Real Health Winter 2019

YOUR GUIDE TO BLACK WELLNESS

Randy Jackson On the Link Between Diabetes and Oral Health

WINTER 2019 $2.99 US REALHEALTHMAG.COM

Take Our PrEP Quiz

Skin Cancer in People of Color

Puzzled About CBD in Foods?

Jennifer Jones The First Black Rockette and a Colon Cancer Survivor Lead Contamination in Our Cities

IMPORTANT FACTS FOR BIKTARVY®

This is only a brief summary of important information about BIKTARVY and does not replace talking to your healthcare provider about your condition and your treatment.

(bik-TAR-vee)

MOST IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT BIKTARVY

POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF BIKTARVY

BIKTARVY may cause serious side effects, including:

BIKTARVY may cause serious side effects, including: } Those in the “Most Important Information About BIKTARVY” section. } Changes in your immune system. Your immune system may get stronger and begin to fight infections.

Tell your healthcare provider if you have any new symptoms after you start taking BIKTARVY. } Kidney problems, including kidney failure. Your healthcare provider should do blood and urine tests to check your kidneys. If you develop new or worse kidney problems, they may tell you to stop taking BIKTARVY. } Too much lactic acid in your blood (lactic acidosis), which is a serious but rare medical emergency that can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get these symptoms: weakness or being more tired than usual, unusual muscle pain, being short of breath or fast breathing, stomach pain with nausea and vomiting, cold or blue hands and feet, feel dizzy or lightheaded, or a fast or abnormal heartbeat. } Severe liver problems, which in rare cases can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get these symptoms: skin or the white part of your eyes turns yellow, dark “tea-colored” urine, light-colored stools, loss of appetite for several days or longer, nausea, or stomach-area pain. } The most common side effects of BIKTARVY in clinical studies were diarrhea (6%), nausea (6%), and headache (5%).

} Worsening of Hepatitis B (HBV) infection. If you

have both HIV-1 and HBV, your HBV may suddenly get worse if you stop taking BIKTARVY. Do not stop taking BIKTARVY without first talking to your healthcare provider, as they will need to check your health regularly for several months.

ABOUT BIKTARVY BIKTARVY is a complete, 1-pill, once-a-day prescription medicine used to treat HIV-1 in adults. It can either be used in people who have never taken HIV-1 medicines before, or people who are replacing their current HIV-1 medicines and whose healthcare provider determines they meet certain requirements.

BIKTARVY does not cure HIV-1 or AIDS. HIV-1 is the virus that causes AIDS. Do NOT take BIKTARVY if you also take a medicine that contains: } dofetilide } rifampin } any other medicines to treat HIV-1

BEFORE TAKING BIKTARVY Tell your healthcare provider if you: } Have or have had any kidney or liver problems,

These are not all the possible side effects of BIKTARVY. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have any new symptoms while taking BIKTARVY.

including hepatitis infection. } Have any other health problems. } Are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if BIKTARVY can harm your unborn baby.

Tell your healthcare provider if you become pregnant while taking BIKTARVY. } Are breastfeeding (nursing) or plan to breastfeed.

Do not breastfeed. HIV-1 can be passed to the baby in breast milk.

You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.FDA.gov/medwatch, or call 1-800-FDA-1088.

Your healthcare provider will need to do tests to monitor your health before and during treatment with BIKTARVY.

HOW TO TAKE BIKTARVY

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take:

Take BIKTARVY 1 time each day with or without food.

} Keep a list that includes all prescription and over-the-

counter medicines, antacids, laxatives, vitamins, and herbal supplements, and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist.

} BIKTARVY and other medicines may affect each other.

Ask your healthcare provider and pharmacist about medicines that interact with BIKTARVY, and ask if it is safe to take BIKTARVY with all your other medicines.

Get HIV support by downloading a free app at

MyDailyCharge.com

GET MORE INFORMATION } This is only a brief summary of important information

about BIKTARVY. Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist to learn more.

} Go to BIKTARVY.com or call 1-800-GILEAD-5. } If you need help paying for your medicine,

visit BIKTARVY.com for program information.

BIKTARVY, the BIKTARVY Logo, DAILY CHARGE, the DAILY CHARGE Logo, KEEP PUSHING, LOVE WHAT’S INSIDE, GILEAD, and the GILEAD Logo are trademarks of Gilead Sciences, Inc., or its related companies.

Version date: December 2018 © 2019 Gilead Sciences, Inc. All rights reserved. BVYC0102 01/19

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KEEP PUSHING.

Because HIV doesn’t change who you are.

BIKTARVY® is a complete, 1-pill, once-a-day prescription medicine used to treat HIV-1 in certain adults. BIKTARVY does not cure HIV-1 or AIDS.

Ask your healthcare provider if BIKTARVY is right for you.

To learn more, visit BIKTARVY.com.

Please see Important Facts about BIKTARVY, including important warnings, on the previous page and visit BIKTARVY.com.

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CONTENTS

this month on REALHEALTHMAG.COM

For the past three years, former NFL player DeAngelo Williams has sponsored 500 mammograms to help women with little to no insurance in four cities get this key health screening. Read why he continues this practice.

Health Basics A—Z Want to lose weight, exercise smart, eat right, find good health care, sleep better or just get healthy? For tips, click on “Health Basics A–Z” on the realhealthmag.com home page.

The Business of Health How one woman launched a collection of allnatural feminine health and hygiene products and how she gives back to her community. Check out her products at thehoneypot.co.

Teen Suicides Are Up A report reveals that more Black kids are taking their own lives as compared with youngsters of other population groups.

Digital Real Health Read Real Health magazine online exactly as it appears in print. Go to realhealthmag.com/ digital to view the current issue and the entire Smart + Strong digital library.

6

22

11

14 COVER STORY

3 editor’s letter

a reason to smile

What’s up with the weather?

A dentist was the first person to tell Randy Jackson to get a blood sugar test. Plus: Common signs and symptoms of diabetes

5 buzz Protecting kids from lead poisoning; HIV and other chronic illnesses; PrEP quiz; skin cancer is color blind; hepatitis A is on the rise; when your pet makes you sick

22 new frontiers in food Legal or not, consumers are primed, ready and waiting to taste more CBD cuisine. Plus: The Food and Drug Administration tackles CBD.

10 fitness Simple exercises to improve senior mobility; how to use foam rollers

11 nutrition

26 still dancing

Why the type of grain matters; gender and weight loss; golden milk

Former Rockette Jennifer Jones got a colonoscopy at age 50 and learned she had Stage III colon cancer. Plus: Current screening guidelines for colon cancer

12 sex Health benefits of circumcision; sharing caregiving responsibilities

30 thoughts 13 stuff we love A roundup of health products

What to do when someone doesn’t like you

REAL HEALTH Question of the Month What is potentially the most damaging misconception regarding skin cancer in people of color?

The myth that people of color needn’t be concerned about skin cancer is prevalent and has led to higher mortality for invasive melanoma in this demographic. I hope with public education, earlier detection becomes the norm, thereby improving survival rates.

— Arash Akhavan, MD

reach out & click!

At realhealthmag.com, you can read more articles; access exclusive, online-only special reports; and subscribe ($9.97 for four quarterly issues; or call 212.242.2163). Plus, sign up for the Real Health email newsletter to get the latest news on issues relating to Black health!

(COVER) COURTESY OF COLGATE-PALMOLIVE; (WILLIAMS) COURTESY OF THE DEANGELO WILLIAMS FOUNDATION; (TEEN, PILL BOTTLES, PASTA/BREAD AND CBD GUMMIES) ISTOCK (MODEL USED FOR ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES ONLY); (AKHAVAN) COURTESY OF ARASH AKHAVAN, MD

He Did It For His Mother

EDITOR’S LETTER

What’s Up With the Weather?

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

Kate Ferguson MANAGING EDITOR

Jennifer Morton DEPUTY EDITOR

Climate change is happening now.

Trent Straube SCIENCE EDITOR

W

hen I first heard about climate change and its predicted effects on Earth, like many people, I thought it was the stuff of science fiction. We’ll be long gone by the time that happens, I told myself. But now that a glacier has melted in Iceland, Isle de Jean Charles, an island in the Louisiana bayou, is sinking and several islands in the South Pacific are losing increasingly large amounts of surface area to rising seas and ferocious storms, I reversed my thinking. Drastic differences in weather patterns have already begun to alter Earth’s landscape.

