2nd edition

Researeh

&Creatflve Actflvfltfles

Seconrl

S.I

U.E

Southern Illinois University at Edwardwille

frdition

I

Lelter fiom the Prestdent/2 ...--_...{#

Introductton/3 Faclllties Support Research at SIUE/4 Curing Dtseases/6 eqlo6 nw Flhwlt

Lik siqe wrcb

Understanding Bone Structure/6 Preserving Sight/7 Unlocking the Cystic Fibrosis Mystery/7 Enzyme Research/8 Genetic Research/8 Cancer Fatients and Nutrition/8 Children in Hospitals/9

Under:standlng People/l 0 slud! wiery to inwUe tk quqlitt

R@rcM

oI lile

Tle Family/10 The Homeless in America/ lO Past Societies/l

I

Black women of the victorian Erall I Natural Resources/l I Gov€mmental Operations/ I 2 lnventory Management / I 2 Marketing and Financial Strategies/ I 3

Theory and Practtce irlerge fo Phplcel Sdence The Vorld of Quarks/I4

la6tlgdons/14

Molecailar Structur€/I4 Medicine and ttre Ergineer/14 Maft€metics SoMng Practicd Problems/I 5 Theor€tical G€om€try/ I 5 C.omputers and Graphs/ I 6

Ihe HumanErperierce/l7 Rwbers

qkn

bw,

paw

furctfrm ln q

smw u\ru

Architecture/17 An D€picting Society/U Zuni Indians/18 Renaissanc€ Ut€raturc/ I I Simone de B€auvoir's l€tters/18 Motintion and MenDry/Ig N€w T€dmiques for Teaching vritinS/f 9 Understanding Pre-sdroolers' Needs/I9 Impror'tury High School Math Instruction/I9

SntE Rcae.rch Pliays an

Impo(tafi Xole ln Area Economlc llerelqnent/2o Dlrcctory 2f

ettef from the President Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville invites you to share in its resources. While the first priority of this institution is excellence'in education, the University remains acutely aware of its obligations to Southwestern Illinois and to the St. Louis metropolitan area. Within the past few years, we have undertaken many initiatives to

make the special expertise and resources of the University accessible to local business, industry and govemmental agencies. 'r$(/ith this publication, I am reaffirming our commitment to these activities and especially to the research support that fosters the prosperity, health, and vitdity of this region. I seek to strengthen the cooperative ventures that have been established, and I invite those of you who have not yet made use of our resources to take atvantage of what we have to

offer.

Most exciting of the University's new projects is the planning of University Park, for which Governor Thompson has released $l million under the "Build Illinois" progfam.

Designed to spur economic growth in this area, University Park will provide a home for some 35 cooperative research ventures, training programs, and incubation facilities. The University will seek firms that will benefit from access to University facilities and faculty expertise and that will, in tum, offer opportunities for cooperative research and learning activities for University faculty, staff, and students.

University Park lies in the future, of course. Already in operation are a number of new proiects to enhance cooperative ventrres between the University and area businesses and institutions. As you read this publication, you will find a detailed inventory of these assets.

They include, among others, the now operative Center for Advanced Manufacturing and Production (CAMP), which focuses upon

providing technical assistance to regional firms and aiding these firms in the implementation of proposed projects. Regional Research and

Development Services (RRDS), another such resource, provides essential datato arca businesses, planning agencies, and government bodies. Formed through the consolidation of the Center for Urban and Environmental Research and Services (CURS) and the office of Area Dwelopment (OAD), RRDS works closely with the Illinois Dqrartment of Commerce and CommunityAffaifs, the St. Louis Regional Commerce and Growth Association, the Southwestern Illinois and Metropolitan Area Planning Commission, and the Leadership Council of Southwestern Illinois in efforts to encourage economic growth.

The Southwestem Illinois Small Business Development Center is one of six regional centers in Illinois where small business owners can receive technical and managerial assistance through training courses, consultation, market information, procurement, and other such aids.

Finally, the School of Engineering, in cooperation with the Illinois Department of Transportation, provides engineering and technical support to minority and female contractors.

Yet, there is more to be done. The University is committed to ensuring that its resources--faculty expertise, laboratory facilities, library holdings, and data processing capacities-are used to their frrllest potentid.

W'e are eager to dwelop further cooperative endeavors, as well as to enhance those

presently underway. We look forward to engaging withyou in new and promising ventures in the years to come.

Ead lazerson

President Southern Illinois University at Edwardwille

ntroduction

"Man is not tbe sum of ubat be has but tbe totalityof ubat he does notyet baue, of what be migbt haue."

-Jean Paul Sartre

Vtrat

man does not yet have...what he

might achieve...is the subject of research.

Research is the systematic and critical investigation of a question aimed at the discovery of knowledge. It takes the form of either solving problems or aiding in the understanding of them. The resulting knowledge makes it possible for society to reach new levels of achievement.

Research is an essential aspect of the mission of Southern Illinois University at Edwardwille. The knowledge and understanding gained from research at the

University support SIUE's functions of instruction and service. In addition to providing the substance for these activities, research makes it possible for SIIJE to help students become well-educated, responsible citizens.

