Treasure and World Coin Auction # 7

Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC

TREASURE AUCTION #7 Session I: Wednesday, April 7, 2010, 2:00 pm EDT Gold coins, shipwreck ingots and coins

Session II: Thursday, April 8, 2010, 2:00 pm EDT Silver cobs, world silver coins up to Mexico

Session III: Friday, April 9, 2010, 2:00 pm EDT World silver starting with Mexico, artifacts, documents, books Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC P.O. Box 1964 Winter Park, FL 32790 U.S.A. (407) 975-3325 • Fax (407) 975-3327 www.SedwickCoins.com

Live bidding at www.iCollector.com/Sedwick Auction and catalog production by:

Dan Sedwick, Augi García, and Cori Sedwick Downing Daniel Frank Sedwick, licensed Florida auctioneer #AU3635, AB2592

© All images and text are copyright of Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC, 2010. All rights reserved.

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TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1)

Each lot will be sold to the highest bidder unless the reserve or starting price is not met. Bids may be submitted in person or by mail, telephone, fax, email, or live on the Internet until each lot is closed during the live session. All bids must be received before the auction session begins. Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC (hereinafter referred to as the Auctioneer) or any of its employees individually cannot be responsible for errors in bidding or the loss or delay of any bids that do not reach us by the closing date and time, or for any technical glitches that prevent internet bids from being executed.

All bids are in U.S. dollars.

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Winning bids will be reduced automatically by the iCollector platform to the next increment above the second-highest bid. In the case of tie bids, the earliest bidder will win the lot. Bidders are advised to provide allowable percentage increases to avoid losing lots due to a tie.

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A winning bid is considered a formal contract between the buyer and the consignor. The winning bidder, even if acting as an agent for someone else, is considered the buyer, and, by submitting his bid, agrees to purchase the lot(s) he has won and to pay the Buyer’s Premium and any shipping costs, sales tax, bank-wire fees, customs duties, or other surcharges involved in delivering the lot(s) to the buyer. Certain lots (particularly artifacts) may require special packaging and handling, for which a surcharge will be levied. In some special cases delivery may be arranged directly between the consignor and the buyer, at the buyer’s cost. At no time shall the buyer have any legal recourse against the consignor for any reason. Winning bidders will be notified as soon as possible after the sale with an invoice reflecting the total amount due and shall remit payment within two weeks of notification or within one month of the date of the first session of the auction, whichever is sooner. Winning bidders who do not receive notification for whatever reason are NOT released from their obligation to pay on time. If payment has not been received within these terms, the Auctioneer reserves the right to sell the lot(s) to any under-bidders for their lower bid amounts. Title to each lot does not pass until the item has been paid in full. Any late payments (one month past invoice date) will be assessed an accrued interest charge of 1½% per month.

4)

Unless other arrangements are made, all lots will be sent to winning bidders via U.S. Mail when the invoice has been paid in full. All domestic shipments will carry full insurance, but foreign shipments are made at the buyer’s risk (insurance available in some cases). Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC is responsible for loss or damage to lots only up until they are received at the address to which they are sent; any transshipment from there is the buyer’s responsibility alone. Generally, lots will be shipped in the order in which they are paid.

5)

A Buyer’s Premium of 18% will be added to the winning bid for the total purchase price before any applicable tax or surcharges. Winning bidders who pay by cash, check, money order, wire transfer or direct deposit are eligible for a reduction of the Buyer’s Premium by 3% (net 15%).

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Acceptable forms of payment are cash, check, money order, wire transfer, direct deposit, PayPal, Visa/MC, American Express and Discover. All payments by check or money order should be made payable to Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC. Payments by PayPal should be made to auction@sedwickcoins.com. All payments shall be in U.S. dollars drawn on a U.S. bank. Please contact us for instructions for wire-transfer payments, for which bank charges may be necessarily added to the amount to be paid, generally depending on the country from which the wire originates.

7)

New bidders who do not have established credit with us must supply commercial references in the numismatic field and/or a 25% deposit. Credit cards are acceptable in lieu of a deposit. If your bids are unsuccessful, your deposit will be refunded, but if you are a winning bidder, your deposit will be applied to your purchase unless other arrangements are made. Any bidders with an overdue balance with Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC must complete payment of their previous balance before their bids will be accepted.

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8)

You may opt for “either/or” and/or “total budget” bids on your bid sheet. “Either/or” bids are used when you want just one (or whatever number you specify) of two or more lots but it does not matter which of those lots you get. “Total budget” bids are used when you are bidding on more lots than you expect to win and do not wish to spend more than a specified amount. Both options are subject to a minimum of $5,000 total in bids and “either/or” bids are additionally subject to a minimum of $100 per lot (below that, bidders should bid live on the Internet instead). These options are not available for bids submitted via iCollector (either live or by proxy).

9)

Most lots are unreserved, but some lots do have a reserve or minimum bid assigned by the consignor. Any reserve will generally be at or below the stated low estimate and starting price. All estimates are given in U.S. dollars.

10)

As an active dealer, Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC is able to estimate a reasonably low wholesale level for each lot and reserves the right to reject any bids below this level (generally at least 70% of low estimate). Furthermore we reserve the right to reject any bids that we have reason to believe are not submitted in good faith. Starting bids are provided on iCollector when the auction is published, and bids below those starting bids cannot be entered. Prices realized do not necessarily reflect accurate market values so much as what the high bidder is willing to pay based on his own needs.

11)

All items are guaranteed genuine and as described. Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC does NOT guarantee that any lots can be successfully encapsulated. Auctions are NOT approval sales, and therefore returns will NOT be accepted UNLESS there was an error in the listing. Note that grading and estimation of corrosion are subjective and differences of opinion cannot be considered errors. Lots encapsulated by PCGS, NGC or any other third-party company may not be returned for any reason. Disputes as to authenticity shall be resolved by submission to PCGS or NGC, and if their determination is inconclusive, then the opinion of Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC shall stand. Any disputes, including proposed returns, must be brought to our attention no later than 2 days after receipt of the lot(s) by the buyer and BEFORE return shipment to us, with any applicable refunds to be made immediately upon receipt of the returned item(s) by us. All returns must be received by us in unaltered condition and in their original, unopened, sealed flips no later than one month after the date of the first auction session (note that late remittance, therefore, can negate return privileges). Any refunds for returns paid for by credit card will be subject to a 3% return fee.

12)

Lots may be inspected at our private office in Winter Park by appointment only during our office hours of Monday through Friday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. High-quality photos of all items are viewable on our website and on iCollector 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. All photographs in the catalog and online are of the actual lots being sold but may not be actual size or to scale. Color and brightness of online photos may vary according to your monitor and video-card specifications.

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For any won lots that are sent to a Florida address, Florida sales tax (6% to 7.5%, depending on your county) will be added to all purchases of items that are NOT coins or bullion. Coins and bullion are also taxed if the total coin and/or bullion purchase is less than $500.

14)

All bidders and consignors acknowledge and agree that the Auctioneer (Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC) does NOT guarantee that auctions will be unimpaired, uninterrupted or error-free and accordingly shall not be liable for such eventualities.

Any errors in the printed catalog will be rectified on the website and iCollector as they come to our attention, and those corrected listings shall be deemed the binding descriptions at the time of the auction. The Auctioneer in its sole and absolute discretion may accept or decline any bid, remove bids and reopen bidding, withdraw lots, or change lot sequence or bidding increments at any time, even after the winning bid and winning bidder have been announced. Any bidding disputes shall be adjudicated by the Auctioneer, whose decision shall be deemed binding and final.

15)

This auction is conducted in accordance with the auction laws of the State of Florida. The licensed auctioneer is Daniel Frank Sedwick, AU#3635, AB#2592. Any legal disputes regarding this auction shall be resolved through the courts of Orange County in the State of Florida.

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ORDER OF SALE Section Lots Pages Consignors’ biographies .................................................................................................. 8-11 Shipwreck histories .......................................................................................................... 12-22 SESSION I: Wednesday, April 7, 2:00 pm EDT Gold cobs by mint .................................................................................... 1-39................23-33 World gold coins by country .................................................................... 40-141 ............33-45 Shipwreck ingots and bullion .................................................................. 142-175 ..........46-58 Shipwreck silver coins (chronologically by wreck) ................................. 176-699 ..........59-150 SESSION II: Thursday, April 8, 2:00 pm EDT Silver cobs of Mexico ............................................................................... 700-912 ..........151-178 Silver cobs of Lima, Peru ......................................................................... 913-983 ..........178-187 Silver cobs of Potosí, Bolivia ................................................................... 984-1131 .........187-205 Other silver cobs by country .................................................................... 1132-1202 ....... 106-220 World silver coins by country up to Mexico ............................................ 1203-1451 ....... 221-251 SESSION III: Friday, April 9, 2:00 p.m. EDT World silver coins by country starting with Mexico ................................ 1452-1797 ....... 252-298 Medals and tokens ................................................................................... 1798-1822 ....... 298-303 Paper money ............................................................................................. 1823-1833 ....... 304-306 Stamps ...................................................................................................... 1834-1844 ....... 306-308 Shipwreck artifacts ................................................................................... 1845-1969 ....... 309-328 Non-wreck artifacts: Arms/armor/militaria ............................................................................. 1970-1989 ....... 328-331 Jewelry/religious ...................................................................................... 1990-1997 ....... 331-332 Miscellaneous ........................................................................................... 1998-2010 ....... 332-334 Natural history ......................................................................................... 2011-2015 ....... 335 Documents: Engravings ............................................................................................... 2016-2030 ...... 335-338 Manuscripts .............................................................................................. 2031-2046 ...... 338-341 Historic maps ........................................................................................... 2047-2051 ...... 341-342 Miscellaneous documents ........................................................................ 2052-2062 ...... 342-344 Artwork: Painting .................................................................................................... 2063 ...............345 Posters ...................................................................................................... 2064-2066 ...... 345 Prints ........................................................................................................ 2067-2068 ...... 345 Media: Books ........................................................................................................ 2069-2118 ....... 346-348 Magazines ................................................................................................ 2119-2123 ....... 349 Auction catalogs ....................................................................................... 2124-2159 ....... 349-351 Special final lot for charity ....................................................................... 2160 ...............352 5

A note about the order: As the world’s leading purveyors of New World cobs and shipwreck coins, we have always separated and highlighted our cob and shipwreck offerings from the rest of what we sell. We have preserved that arrangement in our auctions as well, with cobs presented in order of establishment of each mint (the rare and unusual mints at the end) and the shipwreck coins, ingots and artifacts presented in chronological order by wreck.

REFERENCES CITED Where possible, in the description for each lot we supply one or more numbers in reference to acknowledged publications in the field.

References used in this catalog include the following: CT = Calicó’s Numismática española (2008), formerly by Calicó and Trigo (nine previous editions).

KM = Krause-Mishler’s Standard Catalog of World Coins, various editions, including Spain, Portugal and the New World.

R = Restrepo’s Monedas de Colombia, 1619-2006, second edition (2006).

Sed = Sedwick’s The Practical Book of Cobs, fourth edition (2007).

S = Spink’s (formerly Seaby’s) Coins of England and the United Kingdom, forty-first edition (2006).

Other references mentioned include: Betts’ American Colonial History Illustrated by Contemporary Medals (1894); Calbetó’s Compendium VIII Reales (1970); Estrella’s Monedas dominicanas (1979); Gilboy’s The Columnarios of Central and South America (1999); Grove’s Medals of Mexico, Volumes 1 and 2 (1970, 1972); Lázaro’s Los Redondos de Lima, Mejico y Potosí y otras acuñaciones especiales (1996); Pradeau’s Numismatic History of Mexico (1938); Proctor’s The Forgotten Mint of Colonial Panama (2005); and Sellschopp’s Las acuñaciones de las cecas de Lima, La Plata y Potosí (1971).

COIN GRADING and DESCRIPTIVE TERMS From best to worst, UNC is Uncirculated, AU is Almost Uncirculated, XF is Extra Fine, VF is Very Fine, F is Fine, VG is Very Good, and G is Good, with Fair and Poor below that. (“About” or “A” means the coin is just shy of the indicated grade. Mint State refers to lustrous, choice UNC coins.) We do not always assign numismatic grades to sea-salvage and land-burial coins, which were usually Uncirculated (or close to it) before the effects of corrosion and/or cleaning. Corrosion is usually assessed, from least to most, as follows: none, minimal, light, moderate, and heavy. Also note that we sometimes use the abbreviations E for escudos and R for reales in the listings for Spanish and Spanish colonial items.

BOOK GRADING and TERMS We use several standard terms in our book descriptions, as follows: HB or HC = Hardbound (hard cover) SC = Soft cover DJ = Dust jacket ed = Edition (or editor) pp = Pages ex-lib = Ex-library (with stampings and/or card-holders pasted in) Our book grading is very similar to the coin grades above, with top condition indicated as Mint or Near Mint, then Very Fine (VF) for not new but unread (or very slightly read) condition, then Fine (F) for slightly used, Very Good (VG) for moderately used, and Good (G) for well-used condition (with Fair and Poor below that). Any significant damage is separately noted, as opposed to including it in the grade.

A NOTE ABOUT PHOTOS Coin photos in this catalog are generally shown at actual size, with the exception of large lots, which are often reduced, as are most medals, paper money, artifacts, documents, artwork and media. Photos of coins in the most recent NGC capsules have four white intrusions into the rims of the coins due to a special design meant to enable viewing of the edges of those coins.

We encourage bidders to examine lots in person at our premises in Winter Park, Florida. (by appointment only) 6

TREASURE AUCTION #7 in three sessions, Wednesday-Friday, April 7-9, 2010 As usual our latest Treasure Auction is full of surprises, but this time we feel it is also very well balanced across many fields, with more general world coins than ever before. Here are some highlights: In great deference to the Sedwick patriarch, for the first time ever we are offering selections from the Frank Sedwick study collection of 1715-Fleet gold cobs, including plate coins from past editions of the Practical Book of Cobs and other pieces never seen or offered for sale, coins that the pioneering “Dr. Cobs” kept as the best examples among thousands that passed through his hands. The unique opportunity to own a “Frank Sedwick” specimen will start in this auction with just two 1715-Fleet masterpieces: The finest-known Lima 4 escudos 1711 and one of the best Lima 8 escudos 1712 ever offered.

In the same category of quality as Frank Sedwick’s 1715-Fleet gold cobs is a choice Cuzco cob 2 escudos 1698, a plate coin in Marty Meylach’s classic book Diving to a Flash of Gold.

But perhaps most intriguing in the gold cobs this time is a 1715-Fleet Mexican 1 escudo that was flown aboard Apollo 14 in 1971, the only one of its kind. Before this specially engraved coin came to us, we had no idea that the Apollo astronauts included genuine shipwreck treasure in their “flown” souvenirs on their trips to the moon, but apparently the link between NASA and the Real Eight Co. was more than just geographic. We have come to understand that medallions made of 1715-Fleet silver flown to the moon are very hot with space collectors, who will no doubt go crazy for this genuine coin as well, but perhaps the treasure collectors will win out in the end.

Highlights in shipwreck silver coins include large offerings of lion daalders from the Campen (1627), Potosí cobs from the Consolación (1681) and the Boticaria site of the 1681 Fleet off Panama (first-ever offering, also with some artifacts, with updated history), and hundreds of choice (and some interestingly shaped) 1715-Fleet Mexican cobs from the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight Co. conservator), as well as hundreds of Mexican cobs from the Rooswijk (1739). The Goodpaster collection in particular will be fun to watch, as nothing is hotter today than Fleet silver cobs!

In the non-wreck cobs sections we feature the John Pullin collection of over 150 choice, dated Mexican silver cobs, in addition to Part II of the Mark Bir collection of cobs from Mexico, Lima and Potosi. Also highlighted are the mints of Panama and Santo Domingo, as we feature several Santo Domingo SILVER and copper coins of Charles-Joanna AND Philip II (yes, you read that right) in addition to THREE Panamanian silver cobs (half, 1 and 2 reales), following the record-setting prices for such coins in our last sale. Our Spain-cobs section has an abundance of Ferdinand-Isabel coins in all denominations, including a set once featured in the PLVS VLTRA newsletter. One last surprise: the Louis Hudson collection of zoomorphic cobs.

You won’t want to miss it!

The world silver coins section this time is massive, featuring the John Pullin collection of Mexican War for Independence silver coins (just in time for this year’s Bicentennial of Mexican Independence), Mark Bir’s milled Spanish colonial coins (various mints) and a HUGE section on all periods of Venezuelan coins (over 100 coins), in addition to many other Latin American countries.

Before we get to the artifacts, let’s just say there is a wealth of gold and silver (and even copper) shipwreck ingots too, both Spanish and Dutch (VOC), including the world’s ONLY gold-bar clump! This museum-piece features twin, complete bars (each over 1 kilogram and 10+” long) fused in near parallel by white coral, just the way they were found on the “Golden Fleece wreck” of ca. 1550.

And then our trademark and exclusive, shipwreck artifacts: This time we will have a genuine bronze astrolabe, the most complete and intact one we have ever handled, fully dated 1656 and well detailed, solid and stable, alidade intact, one of fewer than 80 pieces known and among the best from any wreck. We are also showcasing the famous gold box from the ca.1810 “Coconut wreck,” the single most important item found in this deep-water salvage venture, as it contained 13 gold coins (a Spanish dowry known as an arras) wrapped in an 1809 newspaper talking about sales of slaves… and yes, the intact newspaper comes with it! There is also a genuine gold chain and massive silver candlestick from the Atocha, emeralds from many different wrecks, swords, flintlocks, and much, much more.

It’s over a million dollars’ worth of treasure all in one place, and any part of it can be yours for the high bid… we wish everyone good luck and happy hunting!

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CONSIGNORS’ BIOGRAPHIES

John Pullin John’s passion for collecting Spanish American coins began in 1957 at age ten, when the Hardy Boys book Secret of the Tower Treasure planted the seed in his young mind. His father had a copy of J. Frank Dobie’s book Coronado’s Children (about buried treasure) on his library shelf, which John read and re-read. John’s older brother also had a passion for treasure and bought an illustrated pulp book covering lost treasure, including a section on Robert Marx and his Florida shipwreck discoveries. The illustrations of treasure coins in that book were John’s first visual exposure to what would become a lifelong pursuit of collecting coins. In John’s words, “once I read it, I was hooked.”

In 1965 the bug bit even deeper with the National Geographic article about Kip Wagner and the “Drowned Galleons.” John subsequently purchased a first-edition Pieces of Eight book by Wagner, which fed his fascination with coins. He also made a trip to the Smithsonian in the early 1970s to see some of the gold doubloons recovered from the 1715 Fleet. There he stood agape, looking and dreaming: These were the real thing!

As a broke college student, John saw his first “pillar” coin in a shop in South Orange, NJ, a Mexican 2 reales, heavily corroded, dated 1741. For the grand sum of $1, he started his collection. John’s second purchase was a 1715-Fleet 8 reales from the famous Schulman auction of November, 1972—his first piece of eight! He still owns both of those coins, the 8R now as black as coal. Gradually, as he paid off the debts of his undergraduate and law-school education, John began to collect in earnest. His focus was Spanish colonial only, Potosí cobs and Mexico City cobs, pillars and busts. Some of the many dealer names on his coin flip inserts include past and present heavyweights from the 1970s forward, like X. & F. Calicó, Dr. George Vogt, Pat Johnson, Henry Christensen, Douglas Weaver, Almanzar’s, C.E. Bulowa, Richard Long, Louis Collins, Freeman Craig, Bowers and Ruddy, Mike Dunigan, Louis Hudson, Ponterio & Associates, Paul Karon, Paul Brombal, and many others. John retained all the old catalogs and purchase receipts and still sneezes from the moldy paper every time he opens the boxes!

Eventually John’s collections became extensive, and now, after retiring from decades in sales and marketing in the furniture industry, he is in the continuing process of thinning down and concentrating his collecting interests. That said, his current numismatic collecting passions are the same as when he first began, namely treasure coins, specifically from the 1715 Fleet and the Atocha (1622). In John’s words: “As collectors we are merely students and custodians of these historical objects; there comes a time when the coins must change hands.”

