Architectural Design Portfolio (2013-17) | Shivang Bansal

SHIVANG BANSAL S t udent N o. : 18131015 M A rc h U rban D es i gn

ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

Urban Design | Year 05 Semester 09

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MAKING ARCHITECTURE PRUDENTLY SYMBIOTIC | URBAN DESIGN STUDIO MULTI-MODAL TRANSIT HUB ISBT SARAI KALE KHAN, NEW DELHI

Vision and Concept

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

The concept for the design is based on a very simple and efficient planning, with strong emphasis on the size and design of the grids, which have been worked out by taking into account the building function, line of movement, as well as parking and structural efficiency.

Multi-Modal Transit Hub Urban Design Studio Academic Project Fifth Year / Semester 09 / 2017 Group Project / Group of 4 Location : New Delhi, India Site Area : 1,37,648 sqm. (34.01 acres) Developable Area : 94,282 sqm.

Built up Area : 4,33,697 sqm.

FAR : 4.60 The project brief of the urban design studio was that of an integrated transit-oriented mixed use development. The proposed site was a live site for the upcoming multi-modal transit hub at Sarai Kale Khan, a major traffic node in New Delhi.

The project posed special design challenges especially because of its complex program comprising retail, office, hospitality, affordable housing, passenger accomodation and an integrated inter-state bus terminal along with a workshop and also the resolution of traffic in and around the site.

The key design drivers in the brief were the urban context, where we intervened beyond the site to enhance the urban precinct in line with the design scheme, and the integration and segregation of the different functions and the different user groups.

Portfolio 2013-18

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Aerial view

For instance, the structural grid for the bus terminal zone has been designed at an incline of 30 degrees, in line with the angle of bus bays for maximum efficiency and minimum obstructions.

Parking in the basement has been resolved for this parallelogram grid.

The design integrates a high street retail experience at the street level with pedestrian plazas that seamlessly merge with the forecourt and the arrival strip for the bus terminal.

Massing showing the distribution of functions

Vision Statement ‘It is envisioned to create a business and transit epicentre which seamlessly merges with a designed open public realm and a complex which is integrated, connected, efficient, daylit and iconic. In absolute sense, a realisation of how transit development should be - inclusive, self-sufficient and self-reliant.’

A major interlink is the podium that connects the railway station, metro station and the upcoming rapid rail station through the bus terminal to all the buildings within the premises. The podium has been designed to activate movement above the ground and to create a separate level altogether, for interaction and rejuvenation for the workers and visitors.

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INTERVENTION C URBAN DRAIN REFURBISHMENT

INTERVENTION B URBAN SEAM ENHANCEMENT

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Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic RAILWAY STATION TAXI STAND SKYWALK CONNECTION

INTERVENTION A RLY STATION REVITALISATION

Urban Interventions

STATION PLAZA METRO EXITS PEDESTRIAN PLAZA TERMINAL BUILDING PODIUM

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The railway station always seems traffic

congestion on the frontage due to lack of

parking and proper access. Existing public

buildings and a few houses were relocated

to an empty patch nearby. An underground car parking as well as an on-ground taxi parking has been provided.

All metro vomitories were linked by the

skywalk that terminates at the bus terminal, continuing thereon to the public podium.

The site and the settlement lack a

connection. The settlement does not have

a proper road access and the site does not get a rear access. To fix the urban seam

and allow for prosity so as to benefit the settlement, a 30m ROW road has been

provided with separate service lanes and

green buffers. This shall reduce congestion, allow for access to the site from the rear

and also enhance the connectivity to the Railway Station.

Barapullah drain, once a major drain in

Delhi, is being clogged with human waste due to the rapid growth of the city. An urban swale, along with two levels of

promenade, with a jogging track and a

green buffer has been proposed. The site has also been sloped to naturally drain

into the nullah as an attempt to restore ecological balance.

Portfolio 2013-18

Site Plan| Urban Context

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

Organised Settlement Proposed Bus Loop

Relocated buildings

Urban Seam

Elevated Skywalk

Raliway Station Plaza

refurbished

front of the station

edge for the site

multiple modes of transit

plaza for passengers

Green pockets

To free the main road from bus movement

Site plan with contextual interventions

To free the space in

Urban Swale

Promenade and swale along the drain edge

Portfolio 2013-18

30 m ROW defining an Integrates and connects

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Provides parking and a public

The plan marks the interventions beyond the site. As the project brief required to integrate the multiple modes of transit, it was imperative to intervene beyond the site. The interventions were made with the prime motives of easing the traffic flow, defining edge, improving connectivities, and interlinkages for both pedestrians as well as vehicular traffic.

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Structure Plan

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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PODIUM

Depicts the road networks running through and into the site.

Vehicular access has been limited to the periphery as vehicular connections for the public offcies and the retail zone has been integrated on the lower ground level to liberate the ground from vehicular traffic.

Depicts the green spaces within and outside the site.

Also illustrates the landscape interventions beyond the site, such as the green swale along the drain on the left, as well as the continuity of the landscape greens into the no-build zone on the right.

Depicts the accessibility of pedestrian zones from the vehicular zones. All roads have pedestrian footpaths along their edges leading into pedestrian plazas. Since the vehicular movement is restricted in the central areas, it functions as a pedestrian-only street connecting the bus terminal to the retail and food court facilities seamlessly.

Depicts the linkages between the green areas and the pedestrian pathways and plazas. The green pockets are segregated based on the functional need and require no physical barriers as there is no hindrance due to vehicular movement.

The idea of making architecture prudently symbiotic stems out from an analysis of the futuristic needs and for the design to reflect upon the nature of the people of Delhi. The design integrates various functions and at the same times, maintains an individual identity of each component in the complex. The design addresses the issues in the context and enhances the context through the interventions. The structure plan shows these various layers of the design for a better understanding of the concept. The idea of keeping the vehicular movement to the periphery and at the lower ground level liberated the ground in many ways, thereby allowing for spatial play on the ground.

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Portfolio 2013-18

Ground Floor Plan

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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9 10

7 5 4 4

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6 8

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2 3 12

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GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1 2 3 4

HOTEL AND CONVENTION CENTER EWS HOUSING RETAIL STREET PUBLIC OFFICE TOWERS

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5 LOBBIES FOR TRANSPORT OFFICES 6 BUS TERMINAL 7 WORKSHOP 8 ELEVATED SKYWALK

9 10 11 12

METRO AND RRTS VOMITORIES METRO STATION PARKING STP & ETP PRIMARY SCHOOL

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Upper Ground Floor Plan (+6000 mm LVL)

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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4 3

2

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UPPER GROUND LEVEL PLAN (+6000 MM LVL) 1 2

BUSINESS CENTER AND SPECIALTY RESTAURANT FOOD COURT

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ARRIVAL LEVEL FOR INTER-STATE BUSES INTER-STATE ARRIVAL BUS BAYS

The scheme gives a lot of importance to the upper and lower ground floor. The upper ground floor is the arrival level of the Bus Terminal. It is also the level where the buses enter the complex and split into two different routes for inter city and inter state buses. Additionally, the retail street continues to this level and multiple skylights light up the space during the day. The hotel block has a restaurant and the business center at this level.

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Portfolio 2013-18

Podium Level Plan (+12000 mm LVL)

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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4

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4 5

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PODIUM LEVEL PLAN (+12000 MM LVL) RESTAURANTS AND BOUTIQUE RETAIL KIOSKS AND CAFES

The podium, if not utilised, is a simple roof of a building.The idea of activating the podium as a public realm invigorates the entire complex. It provides for a ‘ground above ground’ where people can gather, play, enjoy, work, shop and rejuvenate.

It is the podium that actually makes the entire design scheme a onestop destination that even provides for a secure public park where the children can relax and play, without the worry of vehicles.

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1 2

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3 4

URBAN LANDCAPE PODS GLASS SKYLIGHT

5 6

ACCESS TO SKYWALK CULTURAL SPACE (OAT, HAAT)

Small trees and benches are spread all over the podium creating interesting landscaped spaces that enliven the space even during the night, for events to take place. In the design, the podium not only acts as an urban public realm, but also as the thread that ties up the entire project together seamlessly.

It integrates and interlinks all the functions seamlessly and at the same time also provides a beautiful walkable experience.

An elevated public realm has been designed in the form of a podium in order to provide for a spill-out space for the people coming to the offices and the hotel, wherein they are separated from the general crowd on the ground level. The podium has a covered all weather walkway, along with various landscaped spill-out spaces dotted with kiosks and cafes and small seating spaces for people to rejuvenate. Small water features have been provided to allow for ambient cooling.