During the past decade the University, govemment, and industry have become increasingly aware of the mutud benefits in their cooperation in the advancement of American science and technology. Although legitimate differences mark some of their goals and priorities, this commonality of purpose has led to productive paftnerships. Cooperation among the three sectors has the potential to shorten the traditional time lags between research and technology.

Although federal and state agencies continue to offer the primary support for research and proieca at SIUE, stronger ties with industry are dweloping. A number of faculty are involved in industry research activities, in sharing laboratories with industry researchers, and in serving as consultants.

Industry in turn, shares more than research laboratories and equipment, providing the University with advisory boards, lecturers, and

student intemships.

The Graduate School is the overall agency responsible for developing and administering policies concerning research and creative activities, with the Office of Research and Projects coordinating and assisting in their implementation and in the preparation and processing offaculty grant and contract proposals. To optimize the matching of University researchers with agency and industry needs, the Ofrce of Research and Projects provides access to the Illinois Resource Network, with its capacity to identiry specific faculty research interests and expertise at thirteen Illinois universities and four federal research laboratories.

Research at SIUE embraces a wide variety of activities ranging from the study of osteoporosis to the analysis of Aristotelian ontology. Basic research, with its long-term and far-reaching cons€quences, is balanced with applied research, with its more immediate transfer of technology and the solution of contemporaryproblems. Although it is impossible to describe all of the work taking place at the Universiry this publication highlights some of these research and creative activities.

Vaughnie J. Lindsay, Dean SIUE Graduate School

acilities Support Research

at SIIJE Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville (SIUE) supports research through a wide variety of facilities, including specialized biological, chemical, and engineering laboratories, computer services, and library collections.

The Elijah P. Lovejoy Library contains more than 768,000 volumes; 764,000 microforms; 44O,OOO United States, Illinois and international organization goverrrment documents; 1 1 5,000 maps; 41,4O0 audio visual materials; and a number of special research collections. About 18,000 volumes are added annually and the tibrary subscribes to 3,900 periodicals. In addition, the Library provides a computerized search service to more than225 bibliographic and non-bibliographic databases for faculty and graduate students.

Lovejoy tibrary is a member of a statewide system that provides access to materials in the libraries of all major universities throughout Illinois. In addition, the Library has an extensive exchange network

with other

local, national, and international libraries.

TheData Processing and Computing Center is a centralized facility that serves the computing needs of the SIUE community. The Center is equipped with an IBM 4381-Pl2 computer system with 16 megabytes of main memory four 9-track 1600/6250 bpi tape drives, and over ten gigabytes of disk storage.

The system operates under VM with VS1 and MUSIC. The facility supports credit and noncredit instruction in all departments, as well as faculty and graduate-level University-sponsored research, and extemally sponsored or independent research.

The School of Dental Medicine,located on the SIUE Alton Campus, has 15 research laboratories used primarily by its biomedical science faculty. The School has a scanning and transmission electron microscopy suite and sophisticated equipment to conduct histological, biochemical, anatomical, microbiological, pharmacological, and physiological research. In addition, a

biomaterials testing program that evaluates new products both in the laboratories and clinically is in place. LouejoJ) Library This program involves

metallurgical and physical testing equipment as well electrochemical analysis and up-todate material

as

elaluation techniques within the mouths of patients. Through this program,

current information about new materials is provided to dental students and to the general practitioner.

The School of Sciences has more than 20,000 square feet ofspace devoted to

research and research support facilities. The School maintains a scanning electron microscopy facility provided with an I.S.I. Super III A SEM with supporting equipment and an

opefatof.

Within the School, the Biology Department houses l8 well-equipped research laboratories, warm and cold rooms, a photographic laboratory and several labs dedicated to tissue culture work. Preparative ultracentrifuges, fraction collectors, spectrophotometers, and gel electrophoresis equipment facilitate research in enzymes, proteins, and genetic engineering.

Major equipment available in the Department of Chemistry includes a nuclear magnetic resonance spectfometer (JEOL FX60Q, JEOL FX-90Q, Perkin-Elmer R24B,Varian EM-360L); infrared spectrophotometers ( PE 337,lBM IR-32 FT-IR spectrophotometer); gas chromatographs (FID, EC), Isocratic and Gradient high pressure liquid chromatographs (Altex, Waters, Perkin-Elmer), ultraviolet and circular dichroism spectrometers (Varian, Cary, Beckman, Gilford); an AA spectrophotometer; an electron spin resonance spectrometer (Bruker); and an IBM mini computer 9000.

The Department of Computer Science has more than 2,000 square feet of computer equipment laboratory space, housing microcomputers, minicomputers, and mainframe terminals, among other items.

The Physics Department's Solid State Iaboratories consist of a General Electric

)GD5 single crystal difuctometer,

a

liquid

helium X-ray cryostat, al-angX-ray topography camera, a custom-built computer controlled double-beam visible-Near lR spectrometer, and other equipment. The Physics Department's Thin Film laboratories have complete facilities for the design, production and analysis of metd and dielectric coatings. The available equipment includes e-beam and thermal vacuum coaters, visible and near-IR spectrophotometers, several interferometers and related support equipment.

The School of Engineering operates two electronics laboratories, two microprocessor labs, two computer labs, one electrical motors lab, one materials testing lab, one robotics lab, one electrical engineering research lab, one soils and fluid mechanics lab, one environmental lab, and an electronics repair and maintenance shop.

