Title: The Challenge of Crafting an Ivory Trade Dissertation
Embarking on the journey of writing a dissertation is a formidable task, and when it comes to a complex subject like the ivory trade, the difficulties are magnified. Crafting a dissertation requires meticulous research, in-depth analysis, and a comprehensive understanding of the topic. The ivory trade, with its multifaceted nature, presents unique challenges that demand a high level of expertise and dedication from researchers.
One of the primary challenges in writing an ivory trade dissertation is the need for extensive data collection. Unearthing reliable and up-to-date information on the historical, cultural, economic, and ecological aspects of the ivory trade is a daunting task. Moreover, the topic is often entangled with political and ethical dimensions, adding layers of complexity to the research process.
The synthesis of diverse perspectives and the creation of a coherent narrative pose another hurdle. Weaving together the intricate threads of the ivory trade story while maintaining a balanced and unbiased viewpoint requires a keen analytical mind and exceptional writing skills. Navigating through conflicting viewpoints and controversial debates in the field demands a nuanced approach.
Additionally, the sheer volume of literature on the ivory trade can be overwhelming. Sorting through numerous academic papers, reports, and case studies to distill relevant and valuable information is a time-consuming endeavor. Furthermore, the need for a comprehensive literature review that establishes the groundwork for the dissertation further adds to the complexity of the task.
For those facing the formidable challenge of writing a dissertation on the ivory trade, seeking professional assistance can be a prudent choice. Helpwriting.net offers a dedicated team of experts with a wealth of experience in crafting high-quality dissertations. Their specialized knowledge in the field ensures that your dissertation will be meticulously researched, well-organized, and expertly written.
Ordering from ⇒ HelpWriting.net⇔ allows you to leverage the expertise of seasoned professionals who understand the intricacies of the ivory trade. By entrusting your dissertation to their capable hands, you can focus on other aspects of your academic journey while ensuring that your work meets the highest standards of quality and rigor.
In conclusion, tackling the task of writing an ivory trade dissertation is undeniably challenging. To navigate the complexities of this intricate subject, consider enlisting the support of ⇒ HelpWriting.net⇔ – a reliable partner in academic writing that can help you successfully overcome the hurdles of crafting a dissertation on the ivory trade.
I am not judgemental of those involved in the ivory trade, but poachers, traders and end consumers need to be educated (maybe with the help of NGOs) that they must have a sense of responsibility and sustainability - Once the elephant specie becomes extinct, where are they going to get future supplies of ivory from. CITES is under pressure to devise innovative methods to allow ivory trade while ensuring elephant conservation. Writer Elaine Larson, National Geographic Society Editor National Geographic Society Producers J.J. Kelley Elaine Larson, National Geographic Society other Last Updated October 19, 2023 User Permissions For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. Support Us U.S. Edition Open editions submenu The Blog Animal Welfare ivory animal protection Crush the Ivory Trade I applaud the United States government for taking this bold and very public step to show the world that only elephants should wear ivory. Your task is to write a newspaper article into this problem. Include. The European Union also issued a position paper in July, opposing a complete ban on the domestic ivory trade, instead advocating for countries with a growing number of elephants to “ sustainably manage ” their populations. Kolodko (1999) further asserts that the incorrect assumption regarding the rate that emerging markets can substitute government for institutional investors, have caused “severe contraction and growing social stress” within the transition economies. Even though the international trade in ivory has been banned for more than 25 years, a flourishing black market has led to the slaughter of elephants, as well as the people charged with protecting them. Therefore, any trade in Ivory from any species should be completely banned to stop the demand and finally put an end to the ivory trade. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. Of key importance are the new institutional arrangements required for successful transformation. Field research among illegal ivory traders aims to give an answer. Species threatened with extinction are listed under Appendix 1. In 2012, poachers killed 668 rhinos in South Africa, a country that has only 21,000 rhinos to begin with. If you would like to consider supporting our projects, you can donate through our website. Subscribe now ! If you’re already a subscriber or you’re reading this on the app, you can just go ahead and read the story. The Best Romantic Comedies to Watch on Netflix Want Weekly Recs on What to Watch, Read, and More. For instance, China and India are respectively the 2nd and 4th countries with the highest GDP as at 2009, after only recently