The Community Link Chanukah Guide 2021

CHANUKAH

GUIDE

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Jelly Donuts in Halacha On Chanuka, there is a prevalent custom to eat foods that are fried in oil, such as latkes and sufganiyot. The common reason given is that oily foods serve as a reminder of the miracle of the oil. Sufganiyot/jelly donuts start off as thick dough balls that are formed from a mixture of flour, water, sugar, eggs, shortening, salt and possibly other ingredients. The dough is then deep fried for approximately 5-7 minutes. The fried dough is never baked. After the donut has cooled down, a choice of filling can be inserted by a syringe.

How is the jelly donut viewed by Halacha?

Is it a type of pas/bread because it is made from regular wheat dough or is it considered to be a tavshil/cooked dish because it is deep fried and never baked?

Hafrashas Challah A dough (bread, cookie or cake) mixture consisting of one or more of the five grains (wheat, barley, spelt, rye, oats) is subject to a requirement to separate challah. The Torah refers to challah as a mitzvah that applies to "lechem ha'aretz" (bread of the Earth) and the obligation to separate challah applies only to lechem. When dough is cooked or fried, the product cannot be described as lechem. Dough that is destined to be cooked should therefore be exempt from challah.

Some argue that even though the dough is eventually cooked, the obligation to separate challah applies at the dough stage at which point it can still be considered lechem.

Although Shulchan Aruch follows the lenient opinion and considers donuts to be a tavshil that is exempted from hafrashas challah, the Shach suggests that one be stringent and separate challah without reciting a bracha. The COR follows the stringent opinion of the Shach.

Brachos

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What bracha is recited on a product made from thick dough which is cooked/fried instead of baked? All agree that if the dough does not resemble a bread-like product, such as pasta, then its bracha is mezonos. But if the cooked dough does resemble a breadlike product, such as a jelly donut, then its bracha is the subject of a dispute.

Notwithstanding, the common custom considers donuts to be a tavshil and the correct bracha is mezonos.

Bishul Akum Bishul Akum refers to a tavshil (cooked dish) that is cooked by an akum with no Jewish involvement in the cooking process such that the food is rendered non-kosher. In contrast, one is permitted to eat bread baked by a palter (an akum baker). The leniency of palter is applied to pas because of its integral importance to our diet and incorporates any product whose bracha is ha’motzee or could be ha’motzee if one is kove’ah seudah. If jelly donuts are to be considered pas, then it would be permitted to eat jelly donuts made by a palter. But if they are to be considered a tavshil, then they would not be permitted. Although halacha seems to prefer to categorize donuts as a tavshil as noted above, there may be room for a lenient ruling since we tend to rule leniently in the rabbinic prohibition of bishul akum where the matter is subject to a dispute. Some opine that jelly donuts should be exempt from bishul akum since they are not olah al shulchan melachim (not served at a king’s table).

Dairy Donuts Several COR bakeries sell dairy donuts for Chanuka. COR requires the donut to be labelled dairy; either by a sticker on an individual (non-bulk) package or by inserting a “flag” with a dairy symbol directly into the donut.

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