Sparks Magazine Winter 2016 Issue

WINTER 2016

INSIDE...

HOW TO PREPARE FOR THE AM2 ASSESSMENT SPOTLIGHT ON STEPHENSON COLLEGE REVISION EXERCISES

WIN

BROTHER LABELLING KIT & A PAIR OF BLÅKLÄDER CRAFTSMAN TROUSERS

x THE FINAL At the start of the year students from across the country began to compete in the regional heats of the 2016 Sparks Apprentice Of The Year competition.

It’s now not long to the final, where the winners of each region will compete for the top spot of Apprentice Of The Year.

As part of our involvement we will be giving the winner a brand new toolkit, including the Kompakt VDE Adjustable Torque Kit, a W1 Maintenance Kit, a Stainless Steel VDE screwdriver set, and much more‌ Prizes will also be up for grabs for two runners up. Good luck to the finalists, and well done to everyone who has competed so far!

BE A TOOL REBEL wera-tools.co.uk

@WeraToolsUK wera-tools.co.uk 01246 277756

@WeraToolsUK

EDITOR’S NOTE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

01

WINTER 2016

INSIDE...

HOW TO PREPARE FOR THE AM2 ASSESSMENT SPOTLIGHT ON STEPHENSON COLLEGE REVISION EXERCISES

WIN

BROTHER LABELLING KIT & A PAIR OF BLÅKLÄDER CRAFTSMAN TROUSERS

EDITOR: RACHEL MACSWEENEY editor@sng-publishing.co.uk TECHNICAL PROOFREADER: Michael Davies & Bradley McKay ADVERTISING: SUE CATT sue.catt@sng-publishing.co.uk GRAPHIC DESIGN: STUDIO 74 www.studio-74.co.uk PUBLISHER: CELIA MATTHEWS celia.matthews@sng-publishing.co.uk PRINTERS Stephens & George, England GENERAL ENQUIRIES To subscribe to SPARKS Magazine call 0870 774 3049 or subscribe online at www.sparks-magazine.co.uk DISCLAIMER SPARKS Magazine is published by SNG Publishing Ltd (SNG). All content and artwork is © SNG Publishing Ltd or its contributors and SNG is a trade mark of SNG Publishing Ltd. No part of SPARKS Magazine may be copied, transmitted or published in any form or by any means without prior permission.

Although SNG has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of this publication, it does not verify any claims or other information appearing in the advertisements contained in SPARKS Magazine. It therefore cannot accept any responsibility whatsoever for consequences that may arise from the content or artwork contained in SPARKS Magazine, including any errors or omissions or any opinions or advice given therein. This publication and its content is not a substitute for professional advice on a particular matter.

Advertisements are accepted for publication in SPARKS Magazine only upon SNG Publishing Ltd standard terms of advertising.

Welcome to the first issue of SPARKS for 2016!

As we start the New Year, there’s lots to look forward to including the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year. The regional heats are already underway, with the final taking place on 9th and 10th March.

In this issue we take a look at Stephenson College where the final of the competition will be held. We also hear from the competition sponsors including Megger, Click Scolmore, Trade Direct and Wera Tools. Supporting apprentices is essential for our industry, and the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year is designed to encourage and reward skill.

Elsewhere in the magazine we talk to Ben Moseley, an apprentice, about why he switched careers to the electrical industry. We also look at the latest industry news from colleges around the country, and hear from some of the industry’s leading manufacturers about new products and best practice.

In the second half of the magazine you’ll find our practical exercises, and don’t forget you can download the answers from our website www.sparks-magazine.co.uk, where you’ll also find all the latest news and industry updates available on a daily basis. Don’t forget to take a look at the ‘Hall of Shame’ which is on the website, as well as in the magazine.

If you have any news you’d like to tell us about, or any stories you think we should feature in the magazine, then just get in touch with us at editor@sng-publishing.co.uk

Rachel MacSweeney EDITOR

© SNG Publishing Ltd, 2016

SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

/SPARKSMAG

/SPARKSMAGAZINE

02 WINTER ISSUE 2016 | CONTENTS

Wiring Systems & Containment Wiring Containment Multiple Choice Questions Industrial Electrical Installations Selecting Data Using the IET On-site Guide Circuit Protection Multiple Choice Revision Practice Electrical Machines Electrical Machines Multiple Choice Questions Laws of Illumination Lighting Transformers

FEATURES

PAGE 06

25 26 28 29 32 34 37 39 40 42 43

WIN

PAGE 10

SYLLABUS

08 College Profile

Sparks took a look at Stephenson College, the home of the 2016 final of the Sparks UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition

10 Sparks UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year

Pressure mounts as the 2016 Regional Heats get underway

12 National Competition Sponsors

Details on all our 2016 sponsors

16 Be Prepared

NET offers advice to apprentices preparing to sit the AM2

PAGE 15

17 Quality Tools

Klein Tools explains why buying budget tools is not always the most economical choice long-term

18 Apprentice Interview

Sparks talks to electrical apprentice Ben Moseley

Megger provides a step-by-step guide for the safe isolation of low-voltage electrical installations

20 Cable Selection

A fire-resistant cable installation guide from Prysmian

21 Setting the Standard

PAGE 18

19 Die Another Day

EAL highlight what’s different about the new Trailblazer qualification

22 Stay Safe When Working Hands On

Bahco hand tools highlight their top 5 tips on how to protect your hands from strain or injury Click Scolmore talk Sparks through fitting their Inceptor downlights

REGULARS 01 04 45 46 48 49

Editor’s Note Industry News Products & Services Hall of Shame Tea Break Time Just for Fun Wordsearch

COMPETITIONS 06 WIN a Brother PT-E550WSP Electrical Labelling Kit 24 WIN a pair of Blåkläder Craftsman Trousers

PAGE 20

PAGE 19

23 Step-by-Step Installation Guide

04

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | NEWS

INDUSTRY NEWS READ THE FULL STORY IN THE NEWS SECTION OF SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

POWERBALL IS A HUGE SUCCESS The PowerBall event organised

by The Electrical Industries Charity was a massive success, raising £236,000. Over 1000 guests enjoyed a night of glittering entertainment which included some of the best music from the Motown era. The headline entertainment, Dancing in the Streets, took guests on a journey through the incredible sound of Motown including music by artists such as The Supremes, James Brown and Stevie Wonder.

The special guest of the evening was 23-year-old, Brendan Mosley, who was in desperate need of additional funding to attend university and fulfil his dream of becoming an engineer. Brendan is now studying for his engineering degree at Huddersfield University and the charity was able to help him by giving him a grant of £500 each term for books and supplies.

Speaking at this year’s PowerBall, Brendan said: “It’s very difficult to fund your own degree and I am very thankful for the help that I received from the Charity.”

Managing Director, Tessa Ogle says: “PowerBall is an opportunity for our industry to come together and support each other. Brendan is one of the many people who have benefited from the help and support of the charity. We are pleased to be able to help him achieve his dreams.”  ELECTRICALCHARITY.ORG

NEW TRAINING CENTRE FOR NORWICH East of England Electrical Training (EEET) recently opened a new training centre in Norwich, with Chloe Smith, Member of Parliament for Norwich North, attending the official opening. City & Guilds has awarded full Centre and Qualification Approval to East of England Electrical Training and the centre is also fully accredited by Blue Flame Certification and approved by NAPIT. Mike Smith, Technical Director at EEET, said: “The need for a high quality centre to support the electrical industry in the region is clear following the unfortunate closure of Eagit Training in July 2014, which for many years provided the backbone of both formal qualifications and bespoke training for the sector in Norwich, Norfolk and beyond.

We were keen to ensure that not only the facilities for training but the wealth of teaching experience would not be lost to the local industry by opening this new centre.”

Chloe Smith, Member of Parliament for Norwich North, said: “It’s great to see that the centre is already engaged with local industry employers, both large and small, who are seeking to make use of the training provision available. I was proud to attend the opening of such a fantastic venture for the region.”  EEET.CO.UK

A WIN FOR APPRENTICE LUKE! Luke Mullan, who works for leading electrical contractor Clarkson Evans, was recently named “Apprentice of the Year” at the national Electrical Industry Awards 2015. Clarkson Evans nominated Luke for the “Electrical Apprentice of the Year” award as he is a first class electrical apprentice who has positively embraced his role as an Oxfordshire Apprenticeships Ambassador.

The Electrical Industry Awards, organised by the Electrical Times, are the longest running and most respected awards championing excellence across the electrical industry. Luke was presented with his award at a glittering awards ceremony at The Royal Garden Hotel, Kensington.

Clarkson Evans is passionate about developing young people through electrical apprenticeships and aims to be a beacon of best practice in terms of apprenticeship development.

Luke, who lives in Bicester, said: “I was so surprised when they announced that I had won the award as I was up against some stiff competition. It’s great to be publicly rewarded for my efforts and winning the award is one of the highlights of my career.”  CLARKSONEVANS.CO.UK

NEWS | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

BURSARY HELPS SPARKY WOMEN BREAK INTO INDUSTRY Two young women are hoping to benefit from a campaign designed to boost the number of females working in the traditionally male dominated world of construction. Shauna Wigglesworth and Cariad Thomas-Cooke are currently studying to become electricians at The Sheffield College. They are being supported along the way by Sheffield-based women’s group WEST (Women in Engineering Science and Technology) and the NICEIC.

We want to make choosing a career in the trades...a viable one for women of all ages.”

Liz Kettle, outreach worker with WEST commented: “Attitudes within the construction industry have changed dramatically in the last 20 years and seeing a woman out on site is not the closed shop it once might have been. However, the number of females actually choosing to become a plumber, builder or electrician is still very low. We want to highlight that fact and make choosing a career in the trades a legitimate career option and a viable one for women of all ages.”

WEST joined up with NICEIC at the start of this year with the aim of creating more opportunities in the sector for women.

