IM8 - Recreational architecture: recreational complex accessible for everyone

STRUCTUM COMPETITION “IŠMANUSIS MIESTAS VIII”

RECREATIONAL ARCHITECTURE: RECREATIONAL COMPLEX ACCESSIBLE FOR EVERYONE

ANYKŠČIAI, STADIONO G.1 EXPLANATORY NOTE

Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Faculty of Architecture 5 course student TATSIANA KUKLIERIENE Supervisor: LINAS NAUJOKAITIS

Vilnius, 2022

Content Terminology 1.

5

Introduction

6

1.1. Topic selection

6

1.2. Relevance of the topic

6

1.3. Research object

6

1.4. The aim of the thesis

7

1.5. Research methods

7

2. Analytical methodological part

7

2.1. Types of recreation

7

2.2. Types of recreational architecture

8

2.3. Analysis of the current situation in Lithuania and directions for the development of recreation in Lithuania

8

2.4. Recreational architecture design principles

10

2.5. Design features of sports facilities for people with disabilities

16

2.5.1. Types of disability and design features for each type

16

2.5.2. Changing areas for people with disabilities

17

2.5.3. Accessible Routes

18

2.5.4. Types of Accessible Means of Entry into the Water

19

2.5.5. Designing saunas for people with disabilities

21

2.5.6. Designing active areas for people with disabilities

22

2.6. Environmental aesthetics as a means to evaluate and shape the environment

23

2.7. Analogue analysis

24

2.8. Summary

36

2

3. Artistic research and experiments

37

3.1. Influence of architectural forms on human emotional state

37

3.2. The effect of color on the human psyche

39

4. Project part

45

4.1. Information about site

45

4.2. Site analysis

48

4.3. Project program

50

4.4. Experiment

50

4.5. Explanatory note

53

4.5.1. Architectural idea

53

4.5.2. Urban decisions

55

4.5.3. Site plan

56

4.5.4. Detailed project program

58

4.5.5. Facades

64

4.5.6. Interior decisions

66

4.5.7. Construction of the building

67

4.5.8. People with disabilities

67

4.5.9. The main directions of movement in the building, evacuation exits

68

4.5.10. Natural and artificial light in building

68

4.5.11. Heating, water supply and sewerage

68

4.5.12. Hygiene standards

69

5. Premises program and main technical-economic indicators

69

6. Conclusions

72

7. Description of the use of the products offered by the selected sponsors in the

73

project 8. References

74

8.1. List of literature

74

8.2. List of illustrations

76

9. Išvados (lietuvių kalba)

82

10. Appendixes

83

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Terminology

Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time that are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and is considered to be "fun".

Recreational area - land that is designed, constructed, designated, or used for recreational activities.

Recreational space -

space specifically designed for recreational purpose in, on, or under any part of the building, for common use by the occupants of such building

-

public space is and has been an integral part of communities, serves as a location fo people to meet, relax and exchange ideas

-

providing mental relief through spaces, environment and surroundings

-

Refreshment of one’s mind body after work through activity that amuses or stimulates, play Recreational building - a building used for recreational purposes including (but not limited to) a the- ater, stadium, gymnasium, amusement park building or library.

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1. Introduction 1.1. Topic selection A necessary component of a full-fledged life for any person is regular rest in the required amount. Relaxation and entertainment can relieve stress and tension that plague us in our daily life. In addition, they satisfy our need for new experiences, they allow us to have different experiences.

If a person does not allow himself to rest, he very quickly loses the ability to feel the taste of life and be in harmony with himself and with the world around him.

There are a growing number of disabled people who are interested in recreation and sport activities. Engineering has several devices to offer for activities in many places in the world.

There are many examples of simple and sophisticated equipment, including computerized devices like wheelchairs for recreation and sport activities. All of them can use many kinds of equipment and facilities.

1.2. Relevance of the topic At the moment, there are many options and ways to relax and balance yourself. Some people prefer active rest, others - passive. And each of them has many variations. Although more and more modern recreation centers appear in Lithuania, the demand for recreational services is growing. And all new buildings must meet modern human needs, be it functionality or design solutions.

1.3. Research object This thesis explores objects of recreational architecture. Particular attention is paid to the objects in which the services for passive relaxation are indicated - spas, hotels, wellness centers. The features of the layout, the possibility of the functions performed, architectural solutions and the composition of buildings are considered. Also, attention is paid to interior solutions.

1.4. The aim of the thesis 1.4.1. Learn the typology of recreational facilities. Analyze and systematize literature sources and architectural examples related to recreation, and find out the priorities and needs of people for recreation; 5

1.4.2. Analyze the principles of creating various recreational centers based on the practice of designing architectural objects; 1.4.3. Motivate to choose a suitable place for a recreation center in Lithuania; 1.4.4. Prepare a functional program for a recreation center and present an architectural concept; 1.4.5. Prepare a project for a recreational center.

1.5. Research methods 1.5.1. Acquaintance with recreational facilities, their types; 1.5.2. The relevance of the creation of modern recreational centers has been clarified; 1.5.3. It analyzes what factors influence the choice of location, architectural solutions, functional plans of recreational centers; 1.5.4. A comprehensive analysis of recreational centers has been carried out; 1.5.5. Conclusions are formulated.

2. Analytical methodological part 2.1. Types of recreation It’s possible to highlight different typologies and criteria for determining the types of recreation areas. One of the options is presented below. Zones can be: active, passive, organized, unorganized, indoor, outdoor, formal, informal.

One of the most fundamental types is the division into active and passive. This is the most important criterion used to define a zone. It is especially important for design, because the active and passive zones have a fundamental difference in organization.

Active type is popular for wheelchair sports, that include athletics, badminton, basketball, fencing, table tennis, tennis, climbing, canoe.

Passive recreation refers to recreational activities that do not require prepared facilities like sports fields or pavilions. Passive recreational activities place minimal stress on a site’s resources; as a result, they can provide ecosystem service benefits and are highly compatible with natural resource protection: hunting, hiking, wildlife viewing, observing, picnicking, walking, bird watching,swimming, fishing.

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While active recreation and passive recreation refer to different types of activities, both types of activities can be located together effectively. There are some features for organizing an active type of recreation for disabled people.

2.2. Types of recreational architecture: Nowadays, the concepts and types of recreational architecture can be considered from different angles. Considering all the changes taking place in society and in the world as a whole, we can say that there are no clear and strict criteria for determining the typology of recreational architecture.

Sports facilities means enclosed areas of sports pavilions, stadiums, gymnasiums, health spas, boxing arenas, swimming pools, roller and ice rinks, billiard halls, bowling alleys, and other similar places where members of the general public assemble to engage in physical exercise, participate in athletic competition, or witness sporting events.

Spa and wellness facilities are where people go to exercise and have special treatments in order to improve their health.

Park Facilities means any play equipment, athletic fields, parking lots, picnic shelters, restrooms, performing arts facilities, public buildings, and all other improvements in a park, and includes trail sections located within a park.

2.3. Analysis of the current situation in Lithuania and directions for the development of recreation in Lithuania In order to understand what the situation is in the field of tourism and recreation in Lithuania, we examined the statistical data of 2019, which speaks about the most popular destinations in tourism. Table 1 shows a list of directions relevant for Lithuania. [1]

Cultural

Nature

Health

Business

and

international event Cognition of living

Active

Surgical treatment

Large-scale

culture

movement and

Diagnosis

conferences Large-scale events

entertainment in Rural (agro) tourism

nature

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Beauty services

(concerts,

Beauty spa services

sports competition)

Visiting cultural

Visiting natural

heritage sites

objects

Infertility treatment

E-sports events and competitions

Urban tourism Visiting museums

Dental services

Maritime and

Festivals, biennials,

coastal tourism Rehabilitation and

Night tourism

sanatorium-spa

Bird watching

treatment

Religious tourism

Small-scale conferences

Peaceful rest in Attending performing

plein airs

Health checkup

nature

Organizational "holidays"

arts events

Transplantation Water

services

workation)

Knowledge of Jewish

entertainment

national heritage

Fishing and

External meetings

hunting

and events of organizations International exhibitions Children and adult camps

Table 1. The list of directions that are relevant for Lithuania.

The table shows the most popular destinations as their popularity decreases. And it can be seen that among the first directions in the field of health tourism are surgical treatment, beauty services and beauty spa services.

According to statistical analysis, in 2020 people mainly traveled for the following reasons, are presented in Figure 1. As we can see, the main share is taken by rest and vacation.

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Fig. 1. Reasons for traveling in 2020 y. [2] Based on statistical data on the situation in the tourism sector, it is possible to assess the current situation and suggest prospects and directions of development. Even from the above two diagrams, we can conclude that in Lithuania more preference is given to recreation related to health tourism. This is a sector that is developing and has great prospects. And given the situation with possible lock-downs, domestic tourism is becoming more and more relevant.

2.4. Recreational architecture design principles Recreational architecture has its own peculiarity, which lies in the fact that it is a fairly new type of architecture that appeared relatively recently - at the beginning of the 20th century. It is in this kind of architecture that the main object is often the creation of space.

There are 5 types of recreational spaces, divided by the level of naturalness: 1. Natural environment in which the consequences of human activities are not felt.

2. Natural environment in which the visual impact of anthropogenic activities is small.

3. An environment in which there is a balance between natural and anthropogenic.

4. However, the environment, which is dominated by anthropogenic elements, is still a sufficient fragment of natural nature.

5. Anthropogenic environment, in which nature is completely overshadowed by a building, a device.

A feature can also be called the fact that the forms and composition should be original, sometimes non-standard, attracting attention, positively affecting the psyche. A monotonous or standard design will not work, attract people, and have no positive effect.

Landscape, surroundings, variety of forms and compositions are important elements.

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There are basic criteria for the correct assessment of objects of recreational architecture.

They are presented in table 2:

Table 2. Methodical scheme of systematic architectural evaluation of recreational environment objects (by P.Grecevichus and V. Stauskas, 1985) Content of the environmental object - the services must meet the needs of communities or recreational people coming from elsewhere, the recreational function established by the planning documents; appropriate and rational use of the recreational environment, convenient functional connections.

Shape - simplicity of visual form expression, undramatic, but unusual emotional impact, compositional stylistic integrity, content, plastic, color, detailed compositional coherence.

Interaction of content and form - the semantic image of the form must correspond to the functions or designation of the building, and the form must be rationally adapted to the function.

Object originality, innovativeness - ideas, novelty, rationality of technical and engineering solutions.

Technical subjects - technical condition, use of construction materials, taking into account the specifics of the place; sanitation i.e. hygiene conditions. [3]

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Since it was already established that one of the most popular types of recreation in Lithuania is SPA, its main types were considered. Types of spas: 1. Club spa The primary purpose of a club spa is a combination of health and fitness, offering a variety of spa services on a daily-use basis. They are often located within a larger gym or a health club.

2. Day spa Day spas provide no overnight accommodation and are suitable for daily spa-use.

These types of spas are usually found in easily accessible places such as city centers.

3. Destination spa Destination spas are facilities where its main purpose is to guide individual spa-goers in developing healthy habits to improve their well-being. This includes activities such as: spa services, physical fitness, wellness education and healthy diets.