liberalising their markets in recent years, as opposed to other western countries further down the list (Piasecki and Wolnicki, 2005). Correlations studies were conducted on all three figures initially shown in Table 1. However, in dictatorships, such as in China, rulers are less likely to open up their economies, however, those who do so are able to suppress liberalisation and market economy opposition groups, thereby making liberalisation more pervasive and effective. A new domestic ban was backed by most of the 217 members of the IUCN and may help save elephants that are now rampantly being poached. Despite this, the Asian demand was beginning to soar Here’s an infographic celebrating his iconic brand endorsements. The WTO requires that ascension countries adopt to specific trade agreements such as the TRIPS, TRIMS and GATTS agreements that protect international investors in issues such as Intellectual Property, Foreign Direct Investments and trade in Goods and Services (Wilson et al, 2002). This will mean a lot for our ability to bring you news, perspectives and analysis from the ground so that we can make change together. They continue to be killed because domestic trade is still allowed in countries like Zimbabwe. That's why our journalism is free for everyone, even though other newsrooms retreat behind expensive paywalls. Many people are also uneasy about the idea of making money from wildlife and are particularly uncomfortable when it involves animals as majestic as elephants,” explains Smith Paying to kill Hunters have always said that they pay for conservation Thus, even if trade often leads to increasing environmental and other severe threats, governments as “defenders of the status quo” are not the likely actors involved in reducing those threats. (Ibid.) A further problem of the traditional diplomatic ways of handling matters is “the nature of the actors themselves”
It was not possible to use animals to transport the ivory due to the severity of tropical diseases that infected animals such as horses or camels, therefore humans did the heavy lifting. The UgandaCongo border area is an example of one of these nodes; historically, this border region has been a node for smuggling, bringing together a wide range of traders and commodities. Otherwise poor practices, corruption, and unsustainability that plague some parts of the hunting world, will completely tarnish the really excellent examples of good practice. Writer Elaine Larson, National Geographic Society Editor National Geographic Society Producer J.J. Kelley other Last Updated
October 19, 2023 User Permissions For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Field research among illegal ivory traders aims to give an answer. Elephants were uplisted to appendix II in 1978 and in 1985 the parties to CITES established the first export quotas and trade control systems.(Ibid.125) CITES, the intergovernmental institution could do but little to handle the wider elephant problem, there was need for non-state actors to get involved. Also the United Kingdom is currently considering a total ban on ivory sales, with minimal exceptions. The introduction of competition would aid small and medium indigenous businesses to ramp up their operations and compete more effectively, thereby improving the business environment in Kazakhstan. For transition economies, gradual processes could only lead to fully viable market economies, as radical “shock therapies” usually cause more problems than solved. Reporting in this current political climate is a responsibility we do not take lightly, and we thank you for your support. Romanach Targeting wildlife crime interventions through geographic profiling October 28, 2019 - 11:58 am J. In case of trade, two types of non-state actors are of utter importance, namely trans-national corporations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Due to the widely available nature of this data, and the manner in which they have been gathered, it could be concluded that the data gathered for this data is reliable. This ongoing research is a (humble) attempt to contribute to the debate on illegal ivory trade, more particularly in the ways in which raw ivory is moved towards exit points, and a further unpacking of the various categories of ivory traders. Delivery in a month,” he says, adding, “50,000 HKD for ivory and 48,000 HKD for carving.” When we ask him when and where the ivory was procured, he curtly asks us to leave. However, the most significant immediate cause of death has been poaching encouraged by the increasing demand and price for ivory after the World Wars. The countries voted to place African elephants on CITES' Appendix 1, which prohibits trade in ivory and other elephant parts. Legal trade fuels the demand, the industry and the continuing slaughtering of elephants. Bencivenga and Smith (1991) found that efficient financial markets promote domestic and foreign investments, thereby speeding up the process of economic growth. Globalisation has since equated with the democratization of global economic growth, an activity that converges the interest of both rich and poor counties. Similarities include those of trade chain dynamics, loss of trade assets to seizures, consumer end product distribution, and data collection methodology, among others. A wave of poaching has swept across Africa, starting in West Africa (which has less than two per cent of its elephants remaining) and taking 65 per cent of the elephants in Central Africa.” . In particular, within Czech Republic and Georgia, output fell between 15% and 75%, whilst the subsequent recovery was not enough to make up for depleted output. As to the matter of timing, we will do it expeditiously, as quickly as we can, but this will require legislative amendments and that will be a matter for the Legislative Council.” . The study, published in Biological Conservation in 2007, was designed to measure the impact of sport hunting beyond the park on the lion population within the park. Feel free to contact us with any questions or requests. The agreement was made during a conference held by the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) in Johannesburg on Sunday as a means to combat elephant poaching, reports the Guardian. Furthermore, Shan et al (2001) asserts that the number of nations dependent on international trade, foreign direct investments and global financial markets has increased significantly, which has then increased the bargaining power of multinational firms against developing countries. This has even been more rapid for Kazakhstan that is rich in mineral resources such as Oil and Gas, however, what effect has it had on economic growth, and most importantly, human development within Kazakhstan.
However, advances in international trade and investments within democratic market economies of the developed West was eventually seen as indisputable proof of the need for a neo-liberal model in encouraging economic growth (Shan et al, 2001). National anthem: Song of Abigan. Area: Sq. miles:124,504. Ivory Coast. Population: 21,952,093. Include: An introduction to the African Elephant, where and how it lives, and what makes it a special animal. By late 1970s and 1980s many programmes were being developed, based on the sustainable use of crocodilians to generate conservation benefits for several subspecies, including the Nile crocodile, Saltwater crocodile, American alligator, Spectacled Caiman and New Guinea crocodile. Fries and Taci (2002) depict that trade liberalisation and corruption should have significant contributing influences on the level of economic growth within Kazakhstan. Opinions are divided on what effect this has had on poaching. There is huge pressure on China too to ban ivory trade and President Xi Jinping has already constituted a working group to prepare an effective ivory ban policy. “The government has apprised ivory carvers and traders to exhaust their stock within 12 months. Around the same time the ability to mass produce ivory carvings improved leading to ever increasing elephant killing and according to some estimates 200-300 elephants were killed by poachers daily. (Ibid. 122) The response began with Ghana listing African elephants on appendix III of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 1976. Trade Records Analysis of Flora and Fauna in Commerce (TRAFFIC), the wildlife trade monitoring network, indicates that between 2000 and April 2014, at least 1,590 tigers were poached around the world. Also the United Kingdom is currently considering a total ban on ivory sales, with minimal exceptions. Wildlife trafficking involves increasingly sophisticated criminal networks and ranks as one of the largest global sources of international crime. Furthermore, Member States are being used as transit countries to smuggle illegal ivory from elephants poached in Africa to Asia The director of Zimbabwe’s CAMPFIRE programme, Charles Jonga, says, “Our information shows that communities are receiving 55 per cent of income directly from safari operators. But with inadequate revenue to support these operations, poaching is likely to continue. According to the US based National Law Centre for Inter-American Free Trade, the developed countries only attained that status by protecting their intellectual property and enacting some protectionist measures that favoured the development of their indigenous industries, such as high import tariffs, import substitution and export subsidies. It is estimated that only 10 million elephants remained in Africa in 1900 and by 1979 only 1.3 million elephants were left. Based on these results, and analyses thereafter, it was concluded that trade liberalisation is indeed beneficial for transitioning economies as it positively influences human development and economic growth, this economic growth in turn promotes investment inflow and domestic savings within the country. However, contradicting views exist on its effect on human development and social welfare within the developing and transitioning economies. If we are permitted to do sport hunting and trade in a legal way, it will help us a lot ” Overpopulation and poaching South Africa faces the same dilemma. Here’s an infographic celebrating his iconic brand endorsements. The WTO requires that ascension countries adopt to specific trade agreements such as the TRIPS, TRIMS and GATTS agreements that protect international investors in issues such as Intellectual Property, Foreign Direct Investments and trade in Goods and Services (Wilson et al, 2002). He says that CITES may not have thought of this problem while imposing the ban. “Legalising ivory trade will not end the problem,” says Henley. “As long as there is ivory available, the killing will continue.” Most