Scientists sounded the alarm years ago. During the 1990s, the viewpoint that Earth’s climate system transforms gradually shifted to the idea that weather conditions are much more volatile and can mutate rapidly. Researchers warned that extremes in atmospheric patterns would lead to changes in average temperatures as well as the onset of droughts, floods and extreme heat that would result in poverty for hundreds of millions of people.

Liz Highleyman COPY CHIEF

Joe Mejía ASSISTANT EDITOR

Alicia Green ART DIRECTOR

Mark Robinson ART PRODUCTION MANAGER

Michael Halliday ADVISORY BOARD

Goulda Downer, PhD, RD, CNS; Lovell Harris, MD; Dorothy Horton, PsyD; Jeanette L. Pinnace, DPM; Lee SaintMartin, MS, IIPA, CN, ND; Yuan Wan; Terrie M. Williams FEEDBACK

Real Health, 212 West 35th Street, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10001, or email info@realhealthmag.com

SMART + STRONG PRESIDENT AND COO

Ian E. Anderson EDITORIAL DIRECTOR

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Joel Kaplan

Here’s to your health, JOAN LOBIS BROWN

Real Health (ISSN 2688-7258) Issue No. 60. Copyright © 2019 CDM Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted, in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Smart + Strong® and Real HealthTM are trademarks of CDM Publishing, LLC.

Evidence gathered from tree rings, ice cores, sediment and other sources confirms how widely, rapidly—sometimes after just one decade—and unexpectedly Earth’s climate can change.

Triggered by both natural occurrences and human activity, these conditions can take place so rapidly that people have difficulty adapting to the changing environment. Understandably, then, downplaying or ignoring climate change and making no effort to address the issue would set the stage for disaster.

Unfortunately, disaster seems imminent. In the Amazon—the world’s largest rainforest—industrial activities such as mining, logging and agricultural projects drive ongoing deforestation, which has already resulted in destructive fires that threaten millions of species of plant and animal life.

This will influence weather in the region and throughout the world in ways that researchers have yet to learn. The role of trees in climate change is complicated; experts contend that our leafy friends can both promote and protect against global warming. While scientists wrestle with these conundrums, however, temperatures worldwide continue to rise, as do the escalating numbers of natural disasters related to climate change.

Realistically, there are no quick and easy fixes. According to scientists, communities ought to prioritize learning how to adapt so that people can survive.

This means pumping more money into researching the causes, patterns and effects of climate change in order to develop better methods, models and tools to accurately predict and plan for its ongoing effects.

Kate Ferguson, Editor-in-Chief katef@realhealthmag.com

realhealthmag.com

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WI N TER 2 019 RE AL HE A LTH 3

NCI’S CANCER INFORMATION SERVICE CAN HELP.

1-800-4-CANCER

Get free, confidential, and compassionate services you and your family can count on. Contact the National Cancer Institute’s Cancer Information Service for information on cancer prevention and screening, the latest treatment options and clinical trials, and coping and supportive care.

(1-800-422-6237)

Help is standing by.

cancer.gov/contact

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BUZZ

Heavy Metal Matters

ISTOCK

A simple blood test can detect lead poisoning. But in many parts of the country, children aren’t being tested.

A TWO-YEAR INVESTIGATION CONDUCTED by the news agency Reuters has revealed that even in states required to perform universal lead testing, kids face an increased risk of lead poisoning.

These states require lead testing beyond mandatory targeted screening for kids who are eligible for or enrolled in Medicaid, foreign-born children and those identified by the Centers for Disease and Control Prevention (CDC) as being at high risk for exposure to the toxic heavy metal.

The inquiry followed the lead epidemic in Flint, Michigan, in 2015 and eventually identified nearly 4,000 communities in the United States where children showed elevated levels of lead in their blood exceeding those seen in kids in that city. Like the children in Flint, most of these youngsters lived in disadvantaged areas.

In 1979, Herbert Needleman, MD, a pediatrician and researcher, published landmark findings that showed that innercity Black children were exposed to lead levels five times higher than those found in mostly white suburban kids.

However, lead poisoning doesn’t dis-

criminate. “While poverty remains a potent predictor of lead poisoning, the victims span the American spectrum— poor and rich, rural and urban, Black and white,” notes the Reuters report.

Needleman’s initial investigation and his follow-up studies showed that the metal’s effects—even at the lowest acceptable levels of exposure at that time—harmed the cognitive development, psychological and academic performance, IQ and behavior of children in cities throughout the country.

Experts agree that lead exposure can trigger a downward spiral. “The lower your IQ, the more trouble learning, the more likely you are to drop out of school, to be delinquent, to be incarcerated,” says Morri E. Markowitz, MD, the director of the lead poisoning treatment and prevention program at the Children’s Hospital at Montefiore in New York City, who was interviewed for the study.

When drinking water contaminated with lead Toxic threatened primarily kids water is a menace in the inner-city and other in our residents in Newark, the cities. situation drew compari-

sons to the problem in Flint. There, too, the ongoing crisis defies quick fixes.

Like officials in Flint, Newark authorities were finally forced to acknowledge the public health issue. They shut off school water fountains and ordered and distributed bottled water for residents to drink. But levels of lead in the water have remained high.

To address the problem, experts added special chemicals to the water supply. The presence of these corrosion inhibitors eventually creates a protective lining that coats the pipes and stops lead from leaching into the city’s drinking water.

But other sources of lead abound in soil, dust and air as well as in consumer products such as spices, toys, jewelry and supplements—many of them imported from foreign countries.

This is why the CDC recommends screening to protect children from lead poisoning. Such interventions can help parents, doctors, public health officials and communities identify the problem and take action earlier to reduce youngsters’ future exposure to the poison.

—Kate Ferguson realhealthmag.com

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BUZZ

How PrEP Savvy Are You? Test your knowledge about HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Living with HIV includes being at risk for other chronic illnesses.

A RECENT LARGE-SCALE REVIEW THAT was published in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases found that people with HIV face a higher risk for various chronic illnesses—namely, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coughs; heart, liver and kidney disease; sepsis; bone fractures; and frailty. And while these conditions may be age-associated, people with HIV are developing some of them at higher rates and at an earlier age than their HIV-negative counterparts.

Findings show that when people start HIV treatment makes a huge difference.

The longer someone goes without taking antiretrovirals, the more damage the immune system sustains.

Another factor to consider is that even when HIV is well treated, the immune system remains in a constant state of activation, prompting chronic inflammation, which accelerates heart disease and stroke.

Additionally, non–AIDS-defining cancers, such as anal cancer, lung cancer,

Hodgkin lymphoma, liver cancer and oral cancers are on the rise among people with HIV. Since some of these are caused by viruses (human papillomavirus, or HPV, can cause anal and oral cancers; Epstein Barr can cause Hodgkin lymphoma; and hepatitis B and C can cause liver cancer), the impaired immune system of people with HIV may increase their susceptibility to developing such cancers. (Not to mention that cancer risk increases for everyone as they age.)

Finally, drinking and smoking, which are more common among people living with HIV, can up the risk for liver and lung cancer.

But some of these risks can be mitigated if folks start HIV treatment immediately after diagnosis, get an HPV vaccine if eligible, quit smoking, curb alcohol consumption and exercise to maintain a healthy weight for an overall better quality of life with HIV. — Joe Mejía

THE ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PEOPLE AT HIGH RISK FOR HIV WHO COULD BENEFIT FROM COMPREHENSIVE PREVENTION STRATEGIES, INCLUDING PrEP Source: Centers for Disease Control and Preventiont

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2. Who are the best candidates for PrEP? a. Everyone should consider PrEP. b. Everyone who doesn’t have HIV should consider PrEP. c. Those who are at risk of getting HIV should consider PrEP. 3. Once you start PrEP, when should you visit your provider again? a. After starting PrEP, you needn’t see your provider again for this med. b. After you start PrEP, visit your provider every three months for follow-up testing for HIV. c. Once you’re taking PrEP, you don’t have to see your provider unless you want to stop the medication.

4. Why should people continue to use condoms if they’re taking PrEP? a. Condoms plus PrEP offer the best protection against contracting HIV and other STIs. b. To avoid acquiring HIV and not get pregnant c. Both of the above (Answers: 1-a., 2-c., 3-b. and 4-c.)