4. Medical spa Operates under the supervision of full-time licensed health care professionals on-site, providing integrated medical care and wellness facilities.

5. Mineral springs spa These are spas that offer natural mineral, thermal or seawater sources used in hydrotherapy.

6. Resort/hotel spa Spa facilities located within resorts or hotels that provide professional spa services and fitness of a healthy lifestyle.

To create an ergonomic, practical, sought-after spa, you need to adhere to the basic design principles. That’s why it’s possible to found fundamental principles of a spa design concept: 1. The spa need to have a sufficient storage area (areas where laundry, products and supplies will be stored need to have sufficient space) 2. Cross-circulation areas need to be avoided as far as possible, in other words, there should be no direct crossover from a wet to a dry area. Semi wet areas should always be considered. The ideal design is as follows: dry – semi wet – wet.

3. Capacity calculations need to be performed with precision, for example to make sure gym equipment has sufficient space between each other.

4.

Suitable flooring such as non-slip rubber or similar should be preferred for wet feet walking areas.

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5. Sales areas should be pre-designed where stands should be implemented afterwards.

6. Privacy areas, such as showers, should be designed to avoid eye contact.

7. Factors causing noise pollution should be eliminated as far as possible.

4. The design and location of relaxation areas need to be convenient, easily reachable places.

5. Details and finishes of the shower area need to be clean.

6. The design of lighting needs to be considered where the heat is neither high or low, and the color of the light is pleasant on the eyes.

7. Relaxing colors should be preferred, but more striking colors can be used within the framework of the main themes in relation to the spa design concept.

8. Ventilation should not make enough noise to disturb customers, especially in relaxation areas.

9. The spa should be designed to allow the elderly and disabled to visit the premises with ease.

10. Close attention should be paid to the hygiene of wet areas.

Also, we must not forget about the main areas in the spa, which you cannot do without.

Main areas required to be found in spa centers are: -

Reception and waiting area

-

Administrative offices and staff rest areas

-

Fitness Zone

-

Indoor and/or outdoor swimming pool

-

Men’s and women’s dressing room

-

Men’s and women’s dressing rooms

-

Beauty units (hairdresser, solarium, skin care rooms)

-

Massage rooms (massage units can be diversified, for example Tai massage or VIP massage rooms, etc)

-

Cafe-vitamin bar

-

Bath and wet areas (sauna, snow room, steam room, bath, VIP bath, shower, Jacuzzi, floating swimming pool and similar areas)

-

Storage and installation areas.[Design Principles of SPA areas in accommodation facilities. Burcu Pehlivanoglu. International conference on transport, civil, architecture and environment engineering]

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The organization of all these areas can be presented in the following diagram on figure 3.

Fig. 2. Spatial functional diagram of a spa designed with separate areas for women and men and a fitness area As we see, a very important element - different male and female flows. Next figure 4 shows a standard flow splitting scheme, where visible, how this flows separate and connect again. [4]

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Fg. 3. Male and female flows An equally important area of the spa, where it is important to choose all the dimensions exactly so that both visitors and staff are comfortable. There are 3 main types of SPA rooms, which are popular in modern SPAs [5]: Sample Room 1 (Fig.5)

Fig.4.Sample room 1 -

Small hamam area or sauna

-

Shower to rinse off and cool down between treatments

-

Two relaxation beds for relaxing after having used the en-suite hammam or sauna Sample Room 2 (Fig.6)

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Fig.5.Sample room 2 -

A fully automatic massage tub for hydro-massage

-

A dry floating bed used mostly in combination with body wraps

-

An anteroom accessible via connecting doors with a sauna/hammam and two relaxation/massage beds.

Sample Room 3 (Fig.7)

Fig.6.Sample room 3 -

Overhead Vichy/horizontal shower table that can also be used to apply body wraps or dry massage

-

A fully automatic Hydrotherapy tub for underwater massage

2.5. Design features for people with disabilities 2.5.1. Types of disability and design features for each type In the 2001 census 20% of the population claimed to have some form of disability. Disabled people have a wide spectrum of different and sometimes conflicting needs.

There are four disability groups: 1) the deaf, 2) people with physical disability, 3) people with intellectual (mental) disability, 4) people supported by specially designed high level engineering equipment.

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- people with significant sight loss. For them are important logical layout, the use of color, light levels and the avoidance of glare and clear signage and some of the design issues which are important to people with visual impairments.

- deaf and hard of hearing people. The design of spaces to achieve good speech intelligibility, light levels and the avoidance of glare to assist lip reading, clear signage, as well as the installation of assistive hearing systems, such as induction loop are some of the design issues which are important to people with hearing impairments.

- learning disability. They need help with every aspect of their lives - including eating, drinking, washing, dressing and toileting.

- mobility impairments and approximately 1,45% of the population, as a whole, are regular wheelchair users. Changes in level, gradients, surface finishes and travel distances are particularly important for people with mobility impairments.

When design a sport facility it’s necessary to visualize how people will use the facility as a whole, from transport links, to the initial approach, through to specific areas, for example the changing rooms, the social area and activity spaces. It’s also essential to identify the potential obstacles and restrictions that disabled persons may face.

2.5.2. Changing areas for people with disabilities It

should be accessible (fig. 8) and comfortable for everyone. The most important

moments: - robust 500x500 mm shower drop-down seat should be used; - simple, safe falls to drainage channel; - level threshold between shower and changing area; - minimum 2 toilets for disables; - entrance minimum 1000mm; - benches minimum 450mm seat; - maneuvering space minimum 1500mm.[6] Fig. 7. Accessible changing facilities 16

2.5.3. Accessible routes in swimming pool Considering the fact that the projected complex will take into account the needs of people with disabilities, it is important to note the points that are important for design.

Accessible routes are continuous, unobstructed paths connecting all available elements and spaces of a building or structure. Requirements for accessible routes: width, travel clearance, headroom, surface, incline (1:12 or 8.33% maximum), level changes, doors, exit and assistance areas. An accessible route is essential to ensure access to the bathing areas and all ancillary amenities. An accessible route is not required to service raised jumps, platforms, or water slides. (Fig. 8)

Fig.8. Accessible routes at swimming pool area Of course, the methods of entering the water differ from the standard ones.

Swimming Pools Since large pools must have at least two accessible entrances (a large pool is any pool with a pool wall of more than 90 m), the main means of entry should be either an inclined entrance to the water or a pool lift that can be independently operated by a person with disabilities. opportunities. A secondary means of entry can be a pool lift, ramp entry, transition wall, walkway system, or pool staircase. It is better to make them of different types and place

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them on different walls of the pool. Pools with less than 90 meters pool wall must provide only one accessible means of entry, which must be a pool lift or sloped entrance.

Spas Spas must have at least one accessible means of entry, which can be a pool lift, partition or shuttle system. (Fig.9) If spas are provided in a group, 5% of the total - or at least one spa should be available. If there is more than one cluster, one spa should be available, or 5 percent per cluster. Pool lifts are not Fig.9. Lift on SPA required in spas. However, the use of footrests or extendable footrests is recommended, especially on lifts used in large spas where the water is 0.86m or more deep and there is ample room.

2.5.4. Types of accessible means of entry into the water Pool Lifts Pool lifts (fig.10) must be located where the water level is not deeper than 1.2m. This provides the opportunity for someone to provide assistance from a standing position in the water if desired. If multiple pool lift locations are provided, only one must be where the water is less than 1.2m. If the entire pool is deeper than 1.2m, an exception allows operators to use a pool lift in any location as an accessible means of entry.

Fig.10. Pool lift Seats There are a variety of seats available on pool lifts and these guidelines do not specify the type of material or the type of seat required. However, lift seats must be a minimum of 0.4m wide.

In the raised (load) position, the centerline of the seat must be located over the deck, a minimum of 0.4m from the edge of the pool. The deck surface between the centerline of the seat and the pool edge cannot have a slope greater than 1:48. Although not required, seats with backs will enable a larger number of persons with disabilities to use the lift 18

independently. Pool lift seats made of materials that resist corrosion, that provide a firm base, and that are padded are more usable. Headrests, seat belts, and additional leg support may also enhance accessibility and accommodate a wider variety of people with disabilities.

Seat Height The lift must be designed so that the seat will make a stop between a minimum of 0.4m and maximum of 0.5ms (measured from the deck to the top of the seat surface, when the seat is in the raised position). Lifts can provide additional stops at various heights to accommodate users of all ages and abilities.

Footrests and Armrests Footrests and armrests provide stability for the person using the pool lift. Footrests must be provided on pool lifts, and must move together with the seat. Padding on footrests —large enough to support the whole foot—reduces the chance of injury.

Armrests are not required, however if provided, the armrest opposite the water must be removable or be able to fold clear of the seat when the seat is in the raised (load) position.

This clearance is needed for people transferring between the lift and a mobility device.

Submerged Depth Lifts must be designed so that the seat will submerge to a minimum of 45 cm below the stationary water level. This will ensure buoyancy for the person on the lift and make it easier to enter or exit. (Fig.11)

Fig.11. Lift’s submerged depth

Sloped Entries Sloped

entries

(fig.12)

must

comply with

accessible route provisions (0.9m minimum width, maximum 1:12 or 8.33% slope), except that the Fig.12 Sloped entries

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surface does not need to be slip resistant. The slope may be designed as zero grade beach or ramp access. With either design, the maximum slope permitted is 1:12 (8.33%).

Clear Deck Space The base of the transfer platform must have a clear deck space (fig.13) adjacent to it that is Fig. 13. Deck space 1,5m by 1,5m minimum, with a slope not steeper than 1:48 so a person using a wheelchair can turn around and maneuver into a transfer position. The space must be centered along the 0.6m minimum unobstructed side of the transfer platform.

A level, unobstructed space will help a person transferring from a mobility device.

2.5.5. Designing saunas for people with disabilities When designing saunas for people with disabilities, it is worth paying attention to the main points. Key aspects for hydrothermal cabins: -

Each cabin requires a dedicated wheelchair parking space that measures at least 760x1220mm

-

Wheelchair parking must be located at the end of a bench and parallel to the short axis

-

A bench of at least 1065mm wide and 510-610mm deep must be kept clear immediately adjacent to the wheelchair parking space

-

The bench needs to be 430-455mm above the floor

-

If the bench is not against a wall, it must have a backrest at least 455mm hight

-

Benches must have slip resistant finishes

Other general disables access features to keep in mind when building a hydrothermal area: -

Entry ramps

-

Correct door widths

-

Low-level emergency button inside the room for assisted exit

-

Low-level bell at entrance to request assisted entry

-

Disabled bathroom

-

Accessible changing rooms, shower area

-

Treatment rooms on the ground floor and/or lifts to upper floors 20

-

Wheelchair access to treatment rooms (corridors, doors, turning radius)

-

Hydraulic treatment tables for easy access [7]

2.5.6. Designing active zones for people with disabilities. Active sport is very popular for people, using wheelchairs. There are special dimensions for it. (Fig.14)

Fig. 14. Wheelchairs for active sport Athletics: - all sport surfaces, tracks should be done from special synthetic material; - all spaces should be fully accessible; - it should be storage for wheelchairs; Fig. 15. Storage for wheelchairs

-

it should be maneuvering space for

wheelchairs Basketball: - wall mounted baskets should be used; - wooden floor will be better; Fig. 16. Indoor basketball field

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Tennis is the fastest sport for wheelchair users. That’s why surfaces are very important. And courts can’t be too close to each other. [8] 2.6. Environmental aesthetics and its impact on overall design In the 19th-20th centuries, experimental psychology began to study a person's ability to perceive elementary forms (lines, shapes, volume). W. Wundt, the founder of experimental psychology, believes that the feeling of pleasure depends on the type of lines of perception that are more convenient for observation (vertical or horizontal). For example, a broken line can tire the eye muscles, which implies the fact that such a line can be negatively perceived.