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Estate of Karl H. Goodpaster

In this auction we present hundreds of 1715-Fleet silver cobs from the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster, a conservator for the Real Eight Co. in the early 1960s, when some of their first finds were made. Like many of the Real Eight people, Karl worked for NASA (safety engineer in the Launch Support division) and hunted for treasure in his off hours. While we do not know much about Karl’s official role with Real Eight, we do know that he devised their coincleaning techniques and also did some early marketing and promotion.

When the first finds were made on the 1715 Fleet, the salvagers had little idea as to how to clean and preserve the coins and artifacts, but Karl came along with a proprietary technique and chemical formula. While we do not know what his formula was exactly, we can tell you that the coins in his estate demonstrate some skill, as almost all of them show a lovely “gunmetal” toning, kind of a chrome color, dark but shiny at the same time, that is rarely seen but highly sought today. It appears Karl also had the “pick of the litter” in terms of quality of coins to start with, as every coin in his estate is full weight (or nearly so) and uncorroded, with a preponderance of visible mintmarks, assayers, denominations and even partial dates, not to mention interesting planchet shapes. Perhaps he acquired an entire chest and cleaned it all himself. Whatever the situation, the fact is that fresh offerings of choice coins with early Real Eight connections like this do not come around often any more, and the popularity for such coins has skyrocketed in recent years.

Mr. Goodpaster’s documents also reveal his role in early marketing and promotion, as he went to New York to check out Stack’s and Schulman (the latter of whom eventually held one of the most important 1715-Fleet auctions of all time) and some private dealers, most of whom told him that nobody cared about cobs at that time. After that, naturally his next stop was jewelers closer to home, but unfortunately we do not have any further connection between him and the marketing efforts.

The documents in Karl’s estate also show that he contacted the State of Florida on his own behalf for the rights to a 1715-Fleet site within one of Real Eight’s lease areas. Karl had found some coins “on the beach” (including what has to be the world’s finest Mexican 8 reales 1702) and wanted to do his own salvaging; it is unclear as to whether he was still involved with Real Eight at this point. As we have seen time and again, when you get into the real “behind the scenes” aspect of treasure hunting, you tend to see some real drama!

Above it all, it is clear that Karl had a genuine passion for the 1715 Fleet. Among his non-coin possessions offered here is a slide show with notes that he used for talks and demonstrations. He was very organized and meticulous, and his slides include some incredible specimens, like a 1714 Royal 8 escudos. You can almost relive his presentation today from what he left behind.

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Mark Bir (1961-2009) Conspicuously absent from the Chicago International Coin Fair last year was world-coins dealer Mark Bir. Unbeknownst to his colleagues, Mark had suffered a heart attack just prior to the show, not long after completing a favorable “pre-show” coin deal.

Sad as we all are to lose a colleague, let alone one who was so honest and likeable, at least we know Mark died doing what he loved.

Born in Indiana, Mark reportedly swallowed a penny when he was very young and launched a lifelong attachment to numismatics.

While he was still young, Mark’s family moved to Tucson, Arizona, where he began attending the local annual coin show there from age seven. At age 14 Mark earned a scholarship for a free coingrading class through the ANA in Colorado Springs. Shortly after graduation from high school, Mark set up his first dealer’s table and began his professional career in numismatics. Soon he became an acknowledged expert in the challenging field of Mexican cobs and other Spanish colonial coins, as well as anything odd and curious, particularly primitive African money. He was also a skilled visual artist and vocalist in his parish choir.

As a full-time coin dealer, Mark had a unique advantage in putting together his own type collection of Spanish colonial coins, which he later focused into cob 1 and 2 reales by date. Quietly and modestly, Mark assembled one of the best and largest silver cob collections we have ever seen, which we had no choice but to split into two auctions, starting with our Treasure Auction #6 in October 2009 and continuing (along with other Spanish colonial issues) with the present auction. Almost all his coins, whose pedigree is clearly indicated in our listings, reflect Mark’s keen eye for detail.

Mark’s greatest asset, however, was his big heart. Mark was always there to lend a hand to those in need, ranging from donations to odd jobs, expert advice or just a compassionate ear. Most of Mark’s charity work was through the Catholic Church, specifically the Society of St. Vincent de Paul in Tucson. Back in numismatics, Mark’s reserved but cheerful spirit earned him the title of Sir Mark of the Joyful Countenance in fellow dealer Allen Berman’s light-hearted fantasy Kingdom of Bermania. We used to kid around that he was the only coin dealer in the world whose first and last names were both coin denominations (as in German marks and Ethiopian birrs). It was impossible not to be his friend.

The motto on the back of Mark’s business cards says it all: “Make love your greatest treasure and you will lack nothing.” In that sense and in many other ways too, Mark died a very rich man indeed.

Frank Sedwick, Ph.D. (1924-1996) Dr. Frank Sedwick is best remembered as an educator, both in his first career as a college professor of Spanish and Italian and in his second career as a dealer in treasure coins, but especially in his lifelong passion of writing. He was a pioneer in the art of selling coins by educating collectors, something most dealers of his time (and some still today) considered tantamount to giving away a proprietary asset. Even a concept so simple as showing prices on tags was revolutionary: When an old sign he had made for his booths at coin shows advertising FIXED PRICES turned up years later, he resignedly admitted he had been “out to change the world.” Fortunately his forthrightness endured.

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Frank’s numismatic life actually had a typical start. He began collecting US coins as a kid, then shelved collecting for a while to grow up, get married, pursue a career, have children. Then the latent collecting bug returned with a focused passion along with the wherewithal to make something of it. It was sometime during his years as Director of Overseas Programs at Rollins College in the 1970s that Frank began collecting post-colonial gold coins of Colombia, a country he visited often with students. In the process of assembling a highly respected collection of these coins, he got to know the community of Latin American coin dealers, both in the US and in South America, a tight-knit fraternity that did not accept new members easily when Frank decided to join their ranks full time after tiring of about 35 years of academe.

Again, Frank brought to the field of Latin American numismatics a freshly pedagogical perspective, but it was his literary contribution that had the greatest impact. Throughout the early 1980s he wrote many articles for various numismatic publications while he channeled his expertise into an arcane area that would soon attract a major public following: Spanish colonial “cob” coins from shipwrecks. In 1987, just two years after Mel Fisher announced the discovery of the 1622 Atocha “mother lode,” Frank published his landmark guide The Practical Book of Cobs, an award-winning book that has sold tens of thousands of copies in four editions.

Frank also continued to add to his nearly complete Colombian gold collection, and in 1991 he published The Gold Coinage of Gran Colombia, another accurate and very practical guide for a difficult area of numismatics.

To most of the newly numismatically-involved treasure people, however, Frank was stubbornly old-fashioned. Divers and investors frequently brought him fresh finds from shipwrecks with the confidence that his offers were always fair and his checks were always good, but they winced at his unwillingness to try promotion, investment, innovation and technology to push the values of what they felt were rare commodities. At coin shows, when someone brought him an item and asked for an offer, Frank would often temper his offer with the warning that if the seller walked away to get more offers from other dealers, the deal was off and Frank would not buy the item simply on principle. As a champion for fair prices, several times Frank became an adversary against the treasure industry by testifying for the IRS against inflated tax deductions based on “glamour market” prices, and for the SEC against an exaggerated appraisal for a publicly-traded salvage firm’s assets.

In seminars he often expressed disdain for treasure salvagers’ general lack of numismatic expertise, something he considered especially scornful when all they had to do was read his book.

When it came down to it, Frank was always, well, frank. He spoke his mind, efficiently and calmly, and he did not really care whether you liked what he said or not. Even if he was not your favorite person, you had to respect him for his ethical principles and his fairness and wisdom. And to those who were willing to listen and learn, with nothing expected in return, Frank generously offered the powerful gift of knowledge. * * * While Frank generally considered it a disservice for dealers to withhold the best pieces from their clients, he did save a number of gold cobs from the 1715 Fleet that he found particularly choice or important, as instinctively he knew that some day they would be fully appreciated. That day has come, and starting with this auction we are selling Frank’s gold cobs little by little. His post-colonial Colombian gold collection remains intact until the day when those coins, too, are recognized for their rarity and importance. As Frank often said, “The time to sell is when you have a willing buyer.”

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SHIPWRECK (AND HOARD) HISTORIES Throughout this catalog we offer coins, ingots and artifacts from many dozens of different shipwrecks and hoards—”treasure” in the truest sense. So as not to break up the flow of the catalog in the listings, we offer the history behind each wreck here in chronological order. Some lots in the catalog do not have histories here either because we have no further information or what we do know is brief enough to include with the lots. Please feel free to contact us for more information about any of these wrecks or about shipwrecks or treasure in general.

“Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean This wreck was nicknamed for a royal stamping (“Golden Fleece”) on several of the gold “finger” bars (ingots) it yielded.

Practically all the coins from this wreck were Mexican Carlos-Juana silver coins (all assayers prior to S), including several rarities, the most important being three specimens of the Rincón “Early Series” 8 reales of 1538, the very first 8 reales ever struck in the New World (the best of which achieved a record in 2006 for the highest amount ever paid at auction for a Spanish colonial coin: $373,750!). To date the finders of the wreck have not identified the wreck or disclosed its exact location, but they affirm it was in international waters in the northern Caribbean. Though it was a relatively small find of a few thousand coins at most, it has been the primary source for Mexican CarlosJuana coins on the market since the mid-1990s.

Perhaps more impressive than the coins from this wreck are the few dozen gold and silver ingots it has yielded, all of which have entered the market exclusively through Daniel Frank Sedwick. The varying purities of these bars are reminiscent of the “tumbaga” bars (see above), although the later gold ingots were been cast in somewhat standard shapes (“fingers”) and sizes. The silver ingots from this wreck, popularly known as “splashes,” were simply poured onto the ground, leaving a round, flat mound of silver that was subsequently stamped with a tax stamp in the form of a crowned C for King Charles I and/or a fineness in the usual block Roman numerals in parts per 2400, much like the karat system we use today. The gold ingots also show a fineness marking, but no tax stamps or other markings, in parts per 24, with a dot being a quarter karat.

Many of the silver and gold ingots from this wreck were cut into two or more parts, presumably to divide into separate accounts.

“Tumbaga wreck,” sunk ca. 1528 off Grand Bahama Island Before there were coins and Spanish Treasure Fleets, Hernán Cortés and his men acquired treasure in the form of Native-American gold and silver artifacts that were melted down in Mexico for easier transportation. The variable-fineness ingots thus created were known to archeologists but were not thought to exist until the discovery of a wreck full of them off Grand Bahama Island in 1992. After the salvage of what ultimately was determined to be a ca.-1528 wreck, the ingots came to be known as “tumbaga” bars and were subsequently distributed to the collecting community by Frank and Daniel Sedwick.

Like most official Spanish colonial bullion, each bar was marked with the fineness (the gold in parts per 24, the silver in parts per 2400) and assayer, and especially with tax stamps to show that the king got his cut. On these particular bars the tax stamps show a legend that reads CAROLVS QVINTVS IMPERATOR for Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire (who was also Charles I of Spain, son of Queen Joanna).

Each bar is described in detail in the 1993 book Tumbaga Silver for Emperor Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire, by Douglas Armstrong, a professional conservator hired by the salvage company to clean and preserve all the silver “tumbaga” bars. A new publication in the works by Agustín García-Barneche should soon shed more light on the history and manufacture of these ingots.

Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off the Island of Mozambique, east of Africa Discovered in 2001 by Arqueonautas and code-named IDM002, the Espadarte was a Portuguese nau that sank in May or June of 1558 after breaking her mast and being stranded in about 9 meters of water off Mozambique Island. She was on a return trip to Portugal from India and was carrying gold and porcelains, most of which was salvaged soon after sinking but at least some of which remained on the sea-bed until our time.

Unidentified (presumably Spanish) wreck sunk ca. 1590 off the Yucatán peninsula of Mexico Salvaged surreptitiously by Florida divers, this wreck yielded Philip II cobs of Mexico, Lima and Potosi, some in remarkably good condition. Many of this wreck’s coins are recognizable by their jagged, truncated edges (from corrosion) with pristine interior details. Without consideration of that characteristic pattern of corrosion, the coins from this wreck can pass for Atocha (1622) coins, which is how many of them were successfully sold with fraudulent Atocha certificates in the 1990s.

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Mexico, Lima, Spain and even Panama. Even more significant were the many gold ingots, jewelry items, emeralds and other artifacts.

Because of Mel Fisher’s huge publicity and because much of the treasure was distributed to investors at high ratios compared to their investment amounts, the coins from the Atocha have always sold for much more—anywhere from 2 times to 10 times—than their non-salvage counterparts, even in the numismatic market. (The “glamour market” in tourist areas elevates these coins to as much as twenty times their base numismatic value!) Individually numbered certificates with photos of each coin are critical to the retention of an Atocha coin’s enhanced value. Accompanying barcode tags with the coins also make it possible to replace lost certificates through a database system at the Fisher operation in Key West. With some exceptions each certificate also specifies the coin’s Grade, from 1 (highest) to 4 (lowest), a highly subjective evaluation of corrosive damage and overall quality. Most Atocha silver coins are also recognizable by their shiny brightness, the result of a somewhat controversial cleaning and polishing process catering more to noncollectors than to serious numismatists.

San Martín, sunk in 1618 off the east coast of Florida Known locally as the “Green Cabin wreck,” the San Martín, sunk in a storm on its way to Spain from Havana, was the almiranta (the Admiral’s ship, effectively the rear guard of any Spanish convoy) of the Honduran Fleet of 1618. As that Fleet was nowhere near the size of the fleets from Mexico and South America, the San Martín was not carrying a large amount of coins or other treasure, most of which was salvaged by the Spanish after the sinking anyway. Modern salvage efforts on the site since the 1960s, as well as finds on the beach opposite the wreck, have yielded a few Mexican and Potosi cobs in generally poor condition.

“Rill Cove wreck,” sunk ca. 1618 off Cornwall, England The name and nationality of the ship are unknown and even the date of sinking is not certain. All we know is that records of its local salvage began in 1618. After rediscovery of the wreck by Ken Simpson and Mike Hall in 1975, eventually some 3,000 coins were recovered and sold, all silver cobs, mostly Mexican, but also from Potosí and Spain. Most of the coins are thin from corrosion but with dark toning on fields to enhance details. Because it is rather early, this wreck has yielded several important rarities like the F-oD dual-assayer issue from Mexico.

Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida From the same hurricane-stricken 1622 Fleet as the Atocha (above), the Santa Margarita sank on a reef within sight of the Atocha and was found in 1626 by Spanish salvagers, who recovered only roughly half its treasure. The other half was found by Mel Fisher and company in 1980. Margarita’s treasures were similar to those found on the Atocha, with fewer coins in comparatively worse condition overall (yet not as harshly cleaned afterward). As with Atocha coins, original Fisher certificates are critical to the premium value for these coins, which is on par with Atocha coins. In 2008 divers with the subcontractor company Blue Water Recovery found more gold on the Santa Margarita and also a lead box stuffed full of pearls.

“Dry Tortugas wreck,” sunk ca. 1622 off the Dry Tortugas, west of Key West, Florida Presumably a sister-ship to the Atocha and Santa Margarita of the 1622 Fleet (above), the “Dry Tortugas wreck” was discovered in 1989 and reworked in 1991 by Seahawk Deep Ocean Technology.

Among the finds were numerous gold bars (but no silver bars) and about 1,200 heavily eroded silver cobs similar in composition to the Atocha finds, all picked from the ocean floor by a robot. Cannons and other artifacts expected on a typical galleon were notably absent. The bulk of the treasure was eventually sold to a store/museum in Key West that later went bankrupt. Years later it all turned up at a bankruptcy auction, where the bulk of the treasure was repurchased by some of the former principals of Seahawk for a new museum.

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida Arguably the most famous of all Spanish galleons salvaged in our time, the Atocha was the almiranta of the 1622 Fleet, which left Havana several weeks late and ran afoul of a hurricane. Eight of the 28-ship fleet were lost, wrecked on the reefs between the Dry Tortugas and the Florida Keys or sunk in deeper water. Five people survived the sinking of the Atocha and were rescued by another vessel, but the wreck itself was scattered after another hurricane hit the site exactly one month later. The Spanish were never able to salvage what was one of the richest galleons ever to sail.

The cargo of the Atocha did not see light again until 1971, when the first coins were found by the now-famous salvager Mel Fisher and his divers, who recovered the bulk of the treasure in 1985 and thereby unleashed the largest supply of silver cobs and ingots the market has ever seen. Well over 100,000 shield-type cobs were found in all denominations above the half real, the great majority of them from Potosí, as were also the approximately 1,000 silver ingots (most the size of bread loaves). A handful of gold 1- and 2-escudos cobs were also recovered, mostly from mainland Spanish mints, but also a few from Colombia, officially the first gold coins ever struck in the New World. The Atocha was also the source for most or all of the first silver cobs struck in Colombia, as well as a few early coins from

Campen, sunk in 1627 off the Isle of Wight, England The East Indiaman Campen was part of a seven-ship fleet that encountered a heavy storm off the Isle of Wight in October of 1627. Seeking safety in the Solent north of the island, four of the ships attempted to navigate through the Needles rocks at the island’s westernmost tip and two of them—the Campen and the Vliegende Draecke (“Flying Dragon”)—sank nearby. Soon after, all of the latter ship’s cargo was saved, but only a couple thousand silver coins were recovered from the Campen, leaving about 8,000 coins to be found in our time. Most of these silver coins, recovered by divers beginning in June of 1979, were Dutch “lion” daalders, but they also included a few cobs, which are very rarely seen on the market today.

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Capitana (Jesús María de la Limpia Concepción), sunk in 1654 off Chanduy, Ecuador This wreck was the largest loss ever experienced by the Spanish South Seas (Pacific) Fleet, of which the Jesus María de la Limpia Concepción was the capitana (“captain’s ship” or lead vessel) in 1654.

Official records reported the loss of 3 million pesos of silver (2,212 ingots, 216 chests of coins, and 22 boxes of wrought silver), augmented to a total of as much as 10 million pesos when contraband and private consignments were taken into account. By comparison, the entire annual silver production in Peru at that time was only about 6-7 million pesos!

Obviously overloaded, the Capitana sank technically due to pilot error, which drove the ship onto the reefs south of the peninsula known as Punta Santa Elena, a geographic feature the pilot thought he had cleared. Twenty people died in the disaster. For eight years afterward, Spanish salvagers officially recovered over 3 million pesos of coins and bullion (with probably much more recovered off the record), leaving only an unreachable lower section for divers to find in our time. Ironically, the main salvager of the Capitana in the 1650s and early 1660s was none other than the ship’s silvermaster, Bernardo de Campos, who was responsible for the ship’s being overloaded with contraband in the first place.

The wreck was rediscovered in the mid-1990s and salvaged (completely, according to some) in 1997. After a 50-50 split with the Ecuadorian government in 1998, investors sold most of their half of the more than 5,000 coins recovered at auction in 1999. Almost exclusively Potosí 8 and 4 reales, the coins were a healthy mix of countermarked issues of 1649-1652, transitional issues of 1652, and post-transitional pillars-and-waves cobs of 1653-1654, many in excellent condition and expertly conserved.

As an interesting footnote, the very coins salvaged from the Capitana by the Spanish in 1654 were lost again on the Maravillas wreck of 1656 (see next), and some of those coins salvaged from the Maravillas were lost again in the wreck of the salvage vessel Madama do Brasil off Gorda Cay (Bahamas) in 1657. Furthering Spain’s woes was the destruction of another treasure fleet in 1657 by English marauders fresh from a victory in the Bay of Cádiz off Santa Cruz on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands.

Concepción , sunk in 1641 off the northeast coast of Hispaniola The Concepción was one of the most significant Spanish wrecks of all time, serving the Spanish with a loss of over 100 tons of silver and gold treasure. The almiranta of a 21-ship fleet, the Concepción was already in poor repair when the Europe-bound fleet encountered a storm in September of 1641, leaving her disabled and navigating under makeshift sails amid disagreement among its pilots about their location. Weeks later, she grounded on a reef in an area now named the Silver Shoals, just east of another shoal known as the Abrojos, which the pilots were trying to avoid. After another storm hit the wrecked ship and the admiral and officers left in the ship’s only longboat, the remaining crew resorted to building rafts from the ship’s timbers. Survivors’ accounts pointed to drowning, starvation and even sharks for the approximately 300 casualties. In the fallout that ensued, none of the survivors could report the wreck’s location with accuracy, so it sat undisturbed until New England’s William Phipps found it in 1687 and brought home tons of silver and some gold, to the delight of his English backers.