Together they created a bursary to help fund their studies throughout the course and will provide additional support to help them find work placements with local firms.

Shauna, 24, is currently in the second year of her City and Guilds Level 3 qualification. She said: “I was buzzing when I heard I’d got the funding. It’s given me a lot of stress relief, and will really help me with my plans to be an electrician.  WESTSKILLS.ORG.UK NICEIC.COM

BUILDING A BETTER FUTURE FOR DEAF TRADESPERSONS Like many domestic construction companies, Ankura provides a variety of typical building, renovation, and plumbing services. However, they have a rather unique ethos to strive to provide deaf people in London an avenue into employment, as, they believe, many skilled deaf people in London are needlessly unemployed.

The Ankura Team together with The company’s MD, 40 year Barking & Dagenham College staff old Bianca Koslowski from North London is deaf and decided to set up Ankura in June this year. Since setting up her business, Bianca has recruited 7 people who are deaf, 5 of whom are studying on evening courses at Barking & Dagenham College.

Bianca, who is also studying at the College explains: “Originally, I chose to attend Barking & Dagenham College because of the location - it was easy for me to get to. On visiting the College, I realised the fantastic support that they offer for deaf students and that became another reason that I chose for my employees to come here.”

“We are unique in the construction sector - we have a workforce that is made up of, and led by, deaf people! In a society and economy where deaf people are often put at a disadvantage in gaining and keeping employment, we take pride in providing an environment free from many of those common barriers otherwise present in the workplace.

We are also very proud to be a Two Ticks Employer, as well as a Living Wage employer.”

Three of the company’s employees are studying for a City & Guilds in Electrical Installation and Bianca plus two others are studying for the Chartered Institute of Building (CIOB) Certificate in Site Supervisory Studies. The College’s support for its deaf students includes providing a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter, with lecturers using technology such as iPads to teach. Bianca’s employees are actually the first deaf students to study the CIOB qualification at the College and they would like to encourage others to do so. The College’s Course Advisers are trained in basic sign language.  BDC.AC.UK

LATEST ECA POLL FINDS 8 IN 10 FIRMS SEE TURNOVER STEADY OR INCREASED Almost 8 in 10 contractors (79%) in the electrical and building services industries say turnover increased or remained steady in the third quarter of 2015, according to a new study from the Electrical Contractors’ Association (ECA).

The ECA’s Quarterly Business Trends Survey (QBTS) for Q3 2015 also found that:  Firms with turnover £1m - £5m were the biggest winners, with over 8 in 10 (84%) seeing turnover increase or steady in Q3, up 10 per cent on the previous quarter.  Larger contractors (turnover over £5m) had very similar results to Q2, with nearly 7 in 10 firms (69%) reporting a rise in turnover.  However, firms with turnover £200k - £1m had a mixed third quarter, with an increase in both the number of contractors reporting a rise - and fall - in turnover.

Looking to the final quarter of 2015, 7 out of 10 respondents expected to see turnover increase or stay the same as in Q3. However, this is slightly less optimistic than respondents in the previous quarter.

Shauna Wigglesworth (left) and Cariad Thomas-Cooke are hoping to show that becoming an electrician is not just for men

 ECA.CO.UK

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | COMPETITION

S E H C N U A L R E H T O R B G N I L L E B A L E V I S U L C X E S N A I C I R T C E L E R O F L DEA Brother is helping electricians and electrical contractors to work efficiently, professionally and in line with wiring regulations, with the launch of its new PT-E550WSP electrical labelling kit.

The exclusive deal is built around Brother’s flagship PT-E550W label printer and includes a protective case, charger and battery, plus four durable tapes for just £129 (exc. VAT) – saving almost £160.* The PT-E550W, which launched last year, is a smart label printer which enables electricians to print durable, compliant labels for electrical installations through built-in labelling functions or a PC connection.

Users can also print labels from a smartphone or tablet with Brother’s free Cable Label app. The app offers a wide range of templates, meaning electricians can design bespoke labels on mobile devices and print them instantly.

This ease of use has led to widespread usage in the industry and over 6.5 kilometers of tape has been printed via the app in the UK alone.** The four tapes included are specifically chosen to help users with applications such as warning and instructional labels, PAT test labels, cable wrap / flag, plus clear identification of RCDs on metal consumer units and distribution boards.

This bundle deal is available now while stocks last. *Based on suggested retail pricing of individual items

W I N

**April – November 2015

For your chance to win one of Brother’s new PT-E550WSP electrical labelling kits, simply answer the following question.

Q. How many kilometres of Brother’s durable label tape have been used by electricians to date? a. 6.5 kilometres b. 5 kilometres c. 2 kilometres Email your answer to admin@sng-publishing.co.uk before 29th February to be in with a chance of winning. We’ll notify the winner soon after the competition closes.

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Quality public liability insurance policies at trade prices Make Trade Direct Insurance your first choice for trade insurance

M, o £5nsions t p Visit the trade insurance specialists at ru te coveional ex y t i www.tradedirectinsurance.co.uk l abi of opt ic Li or call us on 08000 280 380.

Publ a range s u Quote PRESS5 to get a 5% discount (off net premium). pl Promotional discount applies to net premium – before IPT, Admin Fee and Charge for credit (where applicable) Trade Direct Insurance Services Ltd is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority.

TD0053-1503

08

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | COLLEGE PROFILE

N O T H G I L T O SP

N O S N E STE PH E G E L L O C

The finals of the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year 2016 will be held at Stephenson College on 9th and 10th March. We took a look at the college to see what’s on offer for apprentices.

Stephenson College has a large state of the art campus in Coalville Leicestershire along with a smaller campus in Nottingham and the Lee Stafford Academy in Nottingham city centre. All sites offer a wide range of apprenticeships and full time or part time learning programmes for 16 to 19 year olds as well as courses for adults.

Business links The College has a long tradition of working with employers and has excellent links with the business community on both a national and local level. World renowned companies such as Siemens, Volvo, BAM Nuttall and Aggregate Industries provide support, experience and vital insight into current industry practice giving students the ability to be work ready. A further

endorsement is that Stephenson College was one of the first Further Education Colleges in the East Midlands to achieve the Emskills Quality Kitemark for employer engagement and responsiveness.

There are a wide range of electrical courses on offer at Stephenson including Level 2 and Level 3 Diplomas. By working with employers, Stephenson aims to close

COLLEGE PROFILE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

There are a wide range of electrical courses on offer at Stephenson including Level 2 and Level 3 Diplomas.

INNOVATIVE DESIGN The modern and innovative design of the college has been recognised as an example of best practice, offering an inclusive and inspiring approach to learning. The college design was runner-up in the Royal Institute of British Architects, RIBA / Learning and Skills Council design awards (Nationally) and won the best educational structure in Leicestershire in 2006.

Stephenson College provides students with purpose-designed workspaces and a primary focus on vocational learning. The college offers a wide range of courses including: engineering, construction, plumbing, carpentry & joinery, motor vehicle, electrical installation, painting and decorating, health & social care, hair & beauty, child care, animal care, uniformed services, IT and business studies.

the skills gap to support the local economy and also to develop the workforce of the future. Their employer hotline and free recruitment service is designed to help local businesses with recruitment, and help students with apprenticeship placements.

State of the art facilities include industry standard workshops, designed to provide good quality practical training.

Students also benefit from friendly campuses and supportive fully qualified tutors, ensuring that students are taught to the highest standards to inspire success.

It also helps that there’s a health and fitness suite as well as restaurants on site!  stephensoncoll.ac.uk

The college design was runner-up in the Royal Institute of British Architects, RIBA / Learning and Skills Council design awards (Nationally)...

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | NATIONAL COMPETITION

SPARKS UK ELECTRICAL APPRENTICE OF THE YEAR 2016 With the highest number of entries since the competition was launched in 2009, the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year looks as if it could be the toughest one yet. During January and February the six regional heats will be taking place around the country, under the watchful eye of our new head judge Darren Oates from EAL. Celia Matthews from organisers SNG Publishing said ‘it’s very exciting to see support growing year on year for the competition. Both apprentices and colleges benefit from the experience, which gives students the chance to achieve recognition for their hard work and skills. It’s a fantastic opportunity for lecturers, employers, industry leaders and manufacturers to get involved and support the next generation of installers.’

Competitors at the regional heats will be assessed on practical challenges by leading industry experts, alongside our head judge.

The winner of each heat will go through to the grand final which is a two day event taking place at Stephenson College on the 9th and 10th March.

Aside from the prestige of winning a national competition, there’s a fantastic list of prizes provided by the sponsors including: 









 

A Megger MFT1730 worth more than £1300 for the overall winner, and a package of testers worth more than £1000 for the college which the winning student attends All finalists receive Megger AVO410 multimeters worth over £150 each £500 worth of vouchers from Trade Direct for the winner, and £250 worth of vouchers for each of the two runners up All entrants receive a set of screwdrivers from Wera Tools All finalists will receive a set of tools from Knipex A beer cooler from Click Scolmore And lots of other great prizes!

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

NATIONAL COMPETITION | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

REGIONAL HEATS

MEET THE JUDGE



SOUTH WEST EDF / BRIDGWATER COLLEGE Wednesday 13th January

WALES COLEG Y CYMOEDD Wednesday 20th January

DARREN OATES

NORTH EAST NEW COLLEGE DURHAM Wednesday 27th January

We’re delighted to welcome Darren Oates as the judge for the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year Competition 2016. As a Product Specialist with EAL, Darren has a wealth of experience and knowledge of the electrical industry. He is an electrical engineer trained in electrical & mechanical installation and maintenance.

NORTH WEST BURNLEY COLLEGE Wednesday 3rd February

SOUTH EAST

His previous roles included senior engineer at Dalkia Utilities Services, where his main tasks included the management and maintenance of the Neath Port Talbot Hospital.

The position covered a multitude of trades within the building services sector including electrical installation, maintenance, inspection and testing, and responsibility for the 11kV HV and medical gas systems.