D. Symond reads that what is needed is not space, not a place or an object, but emotions.

The main factor that creates the environment is a person's emotional and aesthetic experiences.

American urbanist K. Lynch argues that the perception of the environment is a process of interaction between the environment and humans.

In 1985, in the former Lithuanian Research Institute of Construction and Architecture, research was carried out in the resorts of Lithuania. They used the original architectural spatial assessment methodology, which was later applied to other spatial planning projects.

The qualitative and quantitative nature of the spaces, formed by buildings, green spaces, and relief, was taken into account. It was determined by the individual image, social attractiveness and functional feasibility of undeveloped areas (quarters, courtyards) belonging to the public parts of the city (aux, central street). ) or small residential settlements.

As already noted, a person is also influenced by the geometric and physical parameters of the recreational space. You can feel differently in different places. The relationship between space and the person inside it is contradictory: it is impossible to create an environment that fully meets the desires and dreams of all people. Architects say that space should be meaningful, vibrant, human and spiritual.

Seven components of the environment, listed in Table 3, have been identified that act in different dimensions on a person using a recreational environment.

However, we must not forget that the most important and complex component of the environment is a person with his own behavior, and he is influenced by the modernizing environment. The perception of all people is different and you should not expect that there is one absolutely correct way to create the ideal environment and space. An architect, creating a recreational environment in which complex emotions accumulate, and each person must find their place in the recreational space.

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Table 3. Methodical analysis scheme of architectural environment spatial structure (worked out by P.Grecevichius, V.Stauskas according to K.Lynch, 1985) A quality living environment is impossible without functional and aesthetic technical equipment. When planning recreation areas, it is necessary to ensure that roads, parking lots, sidewalks and other architectural solutions do not degrade the quality of recreation areas. [9] 2.7. Analogue analysis There were two main selection criteria for analysis: 1. The type of the building should relate to recreational architecture, with its special design, layout, function etc.

2. Buildings must be in different environments, with different conditions.

Evaluation system was in such form: 1. Specificity of architecture -

Purpose of the building

-

The context of the building

-

Composition of the building

-

Architectural solutions

-

Materials used for facades and interior

2. Environment -

Location of the building in the city (or outside the city)

-

What surrounds the building, next to what it’s located (forest, water, buildings)

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-

The position of the building on the site, its orientation, recreation areas next to the buildings

2.7.1. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People, USA Architects: Baldinger Architectural Studio Year : 2012 It was the first center for disabled people in the USA. The aim was to remove all barriers as well as to involve people with disabilities in an active lifestyle. The building is fully equipped and adapted for Fig. 17. Sport and Fitness Center for

people with disabilities, which affects the

Disabled People, USA

overall architecture.

Almost the entire building is an active zone, only a small part is reserved for passive recreation. This passive part stands out both in location and in form.

Fig. 18. Active and passive zones in the building

The architecture is distinguished by simple forms, but the passive zone differs from the general architecture. The shape of the building does not differ much from neighboring buildings.

Fig. 19. Shapes of the building

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Interior

and

exterior

materials

are

intertwined. Facade decoration is also used in the interior. All finishes are done in neutral tones.

Fig. 20. Materials

This is the presence of a track for wheelchairs, specially equipped showers, locker rooms, the gym itself. The truck is located in the gym and is at a height so as not to intersect with the main hall.

Made sports that are most accessible and popular for people with disabilities.

Fig. 21. Building features

The most

important feature remains

adaptability for people with disabilities.

It is located near the city center among a large number of buildings. A convenient approach is provided to the building from all sides.

Fig. 22. Location

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Almost the entire territory of the site is allocated for parking. This is also due to the location of the building. All activity takes place inside the building and in the courtyard where the pool is located.[10]

Fig. 23. Site plan 2.7.2. Cultural - Sport Complex For Disabled, Iran Architects:

Experimental

Branch

of

Architecture Year : 2011 Due to the special reasons inherent in this region, this project has become one of many complexes focused on people with disabilities. Also, the purpose of the building Fig. 24.

influenced

the

overall

architecture, which can be seen from the

Cultural - Sport Complex For

ramps that run through the entire building.

Disabled, Iran

Although the whole building is designed for active recreation, the building has a large area reserved for passive activities. A lot of space is occupied by ramps, a hall, and places of rest. In this case, the division of zones goes mainly by floors.

Fig.25. Active and passive zones in the building

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The

building

has

a

fairly

simple

rectangular shape. Interest in the building is preceded by façade solutions, through the glass façade one can see the internal structure of the building.

Fig.26. Shapes

Among the features of this building is also its focus on people with disabilities.

Numerous

ramps,

roof

tracks

for

wheelchairs, special racks for equipment appear from here. A lot of space is needed to accommodate the ramps going through all the floors. Therefore, a spacious hall appeared in the height of all floors.A lot of space is needed to accommodate the ramps Fig.27. Building features

going through all the floors. Therefore, a spacious hall appeared at the height of all floors.

It’s

located in

a densely populated

residential area. The height of the building was provided by site restrictions. The restrictions also affected the appearance of a park and sports grounds next to the building.

Fig.28. Location Fig.29. Site plan Due to building restrictions and soil, the site was built on a small part. Near the building there are floors for games, green areas. Parking is located on two basement levels.[11] Other examples are not specialized for the disabled.

27

2.7.3. Strøm Spa Vieux-Québec, Canada.

Architects:

LEMAYMICHAUD

Architecture

Design Year: 2018 It’s a SPA complex in the city, designed in the city, but surrounded by water and natural greenery, where visitors can relax. (Fig.27) The complex is located on the site of a former port, which influenced the choice of materials for decoration.

Fig. 30. Strøm Spa Vieux-Québec, Canada

We can see that active and passive zones are mixed. Moreover, the active zones are mainly located outside the building. The space of the active and passive ones are open, and the passive ones have a fairly standard height and scale.

The shape of the complex is unregular, but the simplicity of the layout of the volumes make them blend as part of the horizontal landscape and allows their anchorage to the site. (Fig.28) The materiality of the buildings, both interior and exterior, through the use of materials such as grayish wood, black metal and Corten steel, evokes port landscapes as well as maritime spirit and history.

Facade materials are transferred to the interior.

Sufficiently dark shades prevail in the passive zones.

(Fig.31) Fig. 31. Materials

28

Laid on the banks of the St. Lawrence, it evokes the harbor history of the site. The complex is located within the city, on the river bank.

The building is oriented in such a way as to "catch" the best landscapes.

The facility is located on the bank of the river and it’s designed so that from all parts of the building there is a view of the water.

Fig. 32. Location and view The site is divided perpendicular to the river by buildings, terraces and basins. This fragmentation allows the presentation of different thermal zones, each developed to offer unique sensory universes, linked together to form a complete experiential journey.

Fig. 33. Site plan The spaces are designed and deployed to maximize access and views of the river. The ensemble of recesses and protrusions allows for a variety of framings that enhance the contemplation of the waterfront panorama.[12] 2.7.4. Somnus Hotel & Spa, Druskininkai, Lithuania Architects: arches Area: 5680 m² It's a SPA hotel for recreation, treatment and entertainment of visitors. (Fig.34) The context for the composition was an old oak tree that grew on the site of the current complex. The idea of branching branches was reflected in the overall external design.

Fig. 34. Somnus Hotel & Spa, Druskininkai, Lithuania. Architects arches

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The functional model ensures choice possibilities for the resident: once he wants to socialise, he will find several meeting spaces, and if he wants to hide or fall asleep - he will find his own quiet corner. In such a context, on the ground floor halls, restaurants, lounges, SPAs are designed, while the bedrooms are situated on the upper floors.

Fig. 35. Active and passive zones The fact that the building is sufficiently proportional and has a standard ceiling height both in the active zone and in the passive one, although in the plan we see dynamic forms, especially of the active zone.

Fig. 36. Shapes

The composition of the building resembles a tree with branches. The architect was inspired by the old oak that stood on the site of the hotel. This is where angular walls, disproportionate contours and non-standard roof solutions come from.

The hotel's public spaces continue the external spaces, so the same finishing materials are used. Meanwhile, the rooms are designed as a textured, soft area, where a moss-like carpet combines with 3D walls. The lighting, as in the forest, indirectly spreads from everywhere no one is allowed to disturb the dreamy state.

The play of light is transferred to the hotel spaces: the light falling on the textured interior walls creates the feeling of being in the woods. The interior is a realm of dreams, where it is significant to avoid contrasts. The transition from light to dusk can be seen everywhere: in the common areas as well as in the hotel rooms. (Fig.37) Fig. 37. Interior The object is located within the city limits, but not in the very center. It’s located in the historic healing resort of Druskininkai, where old wooden villas reside, mineral springs gush, and pine forests flourish.

30

The building stands next to the river, and there is also natural greenery right next to it.​

Fig. 38. Location The analyzed object occupies almost the entire area. More space is left in the area where the hotel rooms are located. [13] Fig. 39. Site plan 2.7.5. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China Architects: B.L.U.E. Architecture Studio Area: 1560 m² It’s a wellness center in a valley far from the city, where people can take a break from the bustle of the city and relax. As the building is located in a mountainous area, separate volumes

of

the

building

symbolize

mountains. Also, the choice of materials is based on the similarity to natural stone. (Fig.40) Fig. 40. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China.

Architects B.L.U.E. Architecture Studio There are 8 towers in total with different heights and angles.

The first floor at the two of the towers provide hot spring pools, while at the rest of the towers provide service spaces. The second floors at the eight towers are 2 spas, 5 pools and a rest space. Outside the towers, we design large open plant landscape areas covered in glass boxes. They are all closed loops with no end, leaving plenty of possibilities of circulation for guests, just like walking in the forest. Along the circulation paths, Fig. 41. Active and passive areas 31

small-scale functional spaces such as coffee shops, rest areas, makeup space and retail are scattered around to enrich the walking.

The building has an interesting non-standard and different heights of the active and passive zones. This creates a different sensation in each area.

The design attempts to simulate and correspond to the form of a continuous mountain range through creating a form of spatial combination of soaring vertical solid towers and horizontal transparent glass boxes.

Fig. 42. Shapes.

Volcanic rocks and hot springs are both geologic formations after volcanic eruptions. In order to express the energy of nature, we select volcanic rock as the material for external walls of the towers. The horizontal glass-box space reveals a sense of transparency and blur, contrasting with the solid tower buildings.

