2021 Under s t andi ngt heCi t y|
Ghat l odi ya, Ahmedabad | Po f ol i o
PUD21 321
‘ Decodi ngSenseofPl ace’ CaseofGhat l odi ya,Ahmedabad
Acknowl egment Iwoul dl i k et oex pr es smygr at i t udet owar dsCEPTUni ver s i t yandFacul t yofPl anni ngf or conduct i ngt he‘ Under s t andi ngt heCi t ySt udi o’asourf oundat i ons emes t er .Iam t hankf ul t o Pr of . Ar j unJos hi andacademi cas s oci at eSr eedevi Kur urwhohavebeencons t ant l yact i vei n i mpa i ngbes toft hei rknowl edgeands ki l l s .Ther es ear chpaper s ,t heor i esandt ool sof anal ys i ss har edbyt hem havehel pedmeconductobs er vat i onsasanur bani s t .
Pr ef ace Ci t i esar epl acespeopl echoosef orl i ve,wor kandpl ay .Al lci t i escompet eagai nsteach ot hert oa r actmaxi mum wor kf or ce and gr ow t hei reconomi es.However ,onl yt hose ci t i eso er i nga or dabl ehousi ngcondi t i ons,i ncr easi ngj obmar ket sande ect i vepubl i c spacesexpandwi t ht i me. Ahme sonesucht hr i vi ngci t yi nGuj ar at . Thedynami cpr ol eoft heci t yi nt er msof m dabadi gr owt handeconomi csi st her easoni ti sbeenchosenasanar eaofst udy .Thef oundat i on semest eratCEPTnamel y‘ Under st andi ngt heCi t ySt udi o’hel pedt r aver set hr ought he ci t yofAhmedabadandanal ysei t sur banf abr i ct hr oughvar i ousl enses. Thi snar r at i ve‘ Decodi ngSenseofPl ace,caseofGhat l odi ya’a empt st ounder st andt he ci t yt hr oughanar eaof1 sq. mr ef er r ed t oas‘ pr eci nct ’ .Thust hear eaofGhat l odi yai n west er nAhmedabad i sst udi ed.The i nf or mat i on i nt hi spo f ol i oi sgat her ed t hr ough qual i t at i veandquant i t at i vemet hodsbasedonpr i mar ysi t eobser vat i ons,document at i on, mappi ng,phot ogr aphsandi nt er act i onswi t ht hel ocalpeopl eofGhat l odi ya. Thear eaofGhat l odi yai sanal ysest hr ought hel ensofat heor y ,namel y ,‘ SenseofPl ace’ . Theevol ut i on,bui l tandunbui l tspaces,publ i car easandl i vel i hoodoft hepeopl ei sst udi ed t hr ought hi sl enswi t ht hr eemaj oraspect sofsenseofpl ace:Memor y ,Exper i enceand Soci alRel at i on.
Conceptof‘ SENSEOFPLACE’ asl ens
DECODI NG SENSEOFPLACE
Sens eofpl acei sas s oci at edwi t ht hes oci alenv i r onment alchar act er i s t i csofpl ace,al t hough r es i dent ’ sper cept i onsofi thav ebeenl i nk edt ophy s i calf eat ur esoft hebui l tenv i r onment .The meani ngst i edt opl acewer egr oundi nmemor y , exper i enceands oci al r el at i ons . ( Ky l eandChi ck , 2007) .
Thepo f ol i oa empt st oanal y s et het hr eef act or st hatf or m‘ Sens eofPl ace’t hr oughv ar i ous s t udi esconduct edaspa oft hes t udi oex er ci s esandi ndi v i dualndi ngs .