Darren then moved on to Gower College Swansea (formerly Swansea College), taking the position of lecturer responsible for the delivery and assessments of all Electrical Installation qualifications, including 17th Edition Regulations, Inspection & Testing, and PAT. He also carried out the internal verification of various delivered qualifications within the college, giving him an in depth understanding of quality assurance in educational settings.

In 2012, Darren was appointed to the role of External Verifier for Engineering and BSE at EAL, covering the southeast of England and Wales. Darren was able to draw on his commercial and education based experiences, bringing an extra level of understanding to his work practice. For the past two years, Darren has been working on secondment in the Product and Services team, developing qualifications that meet the current and future skills needs of employers and learners in our core industry sectors.

PROCAT Wednesday 10th February

MIDLANDS STEPHENSON COLLEGE Wednesday 17th February

 MEET THE MANUFACTURERS Running alongside the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year regional competitions, these events are a chance for college lecturers to meet and engage with major manufacturers.

The benefits for lecturers is that they can find out about the latest products and services on the market, whilst at the same time gaining their free CPD.    

discover the latest equipment for their classrooms find out about regulation updates and the latest industry best practice get discounts on materials and equipment network with other colleges

The events are sponsored by leading industry manufacturers including Megger, Click Scolmore, Trade Direct Insurance, Wera Tools, EAL, Knipex, Easy9 and Dymo.

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

11

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | NATIONAL COMPETITION

COMPETITION SPONSORS

12

PLATINUM SPONSOR

MEGGER SUPPORTS APPRENTICES Megger is delighted to have the opportunity of recognising and rewarding talent among young electricians by sponsoring this year’s Sparks UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year Award.

The company, which has been designing and manufacturing innovative test equipment in the UK for well over 100 years, has always been a firm believer in investing in the future of the electrical industry, and that means providing support and encouragement for young electricians.

Support programmes There’s no doubt that this works. At its UK headquarters in Dover, Megger has a flourishing apprentice programme of its own, and many of the company’s senior staff at Dover and its other locations around the world started their careers as Megger apprentices. But it’s not only its own trainees that Megger works with and supports.

The company has developed a whole range of training materials specifically for use in technical colleges, and experts from the Megger technical support and sales teams make regular presentations to technical college students, giving them an insight into the practical applications of test equipment, as well as introducing them to the latest instruments.

Apprentices – and working electricians – will also find a wealth of informative

material available free on the Megger website (www.megger.com).

It’s not just product information, but application guides that explain the theory and practice of many types of testing. Just a few examples are a comprehensive guide to earth electrode resistance measurement, invaluable information about insulation resistance testing and a full description of loop testing techniques. These, and many useful publications, are available for instant downloading.

Smart phone app And, of course, for those who have an Android or Apple smart phone, there’s the Megger Cable Calc+ app, which instantly calculates cable sizes and voltage drops, making it a valuable tool for apprentices and for qualified electricians.

In short, Megger is always happy to give value back to the industry that supports it and, in particular, to make life easier and more interesting for those who are joining or working in the industry.

It’s definitely worth the effort! All entrants get a Certificate of Achievement that will be a great addition to their CVs, and all get valuable equipment and clothing that will be useful to them during their studies and afterward in their careers.

For the finalists, there are even more rewards and, for the outright winner these are topped off by winning an MFT1730 multifunction tester worth more than £1,300 as well as a package of testers for your college worth over £1,000 to help future students, and by something money can’t buy – the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year title.

Competition sponsor In sponsoring the Sparks UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year Award, Megger hopes that students following electrical courses in technical colleges will be inspired to push themselves a little harder and to take an even greater interest in developing their skills, so that they stand an even better chance of being selected by their tutors as entrants.

The Sparks UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year Award has been really well received, with over 70 entries from colleges around the UK. Megger wishes everyone the best of luck!  Visit megger.com

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

SWITCH ON TO INDUSTRY RECOGNISED ELECTRICAL QUALIFICATIONS WITH EAL • gain the skills to deliver outstanding services in domestic, commercial and industrial settings • industry recognised qualifications in inspection and testing, periodic reporting, portable appliance testing and the 17th Edition Wiring Regulations • ensure you meet the requirements for electrotechnical industry schemes.

EAL qualifications are high quality, more demanding and make students aim higher.

David Quinton, Head of Plumbing and Electrical, South Gloucester and Stroud College

EAL Awards

EAL_Awards

01923 652400 customercare@eal.org.uk www.eal.org.uk

CLOSER TO

INDUSTRY

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | NATIONAL COMPETITION

COMPETITION SPONSORS

14

SCOLMORE GROUP GETS BEHIND APPRENTICES

GOLD SPONSOR

The competition to find the next SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year is well underway and this year has already attracted the highest level of college entries since the competition was first launched in 2009. That’s great news for the industry going forward and demonstrates a passion and determination from students to improve their skills and knowledge.

We are delighted to be getting involved with the scheme and continuing to play our part in developing the talent and skills that will ensure the industry continues to thrive in the future.

At Scolmore, we are passionate about developing new and innovative products that make electrical installation projects quicker and easier to carry out.

The Click Wiring Accessories range remains the number one choice of

electricians and contractors who value the flexibility of the modular based range, as well as the one-stop solution that the comprehensive offer allows.

Our online ordering service is supported by automated order picking and processing procedures which enables us to offer service levels we believe are unprecedented in the industry.

With our Click iNELS Radio Frequency Wireless Control System, you are guaranteed simple and flexible installation, significant energy savings and easy programming.

We continue to develop our lighting

SUPPORTING APPRENTICES

division and under our OVIA umbrella brand we currently offer one of the most comprehensive ranges of lighting products available from under one roof. The latest additions to our lighting collection is Inceptor - one of the industry’s most sophisticated integrated LED downlights ranges.

We understand the importance of supporting the industry and we are keen to play our part to help the electricians of today and tomorrow to develop their skills and grow their businesses.  scolmore.com

SILVER SPONSOR

Apprenticeships have long been the way into recognised trades, offering a way to study, learning on the job and earning while you’re at it.

This means that you can start and run your own business as soon as you qualify. Sure, you may not know everything that there is to know about running a business, and will need to find your own customers and build a reputation, but you can be your own boss from day one.

At Trade Direct Insurance we recognise the value that apprenticeships can bring you, but we also understand that money can be tight while you’re training. The SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year Award is committed to helping develop

electrical excellence across England and Wales, and we’re passionate about supporting the competition and you.

We’re proud to offer £500 to the winner, and £250 to two runners-up in the national final.

With the needs of different people in mind, from apprentices and trainees to business owners, our Public Liability product has been designed to be flexible.

With 3 levels of cover, and limits that can

be tailored to your needs, it grows as your business does. Oh, and you can earn a No Claim Discount while you learn on a recognised training course, saving you more money!

A policy from Trade Direct Insurance grows as your business does. Why not give us as ring on 08000 280 380, or visit our mobile friendly website at www.tradedirectinsurance.co.uk, and see how affordable our insurance is, and how we can give you one less thing to worry about.  tradedirectinsurance.co.uk

TRADE DIRECT INSURANCE. QUALITY INSURANCE AT TRADE PRICES.

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

COMPETITION SPONSORS

NATIONAL COMPETITION | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

BRONZE SPONSOR

WERA SUPPORTS SPARKS UK ELECTRICAL APPRENTICE OF THE YEAR Wera are the leading global screw-driving specialist.

With headquarters in Wuppertal, Germany, they design and manufacture products at their European factory.

Professional users in the UK, particularly electricians, engineers and mechanics, are making Wera their only choice for screwdrivers, bits, ratchets, spanners and hex keys.

Top-selling ranges include Kraftform Plus Lasertip anti-cam out screwdrivers, available in both General Purpose and 1,000V VDE, and Kompakt VDE pouch kits featuring interchangeable handles and blades. An adjustable torque Kompakt VDE kit is also available - ideal for complying with Wiring Regulation 134.1.1 (17th Edition).

Look out for Impaktor - the unrivalled bit + holder system for use in all impact drivers, even 24V monsters, offering up to 10x longer life than other impact bit systems.

The unique TriTorsion system, precision profiling and diamond coated tips all combine to ensure this incredible service life.  Visit wera-tools.co.uk WERA. MAKERS OF LASERTIP, KRAFTFORM, ZYKLOP, IMPAKTOR, JOKER AND MORE.

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | INDUSTRY ASSESSMENT

WHAT’S ACTUALLY IN THE AM2?

The assessment is broken down into four sections that you’ll typically do over three days. They are:

 SECTION A & A1 Risk Assessment and Safe Isolation (1 hour); Composite Installation (8.5 hours)

 SECTION B Inspection and Testing of the completed composite installation (3.5 hours)

 

BE PREPARED

SECTION C – C1 Safe Isolation (30 minutes) and C2 Fault Diagnosis and Correction (2 hours)

SECTION D Assessment of Applied Knowledge (1 hour)

NET Development Manager Stephen Plant offers advice to those apprentices who are about to sit the AM2, the industry’s assessment of occupational competence.

What’s the one thing you need to do before sitting the AM2? Prepare. This may seem like rather a glib answer, but it’s an honest one. There’s nothing in the AM2 that you shouldn’t have already covered as part of your apprenticeship - it’s designed to assess the competencies you’ve acquired during your training and enable you to prove you are ready to work as a fully qualified electrician.

NET has developed a number of resources to help you prepare for the assessment, which are available from our website, www.netservices.org.uk

Resources The first one you’ll need to look at is the AM2 Self-Assessment Checklist, which is a compulsory bit of paperwork and will show you everything you should have learned before going into the AM2. It’s worth taking the time to read it through and check you have definitely covered everything on there.

...remember the theory element of the AM2.

You’ll need to be up to speed on four different guides...