Portfolio 2013-18

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Lower Ground Level Plan (-6000 mm LVL)

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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5

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10 11 3

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LOWER GROUND LEVEL PLAN (-6000 MM LVL) 1 2 3 4

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CONSOLIDATED UTILITY BANK OFFICE AND RETAIL DROP-OFF OFFICE TOWERS LOBBY ANCHOR STORES

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PARKING FOR EWS HOUSING PARKING FOR I/S SOUTH BOUND BUSES SOUTH-BOUND BUS EXIT PARKING FOR I/S NORTH BOUND BUSES

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SUNKEN COURT FOR VENTILATION BUS TERMINAL (DEPARTURE LEVEL) SERVICE BANK FOR TERMINAL NORTH-BOUND BUS EXIT Portfolio 2013-18

Second and Third Basement Plan

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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1 3 2 2

2 2

1

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The Lower Ground Level houses the Departure Level of the Bus Terminal along with the Retail and Office Lobbies and a few anchor stores.

A consolidated utility bank has been provided at the lower ground level for easy BMS control and smooth functioning of the entire complex. The services bank houses various service rooms and is directly connected with the STP and the ETP which are connected with the sewage pumping plant near the Barapullah drain.

The basement levels are proposed to suffice the high car parking need of approximately 5000 vehicles. The same has been provided in a two-level semi-automated stack format at the basement levels. Also, the basements have dedicated pedestrian walkways that connect to various lobbies.

BASEMENT LEVEL PLAN 1 2 3 4

Ramps connect to the pick up area of the terminal and to the various pick up areas for the offices and the retail areas for chauffeur-driven vehicles.

NON BASEMENT AREA OFFICE AND RETAIL CORES PEDESTRIAN-ONLY ZONE STACK PARKING BAYS

Portfolio 2013-18

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Elevations

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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STREET ELEVATION

SIDE ELEVATION

The elevation design follows a hierarchy in the heights of the buildings. The two towers in the center of the public plaza at the ground level, are the tallest. The housing blocks are stepped to create terraces at higher levels. They evolve as a backdrop behind high-rise office towers. The other office towers dip gradually in height along the road.

All the elevations are designed taking into account the sustainability and heat gain factors and the use of glass with low solar heat gain coefficient is proposed, based on the climate studies of Delhi. Thin green walls have been incorporated in the building facades to mark the continuity of the landscape at the ground level.

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Portfolio 2013-18

Sectional Elevations

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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In the section, a conscious attempt has been made to activate all the levels close to the ground - lower ground, ground, upper ground and the podium.

Sunken courts have been provided in the basement for natural ventilation and avoiding the use of mechanical ways of ventilation.

The street section blends with the section through the landscape area within the site, opening the landscape within the site to the street.

The section through the retail high street has been designed to ensure the intake of maximum daylight into the space.

Further, the shopping street opens into large public plazas at the ground level with organic open-to-sky spaces under the podium.

The floor to floor height has been kept at 4200 mm for the office floors and flat slabs with drop panels and post tensioning had been proposed for the office floors for smooth flow of services and in order to control the overall building costs by using the optimum floor to floor height.

Portfolio 2013-18

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Bus Terminal | Pedestrian and Bus Flows

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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Pedestrian Flow Pedestrian flows are streamlined in a simple format. Seaparate entry and exit gates are located at the ground level. The entry zone at the ground level has the ticketing kiosks, from where people can head to their designated bus bay.

For egress, all the passengers come down from the upper level (arrival level) to the arrival zone at the ground level, from where they can head to the taxi counters or directly exit through their own vehicle from the basement parking or through the pickup facility at the public plaza outside.

Bus Flow The buses enter the campus at the rear side of the site, at the upper level, where the buses split into two levels for inter-state and intra-city buses.

The arrival level for the interstate buses is at the upper ground level. After this, the buses move down the ramps to the lower ground level (departue level).

The Intracity buses move along the surface level, and the arrival and departure are at the same level.

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Portfolio 2013-18

Office Towers

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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The office towers have been designed with a prime focus on spatial and energy efficiency.

The cores have been placed strategically on the facade that is self-shading, while the offices receive maximum daylight from all the three sides.

The structural grid has been designed to be flexible in order to allow variation in the interiors of the office on multiple levels. The structure has been designed to be efficient from the points of view of structural spans, spatial layout of the floor and parking in the basement.

Furthermore, the floor plate of the tower is very efficient with only 22 per cent of the floor plate occupied by the core and the main corridor circulation. The carpet area works out to approimately 78 per cent of the floor plate, making it an efficient office floor design.

CORE LAYOUT | OFFICE TOWER

Portfolio 2013-18

The core has been planned in order to provide for splitting of a single floor plate into four separate offices with a common lobby but independent toilets.

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Business Hotel and Convention Facilities

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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The 300 key business hotel has been designed with separate entries for the banquet, ballrooms and the hotel lobby.

It is positioned at the edge of the site for easy access.

A service access is provided from the service road at the back side of the hotel. Back of the house areas such as hotel offices and kitchens are also positioned close to the service entry.

The banquet halls are lined on the front edge of the hotel.

The halls open into the green space through the pre-function spaces, in a format that separate functions can be held in the lawn as well as the halls simultaneously.

The hotel is connected to the podium at the second floor, where the specialty restaurants are also located. The hotel rooms rise up in the tower with suite rooms on the upper levels and the lower levels having the deluxe rooms.

The rooftop has an open air restaurant with an infinity pool along with a pool deck and bar.

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Portfolio 2013-18

Affordable Housing

Urban Design | MAPS | Making Architecture Prudently Symbiotic

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Affordable housing is approximately 15 percent component of the entire project.

There are 1600 affordable housing units that have been accomodated in two blocks of 15-25 storeys.

The first three floors of the blocks house the community facilities for the residents such as a polyclinic, a library, an old age home, a pre school, a marriage hall and a few dormitories.

The housing units start above the fourth level and the units have been staggered in a format that allows for terraces to be created at every floor. These terraces, somewhere double-height and somewhere single-height, allow for natural light to seep into the corridors as well as within the homes.

At the ground level, a low height screen wall has been planned to give the residents a sense of community space and an extent of territory, beyond which there is the office tower lobbies.

Also, the lower level is connected to the settlement across thr road by a footover bridge in order to allow the residents of the settlement across the road to use the community facilities within the complex.

Portfolio 2013-18

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Sustainable Office Campus

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THE ORTHOGONAL, THE VOID AND THE JOIN SUSTAINABLE OFFICE CAMPUS NEW DELHI

Design Evolution Academic Project Third Year / Semester 06 / 2016 Individual Project Location : New Delhi, India Site Area : 10,000 sqm.

Built up Area : 30,000 sqm.

The project brief of the sixth semester design studio was that of a sustainable office complex. The proposed site was a live site for the upcoming office of the Ministry of Renewable Energy, located in the heart of Delhi.

The brief posed special design challenges especially because of the irregular shape of the plot, a diverse area program and the specific public and semi-private space requirements within the office. Further, there was the task of making it a net-zero energy office complex, wherein the campus would not draw any energy from the electrical grid.

The Orthogonal, The Void and The Join | Sustainable Office Campus DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Massing iterations Two segregated blocks with the front one having public functions and the rear one housing the more private spaces

Developing the void

The key design drivers in the brief were the programmatic need for the segregation of public and private functions, the need for a high energy generation mechanism to suffice the requirements of the office, and at the same time, lower the energy performance index to ensure maximum efficiency.

Adding the ‘join’ to tap maximum solar energy Portfolio 2013-18

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DESIGN EVOLUTION The Orthogonal I wanted the building to be open, flexible and simple. Hence, the experiments with forms and volumers were mostly orthogonal. After some iterations of the form and columetric analyses, I decided to orient the longer facade of my built along the EW axis, giving due regard to the prevalent climatic conditions.

The Void One of the primary idea was the need for a ‘void’. A void that would let my building breathe in the tight geometry. Further, the void was aligned with the park towards the West, and the building undergoing construction towards the East.

The Join Since the road in the front is narrow, I decided to push the built further away from the edge of the plot, placing it at a setback of 20 metres.

Taking the required area, the footprint into consideration, and also accounting for the width of the building to optimize for daylight, the form of the block in the front had to be changed to increase the area, in coherence with my zoning.

Further, the distance between the two buildings was reduced and the ‘join’ was introduced between the connecting floors, allowing for shading of the facade, reducing the heat intake and thereby also increasing the roof area for maximising the PV generation potential.

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Site Plan and Solar Radiation Analysis

The Orthogonal, The Void and The Join | Sustainable Office Campus

Grid and Structure

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Window Wall Ratio and Solar Shading

The plan is derived from a strategically worked out grid that is practically feasible on many accounts.

