exhibition (EBACE) successfully wrapped up year characterised by new products, new business models, and new investment opportunities. Held annually in Geneva at Geneva Airport and Palexpo conference center for three days, EBACE2019 was organised from May 21 to 23, 2019. Innovation initiated at EBACE2019 Innovation, sustainability and inspiration for the young minds emerged as the highlights of the EBACE2019. “Today, we have drones, we have electric vehicles, we have supersonic on the verge, we have commercial space launches going on all around us, and so we know we’re living in a time of change,” added said National Business Aviation Association (NBAA) President and CEO, Ed Bolen. EBACE2019 stressed on the significance of innovation through portrayal of technologies, concepts and prototypes as well as education

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Alternative Fuels, futuristic urban air mobility, tips on how to break into the BizAv industry and much more embellished business aviation’s largest event.

sessions regarding several future-looking developments like Flying Future: Electric Propulsion and Business Aviation,” “Global Trends, Blockchain and Business Aviation,” “eVTOL: an Urban Mobility Solution” and “Lexi, Book Me a Jet.” Exhibitions areas under the names of Innovation Zone, Innovation Pavilion, also adorned the show. Mockups of advanced vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) capabilities and the electrically-powered aircraft were part of the dynamic concepts displayed at the EBACE2019 Innovation Pavilion. Many new and well-received Innovation Zone sessions too featured including “Shark Tank”-style presentation of the proposals of the future leaders to encourage corporate social and environmental responsibility. Gliding into the future with sustainability A record number of airplanes arrived at the business aviation industry’s largest event fueled by sustainable alternative jet fuels (SAJF). 23 aircraft, all of which were a part of the event’s static display, reached Geneva Airport (GVA) for the annual EBACE2019 using

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SHOW REPORT  EBACE2019

alternative fuels in the first-ever EBACE SAJF ‘Fly-In’. “Nearly half the airplanes in the static display flew here [to EBACE2019] on SAJF,” said Brad Nolen, Bombardier vice president of marketing and strategy. “This is a drop-in fuel. All our airplanes, from the manufacturers sitting up here, can take this fuel, and when you fly on it, you will notice no difference.” At EBACE 2018, the SAJF consortium [General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA), EBAA, Innovation Business Acceleration Center (IBAC), NBAA and National Air Transportation Association (NATA)] had launched the SAJF guide. “This week’s record-setting EBACE SAJF Fly-In is a milestone in business aviation’s commitment to sustainability and reducing carbon emissions,” said EBAA Chairman of the Board of Governors Juergen Wiese. This step further highlights how crucial is the use and production of the alternate fuels for the business aviation industry’s commitment on climate change with the aim to achieve carbon neutral growth from 2020 forward. Not only that, EBACE2019 also hosted a panel of fuel and industry technical experts who discussed the properties of SAJF and its current and projected wider use within the business aviation sector. “This fuel is safe. It does not impact your maintenance. It does not impact your operation efficiency. It does not impact your performance of the aircraft,” said Wiese. Air BP, Avfuel, Aviator, Bombardier, Cirrus Aircraft, Daher, Dassault Aviation, Diamond Aircraft, Embraer, Gulfstream, JSSI, NESTE, Textron Aviation and World Fuel Services were some of the fuel providers for this remarkable moment. Major aircraft manufacturers like Bombardier, Gulfstream, Cirrus, Embraer, Piaggio, Dassault and Textron Aviation, fuelled up on SAJF for the presentation flights putting forth the vitality of SAJF. SAJF was provided at the specific airports particularly for aircraft manufacturers and operators to fly-in together to EBACE in Geneva. SAJF has been tested to meet all the same properties as kerosenWiese assured everyone that “there is no difference in performance.” As the head of BMW’s flight department, Wiese has flown his company’s aircraft on SAJF, saying it will become a way to align with parent companies’ sustainability goals.

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eVTOL aiming to touch the sky soon With sky taxis, drones, and other urban air mobility (UAM) techniques taking shape, a large focus seems to be narrowing on the concepts around electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft. EBACE2019 rightfully acknowledged that in a few years, eVTOL has gone from a dream to a fast-growing new sector, where aviation’s “big iron” manufacturers and tech startups are investing more than $1 billion a year. There are at least 120 companies working worldwide on eVTOL vehicles, noted EBACE. Engineers and entrepreneurs from eight of those companies showed off their concepts in the May 22 panel at EBACE2019 titled ‘eVTOL: an Urban Mobility Solution’. The advanced control systems that were developed for drones also have applications to eVTOL passenger aircraft. UAM took the centre stage at EBACE. Some of the electric vertical and vertical takeoff and landing aircraft making their presence felt at EBACE2019 were:  This edition of EBACE also witnessed the presence of VTOL manufactures including EHang, Volocopter and Lisa Airplanes. For the first time at EBACE, three companies brought mockups of unmanned vehicles, such as this FACC EHang 216 that caught much of attention.  The British luxury ‘boutique’ operator ConnectJets’ electric motor driven XP2 which has also been called as an eVTOL, was also flown on a mixture of ordinary and biofuel to EBACE2019, according to media reports.  Pegasus Universal Aerospace from South Africa also made its debut at EBACE2019 displaying it’s accomplishments with Pegasus One, the Vertical-Business-Jet (VBJ).  Another debut was made at EBACE2019 by the UK-based startup airframer Samad Aerospace displayed a flying scale prototype of its blended-wing concept, which uses fans integrated into its fuselage for lift, as well as a pair of aft tilting fans that provide forward thrust. Companies at EBACE2019 Over 50 state-of-the-art business aircraft were at display during EBACE2019 comprising of all sizes, from the latest ones to the legacy