Your employer and trainer should have made sure you’ve been taught all the competencies the list covers, and they should go through this with you and help identify any areas of concern that you may want to revise or practice ahead of sitting your assessment.

We’ve also developed an AM2 Common Candidate Errors Guide, which highlights the most common mistakes made by AM2 candidates. I’d strongly recommend looking at it – you won’t be the first person to do an AM2, and those who haven’t passed tend to make the same mistakes.

It’s also worth remembering the theory element of the AM2. You’ll need to be up to

speed on four different guides: the Building Regulations (not just Part P, but any of the regulations that might impact on electrical installation work!), the current edition of the Wiring Regulations (BS7671), the On-Site Guide and the IET Guidance Note 3. Make sure you revise these carefully – you don’t want to spend three days in the AM2 test rig getting everything right, only to end up losing points on the theory aspects.

You’ll also need to be confident in completing an IET Electrical Installation Certificate, and that your measured results conform with the requirements of BS7671, be comfortable with the prospect of completing a Schedule of Inspections and Schedule of Test Results, and be certain you know how to carry out all the necessary tests for these.

All things being well, hopefully you’ll pass and be ready to work as a fully qualified electrician. Good luck!

 For more information, visit netservices.org.uk

SPONSORED FEATURE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

17

DON’T BUY THE CHEAPEST WHEN YOU CAN AFFORD THE BEST When you are starting out as an apprentice the common misconception is that the choice of tools and test equipment on offer can be fairly limited on a tight budget. Most apprentices think that they can’t afford the best kit on the market, but at the same time you know that if you buy cheap it probably isn’t built to last. So what do you do?

The simple answer is to head over to the Klein Tools range of products because not only are they built to last – they are also very affordable and therefore perfect for apprentices who are looking to stock their tool box with the best products from the outset.

The MM5000A Auto-Ranging Multi-Meter from Klein Tools is a perfect example.

Launched in response to requests from the industry for meters that stand up to tough environments, the MM500A is a user-friendly tool for verifying or troubleshooting electrical circuits safely and reliably.

MM5000A features With a totally sealed IP67 dust and

waterproof rated case, 3 metre drop protection and one of the highest safety ratings - CAT IV (600V), the MM500A is tougher than the average meter in the field today.

Measuring up to 750V, the MM500A automatically detects AC or DC voltage and includes both visual and audible continuity indicators. In addition, it has a number of features which have been designed specifically for the busy professional. This includes, selfstoring leads which are perfectly spaced for quick measurements of tamperproof outlets and an Auto-Hold function which automatically locks readings on the display when measuring in hard to access areas.

Other features of the MM500A include a 4000 count LCD display, low battery indicator, and auto-power off. For ease of use the meter uses AAA batteries and includes a battery door with captive screws to eliminate lost fasteners.

Malcolm Duncan, Managing Director says: “It can be a challenge to produce domestic electrical testers that meet Klein’s demanding level of durability and quality while maintaining an economical price point – but that is exactly what Klein has done.

We have responded to customer demand and developed a range of feature packed

meters and testers which maintain our high standards and performance requirements at a price which won’t break the bank.”

Award winning All of Klein Tools’ ‘Made in the USA’ meters and testers are subjected to stringent testing to ensure they meet the requirements of installers for tougher, longer lasting products which stand up to the rigours of every day use.

This pedigree is just one of the reasons why the MM500A won the award for Innovative Test & Measurement Product of the Year at this year’s Electrical Industry Awards.

Malcolm says: “This is a real achievement because it is the first award for Klein Tools since the launch into the UK market in January and it recognises the quality and durability which combine to make it a breakthrough product which has been designed with the user in mind.”

What this means for apprentices is that it is no longer necessary to settle for second best or to go for the cheap alternative. You can in fact have the best test equipment on the market from the outset ensuring that you are ready for whatever your career throws at you.  kleintools.co.uk

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | APPRENTICE INTERVIEW

E C I T N E R P P A E L I F PRO

SPARKS: What made you go into the electrical industry?

ley NAME: Ben Mose tion Electrical Installa 3 l ve Le C TE B : STUDYING TOL lls, part of the B e kw lic C E: ER H W -on-Trent Group in Burton g in in a Tr

BM: Like a lot of people my age, I didn’t really know what I wanted to do in terms of a career. I actually did a graphics course to start with and I met my current boss designing iTunes covers as he was doing a lot of DJ-ing at the time. I worked in Australia for a few months and he asked me if I was interested in doing an electrical apprenticeship rather than going back there.

SPARKS: What’s the name of the company you work for?

BM: It’s called Q-Energy with about 10 staff, and is based in the Midlands. We do absolutely everything covering industrial, commercial and domestic projects. The company designs, installs, tests, commissions and maintains electrical equipment. I enjoy the fact the work is varied – for example I’ve just been working on a solar panel system within a secure hospital facility down in Portsmouth. You do get to work on some interesting projects!

SPARKS: How are you finding attending college as well as working?

BM: It works really well as the training is done in block releases of two weeks at a time, which means I can focus on it, rather than having to switch on and off between work and college every week. It’s a four year course, and I’ve just started my second year.

SPARKS: So do you think you’ll stay in the electrical industry?

BM: Yes definitely. I really enjoy the work and get a lot out of it – the hours are long but it’s great to see a job that you have worked on come to life. Longer term I am hopeful that I can have a business of my own. It’s definitely been the right career choice for me.

SPONSORED FEATURE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

19

DIE ANOTHER DAY... says Simon Wood of Megger. Let’s face it, safe isolation of low-voltage electrical installations isn’t the sexiest of topics – but it could just save your life!

There are some electricians who will tell you that it’s OK to get the occasional “belt” – in fact, they’ll say, it’s all part of the job. That’s not true. It’s far from OK to get a shock – EVER! If you do, you might be lucky and get away with it, but every year there are too many electricians whose luck has run out and who are killed by electric shocks.

If you need an example, take a look at the Electricity Safety Council Best Practice Guide No.2 Issue 2 – you’ll find it at http://www.esc.org.uk/industry/industryguidance/best-practice-guides/ The risks of injury or worse from shock are high with single-phase circuits and even higher

if you work on three-phase systems. And don’t forget, if the shock itself doesn’t injure or kill you, your body will jerk involuntarily when you touch a live supply, which could easily make you fall, especially if you’re working at height, and do yourself even more damage.

I hope I’ve said enough to convince you that you would prefer to die another day rather than fry yourself today by accidentally touching a live circuit. So carry on reading and find out just how easy it is to isolate circuits safely.

First, make sure you’ve got the right equipment. There are two things you’ll need – a two-pole tester that’s designed for checking isolation and a proving unit. Don’t ever be

tempted to use a “volt stick” or similar noncontact voltage finder. These are not designed for confirming isolation and are totally unsuitable. You must use a two-pole tester – that is, one with two test leads that have to be connected to the circuit under test.

If you’ve got a handy electrical supply that’s separate from the circuit you’re trying to isolate, you could at a pinch manage without the proving unit, but it’s hardly worth the bother.

Proving units don’t cost a lot and are much more convenient than having to hunt around on every site for a suitable “known” supply.  megger.com

WHEN YOU’VE GOT YOUR KIT TOGETHER, FOLLOW THESE SIMPLE STEPS:

1

2

3

4

5

STEP 1

STEP 2

STEP 3

STEP 4

STEP 5

Turn off the supply to the circuit you’re going to work on, lock it off securely, and mark it with a tag that warns people not to attempt to turn the supply back on.

Check your two-pole tester on a known supply to make sure it’s working properly. In this picture, a proving unit is being used to provide the known supply.

Use your two-pole tester to check that the circuit you’re going to work on is dead.

Check your two-pole tester again using your known supply, to make sure that the tester is still working.

Then do whatever work is needed on the circuit you’ve just isolated

When you’ve finished working on the circuit, don’t forget to remove the lock and the tag, and turn the supply back on.

Carrying out all these steps may seem like a bit of a nag but if you use this routine regularly, as you should, it will quickly become almost automatic. And, remember that if you don’t follow safe isolation practices, you’re not only putting your life and possibly the lives of your colleagues at risk, you’re also failing to comply with the Electricity at Work Regulations, which could result in you being prosecuted!

SO, STAY SAFE AND LIVE LONG BY ALWAYS ISOLATING LIKE A PROFESSIONAL!

20

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | CABLES

PRYSMIAN’S GUIDE TO

FIRE-RESISTANT CABLE INSTALLATION Fire-resistant cable installation is an important discipline. Developing best installation practice, and making sure your work conforms to wiring regulations and codes of practice, is crucial to creating high-quality work and obtaining client satisfaction.

Prysmian, world leader in energy and telecom cables and systems, offers the FP range of fire resistant cables, which have been the market leader for over 30 years and continue to be the number one fire performance cable.

Whilst working on a fire alarm system, one of the most important things to check before installing the FP cable is that you are using the correct type, whether that might be “standard” fire-resistant or “enhanced”. To maintain good practice it is helpful to know which building type requires which cable. For example, the installation of “standard” fire-resistant cables is recommended for general use unless the building is large and complex and prolonged circuit integrity is required, in which case the use of “enhanced” fire-resistance cable is recommended.

Codes of practice Codes of practice which require fireresistant cable include BS5839 series for fire alarm systems, BS5266-1 for emergency lighting and BS8519 for life safety and firefighting applications.

The attraction about working with FP200 Gold and FP PLUS on site is that it stays in place during first fix, unlike some alternatives which may spring back and refuse to hold their position. This enables the installer to achieve a professional and satisfactory job. Additionally, removing the outer sheath of the cable to reveal the core should not be an inconvenient

task. However, when some commonly-available alternatives with softer insulation are used instead of Prysmian Insudite, the simple act of stripping the outer sheath could damage the soft insulation and take longer to complete.

TOP TIP During installation, you should also observe the recommended measurements for the spacing of cable fixings, which can be installed using a nail fixing tool or drilling appliance. Prysmian recommends spacing of fixings for these fire-resistant cables at 300mm horizontally and 400mm vertically, but always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.