Fig. 43. Materials For the interior, we use three main materials: bamboo, timber and stone. By combining the lighting and the depth of the towers in four different layouts, we create a special sense of ritual for bathing in a hot spring. (Fig.42) Fig. 44. Interior The site of this project is located in the valley of Rehe, the North of Chengde City in China in the center of a deep valley, far from the city center.

Surrounded by mountains and facing tranquil water, the site is a natural place with serenity. Primitive forest environment also exists next to the site.

Fig. 45. Location

32

The building occupies almost the entire site. Recreation areas,

usually

located

around

lendmark,

are

concentrated in the center of the project and are covered with glass.

Fig. 46. View from the building

This is due to the fact that the weather in this region changes frequently and in order to ensure the comfort of visitors, the walking and recreation areas are covered with glass structures.[14] Fig. 47. Site plan 2.7.6. Suure-Jaani Health Centre, Sure-Jaani, Estonia Architects: Arhitekt Must Area: 3120 m² The building was born out of desire to resist the depopulation of small towns and the lifelessness of town centres. In order to activate urban life, a spatial program of a multifaceted public building Fig. 48. Suure-Jaani Health Centre, Sure-Jaani, Estonia was erected. The building had to improve the town's public services (swimming pool, ambulance, police) and add value to locals’ quality of life (health centre, rehabilitation clinic among others), while also functioning as the town’s tourist and recreational destination (SPA, visitor centre, café). (Fig.49) Located in the city center, the complex is designed in the style of old traditions. The context assumes the use of local traditional materials.

Passive zones "surround" the active zone on both the first and second floors.

The active zone has more space and a relatively large scale.

Passive is quite standard proportions.

Fig. 49. Active and passive zones 33

At first glance, compositionally, the building may seem too simple and boring. However, we see that a lot of details have been thought out: the shape of the building is combined with the ports of the surrounding buildings, the use of glass gives a modern and light look. The building consists of similar shapes.

Fig. 50. Shapes The building is finished off with the area’s characteristic

red

brick.

The

roofs of the

energy-efficient building are covered with dark tiles integrated with solar panels by a local manufacturer. The use of glass makes it easier to look out the building. (Fig.51) Fig. 51. Materials The interior repeats the same material as on the facades. The finishing of the interior and pool makes extensive use of polyurea coating and translucent stretch ceilings.[15] As a result of the analysis, some patterns and features of recreational architecture were identified.

1. Basically, the closer a building is to the city center, the less space is left on the site for recreation and landscaping areas, which is explained by the natural factor of economy and limited land within the city.

2. Most often, active zones are clearly separated from passive ones either by floors or by corridors, to provide quality rest for those who prefer peace and quiet.

3. In half of the cases, the facility provides various types of services, which is due to the needs of a particular city / region.

4. The composition of a building depends on the functions it performs as well as on the environment in which the object is located. Sometimes the composition of a building helps to emphasize all the advantages of the environment in which the building is located.

5. Almost all analogs have different architectural solutions, which are influenced by both the region and the specific environment: forest, river, mountains or houses. This can also be explained by the fact that in this way an interesting design attracts visitors and helps to feel like in a completely different space.

34

6. All buildings use local materials, and all of them are in one way or another related to the place: historical background, environment, local traditional materials.

2.7.7. Analogues for the surrounding area.

Eastern and Western Bathing Resort, Denmark Area: 2000 m² Year: 2021 Fig. 52. Eastern and Western Bathing Resort, Denmark Inspired by nature’s own shapes, the circle is the basic

concept

behind

the

design.

The

interconnected bridges – with integrated buildings and facilities – will invite bathers to use the bridges as they move around the resorts – this way, the buildings and bridges will have minimal impact on the surrounding environment. (Fig.52) [16] Saunaravintola Kiulu Wellness Area: 325 m² Year: 2020 Fig. 53. Saunaravintola Kiulu Wellness Through Saunaravintola Kiulu, the waterfront is activated as it is an element most underscored by the architecture. Every viewpoint from within the structure frames the lake, offering different moments and perspectives through which to take in and enjoy the natural landscape.

(Fig.54)[17] Fig. 54. Saunaravintola Kiulu Wellness, terrace.

2.8. Summary.

Today, the situation in the field of designing recreational facilities requires a special approach, because a person does not perceive buildings separately from the surrounding space. In order to competently solve non-standard tasks, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of a person's perception of the environment.

35

1. The architecture, formed taking into account the peculiarities of human perception, better fulfills its social function.

2. All means of figurative expressiveness should be in a harmonious ratio, taking into account their influence on perception. Repetition and surprise in the perception of form must be in appropriate proportions.

3. Only by taking into account the psychological characteristics of perception, it is possible to prevent possible errors in the construction of volumetric-spatial structures and forms.

3. Artistic research and experiments 3.1. Influence of architectural forms on human emotional state The fact of the influence of certain forms on a person, his state and emotions has been known for a long time. At the scientific level, it has been established that the form emotionally affects a person.

Square, rectangular, round, elliptical, triangular planes affect the viewer's attention in different ways. Simple geometric shapes are perceived faster and better remembered compared to complex irregular shapes.

Even the form of the form influences the perception of information in a certain way. It is believed that vertical or horizontal straight lines are associated with calmness, clarity and even solidarity, and curved - with grace and lightness. But it works under certain conditions.

The more often the horizontal or vertical lines and the more contrasting the color chosen for them, the unpleasant, up to dizziness, sensations they produce. These features appear when the viewer is under stress.

Zigzag lines give the impression of a sharp change, a concentration of force, a rapid release of energy. If the line is not balanced, it can cause discomfort. Simple and symmetrical shapes are perceived much faster than others and attract attention.

Not so long ago, scientists have proven that different forms cause certain emotions in a person. Common simple geometric shapes such as oval and square are perceived much faster and easier to remember than complex ones. Line shapes affect the speed and quality of information perception. Horizontal and vertical lines are most often associated with calmness and clarity, while curved lines are most often associated with grace and ease.[18] Let's consider each shape separately.

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Circle. It is one of the most common geometric shapes. The circle has no beginning, no end, no orientation, no direction, therefore it is associated with infinity and at the same time with completeness.

Ellipse. With its sides, the ellipse symbolizes involution and evolution. A slightly tilted ellipse is associated with dynamics, thrust, forward drive and innovation.

Square. The square is a symbol of ordering and a combination of four different elements, for example, the seasons. In addition, the square symbolizes simplicity, but at the same time strength and stability. This form is often used in the logos of large and serious organizations.

The triangle is one of the most versatile and common shapes. The triangle pointing upwards is called solar and symbolizes life, fire, flame and heat. An equilateral triangle is a masculine sign, a solar symbol that expresses aspiration, harmony and power. Inverted triangle - Feminine and lunar symbols express water, fertility and divine grace. In addition, ordinary triangles form the so-called hexagram and are associated with the synthesis of opposites.

The rectangle has always been and remains a favorite geometric shape of man.

This shape symbolizes reliability and rationality.

A hexagon is a regular hexagon. This geometric shape is often found in nature: honeycomb, the structure of some complex molecules, etc. In addition, the hexagram is a symbol of Judaism. From the point of view of psychology, the regular hexagon is associated with beauty, harmony, abundance and freedom. [19] Thus, knowing that in order to create recreational spaces it is important to create an interesting, non-standard form, one must not forget the influence of each of the forms. To avoid "overdoing it" and an interesting space does not turn into an unpleasant or annoying environment, it will be necessary to maintain a balance. (Fig.55)

Fig. 55. Influence of forms on human perception 37

As today, the situation in the field of designing recreational facilities requires a special approach, because a person does not perceive buildings separately from the surrounding space. In order to competently solve non-standard tasks, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of a person's perception of the environment.

1. The architecture, formed taking into account the peculiarities of human perception, better fulfills its social function.

2. All means of figurative expressiveness should be in a harmonious ratio, taking into account their influence on perception. Repetition and surprise in the perception of form must be in appropriate proportions.

3. Only by taking into account the psychological characteristics of perception, it is possible to prevent possible errors in the construction of volumetric-spatial structures and forms.

3.2. The effect of color on the human psyche Another important factor is the color scheme used for both the interior and exterior.

Obviously, it is of greater importance for the interior, because it is inside the building that all processes take place in the main. It is on the inside that the visitor is influenced by colors and textures.

Let's consider what properties each color has and how they can be applied in recreational architecture. Different colors are distributed in the spectrum, interact with each other, as well as what effect colors and shades obtained when mixing them have on a person. There is also color therapy.

Red. It is a warm color that gives vitality to the body. Red energizes the body, relieves blues and depression, and activates the work of all body systems. With color therapy, it helps against various blood diseases, as it stimulates the production of erythrocytes (red blood cells), and improves heart function. Improves skin color. Red is contraindicated in irritable, nervous people, people with high blood pressure.

Orange color has a beneficial effect on the hematopoietic system, warms up cold areas of the body, is contraindicated in nervous, easily excitable people and can cause a negative effect with prolonged exposure. Orange color improves the secretion of the internal glands, respiratory organs, helps with kidney disease and has a general rejuvenating effect on the body.

38

Pink is softer. Provides warmth and improves mood during color therapy sessions. By providing a sedative effect on the nervous system, it improves sleep and promotes overall muscle relaxation.

Yellow activates the activity of the brain, enlightens thoughts. This stimulating color helps to cope with mental fatigue. When exposed to it, an increase in skin elasticity and its rejuvenation is noted.

Green is a good stabilizer that normalizes the activity of all body systems (especially the circulatory and nervous). Since green color affects the acceleration of the growth of cells of all types of tissues, it is recommended for pregnant women, people with broken bones and for the rejuvenation of the whole body as a whole. An overabundance of green can cause negative energy, which will negatively affect the human body.

The blue color has a predominantly cooling property, therefore, from the point of view of color therapy, it is effective in the treatment of burns and fevers.

This is a calming color that helps to cope with anxiety, anxiety, various fears and worries. It is used in the treatment of color insomnia and various nervous diseases. Constricts blood vessels. The blue color has a calming effect on the brain, clarifying consciousness, contributing to more contemplative thinking. But too long exposure will be depressing and lead to apathy or make a person sad.

The light blue in color therapy is known for its analgesic effects. This calming color normalizes the functioning of all body systems. Particular attention should be paid to the blue color for overweight people, as this color reduces appetite and has a beneficial effect on digestion, helps to heal from nervous tics and insomnia. Too long exposure to blue disrupts the circulation of energy flows in the body and can lead to a malfunction in its work.

Indigo is a purifying color that acts on a spiritual level. It clears up stagnant, cloudy thoughts and brings a person to awareness of other levels. Too much excess indigo will lead to headaches and increased sleepiness.

Purple relieves tension, creates a feeling of lightness in the body and inspires, purple has a beneficial effect on the lungs, heart and blood vessels. It is effectively used in color therapy for the treatment of ears, eyes, nose, especially for colds.

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White is the most powerful cleansing color in color therapy. It will help the body to cope with any disease, cleansing all its systems at the highest levels. It is not for nothing that this color is found in abundance in hospitals and other medical institutions: white is the best pain relieving and general healing color.