—Kate Ferguson

P

P R

E P

E P BOTH IMAGES: ISTOCK

Domino Effects

1. What is the main reason doctors recommend that people take PrEP? a. To reduce the risk of getting HIV from sex or injection drug use b. To reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to another person c. To protect against HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

BUZZ

Outbreak Alert Hepatitis A is on the rise.

Skin Cancer Is Color Blind

Why you should check yourself from head to toe TWO PERSISTENT MYTHS ARE THAT YOU GET SKIN CANCER ONLY WHEN YOU’RE overexposed to sunlight and that the disease doesn’t occur in people with dark skin.

When reggae icon Bob Marley died of acral lentiginous melanoma—a deadly type of skin cancer—that had developed under the nail of a big toe, it made folks think.

Although this cancer is rare, it’s the most common form of melanoma that develops in people of color, including individuals of African ancestry, according to the Skin Cancer Foundation. This type of skin cancer appears on hairless areas of the body, such as the palms, soles of the feet and under toenails and fingernails.

But because other forms of skin cancer also occur among this demographic, dermatologists recommend that African Americans, Latinos and Asians—as well as white people—inspect every inch of their skin once each month for possible signs of cancer. This includes dark spots, growths or any changes in darker patches of skin; sores that won’t heal or that return; sores that appear in a scar or on previously injured skin; patches of rough, dry skin; and dark lines under a fingernail or toenail.

In addition, doctors advise folks to examine the top and back of the head, bottom of the feet, lower legs, groin and buttocks.

—Kate Ferguson

Since late 2016, more than 27,000 cases of hepatitis A—a contagious liver infection— have been reported, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Although it is usually spread via contaminated food or water, health officials believe the opioid epidemic may contribute to the uptick of the illness, possibly through the sharing of contaminated needles.

But it’s not only injection drug users who are at risk of acquiring the virus; anyone who uses illegal substances or hasn’t been vaccinated can get hepatitis A. People experiencing homelessness, those just released from prison, men who have sex with men and travelers to certain countries are also at higher risk. Symptoms of the illness include nausea, stomach pain, fatigue, fever and jaundice (yellow skin or eyes).

Individuals who get hepatitis A may feel sick for a few weeks to several months, and some may require hospitalization, especially if they have other health issues or are older, says the CDC. As a precaution, the agency encourages individuals to assess their risk of infection and to get vaccinated if they’re vulnerable.

For more information, visit cdc.gov and search for hepatitis outbreaks.

—KF

ALL IMAGES: ISTOCK (MODEL USED FOR ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES ONLY)

THE ESTIMATED PERCENTAGE OF U.S. HOMES THAT TEST POSITIVE FOR PET ALLERGENS EVEN IN THE ABSENCE OF AN ANIMAL Source: Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America

Fur, Fluff and Feathers What to do when furry friends make you sick Classic symptoms of a pet allergy include wheezing, itching, and red, teary eyes. These allergic reactions are caused by a sensitivity to proteins called allergens that are found in an animal’s dander, urine or saliva.

What’s more, just saying goodbye to a pet won’t solve the problem, experts say. Allergens remain in the home and can cause problems long after Fido or Fluffy is gone. Even so-called hypoallergenic pets may trigger allergies.

The solution? Keep animals out of the home or leave

them outside (if you have a backyard). If you have a live-in pet, several strategies can help reduce your exposure to the offending allergens.

Don’t allow pets in your bedroom, especially not on your bed; clean all surfaces and keep your floors bare (forget carpeting); wash your hands and change your clothing after prolonged interactions with animals; use air filters to remove allergens from your environment; and have someone who isn’t allergic groom your dog or your cat (and its litter box) outside.

—KF

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FITNESS

Well Balanced Simple exercises can help seniors stay mobile.

Stand tall with your feet hip-width apart for all movements. Hold on to a wall or sturdy piece of furniture for balance.

Foot taps. Slowly raise one foot to tap a step—preferably the bottom step of a staircase—in front of you. Return your foot to the floor. Do 15 to 20 taps, then repeat the move on the other foot.

Head rotations. Tilt your head slowly from side to side and then up and down for 30 seconds and repeat.

Recover muscle elasticity with this self-massage tool.

IF YOU WANT TO RELIEVE MUSCLE TENSION OR PREVENT INJURIES, A CYLINDER made of compressed foam or plastic (also known as a roller) may just be your best bet, according to fitness experts.

To work on your lower back, place the roller on the floor and position the problem area on it. Bend your arms and legs and press your elbows and feet into the ground while lifting your butt off the floor. Then move your body forward and backward so the roller moves along your back.

For a foot massage after a long day, stand and rest the arch of one foot on the roller. Apply gentle pressure by leaning forward. Next, push down and slowly roll your foot back and forth on the roller’s surface.

The roller can also give your triceps a good workout. Lie on the side of the arm you’ll be working first. Place the roller under your armpit, and raise your arm overhead. Move your body so the roller moves back and forth along the underside of your arm. Pause at any tender spots before rolling back and repeating.

—Alicia Green

THE ESTIMATED NUMBER OF OLDER ADULTS WHO FALL EACH YEAR Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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Sit-to-stands. Place a sturdy chair behind you and then sink into a sitting position until the back of your thighs just touches the chair’s edge. Stand and repeat.

Single-leg stands. Lift your foot about one inch off the floor and hold for 15 seconds. Repeat with the other leg. If you’ve already had a fall, consult your doctor before beginning this workout.

—AG

BOTH IMAGES: ISTOCK

Why Use a Foam Roller?

Standing marches. Lift one leg so your thigh is parallel to the floor.

Resume your starting stance. Repeat with the other leg. Complete 10 marches on each leg.

NUTRITION

Biggest Losers Gender and weight loss

Gut Reactions Whole grains are considered healthy, but some caveats apply.

FIRST, A DISTINCTION MUST BE MADE between whole grains and their refined counterparts. Whole grains, such as oats and whole wheat, offer loads of nutrients and a lowered risk of disease. But highly processed grains are stripped of fiber and nutrients.

Although these refined grains may be easier to digest, they spike blood sugar levels, which can cause food cravings that lead to overeating, weight gain and obesity.

Nevertheless, gluten in grains, such as wheat, rye, spelt, barley and oats (under specific circumstances), is unhealthy for people who can’t toler-

ate this protein, including those with celiac disease, a serious autoimmune disorder. In addition, the substance causes gastrointestinal distress in individuals with gluten sensitivity.

Folks who must restrict carbohydrates in their diet—for example, people living with diabetes—also need to be selective about the amount and kinds of grains they eat, as some foods are better for them than others.

Experts advise people to use a commonsense approach: Monitor your response to eating grains because how healthy these foods are depends on their effect on you. —Kate Ferguson

Recent findings published in the journal Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism confirm that men who lose weight fare better than women.

Researchers studied more than 2,000 overweight men and women with prediabetes from Europe, Australia and New Zealand who followed an 800-calorie diet for eight weeks. Results showed that males not only lost more total pounds than females, the men also enjoyed better health outcomes: decreased heart rates, less body fat and a lowered risk of metabolic syndrome (a group of symptoms that raise the risk for diabetes and heart disease). Women also lost more HDL, or good cholesterol, and bone mineral density than their male counterparts.

What’s more, although women pared off more inches from their hips compared with men, this worked against them.

Scientists note that when men drop pounds, they lose visceral fat around their midsection, which boosts metabolism, meaning they burn more calories. In comparison, women lose mostly subcutaneous fat around their thighs, rear and hips, which doesn’t trigger the same result. —KF

THE PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES WHO BELIEVE DIET CAUSES OBESITY Source: Statista

Golden Milk

ALL IMAGES: ISTOCK

Turmeric is the source of this drink’s deep yellow hue and rich, exotic flavor.

Every so often a new something for health comes along that grabs your attention. One of the latest is a pretty beverage that conjures up visions of a warm toddy sipped in front of a cozy fireplace on a cold winter’s night.

Here’s the recipe: Combine one teaspoon of grated or powdered turmeric and ginger, one half of a teaspoon of ground cinnamon, honey to taste and a dash of black pepper (optional) and mix into a pot with one cup of milk or a nondairy

substitute, like almond or coconut milk. Gently simmer for 10 minutes, stir and pour.