- Efficient parking spaces in the basement PREFUNCTION AREA

- Flexible spaces within the office floor

AUDITORIUM

SOUTH FACADE SOLAR SHADING ANALYSIS

- Ease in the laying out of furniture STAFF DROP OFF

- Grid size determined in accordance with the spatial requirements of the officials - Column-free office workspaces - Structural efficiency has been achieved by using the Flat Slab with post-tensioning system which allows for larger spans without providing deep beams

NORTH FACADE SOLAR SHADING ANALYSIS

- This system helps in significant reduction of building costs and is sustainable as it requires significantly lesser amount of concrete.

WEST FACADE SOLAR SHADING ANALYSIS

- Floor heights limited to 3800 mm because of flat spans, further leading to significant reduction in the building construction and operational costs.

VIP DROP OFF ENTRY

The Window Wall Ratios have been decided with an aim to minimize the heat intake in order to reduce the HVAC (cooling) load and they are as follows : North Side : 45 % South Side : 30 % East Side : 40 % West Side : 15 %

Site Plan

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Portfolio 2013-18

Section Studies

The Orthogonal, The Void and The Join | Sustainable Office Campus The brief was to design a net zero office building for the ministry of new and renewable energy.

With an intricate area requirement to be fulfilled with a defined hierarchy, to design a net zero energy building was challenging.

The design breaks the program into two blocks with grids optimized for parking efficiency in the basements.

The breaking of the blocks was guided by the formation of a void in the middle, that was climatologically very beneficial.

Portfolio 2013-18

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Further, the blocks were joined on the top by a bridge supported on girders.

This join houses the common meeting rooms.

This helped the void to act like a shaded courtyard, open on the sides, enabling wind tunnelling and maximising solar potential.

The cores were strategically placed on the West facade, in order to cut down the heat intake and natural ventilation was incorporated wherever possible.

Separate access was provided for the VIPs with a separate core leading only to VIP levels.

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UNDER SECRETARY

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SCIENTISTS 'F'

UNDER SECRETARY

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SCIENTISTS 'F'

02

DIRECTOR'S ROOM

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

SUB OFFICE 15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

PRESS. SHAFT

LOUNGE

DN STEPS W=2000 T=300 R=150

LIFT LOBBY

COMMITTEE ROOM-50

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

PRESS. SHAFT

CORRIDOR 3600 MM WIDE

LIFT LOBBY

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

DN STEPS W=2000 T=300 R=150

PRES. SHAFT

PRES. SHAFT

UP

UP

LV LV

UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE TOILET

FEMALE TOILET

TOILET

OSD

LIFT

APPROVED ASSOCIATION ROOM

F.H.C.

F.H.C.

MALE TOILET

OPEN OFFICE

APPROVED ASSOCIATION ROOM

DRINKING WATER

PANTRY

MALE TOILET

ELEC. SHAFT

UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE TOILET

FEMALE TOILET

VENTILATION SHAFT

VENTILATION SHAFT

AHU ROOM

AHU ROOM

CORRIDOR 2100 MM WIDE

CONFERENCE

LOBBY

EPBAX

LOBBY

SECRE.

TOI CABINET MINISTER

MINISTER OF STATE JOINT SECRETARY

DEP. SECRETARY

LOUNGE

DIRECTOR'S ROOM

SECRETARY

SECOND FLOOR PLAN BLOCK A

PROJECT OFFICE

PRESS. SHAFT

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

CR SECTION

STEPS W=2000 T=300 R=150

PRES. SHAFT

PRES. SHAFT

UP

UP

LV LV

FEMALE TOILET

MEETING ROOM

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SCIENTISTS 'F'

KEY PLAN

MEETING ROOM

OPEN OFFICE

KITCHEN PANTRY

F.H.C.

MALE TOILET

VENTILATION SHAFT

LIFT

VENTILATION SHAFT

F.H.C.

DRINKING WATER

MALE TOILET

UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE TOILET

ELEC. SHAFT

UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE TOILET

ELEC. SHAFT

FEMALE TOILET

SCIENTISTS 'F'

PRESS. SHAFT

DN

DN STEPS W=2000 T=300 R=150

UNDER SECRETARY

SUB OFFICE

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

CORRIDOR 3600 MM WIDE

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

I.T ROOM

PROJECT OFFICE

LIFT LOBBY

LIFT LOBBY

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

DEP. SECRETARY

ECONOMIC ADVISOR, PLANNING AND COORDINATION DIVISION FIFTH FLOOR PLAN

ENTRANCE LOBBY AND RECEPTION BELOW

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

DEP. SECRETARY

CORRIDOR 1800 MM WIDE

UNDER SECRETARY

The remaining 15.01 per cent was proposed to be generated from Cogeneration as that is feasible in tropical climates and Biogas, for which a 104 kW set up running for 4 hours each day was required.

AHU ROOM

AHU ROOM

CORRIDOR 2100 MM WIDE

CORRIDOR 2100 MM WIDE

EPBAX

COUNTER

SECRE.

CANTEEN

SECRE.

SECRE.

DEP. SECRETARY

DEP. SECRETARY

DEP. SECRETARY

VIP AREA

DIRECTOR'S ROOM

CANTEEN TERRACE

DIRECTOR'S ROOM

DIRECTOR'S ROOM

MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

UNDER SECRETARY

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SCIENTISTS 'F'

BIOMASS DIVISION FOURTH FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

AKSHAY URJA BHAWAN

I.T ROOM

CORRIDOR 1800 MM WIDE

UNDER SECRETARY

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SCIENTISTS 'F'

BIOENERGY DIVISION

PANTRY

The building plans shown on the right show layout schemes based on the area requirements of the different departments of the ministry. The same was incorporated in the design, after studying the functional requirements of the building.

SCIENTISTS 'F'

SIXTH FLOOR PLAN Campus The Void and The Join | Sustainable Office

DIRECTOR'S ROOM

SEC.

Efficient measures were proposed to reduce the EPI and therefore increase the efficiency of the building. Based on Edge calculations and Ecotect analysis, an EPI of 50 kWh/metre square per year was assumed for the above estimation.

UNDER SECRETARY

COMMITTEE ROOM-25

ELEC. SHAFT

As a result, 48% of the plot area is covered by PV panels, which provides for more than 84.99 per cent of the annual energy requirement from solar energy alone.

SCIENTISTS 'F'

HYDRO DIVISION THIRD PLAN The FLOOR Orthogonal,

Building Layout and Energy Saving Measures A spaceframe covers the entire rooftop projecting 3 metres on each edge of the building, thereby shading the facade and also maximising the rooftop PV potential.

UNDER SECRETARY

FLOOR PLANS - BLOCK A SCALE 1 : 250

N

0

1

2

5

10

Portfolio 2013-18

SHIVANG BANSAL THIRD YEAR

Core Design and Efficiency

CORRIDOR 2100 MM WIDE

PRES. SHAFT

PRESS. SHAFT

The Orthogonal, The Void and The Join | Sustainable Office Campus

LV

2

F.H.C.

CORRIDOR ELEC. SHAFT 2100 MM WIDE

1850 15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT PRESS. SHAFT

PRES. SHAFT

UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE

DRINKING WATER

UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE TOILET

DRINKING WATER

ELEC. TOILET SHAFT

LV

F.H.C.

2

VENTILATION SHAFT

1850

UP

LIFT LOBBY

DN

FEMALE TOILET

750

STEPS W=2000 T=300 R=150

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

STEPS W=2000 T=300 R=150

3380

UP

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

MALE TOILET

AHU ROOM

3380

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

MALE TOILET

AHU ROOM

750

1080

A

1

1

10800

B

10800

10800

C

TYPICAL CORE A

B

C

SECOND FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR GROOVE

FIRST FLOOR GROOVE

ELEVATION

The intent is to keep the core along the west facade to minimize the heat gain into the office space. Also, the core area is pressurised per the fire safety standards.

Salient features of the core :

1080

10800

OFFICE CORE DESIGN

Area under the core is 190 sqm, thereby giving approximately 70 percent of the floor plate as effective carpet area.