The fixing used, like the cable, must be manufactured from a non-combustible substance. It is preferable to use copper or stainless steel to fix the cables, but not aluminium because it has a lower melting point.

To ensure good practice, Prysmian recommends installing cable glands, although they are not always essential. The function of a cable gland is to prevent the ingress of particles and moisture. For example, if the cable is situated in an industrial cooking area such as a school or hospital, condensation of moisture and oils may form over time. Cable

To ensure good practice, Prysmian recommends installing cable glands... glands offer protection for the device or circuit and using a low-smoke, zero-halogen and flame-retardant product would be preferable, such as the FP2520 Gland.

Electrical installations are subject to waste and sustainability policies on different sites. Working at a small carbon footprint site, for example a government project in a city, electricians can reduce waste by using recyclable packaging, such as the FP easy carry reel, which holds FP200 Gold 2 Core 1.5mm2. There are other benefits too, as the FP reel is lighter and has an inbuilt handle for comfort and improved safety during transportation. They also have red flanges to make them easier to locate in storage.

In summary, fire-resistant cable installation can be a satisfying process when using the right cable, fixed correctly and making sure to use fire-resistant, low-smoke, zero-halogen, flame-retardant cable accessories. This way you can be safe in the knowledge that this will reduce the risks for occupants and residents of a building in the event of fire.  023 8029 5029 | prysmiangroup.com

SPONSORED FEATURE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

21

EAL OFFER QUALIFICATIONS IN

EAL IS SETTING THE STANDARD

INSTALLATION OF ELECTROTECHNICAL SYSTEMS & EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE OF ELECTROTECHNICAL SYSTEMS IN-SERVICE INSPECTION & TESTING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 17TH EDITION WIRING REGULATIONS INITIAL VERIFICATION & CERTIFICATION OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION PERIODIC INSPECTION, TESTING & CERTIFICATION OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES & REQUIREMENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES SOLAR THERMAL HOT WATER SYSTEMS

Flexible learning for those in the building services sector is one of the key strengths of working or studying with EAL, the specialist skills partner and awarding organisation for the industry.

EAL works with leading electrical employers and industry bodies such as the JIB, NICEIC and IET to ensure its electrotechnical qualifications help professionals deliver outstanding services in domestic, commercial and industrial settings.

As well as offering a wide range of electrical qualifications for people already in the industry, EAL’s qualifications can provide a stepping-stone for school leavers into work or an Apprenticeship, support for NEETs in your local community and opportunities for adults looking to retrain or change their career.

In addition, its environmental technologies qualifications help successful learners to apply to national certification schemes such as Microgeneration Certificate Scheme (MCS).

Trailblazers EAL’s Electrotechnical qualifications underpin Apprenticeships and support training for electrical contractors.

The first of a suite of industry Trailblazers to be released, this qualification is

...this new qualification (Trailblazer) has been designed to replace the existing NVQ... perfect for those wanting to become competent electricians or undertaking an electrotechnical apprenticeship. In addition, it enables learners to register for EngTech status and enhance their career.

Whilst this new qualification has been designed to replace the existing NVQ, it retains much of the time-tested, quality content from the old qualification making it easy to adapt in to your current delivery.

Julia Chippendale, managing director of EAL, said: “As always, EAL has worked closely with employers within the building services sector to define standards and skills for the electrical apprentices of today and the future.

The government’s apprenticeship reforms are taking this policy national, spearheaded by the Trailblazer scheme.

“Trailblazers are seeing employers, awarding organisations and professional institutes working together to set new standards for apprenticeships meet skills needs, increasing the value of the vocational

pathway, ensuring learners are getting a better deal from their education and the best possible start to their careers.

“We are delighted to offer the EAL electrotechnical qualification in England as well as across Wales for comparability.

“As the first awarding organisation to bring you this pioneering employer-led qualification, we are proud to be working side-by-side with the electrotechnical Trailblazer development group to secure further high quality, rigorous qualifications for employers and learners.”

These qualifications cover Levels 1-3 and facilitate progression into the industry.

Learners can gain the tools to be recognised through skills cards (i.e. JIB) and competence schemes for the electrical industry.

EAL Electrotechnical qualifications can lead to employment as an electrician, maintenance electrician, electrical inspector, cabling installer (structured cabling) or environmental technical systems engineer.

 For more information talk to EAL’s experts by calling 01923 652400 or contacting customercare@eal.org.uk

22

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | TOOLS

Mark Haywood, Managing Director of SNA Europe (UK), designers and manufacturers of Bahco hand tools, offers...

...USEFUL TIPS ON HOW TO PROTECT YOUR HANDS FROM STRAIN OR INJURY Every time you grip a screwdriver or a pair of snips you put 42 different hand muscles to work. If the tool is the wrong size and doesn’t fit your hand comfortably you run the risk, over time, of getting a musculo-skeletal disorder. Medical experts say these account for more than half of conditions which lead to people taking time off work.

At Bahco we’re experts too and can speak with the benefit of more than 127 years’ experience in designing and manufacturing hand tools. We created the very first ergonomic tool, a screwdriver, 30 years ago and now have more than 550 ergonomic products in our range.

Electricians know they need to look after their hands. In an ideal world, they would be able to focus on their work without worrying that, over time, daily use of hand tools could cause Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) or similar muscular conditions.

Most trade professionals have defined budgets so have to make difficult choices.

However, many choose to invest in ergonomic tools, believing it’s worth paying a little more for the protection this can provide.

Experts who evaluated working with hand tools recommended that spending priority should be given to buying tools which need the greatest force applied, are used for the longest time or require the most precise movements.

SO HERE ARE SOME USEFUL TIPS ON HOW TO AVOID MUSCLE STRAIN AND INJURY.

1

CHOOSE THE RIGHT TOOL

Professional manufacturers offer many different handle sizes for screwdrivers, pliers and other products. To avoid un-natural hand positions you need to use tools with a handle long enough to distribute pressure evenly over the palm, eliminating pressure points which can cause a callus.

Spring loaded pliers are good as long as you can lock them or have a spring with an on / off function.

Check that a tool allows you ‘precision grip,’ allowing small movements with your index finger and thumb, or ‘force grip,’ such as holding a hammer in your palm, or both.

2

GOOD ‘ERGONOMICS’ EQUALS GOOD ‘ECONOMICS’:

Any tool designed to fit comfortably in your

hand and deliver great performance, using less force, boosts productivity while cutting the risk of strain or injury.

When choosing a large screwdriver look for one designed to optimize the torque transmitted. The handle should be big enough to grip with both hands when you need to exert maximum force.

We created the very first ergonomic tool, a screwdriver, 30 years ago and now have more than 550 ergonomic products in our range.

3

NEED MORE TORQUE?

Some screwdrivers have holes you can use for hanging. To create more torque you can pass another driver through the hole, though using a bolster and wrench is always the safest method.

4

IS THE FORCE WITH YOU?

When using pliers, remember that the longer the shanks, the lower the cutting force you will need. Also, the closer the rivet is to the cutting edge the greater the cutting force.

5

KEEP YOUR HANDS WARM

Cold temperatures anaesthetise the hands and hide pain. Cold hands lose sensitivity and are more easily hurt by cuts and scratches, so keep them warm if you can.

 To see the Bahco range of over 550 ergonomic tools visit: bahco.com

TO FITTING SCOLMORE’S INCEPTOR DOWNLIGHTS

Downlights are an increasingly popular choice of lighting solution, especially in kitchens and bathrooms. If chosen carefully and installed in the correct numbers, downlights will provide an even and shadow free light and there are huge energy savings to be made if you choose an LED version.

Scolmore’s range of Inceptor downlights (Inceptor Max, Inceptor Max Adjustable and Inceptor Micro) are IP65 fire and acoustic rated, integrated LED downlights with pre-wired driver and flow connector, providing a high light output and high performance, and can be fitted into the shallowest of ceiling voids. Unique to Inceptor Max is the innovative flexi-driver which means it can be fitted into a recess depth of just 61mm - making it the most flexible fitting available. Integrated Flow Connectors make for quick and easy installation, and for removal and replacement during circuit testing.  HERE ARE SOME EASY STEPS TO INSTALLING INCEPTOR LED DOWNLIGHTS

01

Identify the downlight to be replaced. Measure the current aperture size and select an Inceptor downlight that will fit.

02

03

04

Remove the downlight from the ceiling and test the circuit is not live.

Disconnect the current downlight and wire a Click Flow Connector to the cable.

Assemble the lid on the Click Flow connector.

05

06

07

Connect the new Inceptor downlight by clicking the Click Flow connectors together.

Push back the spring on the Inceptor and slide the Click Flow connector and inceptor into the aperture.

Your new Inceptor downlight is fitted and ready to be switched on.

WITH A FLOW CONNECTOR ALREADY FITTED

STEP BY STEP

SPONSORED FEATURE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

01

Remove the old downlight from the ceiling and disconnect the flow connectors.

02

Connect the new Inceptor downlight by clicking the flow connectors together.

03

Push back the springs on the inceptor downlight and slide the flow connector and Inceptor into the hole aperture.

For further information about any of the Scolmore range of products, please visit Scolmore.com or contact 01827 63454.

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | WORKWEAR

BLÅKLÄDER WORKWEAR

R U O Y H G U O R H GE T T Y A D G N I K R O W HARD R E D Ä L K Å L B H T WI Swedish work wear manufacturer Blåkläder offer a highly protective and functional range of trousers.

WIN! For your chance to win a pair of Craftsman trousers just email us at

admin@sng-publishing.co.uk with ‘Blaklader competition’ in the subject line.

We’ll pick a winner at random and notify them shortly after the competition closes on 29th February 2016.

Good luck!

The ‘Craftsman’ range of trousers have been specifically developed to ensure complete comfort while maximising performance, making it their bestselling and most in demand product.