This hot libation is called golden milk, and it may or may not promote heart health, reduce inflammation, aid digestion, lower blood sugar levels or keep any of the other wonderful promises that have been made on its behalf. Who knows, the fragrant concoction also may or may not improve your mental health and well-being.

Regardless, it sure is tasty.

—KF realhealthmag.com

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SEX

The benefits of this procedure far outweigh the risks.

FOR PARENTS OF A NEWBORN BOY, a key decision to make prior to taking the infant home is whether to have him circumcised. (Circumcision entails surgery to remove the foreskin from the penis.) Some parents decide

not to have the common medical procedure done—often for ethical, religious or social reasons. But a number of health benefits are associated with the operation.

A major advantage of circumcision is a decreased risk of penile problems, such as irritation, inflammation and infection, which may affect uncircumcised males later in life. Another plus is that circumcised infants are less likely to develop urinary tract infections, especially during their first year of life.

In addition, some findings show that under certain circumstances, circumcision may protect men and women from contracting or transmitting HIV. But as with any surgery, the procedure carries some risks. Parents should watch for problems that may arise after the procedure, such as persistent bleeding and increasing redness or swelling, or signs of infection, such as discharge that worsens or pus-filled blisters. Additionally, if an infant isn’t urinating normally within 12 hours after being circumcised, he should be taken back to the hospital.

Moms and dads who worry whether the procedure will hurt their son shouldn’t be overly anxious. Doctors routinely use anesthesia—either a topical cream is applied or an injectable anesthetic is administered—so the operation isn’t too painful for the child.

Experts suggest that anxious parents ask doctors—in advance of the procedure—which methods they plan to use for pain prevention both before and after the surgical procedure.

—Kate Ferguson

THE PERCENTAGE OF MALE ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES WHO ARE CIRCUMCISED Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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Ask Doctor Dee Dorothy Horton, PsyD, answers your questions.

How can women get the men in their families to help with caring for elderly parents?

When aging parents become ill or unable to care for themselves, women usually become caregivers or find themselves assigned to this role. But all siblings—regardless of gender— should share these responsibilities so one person isn’t unfairly burdened.

If men aren’t doing their fair share, write down what you do each day to care for your elderly parent. Propose specific tasks they can tackle. If no one takes on some of the work, request financial support so other arrangements can be made—for example, hiring a professional caregiver may make sense in certain instances.

Caretaking issues concerning parents should be addressed in a comfortable location when everyone is well rested and relaxed. A good way to start the conversation is to discuss your parent’s health problems and the care and treatment doctors recommend.

Women should have their parent’s medical information on hand so their brothers can read the assessment for themselves. If male relatives live far away, females should consider connecting with them via video chat in order to help them remain in contact with their parent.

Daughters, sisters and aunts must remember that it’s only fair to ask sons, brothers and uncles to lend a hand with ailing parents.

After all, mothers and fathers provided love and care for children when they were young and unable to fend for themselves.

(BABY ILLUSTRATION) ISTOCK; (HORTON) COURTESY OF DOROTHY HORTON, PSYD

About Circumcision

STUFF WE LOVE

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2 Perk Box, Gourmet Variety Sampler (24 single-serve cups, $19.99; or subscribe for monthly delivery) This assortment is for java lovers who enjoy seasonal flavors like Spiced Chai or Apple Crumb Cake. The selections include gourmet coffees, lattes and cappuccinos. Compatible with all Keurig K-cup machines. smartsipscoffee.com

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A ROUNDUP OF THE LATEST MUST-HAVE FINDS FOR HAIR, SKIN, HEALTH, BEAUTY AND MORE. THESE PRODUCTS ARE WORTH EVERY CENT.

Gobi Heat Apparel ($119 to $259) This line of heated men’s and women’s clothing is designed with conductive thread elements that source warmth from a rechargeable grab-and-go battery pack (a charge lasts 10 hours). Press a button to turn up the heat in jackets, gloves, pants and other gear. Settings include low, medium and high. gobiheat.com

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Stocking Stuffers

Hurt Skurt (from $24.98 to $49.98) Treat sore muscles and joints with long-lasting hot or cold therapy by applying these colorful, stretchable fabric-covered gel packs directly on painful areas. hurtskurt.com

1. Chum Fruit Bites contain 100% fruit and no artificial ingredients, added sugars or color. Available in apple, strawberry, peach, berry and mango. 12-pack, $19.99, chumbites.com 2. Patch Bamboo Bandages are made of 100% organic bamboo fiber and are easy to remove, totally compostable and infused with elements such as coconut oil, aloe vera and activated charcoal, which are noted for their healing power.

25-count pack, $7.99, patchstrips.com 3. Dermaquest Beauty Enhance Kit contains four products to prep your face for makeup application, or simply to cleanse and hydrate the skin: Universal Cleansing Oil, 2 fl. oz.; Algae Polishing Scrub, 1 fl.oz.; Essential B5 Hydrating Serum, 0.5 fl. oz.; and Perfecting Primer, 0.5 fl. oz. $75, dermaquestinc.com 4. Wrawp Cinnamon Coconut Chips and Wrawp Pumpkin Spice Coconut Wraps are great to eat alone or add to sweet or savory dishes. They’re also perfect for keto, vegan, paleo, gluten-free or raw food diets and make for tasty and nutritious snacking. 2 oz. bag of chips, $5.40; single-pack, 5 wraps, $8.99. wrawp.com

Pluggerz (various sizes, $14.99) Protect your ears with these washable, reusable earplugs that were designed to handle all kinds of noises. Made from extra-soft hypoallergenic silicone. pluggerz.com/en/ realhealthmag.com

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Randy Jackson is well known as a music producer, bassist and, most recently, an advocate for diabetes education and awareness.

A REASON TO SMILE A DENTIST WAS THE FIRST PERSON TO TELL RANDY JACKSON TO GET A BLOOD SUGAR TEST.

COURTESY OF ZYLOWARE

By Jeanette L. Pinnace

realhealthmag.com

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WI N TER 2 019 RE AL H EA LT H 1 5

YOU MATTER AND SO DOES YOUR HEALTH

That’s why starting and staying on HIV-1 treatment is so important.

WHAT IS DESCOVY®?

DESCOVY is a prescription medicine that is used together with other HIV-1 medicines to treat HIV-1 in people who weigh at least 77 lbs (35kg). DESCOVY is not for use to help reduce the risk of getting HIV-1 infection. DESCOVY combines 2 medicines into 1 pill taken once a day. Because DESCOVY by itself is not a complete treatment for HIV-1, it must be used together with other HIV-1 medicines.

DESCOVY does not cure HIV-1 infection or AIDS. To control HIV-1 infection and decrease HIV-related illnesses, you must keep taking DESCOVY. Ask your healthcare provider if you have questions about how to reduce the risk of passing HIV-1 to others. Always practice safer sex and use condoms to lower the chance of sexual contact with body fluids. Never reuse or share needles or other items that have body fluids on them.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

What is the most important information I should know about DESCOVY? DESCOVY may cause serious side effects: • Worsening of hepatitis B (HBV) infection. DESCOVY is not approved to treat HBV. If you have both HIV-1 and HBV and stop taking DESCOVY, your HBV may suddenly get worse. Do not stop taking DESCOVY without first talking to your healthcare provider, as they will need to monitor your health.

What are the other possible side effects of DESCOVY? Serious side effects of DESCOVY may also include: • Changes in your immune system. Your immune system may get stronger and begin to fight infections.

Tell your healthcare provider if you have any new symptoms after you start taking DESCOVY. • Kidney problems, including kidney failure. Your healthcare provider should do blood and urine tests to check your kidneys. Your healthcare provider may tell you to stop taking DESCOVY if you develop new or worse kidney problems.

• Too much lactic acid in your blood (lactic acidosis), which is a serious but rare medical emergency that

can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get these symptoms: weakness or being more tired than usual, unusual muscle pain, being short of breath or fast breathing, stomach pain with nausea and vomiting, cold or blue hands and feet, feel dizzy or lightheaded, or a fast or abnormal heartbeat.

• Severe liver problems, which in rare cases can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get these symptoms: skin or the white part of your eyes turns yellow, dark “tea-colored” urine, light-colored stools, loss of appetite for several days or longer, nausea, or stomach-area pain.

The most common side effect of DESCOVY is nausea.

Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effects that bother you or don’t go away.

What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking DESCOVY? • All your health problems. Be sure to tell your healthcare provider if you have or have had any kidney or liver problems, including hepatitis virus infection.

• All the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Other medicines may affect how DESCOVY works. Keep a list of all your medicines and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist.

Ask your healthcare provider if it is safe to take DESCOVY with all of your other medicines.

• If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.

It is not known if DESCOVY can harm your unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider if you become pregnant while taking DESCOVY. • If you are breastfeeding (nursing) or plan to breastfeed. Do not breastfeed. HIV-1 can be passed to the baby in breast milk.

You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch, or call 1-800-FDA-1088.

Please see Important Facts about DESCOVY, including important warnings, on the following page.

Ask your healthcare provider if an HIV-1 treatment that contains DESCOVY® is right for you.

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IMPORTANT FACTS This is only a brief summary of important information about DESCOVY and does not replace talking to your healthcare provider about your condition and your treatment. ®

(des-KOH-vee) MOST IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT DESCOVY

POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF DESCOVY

DESCOVY may cause serious side effects, including: • Worsening of hepatitis B (HBV) infection. DESCOVY is not approved to treat HBV. If you have both HIV-1 and HBV, your HBV may suddenly get worse if you stop taking DESCOVY. Do not stop taking DESCOVY without first talking to your healthcare provider, as they will need to check your health regularly for several months.

DESCOVY can cause serious side effects, including: • Those in the “Most Important Information About DESCOVY” section.

• Changes in your immune system.

• New or worse kidney problems, including kidney failure.

• Too much lactic acid in your blood (lactic acidosis), which is a serious but rare medical emergency that can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get these symptoms: weakness or being more tired than usual, unusual muscle pain, being short of breath or fast breathing, stomach pain with nausea and vomiting, cold or blue hands and feet, feel dizzy or lightheaded, or a fast or abnormal heartbeat.

• Severe liver problems, which in rare cases can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get these symptoms: skin or the white part of your eyes turns yellow, dark “tea-colored” urine, light-colored stools, loss of appetite for several days or longer, nausea, or stomach-area pain.

The most common side effect of DESCOVY is nausea.

These are not all the possible side effects of DESCOVY. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have any new symptoms while taking DESCOVY. Your healthcare provider will need to do tests to monitor your health before and during treatment with DESCOVY.

ABOUT DESCOVY • DESCOVY is a prescription medicine that is used together with other HIV-1 medicines to treat HIV-1 in people who weigh at least 77 lbs (35kg). DESCOVY is not for use to help reduce the risk of getting HIV-1 infection.

• DESCOVY does not cure HIV-1 or AIDS. Ask your healthcare provider about how to prevent passing HIV-1 to others.

BEFORE TAKING DESCOVY Tell your healthcare provider if you: • Have or had any kidney or liver problems, including hepatitis infection.

• Have any other medical condition.

• Are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.

• Are breastfeeding (nursing) or plan to breastfeed.

Do not breastfeed if you have HIV-1 because of the risk of passing HIV-1 to your baby.

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take: • Keep a list that includes all prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements, and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist.

• Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist about medicines that should not be taken with DESCOVY.

GET MORE INFORMATION • This is only a brief summary of important information about DESCOVY. Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist to learn more.

• Go to DESCOVY.com or call 1-800-GILEAD-5 • If you need help paying for your medicine, visit DESCOVY.com for program information.

HOW TO TAKE DESCOVY • DESCOVY is a one pill, once a day HIV-1 medicine that is taken with other HIV-1 medicines.

• Take DESCOVY with or without food.

DESCOVY, the DESCOVY Logo, LOVE WHAT’S INSIDE, GILEAD, and the GILEAD Logo are trademarks of Gilead Sciences, Inc., or its related companies. All other marks referenced herein are the property of their respective owners. Version date: September 2017 © 2017 Gilead Sciences, Inc. All rights reserved. DVYC0085 11/17

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ALTHOUGH THE INCIDENT OCCURRED

years ago, former American Idol judge Randy Jackson, now age 63, clearly remembers how it felt to be fatigued, thirsty, sweaty and dizzy for five days straight. His doctor had ordered him to go to the ER so he could meet him there. Results from a battery of tests— including one that checked his glucose level—confirmed that Jackson, then 45 years old, had type 2 diabetes.

“I was carrying about 350 pounds on my 5-foot-11 frame,” he says, a recollection he shares in his 2008 book, Body with Soul: Slash Sugar, Cut Cholesterol, and Get a Jump on Your Best Health Ever, which details his diagnosis with the blood sugar disorder.

But there had been prior warning signs. Jackson had visited his dentist about a month earlier for a routine checkup. “He was looking at my gums and stuff and said, ‘I don’t like what I’m seeing here. When is the

This severe gum infection can destroy the bone that supports the teeth, leading to loosened and lost teeth. It’s believed that the link between diabetes and these conditions stems from the fact that individuals with diabetes are more likely to develop bacterial infections.

Uncontrolled diabetes may trigger these oral health issues because the disease weakens the body’s immune system, making it less able to fight bacterial gum infections. According to the American Diabetes Association, gum disease may be a factor in causing blood glucose to rise and may make diabetes harder to control.

Jackson admits that when he received

the diagnosis, he didn’t know about any of these associations. Now, Jackson is an advocate. He joined a campaign launched by the makers of Colgate Total toothpaste to help spread awareness about the overlap between diabetes

and oral health. “I don’t think people know about this at all. I don’t think they really understand the connection,” he says. “People with diabetes are two times more likely to develop gum disease. I don’t think people really realize that, and the first notice they get can come in their dentist’s office, like it happened for me. I had a cavity that turned out to be more of a gum disease issue, and my dentist asked when I’d last been to my doctor.”

“A person with diabetes and gum disease is more likely to have a difficult time controlling their diabetes,” explains Sean P. Cooney, DMD, a licensed general dentist in Fenton, Missouri, who posts one-minute videos on YouTube to educate the public about diabetes and gum disease, among other oral care issues. “In addition, a person with diabetes will suffer greater effects from gum disease than a person with gum disease and no diabetes.”

(AMERICAN IDOL) GETTY IMAGES/RAY MICKSHAW; (JACKSON) GETTY IMAGES/CLAYTON CALL

Left: Randy Jackson with Simon Cowell and Paula Abdul. Right: Jackson jams with Journey in 1987.

last time you went to the doctor?’”

Jackson recalls.

Jackson says the dentist told him he might have high blood sugar and urged him to get checked out. “But I still didn’t go right away,” he admits.

“It took me three or four weeks to go to the doctor.”

Many people are unaware of how diabetes

may affect oral health. Studies have found that people with diabetes are more prone to developing gum disease as well as other oral health problems, including bleeding, gingivitis (inflammation caused by bacteria accumulating on the teeth) and periodontitis.

JACKSON’S WORK AS AN ADVOCATE FOCUSES ON OBESITY, A SERIOUS RISK FACTOR FOR DIABETES.

Besides facing more frequent and severe complications from gum disease, individuals whose diabetes isn’t well managed experience a variety of oral problems, including poor healing of tissues in the mouth after surgery or other dental procedures. They are also more likely to develop thrush, a fungal infection of the mouth and tongue, which may cause a burning sensation in those areas.

After his unexpected visit to the ER, Jackson, who grew up in Louisiana, completely modified his lifestyle and eating habits. “I don’t eat like I live in the South anymore,” says the media personality known for his good realhealthmag.com

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nature and direct manner of speaking. “Then I went to a behavioral psychologist who helped me change my outlook and the way I thought about things.”

Jackson says he didn’t like to exercise

and hated gyms. “I played sports all my life and did it for so long because I had to do it,” he says. “When I was freed from that after college, I felt like, OK, time to stop running eight miles a day and doing all that.”

But diabetes scared Jackson, who has a family history of the illness— both his parents suffered from the condition. “You think it’s never going to happen to you,” he says.

After it did, Jackson changed his diet and became much more physically active. “It’s all a balancing act with diabetes when you exercise and work out,” he continues. “You have to find a regimen that’s right for you because your blood sugar can drop very low, so you have to be careful.”

In 2002, almost one year after his diagnosis, the Grammy-winning producer joined Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell as a judge on American Idol, which became a ratings booster for Fox. The TV show made Jackson famous.