Themaj orel ement sofaci t y ' schar act ert hatanchort heci t y s capei npeopl e' smemor i esbegi n wi t ht hehi s t or i cal ev ol ut i onoft hatar ea. Thes ear ef u herr ei nf or cedwhenpeopl ecanas s oci at e wi t ht hatpl aceduet ot heas s et si thast oo er .Theper k scanbev ar y i ngs uchasa or dabl e hous i ng, j oboppo uni t i es , wel l connect edt r ans i t sandr ecr eat i onal s pacesf orpubl i ci nt er act i ons . Thequal i t yofexper i encesar es hapedi naccor dancet oconv eni enceofl i v el i hood.Out s i det he bui l tf or msoft heci t yl i est hepubl i cr eal m oft heci t y . Conv ent i onal l y ,t hecur at edpubl i cs paces s uchaspar k s ,gar densandwel lpl anneds t r eet sar econs i der edasbas i cneces s i t i est of or ma eofr el at i onwi t ht henei ghbor hood. Howev er , notal l ar easoft heci t yhav eacces st ot hes e s ens ameni t i es .Hence,i tbecomesi nt er es t i ngt oanal y s ehow t heunbui l tar easar er ei magi nedand moul dedi nt heabs enceoft hes epubl i cs paces .Thes eal t er at i onsmak et henei ghbour hoods cohes i v eandhel pr ei nf or cet hef eel i ngof‘ Sens eofPl ace’ .
caseofGhat l odi ya,Ahmedabad
y 1 .Memor -Ex pans i onoft heCi t yofAhmedabad -Cat al y s t soft r ans f or mat i on -I mpactoft heci t yonGhat l odi y a Met amor phos i sofGhat l odi y a I mageabi l i t yofGhat l odi y a Ur banAnal y s i s
2.Exper i ence -Peopl e’ sPer cept i ons -Jour neyt oar es i dent i al nei ghbor hood Jour neyofqual i t yofopens paces
3.Soci alRel at i ons -St r eet sasPubl i cSpace -Nat ur eoft hePubl i cReal m -T oas s embl e, t oopenup, t oi nt egr at e, t oi nv i t e
01
M E M O R Y Thehi s t or i cal ev ol ut i onoft heci t yhel psachi ev e s pecic i dent i t y .Same i st he cas e wi t ha nei ghbor hood. The i mpact of t he ci t y ’ s t r ans f or ma t i on on a s ubur bi st he f or emos t mi l es t onei nunder s t andi ngwhypeopl es el ed t her e and f el t a s ens e of pl ace
EXPANSI ONOFAHMEDABAD
I MPACTOFCI TYON GHATLODI YA
NE WJ UDG E ’ SB UNG A L O W
Ex pans i onofAhmedabad’ sCi t yl i mi t sov ert hey ear s
1 965Dpl i mi t
2002Dpl i mi t
2021Dpl i mi t
Spa t i al Ex t ent
Ci t yPopul a t i on
466s q. m
55. 7l ak hs
Popul a t i onDens i t y
T ot al Wor k er s ( Ci t y , Ur ban)
1 20PPH
t oHi g hC o u r t
MA HA R A NAP R A T A PR O A D
NE I YL WA L I A AR Y I D O L ND HA C
CHANAK YAPURI ROAD
Fr om f ar ml andst oa r es i dent i al s ubur b
OVER IFLY PUR AKYA CHAN
The ci t yofAhmedabad hasunder gone r api d gr owt hi nar adi al pa er nf r om t hebegi nni ngof t he 1 9t h cent ur y . Dev el opment s of r oad net wor k ss uchast he1 32 Ri ngr oad, t heSPr i ng r oad,and t he SG hi ghway hav el ed t ot he dev el opmentoft hes ubur bs .Ghat l odi y a,i sone s uchs ubur bt hatl i esi nt heno hwes t er ns i de ofAhmedabadt hathav eev ol v edasane ectof per i pher al dev el opment s .
G H A T L O D I Y A
I n uxofpopul at i onduet o f ai l ur eofgr eenbel t
t oc i t yc e n t r e
21 . 22l ak hs
Be erconnect i v i t y duet odev el opmentofSG hi ghwa yandSPr i ngr oad
CAT AL YSTSOFTRANSFORMATI ON 1 9001 960
Upt o1 900s
1 9601 990
1 9002020
INDUSTRIAL
PO LICY
INFRASTRUCTURE
Rapi dmi gr a t i onduet ot ex t i l emi l l sl ed t oex pandi ngoft heci t yt owar dst hem.
The i mpl ement at i on ofgr een bel tt ol i mi tur ban s pr awl i ncr eas edl andr a t esi ns i det hebel t .