The Concepción was found again in 1978 by Burt Webber, Jr., whose divers recovered some 60,000 silver cobs, mostly Mexican 8 and 4 reales, and also some Potosí and rare Colombian cobs, including more from the Cartagena mint than had been found on any other shipwreck. Unlike the Maravillas 15 years later, the Concepción did not yield any gold cobs in our time, and any significant artifacts found were retained by the government of the Dominican Republic who oversaw the salvage. The bulk of the silver cobs found on the Concepción were heavily promoted, even in department stores. The site is still worked from time to time with limited success.

Maravillas, sunk in 1656 off Grand Bahama Island As the almiranta of the homebound Spanish fleet in January of 1656, the Nuestra Señora de las Maravillas was officially filled with over five million pesos of treasure (and probably much more in contraband, as was usually the case). That treasure included much of the silver salvaged from the South Seas Fleet’s Capitana of 1654 that wrecked on Chanduy Reef off Ecuador (see above). The ill-fated treasure sank once again when the Maravillas unexpectedly ran into shallow water and was subsequently rammed by one of the other ships of its fleet, forcing the captain to try to ground the Maravillas on a nearby reef on Little Bahama Bank off Grand Bahama Island.

In the ensuing chaos, exacerbated by strong winds, most of the 650 people on board died in the night, and the wreckage scattered. Spanish salvagers soon recovered almost half a million pesos of treasure, followed by more recoveries over the next several decades, yet with over half of the official cargo still unfound.

The first rediscovery of the Maravillas in the twentieth century was by Robert Marx and his company Seafinders in 1972, whose finds were featured in an auction by Schulman in New York in

“San Francisco wreck,” sunk ca. 1649 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa The identity of this wreck is unknown, its nickname simply corresponding to the nearest land-area to the wreck (São Francisco) on the island of Santiago. The salvage firm Arqueonautas worked the wrecksite in 1999-2000, and though unable to identify the vessel, they theorized it was a “Spanish ship with a Portuguese Captain with money to buy slaves.” The first finds from the “San Francisco wreck,” including an extremely rare silver-plated astrolabe dated 1645, were sold by Sotheby’s (London) in December, 2000, buried in a clocks and watches auction that got little publicity in the shipwreck-collecting field. The relatively few coins from this wreck, all silver cobs from Mexico and Potosí in the mid- to late 1640s, are generally rare and appear to date just before the massive recall and melting in 1649 at Potosí that so significantly altered worldwide usage of Spanish colonial cobs.

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1974. Included among the coins in this sale were some previously unknown Cartagena silver cobs of 1655 and countermarked Potosí coinage of 1649-1651 and 1652 transitionals, in addition to many Mexican silver cobs and a few Bogotá cob 2 escudos. The second big salvage effort on the Maravillas was achieved by Herbert Humphreys and his company Marex in the late 1980s and early 1990s, resulting in two big sales by Christie’s (London) in 1992 and 1993, which featured many Bogotá cob 2 escudos, more Mexico and Potosí silver cobs, and several important artifacts. The most recent big sale of Maravillas finds, presumably from one of the many salvage efforts from the 1970s and 1980s, took place in California in 2005, again with a good quantity of Bogotá cob 2 escudos. The wreck area is still being searched today, but officially the Bahamian government has not granted any leases on the site since the early 1990s. It is possible the bulk of the treasure is still to be found.

grounded on a sandbar, and broke apart rapidly, leaving only 34 survivors among the 121 people on board. Those survivors were all quickly captured by natives (Ais) and therefore had no opportunity to salvage the scattered wreck.

Today only parts of the wreck of the San Miguel have been found, discovered by lifeguard Peter Leo in 1987, in about 10 to 20 feet of water and under as much as 20 feet of sand. Salvage is ongoing.

Besides a couple of gold ingots and one large silver ingot, the yield to date has been modest, mostly low-end silver cobs of Mexico and Potosí, a good amount of the rare 1659 “Star of Lima” silver coinage, a couple Bogotá gold cobs, and some rare Cartagena silver cobs. All were sold through various dealers and private transactions. If the hull of the ship is ever found, as the salvagers think it will be, the market may finally see some of the gold cobs of the “Star of Lima” issue of 1659.

Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western Australia

Sacramento, sunk in 1668 off Bay of All Saints, Bahia, Brazil

Much has been written about the loss and salvage of this Dutch East India Company trading vessel (known as an East Indiaman), which some consider to be Australia’s counterpart to Florida’s 1715 Fleet in terms of availability of reasonably priced cobs for collectors. In contrast to the Spanish treasure wrecks, the Vergulde Draeck carried only a modest amount of just silver cobs (eight chests totaling 45,950 coins), mostly Mexican but also some cobs from Potosí and Spain as well as some Colombian rarities. The ship was on its way from the Netherlands to Batavia (modern-day Jakarta, Indonesia) when suddenly it found itself wrecked on a reef some three miles from land in the early morning hours of April 28, 1656. Only 75 of the 193 people on board were able to reach the shore, and seven of them soon left in the ship’s pinnace to seek help in Batavia. When authorities there learned of the wreck, several attempts were made to rescue the other survivors and, more important, the eight chests of treasure, but no sign of the wreck or survivors was ever found.

The wreck remained undiscovered until 1963 when spear-fishermen stumbled upon it and began to recover coins and artifacts. Subsequent salvage efforts, primarily under the supervision of the Western Australian Museum, whose certificates often accompany the coins and carry a small premium, have yielded only about half of the total coins officially recorded to be on board this ship.

The lead vessel of a 50-ship annual convoy between Lisbon, Portugal, and Bahia, Brazil, the Sacramento hit a sandbar at night and sank in a squall on May 5, 1668, sending some 400 people to their grave. Official Brazilian government salvage on the wreck took place beginning in 1976, at some point involving the famed salvager Robert Marx. Because it was chiefly a military vessel sailing from Portugal to Brazil, the Sacramento was carrying just a few consumer goods (like textiles) and not any significant amount of coins. Nevertheless, what little from the salvaging of this ship has reached collectors has been almost exclusively Portuguese silver coins with Brazilian countermarks from 1663, although a few Spanish colonial cobs (also countermarked) and a few artifacts have surfaced too.

1681 Fleet (“Porto Bello wreck”), sunk in 1681 off Porto Bello, Panama—REVISED AND UPDATED The 1681 “Tierra Firme” Fleet, commanded by Juan Antonio Vicentelo de Leca y Herrara, better known as the Marqués de Brenes, left Cádiz, Spain, on January 28, 1681, and reached Cartagena, Colombia, on April 2. From there a small armada of 12 ships was sent out to assess the danger of pirates in the area, as this was the age of Henry Morgan and other privateers on the Spanish Main. Bad weather also intervened, and it was not till November that the 1681Fleet finally left Cartagena bound for Porto Bello, Panama.

As the Fleet approached Porto Bello, strong winds and hard rain prevented the pilots from recognizing the land until nighttime, by which time they had passed their destination and found themselves near dangerous reefs off the Islas Naranjos. The Capitana (lead vessel), Santo Cristo de San Agustín y Nuestra Señora del Rosario, immediately anchored and signaled the rest of the fleet to anchor as well. It was too late for the merchant nao Boticaria, which struck a reef there at midnight on November 29, but gently enough that almost everyone on board was saved.

Rescue boats soon arrived. As the Boticaria stayed on the reef for three days before sinking, salvagers were able save almost everything. Meanwhile, news came in that another ship in the fleet, the galleon Nuestra Señora de la Soledad, had wrecked on another reef near even farther along, off a point near a western entrance to the Chagres River known as Punta de Brujas (not to be confused with Brujas on the Pacific coast). Unlike the Boticaria, however, the 22-gun Soledad hit the reef with such force that 50 people died, including its owner, Captain Antonio de Lima.

San Miguel el Arcángel (“Jupiter wreck”), sunk in 1659 off Jupiter Inlet, east coast of Florida As well known as this wreck has become among the Florida treasure community and shipwreck collectors around the world, surprisingly little has been written about it, and not one major auction has been dedicated to its finds.

The San Miguel was not a big treasure galleon in a huge convoy; rather, she was a lone aviso, a smaller ship for carrying letters and other communications quickly back to Spain. But unlike most avisos, the San Miguel was carrying some important treasure, as it was in the right time and place to take on samples of the unauthorized “Star of Lima” coinage of 1659 for the King to see. In October the San Miguel encountered a hurricane off the southeast coast of Florida,

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have bypassed this encapsulation. Ongoing salvage efforts have good reason to be hopeful, as the manifest of the Consolación stated the value of her registered cargo as 146,000 pesos in silver coins in addition to silver and gold ingots, plus an even higher sum in contraband, according to custom.

The rest of the 1681 Fleet finally reached Porto Bello on December 3, still under adverse weather conditions. More casualties arose when the ship Chaperon found herself stranded at the mouth of the Chagres River and in danger of sinking due to lack of anchoring equipment and personnel. In the process of delivering assistance, a small ship known as a tartana was lost, and by the time the other rescue ships made it the Chaperon they found that its crew had all escaped and only three boatloads of goods could be saved before the ship sank. Curiously, pirate ships under Henry Morgan, including his flagship Satisfaction, were lost in 1671 as the tartana.

After taking care of business in Porto Bello, the ill-fated fleet returned to Cartagena on March 27, 1682, and on May 8 set sail for Havana, Cuba. That night yet another merchant ship, the Santa Teresa, captained by Don Manuel de Galarza, was lost, and several other vessels had to return to Cartagena. Then, while en route to Havana, the galleon Nuestra Señora de la Concepción y San Ignacio de Loyola hit a reef just past Cape San Antonio, Cuba, and was set afire after its cargo was salvaged. Reaching Havana on June 1, the ragtag 1681 Fleet finally made it back to Spain on September 2.

The various lost ships of the 1681 Fleet have been salvaged off and on in modern times. While it would seem that the location of each wreck would indicate its identity, the fact is that most sources have not been well documented, and the wrecks of pirate ships with loot from the same fleet are possible as well.

Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa An English East Indiaman on her way to Surat on the west coast of India, the Joanna separated from her convoy and sank in rough seas on a reef off the southernmost tip of South Africa on June 8, 1682, sending 10 people to their death. Eventually 104 survivors reached the Dutch colony of Cape Town, from which a salvage party was soon dispatched. The Joanna’s cargo consisted of 70 chests of silver coins, of which the salvage party reported having recovered only about 28,000 guilders’ worth. In 1982 the wreck was rediscovered by a group of South African divers led by Gavin Clackworthy, who brought up silver ingots (discs) and more than 23,000 silver cobs, most of them Mexican 4 and 8 reales of Charles II in generally low grade, but a few showing bold, formerly very rare dates 1679-1681. Over the past two decades, these cobs have entered the market from both private dealers and auctions, but always in relatively small quantities at a time. Almost all the coins are in very worn condition, usually thin and nearly featureless, but without the heavy encrustation and pitting that characterize Caribbean finds.

Consolación (“Isla de Muerto shipwreck”), sunk in 1681 off Santa Clara Island, Ecuador When salvage first began on this wreck in 1997, it was initially believed to be the Santa Cruz and later called El Salvador y San José, sunk in August of 1680; however, research by Robert Marx after the main find in subsequent years confirmed its proper name and illuminated its fascinating history.

Intended to be part of the Spanish “South Seas Fleet” of 1681, which left Lima’s port of Callao in April, the Consolación apparently was delayed and ended up traveling alone. At the Gulf of Guayaquil, off modern-day Ecuador, the Consolación encountered English pirates, led by Bartholomew Sharpe, who forced the Spanish galleon to sink on a reef off Santa Clara Island (later nicknamed “Isla de Muerto,” or Dead Man’s Island). Before the pirates could get to the ship, the crew set fire to her and tried to escape to the nearby island without success. Angered by their inability to seize the valuable cargo of the Consolación, Sharpe’s men killed the Spaniards and tried in vain to recover the treasure through the efforts of local fishermen.

Spanish attempts after that were also fruitless, so the treasure of the Consolación sat undisturbed until our time.

When vast amounts of silver coins were found in the area starting in the 1990s, by local entrepreneurs Roberto Aguirre and Carlos Saavedra (“ROBCAR”) and the government of Ecuador in 1997 under mutual agreement, the exact name and history of the wreck were unknown, and about 8,000 of the coins (all Potosí silver cobs) were subsequently sold at auction by Spink New York in December 2001 as simply “Treasures from the ‘Isla de Muerto.’” Most of the coins offered were of low quality and poorly preserved but came with individually numbered photo-certificates. Later, after the provenance had been properly researched and better conservation methods were used, a Florida syndicate arranged to have ongoing finds from this wreck permanently encapsulated in hard-plastic holders by the authentication and grading firm ANACS, with the wreck provenance clearly stated inside the “slab”; more recent offerings

Sunken city of Port Royal, Jamaica (submerged by earthquake in 1694) As a notorious pirate hangout in the 17th century, Port Royal’s famous bars and brothels became repositories for much of the looted treasure of the Caribbean. In 1692 an earthquake sent most of the city plunging into the sea, and it never fully recovered. What was left of Port Royal became a British Naval station for years afterward and it was continually racked by hurricanes (in 1721, 1726, 1744, and 1951), fires (in 1703 and 1815), and even another earthquake (in 1907). In the period of 1965 to 1968, the famous salvager Robert Marx dove the sunken city and recovered more than two million small artifacts (many lost AFTER 1692), some of which have appeared in the treasure market from time to time.

Merestein, sunk in 1702 off South Africa This Dutch East Indiaman was outbound when she tried to put into Saldanha Bay to alleviate rampant scurvy on board the ship.

On April 3, 1702, she hit reefs on the southwest point of Jutten Island and within hours was smashed to pieces. Only 99 of the 200 people aboard the Merestein survived.

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the Spanish 1715 Fleet—was found in later salvage efforts. An abundance of auctions offered these coins from 1989 through 1999.

On board the Merestein were several chests of silver coins for trade in the East Indies and for which immediate salvage plans were undertaken. But Jutten Island is no easy dive, and all attempts were abandoned until modern times.

The wreck was rediscovered and salvaged in the early 1970s, yielding almost exclusively Dutch silver ducatoons from the 1600s.

The number of coins found in the 1970s was around 15,000 and is believed to be nowhere near all of the treasure that was lost.

Thousands more coins and artifacts were recovered by the salvage company Sealit in the 1990s.

DeLiefde, sunk in 1711 off the Shetland Islands, north of Scotland During the War of Spanish Succession it was deemed safer to take the northern route around Scotland than to skirt French coasts in the English Channel, but in so doing the Dutch East Indiaman DeLiefde wrecked on a reef in the Out Skerries due to faulty navigation under overcast skies, leaving only one survivor to tell the tale. Prompt salvage attempts by the VOC to recover the cargo of silver and gold coins turned up nothing—looting by locals was greatly suspected.

Modern expeditions in the 1960s, however, located the ship and yielded upwards of 4000 coins (mostly silver “rider” ducatoons and gold ducats) in 1966-1968, many of which were sold at auction by Glendining (London) in 1969.

Association, sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England The sinking of this ship and four others in a fleet of 21 returning from the Mediterranean was one of the worst British naval disasters of all time. The Association sank on October 22 under stormy conditions after what can only be described as guesswork navigation that led the ships straight onto the rocks of the Scilly Isles, where as many as 2,000 sailors lost their lives as a result. The admiral of the fleet, Sir Cloudisley Shovell, whose ten chests of personal wealth (in addition to several others) were rumored to be aboard the Association, was one of the casualties of the sinking, although legend has it he reached shore alive, only to be murdered there by a local woman for a ring on his finger.

The wrecksite was located in 1967 by British Navy divers, touching off a frenzy of activity on the site for years to come. Cannons and a few coins were raised in the 1960s, but it was not till 1973 that a significant amount of coins were found (8,000 in that year alone).

These coins, mostly British silver and gold but also many Spanish and Spanish-American silver cobs, were sold at auction beginning in 1969 and into the early 1970s. The cobs presented an eclectic mix, mostly 8 reales from the 1650s forward (even a “Royal” presentation issue from 1676), but from nearly all mints (especially Lima and Potosí), some even left in as-found conglomerate form combined with British coins. It is interesting to note that parts of this wreck, like others in the area, were flattened hard to the muddy sea floor by huge boulders that still roll around with the currents, making for dangerous and difficult salvage.

1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida The Spanish 1715-Fleet disaster was probably the greatest to befall any of the Spanish treasure fleets in terms of casualties and money, with reports of a loss of 14 million pesos (plus an equal or greater amount in contraband) and as many as 1,000 or more lives. It was a typical case of overloaded Spanish galleons foundering in a hurricane after delayed departure. In effect the 1715 Fleet was a combination of two fleets: the Nueva España (New Spain, i.e., Mexico) Fleet from Mexico and the Tierra Firme (Mainland) Fleet from South America, some 12 or 13 ships in all. Encountering a hurricane on July 30, all the ships were driven shoreward and destroyed except for a lone vessel, the tag-along French ship Grifón, which sailed onward without incident. Hundreds of the crew and passengers lost their lives while other hundreds of survivors improvised a camp on shore to await aid from the Spanish fort at St. Augustine, to which a party was sent.

Salvage commenced soon afterward and lasted for several years. Nearly half of the vast treasure (at least the registered part) was recovered and kept in a nearby storehouse. In 1716, a flotilla of British freebooters under Henry Jennings raided the storehouse and carried off some 350,000 pesos of the treasure to Jamaica. The Spaniards, however, resumed operations until they could salvage no more and quit in 1719. The rest of the treasure remained on the ocean floor until our time.

Modern salvage on the 1715 Fleet began in the late 1950s, when local resident Kip Wagner found a piece of eight on the beach after a hurricane and decided to pursue the source. With the help of a 1774 chart and an army-surplus metal detector, he located the

Feversham, sunk in 1711 off Nova Scotia, Canada The Feversham was on its way north with three other ships from New York to Quebec with provisions and cash to assist a British campaign against the French when all four ships sank on and around Scatarie Island off Cape Breton in a storm on October 7, 1711. About 100 people died in the disaster, while the remaining 49 survivors were able to bribe a passing French fisherman to take them to New York for 200 pounds. Apparently no one—British or French—was able to salvage anything from the wreck in its time.

In 1968 the wrecksite of the Feversham was rediscovered by a group of divers led by famous Canadian salvager, Alex Storm, whose recoveries were sold privately to a “highly-reputable Canadian institution” in 1972. In the mid-1980s the Feversham was salvaged again by a new group of divers. The Feversham’s numismatic yield was small in comparison with Spanish galleon treasures, but quite important as a cross-section of coinage in circulation in New York at the time.

Mostly it was Spanish American silver cobs and Massachusetts Bay Colony shillings, many of the former with rare, weight-adjustment plugs to bring them up to standard. A small group of gold cobs— almost entirely Bogotá 2 escudos, virtually identical to those from

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original Spanish salvage camp and unearthed coins and artifacts. Then, using a rented airplane to spot the underwater wrecksite from the air and check the location again by boat, Kip found the source of the coins and soon formed a team of divers and associates backed by a salvage permit from the State of Florida. All of this took place over a period of years before it evolved into the Real Eight Company, whose ranks later included such luminaries as Robert Marx and the flamboyant Mel Fisher. The Fisher family still sub-leases the sites to hopeful salvagers today.

The vast treasures yielded by the 1715 Fleet in our time fall into nearly every category, from coins to jewelry, precious stones to cannons, religious artifacts to Chinese porcelains. The 1715 Fleet remains the world’s largest source for New World gold cobs, while the silver cobs recovered number in the hundreds of thousands.

Promotions of the coins by Real Eight and others have spanned the decades, in addition to significant auctions by Henry Christensen (1964); Parke-Bernet Galleries (1967) and Sotheby Parke Bernet (1973); the Schulman Coin and Mint (1972 and 1974); Bowers and Ruddy Galleries (1977); and even the U.S. Customs Service (2003).