In 2003, he underwent gastric bypass surgery and dropped almost 100 pounds, which helped him to manage his diabetes.

According to an interview with Good Morning America, Jackson even has a treadmill in his bedroom to make exercising convenient. He also takes to the yoga mat for stretches as part of his morning routine.

Today, the music icon continues to manage his diabetes and regularly promotes awareness and education about the condition during interviews and at events he attends.

“We’ve got to get the word out,” he says. “You can never have too much information.”

While on his journey back to health, Jackson’s personal style caught the attention of the folks in the fashion and accessories industries. Once the pounds began to melt away, Jackson sported an increasingly eclectic assortment of 2 0 RE A L H EALT H W INT E R 2019

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outfits and accessories that came to define his singular sense of style, which didn’t go unnoticed.

In 2007, the eyewear company Zyloware asked Jackson to create a line of trendy eyeglass frames and so Randy Jackson Eyewear was born.

In addition, he launched a clothing line. “I’ve got a pretty healthy menswear business,” Jackson says.

Jackson left Idol in 2013 after 12 years on the program. But the showbiz veteran continues to work, mostly behind the scenes, producing television shows, and he’s involved in multiple music projects and entrepreneurial ventures. Currently, he is part owner of Starwest Studios, a music and video production complex located in Burbank, California.

Jackson, who spent years living with obesity, also supports public health efforts to control this condition, one of the most serious risk factors for type 2 diabetes, as well as many other illnesses. He also authored a follow-up book to his first.

This one, titled Body with Soul: Shed Pounds, End Diabetes, and Transform Your Life, published in 2009, continued his mission to spread the word about diabetes. In another, What’s Up, Dawg? How to Become a Superstar in the Music Business, Jackson shared his secrets to success. (The book’s title includes a well-known catchphrase of Jackson’s.)

But of all his many accomplishments,

Jackson is most proud of participating in health campaigns to educate the public about diabetes and its complications. He teamed up with the pharmaceutical company Merck to inform people with type 2 diabetes about resources available to them from the drug manufacturer and how to commit to a diabetes-friendly lifestyle.

The American Heart Association also tapped Jackson to be a spokesperson for its “Heart of Diabetes” campaign. The initiative encouraged people to get tested for the disease and helped them learn how to adopt a healthier lifestyle to better manage their diabetes. ■

realhealthmag.com

DIABETES ALERT Common signs and symptoms Currently, 30.3 million people have diabetes, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Of that number, 23.1 million have been diagnosed and 7.2 million don’t know they have the disease.

The causes of diabetes vary and the illness can trigger additional health issues. The blood sugar disorder affects many of the body’s organs, with symptoms determined by the amount of glucose in the blood.

Indications that blood sugar is high may include the following problems: increased thirst, fequent urination, extreme hunger, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, irritability, blurred vision, slow-healing sores and frequent infections of the gums, skin or vagina.

Some organs affected by diabetes include the kidneys, heart, nervous system, eyes, skin and mouth. The disorder can result in long-term complications that lead to damage to these major organs.

For example, diabetes can eventually cause a heart attack or stroke or stop the kidneys from functioning properly when small blood vessels that make up this waste removal system are impaired.

In addition, diabetes can injure blood vessels in the eyes, which may eventually lead to blindness.

The disorder also damages the walls of tiny blood vessels—called capillaries—that transport blood to the nerves for nourishment.

When this happens, the nerve damage that results is called neuropathy, which can cause sensations of tingling, numbness and pain.

In some cases, tissue damage can lead to amputation of the feet.

If untreated, diabetes can cause bleeding gums, dry mouth—from diminished saliva production—and an elevated susceptibility to infections inside the mouth.

—JLP

IF YOU’VE HEARD VAPING IS SAFE, YOU’VE HEARD WRONG. Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, are the most commonly used tobacco products among kids—and it’s becoming an epidemic.

ALMOST 40% OF KIDS HAVE VAPED AT LEAST ONCE.

Talk to your kids about e-cigarettes while they’re still willing to listen.

Learn how to have The Vape Talk by downloading the American Lung Association’s Conversation Guide at TheVapeTalk.org

THEVAPETALK.ORG

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1.800.LUNGUSA

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realhealthmag.com

NEW FRONTIERS IN FOOD LEGAL OR NOT, CONSUMERS ARE PRIMED, READY AND WAITING TO TASTE MORE CBD TREATS.

By Gerrie E. Summers

realhealthmag.com

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IS IT ILLEGAL TO BUY OR SELL FOODS THAT CONTAIN CBD? THE SHORT ANSWER IS YES, SAYS THE FDA. neurotransmitters in the body that helps maintain health.

But cannabis also contains tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), another cannabinoid that, unlike CBD, is psychoactive and gives users a buzz. When THC is found in cannabis at levels of 0.3% or less, the plant is classified as hemp. But if the amount of THC in cannabis ex2 4 RE A L H EALT H W INT E R 2019

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vorite ways for folks to get a taste.

There are even CBD treats for pets.

“It is indeed popular to add [CBD] to foods, and manufacturers are using secretive methods of incorporating CBD into products,” says registered dietitian Heidi Moretti, who publishes the website The Healthy RD. “The challenge, when adding CBD oil to water

realhealthmag.com

or beverages, is that it does not emulsify, so stability is questionable. At this point, it is impossible to know if adding CBD oil to beverages and foods will retain its benefits. We also don’t know the shelf stability of CBD oil when added to commercial foods.”

Moretti believes that when CBD is added to food, consumers find this method of delivery more appealing and perceive it to be less harmful than taking a dose of cannabidiol in supplement form. “My opinion is that it’s safe,” she says.

But do consumers really derive any benefits from CBD-infused beverages?

“This is very dependent on the specific products being used,” says Brooke Alpert, a registered dietitian, licensed cannabis practitioner and founder of DailyHabitCBD.com. “The benefits all depend on the quality of the CBD, the amount per serving and whether the CBD is actually CBD rather than hempseed oil, for example.

“The benefits of CBD can still be fully active when found in foods or beverages,” Alpert continues. “The one factor that can alter the compound is heating. So if the food is a baked good, it’s possible some of the benefits will have been lost while cooking. A lot of premade foods and beverages use inferior CBD products, so finding options that use good-quality CBD is the most challenging goal.”

Some experts think it’s possible that small amounts of CBD in drinks, such as coffee and smoothies, can build up in the bloodstream to help relieve conditions such as insomnia and inflammation. “This is potentially true,” Moretti says. “The half-life of CBD in the blood is 31 hours. This means that CBD could remain in the blood for greater than a day. If people had a smoothie containing CBD every day, a person could maintain a blood level that might be therapeutic.”

But until CBD in foods and other consumer products is regulated by the government, individuals won’t really be sure of the quantity or quality of CBD they’re consuming.

“I think that the push to add it to foods is more of a money grab than necessarily to help people, because CBD is readily available anyway,”

PREVIOUS PAGES: ISTOCK

Gummies, smoothies, lattes, pizzas and hot sauce are among the many foods and beverages infused with cannabidiol (CBD) that consumers can find at cafés, restaurants and grocery stores across the country. Driving the popularity of such foods are the numerous health benefits credited to this compound derived from the Cannabis sativa plant.

CBD is just one of many cannabinoids—reports claim from 66 to 113 are known—found in cannabis. The compound is said to be beneficial in the treatment of a host of health conditions ranging from chronic pain to epilepsy.

Cannabinoids, natural phytochemicals found in the cannabis plant, can exert a positive effect on mood, pain and anxiety.

These botanicals work by interacting with the endocannabinoid system, a network of cannabinoid receptors and

ceeds 0.3%, then the plant is categorized as marijuana, a Schedule I substance—the most restrictive class of drugs under the Drug Enforcement Administration’s Controlled Substance Act—which means it’s illegal to buy, sell or transport it between states.

Herein lies the confusion. Because CBD is also derived from marijuana and considered a drug, the compound is subject to regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and individual states.

Furthermore, the FDA prohibits CBD, or any drug, from being used as an ingredient in foods and drinks.

What’s more, the agency has neither approved CBD as a food additive nor allowed manufacturers of products containing it to make health claims.

However, none of this has stopped businesses hungry for a share of this lucrative market—estimated to reach $20 billion in sales by 2024—from including CBD in many different kinds of foods and promoting the cannabinoid as a panacea for a lengthening list of health issues.