The School of Nursing has a computer lab with microcomputer and mainframe capabilities, with both monochrome and color display available.

The School of Social Sciences maintains several research facilities. An anthropology teaching museum in the Department of Anthropologyprovides materials for study as as opportunityfor development of curatorial methods. The Department of Geography and Earth Science maintains a cartography laboratory a map library, and petrolog;r and mineralogy, soils testing, and physical geology laboratories.

The Political Science laboratory provides access to and reference materials concerning computer data bases of the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. Regional Research and Development Sâ‚Źrvices, a public service/ applied research unit of the School, provides

controlled by individual PDP

ll/34

minicomputers.

The Speech, Ianguage, and Hearing Center is part of the Speech Pathology Department of the School of Fine Arts and Communications.

Also within that School, the Department of Art and Design has studios for various specializations

from

printmaking to art therapy.

Louqoy Library

The Department of Music has practice rooms and studios for instrumental and vocal music. In addition, the School operates two theaters. One features a well-equipped peffnanent stage, fine acoustics and excellent lighting, while the other, the James F. Metcalf Student Experimental Theater, is designed to encourage maximum flexibility and innovation.

well

census data services.

The School of Business's computer

laboratory has a remote job entry facility with 50 terminals to the mainfi:ame computer and45 microcomputer work stations; the School also offers a business education office simulation lab. In addition, the Marketing Department has a media lab.

The School of Education maintains a number of research resources, including a specially-equipped Reading Center, one way viewing rooms, video equipment, and computer and related equipment. The Psychology Department has a complete operant conditioning lab, psychophysiological lab, and information-processing lab, each

One of many conputqs on camqus.. tbis one in Louejoy Library.

The Office of Research and Projects within the Graduate School serves as the area contact for the Illinois Resource Network (IRN), a statewide information senrice providing businesses, government agencies, educators and the community with access to comprehensive information conceming the scientific technical, scholady, and artistic expertise that abounds in Illinois. The Network contains profiles of more than 6,000 faculty members from nine public universities, four private schools, and four federal research laboratories. The system also gives faculty members opportunities to keep abreast of what is happening in their fields and to collaborate on shared interests. All SILJE faculty are included on the IRN data base, representing expertise from engineering to the humanities.

-- By lilli6 O'Neal Manning, Research Dwelopment Officer, SIUE Graduate School

ufmg Diseases: Life science researcb explores neut patbuays

help scientists understand better how to control bone diseases, such as osteogenesis imperfecta and osteoporosis.

Funded by the

National Institutes of Health, their research examines the growth bone cells in tissue

of

culture to determine the best conditions for their "Great discouqies and imprcuemmts inuariably inuolue tbe coopration

of mnny minds."

-Alexander Grabam Bell

growth, their production of matrix and its mineralization; the

function of several bone matfix proteins that are

pteseniin bone in Research in the life sciences discovers knowledge that improves the physical health of human beings. SIUE faculty members in the schools of Dental Medicine, Sciences, and Nursing are involved in a variety of research actMties aimed at solving problems in the life sciences. These investigations include finding new pathways in medicine, dental medicine, health care and delivery and science; uncovering relationships between the human organism and its environment; and ascertaining ways to use this knowledge to improve life.

very

william wbitson

small amounts; and the interactions of the small blood vessels that serve bone and the

bone cell.

Understanding Bone Structure Equipment in one of tbe researcb laboratories in tbe kbool of Dmtal Medicine

The research of Dr. rJfilliam Whitson and Dr. Allen Otsuka, dentists at the Southern Illinois University School of Dental Medicine, examines how bones are made and explores the controls that govem bone regeneration. Since every bit of bone in the adult is replaced by new bone every 15 to 20 years, the results of this research will

Allen Otsuka

Presenring

Another

SILIE

faculty member is engaged in

Micbael

Lafi

important eye research. Annette Baich, chairperson

of the Department of Biological Sciences, is

involved in an investigation of

omithine aminotransferase and gyrate atrophy, a

condition which

occufs when one of the tissues of the eye fails to function propedy. Her research could lead to the development of a treatment for the disease.

Professor Baich received a grant from the National Eye Institute to support her work, one of only 75 Projects nationwide awarded funding by the National Institutes of Health Academic Research Enhancement Award (AREA) program.

The disease gyrzte atrophy of the choroid and retina results from an inherited inability to produce one component of the normal retina pigmented epithelium cells, an enzyme. A maior aim of Professor Baich's project is to establish a tissue culture slstem biochemically similar to the tissue in a living animal. Once the tissue culture srystem has been established, it will be possible to determine the effect of added

chemicals on the structure and biochemical

function of the cells.

At uork in one of tbe School of Scimces' laboratories

Annette Baich

Unlocking the Cystic Fibrosis Mystery Ce[s are a basic building block in the body. Michael Levy, professor of Biological Sciences, is involved in the development of monoclonal antibodies capable of distinguishing between normal cells and those ofpersons having cystic fibrosis.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetically inherited disease that is relatively cornmon and invariably fatal. lWhile most affected individuals die of respiratory infection, the basic defect is unknown, and no test exists to detect carriers ofthe defective gene. Professor Levy's research focuses on some of the factors that control the process of cells secreting lysosomal enzymes into the surrounding medium. This secretion is believed to cause much of the damage occurring during the inflammatory process.