8400

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

VENTILATION SHAFT

FEMALE TOILET

8400

LIFT LOBBY

DN

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

02

INTENT THE INTENT IS TO KEEP THE CORE ALONG THE WEST FACADE TO MINIMIZE THE HEAT GAIN INTO THE OFFICE SPACE. ALSO, THE CORE AREA IS NON AIR-CONDITIONED. INTENT KEEPING THE CORE ON THE WEST HAS ALLOWED THE INTENT IS TO KEEP THE CORE ALONG THE WEST ME TO SAVE ENERGY BY REDUCING THE COOLING FACADE TO MINIMIZE THE HEAT GAIN INTO THE LOAD OF THE BUILDING. OFFICE SPACE. ALSO, THE CORE AREA IS NON AIR-CONDITIONED. KEEPING THE CORE ON THE WEST HAS ALLOWED AREA UNDER CORE = 190 SQM. ME TO SAVE ENERGY BY REDUCING THE COOLING LOAD OF THE BUILDING. SALIENT FEATURES OF THE CORE

• designed to fit in the building grid • staircase, lift shafts and lobby in one

bay and toilets and service room in another bay • adequate shafts provided for various sevices • pressurised and enclosed lift lobby • electrical and LV risers opening into the arterial corridor • no hindrance in the basement parking • AHU room with direct outlet for fresh air intake • staircases naturally ventilated • lift lobbies in a 1.5 hour fire rated zone • washrooms planned with a shaft between the WC cubicles of the two washrooms, thereby easing the drainage and the plumbing • drinking water facility also placed within the core

8500

1500

15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT 15 PASSENGER SCHINDLER 5500 MRL LIFT

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Portfolio 2013-18

PRESS. SHAFT

PRESS. SHAFT

FIRST FLOOR

ELEVATION

DESIGNED TO FIT THE GRID AREA UNDER CORE = 190 SQM. STAIRCASE AND LIFT SHAFT AND LOBBY IN ONE BAY AND TOILETS AND AHU ROOM IN ANOTHER SALIENT FEATURES OF THE CORE BAY ADEQUATE SHAFTS FOR VARIOUS SERVICES DESIGNED TO FIT THE GRID PRESSURIZED AND ENCLOSED LIFT LOBBY STAIRCASE AND LIFT SHAFT AND LOBBY IN ONE 2 M WIDE PRESSURIZED STAIRCASE BAY AND TOILETS AND AHU ROOM IN ANOTHER AHU ROOM WITH DIRECT INLET FOR FRESH AIR BAY ELECTRICAL AND LV RISERS OPENING INTO THE ADEQUATE SHAFTS FOR VARIOUS SERVICES ARTERIAL CORRIDOR PRESSURIZED AND ENCLOSED LIFT LOBBY NO HINDRANCE IN THE BASEMENT PARKING 2 M WIDE PRESSURIZED STAIRCASE

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Architecture of follies Architecture is not simply about The concept of the ‘le folie’ (madness space and form, but also about in architecture) has its derives in the event, action, and what happens late 20th century from the Osaka Architecture of Follies in space. The ideas of architecture folly experiments, Burnham pavilions without function and architecture of and Tschumi’s Parc de la Villette in symbolism have attracted significant Paris. attention over the last few decades.

Architects have used the concept of While literally, a folly means an the folie in their recent urban design act of imprudence or stupidity, projects as spatial nodes that architecturally it has surprisingly influence not just their immediate but different meanings. Follies in even the broader context. architecture have a latent, yet strong impact on the people and space While some may even refer to surrounding it. They project a façade religious structures as follies, some of space that triggers stimuli, and may call any act of construction tricks or influences the senses. without purpose, a folly. Truly, the idea of the folly has multiple connotations Over the past few years, there have in the present scenario. been cases where follies have been built to transform or shape context.

While some refer to it as an urban They act as architectural objects toy – an interactive life size product which have an impact on the of creative thinking, some may call macrocosmic context. it metaphorically the dead yet alive organism in the matrix of living Historically, follies were built as buildings. grand structures, majestically tucked in large gardens. These follies, The notion of the folie as an usually, had no practical purpose. architectural piece in the public Today, follies stand as a testament realm; as a harbinger of design to the present-day architecture and flaws that an architectural space is a saviour of the urban condition of plagued with, gives the folie a lot of the 21st century. potential in terms of scripting space.

24

Dissertation Even though follies have no building purpose other than pure spatial entertainment, they nonetheless serve spatial functions for the area where they have been erected. As such, follies fall under the category of attractor architecture.

03

Architecture of Follies

The dissertation thus aims to : a. Understand the concept of the folly from various case studies and arrive at a definition of what is or can be called a ‘folly’. b. Understand the influence of the folly on its surrounding areas.

DECONSTRUCTION | PARC DE LA VILLETTE

Portfolio 2013-18

Nevertheless, follies have a definite impact on space. To understand the otherwise subjective idea of follies, the architecture of follies must be analysed. Further, to

This shall be done in two parts.

A. Inclusion Criteria

analyse this, certain parameters must be defined to establish a domain for this

Architecture of follies

B. Exclusion Criteria

analysis.

4.1 Parameters to identify architectural follies For the identification of architectural follies, theoretical and practical criteria have been defined based on the readings and the case studies.

Dissertation

03

4.2.1 Inclusion Criteria 1. The structure may have no program attached to it i.e. no other purpose other than as an ornament or a marker in space.

2. Any built form without a practical purpose qualifies to be a folly. There may be

A. Theoretical Aspects

instances where the structure may be purpose-built, however the purpose may

1. Does the folly have a meaning?

be disguised.

2. Does the folly give meaning to the space around it?

3. A building or a part thereof, that may have the appearance of a building built

3. Does the folly have a defined architectural program attached to it?

for a practical purpose is a folly if the appearance is a sham.

4. Does the architecture of the folly show an intent to ‘deconstruct' program?

4. Built forms that adapt to a variety of programs may even qualify to be follies in specific cases. For example, the Parc de la Villette in Paris.

B. Practical Aspects

5. The structure may trick the senses and be whimsical in its experience.

Other than the designated follies, it can be difficult to identify follies, especially

6. The structure may be eccentric in design, by virtue of which it may have

because of the multiple interpretations of the ‘folly’. For this purpose, a set of criteria, derived from the previous definitions and the detailed study on ‘What is a Folly?’, can be laid down.

4.2 Identification of follies

Architecture of Follies

4.2 Identification of follies

7. The structure may have lost its function over time. This implies that a building that has been abandoned may also be a folly if it is deceitful in nature.

8. The structure must define a certain space or boundary and it may even have nodal significance ie. it may act as a reference point in space.

This shall be done in two parts.

9. Any vestigial object as a part of building or a building in itself can qualify to be

A. Inclusion Criteria B. Exclusion Criteria Dissertation | Shivang Bansal

unusual details and/or form.

40

a folly.

10. A built form as a commemorative building like a memorial, cenotaph, etc. is a

4.2.1 Inclusion Criteria 1. The structure may have no program attached to it i.e. no other purpose other than as an ornament or a marker in space.

folly because of its deceitful nature.

11. Any built form pretending to be the remains of an old building but in reality designed and built in that way is also a folly.

2. Any built form without a practical purpose qualifies to be a folly. There may be instances where the structure may be purpose-built, however the purpose may

Dissertation | Shivang Bansal

41

be disguised.

3. A building or a part thereof, that may have the appearance of a building built

Portfolio 2013-18 for a practical purpose is a folly if the appearance is a sham.

4. Built forms that adapt to a variety of programs may even qualify to be follies in specific cases. For example, the Parc de la Villette in Paris.

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Curiosity | A Folly

04

CURIOSITY | A FOLLY IMAGINARY SITE

Plan

Curiosity | A Folly

04

Academic Project Curiosity | A Folly Second Year / Semester 04 / 2015 Individual Project Location : Middle of a field Site Area : 35 metre x 35 metre The fourth semester design studio revolved around the exploration of a feeling or an emotion as a spatial experience. It was about the underatanding of a feeling and its translation into an architectural experience which was purely form-oriented, and free from any function.

This introduced to us follies - buildings, that trick or fool the user, usually without any significant function. What followed was sessions of reading Bernard Tschumi and his concept of follies, followed by an understanding of Derrida’s remarks in Point de folie.

As a culmination of this, a 35 x 35 site was given in the middle of nowhere, where an emotive experience of the senses was supposed to be designed and laid out architecturally.

I chose the feeling of ‘Curiosity’ and designed what I call a ‘curious’ experience.

Portfolio 2013-18

PLAN (00 LEVEL) 27

Concept

Curiosity | A Folly

04

Curiosity in humans relates to ‘a symphony of thoughts that expect a certain action or reward.’

The folly was visualised as a spatial experience triggering curiosity even before reaching the site. The site, from all four sides, shows paths leading to nowhere, exciting the individual to come and witness the experience.

As one approaches, the folly unfolds, giving the appearance of space as a carved ‘niche’ in the field.

The experience unravels as one moves through the space. Instead of an orchestrated movement, I decided to leave it to chance and opted for a voluntary random movement.

The design was evolved as an outcome of overlapping multiple layers.

While on the one hand, there is a series of steps that lead up from nowhere to nowhere and finally lead to the other side of the field, which I call the ‘halo’ layer.

On the other hand, there is another flight of steps that lead one into a space where the interplay of light and shade, caused by the design of the walls and the roof, entice curiosity in the minds of the user.