Despite a wealth of publications pertaining to the 1715 Fleet with names of the ships and the known locations of some of the wrecks, there is no universal agreement as to the identity of the vessel at each wrecksite. In many cases, in fact, it is possible that separate wrecksites represent different parts of the same ship. As a result, salvagers over the decades have resorted to nicknames for the sites based on landmarks, local individuals, and even features from the wrecks themselves, such as (from north to south): “Pines” (Sebastian), “Cabin” (Wabasso), “Cannon” (Wabasso), “Corrigans” (Vero Beach), “Rio Mar” (Vero Beach), “Sandy Point” (Vero Beach), “Wedge” (Fort Pierce), and “Colored Beach” (Fort Pierce). Regardless of the exact site of origin, a great majority of the coins and artifacts are sold simply as “1715 Fleet.”

Guadalupe-Tolosa , sunk in 1724 in Samaná Bay, Dominican Republic Inbound from Spain and often referred to as the “quicksilver galleons,” these two ships were carrying a cargo of 400 tons of mercury, a critical element in the silver- and gold-refining process in Mexico, where these ships were headed. In late August the ships were blown by a hurricane into Samaná Bay on the northeast coast of what is now the Dominican Republic and wrecked there in relatively close proximity to each other (about 7½ miles), which is why their names are intermingled today. Well over 500 people died in the tragedy.

The wrecks were discovered and salvaged in the late 1970s and yielded many earthenware olive jars and other artifacts in addition to the mercury. In 2005 it became known that the 1970s salvage also turned up a small group of gold coins (including thirteen cobs from the mints of Bogotá, Cuzco, Lima, and Mexico), which were auctioned that same year.

Akerendam, sunk in 1725 off the coast of Norway Separated from her two companion vessels in a heavy storm, the East Indiaman Akerendam foundered off the northern point of Runde Island off the west coast of Norway on March 8, with no survivors among the 200 people on board. Throughout the next several months, five of the 19 chests of coins aboard the Akerendam were recovered, and one of those five had opened up, scattering coins over the wrecksite. No more was found, and the site was forgotten until Norwegian amateur divers rediscovered it in 1972 and brought up almost 40,000 gold and silver coins, with another 16,000 or so found the next year. Ultimately the coins were split between the divers and the Norwegian and Dutch governments, and the divers’ portion was offered as a whole at auction in 1978, following which the coins were largely assembled into leather-bound promotional sets (each consisting of one Dutch gold ducat and up to 23 silver coins, generally Mexican cobs and Dutch ducatoons and minors).

“Ca Mau wreck,” sunk ca. 1723-35 off Ca Mau Island, Vietnam This unidentified Chinese wreck in the South China Sea yielded thousands of Ch’ing Dynasty export porcelain manufactured under the Emperor K’ang Hsi. The finds were first offered at auction

by Christie’s in 1998, but anonymously; more recently the government of Vietnam has auctioned off a major portion of the porcelains.

These porcelains are quite popular among collectors of Spanish Fleet items because they are identical to the K’ang Hsi material from the Florida wrecks of 1715 and 1733.

1733 Fleet, Florida Keys Much like the 1715-Fleet disaster, the 1733 Fleet was an entire Spanish convoy lost in a hurricane off Florida. However, due to the lesser severity of the 1733 hurricane, which struck the fleet on July 15, and the shallowness of the wrecksites in the Keys, there were many survivors, and four ships remained in good enough condition to be refloated and sent back to Havana. A highly successful salvage effort by the Spanish yielded even more than the 12 million pesos of precious cargo listed on the Fleet’s manifest (thanks to the usual contraband).

The wrecks themselves are spread across 80 miles, from north of Key Largo down to south of Duck Key, and include the following galleons (note there is not universal agreement as to which wrecksite pertains to each galleon, and each name is a contemporaneous abbreviation or nickname): El Pópulo, El Infante, San José, El Rubí (the capitana), Chávez, Herrera, Tres Puentes, San Pedro, El Terri (also spelled Lerri or Herri), San Francisco, El Gallo Indiano (the almiranta), Las Angustias, El Sueco de Arizón, San Fernando, and San Ignacio.

This last ship, San Ignacio, is believed to be the source of many silver coins (and even some gold coins) found in a reef area off Deer Key known as “Coffins Patch,” the south-westernmost of all the 1733Fleet wrecksites. In addition, many other related sites are known, mostly the wrecks of tag-along ships that accompanied the fleet proper.

Slot ter Hooge, sunk in 1724 off Porto Santo, Madeira Islands This East Indiaman, whose Dutch name means “Castle of Hooge” (a place in modern-day Belgium), was outbound to Batavia (Jakarta) with a load of three tons of silver ingots (15 chests) plus four chests of silver coins, three of which contained nothing but Mexican cobs. Blown off course by a storm, the Slot ter Hooge wrecked on November 19 off Porto Santo Island in the Madeira Islands (northwest of Africa), to the demise of some 221 people on board (only 33 survived). More than half the treasure was salvaged over the next ten years by the famous English inventor John Lethbridge, but the rest was forgotten until our time. In 1974 the wreck was rediscovered by the well-known salvager Robert Sténuit, who recovered many silver ingots and coins, mostly Dutch ducatoons but also some Mexican 8-reales cobs.

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The first and arguably most famous of the wrecks of the 1733 Fleet to be located in modern times was the capitana El Rubí, which was discovered in 1948 and salvaged principally in the 1950s

by Art McKee, whose Sunken Treasure Museum on Plantation Key housed his finds for all to see. Unfortunately throughout the next several decades the wrecksites in the Keys became a virtual free-forall, with many disputes and confrontations, until the government created the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary in 1990. The removal of artifacts from any of the sites is prohibited today.

In contrast to the 1715 Fleet, and because of the extensive Spanish salvage in the 1730s, the finds by modern divers have been modest, especially in gold coins, of which there are far more fakes on the market than genuine specimens. Nevertheless, the 1733 Fleet has been a significant source for some of the rare Mexican milled “pillar dollars” of 1732-1733 as well as the transitional “klippe”-type coins of 1733.

By chance in December 2004, the sands that had swallowed the wreck of the Rooswijk parted and allowed diver Ken Welling to retrieve two complete chests and hundreds of silver bars. Operating in secrecy, salvage continued in 2005 under the direction of Rex Cowan (in agreement with the Dutch and British governments) and is ongoing today. So far, several hundred Mexican silver cobs of the 1720s and early 1730s and transitional “klippes” of 1733-1734, as well as many more hundreds of “pillar dollars” and a smattering of cobs from other mints, have hit the market from this wreck, mostly through auction.

Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands The East Indiaman Vliegenthart (“Flying Hart” in Dutch) had just departed Rammekens for the East Indies when the deadly combination of a northeast gale, a spring tide and pilot error sent her into a sand bank behind her sister-ship Anna Catharina. The latter ship broke apart in the storm while the Vliegenthart, damaged and firing her cannons in distress, slipped off the bank and sank in 10 fathoms of water. All hands on both ships were lost.

Contemporaneous salvage under contract with the Dutch East India Company was unsuccessful, but it provided a piece of evidence, a secret map, that emerged from obscurity in 1977.

Stemming from that, divers employed by the former London attorney Rex Cowan discovered the wreck in 1981, and in 1983 they found their first coins, one of three chests of Mexican silver and Dutch gold coins (totaling 67,000 guilders or dollar-sized units) for the East India trade aboard the Vliegenthart. The second chest was smashed on the seabed and its contents partially salvaged, while the third chest, intact like the first, came up in 1992. The divers also recovered several smaller boxes of large Dutch silver coins known as “ducatoons,” illegally exported and therefore contraband. Among the silver coins found were thousands of Mexican cobs, predominantly 8 reales, many with clear dates in the early 1730s and in excellent condition.

Hollandia, sunk in 1743 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England Blown off course on her way to the East Indies, the Hollandia struck Gunner Rock and sank in about 110 feet of water about 1½ miles east of it on July 13, 1743. There were no survivors.

The first sign of the wreck came in 1971, when divers under Rex Cowan located the wrecksite and within a couple years salvaged more than 35,000 silver coins among the nearly 130,000 guilders (dollar-sized units) recorded to be on board the Hollandia. A great majority of the coins were Mexican “pillar dollars,” but there were also some silver cobs, including the scarce Mexican transitional “klippes” of 1733-1734 and a few Guatemala cobs, in mixed condition.

Princess Louisa, sunk in 1743 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa Laden with 20 chests (69,760 ounces) of Spanish silver, the East Indiaman Princess Louisa fell victim to surprise currents and inaccurate charts and struck a reef and sank off Isla de Maio in the early morning hours of April 18. Forty-two of the 116 people aboard floated to safety on the nearby island, but nothing on the ship could be saved. Contemporaneous salvage never came to fruition.

In 1998 and 1999 the wrecksite was located and salvaged by the Arqueonautas firm, whose finds from this wreck have been largely marketed by a Houston coin and jewelry dealer ever since, although some coins were also sold at auction in 2000-2001. Most of the coins were New World silver cobs from all the mints that were operating in the early 1700s (including rare Bogotá cobs), predominantly minors (smaller than 8 reales), in average condition, with quite a few preserved in as-found multiple-coin clusters.

Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 off southeast England Off the southeastern tip of England, just north of the Straits of Dover, the sea hides a most unusual feature known as the Goodwin Sands, where sandbanks appear and disappear unpredictably and move with the tides. Many ships over the centuries have sunk here and silted over, and occasionally one of the wrecks will surface and be discovered. Such is the case with the Rooswijk, a Dutch East Indiaman that foundered on the Goodwin Sands in a storm on December 19, 1739 (by the calendar in use by the British at the time), with all hands and 30 chests of treasure, virtually gone without a trace.

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Reijgersdaal, sunk in 1747 off South Africa

Bredenhof, sunk in 1753 off Mozambique

More popularly known in the U.S. as Reygersdahl, this typical East Indiaman was carrying eight chests of silver coins (nearly 30,000 coins) when she sank on October 25, 1747, between Robben and Dassen Islands. After four-and-a-half months at sea, the crew had anchored there to fetch rock rabbits (“dassies,” for which Dassen Island was named) and other fresh food to relieve massive illness on board the ship, on which some 125 had died and 83 were incapacitated out of 297 people; but in the face of a gale, the anchor-line snapped and the ship foundered on the rocks. Only 20 survived the sinking, and only one incomplete chest of coins was recovered. The area was deemed too dangerous to attempt further salvage.

Beginning in 1979, modern salvage on the wreck by the salvage company Sealit yielded thousands of coins (as many as 15,000 by the early 1980s, when protective legislation was enacted in South Africa), mostly in near pristine condition, which have been sold in various auctions and private offerings ever since. A great majority of the coins from this wreck are Mexican pillar dollars in excellent condition, but there were also a few hundred New World silver cobs, including Guatemala cobs, which are rarely seen from shipwrecks.

The Bredenhof was a Dutch East Indiaman headed to India with 14 barrels of copper “duits” (penny-like coins), 29 chests of silver bars, and one chest of gold ducats. On June 6, 1753, about 13 miles from the eastern coast of Africa and 120 miles south of the Portuguese settlement of Mozambique, the Bredenhof found herself in difficult currents and struck a reef. Amazingly, among the first items jettisoned to try to raise the ship off the reef were some of the chests of silver bars! The gold was taken by the ship’s officers, some of whom survived the trip to Mozambique, but the silver bars and copper coins were lost until modern times, despite salvage attempts in the 1750s.

In 1986 divers with the salvage company Sealit found the wreck and recovered hundreds of silver ingots and hundreds of thousands of copper coins, all sold at auction by Christie’s Amsterdam that same year.

Dodington, sunk in 1755 off Port Elizabeth, South Africa (also “Clive of India treasure”) This shipwreck presents an amazing tale of survival and buried treasure, with a modern twist. Following the customary East India route, the Dodington outpaced her consorts and therefore was alone when her pilot followed an erroneous chart too closely and in the middle of the night she suddenly struck rocks and sank off present-day Bird Island off the east coast of South Africa. Of 270 people on board, 23 made it to the island, where they subsisted mostly on seagull eggs for over seven months while the ship’s carpenter crafted a rescue vessel. Meanwhile, at least a couple of the 10 chests of silver coins and the one chest of wrought silver on board the ship were recovered and buried, and the fate of each of those chests is not thoroughly known. There was also a chest of gold coins on behalf of the English military hero Lord Clive—more about that later. The survivors set off for Delagoa (Mozambique) and left behind an island that later became known for treasure-hunters and ghost stories.

In the summer of 1977 the wreck of the Dodington was discovered by South African divers, who proceeded to bring up cannon and coins but no gold. In the early to mid-1990s the wreck was revisited by another set of divers and yielded more silver coins and a smattering of gold, but nowhere near the 653+ ounces recorded to be in the chest when it was loaded onto the Dodington in 1755. What is believed to be the actual Clive’s gold (by composition and total weight) was supposedly recovered a few years later in a different area entirely, reportedly in the wreckage of a pirate ship somewhat further along the East India route. Nobody knows why Clive’s chest of gold was not on the Dodington site. Either it was found by the survivors and buried on Bird Island to be picked up or absconded with later, or it was salvaged and taken away later in the eighteenth century. Because the link could not be proven entirely, and due to a protracted legal battle with the government of South Africa, this last group of gold coins was sold at auction in 2000 as simply the “Clive of India Treasure.”

The composition of the silver-coin finds from the Dodington was mostly Mexican “pillar dollars” but with a good amount of Potosí and Lima cobs (predominantly smaller denominations) as well, mostly sea-worn and at least moderately corroded, sold through dealers and smaller auctions in the U.S. and Australia. The gold was all Portuguese/ Brazilian.

Nuestra Señora de la Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay Actually a Portuguese vessel leased by the Spanish, the Luz left Buenos Aires in the summer of 1752 with a load of money bound for Spain and had just stopped in Montevideo for provisioning when a strong storm swept her into the coastline, spreading wreckage over a wide area and killing all on board. While over 90% of the treasure was recovered soon afterward, the powder-hold was never found, and as it turns out, that is where some 200,000 pesos (according to later reports) of contraband had been stored.

In April 1992, divers working under Rubén Collado began to recover gold coins on a wrecksite in the Río de la Plata, and soon it became clear the wreck in question had to be from 1751 or 1752, as none of the coins was dated later than 1751. The finds, which were split with the Uruguayan government and then sold at auction in New York and Montevideo, consisted of mostly milled (bust-type) 8 escudos from the new mint at Santiago, Chile. Also in these auctions were 95 gold cobs and 353 silver cobs, the former mostly Lima 8 and 4 escudos (but also some Bogotá 2 escudos), and the latter mostly 8 and 4 reales from Potosí (with several more gold and silver cob sold privately). The gold is pristine, but the silver coins all show at least moderate corrosion.

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Scipion, sunk in 1782 in Samaná Bay, Dominican Republic

Hartwell, sunk in 1787 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

A valiant fighter against the English in the American Revolutionary War, the French ship Scipion was engaged in battle when she inadvertently maneuvered onto a reef and sank in thirty feet of water on October 18, 1782. Discovered in our time by Tracy Bowden, the Scipion site is still being salvaged for its important artifacts.

On her maiden voyage to China, the British East Indiaman Hartwell was heavily laden with silver when the crew mutinied. After quelling the fight, the captain headed to the Cape Verde Islands to offload the mutineers. Exhausted from the mutiny, the weary sailors ran the ship into a reef off the Island of Boavista, losing the ship entirely. Fortunately all hands were saved.

Salvage by the British East India Company 1788-1791 yielded nearly half of the approximately 200,000 ounces of silver cargo on board the Hartwell. Pirates at the time recovered another 40,000 coins.

The wrecksite was found again and salvaged by Afrimar in 1994-1996 and by Arqueonautas in 1996-1999, providing the market with Spanish colonial bust-type 8 reales in generally poor condition.

Grosvenor, sunk in 1782 off Port St. Johns, South Africa In one of the most celebrated shipwreck stories in South Africa and England, the aging English East Indiaman Grosvenor was on her way home from India when she suddenly struck a reef and sank at Lwambazi Bay off the “Wild Coast” of South Africa. The tales of the fates of the survivors, of whom some reached European settlements and others became integrated into local tribal societies, are particularly captivating and have been greatly embellished over the years. Also exaggerated were rumors of great treasures lost on the wreck, which naturally have spurred many salvage attempts over the centuries since the sinking. In truth, very little treasure was on board, and not much has been found, to the point that genuine, certified items from this wreck are rather rare today, especially outside South Africa.

Leocadia, sunk in 1800 off Punta Santa Elena, Ecuador This wreck, salvaged periodically in the late twentieth century, typically yielded portrait (bust) 8 reales from Lima, Peru, but more recent work in 2001 brought up a handful of small silver cobs of the mid- to late 1700s mostly from the Potosí mint. These were probably from a small, private purse and not part of the more than 2 million pesos of registered silver and gold cargo aboard the Leocadia when she departed Paita, Peru, bound for Panama in a convoy of merchant vessels. On November 16, 1800, the Leocadia struck a shoal and broke apart 100 yards from the beach at Punta Santa Elena, with a loss of over 140 lives in the disaster. Within the next year the Spanish salvaged about 90 percent of the registered treasure, leaving more than 200,000 pesos (not to mention the expected contraband) behind to tempt divers in our time. Judging from the paucity of coins from this ship on the open market, we may assume that many more are still to be found.

Nicobar, sunk in 1783 off False Bay, South Africa One of very few famous shipwrecks of the Danish East India Company, the Nicobar was outbound to India with a load of copper plates from Sweden that were actually a form of coins, inasmuch as each one bore a date, denomination and mintmark, along with the monogram of the king or queen. Demonetized in 1771, the copper “plate money” became more like ingots, with trade value at the current rate for pure copper. But the Nicobar never reached its destination: After stopping at False Bay to replenish supplies and offload sick crew, the ship left again on July 10, 1783, and ran aground in a storm that night. The wreck was rediscovered in 1987 by local fishermen, who salvaged some 3,000 copper plates, the bulk of which were sold by Ponterio & Associates in California.

HMS Anson, sunk in 1807 off Cornwall, England Near the point in Cornwall called the Lizard is a hazard known as Loe Bar, among whose many victims was the 44-gun frigate Anson, which was on its way to a blockade against the French when it got caught in a gale, headed back towards Falmouth, and subsequently ran aground on the massive sandbank on December 29, 1807. A memorial to the victims was erected on Loe Bar in 1949, and one of cannons from the wreck is on view at the nearby town of Helston.

Cazador, sunk in 1784 off New Orleans, Louisiana The Cazador was a Spanish brig of war headed from Vera Cruz, Mexico, to New Orleans under the direction of Captain Gabriel de Campos y Piñeda. Her cargo of some 450,000 pesos of newly minted silver coins was meant to stabilize the fragile economy in the Spanish possession of Louisiana, which had suffered from the use of French paper currency. The fact that the coins never arrived probably hastened the decision to cede the colony to Napoleon in 1800, soon after which Louisiana was sold to the fledgling United States of America for $15 million.

Nobody knows how the Cazador was lost, and no evidence of the ship was found until 1993, when a fishing crew led by Captain Jerry Murphy snagged their net on something about 50 miles south of New Orleans in the Gulf of Mexico. When the net was brought up, it spilled out hundreds of silver coins onto the deck of Jerry’s boat, aptly named Mistake. Shortly thereafter, the fishermen obtained the rights to the find and began recoveries under the name of Grumpy Inc.

Admiral Gardner, sunk in 1809 off the southeast coast of England Along with her sister-ship Britannia, the English East Indiaman Admiral Gardner was outbound with an immense cargo (48 tons!) of copper coins for circulation in India when both ships sank in a storm on the Goodwin Sands on January 24, 1809. Ten lives were lost, as was all the cargo. The coins were recovered in modern times, literally a million of them packed in wax inside wooden barrels.

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S.S. Central America, sunk in 1857 in deep water off North Carolina

“Coconut wreck,” sunk ca. 1810 in deep water off Bermuda This fascinating find has been touted as the deepest treasure wreck ever found, and it should hold that title for a long time! While searching in 1999 for Gus Grissom’s space capsule Liberty Bell 7 (lost in a test at sea, in which Grissom nearly died) from the Mercury program of 1961, underwater explorer Curt Newport (supported by the Discovery Channel) noticed an unidentified anomaly at a depth of 16,300 feet—not the space capsule (which was eventually found and recovered), but something interesting to be investigated later.