Defects in this process characterize such diseases as cystic fibrosis.

Enryme Research Michael

S.

Matta

Even

General Medical Sciences for his long-term research on mechanism of serine proteases, and from Vitek Systems, Inc. for a proiect on

chromogenic detection systems for microbiological profi ling.

These projects deal with two major research goals. One is to gain an understanding of the means by which enzymes (special protein molecules found in all living cells) speed up the chemical reactions necessary to cell life. The other is to develop methods for the clinical detection of certain enzymes and

professor of Biological Sciences, explores the transcriptional regulation of globin gene expression in slnchronized K562 cells. Several types of mammalian cells undergo unique stages of development before they reach their final or fully-differentiated state. These changes always result in new gene expression. For example, during progression from embryo to fetus to adult, specific hemoglobins are expressed according to the stage of development. The regulation of this gene expression is beset with many unknowns.

Therefore, any information conceming the mechanisms involved in the control of globin gene expression is ofparticular interest to the medical field.

While amaior concem of Professor Vanda's research lies in determining the control of hemoglobin gene expression, his work also involves analysis of cell-virus interactions. The biology of measles virus, for example, is surprisingly sketchy despite its reputation as a controlled and common viral illness. Professor Wanda's immediate investigation focuses on analyzing the capability of the measles virus to synthesize the components for its production and the effect of this viral infection on hemoglobin synthesis.

The person and not only the health problem must be considered in health care.

Several proiects in the School of Nursing are working with this holistic approach.

micro-organisms.

The results of Professor Matta's studies may have wide application in the development

of drugs and pharmaceuticals. His research may enhance the ability to diagnose certain diseases because elevated levels of enz)'rnes in blood and other body fluids are often indicative of specific diseases. For example, high levels of the enzyme elastase can be found in the pulmonary fluid of patients with emphysema; these high levels are damaging to lung tissue.

Genetic Research

Patients and

Nutrition Mary de Meneses, associate professor of Nursing, is developing a tool capable of identifing cancer patients who require nutritional support and of predicting their chances for fecovery.

Until recently, nutritional assessment has been the domain

G.nes are yet another minute but important body element. Paul lWand4 assistant

of the dietitian and the physician.

However, hospitals in some

afeas ate now forming nutritional support teams that include registered nrrses.

Since nurses work on a day-to-day basis with cancer clients, they are in an ideal position to monitor patient status and to help prevent

protein-calorie malnutrition.

A reliable and valid assessment tool such as Professor de Meneses'would make

it

possible for the health team to maintain and monitor the patient's body weight more accurately. Prompt discovery and treatment of deficiencies would increase the patient's quality of life and improve tolerance of necessary and life-sustaining therapy.

Children in Hospitals: Reducing tbeirfears Mona Ruddy-rffalace, associate professor in the School of Nursing, is investigating the temperament of hospitalized children with a view to using such information as a basis for nursing care.

Professor Ruddy-Wallace has dweloped a

shortened questionnaire to measure temperament, since many such instruments are unused or ineffective because of their length.

Using the resulting temperament data, nurses will be able to formulate individual nursing

plans ofcare leading to a "goodness offit" between children's behavior styles and a hospital's environmental demands. As a result, a child's hospital stay would be much less traumatic for both the child and the parents.

SIUE researchers in the life sciences are dedicated to advancing scientific knowledge and to improving health care.

--By Tommye Walter, Public Information Specialist, University News Services, SIUE.

9

by conducting videotaped interviews with members of families of varying ethnic and

economic backgrounds residing in southwestern

nderstanding

Illinois.

People Researchers study society to improue tbe

quality of

Homeless

W

inAmefica

Th. interactions that occur in society constantly pose new challenges requiring innovative solutions. SIUE researchers in the social sciences and in business respond to

Another "family'' of society is the homeless, an important national problem.

James M. Henslin, a professor in the Department of Sociology and Social Work, has spent the past three years studying life as faced by the homeless in American society. As part of his research, Professor Henslin visited a dozen

these challenges. SILIE social scientists work to stimulate interest in local and regional history,

to improve the quality of the environment, to conserve natural resources, and to help

improve the delivery of local goverrlment

"skid rows" in maior U.S. cities, traveling San Francisco to $fashington, DC. He

services. Faculty in the School of Business are

developing solutions to complex manufacturing problems.

interviewed the directors and personnel

working in missions, shelters, and service centers as well as the homeless in their "natural habitat"--streets and parks. At several locations, he spent the night in shelters for the homeless, where he was able to observe first-

f The gJ

hand what these individuals regulady

Familv

E}'-'-;'s

i- '

from

experience.

Professor Henslin wants to help society understand the homeless and their situation and to provide ideas for alleviating this pressing social problem.

s

Explorations of southwestem Illinois history provide the public with a deeper understanding of a shared Joyce Aschenbrenner

culture and reveal information instrumental in the region's continued

development. Joyce Aschenbrenner, professor of Anthropology, examines family organization and the dynamics of family change from 1900 to the present.

