Indian Architecture Pre-Liberalization (1970-90)

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ARN 311 - MODERN INDIAN ARCHITECTURE

INDIAN ARCHITECTURE PRELIBERALIZATION From 1970 - 1990 GROUP 4 TEAM MEMBERS: Muskan Aanand Katta Sheetal Shreyes Gupta

Post-independence, Indian architecture was chaotic.

India was facing an identity crisis.

The whole nation was looking up to the government to come up with a new identity for the country.

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THE SEARCH FOR MODERN INDIAN ARCHITECTURE

Two schools of thought: Adhering to India's historical context and revisiting history to build

Modern influences from the world and building according to the current time and trends

SHRI RAM CENTRE Brutalism-Bold and aggressive use of structural elements New language of exposed brick and concrete

KOVALAM BEACH RESORT

Plastic or geometric forms using concrete and other materials.

EMBASSY OF BELGIUM

KORLAI BUNGALOW

Harmonizing the micro-environment.

ECIL TOWNSHIP Regionalism – modernism with traditional experience

ASIAN GAMES VILLAGE

NEW FOUND VERSATILITY IN CEMENT CONCRETE Plastic or geometric forms exploiting the potential of concrete Completely erased the traditional load-bearing character of stone and wood constructions.

BRUTALISM Rough, unfinished surfaces,Geometric frames, heavy-looking, straight lines, and small windows.

Exposed Concrete buildings

SHRI RAM CENTRE Theatre Architect: Shiv Nath Prasad Year :1970 Location :New Delhi

CORBUSIER’S INFLUENCE IN HIS DESIGNS

A SLANTED BLOCK AT BACK SIDE

BUILT IN REINFORCED CONCRETE. CYLINDRICAL BASE AND A RECTANGULAR MASS ON TOP OF IT.

VERTICAL SLANTED LOUVRES WITH WATER SPROUT ON ITS SIDE.

OFFICES AND CANTEEN STAIRCASE INDEPENDENT STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS.

CIRCUMFERENTIAL AND RADIAL BEAMS CANTILEVERING OUT FROM 4 CROSS-SHAPED COLUMNS. SUPPORT THE CUBOID AT THE TOP

GROUND FLOOR MIN. SPACE ENCLOSURE - FLOW OUT TO NATURAL GREENARY AND DIFFUSED SUNLIGHT INTERIOR - EXPOSED BRICK WORK AND CONCRETE (COPE WITH DELHI CLIMATE) AUDITORIUM

NEW LANGUAGE OF BRICK AND CONCRETE FEATURES

Use of exposed bricks & concrete

Aesthetically beautiful New simple Geometric forms

Amalgamation

EMBASSY OF BELGIUM Embassy Architect: Satish Gujral Year : 1980 - 1983 Location : New Delhi

Ambassador's residence CHANCERY

SERVANT QUATER

Wall Upraised part

Sunken part

Homogeneous character

DOME

ARCHES

SKY LIGHTS

WINDOW OPENING

REPEATED GEOMETRIC FORM

YMCA staff housing , delhi LIGHT & SHADOW

VIEWING PLATFORM

BALCONIES

Central Institute of Educational Technology, New Delhi

Designed for Rustom Mehta One of the most celebrated works of Nari Gandhi Consideration of the site context and climate conditions, elements interact organically.

Incorporates the use of natural sea breeze light

KORLAI BUNGALOW Private Residence Architect: Nari Gandhi Year: 1986 - 1988 Location: Korlai, Maharashtra

CIRCULAR ARCHES IN THE KITCHEN

ASSYMETRICAL ROOF SUPPORTED BY ARCHES

INTERSECTING INTERPLAY OF STAIRCASES AND GIANT BRICK CIRCLES

NATURAL WOODEN BATONS, AND LARGE MODERN GLASS WINDOWS, INDEGINEOUS BRICKS

CIRCULAR PATTERNED SMALL OPENINGS

TINTED GLASS, STONE FLOORINGS AND TERACOTTA TILES

NEW LANGUAGE OF BRICK AND CONCRETE FEATURES

Climatic and site context

Understanding the climate with sunshaded vaults, jaali screens, courtyards, etc.