With the Craftsman trousers being 4x stronger than regular denim and with reinforced triple stitching, you are guaranteed to be equipped with strong and protective work wear for any hard working environment.

Warranty Defining their confidence in the high quality manufacturing of the Craftsman trousers, Blåkläder provide a lifetime warranty on all of their seams, this means if a seam should fail in the lifetime of the trousers, it will be repaired or replaced free of charge, as long as the garment has not been torn or cut by sharp edges.

This promise is a notable feature in all Blåkläder products.

Ensuring genuine long-term work wear, Blåkläder offers the trousers in a variety of styles providing you with a trouser to suit your personal requirements of durability, functionality and comfort.

Features Specially designed features characterise the high quality nature of the trousers with extra wide nail pockets, knee pockets in two levels, and a hem with zipper and extra wide rule pocket which is combining a unique set of elements.

 blaklader.uk/en

EXERCISE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

Wiring Systems & Containment Covering Outcome 4 of Unit 304 ‘Understanding the Types, Applications and Limitations of Wiring Systems and Associated Equipment’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91) EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and Outcome 2 of EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

To answer some of the following questions you will need the IET On-Site Guide BS7671:2008 +A3 2015.

Q1. Briefly define the term ‘wiring system’.

Q2. Give one example of a totally enclosed wiring containment system.

Q3. Give one example of a composite wiring system.

Q4. PVC SWA, FP and MICC cables are examples of what type of wiring system?

Q5. Cable basket, cable tray and ladder rack are all types of?

Q6. With the aid of a drawing

show the most suitable method of terminating galvanised steel conduit to a metal-clad surface mounted socket-box.

Q7. Distance, Hospital and Spacer-Bar are all types of?

Q8. (i) State the method of joining two lengths of steel conduit, when neither length can be turned, is the use of a? (ii) Identify the

materials required to make the joint.

(i)

(ii)

Q9. A wiring containment system that has one removable side is called?

Q10. List the materials required to assemble the wiring containment for the following layout: Steel trunking installation 0.5m

STEEL CONDUIT / SWITCH-FUSE

STEEL TRUNKING

0.5m

Steel conduit installation

0.5m Switch-fuse

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

25

26

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Wiring Containment Practice Covering Outcome 4 of Unit 304 ‘Understanding the Types, Applications and Limitations of Wiring Systems and Associated Equipment’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing ElectroTechnical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91 or EAL equivalent) EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and Outcome 2 EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

Q1

20mm, 25mm and 32mm are diameters of

a

Standard power cables

b

Standard conduits

c

Ducting

d

MICC cables

Q2

Stainless steel, galvanised and enamel are surface finishes available for

a

Conduit, trunking and cable tray

b

Conduit only

c

Trunking only

d

Cable tray only

Q3

The cable capacity rating for a conduit allows for

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

Q7

The best practice method of joining fixed metal conduit to a motor terminal box is

a

PVC SWA

b

PVC conduit

c

Direct connection of the conduit with the box

d

Flexible conduit

Q8

Which one of the following containment systems may be used to support fluorescent luminaires?

a

Trunking

b

Cable tray

c

Conduit

d

Ducting

Q9

Spacer-bar, distance and hospital, are all types of

a

Additional cables to be installed at a later date

a

Conduit

b

Expansion of cables when in use

b

Trunking support mechanisms

c

Sufficient cable temperature rise without damage

c

Saddle

d

Circulating air space to allow cable to shed heat in use

d

Support bracket Which one of the following wiring systems

Q10 requires the introduction of fire barriers where

Q4

Joints in trunking, cable tray or metal ducting will require

a

Sufficient set-screws and nuts to secure the joint

a

Conduit 25mm and above

b

The ends of the containment to be pushed together

b

Trunking with an area of over 710mm²

Protective bonding straps across each joint

c

Cable tray

Labels to indicate the position of the joint

d

Cable basket

c d

Q5

The item used to join lengths of metal conduit is a

a

Connector

b

Screwed sleeve

c

Joiner

d

Coupler

Q6

The device used to prevent undue strain on cables in a vertically mounted trunking is a

Ans.

Ans.

it penetrates floors or ceilings?

The wiring system required to supply the

Q11 electric motor driving a petrol dispensing pump in a garage forecourt is

Ans.

a

Single cables in galvanised steel conduit

b

PVC insulated MICC cable

c

FP 200 Gold

d

PVC SWA cable Which of the following cable types will provide

Q12 the greatest resistance to impact?

a

Clamp

a

PVC SWA

b

Pin rack

b

FP 200 Gold

c

Support block

c

MICC

d

Off-set

d

Silicon impregnated flex

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

6

7 3m

6

7 3m

IP67

28

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Industrial Electrical Installations Covering Outcome 4 of Unit 304 ‘Understand the Types, Applications and Limitations of Wiring Systems and Associated Equipment’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing ElectroTechnical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91 and EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and Outcome 2 of EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’).

The following questions concern the design stages of an electrical installation for an industrial location.

Q1. State four key factors that the electrical designer will need to consider when designing the electrical installation.

Q2. When the initial factors have been observed, and information obtained, state three specific electrical considerations that

the designer will next need to answer.

Q3. Briefly state the meaning of each of the following terms in relation to industrial premises:

i) Load centre

ii) Maximum demand

iii) Distribution circuit

Q4. Identify the device and type of protective device shown in figure 1 below. Also state two additional features observed on this device.

DEVICE:

FEATURES:

Q5. Briefly explain the difference between (i) a ‘Fuse-switch’ and (ii) a ‘Switch-fuse’

Q6. Identify the isolator shown in figure 2 below and state three key features of the device.

ISOLATOR: FEATURES:

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EXERCISE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

29

Selecting Data Using the IET On-Site Guide Covering Outcome 3 of Unit 304 ‘Understand Principles for Selecting Cables and Circuit Protective Devices’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91) and Outcome 3 of unit 04a of the EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and supports the EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

The following tasks will require reference to Appendix F of the IET On-Site Guide: BS7671:2008 +A3: 2015.

 For each answer indicate the Table reference and column that is applicable (The main objective of this exercise is to

locate and use technical information in preparation for, and in the calculation of, suitable circuit cable sizes.)

Q1. A 90°C thermosetting PVC insulated cable is to be installed in an ambient temperature of 35°C, what is the rating factor

for this cable?

Q2. A non-sheathed mineral insulated cable is to be installed in a location where it cannot be touched and the temperature is

expected to reach 40°C. State the rating factor applicable to this cable.

Q3. A new multi-core cable is to be supported on a vertical cable tray with 6 other multi-core cables. What is the rating factor

to be applied to the new cable?

Q4. A new single-phase circuit is to be installed to method B in an existing steel trunking. The new circuit is to be installed with

7 other single-phase circuits. What is the rating factor to be applied to the new circuit?

Q5. A three-phase circuit uses single-core insulated cable enclosed in conduit on a wall. The cable is expected to carry a current

of no more than 55A. What cable size, (i.e. cross-sectional-area), is needed?

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers CONTINUED ON PAGE 30

30

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Q6. A single-phase 70mm2 single core 70째C thermoplastic insulated cable is enclosed in steel conduit on a thermally insulated

wall. What is the maximum current rating for this cable?

Q7. A multi-core cable with thermosetting insulation has a cross-sectional-area of 35mm2 and supplies a single-phase circuit.

What is the voltage drop per ampere per metre, (mV/A/m) for this cable?

Q8. An insulated and sheathed flat cable 10mm2 is to be installed to Method C, i.e. clipped direct to a surface. What is the

maximum current rating of this cable, and the mV/A/m?

Q9. An insulated and sheathed flat cable carries 25A for a length of 50m. If the cable is 6mm2, what is the total voltage drop

for this cable?

Q10. A single-phase multi-core thermosetting pvc insulated cable is to be installed with 3 other circuits in a conduit. The conduit

is to pass through an area where the ambient temperature is likely to be 35째C. If the rating of the protective device is 32A, what is the tabulated current rating of the cable when the rating factors are applied?

FINAL NOTE: Always check your selection of data and your calculations.

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

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32

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Circuit Protection Covering Outcome 2 & 3 of Unit 304 (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91 and EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and Outcome 6 of EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’).

To answer the following questions you will need the IET Requirements for Electrical Installations: BS7671:2008 +A3 2015.

 Circuit protective devices: Q1. State the maximum current rating currently available for a BS88-3 fuse.

Q2. A circuit protected by a BS3036 fuse must disconnect in 5 seconds. If the fuse rating is 20A, what fault current will be required

to achieve the disconnection time?

Q3. A 100A BS88-2 fuse operates at a fault current of 200A. How long does it take for the fuse to operate?

Q4. The type of fuse shown in figure 1 below is called?

Q5. The time / current characteristic curves for circuit-breakers to BS EN 60898 and RCBO’s to BS EN 61009-1 have a distinctive

shape. What do the two parts of the curve represent?

Q6. How long will it take to operate a 32A rated Type B circuit-breaker to BS EN 60898, if the circuit is subjected to an overload

current of 100A?

Q7. i) State the operating current for each type of 100A rated circuit-breaker.

ii) Summarise the multipliers applicable to each type of circuit-breaker current rating.

i) ii)

Q8. A distribution circuit is designed to carry a maximum current of 85A.

i) State the disconnection time applicable to this circuit if the supply system is TN-S

ii) State the rating of a suitable Type B circuit-breaker for this circuit iii) What is the operating current for the circuit-breaker?

iv) Identify the maximum earth-fault loop impedance permitted for this circuit

i) ii) iii) iv)

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VDE

www.knipex.de

Apart from the pliers the assortment of KNIPEX insulated tools also includes everything necessary for electricians like ratchets, open end wrenches, box wrenches or nut drivers.