Partially supported by the

National Endowment for the Humanities, Professor Aschenbrenner uses oral history to examine how family structure has changed over time,leading to insights on how the family is continuing

to change and survive.

She

accomplishes this research

l0

black newspapers, church records, and diaries in combination with secondary sources of information to expand the traditional view of Victorian ideals of womanhood. That view historically neglects the black experience.

Professor Cadson's findings will broaden the perspective of United States history and have timely implications for women's studies

Societies

programs.

Societal organization is studied from a di-fferent anthropological perspective by William W'oods, director of the Contract Archaeological Program in the School of Social Sciences. Archaeological excavations conducted by Dr. rJToods' team have unearthed information detailing the community and household organization, societal stratification, subsistence, specialization and external trade of earlier civilizations.

Dr. Woods has

Natural Resources In addition to famity life and archaeological digs, another important regional proiect is conducted through the research efforts ofAlan Stueber, associate professor of Geogfaphy and

served as principle investigator for 43

cultural resource projects in Illinois and Missouri, funded by local communities and governmental

Earth Science. Professor Stueber investigates the origin and evolution

of oil field brines in the Illinois basin.

By using a geochemical tracer, Professor Stueber can determine the sources of saline formation waters,

agencies such as

the Illinois Department of

their migration routes, and their effects on rock formations. His research findings have direct applications for petroleum geologists and hydrologists, since saline waters are intimately associated with petroleum accumulations.

Conserr"ation. One

ofhis current projects is an archaeological excavation at the Cahokia

MoundS

Historic Site in

William Wtxtds

St. Clair County that explores

Alan Stuebq

residential pattems during the period A.D. 950-1 I 50.

Black

of the

VictorianEra Strirtey Cadson, assistant professor of

Historical Studies, focuses on the more recent past with her research on the black ideals of womanhood in the Victorian era. She reviews

11

Gilbert Rutman

need ofcompensatory education, such as illiterate adults. Funded by the Illinois State Board of Education, this data base is proving valuable to the area planning councils as they develop and deliver adult education programs as mandated by state law.

Inventory Management Other research at SIUE addresses specific business problems. For example, improved methods of inventory management are essential in wisely allocating business resources. Donald Fogarty, professor and director of the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Program, and Robert Barringer, associate professor of Finance and Operations Management, focus their research on the study of the problems associated with'Just-in-time" (JIT) inventory management. Their investigations have led to the development of new models for planning and monitoringJlT changes, for recognizing points of diminishing returns, and for adiusting to unplanned and unforeseen developments.

Donald Aucamp, professor of Finance and Operations Management, is designing a computerized program based on mathematical theory that, when combined with current software, schedules factory production in a

Governmental Operations Local communities and agencies also draw upon SILIE faculty expertise in achieving maximum effectiveness and efficiency in their operations.

Brian Donnelly, assistant professor and chair of the Department of Public Administration and Policy Analysis, conducted an assessment of the cost efficiency of the required police and fire department service levels of a southwestern Illinois city. He also evaluated the financial condition of another Illinois town, making recommendations for streamlining procedures in both communities.

David Ault, professor and associate dean in the School of

mannef that makes maximum use of bottlenecks. The net effect reduces wasted and obsolete inventories, increases product quality, and reduces customer lead time.

Barringer ( left ), Donald Fogart! ( rigbt ).

< Robert

Business, and Gilbert Rutman, professor and

chair in the Department of Economics, created a data base designed to

aidarcaplanning councils in identi$ing adult populations in

t2

Marketing and Financial Strategies Madhav Segal, associate professor of Marketing, uses fesearch to help business understand the best methods of marketing industrial products. Professor Segal specifically examines and erraluates vendor preferences for the use of a single source of supply versus the use of multiple sources of supply. The results of his investigation will assist industrial marketers in achieving effective market segmentation and in devising successful strategies aimed at capturing a larger market share.

Jacky So, assistant professor ofFinance and Operations Management, employs a new methodology to explore the causes of nonnormality of the statistical properties and error terms of the market model of finance, which governs the normality of monthly stock returns.

This research will enhance an investor's ability to predict stock returns and help corporations develop a successful evaluation system that will determine their stock value.

The adaptability of people and industries to the dynamic environment in which they

exist depends gfeatly on a constant flow of new and reliable information. Dedicated research and scholady activity are essential components of this process. Whether this activity relies on cultural e4plorations of earlier societies or on marketing concepts, the end result is a more prosperous, satis$ing world in

which to live.

-By Sheila Uschwe, Resources Analyst, Office ofResearch and Projects, SIUE Graduate School.

Molecular Structure

heory and Practice Merge in Physical

Thomas D. Bouman, professor of Chemistry and a member of the SIUE faculty since 1969, has been honored with numerous awards in recognition of his outstanding research. Recently, he received a one-year appointment as program director in the National Science Foundation's Structural Chemistry Program. An authority on the structure of molecules, Professor Bouman combines theory and experiment in his research on chiroptical probes of organic molecular structure and on

Science

Investigations In science and technology, research efforts at Southern Illinois University at Edwardwille are both theoretical and practical. From projects examining the mystery of the basic building blocks of matter to studies of how to better utilize computers, research in the physical sciences helps advance an understanding of the wodd.