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Portfolio 2013-18

Layers

Curiosity | A Folly

04

The geometries were derived as an act of playing with contours and angles in a field. Reflecting homogeneity, the shallow contours were designed to make the folly merge with the landscape on one side and appear like a raised object in empty space on the other side and the angles were subtle so as to provide partial view of the space.

The multiple points of entry and exit into the spaces further entice curiosity in the minds of the ‘user’, as one moves through to see what lies within.

The folly was designed to be an experience to the senses, with the sounds of water gushing down the waterfall and feet stepping upon the pebbles playing from crevices and the smell of infused petrichor giving a feeling of rain.

Portfolio 2013-18

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Bamboo | Material Science

AA Visiting School BioMorph 2016

05

The Biological Morphologies workshop’s main ambition was to focus on three themes; that of biomimetic method, material science and digital tools.

Biomimetics is the examination of systems, processes, and elements of nature and how these can be abstracted to provide innovative design solutions. The advancement of digital technologies facilitates experimental building techniques and material systems that can be positioned and respond to local resources that result in dynamic spatial structures. This was researched and accelerated using sophisticated computational tools and delivered with low-tech assembly methods.

The double-curved bamboo trellism ade by the group in the workshop

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Biological Morphologies

30

Areas covered in the Visiting School : • Theory of biomimetics and organic evolutions abstracted into innovative design / material solutions.

• Material explorations in bamboo using new low tech methodologies to produce dynamic forms.

• Tectonics and fabrication methods related to bamboo • Introduction to computational tools used to deliver dynamic digital forms into physical geometry

Portfolio 2013-18

Biomimetics | Bird Skull

AA Visiting School BioMorph 2016

Bird Skull

05

The BioMorph workshop was structured in two parts.

Woodpecker

Woodpeckers show amazingly efficient shock absorption capabilities without any recorded damage to their beaks or brains while pecking trees. When a woodpecker makes a blow into the tree trunk, its beak repeatedly strikes at a speed of 6–7 m/s.

The physical characteristics of the head include spongy bone on the upper beak, an extended hyoid bone, a tightly enclosed small brain within the skull and a plate-like high-strength cranial bone.

Diagram showing pecking action

FORCE DISTRIBUTION

Diagram showing woodpecker skull & hyoid bone

CRANIAL CAVITY SECTION

SKULL & BEAK DIAGRAM

A Outer Layer

B

C

Middle Layer Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Inner Layer

The exterior layer is first to encounter any impact forces. The flexible tissue allows the upper beak to bear high amounts of stress and reduce the risk of shock by bending and flexing with each vibrational transmittance. The upper beak intersects with

The bone tissues are built up from pneumatized cells that allow air voids between solid material, reducing the overall weight of the structure without affecting its strength.

a thin bone surrounding the skull called the hyoid bone. Forces travel along the hyoid bone, diverting around the skull and back out through the toungue.

HIERARCHY

BEAK SECTION Global

Regional

Local

Cranial Cavity

Outer Layer

Rhampotheca Layer Keratin scales

Beak

Middle Layer

MIDDLE LAYER

O verl appi ng & Sl i di ng Wavy Sut ure

Woodpecker

FOAM LAYER

Foam Layer

The foam layer is a continuous unification of the rhamphotheca and bony layer. It joins the dissimilar materials of keratin and bone. It has a porosity

Porosi t y

of 27–30% near the rhamphotheca or the bony layer and 50–65% at the middle of the foam layer.

Hyoid Bone

Bony Layer Cavity

Inner Layer

Porosi t y

The outer or rhamphotheca layer is composed of overlapping scales. The keratin scales create friction upon movement by their stacking morphology, functioning as a dissipating agent.

BIRD SKULL OV E RL AP

MORPHOLOGY

C R A C K R ESI STA N T D I SSI PATE EN ER G Y

OUTER LAYER

INNER LAYER BONY LAYER

KERATIN SHEATH

WAV Y

STI FFN ESS & STR EN G TH WI TH STA N D C O MPR ESSI VE

The bony layer located in the inner part of the beak has randomly distributed various-sized voids and a large cavity.

P OROS I T Y

PROPOGATION OF STRESS WAVE

WO O DP EC KER

Bird Skulls

Woodpecker’s bony layer has a relative porosity of

9.9+3.0%.

Abalone

Glass Sponge

The dimension of the keratin scales for the

Woodpecker in its keratin layer has a relative

woodpecker is 55 x 15 x 0.2 mm, and the aspect

waviness of

ratio of the width over the height is about

3.67.

The structural logic and its material efficiency were diagrammed to illustrate the core logic of a process in nature. In our case, the process to be studied was the woodpecker pecking the wood as it had direct relations with the evolution of the bird skull into a strong part of its body.

Various layers within the bird skull were studied from its precedents and then a comparative between the various precedents was done to arrive at some criteria to define the evolution of the bird skull.

The way that the keratin scales are arranged in a manner to prevent cracking of the layers.

The woodpecker’s beak is used for penetrating and grabbing food deep within a tree.

Part 1 In groups of four, we were assigned a specific biological example to be studied. In our case, it was the bird skull. The precedents were analysed to better understand how the bird skull underwent morphology and finally manifested itself in its strongest form in the woodpecker.

1.

Chicken’s beak has a relative waviness of

30 x 10 x 1 mm with an aspect ratio of the width over the height being about

3.

Stuti Ashu Aarushi PRIYA Khushboo

Toucan’s beak is used for crushing fruits.

Group

The dimension of the chicken’s keratin scale is

The dimension of the toucan’s keratin scale is 45 x 45 x1 mm having an aspect ratio of about 1.

BioMorph AA Visiting School Pune 2016 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/biomorphvs // Instagram: @aavs_biomorph Directors: Tejas Sidnal // Marco Corazza // Nicolas Cabargas Guest Tutors: Swapnil Gawande // Deva Prasad Students: Mandi Pretorius // Nidhi Mistry // Nikhil Bang // Ria Sheth // Shivang Bansal // Vaibhavi Jadhav

0.3.

Anahita HITESHE MRINAL Mihir Roshani Vinita

Toucan’s beak has a relative waviness of

0.05.

42.3+1.3%.

Toucan’s beak has a relative porosity of

61.5+2.0%

POROSITY

Group

Chicken’s beak is used for grabbing food from shallow sources.

SUTURE LINES

porosity of

OVERLAPS

VAIBHAVI Ria Nikhil Shivang Portfolio 2013-18 Nidhi Fig.4 Rickshaws in Pune Mandi

TOU CA N

Group

CHIC KEN

Chicken’s beak has a relative

The unit was then supposed to use one of those logics using bamboo and 3D printing to develop a material system.

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Biomimetics | Proliferations

Bird Skull Woodpecker

AA Visiting School BioMorph 2016

Focusing upon the porosity of these layers, this factor is incorporated into the development that is formed using this component, in different sizes of 1:4, 1:2 and 2:3, to achieve different layers of porosity.

Part 2

F ORCE DIS T RIBUT ION T HROUGH P OROS IT Y

The component derived, is abstracted from the force distribution that takes place in the bony and spongy layer inside the woodpecker ’s skull.

The main aim was to generate a component that is responsive to the different loads and external pressures when joined to more number of components.

Lattice Structure within the layers

Component

Branched network

Also, the aim was focused upon using as little material as possible, keeping the joineries in mind.

COMPONENT

1:3

1:2

2:3

COMPONENT

COMPONENT

COMPONENT

2

1 /3

1/ x 3 2/ x

2 /3

1/

3

x

x

1/

x

2

x

x

The second part of the workshop had to take the core principles of their natural precedent and develop a growth logic, which could be followed to create a dynamic spatial structure or a pavilion.

Models of relevant scales were developed in bamboo for the experimented proliferations. Three different solutions were tried and models were made for the same for testing.

x

PROLIFERATION OF DIF F E RE NT RANGE S

x

RULE SETS

05

x

CONSTRUCTION

FACES

RULE SET 01

ASSEMBLY PROGRESSION

ASSEMBLY PROGRESSION

JOINING LEG 3 TO THE NODE

ASSEMBLY PROGRESSION

Face A

Number of components : 7

Number of components : 5

Rule set

Rule set : 1A

: 1A

Number of components : 8 Rule set : 1A

Rule Sets For Faces : Limitations : Forms a closed geometry

Face D - Face A ( A ) Face D - Face B ( B ) Face D - Face C ( C )

RULE SET 02 JOINING LEG 2 TO THE NODE

Number of components : 16

Rule Sets For Faces :

GROWTH LOGIC

Number of components : 16 Rule set: 1A & 1B

Number of components : 16 Rule set: 1A & 1B

Rule set: 1A & 1B

GROWTH LOGIC

GROWTH LOGIC

Face D - Face A ( A ) Face D - Face B ( B ) Face D - Face C ( C )

CLOSURE

CLOSURE

RULE SET : FACE A

RULE SET : FACE A

CLOSURE RULE SET : FACE A

RULE SET 03

Further, growth logics were defined to these elements to arrive at various proliferations, after which we could control the growth of the system. Three different growth logics were defined for vertical growth, angular growth and closure. These were then tested using computational tools taught to us in the workshop to accelerate experiments.