Clearly, these advertising strategies work. According to a Consumer Reports survey, an estimated 64 million Americans have tried CBD, and edibles, infused foods and drinks are some fa-

Moretti observes. “I don’t think it is useless per se, just that the benefits would be equal in supplement form and in food form. Its solubility is unknown, however, so if people want to actually get the CBD into their bodies, I think the supplement route would actually be a surer bet.”

What should you keep in mind before adding CBD to your food? First and foremost, check with your doctor before using CBD to ensure that the compound won’t interfere with prescription medications you’re taking.

Also, note that the right dosage will depend on your weight and other factors, so do your research and discuss all variables with your physician.

CBD is available in three forms: Full Spectrum. This form of CBD contains all the phytochemicals found in the cannabis plant, including CBD; trace amounts of other cannabinoids, including THC; terpenes; and essential oils. Users reap the benefits of the entire plant in what is called the “entourage effect.” Each compound amplifies the therapeutic properties of the others and helps to alleviate potential side effects. (Expect to pay a higher price for this form of CBD.) Note: Consuming high levels of this CBD oil could result in a failed drug test.

Broad Spectrum. This form of CBD

includes all the compounds in the plant except THC and also produces the entourage effect.

CBD Isolate. This form of CBD con-

tains no other cannabinoids and offers users no entourage effect.

Alpert advises consumers to buy full-spectrum, organically grown CBD to tap into all the other cannabinoids, terpenes and antioxidants present in cannabis.

“And my last criterion is to buy only from a company that is transparent,” she says. “The more the company is willing to share, the better. But at minimum, you need to be able to find a certificate of analysis online or request third-party testing to ensure you’re getting what you’re paying for!”

CBD is often described as having a grassy, earthy flavor, which some may find unappealing. In addition, it can also taste bitter.

One fix is to buy a product in a lower concentration (which will have no taste) or mix CBD with a carrier oil, such as coconut, hempseed, olive or MCT oil, which helps to disguise the taste. Adding CBD oil to food makes the cannabinoid more palatable. But this can also affect its rate of absorption and possibly lessen its effects.

Some say that full-spectrum CBD oil or 99% pure CBD isolate powder work best for cooking. “In smoothies, you can use any good-quality CBD in a tincture or powder form,” says Alpert.

“I’ve found that powders are the most user-friendly format, and it’s incredibly

easy to halve or double the serving.”

How much should you use? “Most containers of quality CBD will give you a suggested serving size,” says Alpert. But 10 milligrams is the “sweet spot” dose that offers the most benefits, she notes, citing her practice and research.

“Now, if you’re dealing with more serious health conditions, then, obviously, the serving sizes will need to be higher, based on the condition.”

But skip the brownies, cakes and alcoholic drinks with CBD, she advises.

“If you’re after anti-inflammatory benefits, consuming a high-sugar food or drink with CBD won’t be the answer,” Alpert says. “The vehicle that delivers the CBD needs to offer health benefits as well.” ■

FOOD FIGHT The FDA tackles CBD.

The Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, better known as the farm bill, has caused problems for regulators, including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as well as confusion among hemp farmers, manufacturers, businesses and consumers, with many believing the legislation legalized all cannabidiol (CBD) sourced from hemp nationally.

But the FDA policy states that although there are products on the market that add CBD to food or label CBD as a dietary supplement, “under federal law, it is currently illegal to market CBD this way.”

This prompted a crackdown in several states, even those that previously legalized recreational marijuana. Some are taking a wait-and-see approach while others are stopping sales of CBD and threatening to issue fines to businesses that aren’t in compliance.

In New York City, restaurants and other establishments were warned about selling food and beverages that contain CBD, and such items were embargoed.

Later, the New York City Health Department sent letters warning that, effective October 1, violators would face fines and lowered health grades.

According to Scott Gottlieb, MD, the former commissioner of the FDA, the only way such businesses could offer consumers these comestibles is if the agency first issues a regulation, through notice-and-comment rulemaking, allowing them to use CBD in this way. That hasn’t happened yet.

Many companies in the food industry won’t sell products containing CBD until FDA regulations are resolved. Until then, many businesses are in limbo, and upstarts will find it hard to get financing and insurance enabling them to reap their share of profits from sales of cannabidiol, which are estimated to reach $20 billion in sales in the United States by 2024.

At press time, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell was pushing the FDA to issue temporary guidelines on how strictly the agency would enforce rules on the sale of CBD products. But, in addition to that, the FDA must also determine how to regulate these in-demand commodities in the long term.

—GES

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STILL DANCING FORMER ROCKETTE JENNIFER JONES FOLLOWED HEALTH GUIDELINES AND GOT A COLONOSCOPY AT AGE 50. THEN SHE LEARNED SHE HAD STAGE III COLON CANCER.

IN 2017, AT AGE 50, JENNIFER JONES

reported to the hospital for her first colonoscopy. The grogginess from the anesthesia used to put her under for the procedure was just starting to wear off when her gastroenterologist told her that she had colorectal cancer. The diagnosis stunned the leggy retired Radio City Rockette—the first Black woman to become a member of America’s most iconic dance troupe.

“When I initially made the appointment with her, I remember saying that I think something is wrong,” Jones says. “But my doctor didn’t seem concerned, so I wasn’t overanxious about

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taking the test.”

Afterward, Jones thought about being a dancer and working out every day and being a vegetarian for over 30 years. She’d been having more gas than usual, but she didn’t pay too much attention to that problem. “I thought maybe I was just allergic to gluten,” she says. “Allergies were becoming more prevalent, so I thought maybe I had fallen into that category.”

Before she shared the news with her family, Jones underwent additional tests that her doctor recommended: a CT scan and an MRI. When she learned she had Stage III nonheredi-

realhealthmag.com

tary colon cancer, Jones was shocked.

The stages of colorectal cancer range from 0 (very early cancer) to IV, the deadliest. Stage IV means the cancer has metastasized, or spread to other parts of the body. Jones’s later-stage diagnosis was determined by how much the cancer had spread and the size of her tumor.

“It wasn’t until maybe about a month later that I told my family. I wanted to know what I was looking at, and I only wanted a close circle of people to know,” she says. “I did not want everyone in my family to know, except my parents and my sister, and I told my

(BOTH JONES) COURTESY OF JENNIFER JONES; (FRAME) ISTOCK

By Kate Ferguson

All dressed in sequins, Jennifer Jones sparkles onstage at Radio City Music Hall’s Chrismas show for 1988–1989.

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boyfriend and one other close friend. I just kept the circle very close-knit. And I told my aunt and uncle.”

Jones also informed her two children, 22-year-old son, Zachary, and her daughter, Isabella, age 20.

JONES’S PARENTS ALSO EXPRESSED

disbelief when they learned of her diagnosis. Her father, who lives in St. Croix, one of the U.S. Virgin Islands, was surprised because Jones had led a healthy lifestyle since childhood. “He and I are the ones who get up at 7 a.m. and go for our run on the beach and

The treatment Jones’s doctors recommended was challenging. They proposed two methods of chemotherapy. Treatment entailed IV infusions that lasted from one to three hours and 14 days of pills followed by seven days of rest. “It wasn’t bad at first, but the side effects from the intravenous chemotherapy were the worst,” she says.

Jones, who stands a willowy 5 feet 8 ½ inches tall, saw her weight drop to 115 pounds after starting treatment.

“The reason why it was so low was because I was controlling my eating be-

cause of my bowels,” she explains. “After I had my first IV treatment, I immediately felt better,” she says.

But the side effects of therapy worsened as Jones continued her intravenous treatments.

She experienced peripheral neuropathy, a progressive type of nerve damage that triggered sensitivity to cold in her hands. Wind bothered her, and her throat would constrict immediately following treatment.

“For me, as a dancer, being precise and doing workout routines motivated me,” she says. “I completed chemo—

Presenting Jennifer Jones: First Black Radio City Music Hall Rockette, colon cancer survivor and committed health advocate

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“I FEEL LIKE IT’S MY DUTY TO TALK ABOUT THE DISEASE AND GET THE WORD OUT ABOUT EARLY SCREENING AND DETECTION.”

six rounds of intravenous and eight rounds of pills—even though it was very difficult.”