The Sforld of Quarks

Tbomas

Bouman magnetic resonance

effects.

Professor Bouman's research is aimed at determining the behavior of chemicals based upon their molecular structure. For example, by studyrng how the molecules respond to light of various wave lengths, he can decide among several possible structures of a

P.N. Swamy, professor and chair of the Physics Qepartment, is exploring the behavior of quarks, hypothetical particles that carry a fractional electric charge and are believed to be basic constituents of all matter.

Professor Swamy's research involves a very specific and delicately-expressed sr/mmetry in nature--the interactions of quarks and gluons in

compound through the appropriate theoretical calculations of the spectra and analysis of the results.

quantum chromodynamics.

Through an ongoing collaboration with Professor R. Acharya at Arizona State University

Sbirley Nian

Cbang Cbmg

at Tempe, Professor Swamy has established a connection between quark confinement and chiral symmetry breakdown. The two researchers are now studying the behavior ofthe gluon propagator and the dynamic breaking of flavor

Medicine and the Engineer An engineering project

symmetryin quantum

can also have important medical applications, as demonstrated by Shirley Nian Chang Cheng, assistant professor of Electrical Engineering. Professor Cheng recently received a National Science Foundation grant for work on a sine transform reconstruction algorithm

chromodynamics. As Professor Swamy's research progresses, more

will be known about these hypothetical quarks and how they

work.

u

Cooper's strategy can also be used with

a positron imaging system. She is studying the reconstruction of images of internal organs of the human body, seeking proof that the sine transform algorithm may provide fast reconstruction time as well as good image quality.

for

problems that have nonlinear and possibly nonseparable constraints, which could not be solved in reasonable computation times by

older methods.

The main advantage of this research is its broad applicability to a wide variety of problems. For example, it can give urban planners a tool with which to locate a new fire station or to help business people make decisions about the location and optimal size of new production facilities.

Starting with these narrow issues, Professor Cheng's work could lead to better performance of the positron imaging system and make it a more vefsatile tool for examining the dynamics of biochemical processes in the heart and brain.

Theoretical Geometry Chung-wu Ho, a professor also in the

Mathematics Solving Practical Problems Chung-ulu Ho

M"ty W. Cooper, associate professor in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, applies her mathematical research to practical problems. Funded by the Office of Naval Research of the Department of the Navy, Professor Cooper studies algorithms for multiobiective problems in integer variables.

It is her goal to develop a more direct dynamic programming approach to nonliner discrete multicriteria problems with applications to siting (location) and sizing (capacity) of facilities. Her work employs a dynamic programming approach she developed called hlpersurface search. One feature of this approach is a new technique called fathoming, which mitigates the dfficulties arising in additional storage and computation times for multiply-constrained problems. Professor

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, has a highly-regarded reputation for his theoretical work on geometric topology, topological dynamics and the theory of chaos. His most recent profect deals with the geometrical structure of the space of linear embeddings, a useful space for many theoretical problems.

Professor Ho has received extemal grants from such organizations as the National Science Foundation and Monsanto Corporation. Among other honors, he is currently an overseas consultant to the gifted program of the University of Science and Technology of China and an Honorary Professor of Hefei Educational Institute in China.

75

Computers and Graphs The tese"r.h interests of Marilynn Livingston, professor in the Department of Computer Science, are in the design and analysis of computer algorithms. One aspect of her work is involved with the construction of efficient algorithms to find minimum vertex coverings in finite graphs. Her work has implications in such diverse applications as communications networks and oil pipelines.

Quarks, computers, images, experirnentsall depend upon the human intelligence and the inventive imagination. Research is beneficial in finding the theoretical truth, in taking newly-discovered knowledge forward to practical applications, and in addressing the infinite number of questions that arise in the world. These and other SIUE researchers in the physical sciences are addressing the research challenge.

--By Peter L. Simpson, Assistant to the Director,

University News Services, SIUE.

Mailmn

Liuingston

t6

architectural ornaments demonstrate Sullivan's metaphorical expression of his architectural philosophy. The designs symbolize Sullivan's view of an interdependent natural world in which humanity and nature blend harmoniously through cyclical renewal.

he Human Experience Researcbqs explore bout people function in a complex world

Depicting Society

Understanding the human experience-what we are, our values, history, and patterns of behavior--is essential to our ability to function effectively in an increasingly complex wodd. Researchers at Southem Illinois University at Edwardwille are investigating various dimensions of the human experience. Through these efforts, they are contributing to the

In contrast to Sullivan's idea of harmony, a professor in SIUE's Department of Art and Design uses art to depict the fragmented nature of society. The oil paintings created by Professor Robert R Malone reflect his view of the human condition. Professor Malone's work shows a contemporarywodd where the human figures crowd each other, yet each has a clear "psychological distance." Even though the figures are physically close, no figure pays attention to any other figure and

increased awareness and appreciation +9b."rr of rhe nature of the human iondition.

Faculty research in the Schools of Humanities, Fine Arts and Communications, Education, and related areas contributes to society's sense of community by exploring issues basic to an understanding of mankind. Such inquiry is not simply idle intellectual speculation, for it is

ry

each acts in a highly individual manner.

through their view of the human experience that societies seek to explain why civilizations rise or fall, why wars are fought, and how people organize and live their lives.