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SHOW REPORT  EBACE2019

The EBACE “Firsts”  For

the first time, EBACE Innovation Pavilion showcased three different electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft and concepts, from FACC AG, MAEM and Pegasus.  23 aircraft (of the 58 aircraft on the sold-out outdoor display) arrived powered by sustainable alternative jet fuel (SAJF), as part of the inaugural EBACE SAJF “fly-in”, a milestone in dictating the industry’s support for development and adoption of the fuel.  The static display was also a location for other “firsts” among aircraft manufacturers: Bombardier’s Global 7500 made its post-certification debut at EBACE, and Embraer displayed the new Praetor 600 aircraft for the first time since being certified in Europe, the U.S. and Brazil.  BAI

aircraft like the Junkers F 13. Stretched over three halls at Palexpo, EBACE2019 featured nearly 400 exhibitors including 10 new ones, prominently located in the show’s New Exhibitor Pavilion: Boeing: A new Boeing Business Jet (BBJ) services bundle was introduced by Boeing at EBACE2019 along with the offering’s first customer, Hong Kong-based charter management company Metrojet. The services bundle includes 24/7 onboard performance tools, technical support, and maintenance planning data tailored to meet specific customer needs. Vital digital aviation tools for BBJ flight as well as maintenance crews are also provided by the bundle. Dassault Aviation: Dassault presented a full-scale mock-up of the new Falcon 6X, with the mock-up of Rafale and a representation of the new capabilities of Dassault Aviation’s Falcon maintenance networks. A Falcon 8X tri-jet, a Falcon 900LX tri-jet, and a Falcon 2000S twin-jet were presented in the static display by Dassault Aviation.

Textron: The company’s aircraft display included its new flagship, the Cessna Citation Longitude super-midsize business jet; a medevac-configured Cessna Citation Latitude midsize jet; and a Cessna Grand Caravan EX turboprop aircraft, 2018’s most popular turbine model, featuring the Garmin G1000 NXi avionics suite. Other aircraft in the static display area consisted of a Cessna Citation Latitude, a Cessna Citation XLS+ light midsize business jet, a Cessna Citation CJ3+ light jet; a Cessna Citation M2 entry level jet; and a Beechcraft King Air 350i turboprop aircraft. Also on display from Bell, a Textron company, was a Bell 429 and Bell 505. Volocopter: An eVTOL air taxi with a 22-mile range, 400 pounds of payload capacity and a very quiet operating profile, its latest model is designed for short-range, urban missions. Airbus: At EBACE, the only manufacture with its own VIP subsidiary in Airbus Corporate Helicopters, Airbus announced the delivery of the first of the two ACH145s to a private customer to fly to and land on superyacht. Leonardo: The aerospace, defence and security company, Leonardo signed a contract at EBACE for an AW109 GrandNew and an AW109 Trekker in VIP configuration. Making way for budding professionals Young professionals from the business aviation industry came together to inspire, encourage and guide students about making their way into this profession. To bridge that gap between employers and potential employees, EBACE2019 featured the annual Careers in Business Aviation Day, now in its fourth year, for students and recent graduates, and presented a session called, “How I Broke Into Business Aviation and You Can Too” along with the young professionals (YoPro) session. EBACE also provided an opportunity for EBAA to announce the opening of nominations for the second delegation of students sponsored by the association to participate in the One Young World summit, an initiative that is part of EBAA’s Expanding Horizons campaign.  BAI

...Continued from page 20 5) Transactional ease for frequent sale and purchase of fraction shares: The success of any aircraft fractional ownership programme depends on transactional ease and smoothness for those who want to enter or upgrade or sell their fractional shares. A participant in a fractional ownership program cannot sell in the open market to an unknown entity. The program provider must be involved to guarantee compliances and smooth buyback transactions. The Government needs to make such transactions easy. By extension, the whole aircraft transaction needs to be made easier. The current 28 per cent GST chargeable level is a big disincentive for the programme as no customer likes to lose money and will devise transactions that are legally carried out in a jurisdiction with the lowest cash leakages. To counter this, the GST chargeable must be reduced to 5 per cent or even zero. The resulting taxation gains to the country would come not just from these buy/sell transactions but also from taxation revenues from allied services: airport usage charges, fuel offtake, MRO work, and so on. It is vital that potential aircraft owners do not view the buy/sell transaction process as a major hurdle to cross if India wants to com-

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pete with the U.S., which has over 10,000 registered business aircraft. “We have been doing business in India for more than 10 years, and there is so much unrealised potential there,” says Andre Khury, President of global support services leader ACASS. “If the Indian Government would take the steps necessary to open up the market to aircraft management and fractional ownership companies, it could easily become one of, if not the, top growth sectors in international business aviation.” This view is not just held by business owners like Khury. According to a senior executive in large global bank, “The absence of professional aircraft management companies, which have been embraced across the globe, has been a major roadblock for many financial institutions who would like to offer business aircraft financing in India.” If the Government were to set up a joint task force with international specialists on board to explore how to make business aviation services take off in India, there is little doubt the solutions and steps arrived at would be transformative. Aircraft management and fractional ownership programme companies would benefit as a result, but the real winner would be the Indian business environment and economy.  BAI

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