JONES KEPT GLOVES BY HER REFRIGER-

ator and wore them when she had to reach inside. On the days after treatment, she practiced hot yoga, hoping to move the chemo meds through her body and sweat out toxins, despite knowing this was wishful thinking.

The pills discolored her palms and the bottom of her feet, and the nail of her pinky toe fell off. The skin on the soles of her feet flaked; blisters formed and burst. She didn’t lose her hair, but it thinned out. “I had to be aware of what was happening to my body,” she says. “I’m sure everyone’s side effects are somewhat different, but those are the ones that I felt.”

After four rounds of chemotherapy, Jones’s surgeon assessed the effectiveness of the treatment with a procedure that was “something like a colonoscopy,” she says. That was followed by a CT

ALL IMAGES: COURTESY OF JENNIFER JONES

swim in the ocean while everyone else is sleeping,” says Jones. “The news took my mom’s breath away, and my kids were in shock as well because they know how healthy I eat.

“My boyfriend sat and cried,” Jones continues. “Everyone was very supportive, and my sisters did research on colon cancer. My older sister just said, ‘Sloan. Go to Sloan [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, a cancer treatment and research institution in New York City]. That’s where I found my doctors.”

Jones’s medical team there consisted of two women: one oncologist and a surgeon. “That was very comforting to me,” she says. “Another reason why I did not want a lot of people to know [about my diagnosis] is because it concerns a section of my body that controls my bowels. I wasn’t ready to talk about everything that I was going through, and having my doctors be female made it very comfortable to talk about certain things.”

scan and MRIs. Then Jones’s doctors followed hospital protocol and reviewed her case with Sloan Kettering’s board of cancer care specialists.

Her oncologist called the next day to announce that the medical team wanted her to undergo four more rounds of chemotherapy. “At least two more of the intravenous and four more rounds of the pills,” Jones recalls. “I just wanted to cry, because I felt so good. I didn’t want to do anymore. I really felt strong.”

The oncologist told Jones that the chemo was being extended in order to shrink the tumors as much as possible.

Then the team planned to perform surgery to remove the tumor at its point of origin. “I had told my surgeon from day 1: ‘I’m very active. I don’t want to wear a colostomy bag.’ She looked at me and said, ‘I know,’” Jones says.

THE DOCTOR BELIEVED THAT JONES’S

tumor was located high enough in her colon that the organ would remain intact. “This was on my mind the whole time,” Jones says. “But as surgery drew closer, these thoughts increased.”

She underwent the procedure in mid-December 2018. The surgery was done robotically, says Jones. Her surgeon removed the tumor, which had shrunk from about 2 inches to .3 centimeters (less than half an inch), as well as part of her rectum and lymph nodes on each side of the area.

In early January, Jones got the good news. “My doctor called me and said that, after looking at those lymph nodes, there was no sign of cancer. I was cancer-free!”

Today, Jones is one of more than 1 million survivors of colorectal cancer in the United States. Her colon is OK, and she didn’t need a colostomy.

She manages some temporary post-surgery problems by monitoring food choices and water intake to better control her bowel movements. “I was told that it takes about a year for your body to adjust,” she says.

Besides that, Jones’s life is as it was.

She still attends quarterly meetings of the Rockettes Alumni Association, where she socializes with her Rockette sisters and joins them in public appearances and special performances.

She’s also involved with Dancers

Against Cancer, a community foundation that helps dancers, choreographers and other people working in show business and their families face their cancer diagnoses and negotiate treatment. “They helped me,” Jones says. “They gave me $10,000 to help me with my medical bills, so I’m very thankful for organizations like that.”

Now, Jones advocates for people to get screened for colorectal cancer earlier. “If I had gone in at 45, my cancer stage would have been different,” she

says. “My children will have to go for their first colonoscopy at 40 years old since I was diagnosed at 50.

“Since I’ve been through colon cancer, I feel like it’s my duty to talk about the disease and get the word out about early screening and detection because you can survive it,” Jones says. “I think a lot of people worry, especially if their cancer is at such a late stage, that they won’t be able to pull through.”

But, as Jones learned, they can. ■

Colon Cancer Checkups Current screening guidelines for your health Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) has been on the rise in recent years, and experts predict this will continue.

As a result, some of the major cancer health organizations have changed their screening guidelines.

American Cancer Society Currently, this agency recommends that people at average risk of CRC should start regular screening at age 45 with either a colonoscopy or a test that detects blood in the stool.

This is down from the previous age threshold of 50. But for those at higher risk, screening before age 45 is suggested. These include people who previously had CRC or colorectal polyps (small clumps of cells that form on the lining of the colon or rectum), a history of inflammatory bowel disease, a family history of CRC or polyps diagnosed in a relative younger than 60, confirmed or suspected hereditary CRC risk or past abdominal or pelvic radiation for a previous cancer. Individuals in good health who have a life expectancy of more than 10 years should continue regular colorectal cancer screening through age 75. For people ages 76 through 85, however, the decision to be screened should be based on a person’s preferences, life expectancy, overall health and prior screening history.

American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy This medical society advises that men and women at average risk for colorectal cancer should have a colonoscopy every 10 years beginning at age 50. The reasoning is that the risk of developing CRC increases with age, and more than 90% of cases occur in people age 50 or older. However, people with risk factors for CRC or a family history of the disease should talk with their doctor about screening sooner. African Americans are diagnosed with this cancer at an earlier age, on average, and some experts suggest Black people start screening at age 45.

United States Prevention Task Force This independent, volunteer panel of national experts in disease prevention and evidence-based medicine also recommends that folks should begin screening for colorectal cancer soon after turning 50, then continue getting screened at regular intervals through age 75. But if an individual has had certain illnesses or has a close relative who has had colorectal cancer or polyps, he or she may need to be tested earlier or more often.

The panel is currently reviewing study findings to issue an updated screening recommendation.

—KF

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THOUGHTS

It Is What It Is How one woman learned to react more positively to a negative situation

How not to care if people don’t like you ACCORDING TO PSYCHOLOGISTS, PEOPLE ARE NATURALLY CONDITIONED to want love and approval from others. This is why it may be so difficult to handle the fact that not everyone will like us. But although there’s no escape from that harsh truth, we can take steps to bolster our self-esteem when we’re faced with rejection.

First, try to understand what triggered the rebuff. Sometimes all our efforts fail no matter how hard we try to win someone’s approval. When there’s no clear reason for an individual to dislike you, it can be especially frustrating.

This is the perfect opportunity to determine the value of connecting with the person who doesn’t seem to care for you. Think critically and carefully about whether it’s worth your time and energy to try to win over individuals who seem to have made up their mind about you without even knowing you.

Second, determine whether a person’s dislike really matters. Ask yourself the following questions: How much of an effect on my life will this individual have? Why do I feel the need to have this person like me?

Honest answers should help you put the situation into perspective so you can choose how best to react to baseless hostility. Most often, that response will be to let go and walk away.

—Kate Ferguson

The Expert Says Mental health advocates suggest strategies for handling the hurt when someone dislikes you for no reason.

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Resist the impulse to act out.

When people make snap judgments about you or treat you with disdain or discourtesy, it’s normal to feel anger.

Rather than react, count to 10 to help control your feelings. Walk away to give yourself time to think and cool down.

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Don’t dwell on why someone may dislike you.

Everyone is responsible for their behavior.

Remember that there are people who love, respect and value you. Many times you’ll find that the way haters feel about you has more to do with their own fears, insecurities and shortcomings.

Avoid folks who don’t like you.

Give individuals who spew negativity a wide berth. Sometimes this response is enough to make people think a little harder about the disagreeable attitude they have toward someone who has done them no harm.

—KF

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Shrug It Off

Several years ago, I landed a job supervising a small group of copywriters at an advertising firm. One of the workers instantly seemed to dislike me and acted out in ways that made it clear she was determined to undermine my authority.

Her behavior puzzled me because I tried my best to be fair and supportive of every employee in my department. After my many attempts to win her over failed, I stepped back to reflect and reevaluate the situation.

Eventually, through conversations with a few coworkers, I learned that this woman felt that she had been passed over when I was hired for the position. That’s when I decided to stop overcompensating for her reaction to me.

I realized that she would always consider me her rival.

Finally, she left the company for another job. I wished her well and was very satisfied that I’d been able to handle the problem with patience and grace.

—As told to Kate Ferguson

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