That day came in 2001 when Michael McDowell used a pair of Russian submarines to view the wreck, whereupon they discovered the remains of a wooden trading vessel loaded with coconuts! A chest full of over 1300 silver coins was soon recovered, along with a small, ornate gold box containing 13 gold coins wrapped in a newspaper dated August 6, 1809. These gold coins were sold at auction in 2008 by Stack’s in New York, who dubbed this the “Coconut wreck,” despite its earlier names (given by divers and promoters) of “Piña Colada wreck” and “Atlantic Target Expedition wreck”.

We had the honor of being the first auction house to offer the silver coins from this wreck in 2008, following which we brokered a sale of the entire cache of over 1000 coins. Working with the new owner, we are privileged to offer here in Treasure Auction #6 the “Coconut Wreck Research Collection” of the top 50 silver coins from the find, consisting of one of every date and denomination found in collectible grade.

Originally christened the Tennessee (which is how she was identified in our time), the sidewheel steamer Republic was carrying some $400,000 in specie from New York to New Orleans when she sank in a hurricane about 100 miles offshore on October 25, 1865.

One of many deep targets located by the salvage company Odyssey, the site of the Republic was salvaged by submersible craft beginning in 2003. In addition to gold and silver coins of the Civil War-era United States, Odyssey found the ship’s bell with part of the name Tennessee, confirming the ship’s identity and launching a massive, ongoing promotional campaign for coins and artifacts from the wreck.

Cabalva, sunk in 1818 near Mauritius in the Indian Ocean

Douro, sunk in 1882 off Cape Finisterre, Spain

Sunk in a hurricane on September 12, 1857, the mail steamer Central America took with her more than 400 lives and over three tons of gold. The wreck lay undisturbed until 1986, when Tommy Thompson and his Columbus-America Discovery Group located the ship in 8500 feet of water. After 10 years of legal struggles, the salvagers were awarded about 92 percent of the treasure, with most of the rest going to insurance companies who had paid the claim when the ship sank. Widely touted as the greatest treasure ever found, the gold from the Central America has been very heavily promoted and cleverly marketed.

S.S. Republic, sunk in 1865 in deep water off Savannah, Georgia

A 1200-ton British East Indiaman on her way to India, the Cabalva struck on a reef in the Cargados Carajos (also known as the Shoals of St. Brandon) and quickly broke apart. After hauling themselves up on the dry reefs and islets, the officers and crew of the ship began plundering the cargo and even established a temporary “Beer Island,” where the ample rations of rescued alcohol were being consumed at a great rate over the course of three weeks, much to the horror of the other survivors. Upon their eventual rescue, the crew expressed regret in having to leave Beer Island, where plenty of stockpiled booze had to be left behind. In 1985 divers located the site of the Cabalva and recovered many Spanish bust-type 8 reales.

The British Royal Mail Steamer Douro was en route to England from Portugal when she collided with the Spanish steamship Yrurac Bat and sank in the early morning hours of April 2, 1882, in deep water off the northwest coast of Spain. All but six people on board survived, but the ship and its cargo of tens of thousands of gold coins were a total loss. The wreck was found and salvaged in 1995 by Sverker Hallstrom and Nigel Pickford using a remoteoperated vehicle (ROV) at a depth of 1,500 feet. The cargo of gold coins, mostly British sovereigns was sold at auction by Spink (London) in 1996.

Elingamite, sunk in 1902 off New Zealand

Sabina, sunk in 1842 off South Africa

A casualty of heavy fog, the steamer Elingamite was traveling from Sydney (Australia) to Auckland (New Zealand) when she struck West Island of the “Three Kings Islands” off the northern tip of New Zealand and sank in 150 feet of water on November 9, 1902.

Forty-five lives were lost in all. Nearly a quarter of the precious silver cargo on board the Elingamite was salvaged in her own time, leaving most of it for divers to find in the mid- to late 1960s.

A Spanish vessel returning to Spain from Manila with the retired governor and his wealth, the Sabina wrecked off Cape Recife on August 8, 1842. She was located in our time by the salvage company Sealit, who recovered thousands of coins and donated them to the Port Elizabeth museum in South Africa.

Santo Andre, sunk in 1856 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

Egypt, sunk in 1922 off Ushant, France

The Santo Andre was a Spanish galera that sank on July 25, 1856, on Rifona Reef off Boavista Island in the Cape Verde Islands.

The wrecksite was salvaged in our time by different companies beginning in 1993 and ending in 1996, yielding thousands of Spanish and French silver coins and small artifacts.

In May of 1922, the Egypt encountered thick fog off the northwest coast of France and was accidentally rammed by another ship, the French cargo steamer Seine, sinking the British ship within twenty minutes. The Egypt was carrying some 15 tons of silver and gold bullion in addition to British gold sovereigns totaling £1,054,000 (1922 values). Nothing was salvaged until the early 1930s, when an Italian company recovered an estimated 95% of the treasure from the ship’s depth of 420 feet, an amazing success for its time.

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SESSION I: Wednesday, April 7, 2:00 pm EDT GOLD COBS Mexico City, Mexico

3. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 escudos, 171(4), oMJ, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-53.2; CT-350. 6.8 grams. Lustrous Mint State, with full and bold oMJ to left of full and typically finely detailed shield, full but slightly off-center cross, clear bottom of digits of date, round flan. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, (171)0J, silver-cob shape, extremely rare, Plate Coin in Pradeau. S-M30; KM57.1. 26.9 grams. Very interesting coin with distinguished pedigree that dates to well before the 1715-Fleet finds (but note it very well could have been on the Fleet and salvaged contemporaneously), uniquely struck on a long, somewhat barrel-shaped flan that is typically seen in the silver cobs of this period but not gold, with full shield and cross and oXMJ and a faint 0 (could be 8) of the date above the o of the mintmark (decidedly not a penultimate digit, which would appear closer to the x of the mintmark), VF with a few flat areas and old marks but all the fields coated with a lovely red toning. Plate Coin in Pradeau’s 1938 classic Numismatic History of Mexico, first seen on the market in a 1926 London auction and also pedigreed to the 1952 A.N.A. sale. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

4. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 escudos, (1714), oMJ, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-53.2; CT-350. 6.8 grams. Full and wellcentered cross, partial date, nearly full shield and most of crown, Mint State but with flat areas near edge. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

5. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, (1712)J, from the 1715 Fleet, with Real Eight pedigree. S-M30; KM-51.2; CT-508.

3.4 grams. Bold oMJ (attributable to 1712), most of shield and cross, oddly oblong flan with one end flat but otherwise AU. With Real Eight Co. certificate signed by Dan Thompson. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

6. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, (17)14, oMJ, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-51.2; CT-510. 3.4 grams. Clear 14 of date and mintmark oM, full cross and nearly full shield, Mint State with beautiful luster. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

2. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, oM•J (1716-23), from the 1733 Fleet, rare. S-M30; KM-57.2. 27.0 grams. Full and bold shield and cross (the latter with “dagger” ornaments in dimples of tressure), clear oM•J, bold full denomination •VIII•, high grade (AU) but with lots of tiny nicks and gray sediment in fields, well-centered on a thick, round flan. From the 1733 Fleet, Florida Keys. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

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7. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, (1711-13), oXMJ, from the 1715 Fleet, professionally engraved in small characters with CARRIED ABOARD APOLLO 14 on one side and 31 JAN and 9 FEB 1971 on the other side. S-M30; KM-51.1. 3.5 grams. Before this coin came along, we had no idea there was ever a connection between the space program and the 1715 Fleet, apart from the obvious geographic proximity and the fact that several of the original Real Eight divers had “day jobs” at the Cape. But space-memorabilia collectors have known about the connection for years, specifically the existence of two series of silver “Robbins medallions”: The first series included 82 medallions that were struck from a melted-down 1715-Fleet silver ingot and were flown to the moon on Apollo 12 in 1969, and the second series included 177 medallions struck just after the Apollo 15 mission in 1971 from silver that came from another 1715-Fleet silver ingot actually flown aboard Apollo 15. These treasure-silver medallions, which fetch upwards of 5-figure premiums today, were the brainchild of Apollo 12 astronaut Pete Conrad and Jim Rathman, a race car driver who had won the Indianapolis 500 prior to opening a Chevrolet dealership on the space coast, where he provided the hotshot pilots (most notably the Mercury 7 men, among whom was Alan Shepherd, the commander of Apollo 14 mission) with Corvettes. Jim was also in a partnership (known as Doubloon Salvage) with Kip Wagner and the Real Eight Company, who were salvaging the 1715 Fleet at the time. Significantly, the ingot for the Apollo 15 mission (supplied by noted salvager Art Hartmann) was originally supposedly to be a gold ingot, but that was deemed too heavy for the flight. Now, for the first time, we know that Fleet gold DID go to the moon after all in the form of this one coin, which must have been carried among personal items (in a “PPK,” or Personal Preference Kit, as confirmed by expert Larry McGlynn) by one of the astronauts on Apollo 14 (Alan Shepherd, Stuart Roosa and Ed Mitchell), on the Apollo program’s third manned lunar landing (and of course the first after the ill-fated Apollo 13 mission), then engraved with the memorial and probably given to that astronaut’s wife to wear in jewelry. The coin itself is a fairly typical Fleet 1E, with bold full oXMJ, nearly full but offcenter shield and cross, much legend, XF or so for wear, a unique item with crossover interest in two hot and fascinating fields! From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $3,000-up.

Lima, Peru

8. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1708H, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L25a; KM-38.1; CT-18. 26.9 grams. Broad, round flan with full and well-centered cross and pillars, particularly bold waves with sediment in crevices, much legend, practically no doubling, VF with minor flat areas and lustrous sheen all over from mounting in jewelry. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $5,000$7,500.

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9. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1710H, 2 dates, from the 1715 Fleet, choice. S-L25a; KM-38.2; CT-21. 26.9 grams. Well-struck Mint State specimen with full and well-detailed cross, bold full pillars, some legend (nearly full king’s name and ANO 710, which is rarely seen), full crown, somewhat lustrous, one of the best 1710’s we have encountered. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida, with Sedwick photo-certificate from 1998. Estimate: $9,000-$13,500.

10. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1712M, choice specimen from the 1715 Fleet, ex-Frank Sedwick collection, Practical Book of Cobs Plate Coin. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-23. 26.8 grams. Frank Sedwick, known to Florida treasure fans as “Dr. Cobs,” left a distinguished professorial career to become a full-time coin dealer in the 1980s, and soon carved his niche as the world’s expert in cob coins, specializing in gold cobs from the 1715 Fleet. Literally thousands of gold cobs passed through his hands, and, like any self-respecting numismatist, naturally he kept some of the best specimens to study and photograph; but at some point the reason for their being off the market gravitated more toward collector’s cupidity. Frank’s collection remained intact even after his unexpected death in 1996. Now, however, with record prices at auction for coins inferior to Frank’s “finest known” specimens, it made no sense to keep these gems off the market any longer. We are sure that Dr. Cobs would enjoy knowing that his coins are appreciated in every sense. This specific coin shows bold legends on a large, round flan, with particularly bold second date 712, choice full crown and pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, lovely butter-yellow gold color faintly tinged with orange, fully Mint State and lustrous, maybe not the finest but certainly among the top five of this common date. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida, and pedigreed to the study collection of Frank Sedwick, with special photo-certificate, also Plate Coin in the second edition of The Practical Book of Cobs (1990). Estimate: $15,000-up.

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11. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1716M, 2-year variety with rows and columns of dots, from the Loosdrecht (1719). SL28; KM-38.2; CT-28. 27.0 grams. Nice full cross and pillars, both well centered and perfectly defined except for the last digit of the date (which is slightly doubled), both sides inexplicably fraught with extra dots and more dots where lines should appear, XF for wear and somewhat matte surfaces from salvage, rare provenance that was undoubtedly a private cache hidden on the ship, which was salvaged in its own time. From the Loosdrecht, sunk in 1719 off the south of England, with original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

13. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1735/4N. S-L29; CT-50. 26.9 grams. Choice

full and bold cross with well-detailed lions and castles, full crown, bold full pillars with particularly bold second date 735/4 in legend, AXF with lots of red toning. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

14. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1750R, from the Luz (1752). S-L31; KM-47; CT-17. 27.0 grams. Mint State and choice, with full and beautiful cross-lions-castles with date below and mintmark to left, full pillars and waves, no doubling, round and thick flan with one area of flatness at edge but otherwise choice. From the Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

12. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1721M. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-34.

26.9 grams. Very broad flan with choice bold cross, full pillars, all

well centered and devoid of doubling, lightly polished AXF. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

15. Lima, Peru, cob 4 escudos, 1711M, choice specimen from the 1715 Fleet, ex-Frank Sedwick collection, FINEST KNOWN. S-L28; KM-37; CT-214. 13.5 grams. As stated in lot 10, Dr. Frank Sedwick retained some of the best gold cobs he had ever seen—and he saw thousands—among which this lot is hands-down the highest-grade, choicest bold-strike 4 escudos we know of, with HIGH Mint State details (cross-lions-castles and pillars-and-waves), not much legend but fully round and evenly struck, aligned obverse/reverse axes, lustrous and of a beautiful yellow color. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida, and pedigreed to the study collection of Frank Sedwick, with special photo-certificate. Estimate: $15,000-up.

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16. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudo, 1708H, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L25a; KM-36; CT-302. 6.8 grams. Nice full pillars-and-waves, full but off-center and slightly doubled cross, much bold legend (including king’s ordinal V), broad flan, XF-AU with sediment on fields. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

17. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 170?H, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L25a; KM-36. 6.7 grams. Full cross with some legend and good details, bold full pillars and waves but flat where the last digit of the date should appear, XF+ with sediment on fields. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida, also pedigreed to the “Treasures of the World” auction (Bowers & Merena) of June 5-6, 2002 (lot #1030). Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

18. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1736/5N, very rare. S-L29. 5.6 grams. Choice full cross, off-center pillars, exceptionally bold detail due to dark fields, part of edge lightly shaved, but quite rare like all lower-denomination post-Fleet Lima gold. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April 24-25, 2009 (lot 2510). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

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Cuzco, Peru 19. Cuzco, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1698M, from the 1715 Fleet, choice, Plate Coin in Diving to a Flash of Gold,

by Marty Meylach (1971). S-CZ1. 6.5 grams. Diving to a Flash of Gold was a landmark work about wreck-diving in its heyday, written by one of its most successful participants, whose certificate states he found this coin himself on the Nieves site of the 1715 Fleet in 1966. The caption below this coin in Meylach’s book reads “A treasure hunter’s dream,” which it clearly is, for its strike is bold and full on both sides, well centered on a large (“Lima style”) planchet, also with full crown and much legend, including C.II for Charles II and erroneous HISPANIRVM (lacking the A), and beautifully (deeply) toned on all the fields. We have seen only one other Cuzco 2E that was better in overall quality. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida, with certificates from Meylach himself (who hand-drew the coin thereon) and gold-cob specialist Philip Flemming , also accompanied by a 1st-edition copy of Meylach’s book in Very Fine condition. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.

20. Cuzco, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1698M, from the 1715 Fleet. S-CZ1. 6.7 grams. AU or even Mint State but crudely struck, with full but slightly doubled pillars and cross, small flan, lustrous and nice color. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

Bogotá, Colombia

21. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 4 escudos, Ferdinand VI, assayer S (style of 1749-53), choice. S-B27a; KM-27. 13.4 grams. Choice full cross on a perfectly round and thick flan that is broad enough to show some legend (just not the date), full but doubled shield with crown above and tilted denomination 4 to right, yellow-gold XF, scarce and short-lived type (as Bogotá 4E did not begin till the 1740s).Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

22. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, assayer not visible, rare style of the 1620s. KM-4.1. 6.8 grams. Full, thinarmed cross with tiny fleurs in the quadrants, a rare style attributed to the first gold issues from this mint, also full cross but no outer details or legends due to thickness of the flan, XF+ with sediment in crevices. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

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The “Mesuno Hoard” Revisited Shipwreck gold cobs are valuable and exciting items today, but in 1959 you could not give them away for much more than melt value. They had very little public interest until massive quantities of them from the 1715 Fleet off the east coast of Florida started to hit the market in the 1960s. But there was a small warm-up act before that big show, and its name was the “Mesuno Hoard” of 1636.

The first Mesuno coin to hit the market was in 1939, offered by Spink of London as a Bogotá two escudos cob “found at the shores of the Magdalena river” (for the whopping price of about £15), but sales of these coins did not begin in earnest until 20 years later, with public offerings by Schulman and Stack’s Coin Galleries in New York (for about $50 to $75 each), backed up by hundreds of specimens that went directly into jewelry. These were all Bogotá two escudos cobs of 1628-35* (mostly 1635, but usually without the date visible), with mintmark NR (for Nuevo Reino) and assayer A (for Alonso de Anuncibay) or P (for Miguel Pinto Camargo) when visible, and usually in choice UNC grade (what we would call Mint State today) as from a hoard originating in Colombia. It was known that the hoard was found in 1936 at a bend known as “El Mesuno” in the Magdalena River near the town of Honda in Colombia. Also called the Yuma River, the Magdalena is the longest river in Colombia, flowing northward about 950 miles through the western half of the country, navigable by ship through much of its lower reaches but plagued by shifting sand bars at the mouth of its delta. There was a short article about the “Mesuno Hoard” by C.S. Wilcox in 1943 in Stack’s Numismatic Review, republished by that firm in 1959, but little else was said about the hoard, and still in 1959 no one but hardcore numismatists cared about these lumpy cob coins.

The 1960s changed everything, however, with the introduction of thousands of 1715-Fleet coins to the general public and the publication of important studies by X.F. Calicó and A.M. Barriga-Villalba finally establishing a knowledge base about the early Colombian cob coinage. It soon became clear that the 1636 “Mesuno Hoard” had compelling numismatic significance, since it had provided virtually the only known specimens from the first decade of production at the Bogotá mint. When properly researched by Leopoldo Cancio starting in 1959 (culminating in a series of articles in the 1970s), the discovery of the hoard was shown to have been sloppily reported in the 1930s, mostly due to intentional obfuscation by the finders. In addition to studying hundreds of the coins from the hoard personally at the Banco de La República in Bogotá, Cancio conducted some general interest research and ferreted out the names of the finders and distributors of the coins in Colombia, among other things. But as we shall see, there was much more to the story.

Bogotá two escudos 1628 (left) and 1635 (right), both assayer A, from the Mesuno Hoard. Note the rusty stains from the original iron chest, and also note the different styles of cross.

In November of 2007 the Colombian newspaper El Nuevo Día published an article about the “Mesuno Hoard” with some interesting and rather dramatic revelations, which we summarize here. Entitled “Así se despilfarró el tesoro de El Mesuno,” meaning “This is how the Mesuno treasure was squandered,” the article tells how three fishermen brothers by the name of Guzmán found the hoard and rapidly depleted their profits from sales of the coins. It is basically an interview with 89-year-old Don Alfredo Gutiérrez, who in the 1930s was the best friend of the youngest of the three brothers, and it reads like a Latin American novela.

Gutiérrez relates that on August 22, 1936, at about noon, his friend Domingo Guzmán went down to the river to check on fishing lines. While there, he noticed something bright in the water, like the sun reflecting off a metallic surface, and jumped into the river to investigate. There he found the remains of a small iron box, inside which were more than 1600 gold cobs as well as gold chains and diadems (ornamental headbands). Domingo immediately grabbed some of the coins and then buried the treasure box on land and placed a rock to mark the location (hence the enduring myth that this was a “land hoard”). Screaming something like “We are saved! God sent us these coins!,” Domingo ran to inform his two older brothers (identified by Cancio as Aristóbulo and Jorge), who apparently thought he had been eaten by a caimán (big alligator), since he had taken so long to return from the river.

The three brothers then rushed down to the river to the place where Domingo had buried the treasure. They divided the coins into three even parts and put them into metal cans of a type used for butter. Then they also divided the chains and diadems three ways. Gutiérrez made a comment that back then greed and jealousy were not an issue; nevertheless, before telling the news to his brothers, Domingo had secretly set aside a few cobs that he later gave to their mother.