Gray color acts as a protector from negative impressions, stress, mitigating the negative impact of various unpleasant events on the body, protecting from overwork and exhaustion.

Black is a color that is rarely used and used with great care. This is due to its strong energy, which can negatively affect the body undergoing color treatment. But neatly used black color can help cope with diseases caused by cold and moisture, balance kidney function, and normalize blood pressure. Black color in color therapy is effective as a general tonic for people with poor health. [20] Taking into account all of the above factors, such as shape, color, materials, it is possible to generalize the information and come to some conclusions that will help form the most optimal and important aspects in the design of a recreation center.

There is a clear relationship between materials and human sensations.

If we want a person to be able to relax and have a rest not only physically, but also mentally in the SPA, we should think about the fact that there is nothing inappropriate in the project. It should aesthetically convey calmness and serenity. The chosen palette of materials should not be too light or too dark, but should be balanced. (Fig.56) The selected materials represent the cladding covering the entire space and must be integrated with the existing furniture.

Therefore, when choosing a material, it is necessary to take into account the size of the entire area and the fact that it may or may not be wet. Also important are material durability, color variations, maintenance costs and anti-slip specifications.

Fig.56. An approximate palette of colors for interior decoration.

In addition to those parts that are indoors and protected from the weather, some wellness centers have outdoor areas set among beautiful landscapes. Such open areas should be attractive to guests, withstanding temperature extremes and weather conditions. An important 40

condition here is the relationship between the inner and outer world. Continuity of materials is a good solution both between rooms and between interior spaces, for example between the floor and the lining of a thermal pool. Not all materials are capable of withstanding internal and external temperature fluctuations equally. In contrast, a wellness center in an urban context can be more closed and play with material contrasts between different environments.

In recreational centers, the services are usually standard: Turkish bath, sauna and various reaction tanks. However, there are also more original services, which are usually added if there is free space. The advantage of architecture in this area lies in the fact that thanks to it you can create an atmosphere for rest, relaxation with the help of materials and colors.

Each zone can have a theme and a certain aesthetic appearance. A hot water zone can have more neutral and uniform painted surfaces, while colder areas can play on the many variations of veins in the stone; smaller and more personal massage and beauty treatment rooms can be characterized by different lights and colors.

Rest rooms can even be of a non-standard color, have different textures, be with a view of nature, etc.

The spa is a place where different worlds coexist, each of which has its own physical conditions: the sauna can reach temperatures of 90 °, while, on the contrary, the cryotherapy rooms are very cold. If the sauna environment is very dry, different water tanks with different temperatures work the other way around; therefore, considerable attention should be paid to the characteristics of the materials. The first factor to consider is sliding. This is important because people will be walking around in slippers or barefoot, and safety is very important.

In this sense, many materials and treatments cannot be used, such as smooth and polished marble or wood with a glossy surface. (Fig. 57)

Fig.57. An approximate palette of materials for interior decoration.

41

With porcelain stoneware it is possible to overcome these obstacles, while meeting aesthetic and functional requirements: through firing at very high temperatures, ceramics are able to withstand considerable temperature changes. This material is available in different finishes and has non-slip indexes to guarantee optimal use in wellness centres.

A very important fact for recreational architecture is the importance of the environment in which the building is located. This can play an important role in the composition, layout and distribution of functional areas. A view of natural greenery or water will always have a positive effect on a person's mental state. (Fig.55)

Fig.58. View from window with positive effect Natural lighting can play an important role; the sight of a blue sky will have a positive effect on mood and state of mind. The use of glass will help create a sense of lightness, blurring the line between the building and the environment. And, of course, it will bring a lot of natural light into the rooms. Skylights can help increase the amount of direct sunlight and can be fun creating spaces. (Fig. 59)

Fig. 59. Caching of natural light

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The facade of the building should look harmoniously in the environment. Since the beneficial effect of natural lighting and natural colors is already clear, it can be assumed that for the facade it will also be better to use natural materials or their imitation. Also, such a facade will look harmonious in this environment - natural greenery on the west side.

Wood, stone and metal are most suitable. Let's consider each of them in combination with the environment. (Fig.60) Metal

Stone

Wood

Fig. 60. Materials for facade

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4. Project part 4.1. Information about site

Fig. 61. Territory between Anykščiai city central stadium and Šventoji river Territory: Plot area - 1.0890ha. Address - Stadiono str.1, Anykščiai city. The plot falls into a protected area - the territory of Anykščiai Regional Park. The plot is located between Anykščiai city central stadium and between Šventoji river.

The plot has been formed, Anykščiai district municipality manages the plot by the right of trust, the main purpose of use of the plot is other, the method of use is recreational territories.There is a valid detailed plan approved by the Anykščiai District Council decision nr. TS-2.

Plot regulation - low building intensity with a large amount of greenery. Permissible number of storeys ≤ 3 storeys. Permissible building density of the plot ≤ 26%. Permissible building intensity of the plot - 0.8. (Fig.61) Problems.

The area is derelict, there are no buildings in it. The location of the plot in relation to the city is prestigious, but completely undeveloped, unmaintained, gradually turning into a desert overgrown with bushes.

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Tasks Prepare plot layout and architectural proposals, state land fund area around the plot (towards Šventoji river) layout and small architecture proposals, state forest (towards Šventoji river) layout, small architecture proposals, Šventoji river embankment improvement, reconstruction (if necessary), proposals for adaptation to the main needs of the Stadium 1 plot. (Fig.62) To plan and design together the complex functional visual of the whole described territory, in accordance with the regulation of the detailed plan. The functional vision of the Stadiono St. 1 plot is an international recreational health kit for people with disabilities "Being together". The absolute whole (buildings, small architecture, the whole infrastructure, its element) is adapted for people with disabilities - not by saving the norms, distances, steps set by regulations, but vice versa - by creating a more luxurious use of the whole.

Fig.62. Site area, build up area Below in figures 63-67 are photos of the site and the surroundings.

Fig.63. Site photos 45

Fig.64. Environment

Fig.65. Waterfront

Fig.66. Greenery between site and river

46

Fig.67. Slope 4.2. Site analysis

Fig. 68. Location of the site in the city The site is located closer to the outskirts of the city, where it is surrounded by natural greenery. It is also located almost on the bank of the Šventoji river. (Fig.68) The site is located next to the main road that runs through the city. That is, it is convenient to get to it from the city. Also, the river, which is very close, makes the place more attractive. (Fig.69)

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Fig. 69. Accessibility

Fig. 70. Main objects There is a stadium directly next to the site. There is an entertainment and sports center relatively close to the analyzed site, which offers outdoor activities for visitors. A supermarket is the closest of other important and large objects (fig.70).

48

The site itself and its surrounding area are submitted to the priority zone for recreational use. The main surroundings are the stadium and the single-family houses. (Fig.71)

Fig. 71. Environment and use purpose 4.3. Project program: Swimming pool/SPA area - 2000 m2 GYM area - 1000 m2 Restaurant - 1000 m2 4.4. Experiment Since the site is located near the river and a rather sharp slope separates it from the river, the idea came up to make this transition from the building to the river in the form of terraces.

(Fig.72)

Fig. 72. Decisions for terraces 49

1 concept TERRACE HOUSE This concept is more based on the integration

of

the building into the

environment. The site is located on a rather steep slope, which is oriented towards the river. Hence the idea to use this slope, to integrate terraces that extend from the courtyard through the building to

Fig. 73. Concept scheme for first idea

the slope. into 2 volumes. One is a SPA complex, another - restaurant. Zone with guest houses connected to a restaurant through the

covered

playground.

And

administrative zone is like a portal connecting the courtyard with natural greenery and the river. The area for guests Fig. 74. Functional zones in the building

is separated from the entire complex more

The zones are distributed in such a way

visually.

that administrative zones divide buildings In this case, the building "transforms" into terraces, repeating the shape of the terrace curves. This creates a harmonious look, when

the

building

fits

into

the

environment.Terraces play a key role in this concept, they can be used as places for active and passive relaxation.

Fig. 75. Site plan of 1 concept

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Fig. 76. 3D view of 1 concept 2 concept NO STAIRS This concept is based on the idea of fully adapting the building for people with disabilities. Externally and functionally, the

building

reflects

accessibility,

convenience and adaptability. Even on such a steep slope. The shape of the

Fig. 77. Conceptual schemes of 2 idea

building, reminiscent of an open circle, is associated with a wheelchair wheel, with a gentle rise, smoothness and organicity.

This concept creates an inner courtyard that will be used by visitors as a terrace. It offers a beautiful view of the river. The roof will also be used partly as a terrace and partly as a track for wheelchair users.

Fig. 78. Functional zones in the building

51

The zones in this concept are distributed so that they are again divided by the administrative zone into a SPA complex and a restaurant with a guest house zone.

Guest houses are located on a slope, they offer a beautiful view of the river, and the houses do not obscure the view from the terrace, because they are much lower.

Fig. 79. Site plan of 2 concept

Fig. 80. 3D view of 2 concept 4.5. Explanatory note 4.5.1. Architectural idea Both ideas were taken and combined into one. There remained the idea of terraces crossing the entire building, turning into a slope. And the concept of the most barrier-free environment has been preserved. The round shape is associated with endless and unhindered movement, and is also associated with a symbol of disability. The shape of the holiday houses is also

52

round. They are scattered next to the main building on the slope so that each house has privacy.

Fig. 81. Shape of the building To make the shape more interesting and bold, the decision was made to make the roof as an extension of the shape of the building. Thus, the building became even more visible in the environment. The functionality of the roof was also added, from which a view of the river opens.

Fig. 82. Architectural concept Thus, the terraces connect the building with the river on the ground, and the roof in a peculiar way connects with the river in the air. A huge ramp through the length of the building allows you to walk down from the roof to the terrace and climb in the opposite direction. You can also use the elevator for those who come by car or simply do not want to walk.

The volume of the building does not outwardly give out internal functional areas. Only detached holiday houses are separated from the main building.

53

Fig. 83. Volume of the main building and separate houses Also, the rounded shape forms a cozy patio, which is used for the functions of the pool and restaurant. Also, this courtyard creates the effect of the presence of greenery in the building, including through the display windows that go through the entire height of the building in the central part.

4.5.2. Urban decisions The building is located just behind the city stadium near the main city road. Visually, it is the predominant and bright accent of the area, clearly visible both from the embankment and from the side of the main road.

That allows you to "connect" the functions of the stadium with active activities taking place in the complex. Also, the complex is located next to the river, along which there are walking paths, popular in the city. Thus, it is located in a potentially active area.

Fig. 84. Connection to public areas The building is connected to the paths along the embankment, which makes it accessible to both visitors and people walking along the river. The complex can be used as part of a trail along the river, where people can climb to the roof and enjoy the view from above. Then they can go down the elevator and continue on their way.

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Fig. 85. Possible movement : riverbank - building-riverbank or riverbank - building - city 4.5.3. Site plan

Fig. 86. Site plan The entrance to the site is provided by a detailed plan from the northeast side. There is also a parking lot, where there are sufficient parking spaces for the disabled. There are elevators next to the parking lot that take you to the roof, where you can also start your walk. Places for the disabled are located closest to the entrance to the building and to the elevator.