Thereafter, low-tech assembly methods and highly industrialised methods like laser cutting and milling were used to develop prototypes for the joinery or fixing of multiple members in the system.

JOINING LEG 1 TO THE NODE

Rule Sets For Faces : Face D - Face A ( A ) Face D - Face B ( B ) Face D - Face C ( C )

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ANGULAR GROWTH

SLANTED GROWTH

ANGULAR GROWTH

LINEAR GROWTH

ANGULAR GROWTH

LINEAR GROWTH

RULE SET : FACE B

RULE SET :FACE C

RULE SET : FACE B

RULE SET : FACE C

RULE SET : FACE B

RULE SET : FACE C

PROLIFERATION USING MULTIPLE RULE SETS Varying the levels of porosity by creation of voids

Portfolio 2013-18

Rule Sets For Faces : Face D - Face A ( A )

Applying Growth Logics

Face D - Face B ( B ) Face D - Face C ( C )

LINEAR GROWTH ANGULAR GROWTH 05 AA Visiting School BioMorph 2016 RULE SET : FACE C RULE SET : FACE B

ANGULAR GROWTH

SLANTED GROWTH

ANGULAR GROWTH

LINEAR GROWTH

RULE SET : FACE B

RULE SET :FACE C

RULE SET : FACE B

RULE SET : FACE C

PROLIFERATION USING MULTIPLE RULE SETS Varying the levels of porosity by creation of voids

Number of components : 50

Number of components : 50

Rule set: 1 ( B-C-A-D )

Rule set: 1 ( A-C-B-D )

Number of components : 50 Rule set: 1 ( A-B-C-D )

NODE JOINT DETAIL

Number of components : 52 Rule set: 1 ( A-D-C-B )

ASSEMBLY USING TWO RANGES

6 m m Dia Predrilled & Threaded Sleeves 6 m m Dia Predrilled & Threaded Sleeves

Prefab Node Bolt Fixed Through Bamboo Lightweight Solidcore Joint Casing interlocked around bamboo and bolted through

Prefab Node Bolt Fixed Through Bamboo 50-55 m m Dia Bamboo Lightweight Solidcore Joint Casing J-Bolt Fixing 50-55 m m Dia Bamboo

2:3 C O m p O n E n t

1:3 C O m p O n E n t

No. of components 4

No. of components 5

2:3 C O m p O n E n t

1:3 C O m p O n E n t

FINAL ASSEMBLY Number of components : 202

BioMorph AA Visiting School Pune 2016 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/biomorphvs // Instagram: @aavs_biomorph

Directors: Tejas Sidnal // Marco Corazza Nicolas logics, Cabargasproliferations were developed using a combination of rule sets as defined before, to arrive at various iterations of the defined After developing and defining the //growth Guest Tutors: Swapnil Gawande // Deva Prasad module. to explore further, different elements were combined together to form proliferations. Translating the same idea into practicality, explorations were made Mandi Pretorius // Nidhi Mistry two // Nikhil Bang // Ria Sheth // Shivang Bansal // Students:Then, Vaibhavi Jadhav into bamboo joinery and the resolution of joints with more than two members intersecting at one point. In order to solve this, a node joint detail was worked out. A prototype of the same was made using 3D printing to check whether it worked or not.

Along with these explorations, the entire group built a full size double-curved bamboo covering in the plaza of the BNCA college, the venue of the visiting school. The joineries for the same had been tested by the tutors by developing a small scale prototype of the same before the workshop.

Portfolio 2013-18

33

hen started to work on the system structure, on which the mechanisms would act. shape of a fish scale was adapted into a simple four sided rhombus, which was Biomimicry | Semester 02 | Studio Exercise d as our module while creating our system.

06

{INTEGRATION OF FORM WITH SYSTEM

on A, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi

Anant Mital Yo Yo HK Singh

6

Pravar Gupta Shivang Bansal

Throughout nature, there are examples where a small entity or unit or relation is repeated a number of times to serve a particular purpose, whether it’s a flower petal, a leaf, a scale or a grain of sand.

Furthermore, these units or entities are found in various sizes in nature, albeit with minor changes in form and/or behavior or function. In addition, there is a definite geometry that exists in this arrangements of units or entities or in a relation.

Therefore, in other words, there exist scaled up and scaled down versions of these units or relations in nature.

Taking inspiration from the geometry of fish scales, along with their coupled characteristics of rigidity (as an individual component) and flexibility (as a system), we tried to develop similar systems.

We limited ourselves at first to devising a mechanism to apply pressure on, or transform a system, much like the breathing of a fish causes the system of scales to expand, or a porcupine raises it’s quills when provoked.

Mechanism to apply pressure to transform the system

34

ar Section A, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi

10

Anant Mital Yo Yo HK Singh

Pravar Gupta Shivang Bansal

Portfolio 2013-18

{FORM DEVELOPMENT

06

Biomimicry | Semester 02 | Studio Exercise

rhombuses having o types of systems-

{FORM DEV

for horizontal that ates areas for well surfaces ge etc, when The system primarily consists of a number of rhombuses having an elastic surface between them. There are two types of systems 1. An overlapping system of rhombuses that forms a matrix allowing light and air to pass trough them when actuated from behind, mechanically or pneumatically.

2. A system for horizontal surfaces that incorporates areas for sitting as well surfaces for storage etc, when actuated.

Anant Mital Pravar Gupta Yo Yo HK Singh Shivang9 Bansal Yo Yo HK Singh Shivang Bansal

Anant Mital New Delhi Pravar Gupta Year Section A, School of Planning and Architecture,

8

Portfolio 2013-18

Anant Mital Yo Yo HK Singh

Pravar Gupta Shivang Bansal 35

Experimental Housing Studio

07

EXPERIMENTAL HOUSING STUDIO MIXED-INCOME HOUSING NEW DELHI

Studio Brief & Row Housing Study | Experiment 01 Mixed-Income Affordable Housing Experimental Housing Studio Academic Project Fourth Year / Semester 07 / 2016 Individual Project Location : Dwarka, New Delhi, India Site Area : 30,697 sqm. (7.59 acres) Built up Area : Design-specific FAR : Design-specific

07

ROW HOUSING

The seventh semester design studio was about an investigation into mixed-income housing design. It dealt with various low-rise typologies and their positives and negatives.

SITE PLAN Low density as it is low-rise and the width of a single unit is 6.9 metres. The concept of providing notches and courtyards works much better from the point of view of light and ventilation in such units.

It started as an investigation into three housing typologies - row housing, cluster housing and walk-ups. What followed this was an analysis of the inferences from these experiments.

The density has great potential to be increased as expansion is easily possible by plugging in a staircase within, or even outside the unit. The shared open spaces are quite less as compared to the private open spaces. Shared spaces are often only footpaths and public parks.

Further, it translated into a design problem : a low-rise mixed-income housing in New Delhi.

TWO ACRE ROW HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

This studio was rather experimentative and dealt with looking for efficient housing solutions without compromising on the quality of life, rather than focussing on a single schema of design.

UNIT PLAN Portfolio 2013-18

Experimental Housing Studio

Site area : 8088.64 sqm.

Area under streets : 832.05 sqm. = 10.27 % Ground Coverage : 56.33 % Density : 38 Dwelling Units per Acre FAR : 56.33% Plot dimension: : 6900 mm x 14200 mm Plot area: : 97.98 sqm.

Built-up area: : 60.34 sqm.

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Cluster Housing | Experiment 02

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM 1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN 4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET 3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM 1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM DINING ROOM 4575 x 2560 MM

DINING ROOM 4575 x 2560 MM

LIVING ROOM 2660 x 3600 MM

DINING ROOM 4575 x 2560 MM

LIVING ROOM 2660 x 3600 MM

DINING ROOM 4575 x 2560 MM

LIVING ROOM 2660 x 3600 MM

TOILET 1650 x 2385 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3400 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3400 x 3300 MM

TOILET 1650 x 2385 MM

TOILET 1650 x 2385 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM 1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3400 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET BED ROOM 3400 x 3300 MM TOILET 1650 x 2385 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM 1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM 3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET 3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM 1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM 1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1650 x 2385 MM TOILET 3400 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1650 x 2385 MM TOILET

1650 x 2385 MM TOILET 3400 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3400 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

3400 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1650 x 2385 MM TOILET

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET 3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM 1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

2660 x 3600 MM LIVING ROOM

4575 x 2560 MM DINING ROOM

2660 x 3600 MM LIVING ROOM

4575 x 2560 MM DINING ROOM

2660 x 3600 MM LIVING ROOM

4575 x 2560 MM DINING ROOM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

2660 x 3600 MM LIVING ROOM

4575 x 2560 MM DINING ROOM

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET 3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM 1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM 1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET 3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM 3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN 5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

A drawback of this typology is that it is prone to territory issues among the residents.