KNIPEX – VDE Range Insulated tools – a question of trust The Knipex VDe range encompasses everything that the electrician needs when working on live installations. in addition to products from the world of pliers, tools such as single open ended spanners, box wrenches, nut drivers, ratchets etc. are also available as insulated tools.

KNIPEX insulated tools are safety-tested, one by one every single pair of pliers leaving our factory is first tested at a voltage of AC 10,000 V. This represents a test load that is 10 times the maximum voltage permitted when working. This safeguards the user when working.

You can depend on Knipex tools in every situation.

KNIPEX Quality – Made in Germany

For more details about the Knipex range of tools, and for details of your nearest stockist please contact: Alex Garami – 0777 543 7469 a.garami@knipex.com

34

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Revision Practice ... for Unit 301 (2330-07) or Unit 309 (2357-13) and 09a of EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and supports the EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

Q1

Which of the following best defines the purpose of an electric motor?

Ans.

Q6

Slip-rings and brushes are found on which of the following motors?

a

A machine that generates direct current

a

Wound rotor induction

b

A generator that produces alternating current

b

Shunt wound

c

A device that converts electrical energy into heat energy

c

Cage induction

d

Single-phase series wound

d

A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy

Q7 Q2

The part of an AC motor that is fixed is called the

Ans.

The stator winding that remains in circuit when a single-phase motor runs at full speed, is the

a

Auxiliary winding

a

Armature

b

Start winding

b

Rotor

c

Main winding

c

Stator

d

Series winding

d

Yoke

Ans.

Ans.

The type of motor shown in the circuit diagram is

L

Q3

Silicon steel is used in the construction of which motor part

a

Drive shaft

b

Stator frame

c

Rotor windings

d

Machine enclosure

Q4

The phenomenon known as ‘cogging’ will occur if the?

Ans.

Q8

Ans.

N a

DC series motor

b

AC shunt motor

c

DC compound motor

d

AC universal motor

Ans.

Q9

Shading rings are found in which of the following AC motors?

a

Stator field is connected in parallel

b

Stator field is connected in series

a

Cage wound

c

Rotor bars are parallel to the rotor shaft

b

Shaded-pole

d

Rotor bars are skewed by 20º

c

Permanent magnet

d

Universal

Q5

Torque in an AC induction motor can be improved by fitting

Ans.

Q10

A motor normally fitted to a domestic vacuum cleaner is the

a

Stator windings connected in series with each other

a

Universal motor

b

A double-cage rotor

b

Cage induction motor

c

Capacitors across the supply terminals

c

Wound rotor motor

d

A rectifier to convert AC to DC

d

Shunt wound motor

Ans.

Ans.

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36

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Which of the following statements is correct for

Q11 the synchronous motor?

Ans.

Which of the following motor circuits will not

Q16 require power factor correction?

a

Rotor speed lags the stator field speed

a

3-phase AC induction motor

b

Armature speed lags the field speed

b

1-phase capacitor start motor

c

Rotor speed and stator flux speed are out-of-phase

c

Compound connected motor

d

Rotor revolves at the same speed as the stator flux

d

AC universal motor

A faceplate starter is used with which one of

Q12 the following machines? a

AC wound rotor

b

AC cage induction

c

AC universal

d

DC compound The current flowing in an electric motor when

Q13 at full load speed, is controlled by the

Ans.

The device that detects the rise of temperature

Q17 in motor windings is called a a

Transistor

b

Thermostat

c

Thermionic sensor

d

Thermistor

Ans.

Which one of the following is not a recognised

Q18 method of providing direct current?

a

Resistance of the stator windings

b

Impedance of the armature windings

a

Battery

c

Back-emf applied to the shunt field windings

b

Solar photovoltaic panels

d

Back-emf generated in the rotor or armature

c

An alternator

d

Rectifier

The objects shown in

Q14 the photograph are a

Anti-vibration devices

b

Carbon brushes

c

Connector blocks

d

Temperature sensing devices

In which of the following direct current motors, Q15 does the same current pass through both the armature and the field

Ans.

Q19 One problem caused by armature reaction is a

Field windings overheat

b

Armature windings can burn out

c

The commutator can become scored

d

Arcing can occur at brushes A motor is identified as having 6 poles.

Ans.

Q20 When connected to a 50Hz AC supply, what is the synchronous speed of the stator flux?

a

3000 rpm

Shunt

b

1500 rpm

c

Compound

c

1000 rpm

d

Separately excited

d

750 rpm

a

Series

b

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

EXERCISE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

37

Electrical Machines Covering Outcome 8 ‘Understand the Operating Principles and Applications of DC Machines and AC Motors of Unit 309 NVQ Level 3 Diploma 2357 – 13 and EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and Outcome 9 of EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

The following questions relate to alternating current motors, both three-phase and single-phase.

Electric motors have many applications in industrial, commercial and domestic situations.

Q1. Give one example where electric motors may be used in each of the following locations:

i) A manufacturing industry

ii) A supermarket

iii) A three-bedroom house

 The most common type of electric motor is the INDUCTION MOTOR. The image left shows an open-frame induction motor used to drive the drum of a domestic washing machine.

Figure 1 shows a section of the stator for a typical 3-phase induction motor.

A B

FIGURE 1

Q2. Identify the name, material and purpose of the parts indicated by the letters in figure 1 above.

 The SPEED of the stator rotating flux will depend on TWO conditions Q3. Identify the two conditions that determine the speed of the revolving stator flux and state the name given to the speed of this flux.

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38

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

For a three-phase motor the minimum number of winding sets will be one, i.e. one winding per phase. Together the three windings will produce an electro-magnetic field consisting of one North and one South-pole, this is called one Pair of Poles.

Because the rotating electro-magnetic field is being created by the stator windings it is often referred too as the Stator Flux.

For a standard AC power supply operating at a frequency of 50Hz, and a stator with one set of windings producing one pair-of-poles, the speed of the revolving electro-magnetic field is 3000 rpm.

As stated this is the Synchronous Speed of the motor and is represented by the abbreviation ns.

To calculate the synchronous speed of a three-phase motor the following formula is used: ns = f x 60

p

Q4. Complete the following key:

NOTE: the figure 60 can be omitted if the synchronous speed is to be expressed in revolutions per second or ns

Q5. Complete the following problem. Calculate the synchronous speed of a 3-phase induction motor if the frequency is 50Hz

and there are four sets of stator windings.

ns = f x 60 p

ns = ns =

 THE CAGE ROTOR

B C

A

D FIGURE 2

The model rotor shown left shows the cage construction. The only difference between the model and the ‘real’ rotor is the bars in the model are parallel or straight between the end rings unlike the real rotor where the bars are skewed to maximise the production of torque.

Figure 2 shows a cut-away view of a cage rotor.

Q6. Identify the name, material and purpose of the parts indicated by the letters in figure 2 above.

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EXERCISE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

Electrical Machines Covering Outcome 8 ‘Understand the operating principles and applications of DC machines and AC motors of Unit 309 NVQ Level 3 Diploma 2357 – 13 and EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and outcome 9 of unit 8 in the EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

Q1

Efficiency of a machine is found by comparing

Ans.

Q6

A typical IP rating for a submersible pump is

a

Output current with input current

a

X2

b

Input power with output power

b

X6

c

Output power with input power

c

X7

d

Input current with output current

d

X8

Q2

Which one of the following is not classed as a machine?

a

Air compressor

b

Hydraulic lift

c

Escalator

d

Door-bell transformer

Q3

Shunt, series and compound are all types of

Ans.

Ans.

Q7

The surface temperature of a hand-held machine with metallic enclosure is

a

55ºC

b

70ºC

c

80ºC

d

90ºC

Q8

A portable electrical machine provided with a flexible cable will generally be fitted with a

a

DC generator

a

BS EN 60309-2 plug

b

DC motor

b

BS EN 60309-2 socket-outlet

c

DC motor or generator

c

BS1361 plug

d

AC motor

d

BS1363 plug

Q4

A face-plate starter is used for starting

a

AC wound-rotor induction motors

b

AC cage induction motors

c

DC shunt motors

d

DC series generator

Q5

Which one of the following machines incorporates carbon-brushes and a commutator?

Ans.

Ans.

Q9

Electrical life support machinery in a hospital will require

a

Careful installation

b

Battery power supply

c

A safety service

d

Continuity of service Information regarding the power supply

Q10 requirements of a machine can be found from

a

AC single-phase series motor

a

The machine data plate

b

AC single-phase induction motor

b

A competent person

c

AC three-phase induction motor

c

Maintenance records for similar products

d

AC wound rotor induction motor

d

Maintenance records for the machine

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

Ans.

39

40

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Laws of Illumination Covering Unit 309 ‘Understand the Electrical Principles Associated with the Design, Building, Installation and Maintenance of Electrical Equipment and Systems’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91) and EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and Outcome 11 of EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

Q1. ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING: Define the flowing terms and show the symbol used to represent the unit and / or quantity.

Artificial light can be produced by one of three methods these are:

i) By passing a current through a filament of tungsten wire or similar. ii) By passing an electric current through a gas such as mercury vapour iii) By current passing through a semiconductor chip

Complete the following statements:

The passage of current through a tungsten filament causes the filament to heat-up to about 2500ºC. At this temperature a considerable amount of heat is produced and an amount of light. This is called

If current is made to pass through a gas or metallic vapour, such as mercury, light will be produced. This is called

Q2. LIGHTING TERMINOLOGY: Define the flowing terms and show the symbol used to represent the unit and / or quantity.

Term

Definition

Unit/s

Luminous Intensity Luminous Flux Illuminance Luminaire Luminous Efficacy

Q3. POINT-TO-POINT LIGHTING PROBLEMS: Point-to-Point lighting calculations concern specific points of illumination, taking into account the light intensity, the distance the light source is from the surface and the angle at which the light ‘strikes’ the surface. The calculations are precise. DO NOT consider the illumination of whole areas such as floors, walls and ceilings.