of the illegal trade is, in fact, apparently happening at the less expensive end of the market, with seizure data showing enormous amounts entering China, explains Harvey. On the other hand, doing so could be useful, in order to further unpack and understand the illegal ivory trade(rs). Despite some of these companies had implemented a few rules, the illegal and uncontrolled market continues to flourish on the internet markets and these companies continue to profit millions of dollars through illegal ivory trade. In addition, Fidrmuc finds that most post communist countries have not regained their levels of output since having liberalised in 1990s. Educational value beyond the transfer of essential knowledge. Samantha Lake. Cote D’Ivoire is not land-locked; Its southern part of the country is bordered by the Gulf of Guinea. They have succeeded in replacing old stated
owned institutions with new ones patterned after similar western institutions, in a bit to achieve market economy governments, required for sustainable growth. The African Elephant is under threat from poachers killing them for their ivory tusks.
Interactives Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. Krueger (1974) advocates that countries that are open, measured in terms of their share of imports in GDP, have lesser options of corruption, as the opening of trade barriers decreases the incentive for importers and custom officials to exchange bribes. Residents of countries with high human development index, usually have a better life expectancy, education and standard of living, and therefore can live comfortably without poverty worries. Many transnational actors therefore depend on historically embedded trading networks. The sort of economic liberalisation also differs in countries, as it is often a factor of whether or not it is a democracy. International corporations are driven mostly to operate in developing countries, due to their cost savings measures, they actually invest in these regions because they are of lower cost, therefore decreasing their emphasis to contribute toward these measures. However, advances in international trade and investments within democratic market economies of the developed West was eventually seen as indisputable proof of the need for a neo-liberal model in encouraging economic growth (Shan et al, 2001). And a life insurance plan protects your family from this kind of contingency. Thus confirming the first part of Hypothesis 2, which states that Trade and market policies have positively influenced economic growth in terms of GDP. The country’s elephants have grown in numbers to a point of overpopulation. IH 744 Program Design for International Health- Objectives. A term plan or an endowment plan Nobody wants their dependents to suffer financially in their absence. There equally has been a range of interesting studies relying on insights from law enforcement officers, which particularly highlight how corruption is driving illegal trade. Ivory trade was banned in 1989 by the Convention for International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), an international agreement between 181 governments to ensure that trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. Foreign investors were weary about investing in these previously unexplored markets, while state owned enterprises were ineffective, previously been given several lifelines by state owned banks. The onus in recent years has been on these countries including Kazakhstan to build their markets, set up a central bank, and encourage foreign investment. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Trade Records Analysis of Flora and Fauna in Commerce (TRAFFIC), the wildlife trade monitoring network, indicates that between 2000 and April 2014, at least 1,590 tigers were poached around the world. And in two weeks, the parties to CITES will meet to discuss wildlife and conservation efforts Meaning there’s a dead elephant behind every piano key, billiard ball, chess set and decorative item that’s fashioned from ivory Trade Liberalisation data has been obtained from Heritage.org as initially described. 10 year quantitative data have been obtained from their respective websites and plotted against each other in SPSS. It has a population density of 5.7 persons per sq. km, among the world’s lowest Li Zhang, professor of ecology at Beijing Normal University, China, says that CITES’ move to auction ivory stockpile proved fatal for African elephants “The auction opened up the diminishing ivory market and its effect is still continuing with rampant poaching of elephants,” Li says. Elton, Freddie, Oban, Sasha, Siyaya, Savannah, Tbilisi and Aasha) into Madhya Pradesh’s Kuno National Park. There was a lack of financial intermediaries and entrepreneurship. This January, Leung Chun-ying, head of Hong Kong’s administration, announced plans to ban ivory trade. The findings suggest that approaches and theories should be extracted from existing narcotics analyses and applied to future ivory market studies. Media If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. As one article in the Economist notes ? “The existence of even a small legal market increases the incentive for poaching Particularly the Elephant Trade Information System (ETIS), the global database of reported seizures of illegal ivory has led to a number of excellent analyses.