The first thing the Guzmán brothers did with their new-found wealth was to start frequenting a casa de citas, literally translated as a “dating house,” a euphemism for brothel. One of the most famous brothels in an area of Honda known as the zona tolerancia (“tolerance zone”) was located on Quebrada Seca street and was owned by Tulia Manzanares (the “madam”). Every time the brothers visited the brothel, the madam called out something like: “Girls, the coin doctors are here!” As the girls sat with the brothers drinking and dancing, the brothers paid for the favors with their gold cobs, up to five per girl—about a $10,000 value to collectors today! As the main river port in its time, and the only means of transportation between the Caribbean coast and the inland capital city of Bogotá, Honda was very prosperous and was an obligatory stop for merchants distributing goods. Englishmen, for example, could always be found there trying to negotiate the price of tobacco that was cultivated in the Department (State) of Tolima (which contained the town and municipality of Honda). The substantial foreign presence there attracted the most beautiful prostitutes from all over Colombia and around the world (particularly Italy and Cuba) to work in Honda. (continued on next page)

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A view of Honda, Tolima, with the Magdalena River in the foreground, taken in 1996.

So it seems most of the gold-cob fortune was wasted on luxuries, girls and liquor. But the article also relates a couple more subtle tales about the brothers and their gold. For one, in the middle of town the Guzmáns opened a puesto de carne (butcher shop), which at first sounds like a legitimate and prudent use of the money; but the truth was that, according to Gutiérrez, they sold libra y media por el precio de una libra, meaning 1½ pounds of meat for the price of one pound, with the presumed intention of attracting their female friends. The second “new rich” tale involved the requisition of a dozen custom-made suits for each of them to use on—wink wink—special occasions.

Of course not everything was drunken, carnal fun for the Guzmán brothers. The last story we hear is that they bought a car, probably with their final few Mint State “bogeys,” and drove to Medellín for more fun. Domingo eventually returned to Honda penniless and so desperate that he stole some chickens, got caught, and landed in jail for a few weeks. Still despondent after his release in the first week of February 1937, Domingo Guzmán committed suicide in dramatic fashion during the celebration of Santa Lucía by blowing himself up with a stick of dynamite in the center of town. Nobody seems to know whatever happened to his older brothers.

For this article the newspaper also contacted the Banco de La República in Bogotá, which had eventually acquired most of the gold cobs, presumably from the people who had been paid with them by the Guzmán brothers, but also from other lucky fishermen who had found some loose coins that had spilled from the original chest. (The ones found by the Guzmáns, it should be noted, were in choice condition compared to some of the loose coins.) Cancio identified two of the fisherman as José Ardila and Manuel Valdés, who sold hundreds of coins to wealthy locals Victor Guillén and David Londoño, with the bank’s permission, as it was not otherwise legal to sell the coins within the country. The Bank confirmed that today its numismatic collection still publicly displays some 500 of these gold cobs. The other 1100 or so cobs went out of the country, with the majority of the coins ending up in New York, as we have seen.

As for why the hoard was in the river in the first place, Angélica Araújo, vice director of the numismatic collection of the Banco de la República, commented that archives mention the loss of a champán (a large boat used in river navigation) in the Magdalena River at the time, and she believes these coins may have been a shipment to Cartagena to finance the construction of the castle of San Felipe. Since that would mean a whole ship, and not just one chest of coins, it is believed that the bulk of the treasure is still in the river, yet to be found.

Perhaps of more importance to collectors now is that we can and should refer to the coins as true “shipwreck treasure,” in the sense of Spanish doubloons from a Spanish ship, and not just a “hoard” with no specific record of loss or intent. Even if we do not have a name for the ship that yielded these coins, the “Mesuno hoard” will always be important as one of the world’s largest single sources of gold cobs, and practically the only source for early Bogota two escudos. * * * * The dates 1627 and 1636 are also possible from this hoard. Prior to the revelation of stylistic differences (particularly the size of the fleurs in the quadrants of the cross) between the early 1630s and the mid-1630s, it is likely that coins formerly attributed to 1630 were actually 1636, as in so many cases just the bottoms of the digits of the date are visible. And while no 1627 specimens are officially recorded for this hoard (or known at all), that date is clearly possible, as there is record of the Bogotá mint having received enough gold in December of that inaugural year to make about 750 two escudos, and also Calicó mentions the existence of an assayer-P specimen with overdate 1628/7.

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23. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV assayer not visible, from the “Mesuno hoard” (ca. 1636), mounted cross-side up in 14K men’s ring (size 11) with small diamonds. KM-4.1. 19.2 grams. Elegant men’s ring in brushed gold with a dozen tiny diamonds, the coin contour-mounted cross-side up with nice and nearly full but off-center cross, bold full shield on the other side (underneath), cleaned of course and with a few marks but technically high grade (at least XF). Coin (but not ring) from the “Mesuno hoard,” sunk ca. 1636 in the Magdalena River in Colombia. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

24. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, assayer A, from the “Mesuno hoard” (ca. 1636). S-B20; KM-4.1. 6.7 grams. Nice full shield and cross with small but clear N•R•A to left, crisply detailed AU, somewhat oblong flan. From the “Mesuno hoard,” sunk ca. 1636 in the Magdalena River in Colombia. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

25. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, assayer A, from the “Mesuno hoard” (ca. 1636). S-B20; KM-4.1. 6.9 grams. Good full shield and cross-and-tressure, with visible mintmark-assayer NR-A to left and denomination II to right, but all surfaces rather scruffy from thousands of small nicks, otherwise VF+, with gray sediment in crevices. From the “Mesuno hoard,” sunk ca. 1636 in the Magdalena River in Colombia. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

26. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1654(R), encapsulated NGC AU-53, from the Maravillas (1656). S-B21; KM-4.1; CT-176. Bold 654 of date (scarce thus), with nearly full cross and shield, but very crudely struck on an uneven flan with voids and flat areas. From the Maravillas (as stated in the slab), sunk in 1656 off Grand Bahama Island. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

27. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, (165)4(R), from the “Jupiter wreck” (1659). S-B21; KM-4.1; CT-176. 6.7 grams. Broad flan with full crown and shield, full and choice cross with extra contrast from reddish toning and sediment on fields, full 4 of date, clear mintmark N•R, some legend, including bold (HISPANIAR)V•R(EX) (lacking the M) on cross side, aligned obverse/reverse axes (a useful trait you don’t often see), scarce provenance, near AU. From the “Jupiter wreck” (San Miguel el Arcangel), sunk in 1659 off the east coast of Florida, with original photo-certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

28. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1655R, possibly 29. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, (167)6R, Charles salvaged. S-B21; KM-4.1; CT-177. 6.8 Lustrous and high grade (AU+) with full and bold cross, good but off-center shield (with old scratch), bold denomination •II•, clear bottom half of date, originally brought to us as a Maravillas (1656) find, but latest date 2E we have confirmed from that wreck was 1654. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

II, unique error with king’s name in reverse legend. S-B21a; KM-14.1. 6.9 grams. Broad flan with full shield and crown (bold) and cross, weak but certain assayer R to right and bottom of 6 of date, clockwise to which is “CARDLVS” (the O as a D) for the king’s name, an unlisted variety, VF with toning on fields. Estimate: $1,500$2,250.

grams.

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30. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, dated (170)3 or 5, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-14.2. 6.7 grams. Curiously oblong flan with full but partially flat shield and cross, tail of final digit of date visible, bold V in legend that could be misinterpreted as the king’s ordinal but is actually the penultimate letter of CAROLVS, XF with dark sediment/toning in crevices. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

31. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1713, bold full date, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-14.2; CT-16. 6.8 grams. Bold date, broad flan with full cross and shield (well centered), AU or thereabouts. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

32. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, posthumous Charles II, from the 1715 Fleet, choice. S-B24; KM-14.2. 6.8 grams. Small, thick flan with lustrous Mint State details, full cross, most of shield. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida, with Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) plastic tag and insert-card. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

33. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, posthumous Charles II, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-14.2. 6.7 grams. Full but offcenter cross and shield, bold (C)A(R)OLVS, uneven flan but bold details, nice AU. From the 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

34. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, (1)736M, choice. S-B26; KM-17.2; CT-392. 6.8 grams. Small, thick flan with choice full cross and shield, bold assayer M, XF+ with contrasting toning on fields. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

35. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip V, assayer S, rare as from the Luz (1752). S-B27; KM-17.2. 6.7 grams. Exceptionally broad flan with unfortunately weak details, still with clear F to left and S to right, most of shield, parts of king’s name, much tressure around the cross, heavily stained VF with flat areas. From the Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay. Estimate: $1,500$2,250.

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Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #8 (fall, 2010), deadline August 1 32

Seville, Spain

36. Seville, Spain, cob 4 escudos, Philip II, S-Gothic P to left, choice specimen on a HUGE flan. 13.5 grams. Truly one of the largest 4E we have ever seen, with 100% full legends and inner details (well centered), full crown, lustrous AU (or close to it) with small parts of edge flat or crude, very impressive. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

37. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip II, S-Gothic P (open) to left. 6.7 grams. Broad flan with choice full cross and shield, much legend (including bold king’s ordinal II), XF+ with contrasting toning and sediment in crevices. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

38. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer V. 6.7 grams. Crude strike (lots of flatness) but technically high grade (lustrous XF+), with clear mintmark and assayer, nearly full (but off-center) cross. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

39. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer V. 6.8 grams. Full shield and cross, some legend (including parts of king’s name and 16 of date), VF-XF with small splits in edge. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

WORLD GOLD COINS Austria

Bolivia (colonial)

40. Austria, 100 corona, 1915 (restrike). grams. Mint

KM-2819. 33.9

41. Austria, 20 coronas, 1915, Mint State. KM-2818. grams. Mint

42. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1795PP. CT-

State, no problems. Estimate: $800-$1,000.

102; KM-81. 26.9 grams. Lustrous

AU- with hairline scratches on bust, slightly weak centers. Estimate: $1,350-$2,000.

Please place absentee bids at www.iCollector.com/sedwick (use the bid sheet at the end of this catalog for fax or mail bids)

6.8

State with a few minor hairlines. Estimate: $100-

$150.

33

Bolivia (Republic)

47. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI,

43. Potosí, Bolivia, 1 scudo, 1856FJ, encapsulated ANACS

1751J. CT-72; KM-3. 27.1 grams. Matte AU with typically weak centers, toning and sediment around details, no problems. From the Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay. Estimate: $1,750$2,500.

AU-50. KM-114. Good strike, light reddish toning all over. Estimate: $200-$300.

44. Potosí, Bolivia, 1/2 scudo, 1845R, encapsulated ANACS cleaned AU-55 details. KM-104. Bold strike, lightly toned, high points slightly r ubbed but fields as struck. Estimate: $100-$150.

45. Potosí, Bolivia, 1/2 scudo, 1856FJ, ANACS cleaned/ defective planchet MS-60 details. KM-113. Bold details, lacuna defect at top, no evidence of cleaning. Estimate: $100-$150.

Chile (colonial) 48. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VII, 1813FJ. CT-120; KM-78. 26.8 grams. Lustrous AU with minor planchet flaws (laminations, adjustment marks) on bust, pretty red toning around details. Estimate: $1,250-$1,850.

49. Santiago, Chile, bust 4 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1749J. CT-133; KM-2. 13.5 grams. Mint State with luster around letters, central weakness as usual, significant rim-bump on reverse, popular as the first year of gold coins struck at this mint. From the Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay. Estimate: $900-$1,200.

46. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1751J, from the Luz (1752), housed in a promotional wooden box with gold-plated silver replica ingot, limited edition #154/ 170. KM-3. About 12" x 10" x 2-1/2" altogether. A gorgeous promotional package, housed in a heavy mahogany-wood box engraved with a ship and “The Treasures Of The River Plate” on top, certificates and plaques inside along with the coin and ingot (669 grams, a reproduction of lot #247 in the original Sotheby’s auction of March 1993), the coin lustrous AU with scratches. From the Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay.

Estimate: $2,500-$3,500.

Any questions? Please email us at info@sedwickcoins.com or call (407) 975-3325 34

50. Santiago, Chile, bust 4 escudos, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790/89DA, extremely rare. CT-unlisted (cf. 276); KM-unlisted (cf. 41.1). 13.4 grams. So rare as a type (and unique as an overdate) that only two examples have shown up at auction in the past century, the other one a 1789 with lamination defect (hence inferior to ours) originally offered

by Spink in 1936 and later as the Norweb specimen in 1997. Probably 5 of the type are known in all. Unfortunately this is a case where KM took a single auction result and extrapolated prices in 4 grades, and then Calicó just copied. For sure the type is rarer than the celebrated “rat nose” type of 1763-64. The present specimen is lustrous XF+-AU with slightly weak bust, no problems. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

Chile (Republic) 51. Santiago, Chile, 8 escudos, 1820FD.

KM-84. 27.1

grams. Lustrous

AXF with incipient toning, slightly off-center strike, one minor lamination flaw at edge. Estimate: $1,000$1,500.

52. Santiago, Chile, 8 escudos, 1841IJ, ex-Eliasberg. KM104.1. 26.9 grams. UNC with slightly weak centers (graded MS-62

by NGC for the Eliasberg sale), lustrous and with faint red toning, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Eliasberg collection, lot #1394 (ANR, April 15-19, 2005). Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

53. Santiago, Chile, 8 escudos, 1842IJ. KM-104.1. 26.8 grams. Lustrous AXF with a few stray marks but no major problems. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

54. Santiago, Chile, 8 escudos, 1848JM. KM-105. 27.0 grams. BU, no problems, lovely luster. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

35

Colombia (colonial)

Colombia (Granadine Confederation)

55. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1786SF, encapsulated NGC AU-50. CT-516; KM-49.2a. Lustrous and problem-free, the bust a little weak as usual. Estimate: $400-$600.

56. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1805JJ. CT-580; KM-56.1. 3.4 grams. Nice XF, just a few nicks and scratches, red stain on obverse. Estimate: $150-$225.

60. Popayán, Colombia, 10 pesos, 1859/7, unlisted overdate. Sed-unlisted (cf. 26); KM-unlisted (cf. 129.2). 16.2 grams. The 1859/8 listed in the references is rare, but this coin shows a distinct upper-right point of a 7 underneath the 9, which is unlisted and presumably new, also with parts of the legend recut in the die, lustrous XF, no problems, good coin for the specialist. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

Colombia (United States of Colombia)

57. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1819FM. CT-319; KM-64.2. 3.0 grams. Broad-rimmed VF, no problems, Estimate: $250-$375.

61. Medellín, Colombia, 2 pesos, 1871, encapsulated ANACS cleaned AU-58 details. Sed-34; KM-A154. Nice specimen with rubbed spots just to bottom-left of center (not cleaned all over), lustrous and starting to tone. Estimate: $100$150.

Colombia (first Republic)

Colombia (modern Republic)

58. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 escudos, 1832RS, contemporary counterfeit struck in gold-plated platinum. Sed-6 and KM82.1 for type. 26.3 grams. Strange coin with design close to original

62. Medellín, Colombia, 5 pesos, 1929, encapsulated NGC

with a “washed out” color due to circulation wear on the plating, which has exposed the platinum base (worth more now, but once inferior to gold), AXF with some scratches and toning. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

MS-65, scarce grade. Sed-54; KM-204. Lustrous and rosy red, just a few contact marks on neck to keep it from a higher grade. Estimate: $400-$600.

59. Popayán, Colombia, 1 escudo, 1827FM. Sed-3; KM81.2. 3.4 grams. Bold XF with scuff marks on bust, slightly grainy texture due to rusty dies. Estimate: $150-$225.

Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 63. Costa Rica, 1/2 escudo, 1848. KMPlugged Fine but with details still clear, popular issue. Estimate: $150-$225.

13.1. 1.4 grams.

36

Costa Rica (Republic)

64. Costa Rica, 2 escudos, 1854GW, struck in 1855 with old obverse die, very rare (3-4 known). KM-99. 6.3 grams. Bold AXF with slightly crude edge (as made), missing in Eliasberg and Norweb, must have been made from muled dies, for it is known that assayer GW began mid-1855. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

65. Costa Rica, 2 pesos, 1867GW, rare. KM-113. 2.9 grams. VF with die-crack on both sides, slightly crude edge (as made). Estimate: $500-$750.

66. Costa Rica, 2 pesos, 1868GW, encapsulated NGC AU-50. KM-113. Choice and lustrous, the obverse Mint State but the leaves on the reverse clearly worn (hence probably a net grade). Estimate: $600-$900.

Cuba

67. Cuba, 10 pesos, 1915. KM-20.

16.7 grams. Mint

State, no

68. Cuba, 10 pesos, 1916. KM-20. 16.7 grams. Mint State, lustrous,

problems. Estimate: $400-$600.

minor bagmarks. Estimate: $400-$600.

69. Cuba, 5 pesos, 1916. KM-19. 8.4 grams. Lustrous AU with incipient rose toning. Estimate: $300-$450.

70. Cuba, 4 pesos, 1916. KM-18. 6.7 grams. Mint State, lustrous and problem-free. Estimate: $200-$300.

71. Cuba, 4 pesos, 1916. KM-18. 6.8 grams. Lustrous Mint State with scratch below neck. Estimate: $200-$300.

72. Cuba, 2 pesos, 1916. KM-17. 3.3 grams. Lustrous XF+, lightly rubbed in center, some light rose toning around letters. Estimate: $100-$150.

Dominican Republic 73. Dominican Republic, 30 pesos, 1955, Tr ujillo anniversary. KM-24. 29.6 grams. Lustrous Mint State with minor marks on bust. Estimate: $900-$1,350.

37

Great Britain

Guatemala (Republic)

80. Guatemala, gold presentation issue 5 centavos, 1925, 74. London, England, half guinea, George II, 1759, from extremely rare (only 8 struck, of which 5 are still known). KM-238.1a. 2.2 grams. UNC with minor scratches and tiny edge-nick, quite rare and a key type to complete the modern quetzal series. A specimen of the companion-piece 10 centavos sold at auction in 2008 for $3000 (Goldberg, lot 2157). Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

81. Guatemala, gold presentation issue 5 centavos, 1953, extremely rare (only 25 struck, of which 10 are still known). KM-257.1a. 2.6 grams. Lightly cleaned UNC, quite rare and a key type to complete the modern quetzal series. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

the HMS Anson (1807), rare provenance. S-3685. 4.2 grams. Matte AU, just a few trivial marks, first coin (along with next lot) we have ever offered from this wreck. From the HMS Anson, sunk in 1807 off Cornwall, England, with salvagers’ certificate #AGC01. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

75. London, England, half guinea, George II, 1759, from the HMS Anson (1807), rare provenance. S-3685. 4.2 grams. Lustrous AU+, first coin (along with previous lot) we have ever offered from this wreck. From the HMS Anson, sunk in 1807 off Cornwall, England, with salvagers’ certificate #AGC02. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

Hungary

76. London, England, sovereign, Victoria, 1861, from the Douro (1882). S-3852D; KM-736.1. 8.0 grams. Typical XF-AU, problem-free. From the Douro, sunk in 1882 off Cape Finisterre, Spain, with Spink flyer and Sedwick certificate from 1998. Estimate: $350-$500.

77. London, England, sovereign, Victoria, 1880, from the Douro (1882). S-3856A; KM-752. 8.0 grams. Lustrous AU, no problems. From the Douro, sunk in 1882 off Cape Finisterre, Spain, with Spink flyer and lot card. Estimate: $300-$450.

82. Hungary, 100 korona, 1908 (restrike). KM-491. grams. Lustrous

33.8

Mint State, no problems. Estimate: $800-

$1,000.

India (British)

78. London, England, sovereign, Victoria, 1880, from the Douro (1882). S-3856A; KM-752. 8.0 grams. Lustrous AU or thereabouts but with lots of tiny marks. From the Douro, sunk in 1882 off Cape Finisterre, Spain, with Spink flyer and lot card. Estimate: $300-$450.

79. London, England, sovereign, Edward VII, 1910, from the Egypt (1922), with vintage postcard showing the ship. 8.0 grams. Lustrous and brightly cleaned XF with nicks and scratches in bust, black spots here and there, scarce provenance. From the Egypt, sunk in 1922 off Ushant, France, with vintage color postcard showing the ship at sea. Estimate: $400-$600.