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Fig. 86a. Parking Functions and views from the building are oriented towards the river and the slope, and are concentrated in the courtyard. There is also an outdoor swimming pool and a large terrace of the restaurant, which passes to the river bank, connecting with public paths. Also from this terrace there are branches leading to the holiday houses in such a way that each of them remains secluded, with its own terrace.

Fig. 87. Terrace connection to the riverbank and houses Main entrance is from the southern part. Automatic doors are provided to make it more accessible and convenient to enter the building. Opposite the entrance, next to the stadium, basketball and volleyball courts appeared. They link the building to the associated stadium.

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Fig. 88. New courts The relief of the site has a rather sharp slope, which made it possible to use it for more interesting solutions.

4.5.4. Detailed project program The complex is multifunctional, where you can get such services as sports in the hall, swimming pool, massages and treatments, restaurant, canoe rental, hiking, viewing platform, fishing, rental of holiday houses with medical staff.

Fig. 89. Additional function of the complex On the ground floor there is a pool area and a restaurant. They are separated by a hall, which is also a passage to the courtyard.

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Fig.90. 1 floor plan A special feature of the hall is its display windows across all floors, which make the greenery outside a part of the building. Almost in the center of the hall is a large spiral ramp (fig.91), which serves as the main means of movement between floors, and is also an element of the interior. This ramp is not only a structural and functional element, but also serves as an interior design item, a symbol of unhindered movement. A tree grows in the center of the ramp, which in turn also creates a connection with nature.

Fig. 91a. Main ramp in hall

Fig. 91b Section of ramp

From the hall you can get to the locker rooms, and to the restaurant, and go out to the terrace in the courtyard, and go to the embankment, where, among other things, canoe rental services are provided.

Large windows also allow plenty of daylight to enter. It also offers a view of the river.

Thus, getting into the building, a person is impressed by the spaces inside and outside.

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There are also changing rooms. All distances and dimensions necessary for the free movement of people with disabilities are taken into account. There are also places for storing wheelchairs in each changing room. Each of these rooms is equipped with toilets and showers, among which 2 are for the disabled.

Fig. 92. Movement in changing room

Fig. 93. Areas in changing rooms

Directly from them, visitors enter the wet zone, where 4 different types of saunas are located. All saunas are adopted for disabled people. The sauna area is visually separated from the general space by a decorative wood azure. This is done so that there is a feeling of different zones, even though they are located in the same space.

Fig. 94. Wet zone exits

Fig. 95. Swimming pools in wet area

Main pool is designed for active sport. It is also equipped with special equipment that allows lowering disabled people into the water. There is also a children's pool, separate from the general one. The floor covering is made of non-slip tiles. Outdoor swimming pool and outdoor jacuzzi with a terrace are used more for passive rest.

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The restaurant is located in the opposite part of the building from the pool. All its windows are oriented towards the courtyard and the river. Panoramic windows overlook the slope and the embankment. From the restaurant you can get to a spacious terrace, which turns into a path leading to rest houses or to the embankment or let you climb on the roof by running through the building ramp. On the roof of the restaurant there is a garden where food for the restaurant is grown (fig.96).

Fig. 96. Garden on the restaurant roof Holiday houses are located next to the main building on the slope. Each house has a terrace and is oriented so that the view opens onto the river. Access to the houses is organized in such a way that only residents can reach them. There is a separate trail for walking people.

The shape of the second floor resembles the rounded shapes of the entire building, which is again associated with smoothness, accessibility. This floor is dedicated to massage and treatment rooms and treatments. Some rooms are equipped with showers. On the second floor there is a health bar where you can relax and drink healthy cocktails. The treatment areas and the bar are connected by a passage above the lobby.

Fig. 97. 2 floor 60

The third floor is intended for sports, there is a large hall where you can work out both on simulators and conduct group training in a separate room.

Fig. 98. 3 floor There is a climbing wall in the gym. As it is one of available active sport for disables, there is big space for it - almost all wall. Under this wall is a utility room. .

Also it has zones for stretching, active games.

Fig. 99. Climbing wall in gym On the fourth floor there is a track for wheelchair users, which "hangs" over the main hall and is not fenced off from it.

Fig. 100. 4 floor 61

Thus, both the 3rd and 4th floors feel like a common space. Also on the 4th floor there is an exit to the terrace, where you can do sports in fine weather.

Fig. 101. Indoor track for wheelchair sport On the 5th floor there are covered premises for table tennis and exit to the roof. Also there are storages for wheelchairs.

Fig. 102. 5 floor and roof.

The roof of the building is actively used. As already mentioned, part of the roof is used as a garden, part as a terrace for sports, and part is for an outdoor track. But most of it is intended for an observation deck.

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Fig. 103. Roof as an observation deck The layout of the houses is rather laconic. A common space has been designed as a bedroom and a living room, a toilet and a shower adapted for people with disabilities. A small wardrobe is also provided. And each house has its own terrace around the house. The display windows overlook the slope and overlook the river. This allows natural light to penetrate and, of course, has a positive effect on the sensations of the visitor.

Fig. 104. Holiday house plan and view from it 4.5.5. Facades As the building has a rather complex shape, the idea was to make the facade as minimalistic as possible. Wood and glass can be distinguished from the main facade materials. Wood masonry gives monochrome to a complex shape, and glass gives lightness to the design. Even where there are separate windows, openwork details are used to maintain the monochrome facade.

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Fig. 105. Wooden cladding on the front of the window The use of natural thermal wood allows the building to blend in harmoniously with its surroundings. Also, natural materials are positively perceived by people, they help to relax, which is very important in recreational architecture. Considering that the buildings have a rounded shape, the facade of the water can be placed. So he has quite an important visual role.

Fig.106. View from courtyard The facades are made in the same style as the main building. Almost half of the facade is occupied by windows.

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Fig. 107. Facades of holiday houses 4.5.6. Interior decisions For the interior, 3 main colors were chosen - white, wood structure and anthracite (mainly for details). As previously researched, such colors have a positive effect on a person.

Elements of facade decoration are also used in the interior: around the main ramp, in the sauna area, on the second floor as "light" walls. Thus, a connection is created between the internal space and the external.

Fig. 108. Interior An important role is played by the textures and surfaces of floor coverings. Since it is especially important for people with disabilities to have safe movement, especially in wet areas. Tracks for driving on colassies are covered with a special rubber coating so that the wheels do not slip.

Attention is also paid to signs, which are written in large print, visible even to visually impaired people.

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Since the visual connection with nature is similar to architecture and has a positive effect, the maximum number of windows is oriented to the courtyard and the river.

4.5.7. Construction of the building The main load-bearing elements of the building are columns, load-bearing walls, trusses.

In areas such as the pool area, the gym, which require a lot of space, trusses are used for the supporting structure of the roof. The ramp running through the entire building is supported by columns or, in some places, load-bearing walls. Observing deck is supported with doubled columns.

Fig. 109. Constructional axonometric view 4.5.8. People with disabilities Since the building is originally designed for the disabled, all design requirements are provided. Among them: - the width of the passages, which is not less than 1.5 m, - the dimensions of the elevator, accommodating a wheelchair, - availability of toilets for the disabled on each floor, - special showers in the locker rooms, - the necessary equipment for the pool, - correct door width, - ramps with not exceeding the angle of inclination, - paths without steps leading to the river, - tracks for sports for the disabled, - accessible sports for the disabled,

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- a sufficient number of parking spaces for the disabled, located as close as possible to the entrance, - alarm buttons in every room, - medical services, - railings everywhere, - the height of the reception desk is convenient for people in a wheelchair, - interior details suitable for people with disabilities.

4.5.9. The main directions of movement in the building, evacuation exits Vertical movement is carried out along the central ramp in the hall. It spans all floors.

There are also elevators that can take you to any floor. Entering from the main entrance, the visitor can go directly to the ramp and climb to the desired floor, or go to the premises on the 1st floor, or exit to the courtyard.

An entrance to the restaurant is provided from the parking lot, directly to the Skadsk kitchen premises, which allows you to freely deliver products to the restaurant.

Each floor has emergency exits distributed throughout the floor. There are two exits leading directly to a ramp that runs through the entire building. The walls of the stairwells, all interior materials comply with fire safety requirements.

4.5.10. Natural and artificial light in building Due to the large number of windows in the building, there is a lot of natural light, which has a positive effect on visitors. It is also important for people with vision problems. All windows meet modern standards.

The building also provides good artificial lighting in all rooms. This is necessary both in the locker rooms and in the gym, where people with vision problems can be.

4.5.11. Heating, water supply and sewerage The site on which the building stands is connected to the city's water supply and heating networks. Solar panels are also located on the roof of the 5th floor. Their number is not enough for the needs of the entire building, but they cover part of the needs.

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Fig.110.Solar panels on the roof 4.5.12. Hygiene standards Ventilation in such a building is very important, because it has areas where there is a lot of moisture and they are also actively involved in sports. Ventilation of the pool premises ensures the permissible concentration of chemicals in the pool premises, established by a legal act. (Order V-362 “On Approval of the Lithuanian Hygiene Standard HN 35: 2007 “Maximum Permissible Concentration of Chemical Substances (Pollutants) in the Air of Residential and Public Buildings””). Pool water filtration equipment ensures the proper quality of pool water filtration. The main equipment is located under the main ramp with access to the premises from the gym.

5. Premises program and main technical-economic indicators Plot area - 11730m2 Total area - 4840 m2 Built - up area - 3540 m2 Build- up density - 30% Intensity - 0,42 Green area - 510m2 Parking lots - 36 pcs Nr.

Room

Area m2

Swimming pool/SPA 1

Hall

385

2

Reception

22

3

WC

5

68

4

WC

5

5

Female changing rooms

95

6

Male changing rooms

72

7

Female WC

11

8

Male WC

11

9

Female showers

23

10

Male showers

23

11

Wet area

587

12

Dry sauna

10

13

Wet sauna

10

14

Salt room

12

15

Infrared sauna

10

16

Showers in pool area

7

17

Staff room in wet area

18

18

Utility room

16

19

Hall in treatment area

145

20

Massage room

18

21

Massage room

17

22

Massage room

13

23

Massage room

12

24

Massage room

12

25

Massage room

12

26

Massage room

12

27

Massage room

12

28

Relax zone

80

29

Staff room in treatment area

23

Gym 30

Hall

198

31

WC

5

32

WC

5

33

Gym area

710

34

Room for group classes

155

69

35

Track for wheelchairs

340

36

Terrace for outdoor sport

184

37

Outdoor track for wheelchairs

340

38

Utility room/equipment room

181

Restaurant 39

Kitchen

70

40

Storage room

17

41

Restaurant area

287

42

Bar

65

43

Health/vitamin bar

48

44

Kitchen for health bar

34

45

Health bar area

150

46

Terrace with garden

25

47

Terrace for visitors

57

48

WC

20

House 1 49

Living room/bedroom

30

50

WC

12

51

Wardrobe

4

House 2 52

Living room/bedroom

30

53

WC

12

54

Wardrobe

4

House 3 55

Living room/bedroom

30

56

WC

12

57

Wardrobe

4

House 4 58

Living room/bedroom

30

59

WC

12

60

Wardrobe

4

House 5

70

61

Living room/bedroom

30

62

WC

12

63

Wardrobe

4

House 6 64

Living room/bedroom

30

65

WC

12

66

Wardrobe

4 Total

71

4840

6. Conclusions: Topic conclusions: 1. The topic is relevant both in terms of the need for recreational complexes in Lithuania in general, and in terms of orientation towards people with disabilities.