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

Clusters have to be designed keeping in mind the daylight and ventilation of individual rooms and housing units.

TWO ACRE CLUSTER HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET 4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET 3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET 3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET 3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

SITE PLAN

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

Among the three experiments, the clusters had the most efficient open and shared green space. While the private open space in the clusters is usually limited to a backyard or a simple private garden, but the shared open space gives the opportunity for a living with a close-knit community.

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM 1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM 3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

1500 x 2270 MM TOILET

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM 1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING 2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET 4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM 1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

3300 x 3300 MM BED ROOM

1560 x 2285 MM TOILET

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING 2100 x 3000 MM KITCHEN

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM 3300 x 3000 MM BED ROOM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

07

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2270 MM

4800 x 2450 MM DINING ROOM KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM TOILET 1560 x 2285 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

BED ROOM 3300 x 3000 MM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

1800 x 2200 MM KITCHEN

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

3150 x 2200 MM LIVING ROOM

1500 x 2100 MM TOILET LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

LIVING ROOM 2660 x 3600 MM

38

Experimental Housing Studio

BED ROOM 3300 x 3300 MM

KITCHEN 2100 x 3000 MM

5060 x 3625 MM ROOM LIVING AND DINING

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

DINING ROOM 4800 x 2450 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

TOILET 1500 x 2100 MM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

KITCHEN 1800 x 2200 MM

LIVING ROOM 3150 x 2200 MM

LIVING AND DINING ROOM 5060 x 3625 MM

Site area : 8094 sqm.

Area under streets : 832.05 sqm. = 10.27 % Ground Coverage : 54.32 % Density : 40 Dwelling Units per Acre FAR : 54.32 % Portfolio 2013-18

Mixed Income Housing

Experimental Housing Studio

07

Walk-up housing provides for the greatest density among the three options.

Another benefit of the walk-up housing is that it is flexible and has potential for expansion.

However, expansion is not as easy in the case of cluster housing.

Overall, the three experiments have their own pros and cons and they befit different income groups. Further, we found out that the cluster housing is the most suited for the economically weaker section because they need shared community spaces. The shared spaces in the clusters, are not even visible from the outside, and therefore they don’t even mar the appearance of the housing.

For the middle income group (MIG), however, walkups are more suited because they have a certain degree of privacy and they require lifts above a certain heigh which the MIG can afford but the LIG and the EWS can’t.

Portfolio 2013-18

39

Mixed Income Housing

Experimental Housing Studio

07

DESIGN FEATURES - Linear, geometric planning AANGANWADI

- Amenability to expand vertically as well as horizontally without compromising on light and ventilation - Proportional green space to everyone - No conflict of territory, clear boundaries for individual unit as well as surrounding open spaces.

- Middle income group placed as a separate entity to avoid social conflict - Geometric planning advantages : - High density achievable without going too tall - Low ground coverage - Lesser area under circulation and pathways. Therefore, minimum compromise on the open green space.

SITE PLAN 40

Portfolio 2013-18

Mixed Income Housing

Experimental Housing Studio

07

SMALL SCALE SHOPS

GREENS | EWS

25 SQM UNITS

COMMON GREEN EWS AND LIG GREENS | LIG

45 SQM UNITS

GREENS | MIG

60-75 SQM UNITS SHOPS ON MAIN ROAD

ZONING EMPHASIS ON GREEN SPACE ABOUT 60 % AREA UNDER GREENS

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41

Settlement Intervention

Tribal Settlement Intevention | Pearsonpally, West Bengal

08

PROJECT ENHANCEMENT SOCIAL UPLIFTMENT CENTER SANTINIKETAN, WEST BENGAL 42

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Settlement Plan

w

w

08

Tribal Settlement Study | Pearsonpally, West Bengal

w

w

w

w

PEARSON PALLY SETTLEMENT PLAN SCALE 1:1500

y

1

5

10

25

50 METRES

SETTLEMENT MASTER PLAN Pearsonpally|33

The above plan is a studio work in a group of nine people. This was done over a period of three weeks - one week of site documentation, mapping and measurements. After the mapping and documentation, two weeks were spent on the analysis and the development of the above drawing. * The work is being published in a book called ‘Antardrishti’ - An Insight into the Architecture of the Tribals of West Bengal Portfolio 2013-18

43

Design Program

Social Upliftment Center, Santiniketan

08

Academic Project Second Year / Semester 04 / 2015 Individual Project Location : Village Pearsonpally, Bolpur, West Bengal Site Area : 8,000 sqm.

Built up Area : 1,000 sqm.

The intent of the intervention was to address the needs of the residents of the settlement and provide with opportunities for civic and economic development.

The program entails studios, where people of all ages, can be trained in pottery, weaving and dyeing. For economic growth of the vocational training center, there are galleries and there is an area dedicated to local shopping (Haat), where the works can be displayed and sold. Integrated in this space is an open air theatre, which can double up as a space for open workshops.

A banking facility with a community grain storage also forms a part of the complex. The bank shall cater to the economic needs of all the residents, and shall also provide them with money and equipment loans. There are grain silos, which shall store wheat and rice as a buffer for times of crisis. For the tourists and the visitors, there is an interpretation wall that speaks of the history of the settlement and the rich Santhali art and culture.

44

SECTION XX’

ELEVATION FROM THE ROAD-SIDE

SECTION YY’

The center, in a nutshell, aims to be the hub of the Santhali community where they can gather, learn, teach, discuss, work, engage with the city and do business together.

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Site Plan

Social Upliftment Center, Santiniketan

Fig. 1 : Drawing. Site Plan showing the arrangement of the spaces and how it sits subtlely in the setting.

08

SITE PLAN

The design of the Center is solely based on the idea of being with nature. The form is derived from curves and the governing site contours. The spaces are interlinked with

other and a simple level difference defines the extents of a particular space in the complex. There are two points of entries into the center, one from the village side RSON each PALLY

and the other one from the road side. The more public functions such as the cooperative bank and the silos are placed closer to the road, while spaes such as the pottery For the tourists and the visitors, there is an The Samajik Udhaar Kendra is the Centre there is an area dedicated to the Haat, where and weaving areas have been kept closer to the village. for Civic Emancipation. The intent of the the works can be displayed and sold. interpretation wall that speaks of the history Integrated in this space is an open air of the settlement and the rich Santhali art intervention was to address the needs of the Portfolio 2013-18 45 residents of the settlement and provide with theatre, which can double up as a space for and culture. opportunities for civic and economic open workshops. A banking facility with a development. community grain storage also forms a part The design of the Center is solely based on

Applying Lynch’s principles | Noida City

Urban Design Research

09 Edges

Paths

The city has defined exterior edges respect to the border that demarcat extent of the jurisdiction of ca certai building regulations, or lawful organ or authorisation, resulting in a stark difference in the texture, defined by network of paths and the influence o landmarks in the precinct.

The paths within Noida could be classified in broadly two ways. The first is the case when the origin and the destination are specific points of significance which makes it easier for the user to remember the path.

The second is the case when the paths are used by a to of people for movement though the city, either in a vehicle or on foot.

The river, further marks a potential e for development, presently restraine the government bye-laws for the flo zone along side the river.

At the city level, these paths are primarily the major connector roads between the various sectors in Noida. These paths are defined by the streets, walkways and the transit lines in the city. Being a modern city, the urban path network shows a strict focus on the vehicle for movement between various sectors and on the pedestrian for movement within the sector.

The predominant paths within the city are namely, the following : 1. The Noida Link Road - which leads from the Delhi border near New Ashok Nagar to the start of the Greater Noida Expressway.

2. The Amrapali Marg which connects Ghaziabad and the NH 24 to Noida 3. Dadri Road, another connection between Noida and Greater Noida, although narrower in width as compared to the other two.

4. The Udyog Marg which connects the DND Flyway to Noida.

Figure 1.5 : Paths at the macro level connecting Noida with outside places

Paths at the macro level connecting Noida with surrounding places

Figure 1.6 : Edges within the city at the urban level Edges within the city at the urban level

Paths Districts At the city level, these paths are primarily the major connector roads between the various sectors The districts, called asThese the sectors inpaths Noida, in Noida. are defined by the streets, walkways and the transit lines in the city. Being are clearly defined zones which are selfsufficient with the residential a modern city,districts the urban path network shows a strict focus on the vehicle for movement between having convenience stores, banks, clinics, various and recreation parks, sectors community facilities and on the pedestrian for movement within the sector. local markets.