83. India (British), Madras Presidency, mohur, Alamgir II, Arcot mint, date AH1172 year 6 (1758-62) but struck in the 1800s. KM-418. 11.6 grams. Bold and lustrous AU- with hint of toning around edge, the rims with light damage. Estimate: $350-$500.

38

Mexico (colonial)

84. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1799FM. CT-51; KM-159. 27.0 grams. Lightly polished XF. Estimate: $600-$900.

85. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 escudo, Charles III, 1765MF, encapsulated PCGS AU-58, ex-Eliasberg. CT-640; KM117. Attractively old-toned and problem-free, with desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Eliasberg collection (lot 3149), as noted in the slab. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

Mexico (United States of Mexico)

86. Mexico City, Mexico, 50 pesos, 1947. KM-481. 41.7 grams. Lustrous Mint State. Estimate: $800-$1,000.

87. Mexico City, Mexico, 50 pesos, 1947. KM-481. 41.6 grams. UNC with faint scratches on field from old cleaning. Estimate: $750-$950.

88. Mexico City, Mexico, 20 pesos, 1918. KM-478. 16.6 grams. Lustrous AU, no problems. Estimate: $400-$500.

89. Mexico City, Mexico, 20 pesos, 1959. KM-478. 16.7 grams. Mint State, with significant luster. Estimate: $400-$500.

90. Mexico City, Mexico, 10 pesos, 1959. KM-473. 8.4 grams. AU+ with particularly lustrous obverse. Estimate: $275-$400.

91. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, 2 pesos, 1945. KM-461. 3.4 grams total. Both Mint State, lustrous and problem-free. Estimate: $50-$75.

92. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, smaller gold (2-1/2 pesos and 2 pesos), 1945. KM463 and 461. 3.8 grams total. Both technically UNC and lustrous but with surface corrosion on fields. Estimate: $50-$75.

39

Netherlands (United) 93. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1711, housed in promotional box along with 2 silver ducatoons (Flanders, Spanish Netherlands, Charles II, 1673, and Utrecht, United Netherlands, 1711), all from DeLiefde (1711). About 9" x 6-1/2" x 1" altogether. This is a promotional set with the three coins displayed under a wood-framed glass top (the glass cracked at top left) hinged to a custom wooden box engraved with the name and side-view of the ship, the gold ducat a bit crude (small-flan VF, slightly wrinkled and dinged) but the two ducatoons rather nice (bold details, minimal corrosion and toning). From DeLiefde, sunk in 1711 off the Shetland Isles, north of Scotland, in custom wooden box (with glass lid) engraved with “Treasure of the ‘DeLiefde’ Sunk November 7, 1711" with 2 certificates. Estimate: $600-$900.

94. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1724, from the Akerendam (1725), with promotional display-box. 3.5 grams. Semilustrous AU with full but weakly detailed knight’s head, slightly out-of-round (as made), a very typical specimen all around. From the Akerendam, sunk in 1725 off Runde Island, Norway, with promotional display-box printed with THE LOST TREASURE OF THE AKERENDAM. Estimate: $500-$700.

95. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, from the Vliegenthart (1735). 3.4 grams. Lustrous Mint State with full knight’s head, slightly out-of-round (as made), nice specimen. From the Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands, with blue plastic clamshell box printed inside with “Treasure recovered from the Dutch East Indiaman ‘t Vliegent Hart (1735)” and certificate. Estimate: $500$750.

96. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, from the Vliegenthart (1735). 3.5 grams. Choice Mint State (some high luster), with full and well-detailed knight’s head but some nicks and minor edge-damage from salvage. From the Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands, with blue plastic clamshell box printed inside with “Treasure recovered from the Dutch East Indiaman ‘t Vliegent Hart (1735)” and certificate. Estimate: $500-$750.

97. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, from the Vliegenthart (1735). 3.6 grams. Frosty AU (lightly cleaned) with crude edge as made, some toning in motto. From the Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands, with blue plastic clamshell box printed inside with “Treasure recovered from the Dutch East Indiaman ‘t Vliegent Hart (1735)” and certificate. Estimate: $500-$750.

98. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, encapsulated NGC MS-62, from the Vliegenthart (1735). KM-93. Typically mirror-prooflike surfaces and uneven (slightly crude) strike, popular shipwreck gold coin. From the Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands, so stated in the slab. Estimate: $600-$900.

40

Peru (colonial)

Spain

105. Seville, Spain, double excelente, Ferdinand-Isabel, X at top, S between busts. CT-78. 6.9 grams. Popular type, nicely detailed XF with full legends, great portraits, just a slight wrinkle in the flan, which is somewhat normal. Estimate: $2,000$3,000.

99. Lima, Peru, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1792IJ. CT-9; KM-101. 26.9 grams. Polished

AXF with solder marks on reverse from former jewelry mounting. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Peru (Republic)

100. Cuzco, Peru, 8 escudos, 1832VoArSh. KM-148.2.

106. Seville, Spain, bust 8 escudos, Charles III, 1788C, mounted in 18K necklace bezel. CT-263; KM-409.2a. 31.1 grams (with bezel). The coin only Fine, polished and damaged but still well detailed, the bezel rope-like in design but not gaudy, with “18K” stamped in the loop at top. Estimate: $400-$600.

27.1

grams. Popular

type with 6 assayers’ initials, typically XF on obverse (lustrous) and VF on reverse, no problems. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

101. Lima, Peru, 1 libra, 1916. KM-207. 8.0 grams. Mint State with full luster. Estimate: $200-$300.

102. Lima, Peru, 1 libra, 1917. KM-207. 8.0 grams. Mint State with full luster. Estimate: $200-$300.

103. Lima, Peru, 1/5 libra, 1906. KM210. 1.6 grams. Lightly toned BU. Estimate: $50-$75.

107. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1776/4PJ, desirable date. CT-unlisted (cf. 449); KM-unlisted (cf. 417.1). 6.7 grams. Lustrous XF-AU, clear overdate (unlisted but not particularly rare), typically well struck. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

South Africa 104. South Africa, krugerrand, 1982, Mint State. KM-73. 33.9 grams. Mint State with a few minor edge-nicks. Estimate: $800-

$1,000.

41

108. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1776PJ, desirable date. CT-449; KM-417.1. 6.7 grams. Choice XF-AU with lots of luster and incipient toning, minor rim-bruise. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

109. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles IV, 1801FA, contemporary counterfeit made in gold-plated PLATINUM. CT342 (for type); KM-435.1 (for type). 6.8 grams. Slightly different details from genuine issues, the platinum revealed by slight wear on high points, AU grade. Estimate: $600-$900.

110. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles IV, 1807AI. CT-351; KM-435.1. 6.7 grams. XF, no problems, some luster. Estimate: $250-$375.

111. Seville, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles III, 1785C. CT-749; KM-416.2a. 3.2 grams. Decent AVF, no problems. Estimate: $125-$200.

112. Seville, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Ferdinand VI, 1753PJ, ex-Eliasberg, encapsulated NGC XF-40. CT-266; 374. Problem-free

KM-

coin with lovely old toning, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Eliasberg collection (so stated in the slab), with photocertificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

113. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1787DV. CT-779; KM-425.1. 1.8 grams. Lustrous XF-AU, no problems. Estimate: $225-$350.

114. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1787DV. CT-779; KM-425.1. 1.7 grams. Lightly toned XF, no problems. Pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #4 of November 6, 2008 (lot #103), with original tag. Estimate: $125-$200.

115. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1788M. CT-781; KM-425.1. 1.8 grams. Nicely struck XF, no problems. Pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #4 of November 6, 2008 (lot #104), with original tag. Estimate: $125-$200.

116. Madrid, Spain, 4 escudos, Isabel II, 1867. CT-111; KM-

Bid LIVE on the internet at www.iCollector.com/sedwick

Nice VF with toning around letters, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

631.1. 3.3 grams.

42

United States of America

117. USA (Philadelphia mint), $50 Eagle, 2008,

121. USA (Denver mint), $20 St. Gaudens, 1911-D. KM-131.

encapsulated Early Releases MS-70. KM-219. Perfect in every way. Estimate: $900-$1,200.

33.4 grams. Lightly

118. USA (San Francisco mint), $20 Liberty, 1890-S. KM-

cleaned AU. Estimate: $750-$950.

122. USA (Philadelphia mint), $20 St. Gaudens, 1924. KM-

XF+ with light toning and luster all over. Estimate: $900-$1,200.

74.3. 33.4 g rams.

131. 33.5 grams. Lightly

cleaned AU. Estimate: $800-$1,000.

119. USA (San Francisco mint), $20 Liberty, 1900-S. KM- 123. USA (Philadelphia mint), $20 St. Gaudens, 1925. KMBeautifully rose-toned problems. Estimate: $900-$1,200.

74.3.

33.2

g rams.

AXF,

131. 33.5 grams. Nice XF with hairline scratch on wing. Estimate:

no

$800-$1,000.

124. USA (Philadelphia mint), $10 Coronet, 1882. KM-102.

16.7 grams. Nice

XF with minor old scratches and significant edge-bump. Estimate: $300-$400.

120. USA (San Francisco mint), $20 Liberty, 1906-S, with Japanese countermark (unique). KM-74.3. 33.4 grams. AU- with lots of marks and luster, the countermark (worth studying) of unknown purpose and meaning. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

43

Venezuela (United States of Venezuela)

125. USA (Philadelphia mint), $10 Coronet, 1886. KM-102.

16.6 grams. Very lightly polished XF with lots of minor nicks, light toning. Estimate: $300-$400.

130. Venezuela, 20 Bolívares, 1886, low 6, encapsulated ANACS AU-53, rare in this grade. KM-Y32. Actual grade more like XF, but with much luster and some toning. Estimate: $400$600.

131. Venezuela, 20 Bolívares, 1912. KM-Y32. 6.4 grams. Mint State, lustrous, rose-gold color. Estimate: $200-$300.

126. USA (Philadelphia mint), $10 Coronet, 1899. KM-102.

16.7 grams. Polished

XF. Estimate: $300-$400.

127. USA (Denver mint), $5 Indian, 1909-D. KM-129. grams. Lustrous

132. Venezuela, 20 Bolívares, 1912. KM-Y32. 6.5 grams. Mint State, lustrous, rose-gold color. Estimate: $200-$300.

133. Venezuela, 10 Bolívares, 1930, encapsulated NGC MS66. KM-Y31. Choice Mint State, highly lustrous and frosty. Estimate: $100-$150.

8.3

XF, no problems. Estimate: $250-$350.

Venezuela (Republic)

128. Lot of 2 USA (Philadelphia mint) $5 Eagles, 2007. KM216. 6.8 grams total. Both Mint State and problem-free. Estimate:

$125-$200.

134. Venezuela, 1000 Bolívares, 1975, UN Conservation Series (bird with feather detail), encapsulated NGC MS65. KM-Y48.1. Near perfect strike and preservation, highly lustrous. Estimate: $1,600-$2,000.

129. USA (Philadelphia mint), $2-1/2 Coronet, 1901. KM72. 4.2 grams. Lustrous Mint State, no problems. Estimate: $250-

$350.

44

138. Venezuela, proof 5000 Bolívares, 1988, Marino Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KMY63. Just shy of absolute perfection in a Proof coin. Estimate: $500-$750.

135. Venezuela, 1000 Bolívares, 1975, UN Conservation Series (bird without feather detail), encapsulated NGC MS-64. KM-Y48.2. Near perfect strike and preservation, highly lustrous. Estimate: $1,600-$2,000.

Venezuela (Central Bank) 139. Venezuela, proof 5000 Bolívares, 1988, Urdaneta Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KMY62. Just shy of absolute perfection in a Proof coin. Estimate: $500-$750.

136. Venezuela, proof 10,000 Bolívares, 1987, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KM-Y61. Just shy of absolute perfection in a Proof coin. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

140. Venezuela, proof 5000 Bolívares, 1995, Sucre Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-70 Ultra Cameo. KMY73. Officially deemed perfect in every way, highest grade possible and certified to be so. Estimate: $500-$750.

137. Venezuela, proof 3000 Bolívares, 1983, Bolívar Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-68 Ultra Cameo. KMY59. Near perfect proof, slightly rose-colored. Estimate: $1,000-$1,200.

141. Venezuela, proof 5000 Bolívares, 1995, Sucre Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KMY73. Just shy of absolute perfection in a Proof coin. Estimate: $500-$750.

45

SHIPWRECK INGOTS AND BULLION Gold “Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean

142. World’s only gold-bar clump, consisting of approximately 2400 grams in two complete, long ingots fused together by coral, 20K. 2396 grams, 10-1/2" long and about 1-1/2" wide. We have never seen anything like this before: Two whole “finger bars” in lustrous gold strapped together nearly in parallel by white, wormy coral, a unique and lovely museum piece that has never been offered publicly until now. Like the other gold bars from this wreck, these two ingots feature fineness markings five times down the length of each bar on the rounded side, the markings here characterized by double curved X’s, the rest of each bar relatively smooth (save for tiny gas bubbles and scratches), with the topside featureless and flat. Naturally most of the value of this relic is the intrinsic worth of the gold, but we feel it has nearly unlimited artifact value beyond that. Nevertheless, this lot is unreserved and the opening bid ($80,000) is below melt value! From the “Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean. Estimate: $100,000-$145,000.

46

143. Complete gold “finger” bar #39, 1108 grams, 17K. 10" long, 1" wide. A full, long ingot of relatively lower-fineness gold, with the fineness (here as XVII) typically marked five times down the length of the rounded side, the flat topside caked with white coral in the middle, its surfaces lightly scratched here and there (some of the scratches clearly pre-salvage, as they terminate underneath the coral), bright yellow gold and impressive like all big ingots. From the “Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean. Estimate: $25,000-$35,000.

144. Gold “finger” bar #45, 668 grams, 17-1/4K. 6" long, 1-1/4" wide. About

half an ingot, typically crudely broken to split the value in its time, with three of the five fineness markings per bar in evidence (here as XVII•), a bit wider than most and of relatively lower fineness, attractively caked with white coral on both the rounded (marked) side and the flat topside, also with coppery stains here and there on lustrous yellow surfaces. From the “Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean. Estimate: $15,000$20,000.

145. Gold “finger” bar #36, 640 grams, 15-1/4K. 7" long, 1" wide. A bit more than half an ingot, the break partly chiseled and crudely broken from there, with three fineness markings XV• down the length of the rounded side, the flat topside caked with white coral, the bar surfaces pale yellow in color (low fineness) and dotted with copper spots. From the “Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean. Estimate: $12,000-$18,000.

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Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off Mozambique

146. Large cut piece of a flat gold nugget, 19.3 grams. Roughly 1" x 7/8" x 1/4". Irregular lump with white and gray encrustation in crevices with cut or break evident on part of side, very coin-like in size and weight. From the Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off Mozambique, with Arqueonautas certificate #IDM-002/02/1009. Estimate: $600-$900.

147. Lumpy gold nugget, 11.2 grams. Roughly 7/8" x 3/8" x 1/4". Very irregular and globular nugget with fine film of whitish encrustation on surfaces. From the Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off Mozambique, with Arqueonautas certificate #IDM-002/02/ 1012. Estimate: $300-$450.

148. Small, bulbous gold nugget, 7.9 grams. About 5/8" x 7/16" x 1/4". A gourd-shaped droplet, very irregular in shape, with patches of white coral on one side, the other side lustrous but bubbly in texture. From the Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off Mozambique, with Arqueonautas certificate #IDM-002/02/1014. Estimate: $250-$325.

149. Small, irregular gold nugget, 7.4 grams. About 5/8" x 1/2" x 1/4". Odd-shaped lump with one smooth side and one side bumpy, the former with several stress cracks and the latter with encrustation in crevices. From the Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off Mozambique, with Arqueonautas certificate #IDM-002/02/1116. Estimate: $250-$325.

150. Wedge cut of a small gold disk, 6.7 grams. About 1/2" radius and 1/4" thick. An approximately one-sixth “pie-cut” wedge from a small, flat disk, with light red toning and small bits of white encrustation. From the Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off Mozambique, with Arqueonautas certificate #IDM-002/02/855. Estimate: $250-$325.

151. Small, irregular gold nugget, 6.6 grams. About 5/8" x 5/16" x 3/16". Somewhat bean-shaped lump with rough surfaces harboring bits of encrustation. From the Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off Mozambique, with Arqueonautas certificate #IDM-002/02/ 1107. Estimate: $250-$325.

152. Wedge cut of a small gold disk, 6.6 grams. About 1/2" radius and 3/16" thick. An approximately one-fourth “pie-cut” wedge from a small, flat disk, very smooth and even, with a veneer of whitish encrustation on surfaces. From the Espadarte, sunk in 1558 off Mozambique, with Arqueonautas certificate #IDM-002/02/968. Estimate: $250-$325.

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Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

153. Gold “finger” bar #10, 687 grams, 23.5K, believed to be either contraband-, church- or tax-related since it bears no official stamps. 5-1/4" long, 1" wide, 11/16" deep. In the 25+ years since these bars were found, no one has been able to prove their purpose or answer to why, if they were indeed contraband, they all bear fineness markings (always XXIII: for 23.5K) and hand-engraved serial numbers (149-3 in this case). Also they are all neatly cast and all about the same weight. We feel they had some official reason for being—perhaps they were for the church or the king?—but in any case they are intrinsically valuable and intriguing. This specimen is lustrous and golden yellow in color, with flat topside slightly sunken as usual, stamped by the salvagers with “10A” on the rounded bottom. From the Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, with Fisher photo-certificate #82A-3959-10. Estimate: $25,000-$35,000.

S.S. Central America, sunk in 1857 in deep water off North Carolina 154. Lot of gold flakes and dust, approximately 40.1 grams, in original Sotheby’s packaging. 2" x 2" x 3/4" overall. A generous “pan-full” of natural gold from the California Gold Rush recovered from this famous “ship of gold,” one of the few original lots that did not (yet) find its way to promoters for re-packaging into 1.5-gram retail items. From the S.S. Central America, sunk in 1857 in deep water off North Carolina, in original Sotheby’s box with lot-sticker #575 / 21266. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

155. Pinch of gold dust (1.5 grams), officially encapsulated

by Collectors Universe, with wooden presentation box, certificate and seal. 10" x 4-1/2" x 3-1/4". Popular promotional item featuring a small pinch of the original natural gold dust and flakes from the California Gold Rush that were recovered from the ship. From the S.S. Central America, sunk in 1857 in deep water off North Carolina, housed in a 10" x 4½” x 3¼” wooden box with sliding lid imprinted with “DESTINATION: NEW YORK” containing a small booklet and certificate #5333 (also with unapplied foil seal for the outside). Estimate: $200-$250.

156. Gold nugget embedded in a 1-oz. Proof silver medal, officially encapsulated by Global Certification Services, Inc. 4-1/4" x 2-5/8" overall. Popular promotional item with a small bit of placer gold from the California Gold Rush embedded in a 49er’s pan on one side of the medal, the other side showing the ship at sea, with a brief history about the Gold Rush and the shipwreck inside the slab. From the S.S. Central America, sunk in 1857 in deep water off North Carolina. Estimate: $50$75.

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157. Natural 67-gram gold nugget that may be from a wreck. Roughly 1-3/4" x 1" x 1/2". A large, dense rock of gold, just as it was found in nature, with rounded surfaces from eons of rolling along river beds, probably found during the California Gold Rush and subsequently lost in a shipwreck, with green and tan encrustation in the bubbly surfaces, rubbed (for testing?) on one point. Estimate: $1,500-$2,000.

Silver “Tumbaga wreck,” sunk ca. 1528 off Grand Bahama Island 158. Large “tumbaga” silver disc #M-96, 18.03 lb. 8" in diameter and 2" thick in the middle. Massive

hemisphere of silver with nearly full tax stamp and part of another next to bold fineness marking IULXVI (1066) below assayer MS (a relatively scarce mark on these bars) on the rounded side, the flat side a wonderful terrain of bubble holes and ripples, no sign of an assayer’s bite anywhere. From the “Tumbaga wreck,” sunk ca. 1528 off Grand Bahama Island. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

159. Flat, rectangular “tumbaga” silver bar #M-105, 7.92 lb. About 12-1/2" x 4" x 1/2". Most of the topside is smooth and features a full assayer B~Vo next to serial number (?) RC above fineness IVCCL (1250) plus two partial tax stamps, very grainy texture on other side of bar, clean square-cut bite in one corner, lots of dark toning. From the “Tumbaga wreck,” sunk ca. 1528 off Grand Bahama Island. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

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Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

160. Large silver bar #757, 86 lb 11.2 oz troy, 2380/2400 fine, Class Factor 0.8. 36.5 x 13 x 8.6 cm. Typically bread loaf-shaped ingot with choice markings for a Class Factor 0.8, with bold manifest number CCCLXXXX and owner/shipper’s mark monogrammed GA (for J. Bautista la Gasca), clear fineness IIUCCCLXXX, and several tax stamps, with prominent “double scoop” assayer’s bite in center. Note the bar also shows a bold V for silvermaster De Vreder and B for his assistant(?), and the lightly encrusted sides of the bar show several pieces of embedded charcoal. From the Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, with Fisher photo-certificate #757. Estimate: $15,000-$20,000.