"Tbree Figures' by Roberl >

Architecture

Maktne, in apriuate crillectktn in Neut Yo* City.

One example of this tlpe of

An artifact fiom tbe

Lo uis Su I Ii uan Co llectio n

research is the University's collection and restoration of architectural ornaments designed by Louis Sullivan, one of America's greatest architects. Directed by David Huntley, director of University Museums, and funded by the Institute of Museum Services, the Dow Corning Chemical Corporation, and the Illinois Arts Council, the project helps preserve an impoftant part of American's cultural heritage while providing insight into Sullivan's interpretation of man's role in the world. The

t7

v

Tfreodore

Fishie

de Beauvoir's Letters W'trite research in the fine arts explores aesthetic perceptions of the wodd, researchers in anthropology examine the cultural dynamics of mankind. Tlpical of this research is Professor

Theodore Frisbie's work investigating the customs and dynamics of the Zuni Indian culture of the southwestern United States. Such work provides a window to understanding other cultures, a perspective critical to understanding our own society.

portion of one of Simone de Beuutnir's letteys utith uthicb Claude Franck is tltrking.

A

1t.t,,^ /"- nr ";1';;.1;*..^

An intemational proiect that demonstrates the views

of a more recent time is the work of Claude Francis, a professor in the Department of Foreign languages and Literature, on the unpublished letters of

author/philosopher

Renaissance

Literuture Steila Revard, professor of English Ianguage and Literature, explores the relationship between Classical and English Renaissance literature. Her current project, supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities, investigates the revival of interest in the sixteenth century in the ancient Greek poet Pindar and his odes. She also traces Pindaric influence in the works of Spenser, Jonson, Drayton, Milton, Marvell, and Cowley.

Professor Revard looks at Pindar's odes as models not only for religious poetry, but also for secular encomia and political panegyric.

She considers how in modeling themselves on Pindar the poets of the Renaissance espoused the moral, religious, and intellectual values of the ancient world and in turn passed these values down to modern society in their poetry.

Tl"r5/_-q

t3--z;/*

re z*? /*;

.-.-*- rz'*

'/- 4.4 2a- 2-n,

-* -er-/*,./. *+- z-,4 -e;"-7. *#---^-/-, /* ; *<-^zi- .a*-;- 2*/ tr "d-+? 22* -.-'-z;- 4.2 e 7+72--t;J iLt, -u>/, *u .4- /;, /-Z /"2-a-4 -d- Z)-,4/. la )*, * .l;*;*_;2"* .t'4 t\-4-^L- * e*+ "J;, 6rt

-..-'L

-L-

"*

*"-"k :--e-

Simone de Beauvoir to Nelson Algren ftom t947 to 1963.

Until de Beauvoir's death in 1986, Professor Francis worked with the author to decipher her almost daily correspondence with American novelist Nelson Algren in order to establish the dates of the letters and to prepare a text transcription for publication. De Beauvoir had assumed that these letters had been destroyed until Professor Francis located the 1,600 pages. W'ritten in de Beauvoir's nonnative English, making them unique in terms of

letter collections, the letters cover the years when de Beauvoir, Sartre, Camus, and Merleau-Ponty were the leaders of the intellectual movements known

as

Existentialism and the Absurd.

John QuincyAdams wrote rhat "to fumish the means of acquiring knowledge is ... the greatest benefit that can be conferred upon mankind." Researchers at SILIE attempt to disseminate both newknowledge and new means of acquiring knowledge.

Stella Reumd

o

ZfdZ:_

Instruction, represents another proiect concerned with providing means of acquiring knowledge. Professor Nall's work, supported by the Danforth Foundation, enables professionals in eady childhood education to understand the significance of children's immediate and longterm development needs. This knowledge assists eady childhood professionals in gaining further understanding of the meaning and purpose ofthe eady education process.

Motivation and Memory Eva Dreikurs Ferguson, professor of Psychology, is one researcher exploring the means of acquiring knowledge. An examination

of how motivation affects leaming and memory, her research assesses how motivation

Improving High School

affects the way persons take in information from the environment and how they organize and leam that information. This work provides a better understanding of human motivation and new insights into how people leam.

Instruction

Techniques for Teaching

Writing Don

Baden, professor and associate dean

developed a project to help high school teachers improve mathematics

of the School of Education, uses knowledge and new leaming techniques to assist public school teachers. Professor Baden organized the Mississippi Valley Writing Proiect based on research in the teaching of writing skills.

Through intensive summer workshops as well

instruction. Funded by the National Science Foundation, the

as academic-year seminars, Professor Baden's

project concentrates

project helps school teachers from all disciplines learn the newest techniques for teaching writing, thus leading to improvement in the level of literacy in the public schools.

upon using computers and problem solving as a means to improve instruction. The program includes a surnmer session for high school teachers as well as academic-year activities at their schools.

The program staff will also develop resource material for use in the high school classroom.

Understanding Pre-schoolers' Needs The Greater

St. Louis

Research in the humanities, fine arts, and education contributes to our cultural literacy.

These scholady activities provide information about our heritage, our vision, and our means of acquiring knowledge.