State the names of the two laws that apply to Point-to-Point lighting calculations: i) ii)

Q4. APPLICATION OF TERMINOLOGY: In the following diagrams use correct terms and symbols to complete the picture.

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EXERCISE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

Q5. FORMULAE: State the formula for each Law. i) E

i) h = AND

ii) E

ii) Cos θ

Q6. CALCULATION USING THE FIRST LAW (Show all stages) i) The intensity of a light source is 6000cd and is located perpendicular to a surface 4m from it.

What is the illuminance at the surface?

6000cd

4m

E=

E

ii) Calculate the illuminance if the surface is 5m away from the source.

6000cd

5m

E=

E

Q7. CALCULATION USING THE SECOND LAW (Show all stages) 400cd EB = To find h use Pythagoras Theorem:

θ 3m

h

d

h= To find the Cosine of the angle (θ):

EA EB =

Cos θ =

EB

x 4m

Q8. CALCULATE THE ILLUMINANCE AT POINT EB 1000cd

EB = Next find Cos (θ): Cos θ =

5m Now find the illuminance at EB: EA

6m

EB

EB =

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

41

42

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Lighting Covering Outcome 4 ‘Understand the Types, Applications and Limitations of Wiring Systems and Associated Equipment’. Unit 305 NVQ Level 3 Diploma 2357 – 13 and EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and supports EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

To answer most of the following questions you will need BS7671:2008 +A3 2015, Requirements for Electrical Installations.

 Luminaires & Lighting Installations: Q1. Identify five examples of outdoor lighting installations.

Q2. Give one example of street furniture.

Q3. Define the term ‘highway power supply’.

Q4. Identify the type and characteristics of a switch required for the isolation of supplies to high voltage (HV) signs.

Q5. Define the following terms found in Regulation group (559.3 and 559.4).

i) Festoon ii) Pelmet iii) Track

i) ii) iii)

Q6. State the maximum operating voltage of a standard ceiling rose.

Q7. A device designed to support a pendant luminaire must be capable of carrying a mass of how many kg?

Q8. Identify the meaning of lamp-holder references (B15, B22, E14, E27 and E40).

Q9. Define the terms: Luminaire, Ballast and Stroboscopic.

Q10. Identify the two functions of the following component found in a low pressure mercury (MCF), luminaire. i) ii)

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

EXERCISE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

43

Transformers Covering Unit 309 Outcome 5 ‘Understand the Fundamental Principles which underpin the Relationship between Magnetism and Electricity’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13 / 91 and outcome 5 of QELTK 08 of EAL NVQ Level 3 1605 Diploma, and supports the EAL Level 3 Electrotechnical Qualification ‘7345’.

TASK 1. Identify the correct name and give one example for

the transformer shown right, and the two on page 44.

L

a) Equal number of turns each side:

N

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers CONTINUED ON PAGE 44

44

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

b) Fewer turns on one side and earthed core:

L

N

c) Fewer turns on one side and neutral earthed:

L

N

A

TASK 2. State the correct name of each part shown and

B

C

identify the material used in its construction.

I N P U T

A= B=

D

O U T P U T

E

C= D= E= Ip

TASK 3. State the ‘Transformation Ratio’ for the following

Ip

Is

Np

Ns

double-wound transformer.

Vp

TASK 4. Produce formulae for each of the following: i) ns, ii) Vp, iii) Ip i) ns =

Is

ii) Vp =

iii) Ip =

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

Vs

P R O D U C T S & S E RV I C E S

PRODUCTS & SERVICES | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

GUARDCAM – THE IDEAL REPLACEMENT FOR BROKEN, CORRODED SECURITY LIGHTS

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FASTER LIGHTING ASSESSMENTS ON THE GO WITH NEW LUMISPEC APP Lumispec’s suite of mobile and desktop applications offers the simplest and fastest way to create energy efficient lighting designs and proposals. Factors can be included or excluded within a few clicks, such as rooms or buildings that don’t offer the appropriate business benefits or, due to the decommissioning, recycling or installation costs, are deemed a lower priority. Products can be substituted and projects can be phased according to payback profile – all within seconds.

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Winner of two Innovative Product of the Year awards at this year’s Electrical Industry Awards is Scolmore’s new Mode Locating Plug Socket. Designed to assist people with impaired vision or poor hand to eye coordination to more easily insert a plug into a socket, the contoured shape of the front plate of the new socket guides the earth pin into position. The locating plug sockets are available in one and twogang options, with the two-gang version featuring outboard rockers to further assist with distinguishing between switches, making it less likely to switch the wrong one.

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If you would like your product or service featured in this section, email press releases to:

editor@sng-publishing.co.uk

45

46

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | HALL OF SHAME

HALL OF

a metal Cable pushed onto

There are lots of great electricians out there doing a fantastic job, but every now and then you’re going to come across something which perhaps doesn’t conform to regulations. Or good practice. Or common sense even.

Here’s some of the finest examples we’ve seen recently. If you come across a bad installation or something which isn’t quite right then send your pics to editor@sng-publishing.co.uk and we’ll print the best ones in the magazine.

ing the RCD

back box was tripp

Eek... neutra

l wire pulled

to extremes!

Nice daisy chaining!

Bit of a bad place to put a socket

Pressure washer connected to an extension lead outside a sport centre.

No RCD in sight…

HALL OF SHAME | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

e!

Earth sleeving pleas Wrong polarit

y

Beautiful, just beautiful

Creative trunking

What happens when you terminate on the insulation

It must have taken some skill to do this

A big thank you to Bad Electrickery for letting us use a selection of their pictures and captions!

More can be found on their facebook page ď‚‚ /BadElectrickery?fref=ts or their website www.badelectrickery.com

47

SPARKS MAGAZINE | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | PUZZLE CORNER

TEA BREAK

?

TIME

FAMOUS ELECTRICIANS From electrician to leader of your country. Lech Wałęsa was an electrician by trade, but soon after beginning work at the Lenin Shipyard in Poland he became a trade-union activist, and co-founded Solidarity, the Soviet bloc’s first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, and served as President of Poland from 1990 to 1995.

1 2

3

4 5

?

6

7

8

ELECTRICAL TRIVIA

10

Benjamin Franklin was the first to prove that lightning is an electrical phenomenon with his rather risky kite experiment.

Around 1752 he flew a kite into storm clouds, the kite was struck by lightning and, when Franklin moved his hand towards a key which was attached near the bottom, a spark jumped across and he felt a shock, proving that lightning was electrical in nature.

JOKING ASIDE Q: What is an electrician’s

favourite ice cream flavour?

A: Shock-o-lot!

Q: What would you call a

power failure?

A: A current event.

Two atoms were walking down the street one day, when one of them exclaimed, “Oh no - I’ve lost an electron!” “Are you sure?” the other one asked. “Yes,” replied the first one, “I’m positive.”

9

11

12

13 14

15

16 17 18

ACROSS

DOWN

2

4 6

7

8 11 14 17 18

1 3 5 8 9 10

11 12

13

15 16

According to the Borgs in Star Trek, this is futile Can apply to underwear or insulation!

What type of insurance is essential for a business? (2 Words) The first of the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year 2016 heats are being held here An essential hand tool for fixings Video surveillance In cabling this is usually made from copper Quality van and car manufacturer The head judge for SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year 2016 (2 Words)

RSI (3 Words) An electrical trade association Type of cables which don’t burn (2 Words) A chocolate bar or workwear manufacturer?

Wiring regulations Abbreviation for the British Approvals Service for Cables This is used for containing wires A type of tester used for checking isolation (2 Words) This type of power tool doesn’t require a lead whilst working Tools manufacturer A heavy metal band or electrical current?

Answers (hope you didn’t peek before you finished!) ACROSS: 2. Resistance, 4. Thermal, 6. Public Liability, 7. Bridgwater, 8. Screwdriver, 11. CCTV, 14. Conductor, 17. Mercedes, 18. Darren Oates DOWN: 1. Repetitive Strain Injury, 3. NAPIT, 5. Fire Resistant, 8. Snickers, 9. IET, 10. BASEC, 11. Conduit, 12. Two Pole, 13. Cordless, 15. Knipex, 16. ACDC

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QUICK QUIZ | WINTER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

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N U F R O F J UST Wordsearch Try to locate the words hidden in our fun wordsearch!

B W C R I C A M P U S T Y Z M Y X Y Q F

B I Z E A N N C E B A E J C L H W Z W B

P L J V S T S K S M B K B G I L X M J H

A D V I N L C U P S G C M Y R X M D E D

 APPRENTICE  CABLE  CAMPUS  COLLEGE  CONDUCTOR  CORDLESS  DIPLOMA

N P W R W V B H L U N O J I I Q G Z C H

B L A D Z Y C L E A I S L A F H M L R Y

W M K W B D C O V T T I C V B R A V P H

U Y P E Y O A X R Z H I U G E I P L W K

N I Z R M E X O E F G G O G Q T P H A U

B A K C T W T N A I I F U N E Y R X D S

S Y I S I C V U B W L L M W C K E H V P

F S C C U S I S O L A T I O N E N P H C

 ELECTRICIAN  INSULATION  ISOLATION  LIGHTING  PLIERS  RATCHET  REGULATIONS

S L I B R O E N E D L G I S D E R T G E T R R O N I F T L A H E E R L S L D I I I A P Q A D L X T I C N L J N P X E S P

C U G V G I N W E N E S T R I I E U U K S L U T N R S P A U N O Q R R C M C E T Y E M P D G Q L M E O J X E L X I P T B P L O M A R O P W C X Z W G U X R X O W E K G T V I O Z X O J V F N B K T S P N  SCREWDRIVER  SOCKET  TEMPERATURE  TESTER  TRUNKING  WIRE

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to freely download exercise answers

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More is More.

The new DV18DBXL 18V Combi Drill

136Nm

Brushless motor

6.0Ah

Li-ion batteries x 2

38 min Charge time