A or dabl er a t esout s i degr eenbel tl edt or api dr es i dent i al , mi x edus eandr oadwa ydev el opment si nt hes ubur b.
1 9351 960
Gha t l odi y awask nownf ort heRabar i Communi t y , f ar mi ngbei ngt hei rmai n occupat i on.
1 9602002
METAMORPHOSI SOFGHATLODI YA Ghat l odi y a wi t nes s ed an ups ur ge i n demand f or r es i dencesf r om ear l y1 900sduet omi gr at i onofl abor Thi sl ed t o dev el oper s acqui r i ng t he f ar ml ands and conv ei ng t hem i nt or es i dent i alar eas t o pr ovi de a or dabl e hous i ng. Bet ween 2000 t o 2020, t he emer gence of r oadway s act ed as det er mi nant st o r el ocat epeopl et ot her es i dent i al s ubur bofGhat l odi y a.
URBANANAL YSI S ACCESS
6. 4s q. m f r om Ci t yCent r e
34. 9 km/ s q. km
I MAGEABI LI TYOFGHATLODI YA The i mage i sf or med due t ov ar i ousl andmar k sand nodes ,s uchas‘ Damr uCi r cl e’al ong wi t ht heact i v e s t r eetedges .Theno her npa i spr i mar i l yr es i dent i al , wher eas t he s out her n pa cons i s t s of mi x ed us e bui l di ngs .The Mahar anapr at ap r oad and Chank y apur i br i dge connectGhay l odi y at ot he 1 32 r i ng r oad.
St r eetdens i t y
24%
ar eaofpr eci ncti sunder r oads
Themaj oracces st ot hepr eci ncti s t hr ought heMahabhar at aRoadwhi ch connect st ot he1 32 r i ngr oad
The l ar ges tv acantl and i nt he pr eci ncti sunderI ndi anRai l way s andi si nacces s i bl e
URBANF ABRI C Popul at i oni n uxduet odev el opment out s i degr eenbel t . Far ml andswer e conv e edt ohous i ngcol oni es .
VACANT&OPENSPACES
VEGETATI ON
41 % Bui l t Di s t r i ct
20022020
1 1s q. m
Pat hway
Smal l es tF oot pr i nt Res i dent i al I nf or mal Sl ement
L andmar k s
1 01 0s q. m L ar ges tF oot pr i nt I ns t i t ut i onal
Edges RoadwayandRai l waydev el opment s gav er i s et ocommer ci al es t abl i s hment s .
Nodes
Thepr eci ncthaspr edomi nant l yhi gh dens i t yandmedi um dens i t ygr ai ns i z e. Thi si ndi cat est hatt hear eahashi gh demandofr es i dences .
Thepr eci ncthass hadedav enue t r eesons t r eet saswel l asal ong v acantpl ot s .
MEMORY
Thepol i cyr el a t edchangeswast hegov er ni ngf act ort ha ts hapedt hepr eci nctof Gha t l odi y aand hel pedpeopl eas s oci a t et ot hi spl ace.Oneoft hemos ti mpo ant bei ngt heGr eenBel tPol i cy . TheGr eenbel twasi nt r oducedi nTPi n1 965and f aced s ubs equentf ai l ur ei n1 987whi chr es ul t edi npeopl es el i ngi nGha t l odi y ai nl ar ge number s .
EXPERI ENCE
SOCI AL RELATI ON
Thes el ement swer ef or medasdier entmi gr antgr oupss el edi nhous i ngcol oni es cons i s t i ngofdet achedands emi det achedhous i ng. Themi gr antcommuni t i esal ong wi t ht he ex i s t i ng Rabaar icommuni t ys t a ed i nt er act i ons whi ch ga v er i s et o communall i v i ng.The bui l tf or m i nt he l a t ery ear sof1 960ss t r engt hened t he i nt er act i onswhi chhel pedpeopl ef eel a‘ s ens eofpl ace’ .