--By Steve Hansen, Associate Dean, Office of

Child Study Project,

directed by Susan If. Nall, associate professor in the Department of Curriculum and

Research and Proiects, SIUE Graduate School.

19

In addition, researchers in the Schools of Engineering and ofBusiness aid disadvantaged and women owned business enterprises in the transportation construction field. The engineering faculty, along with the business faculty, provide these Illinois Department of Transportation contractors with technical and managerial assistance in the review and analysis of construction plans and specifications, site inspections, bid preparations, record keeping, production schedules, financial schedules, and resolution of construction problems.

SIUE also provides research and services to local governments, planning agencies, health agencies, chambers of commerce, and non-

IUE Research Plays an

Important Role in Area Economic Development

profit institutions through Regional Researdr and Dwelopment Services (RRDS). RRDS is administered in the School of Social Sciences

The iltinois Commission for Economic Development stated that a critical path to economic development lay in "the ability of our educational institutions to lead the state in economic dwelopment through research and

and provides access to faculty resources and to data bases. Its work includes maintenance of the Southem Illinois Census Data Project;

training." Research at Southern Illinois

studies of housing, urban renewal, and energy; studies in health care delivery cartographic services; and consultation regarding economic

University at Edwardwille (SIUE) plays an important role in the economic development of southwestem Illinois. Supported by grants from state and private agencies as well as University resources, SILIE faculty conduct a variety of research projects aimed at assisting area govefnment and businesses.

SIUE concentrates its research efforts on assisting businesses and industries with problems of technology and productivity through the Center for Advanced Manufacturing and Production ( CAMP).

Established inJuly 1985, the Center provides support to industry through the application of modem manufucturing methods. Through CAMP, industry has access to Uniyersity resources to assist in objectively evaluating the myriad of currently-available technologies.

dwelopment.

The research of faculty at SIUE is currently contributing significantly to the area's economic development. It will continue to play an important role in the future of southwestern Illinois as well as that of the entire state.

--By Tommye'Walter, Public Information

Specialist, University News Services, SIUE.

CAMP's services also include assistance in solving problems related to advanced

technology.

SMALL BUSINESS

CAMP houses the Technology Commercialization Center ( TCC ), which

DEVELOPMENT CENTER

provides help to inventors, entrepreneurs, and small businesses seeking to bring new technically-based products to market. The TCC is funded by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Community Affairs.

The University dso provides businesses with research support through the Small Business Development Center (SBDC).

Through agnnt from the Illinois Department of Commerce and CommunityAftairs, the SBDC assists small businesses with problems in management, production, pfocurement, and

financing.

20

irectory

erca Coae'0!g

Itre Grzduate School (Graduate

Studles and Research):

692-30rO

Vaughnie J. Lindsay, Dean Office of Research and Projects: i\ssociate Dean Stephen L. Hansen, Associate r illian O'Neal Manning, Research Development Officer Sheila Lischwe, Resouices Analyst

Dean

Jean Willimann, Administrative

trvz-)trrz 692-3162 692-3162 692-3162 692-3162

Assistant

School ofBuslness:

692-3822

DavidJ. Werner, Dean Center for Management Studies:

2($a

James F. Miller,Jr., Director

Small Business Development Program and Procurement Assistance Center: Arnold Franke, Director-

School of Dental Medicine: Herbert C. Butts, Dean, School ofEducation:

-

3920 -3350

Joseph Gore, Dean

School of Engdneering: Non"alb. Walh&,

692-2929

Dean

692-2500

Center for Advanced Manufacturing and Production: C'erald L. Bratsch, Director

Technology Commercialization Center: James W. Mager, Director Supportive Services for Disadvantaged/Women Business Enterprises/Contractors Project:

StwenJ. Hanna, Program Director School of Fine Arts and Communlcations:

692-2166 692-2166 .692-2500 692-2771

PeterJ. Bukalski, Dean

School of Humanities:

692-30t4

David L. Butler, Dean

School of Nurslng:

692-3956

Patricia Fomi, Dean

School ofSciences:

692-3170

Donal G. Myer, Dean

School of Social Sciences:

Samuel C. Pearson, Dean Regional Research and Development Services: Samuel C. Pearson, Acting Director

Office of C,ontinuing Education:

692-2372 692-3500 10

Christa Oxford, Director

Office of University Museums:

692-2996

David C. Huntley, Director.

Environrnental Resources Tratning Center (ERTC): Hadan H. Bengtson, Director Development and Public Affairs: James R Buck, Vice President Unfuersity News Senices: Sam S. Smith, Director

692-2030 2794 692-360/0

2l

EDITOR

tillian O'Neal Manning, Gmhtate &bool DESIGITER Patricia N. Sparls, Unfuersiry Crr@bics afid pubhcatlans

PITOTOGRAPIIEN

Charles Cox, photag@bic Reese Naftel,

anUeitty

kruice

dpfics anan AU*m^

The Graduate Scttool

Offce of Research and Proiects Box 1046 Southem Illinois University at Ednrardwille Edwardwille, Illinois 62026-1046 "en amroetirn acrioo/cquel oppocunfty crylqlEr rnd prov{der of cenices"

Researctr

& CreativeActftdtles SECOND EDITION/SUMMER 1986

Southern Ulinois University at Edwardsville