New simple Geometric forms

Amalgamation

KOVALAM BEACH RESORT Resort Project Architect: Charles Correa Year: 1974 Location: Trivandrum

VIEWS FROM RESORT

WHITE PLASTERED WALLS

RED TILED ROOFS

BAMBOO CHHATRIS WITH COIR MATTING

MANGLORE TILE ROOF

SECTION

SUN SHADED VAULT

COURT YARD

JAALI SCREENS

India International Centre, New Delhi

COURT YARD

SOCIAL SPACES

TERRACE

Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal (1982)

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REGIONALISM – MODERNISM WITH TRADITIONAL EXPERIENCE Focus on the context and making a building that fits its surroundings.

Reflecting the culture and tradition of its region through its design and materials.

Destined for the workers who worked in that company.

Inspired from Doshi's childhood Redponsive to the local climate and cultural context.

ECIL TOWNSHIP Social Multi-Housing project Architect: BV Doshi Year : 1968 - 1971 Location : Hyderabad

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CONSIDERATION OF HYDERABAD'S CLIMATIC CONDITIONS A UNIT PLAN TO MAXIMIZE ECONOMY AND VARIETY OF SCALE

ISOLATED TOWNSHIP

MULTIPLE CLUSTERS ENCOURAGING CONNCETION IN PEOPLE

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IRREGULAR MASSING, OPTIMIZED FOR THE SITE CLIMATIC CONTEXT

STONE TEXTURE ON THE FACADE WITH PROPER FENESTRATIONS

PUBLIC RECREATION SPACES

VOCATIONAL GUIDES AND FACILITIES

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The athlete's village for the 1982 Asian Games held in New Delhi.

The village is the first of its kind in the Games series .

One of the most desirable and posh areas of New Delhi surrounded by the lush green spaces of Siri Fort Ridge.

ASIAN GAMES VILLAGE Family Housing Project

Architect: Raj Rewal Year : 1980 - 1982 Location : Jaipur

Concept - arrangement of narrow shaded pedestrian streets sequentially linking clusters, open spaces and commercial and recreational areas.

JAISALMER URBAN PATTERN

Design brief - 500 units in a 35-acre plot Urban pattern of low-rise, high-density development - a typical Indian ‘mohalla ’ or community Creating cluster formations ideal for the Indian climate.

CLUSTERING OF BUILDINGS

SCATTERING OF TERRACES

COURTYARDS

JAISALMER

THE INTERLINKING SPACE IN A BASIC UNIT ENTRANCE GATEWAYS LINKING TWO NEIGHBOURHOOD HOUSES

VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN MOVEMNETS

NARROW STREETS

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REFERENCES

THANK YOU

http://architectuul.com/architecture/dudhsagar-dairy-complex https://www.sosbrutalism.org/cms/17156381 https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/case-studies/a2576-mehtas-bungalowby-nari-gandhi-the-unconventionalhouse/#c5f347b9897cfff418d7038b7289524b1df7e326#186138 https://www.slideshare.net/JaikishanThadani/nari-gandhi-ideas-and-projectsunconventional-thinking http://vslir.iima.ac.in:8080/xmlui/handle/11718/836 file:///C:/Users/muska/Downloads/12237-Article%20Text-16972-1-1020201223.pdf Shiv Nath Prasad / Mahendra Raj: Shri Ram Center for Art and ...https://www.sosbrutalism.org › cms An Ode To Shivnath Prasad: The Le Corbusier Of Indiahttps://worldarchitecture.org › architecture-news › cmzgpAsian Games village, New Delhi, 1980-82 | RIBAJ https://www.ribaj.com › buildings › asian-games-village...