02 EXPERIEN C E The phy s i calf or m oft heci t y ’ sur banf abr i c i n uences t he l i v abi l i t y , a or dabi l i t y and per cept i onoft hepeopl e. Thi ss ect i ont r a v er s es t hr ough t he pr eci nctand under s t andst he des i r abi l i t yanda or dabi l i t yofl i v i ngpr ov i dedi n Gha t l odi y a.I tcapt ur esi t sj our neyofbei nga pr edomi nant l yr es i dent i al s ubur b. Thet heor yof ‘ s ens eofl i v i ng’ becomesques t i onabl eher edue t ot hel ackofopens pacea v ai l abl ei nGha t l odi y a whencompar edwi t hot herar easoft heci t y .
PEOPLE’ SPERCEPTI ONOFGHATLODI YA
Weal l pl ayi nt hear eai nourf r ont y ar d whi ch hasent r yt o al lourhous es . Bef or et hel ock downweus et opl a y onours chool gr oundwhi chi snear by . Wedonothav eanypar k sher eand ourmot her ss ayi ti ss a f et opl a yi nt he f r onty ar d.
Webel ongt ot heRabaar i communi t yandar enat i v et ot hi sar ea. Al ot haschangedi nt hepas t50y ear s . Ouroccupat i oni snomor ef ar mi ng andourances t r alhous eshav ebeenr ebui l t .Weal ls t i l lmeetev er y mor ni ngandev eni ngatt he‘ nuk k ads ’andchatov eracupofchai . Thoughourcommuni t yhasi t sr oot si nKut ch,t hi spl acef eel sl i k e home.
Myf a t hers hiedher ei nhi sear l y30’ st owor kasa cons t r uct i onl abor er . Ourf ami l ywaspr ov i dedwi t h at wor oom hous ebyt hebui l der .L a t erweadded anot her ooras t he f ami l y ex panded.Iha v e r ecent l ypur chas edas mal l 1r oom k i t chenher et o s t a mynew f ami l y .Iam wor k i ngasacabdr i v er andbuy i ngt hi shous ef el tl i k eana or dabl eopt i on ast hi snei ghbor hoodca t er st oal l ourdai l yneeds .
Myhus bandandIboughta2bhki nShay onaCi t yher e3 y ear sback . Bot hofuswor ki namedi ar mi nNav r angpur a andt r a v el t owor kbyours el fownedcar . Weal way swant ed ahous ei naga t eds oci et ywi t hal l bas i cameni t i esandwe gotone. TheBRTSs er v i cei snotnear bywhi chi souronl y concer n.Howev erwear ecomf o abl ewi t ht hi shous eof ourchoi ceasi twasa tana or dabl er a t e.
JOURNEYTOWARDSAPREDOMI NANTL YRESI DENTI ALNEI GHBORHOOD DETACHED 1 %
ROW HOUSE 37%
SEMI DETACHED 1 %
MI DRI SE i n2020 NONRESI DENTI AL 1 6%
APARTMENTS 45%
Si ngul arBl ocks
LOW RI SE i n1 980s
es oni ol C ng si Hou
RESI DENTI ALNONRESI DENTI AL
Cur r entL andus eMap
60%
Av er age Pr ope yPr i ce 65, 000r spers q. m
Res i dent i al
Res i dent i al
Rel i gi ous
Par k i ng
I ns t i t ut i onal
Publ i cUt i l i t y
T r ans po
Commer ci al
OpenSpaces
Vacant Roads
Sol a
50, 000/ -r spers q. m
Vi j aynagar
95, 000/ -r spers q. m
Navr angpur a 1 , 00, 000/ -r spers q. m
Thepa er n ofi ncr eas i ng l and v al uesf r om per i pher yt o cent ercan bes een i nAhmedabad. Ghat l odi y abei ngoneoft heemer gi ngs ubur bss howcas esa or dabl el andpr i cesandhencei sa gr owi ngr es i dent i al hub.