These districts have certain sub-district Edges level nodes which have developed over time, and have been carefully earmarked The city has defined exterior edges with respect to the border that demarcates the extent of in the master plan of individual sectors too.

At the city level also, the commercial the jurisdiction of ca certain set of building regulations, or lawful organisation or authorisation, districts are also planned to optimise the footfall they witness and leadingdifference in the texture, defined by the network of paths and the influence of resulting in thea paths stark to the commercial districts have been landmarks planned accordingly. in the precinct. The river, further marks a potential edge for development, presently restrained by the government bye-laws for the floodplain zone along side the river.

`

Map showing the district planning in the city Figure 1.9 : Map showing the district planning in the city

46

Districts The districts, called as the sectors in Noida, are clearly defined zones which are self-sufficient with the residential districts having convenience stores, banks, clinics, recreation parks, community facilities and local markets. These districts have certain sub-district level nodes which have developed over time, and have been carefully earmarked in the master plan of individual sectors too. At the city level also, the commercial districts are also planned to optimise the footfall they witness.

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Applying Lynch’s principles | Noida City

Urban Design Research Movement nodes Certain nodes within the fabric of the city come out of where the nodes were planned in the initial master plan of the city.

Certain locations were earmarked for specified land use and these developments, over time, have led to the development of these nodes.

Delhi Border

Bus Terminal

Noida City Centre DND Entry

Botanical Garden Junction

Mahamaya Flyover Crossing

Figure 1.7 : Map showing the nodes at the macro level Map showing the nodes at the macro level

Sector 37 Junction

The city is dotted with junctions, which, since inception, function as movement nodes. Over the years, with the extension of the Metro and later, the real estate developments, has led to the development of new movement nodes, suggesting that nodal significance is a transient attribute at the urban city level.

It changes over time, with the development. The map on the left shows some major traffic junctions, metro stations and the bus terminal, which function as nodes for the city at the macro level.

09

Paths and sub-districts The fabric of the city is woven with a stratified network of paths that The fabric ofedges the city is woven with a and stratified defines the of the sub-districts, namely the different sectors abides of Noida. The paths can be broadly seen to be in a hierarchical network oflaidpaths that defines the edges of the manner on a somewhat grid-iron pattern with the hierarchy being defined by the road-widths. sub-districts, namely the different sectors and The paths, further, can be classified into arterial paths, connector paths abidesand offeeder Noida. paths which in turn form a network of paths as a layer Paths and sub-districts

governing or guiding the urban development in the city.

The defined paths become potent axes for urban development - the The paths be classified into paths, scale of can which is in proportion to the width or the Right ofarterial Way of the roads. connector paths and feeder paths which in turn form a network of paths as a layer governing or guiding the urban development in the city.

The defined paths become potent axes for urban development - the scale of which is in proportion to the width or the Right of Way of the roads.

Figure 1.10showing : Paths show a strict hierarchy in the road widths,in which further define edges ofwhich the sub-districts Paths strict hierarchy road widths, further defines edges of the sub-districts

Movement nodes Built Environment & Imageability Certain nodes within the fabric of the city come out of where the nodes were planned in the Developed initially with controlled building guidelines and systematic zoning, coupled with planned height initial master plan of the city. Certain locations were earmarked for specified land use and restrictions, Noida, until the 1990s was a city with designated residential and these developments, over time, have led to the development of these nodes. The city is dotted industrial belts with high imageability due to strategic planning of the right of with junctions, which, since inception, function as movement nodes. Over the years, with the ways. extension of the Metro and later, the real estate developments, has led to the development of However, the latest master plan, liberated the city from such height and new movement nodes, suggesting that nodal significance is a transient attribute at the urban single-use restrictions, allowing for highrise, mixed-use developments. Further, city level. the allowance of purchasable FAR and the provision for change of land use has changed the city drastically. With a

skyline developing at a rapid speed, the Built Environment & Imageability city is turning into a dense urban agglomeration. The changing FARs from Developed initially with controlled building guidelines and systematic zoning, coupled with the tune of 1.50 to a 3.00 or even a 4.00, the city, has resulted in large upcoming planned height restrictions, Noida, until the 1990s was a city with designated residential and mixed-use developments. industrial belts with high imageability due to strategic planning of the right of ways. However, What comes into question, however, is whether the city infrastructure can cater the latest master plan, liberated the city from such height and single-use restrictions, allowing to such loading on the land. For instance, Gurgaon is a similar case, and the for high-rise, mixed-use developments. urbanisation took a toll on the road and

Figure 1.4 : Multiple paths penetrating the edge of the city Multiple paths penetrating the edge of the city

Portfolio 2013-18

the public health infrastructure within the city. Similar high-rise and dense development is still under construction in Noida, and therefore, the sufficiency of the infrastructure to tackle such issues have not been foreseen at the moment.

Further, the allowance of purchasable FAR and the provision for change of land use has changed the city drastically. With a skyline developing at a rapid speed, the city is turning into a dense urban agglomeration.

47

SOCIAL LOGIC OF CITIES

SOCIAL LOGIC OF CITIES

DepthMap Analysis | Space Syntax | Noida Sector 18

VISUAL INTEGRATION

STEP DEPTH ANALYSIS

STEP DEPTH ANALYSIS

Integration decribes the average depth of a space to all other spaces in the system. The spaces of the system can be ranked from the most integrated to the most segregated.

Step depth measures from the root space, the number of steps required to reach all the other points in the space.

This Visual Graph analysis infroms us about the accessibility of the different spaces within the sector from the most important node within the sector.

It is most likely that the shops that are most easily accessible (blue to green colour) shall attract more people.

SOCIAL LOGIC OF CITIES

SOCIAL LOGIC OF CITIES

VISUAL MEAN DEPTH

GATE COUNTS GATE COUNTS

Visual mean depth describes how deep the space is visually.

Gate counts is a way of observing movement through a space.

The diagram on the right shows that the visual mean depth is not very deep as the spaces are well-connected visually.

The diagram on the right shows that the gate count is the maximum along the periphery of the sector. This result, however, seems to be skewed because the analysis is being done for the periphery of the sector.

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VISUAL INTEGRATION

For example, the axial roads (red and orange in colour) mark the highest level of integration within the sector and this integration fades away as one moves away from these two streets.

Therefore, these two streets are more integrated as compared to the rest of the sector.

VISUAL MEAN DEPTH

Urban Design Research

Portfolio 2013-18

View of slums in the first Masterplan of Delhi

Theory of Settlements

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While at one point, the MPD 1962 proposes slum clearance for acquisition of land, on the contrary, the document stresses on the need for a major effort to be made to improve the slums rather than demolition and redevelopment.

This shows a mixed stand on slums as per the MPD 1962.

It should be noted here that slums are not legalised entities as per the law. And further, slum improvement is in a way a step towards legalising slum areas, which have no building regulations over time.

The above recommendation ties up with Nabeel Hamdi’s idea of the importance of informality where the MPD recommends integration of the low income settlements with the larger neighbourhood where there is a social mix.

Additionally, the MPD doesn’t give any guidelines in particular for the low income group migrating to Delhi except for a lease-hold plotted model which in the long run, can be a development constraint for the city at large. Here, the MPD gives a clear intention of control over what is built to avoid the further development of new low income housing into slums.

Portfolio 2013-18

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City in Pieces | Eccentricities

AA Summer School, London | 2015

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City in Pieces was an interactive study of the eccentricities due to development in London.

Recently, there was extensive construction in London, due to the Olympics, and large areas were cleared out to give way for the infrastructure to come up. This led to a drastic change in the lifestyle of a significant amount of people living in the suburbs.

This studio was about mapping this change and coming up with an interactive urban toy that could in a way, be a satirical statement, on this change.

CITY IN PIECES AA SUMMER SCHOOL, LONDON 50

Portfolio 2013-18

City in Pieces | Eccentricities

AA Summer School, London | 2015

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Movement of the object

Exploded diagram of the Object of Imbalance

The studio was about mapping the eccentricities in London. The task was to explore Hackney Wick, a suburban area in London, and understand the impact on everyday life due to the building of the Olympic stadia.

Various stages in the development of the urban piece (The Object of Imbalance) in the AA Workshop and using it as an urban toy at Russell Square.

Portfolio 2013-18

The idea was to come up with an interactive urban piece, that would be a statement of this change. Interacting with architects at the AA, the studio was an informative exposure to another school of thought in design. From conceptualisation to designing, making prototypes for testing, and finally the fabrication of the piece and its installation at the site Russell Square was broadly what we did in this three week workshop.

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