Please agree to all the terms and conditions before proceeding to the next step Already a member? Login. Meaning there’s a dead elephant behind every piano key, billiard ball, chess set and decorative item that’s fashioned from ivory. Regarding the CAMPFIRE figures, Vernon Booth, a wildlife conservation ecologist in Zimbabwe, says, “You will see that it is not that easy to arrive at an amount that each individual in a community would potentially receive. Seventh Annual National Conference March 8-10, 2012 Costa Mesa, California, USA. I am not judgemental of those involved in the ivory trade, but poachers, traders and end consumers need to be educated (maybe with the help of NGOs) that they must have a sense of responsibility and sustainability - Once the elephant specie becomes extinct, where are they going to get future supplies of ivory from. Kazakhstan has fully liberalised its market, whilst adopting democracy, and according to Salih (2005), democracies are effective in liberalising economies, whilst open markets are effective in expanding trade. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. This is where the ivory would be taken from Africa, across the Mediterranean to Europe, or central and East Asia. The results were published in International Affairs and the British Journal of Criminology, and are summarized in this analysis brief. It is estimated that only 10 million elephants remained in Africa in 1900 and by 1979 only 1.3 million elephants were left. In doing so, it shows how this trade functions in a decentralized and loose fashion. Foo (2005) theorises that domestic savings is a side effect of the benefit of trade openness, which also promotes FDI, as financial intermediaries have more funds to lend to foreign investors who want to engage in domestic services. Figures were obtained from the World Bank statistical website, and analysed against other indices in order to answer Hypothesis 2 and 3. In contrast, economic liberalisations that are often preceded by democratisation often result in lower trade. In other words, the more ivory became criminalized, the more criminal linkages were needed to remain active in the trade, and the more significant power differences became. Therefore, we request the Commission to publish detailed data on ivory seizures by EU Member States, and the number of permits issued for legal trade in the EU, information that is currently held by Member State government agencies. We would like your permission to use third party cookies. Knight adds, “By this I mean that the hunting associations will only patronise those concessions, and the professional hunters and outfitters that sign up to the certification system.” Rosie Cooney, the Chair of the IUCN’s Sustainable Use and Livelihoods Specialist Group, summarises, “We need to move towards such a certification system, and we need the big, developing-world based hunting organisations to show leadership on this. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)? ?an international agreement between governments of 184 countries, banned the international trade of ivory and associated products, to protect the gentle giants. Media If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. In June 2017 Hong Kong published a bill to totally ban ivory trade by 2021. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our They’re also used in luxury items, billiard balls, and piano keys. Linear regression analyses would thereby be conducted on all observations, with the aim of ascertaining the extent to which these variables influence one another. These nodes can be both traders (such as middlemen), and locations (such as border towns), connecting these various levels. They were hunted to extinction around the 4 th Century C.E. The ivory trade began to decline for several centuries after that. A IFAW study dated Aug 2017 indicated Belgium (Bruxelles) as the larger illegal trading point in the world, then UK, France, Switzerland, Italy. Please use a genuine email ID and provide your name. Opinions differ over how to deal with the upsurge and associated illegal ivory trade.