JOURNEYOFQUALI TYOFOPENSPACES GREENFI ELDS i n1 980s F ARMLANDS
GRAZI NG FI ELDS
PARKI NG
I NFORMAL SETTLEMENTS
ENCROACHMENTS
DUMPI NGAREAS
DEFUNCTLANDi n2021
Nol l i ’ sMap
Unbui l tl andandOwner s hi p
BUI L T
UNBUI L T
41 %
59%
PRI VATE
PRI VATE
79%
7 4%
PUBLI C
PUBLI C
26%
21 %
T r ans po 34% Vacant1 4%
Ghat l odi ya
Set back s1 0% Open1 %
Dudhes hwar
a ndunderpubl i cowner s hi pi sc on v e ed L andunderpubl i cowner s hi pi sl e una ended L n t or i v er on tpa r k s . Thuse v ent hought he whi chhascaus edi tt obeus edasdumpi ng i p e r c e n t a g e o f p u b l i c s p a c e i s s i mi l a r t o gr ounds , gr az i ng el dsorr es t r i ct edpl ot s . Thus Gha t l odi y a, t hepubl i copens pa c esa r eof publ i copens pacesar eofl owqual i t y
MEMORY
Theups ur gei ndemandf ora or dabl er es i dencesr es ul t edi nl ar gepar cel sofv acant l andbei ngoccupi edbyhous i ngcol oni esandi nf or mal s el ement s . Ther ewer el ar ge numberofdet achedands emidet achedhous i ngwi t houtcons ci ouspl anni ng.Asa r es ul t , qual i t yofopens pacess t a eddegr adi ng. Thear eaal s owi t nes s edi ncr eas ei n popul a t i ondens i t yes peci al l yal ongt her ai l wa yl i nes .
EXPERI ENCE
SOCI AL RELATI ON
Byt hel a t e2000st hepeopl eofGha t l odi y ahadv er yl es sacces st or ecr ea t i onal ar eas wher ei nt heycoul ds oci al i z e. Howev er , t hei mpl ement a t i onofTPs chemesl edt owi de a er i al s t r eet s . Peopl es t a edoccupy i ngar easout s i det hei rr es i dencest omeetand pl a y . Thewi des t r eet sga v et hem t hel i be yt ous et hem accor di ngt ot hedai l yneeds whi chga v ewa yt of or m a‘ s ens eofpl ace’ .
03 SOCI AL RELATI ONS Spacest oga t her , meetandpl a yf or mt hes pi ne ofanynei ghbor hood and mak esi tcohes i v e. Thes eact i v i t i esar econv ent i onal l yas s oci a t ed wi t h cur a t ed publ i cs paces s uch as par k s , gar densandpubl i cs paces . Howev er , i ncas eof Gha t l odi y at he s t r eet sactaspubl i cs paces . Ther ear edi v er s eact i v i t i eshappeni ngont he s t r eet st ha tnotonl yf ull lt heus erneedsbut al s oi ncr eas ess oci al i nt er act i ons . I nabs enceof f or mal ‘ Publ i cSpaces ’,i ti st hepubl i cr eal m of Gha t l odi y at ha thel pi n nu ur i nga‘ Sens eof pl ace’ .
STREETASPUBLI CSPACE Pr eci nctar eaunderr oads
2 4 % Thes ubs t ant i alamountofar eaunderr oads i ndi cat egoodconnect i v i t y
ARTERI ALROADS ROW v ar y i ngf r om 30m t o25m 5% oft ot al r oadnet wor k
Connect ednoder at i o
0 . 67 L i nknoder at i o 1 . 2 8 Thedens i t yoft henumberofnodesandt he
bl ock s conv ey st hatt he pr eci ncti s wel l connect edbyl ocal r oadsandpr omot esi nt er nei ghbor hoodmov ement
SUB-ARTERI AL ROADS ROW v ar y i ngf r om 1 8m t o1 0m 8% oft ot al r oadnet wor k
Roadswi t hf oot pat hs
2 % F oot pat hsar es eenonl yal ongt hea er i al and
s uba er i alr oads .Theabs enceoff oot pat h onmos toft heot herr oadnet wor ki ndi cat es t hatpedes t r i ans af et yi satr i s k . Thes t r eet sofGhat l odi y acat ert ov ar i ous needsoft her es i dent ss uchasmar k etar eas , s pacesorgat her , par k i ng, s t r eetv endi ngand pl ay i ng. Theus eofs t r eet sasapubl i cs pace enhancet hes ens eofpl ace.