2. The specifics and nuances of design for people with disabilities make them look for interesting and maybe new design solutions.

3. The design of recreational facilities requires a special approach, as one will see buildings merging into the overall environment.

4. All means of visual expression should be in harmonious relations, taking into account their influence on perception.

Project conclusions: 1. The relevance of this type of complex is obvious, as people with disabilities need to receive as many active life services as possible in one place. There are currently no analogues for a similar complex in Lithuania.

2. The presence of various services and the possibility to visit the observation deck on the roof, accessible to all, makes the complex relevant and interesting for both locals and tourists.

3. The recreation complex in Anykščiai, which is adapted for people with disabilities, blends harmoniously into the slope by the river both visually and functionally. Visually, it is the predominant and striking accent of the area, well visible from both the quay and the road. It functionally connects the waterfront and the stadium, combining sports and entertainment functions.

4. The idea of ​a barrier-free movement has also been implemented, despite the relatively difficult terrain. Connecting the ramp to the paths without steps has become one of the features of the building.

5. Using solar energy, the building is sustainable, environmentally friendly and saves electricity, which will be high enough in such a complex.

6. The restaurant will have its own garden on the roof. This speaks not only to the commitment to the sustainable use of the building, but also to the ability to provide local products.

7. The emergence of such a center will create new jobs and attract qualified professionals.

8. Such a recreation complex can become one of the business cards and accents of Anykščiai.

Suggestions: 1. Any modern society understands the importance of active and passive access to sport for people with disabilities, so it is proposed to invest in such an object.

2. It is proposed to focus on the features of this recreational complex, taking into account the still existing restrictions for the disabled.

3. It is proposed to promote an active lifestyle in general and to emphasize that it is accessible to absolutely everyone.

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7. Description of the use of the products offered by the selected sponsors in the project Selteka “BIOWN light” technology is a smart LED lighting system , that adopts the natural biorhythm. This is an important aspect in a building of this type, because in addition to the fact that a recreational building should be visually comfortable for people, people with vision problems can also be there.

Schomburg Baltic The manufacturer produces a large amount of material necessary for wet areas. Various waterproofing materials are used for walls and floors, suitable for showers, toilets, swimming pools, saunas, dressing rooms. Among them are primers, leveling materials, waterproofing, tile base. Also, the edge systems of the pools and access to the pool are equipped with the manufacturer's materials.

Betono mozaika The product ROMPOX® - PROFI-DEKO is a professional binder for sand, crushed stone and gravel. Designed for pedestrian loads, extremely permeable, ideal for paving or sidewalks tree root protection, extremely strong. And one of its most outstanding qualities is that it is well suited for people moving in a wheelchair.

Wicona (Selteka) WICTEC 50SG Structural glazing curtain wall is used in the project.

A characteristic feature of WICTEC 50SG structural glazing curtain wall is the flush design with slim silicone joints between the glass panes. The system offers all-glass technology both

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for vertical curtain walls and sloped roof glazing. Based on the standard WICTEC 50 stick system these options can be realised with simplified and economic processing and assembly, while assuring a high level of quality.

The WICLINE 90SG integrated opening sash complements the homogeneous full glass design with Italian style or parallel out- ward opening functionality.

Huawei Access points Huawei AirEngine 6760-X1 are focused on indoor use. They support 10 spatial streams, which can be increased to 12 using the Right to Use (RTU) software. The model supports three modes of operation dual-radio, triple-radio and dual-radio + one scanning radio; the device is able to flexibly switch between them using Software Defined Radio technology. The AirEngine 6760-X1 APs are great for high-density, high-interference environments.

Huawei AirEngine 6760R-51 access points are new generation devices. These rugged, high performance outdoor devices are fully compliant with the Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) standard. The model has built-in antennas and provides transfer rates up to 5.95 Gb / s. The case of the device has an IP68 protection class, it protects the device hardware from the harmful effects of moisture, dust, sand and dirt, and is also equipped with overvoltage protection with a rating of 6 kV / 6 kA. The devices have optical and electrical uplink ports, allowing devices to be deployed in the most user-friendly way. The AirEngine 6760R-51 access points provide a fast return on investment and are well suited for use in pedestrian streets, city squares, and amusement parks.

LG The building uses multi-zone air conditioning and ventilation systems LG MULTI V 5.

Based on LG Electronics unique technologies and innovative solutions, the new generation MULTI V 5 inverter compressor is a key component of MULTI V systems and is distinguished by its maximum efficiency and durability.

MIDA (Technonicol) Various products of the company are used for waterproofing engineering structures and vapor barrier. Since the roof plays an important role in the building and combines several functions, quality coating and insulation is essential.

ARTECHNIKA

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The territory of the building is equipped with a video surveillance system 360 VISION TECHNOLOGY for the safety of visitors. Also equipped with a fire safety system ARITECH. Naujieji ženklai An important role in the project is played by the formed nearby territory, which should be well lit. Luminaires for street lighting BENITO Beacon Lis. The Lis beacon is a highly efficient product designed for lighting and marking paths, parks and pedestrian areas. Among its main features, its mechanical robustness and resistance to corrosion should be highlighted.

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8. References 8.1. List of literature 1. The data of the State Department of Tourism under the Ministry of Economy, 2021 2. Database and publicly available data of Statistics Lithuania, 2020 3. Petras Grecevichius. Influence of cultural and artistic values on the quality of the city's recreational environment. Urbanistica and architecture. 2007, XXXI tome, Nr.1 4. Global wellness institute. Guide to hydrothermal SPA & Wellness development standards.

Third edition. Space and people in commercial SPAs. 10/2018 5. Global wellness institute. Guide to hydrothermal SPA & Wellness development standards.

Third edition. SPA suites. 10/2018 6. Design guidance note. Accessible sport facilities. Changing areas. 2010 7. A federal agency committed to accessible design. Accessible swimming pools and spas. https://www.access-board.gov/files/ada/guides/pools.pdf 8. Global wellness institute. Guide to hydrothermal SPA & Wellness development standards.

Third edition. Wheelchair sport. 10/2018 9. Petras Grecevichius. Influence of cultural and artistic values on the quality of the city's recreational environment. Urbanism and architecture. 2007, XXXI tome, Nr.1) 10. Archdaily. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People. Published on January 16, 2015 https://www.archdaily.com/587732/sport-and-fitness-center-for-disabled-people-baldinger-arc hitectural-studio 11. Archdaily. Cultural - Sport Complex For Disabled. Published on May 21, 2012 https://www.archdaily.com/235723/cultural-sport-complex-for-disabled-experimental-branchof-architecture.

12.

Archdaily.

Strøm

Spa

Vieux-Québec.

Curated

by

Paula

Pintos.

https://www.archdaily.com/929954/strom-spa-vieux-quebec-lemaymichaud-architecture-desi gn 13. Archdaily. Somnus Hotel & Spa. Curated by Paula Pintos. Published on October 05, 2021 https://www.archdaily.com/969590/somnus-hotel-and-spa-arches 14. Archdaily. Forest Valley Hot spring Center. Curated by 韩爽 - HAN Shuang. Published on

March

23,

2020.

https://www.archdaily.com/935956/forest-valley-hot-spring-center-blue-architecture-design-s tudio 15. Archdaily. Suure-Jaani Health Centre. Curated by Hana Abdel. Published on April 18,

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2021.archdaily.com/959909/suure-jaani-health-centre-arhitekt-must 16. Archdaily. Eastern and Western Bathing Resort. Curated by Paula Pintos. Published on November

08,

2021.

https://www.archdaily.com/971425/eastern-and-western-bathing-resort-sweco-architects 17. Archdaily. Saunaravintola Kiulu Wellness. Curated by Paula Pintos. Published on August 10, 2021. https://www.archdaily.com/966474/saunaravintola-kiulu-wellness-studio-puisto.

18. Arnheim R. Art and visual perception. Moscow, "Progress". 1974 19. A.V. Ikonnikov Function, form, image in architecture. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1986 .-- 288 p.

20.

Цветотерапия:

лечение

цветом.

21th

of

November

2014.

http://9sargb.ru/news/TSvetoterapiya_lechenie_tsvetom/ 8.2. List of illustrations Fig. 1 “Reasons for traveling in 2020 year” was taken from the statistics website 03.10.2021 Fig. 2 “Spatial functional diagram of a spa designed with separate areas for women and men and a fitness area”. Global wellness institute. Guide to hydrothermal SPA & Wellness development standards. Third edition. Space and people in commercial SPAs. 10/2018.

Fig. 3 “Male and female flows”. Global wellness institute. Guide to hydrothermal SPA & Wellness development standards. Third edition. Space and people in commercial SPAs. 10/2018.

Fig. 4 “Sample room 1”. Global wellness institute. Guide to hydrothermal SPA & Wellness development standards. Third edition. Space and people in commercial SPAs. 10/2018.

Fig. 5 “Sample room 2”. Global wellness institute. Guide to hydrothermal SPA & Wellness development standards. Third edition. Space and people in commercial SPAs. 10/2018.

Fig. 6 “Sample room 3”. Global wellness institute. Guide to hydrothermal SPA & Wellness development standards. Third edition. Space and people in commercial SPAs. 10/2018.

Fig. 7 Accessible changing facilities. Design guidance note. Accessible sport facilities.

Changing areas. 2010 Fig. 8 Accessible routes at swimming pool area.

Fig.9. Lift on SPA Fig.10. Pool lift Fig.11. Lift’s submerged depth Fig.12 Sloped entries Fig. 13. Deck space Fig. 14. Wheelchairs for active sport

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Fig. 15. Storage for wheelchairs. Cultural-sport complex for disabled, Iran, 2011.

Fig. 16. Indoor basketball field. Cultural-sport complex for disabled, Iran, 2011.

Fig. 17. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People, USA, 2012 Fig. 18. Active and passive zones in the building. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People, USA, 2012 Fig. 19. Shapes of the building. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People, USA, 2012 Fig. 20. Materials. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People, USA, 2012 Fig. 21. Building features. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People, USA, 2012 Fig. 22. Location. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People, USA, 2012 Fig. 23. Site plan. Sport and Fitness Center for Disabled People, USA, 2012 Fig. 24. Cultural - Sport Complex For Disabled, Iran, 2011 Fig.25. Active and passive zones in the building. Cultural - Sport Complex For Disabled, Iran, 2011 Fig. 26. Shapes. Cultural - Sport Complex For Disabled, Iran, 2011 Fig. 27. Building features. Cultural - Sport Complex For Disabled, Iran, 2011 Fig.28. Location. Cultural - Sport Complex For Disabled, Iran, 2011 Fig. 29. Site plan. Cultural - Sport Complex For Disabled, Iran, 2011 Fig. 30. Strøm Spa Vieux-Québec, Canada, 2018 Fig. 31. Materials.Strøm Spa Vieux-Québec, Canada, 2018 Fig. 32. Location.