FEEDERROADS ROW v ar y i ngf r om 8m t o3m 20% ofcol l ect orr oads 67% ofl ocal r oads
Thepeopl eofGhat l odi y amak eadapt i v eus eoft hes t r eet s i nor dert of ull lt hegapscr eat edbyabs enceoff or mal par k i ngs paces , v endi ngz onesandpl ayar eas .
Nat ur eofPUBLI CREALM i n Ghat l odi ya The Publ i c Real mi nGhat l odi y ai sanal y s ed bas edont het heor ygi v enbyJanGehl .The t heor ys t at est hatpubl i cs pacespr ov i dewi t h achoi cet oei t hercl os eoropenup, di s per s eor as s embl e, r epel or i nv i t e, i nt egr at e or s egr egat e.
T oDI SPERSEorASSEMBLE The Mahar ana Pr at ap St r eets er v es as a publ i cs pacewher epeopl eas s embl e, whi ch hel psi ndi v i dualel ement st os i mul at eeach ot her . Al l i ndi v i dual si r r es pect i v eofageand genderas s embl eont hi ss t r eet . DI SPERSE
ASSEMBLE
T oCL OSEorOPENUP The s t r eet pr ov i des many poi nt sf or per meabi l i t yt hushel pi nt oopenupi nt ot he publ i c r eal m. The di v er s e nat ur e of commer ci al s hopsands t r eetv endor si nv i t es mor eandmor epeopl et ot hes t r eet . CL OSE
OPEN
39
Ev eni ngs i ghtofMahar anaPr at apr oad
392
Poi nt sofper mi abi l i t y Shopf r ont s
Ga t es
Nodes
no. ofpeopl eona250m l ongs t r eet
Mal e
F emal e
Chi l dr en
T oREPELorI NVI TE
T oSEGREGATEorI NTEGRATE
Thedi v er s enat ur eofcommer ci al s hopsand s t r eetv endor si nv i t esmor eandmor epeopl e t ot he s t r eet .Ther e ar ev endor ss el l i ng v eget abl es ,f r ui t s ,t oy sandeat er i ess t al l s . Thi si nv i t esus er sf r om dier entagegr oups .
The r es i dencesand s hopsal ong s i de t he Mahar anapr at ap r oad hav e a di r ectv i s ual connectt ot hes t r eetwhi chhel psi nt egr at e t hepr i v at ebui l tf or mswi t ht hepubl i cr eal m.
REPEL
SEGREGATE
I NVI TE
I NTEGRATE
Pr es enceoft r eesandabs enceoff oot pat h gi v es pacet ov endoract i v i t y
Var i oust y pesofv endor sons t r eet Vendor sf or Veget abl es , f r ui t sand t eas t al l s( s t andi ng) T oyVendor s
Cl ot hVendor s Veget abl eand Fr ui tVendor s ( s ii ng)
Act i v eSt r eetedge Ey esons t r eet Act i v eandpor ousegde
Pr es enceoft hef encear oundt hecent r al l y l oca t eds t r uct ur emak esi tapor ousedget o s el l gar ment sf orcl ot hv endor s
MEMORY
Thej unct i onont hea er i al s t r eetofMahar anaPr a t apr oads howcas est hemax i mum numberofpubl i cact i v i t i eswher ei npeopl e" k now“oneanot heronl yi nt er msof occupa t i onal orot hernonper s onal i dent i t yca t egor i eshencef or mi ngaPubl i cReal m aspert heor ygi v enbyJanGehl .
EXPERI ENCE
SOCI AL RELATI ON
Thi sex ampl epr ompt s how s t r eet sofGha t l odi y af unct i onaspubl i cpl aces .The s t r eet sca t ert ov ar i ousneedsoft heus er s . St r eet sar epl aceswher epeopl emeet , ea t andpl a y . ThoughGha t l odi y al ack sacces st oopens pacest os oci al i z e, t hepubl i cr eal m hel psachi ev ea‘ Sens eofPl ace’
Concl us i on
Bi bl i ogr aphy
Ghat l odi y as er vesasape ectex ampl eofat hr i vi ngr es i dent i al nei ghbor hood.Decodi ngt hi s ar ea t hr ough t he l ens of‘ Sens e ofPl ace’hel ps us t r aver s et hr ough t he t angi bl e and nont angi bl eel ement st hats hapei t schar act er .Del ayer i ng t hepr eci nctt hr oughpeopl e’ s memor y ,per cept i ons ,ex per i encesands oci alr el at i onscl ear l ys howst hatt hear eapl aysa pr omi nentr ol ei na r act i ngpeopl et os el ei nGhat l odi y a.I tal s ohi ghl i ght st hei mpactofci t y l evelgr owt hi n changi ng t he s pat i alchar act erf r om f ar ml ands t o a dens er es i dent i al nei ghbouhood.
Adhv ar y u, B. ( 201 0, December21 ) . Anal y s i ngEv ol ut i onofUr banSpat i al St r uct ur e: ACas eSt udy of Ahmedabad, I ndi a h p: / / ci t es eer x . i s t . ps u. edu/ v i ewdoc/ downl oad? doi =1 0. 1 . 1 . 841 . 6602&r ep=r ep1 &t y pe=pdf
Thea or dabl ehous i ngchoi cesi nGhat l odi y ahavecaus edi ncr eas edr es i dent i al gr owt hi nt hi s ar ea.Thi sr api d ur bani z at i on oft he pr eci nctovert he year shasl ed t o an or gani c and unpl anneds t r eetnet wor k. Thes t udyoft hebui l tandunbui l thi ghl i ght showt hear eahasf ai l ed t opr ovi decur at edopens pacesandr ecr eat i onalameni t i est oi t sr es i dent s .However ,t he uni quenes soft hear eal i esi nhow t heus er shaver ei magi nedt heunpl anneds t r eetchar act er . Ther es i dent shavemadeadapt i veus eoft heavai l abl es t r eets pacewher es t r eet sf unct i onas meet i ngar eas , pl aygr oundsandmar k etpl acesatdier entt i mesoft hedayaspert heneedof t hecommuni t y .Thus ,t hear eai schar act er i z ed byaper meabl eand act i venei ghbor hood s t r engt heni ngt hef eel i ngof‘ s ens eofpl ace’ f ort hepeopl eofGhat l odi y a.
AhmedabadUr banDev el opmentAut hor i t y . ( 2021 ) . DPChapt er3. 2Zoni ngandDev el opment . h ps : / / go. i t dp. or g/ downl oad/ a achment s / 45449848/ AUDA%20DP%20Chapt er %203. 2%20 ZONI NG. pdf ? api =v 2
AhmedabadUr banDev el opmentAut hor i t y . ( 2021 ) . Ur banpl anni nganddev el opmentpr act i ces of Ahmedabad. h ps : / / www. auda. or g. i n/ upl oads / Ur banPl anni ngandDev el opment Pr act i ces of AUDA. pdf
Kadr i , M. ( 201 0, Apr i l ) . Peopl e’ sWay : Ur banMobi l i t yi nAhmedabad. Pl aces . h ps : / / pl aces j our nal . or g/ ai cl e/ peopl es way ur banmobi l i t y i nahmedabad/ ? cnr el oaded=1 Kul deep, P . ( 201 3, Oct ober1 9) . T ownpl anni ngs chemesf orgr eenbel tz onecl ear ed. TheTi mesOf I ndi a. h ps : / / t i mes o ndi a. i ndi at i mes . com/ ci t y / ahmedabad/ t ownpl anni ngs chemes f or gr eenbel t z one-cl ear ed/ ai cl es how/ 243551 69 . cms Smi a, S. ( 1 988) . Res i dent i al Pa er nofSubur bs . ConceptPubl i s hi ngCompany . mt h ps : / / book s . googl e. co. i n/ book s ? i d=_ e1NWNf 7 AC&pr i nt s ec=f r ont cov er &s our ce=gbs ge_ s ummar y _ r &cad=0#v =onepage&q&f =f al s e H. Far k i s ch, A. I CheAni , V. Ahmadi , M. Sur at , M. M. T ahi r( 201 1 ) . Sens eofCommuni t yThr ough Nei ghbor hoodCent er . h p: / / j our nal ai cl e. uk m. my / 3564/ 1 / v ol ume04paper 03. pdf