Fig. 33. Site plan. Strøm Spa Vieux-Québec, Canada, 2018 Fig. 34. Somnus Hotel & Spa, Druskininkai, Lithuania. Architects arches, 2020 Fig. 35. Active and passive zones. Somnus Hotel & Spa, Druskininkai, Lithuania. Architects arches, 2020 Fig. 36. Shapes.

Fig. 37. Interior.

Somnus Hotel & Spa, Druskininkai, Lithuania. Architects arches, 2020 Somnus Hotel & Spa, Druskininkai, Lithuania. Architects arches, 2020

Fig. 38. Location.

Fig.39. Site plan.

Somnus Hotel & Spa, Druskininkai, Lithuania. Architects arches, 2020

Somnus Hotel & Spa, Druskininkai, Lithuania. Architects arches, 2020

Fig. 40. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China, 2019.

Fig. 41. Active and passive areas. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China, 2019.

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Fig. 42. Shapes. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China, 2019.

Fig. 43. Materials. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China, 2019.

Fig. 44. Interior. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China, 2019.

Fig. 45. Location. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China, 2019.

Fig. 46. View from the building. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China, 2019.

Fig. 47. Site plan. Forest Valley Hot spring Center,Chengde, China, 2019.

Fig. 48. Suure-Jaani Health Centre, Sure-Jaani, Estonia, 2020 Fig. 49. Active and passive zones. Suure-Jaani Health Centre, Sure-Jaani, Estonia, 2020 Fig. 50. Shapes. Suure-Jaani Health Centre, Sure-Jaani, Estonia, 2020 Fig. 51. Materials. Suure-Jaani Health Centre, Sure-Jaani, Estonia, 2020 Fig. 52. Eastern and Western Bathing Resort, Denmark, 2021 Fig. 53. Saunaravintola Kiulu Wellness, 2020 Fig. 54. Saunaravintola Kiulu Wellness, terrace, 2020.

Fig. 55. Influence of forms on human perception. Made by author Fig.56. An approximate palette of colors for interior decoration, picture from internet Fig.57. An approximate palette of materials for interior decoration. Pictures from internet Fig.58. View from window with positive effect. Made by author Fig. 59. Caching of natural light. Made by author Fig. 60. Materials for facade. Pictures from the internet.

Fig. 61. Territory between Anykščiai city central stadium and Šventoji river. Made by author Fig.62. Site area, build up area.Made by author Fig.63. Site photos. Made by author Fig.64. Environment. Made by author Fig.65. Waterfront. Made by author Fig.66. Greenery between site and river. Made by author Fig.67. Slope. Made by author Fig. 68. Location of the site in the city. Made by author Fig. 69. Accessibility. Made by author Fig. 70. Main objects. Made by author Fig. 71. Environment and use purpose. Made by author Fig. 72. Decisions for terraces. Made by author Fig. 73. Concept scheme for first idea. Made by author Fig. 74. Functional zones in the building. Made by author Fig. 75. Site plan of 1 concept. Made by author 79

Fig. 76. 3D view of 1 concept. Made by author Fig. 77. Conceptual schemes of 2 idea. Made by author Fig. 78. Functional zones in the building. Made by author Fig. 79. Site plan of 2 concept. Made by author Fig. 80. 3D view of 2 concept. Made by author Fig. 81. Shape of the building. Made by author Fig. 82. Architectural concept. Made by author Fig. 83. Volume of the main building and separate houses. Made by author Fig. 84. Connection to public areas. Made by author Fig. 85. Possible movement : riverbank - building-riverbank or riverbank - building - city.

Made by author Fig. 86. Site plan. Made by author Fig. 87. Terrace connection to the riverbank and houses. Made by author Fig. 88. New courts. Made by author Fig. 89. Additional function of the complex. Made by author Fig.90. 1 floor plan. Made by author Fig. 91a. Main ramp in hall. Made by author Fig. 91b Section of ramp. Made by author Fig. 92. Movement in changing room. Made by author Fig. 93. Areas in changing rooms. Made by author Fig. 94. Wet zone exits. Made by author Fig. 95. Swimming pools in wet area. Made by author Fig. 96. Garden on the restaurant roof. Made by author Fig. 97. 2 floor. Made by author Fig. 98. 3 floor. Made by author Fig. 99. Climbing wall in gym. Made by author Fig. 100. 4 floor. Made by author Fig. 101. Indoor track for wheelchair sport. Made by author Fig. 102. 5 floor and roof. Made by author Fig. 103. Roof as an observation deck. Made by author Fig. 104. Holiday house plan and view from it. Made by author Fig. 105. Wooden cladding on the front of the window. Made by author Fig.106. View from courtyard. Made by author Fig. 107. Facades of holiday houses. Made by author 80

Fig. 108. Interior. Made by author Fig. 109. Constructional axonometric view. Made by author Fig.110.Solar panels on the roof. Made by author

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9. Išvados: Temos išvados: 1. Tema aktuali tiek rekreacinių kompleksų poreikio Lietuvoje požiūriu apskritai, tiek orientacijos į žmones su negalia požiūriu.

2. Projektavimo žmonėms su negalia specifika ir niuansai verčia ieškoti įdomių ir gal but naujų projektavimo sprendimų.

3. Projektuojant rekreacinius objektus reikia ypatingo požiūrio, nes žmogus matys pastatus susiliejančios į bendra visumą su supančia aplinka.

4. Visos vaizdinės raiškos priemonės turėtų būti harmoninguose santykiuose, atsižvelgiant į jų įtaką suvokimui.

Projekto išvados: 1. Tokio tipo komplekso aktualumas akivaizdus, ​nes žmonėms su negalia yra poreikis gauti kuo daugiau aktyvaus gyvenimo paslaugų vienoje vietoje. Panašiam kompleksui šiuo metu Lietuvoje analogų nėra.

2. Įvairių teikiamų paslaugų buvimas ir galimybė apsilankyti apžvalgos aikštelėje ant stogo, prieinama visiems, daro kompleksą aktualų, įdomų tiek vietos gyventojams, tiek turistams.

3. Žmonėms su negalia pritaikytas poilsio kompleksas Anykščiuose tiek vizualiai, tiek funkcionaliai harmoningai įsilieja į šlaitą prie upės. Vizualiai tai vyraujantis ir ryškus vietovės akcentas, gerai matomas tiek nuo krantinės, tiek nuo kelio. Funkciškai jis sujungia krantinę ir stadioną, derindamas sporto ir pramogų funkcijas.

4. Taip pat pavyko įgyvendinti judėjimo be kliūčių idėją, nepaisant gana sudėtingo reljefo.

Rampos sujungimas su takais be laiptelių tapo vienu iš pastato ypatybių.

5. Naudojant saulės energiją, pastatas yra tvarus, draugiškas aplinkai ir taupo elektros sąnaudas, kurios tokiame komplekse bus pakankamai didelės.

6. Restoranas tures savo daržą ant stogo. Tai byloja ne tik apie įsipareigojimą tausiai naudoti pastatą, bet ir galimybę teikti vietinę produkciją.

7. Tokio centro atsiradimas sukurs naujų darbo vietų ir galės pritraukti kvalifikuotų specialistų.

8. Toks poilsio kompleksas gali tapti viena iš Anykščių vizitinių kortelių ir akcentų.

Siūlymai: 1. Bet kuri šiuolaikinė visuomenė supranta aktyvaus ir pasyvaus sporto prieinamumo žmonėms su negalia aktualumą, todėl siūloma investuoti į tokį objektą.

2. Siūloma sutelkti dėmesį į šio rekreacinio komplekso ypatybes, atsižvelgiant į vis dar egzistuojančius apribojimus neįgaliesiems.

3. Siūloma apskritai propaguoti aktyvų gyvenimo būdą ir akcentuoti, kad jis prieinamas absoliučiai kiekvienam.

82

32

29

31 30

A

0

28

40

00

27 6

0

0 30

4

6

E A

E

28 26 5

5

00

0

1

23

22 4

25

B

00

0

D

23

2

43

1

3

24 1 C

Wet area 587 m²

2

4

4

14

3 16

11 5 B

21

18 8

10 20 9 6

12 19 17

7 13

1 aukštas 1:200

2

15

D

C

3

Nr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Room Wet area Utility room Staff room Salt room Infrared sauna Dry sauna Wet sauna Showers Showers Showers Utility room Utility room Staff room WC WC Changing room Changing room Hall WC Staff room Reception Restaurant WC Storage Kitchen Bar Terrace Outdoor lifts Living room/ Bedroom WC Wardrobe Terrace

Area, m2 587 16 18 12 10 10 10 23 23 7 3 3 2 11 11 72 95 385 10 23 22 287 20 17 70 65 57

TOTAL AREA

2005

30 12 4 90

A

E A

E

1

23

00

0

16

4

17

15

B

00

D 2

43 0

1

3

4

2

12

3

7

4

B

13

5 1 6

11 14 10

9

8

2

2 aukštas 1:200

C

D

3

Nr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Room Hall Massage room Massage room Massage room Massage room Massage room Relax zone Massage room Massage room Massage room Massage room Staff room Hall WC Healthy bar Bar Kitchen

Area, m2 76 18 12 12 12 12 80 17 13 13 20 23 145 10 150 48 34

TOTAL AREA

695

A

6

6

E A

E

6

5

5

23 0

00

1

4

5

43

1

D

0 00

B

2 3

4

1

4 B 2 3

D

2

3 aukštas 1:200

C

3

Nr. 1 2 3 4 5 6

Room Gym area Utility room/equipment room WC Hall Room for group classes Terrace with garden

Area, m2 710 181 10 198 155 25

TOTAL AREA

1279

A

E A

E

5

5

23

00 0

1

4

D

00

B

0

4

43

1

3

4

1

3 B

2

D

C

3

4 aukštas 1:200 Nr. 1 2 3 4

Room Track WC Hall Terrace

Area, m2 340 10 230 180

TOTAL AREA

760

A

4979 3

43000

E A

E

3

23 00 0

0

0 430

4

40

00 0

B

D 3

4

1 2

B

D

3

C

5 aukštas 1:200

Nr. 1 2 3 4

Room Hall/Table tennis area Track WC Observation terrace

Area, m2 260 340 10 935

TOTAL AREA

1545

00

0

49793

A

40

00 0 43

6

6

E A

E

5

5

23

00

0

1

0 00

B

D 2

43

1

4

3

4

B

D

2

3

C

Stogas 1:200

16.500

13.500

13.500

9.850

13.500

6.850

6.850

4.000

3.450 ±0.000

3.250 ±0.000

-1.000

-1.650

-2.000

Section A-A 1:200

13.450

7.400

6.930

±0.000

±0.000

Section B-B 1:200

13.450

7.410

4.100

±0.100

±0.000

Section C-C 1:200

16.800 13.200

12.500

9.450 7.410

6.850 5.670

±0.000

Section D-D 1:200

9.850

7.410

0.650