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161. Large silver bar #604, 87 lb 2.3 oz troy, 2380/2400 fine, Class Factor 0.8. 40 x 14.5 x 7.5 cm. Very curious ingot with deep bubble holes in top surface and erased markings of previous owners/shippers, also with exceptionally bold markings, consisting of manifest number LXXI, owner/shipper’s mark *A, fineness IIUCCCLXXX, tax stamps and at least the cartouches for the mine and date. Interestingly, this bar at first seems to lack an obvious assayer’s bite, but on one side end there is what appears to be cylindrical bite (as seen on Oruro bars) that was plugged and hammered flat (the sides and bottom of the bar more rounded than most), and one of the large bubbles on top was actually a “double-scoop” bite that hit a void. From the Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, with Fisher photo-certificate #604. Estimate: $15,000-$20,000.

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162. Large silver bar #523, 87 lb 6.88 oz troy, 2380/2400 fine, Class Factor 0.8. 39.2 x 12.4 x 9.2 cm. Taller than most, with sharply sloping sides, flat top with bold markings of manifest number IUCCXLVII, 4 owner/shipper’s marks, fineness IIUCCCLXXX, tax stamps and V for silvermaster De Vreder, also with cylindrical assayer’s bite in side, indicating that it was cast at the Oruro mine, nicely toned all over. From the Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, with Fisher photo-certificate #523. Estimate: $15,000-$20,000.

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163. Large silver bar #588, 89 lb 0.80 oz troy, 2380/2400 fine, Class Factor 0.8. 41.8 x 12.7 x 9 cm. Boldly marked with manifest number CCCCXI, owner/shipper’s marks monogrammed MB (M. de Muñibe), G and Y (G. de Yepes), fineness IIUCCCLXXX, tax stamps and V for silvermaster De Vreder, the cylindrical assayer’s bite near the bottom on one side end (rounded sides and bottom) as cast at Oruro, nice toning. From the Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, with Fisher photocertificate #588. Estimate: $15,000-$20,000.

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164. Small silver bar #820, 39 lb 10.08 oz troy, 2360/2400 fine, Class Factor 0.9. 36.5 x 11.2 x 4.7 cm. About half the height of the usual loaves from this wreck, with bold markings of manifest number CCCXCVII, owner/shipper’s marks AA or MAA in monogram, fineness IIUCCCLX, tax stamps, and cartouche for mine and date, with depression in one side end that must be the assayer’s bite (Oruro), rounded sides and bottom. From the Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, with Fisher certificate #85A-S820. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

165. Silver “barreton” #863, 17 lb 9.76 oz troy, 2370/2400 fine, Class Factor 0.6. 35.7 x 6.8 x 3.6 cm. Narrow, rectangular “rail” of silver with clear fineness marking IIUCCCLXX but nothing else except the usual V for silvermaster De Vreder in one corner, another corner showing a diagonally-sliced assayer’s bite, very bubbly surfaces. From the Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, with Fisher certificate #85A-S863. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida 166. Small silver “barreton” #500, 87.49 oz troy, fineness unknown. 11" x 1-3/4" x 1". A neatly cast rectangular “rail” of silver with cratered surface that does not appear to have ever been marked (hence probably contraband), with dark toning all over, among relatively few bars from this wreck and with valuable early certificate. From the Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida, with original Fisher photo-certificate #500M-80. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

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1681 Fleet off Panama (Boticaria site) 167. Small (molded) silver ingot (contraband) wrapped in pewter, 43.57 oz troy. About 4" x 2-1/2" x 1-1/2". A most curious item that the consignor originally thought was just lead, but then we scraped off some of the dark brown-gray surface and discovered a core of solid, bright silver—an ingenious form of contraband! Neatly formed, with knobby bottom and flat top and sides, circular pit at one end in top that mimics an assayer’s bite, no markings of course but still fascinating for what it is. Estimate: $500-$750.

Slot ter Hooge, sunk in 1724 off the Madeira Islands

168. Neatly formed silver ingot, 1950 grams, about 98.5% fine, with stamps of the Zeeland chamber of the VOC (Dutch East India Co.), cast in diagonal to the bar width. 5" x 1-1/2" x 1-1/2". Very carefully formed and well-preserved ingot, with choice markings of an 8-sided rose (Amsterdam silversmiths) and the Zeeland VOC monogram on one side, diagonal casting seam at one end and typical sunken pit with encrustation and diagonal assayer’s bite at other end, nicely toned and meticulously certified. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

169. Neatly formed silver ingot, 1960 grams, about 98.5% fine, with stamps of the Zeeland chamber of the VOC (Dutch East India Co.), cast in parallel to the bar width. 5-1/2" x 1-1/2" x 1-1/4". Formed in two slightly offset halves, with one end of both halves sliced and assayed, choice markings of an 8-sided rose (Amsterdam silversmiths) and the Zeeland VOC monogram on one of the flat sides (as opposed to the two sides that show the seam), nicely toned and meticulously certified. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

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Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 southeast of England

170. Neatly formed silver ingot, 1936 grams, about 98.5% fine, with stamps of the Amsterdam chamber of the VOC (Dutch East India Co.). 6" x 1-1/2" x 1-1/4". Typically neat and well-preserved rectangular ingot with bold Amsterdam VOC marking above billy goat in cartouche (unidentified silversmith) on one side, deep depression filled with dark encrustation at one end, lightly pitted and silvery from cleaning. From the Rooswijk (1739), with certificate and tag #RK05A00584. Estimate: $2,500$3,750.

171. Neatly formed silver ingot, 1901 grams, about 98.5% fine, with stamps of the Amsterdam chamber of the VOC (Dutch East India Co.). 6" x 1-3/8" x 1-1/4". Typically neat and well-preserved rectangular ingot with bold Amsterdam VOC marking above billy goat in cartouche (unidentified silversmith) on one side, deep depression with some encrustation at one end, lightly pitted and silvery from cleaning. From the Rooswijk (1739), with certificate and tag #RK05A04182. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

172. Neatly formed silver ingot, 1966 grams, about 98.5% fine, with stamps of the Amsterdam chamber of the VOC (Dutch East India Co.). 6-1/4" x 1-1/2" x 1-3/8". Typically neat and well-preserved rectangular ingot with bold Amsterdam VOC marking above billy goat in cartouche (unidentified silversmith) on one side, shallow depression with encrustation inside and diagonal cuts around it at one end, attractively uncorroded and lightly polished. From the Rooswijk (1739), with certificate and tag #RK04A0512. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

173. Silver brick, 100 oz troy, 99.9% fine, stamped USS CONSTITUTION. 7-1/2" x 2" x 1-1/4". A modern, generic silver bar cast by the defunct Constitution Mint Inc. of Provo, Utah, who used an image of the famous battleship to identify their products, also stamped with “CMI,” “100” and “99.9+ FINE TROY OUNCES,” all the markings on the smooth bottom of the bar, all the other faces rough, bright silver color all over. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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Copper Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

174. Very large copper ingot #209, 51.5 lb. Roughly 15" x 9" x 3". Like

all of the many copper “pigs” recovered from the Atocha, this one bears no markings and was crudely cast with very uneven surfaces, but this one is much larger than most, slightly rectangular in shape, and offers interesting green and white surfaces as found. With original Fisher certificate #86A-206 and recent hologram certificate #86A-209. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

175. Large copper ingot #162, 34 lb. Roughly 13" x 8" x 3". A moderate-sized copper “pig” among many from this wreck, with no markings and crudely cast into a somewhat semiovoid shape, its surfaces heavily encrusted with whitish shell bits and sediment, an interesting (but heavy) display. With Fisher certificate #162. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

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SHIPWRECK COINS (ALL SILVER UNLESS STATED OTHERWISE) “Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean

176. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer R (Gothic), rare first issue of the New World. S-M1; KM-10; CT-107. 5.3 grams. Round and evenly struck, with much legend (some backwards N’s) and full inner details (slightly doubled at upper left on pillars side), minimal corrosion, attractively contrasting toning on fields. Estimate: $600-$900.

177. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, G to right. S-M2; KM-18; CT-81. 13.3 grams. Broad, round planchet with nearly full legends, full inner details, one weak area but no corrosion to speak of, beautifully toned. Estimate: $300-$450.

Unidentified ca.-1590 wreck off the Yucatán peninsula of Mexico

178. Clump of 4 Peruvian silver cobs of different denominations, all Philip II. 42.2 grams. Thin and spread-out clump with one 8R next to a 4R with crosses visible, the other sides corroded and/or covered up by the remaining two coins (2R) and pieces of others in addition to coral, mostly uncleaned with white and green encrustation. Estimate: $500-$750.

San Martín, sunk in 1618 off the east coast of Florida 179. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer F. 13.5 grams. Bold oMF, nearly full shield and cross, typically corroded and worn, silvery in color. With Sedwick certificate from 2006. Estimate: $100-$150.

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“Rill Cove wreck,” sunk ca. 1618 off Cornwall, England

182. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer

180. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer

F. 9.9 grams. Well-detailed full shield, full cross, weak but certain oMF, minor corrosion and flatness, darkly toned. With photocertificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

F. 19.9 grams. Full but corroded shield and cross, weak but clear oMF and denomination 8, darkly toned. With photocertificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

181. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible. 16.6 grams. Small from corrosion but still with full shield and bold full cross and denomination 8, some dark toning. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

183. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer not visible. 8.4 grams. Very thin from corrosion but with good full cross and shield, mostly darkly toned. With photocertificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

184. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer D, Grade 2. S-M18. 18.8 grams. Oblong flan due to corrosion, still with good full cross and shield, most of oMD, nicely toned. With Fisher certificate #177019. Estimate: $150-$225.

185. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer A, Grade 2. S-P11; KM-5.1; CT-157. 20.9 grams. Good full shield and cross and clear P-A, lightly corroded around edge, contrastingly toned. With Fisher certificate #237108. Estimate: $250-$375.

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189. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1617M, choice full date,

186. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), Grade 1. S-P14. 26.0 grams. Choice full cross and shield (both very bold), full P-B and denomination o-VIII, traces of corrosion only around edge, attractively toned all over. With Fisher certificate #163469. Estimate: $500-$750.

rotated castles in cross, Grade 1. S-P19; KM-10; CT-129. 26.5 grams. Choice specimen with very full and bold ANO1617, assayer M, shield and cross, lightly toned, no corrosion, one of the best possible for this popular first dated issue, and also a rare error. With Fisher certificate #85A-262284, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

187. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), Grade 2, original certificate and tag missing. Sstrike (lots of flatness) but no corrosion, darkly toned, with at least most of cross and shield and assayer visible. With Sedwick certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

190. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1617M, bold date at 7

P14. 26.0 grams. Crude

o’clock, denomination as O-III-V, Grade 1. S-P19; KM-10; CT-129. 26.8 grams. This coin has the boldest and most complete 1617 date we have ever seen, preceded in the legend by (A)NO D, also with full cross and shield, lightly toned, no corrosion, somewhat squarish flan, rare denomination error. With FisherSinclair certificate #172153. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

188. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved leg), Grade-1 quality (certificate missing but replaceable). S-P15; KM-10; CT-126. 25.6 grams. Broad flan with tall edges, much legend (including full king’s ordinal IIII), full shield and cross and assayer, some natural flatness (where the planchet is thin) but no corrosion. With Fisher insert-card #209504. Estimate: $150-$225.

191. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (161)8T, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade-1 quality (certificate missing but replaceable). S-P21; KM-10; CT-132. 26.8 grams. Good full shield and cross, full P+T with tiny P, bold bottom half of 8 of date, no corrosion, toned all over. With Fisher tag #161392. Estimate: $250-$325.

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192. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1619T, Grade 1. S-P21; KM- 195. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (162)00T (two 0’s in date, a rare error), Grade-1 quality (certificate missing). S-P21; KM-10. 23.4 grams. Two complete and bold 0’s in date with no evidence of doubling, full and bold P+T, full but weak shield and cross, no corrosion. Estimate: $350-$500.

10; CT-133. 25.4 grams. Bold bottom half

of date, bold P but weak T, full but partially flat shield and cross, much crown, minimal corrosion near edge, nice toning. With Fisher certificate #263799. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

193. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1619T, full date, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10; CT-133. 26.3 grams. Choice full crown and shield, full but slightly doubled cross, impressively full date, silvery but no corrosion. With Fisher certificate #100013. Estimate: $600-$900.

196. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1, framed with its certificate on a wooden easel/wall-hanger. S-P21; KM-10. The coin 25.4 grams, the easel 12" x 13-1/2". Bold full shield and assayer T, full but slightly doubled cross, minimal corrosion, toned in crevices. With Fisher certificate #158144. Estimate: $300-$450.

194. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1620T, bold date at 5 o’clock, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10; CT-137. 22.3 grams. Very full and bold date in erroneous location, also nice full cross and full shield but with moderate to heavy corrosion. With Fisher-Sinclair certificate #96A-19532. Estimate: $500-$750.

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197. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10. 25.7 grams. Bold P•T (not the usual P+T), good full shield and cross, some flat spots but no corrosion, slightly silvery. With Fisher certificate #202629. Estimate: $350$450.

200. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10. 22.9 grams. Slightly oval flan with full shield and cross, light corrosion all over. With Fisher certificate #116159. Estimate: $275-$400.

201. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, 198. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10. 23.6 grams. Full but corroded cross and full “Z” of date visible, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10. 26.0 grams. Full shield and cross, the latter off-center enough to also show a bold “Z” (2) in the date, also full crown, P+T, round flan, no cor rosion but some flatness. With Fisher certificate #229721. Estimate: $300-$450.

shield (the latter off-center). With Fisher certificate #133612. Estimate: $200-$300.

202. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10. 24.0 grams. Full but corroded shield and cross (the latter offcenter). With Fisher certificate #209712. Estimate: $200-$300.

199. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10. 25.7 grams. Oddly diamond-shaped flan, with super-bold full cross (choice lions and castles), full shield and P+T, no corrosion. With Fisher certificate #142103. Estimate: $300-$450.

Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #8 (fall, 2010), deadline August 1

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203. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 2-. KM-10.

16.2 grams. Good full cross, most of shield but heavily corroded, with spotty toning. With Fisher certificate #263523. Estimate: $150-$225.

204. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade 4. KM-10. 18.1 grams. Big flan, with most of cross visible (shield flat), corroded all over but nicely toned. With Fisher certificate #166882. Estimate: $60-$90.

205. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers Q and T (where visible), various Grades (no certificates). KM-10. 13.1 to 24.1 grams each. In our estimation this lot is one Grade 1, one Grade 2, six Grade 3 and two Grade 4, based on degree of corrosion, all with at least recognizable detail but very typical for this wreck. With Fisher insert-cards #133650, 135781, 136839, 136106, 138679, 139197, 192049, 192631, 192641 and 192821. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

206. Lot of 6 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers not visible, various Grades (no certificates except for one coin), one coin dated 1617. KM-10. 13.9 to 23.6 grams each. In our estimation this lot is one Grade 1, one Grade 2 and four Grade 3, the Grade 1 with bold full cross and shield (very slightly doubled), the Grade 2 with bold (ANO) D 161(7) at 7 o’clock in the legend, and the Grade 3’s (one of which has an original certificate) all corroded but with full shields and crosses. With Fisher insert-cards #131423 (and certificate), 135102, 137024, 138394, 190177 and 192720. Estimate: $600-$900.

207. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer L, scarce, Grade 1. S-P3; KM-4.2; CT-321 (under Lima). 12.9 grams. Typically round and perfectly detailed, with choice full cross and shield, P-L, crown and legend, also beautifully toned, no corrosion. With Fisher-Sinclair certificate #ML290574. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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208. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer M, quadrants of cross transposed (scarce for this assayer), Grade 1. KM-9. 13.1 grams. Nearly full cross with clear lion (in wrong quadrant), good full shield with full P•M and denomination O-IIII, weak in spots but uncorroded, with contrasting toning. With Fisher certificate #118709. Estimate: $250-$375.

209. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-9. 13.0 grams. Slightly oval flan with good full shield and cross, silvery but no corrosion. With Fisher certificate #105709. Estimate: $250-$375.

210. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade 1-. KM-9. 11.0 grams. Full shield and cross, round flan, light corrosion. With Fisher certificate #121358. Estimate: $200-$300.

211. Lot of 5 Mexico and Potosí cob 4 reales, Philip III, the Mexican coin with clear assayer A (scarce) but the others without visible assayer, various Grades (no certificates). 6.7 to 11.4 grams each. In our estimation this lot is two Grade 2, one Grade 3 and two Grade 4, one of the Grade 2’s a Mexican oMA and the other a round Potosí with full cross (quadrants transposed), the remaining coins mostly oddly shaped due to heavy corrosion. With Fisher insert-cards #133839, 134931, 138867, 192936, 193512. Estimate: $250-$375.

212. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period), Grade-1 quality (certificate missing but replaceable). SP10; KM-3.2. 6.0 grams. Typically broad flan with finely detailed shield and cross, some flatness but no corrosion, lightly toned.

With

Fisher insert-card #132178. Estimate: $250-$375.

213. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (4th period), Grade 1. S-P12; KM-3.2; CT-509. 6.4 grams. Choice full shield and cross and P-B, lightly worn but 100% corrosion-free, oddly out of round. With Fisher certificate #128492. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

214. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (2nd period?), fragment. 1.8 grams. Clear cross and shield, weak but certain assayer despite heavy corrosion and thinning, nicely toned. With original Fisher tag #223114 (no certificate). Estimate: $50$75.

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215. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved leg), Grade-1 quality (certificate missing but replaceable). S-P15; KM-8; CT-355. 6.6 grams. Round and uncorroded, with full shield, full but doubled cross, well centered. With Fisher insert-card #132691. Estimate: $250-$375.

216. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer C/Q (scarce), Grade-1 quality (certificate missing but replaceable). KM-8. 6.4 grams. Round flan with full and bold cross, full but weak shield, no corrosion but much flatness, full and clear P-C/Q. With Fisher insert-card #131821. Estimate: $250-$375.

217. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1617M, Grade 1. S-P19; KM-8; CT-356. 6.4 grams. Full 7 of date and P-M, full but partially flat shield and cross, silvery but uncorroded. With Fisher certificate #217230.Estimate: $750-$1,100.

218. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1617M, full date, fully Grade-1 quality but Grade 2 on the certificate. S-P19; KM-8; CT356. 6.5 grams. Impressively

full and bold date, full but off-center cross, full but doubled shield, broad flan with edge-split, no corrosion. With original Fisher certificate #144226. Estimate: $350-$500.

219. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, 161(?)T, Grade-1 quality (certificate missing but replaceable). S-P21; KM-8.

6.5 grams. Very bold and full cross and shield (choice), bold 16 of date in tiny digits, nicely toned and 100% corrosion-free. With Fisher insert-card #131797. Estimate: $250-$375.

220. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, (1)621T, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-8; CT-359. 5.6 grams. Very crude flan (upturned edges), full shield and cross and 621 of date, no visible corrosion. With Fisher certificate #106831. Estimate: $600-$900.

221. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade-1 quality (certificate missing but replaceable). KM8. 6.8 grams. Good full cross and shield, no corrosion but some flatness, clear king’s ordinal III in legend. With Fisher insert-card #132919. Estimate: $250-$375.

222. Lot of 3 silver cob fragments (no certificate). 9.8 grams total. Three fragments of what appear to be Potosí cob 4R and 2R, some details, one with official number (hence certifiable) but the other two loose. With Fisher insert-card #111816. Estimate: $75-$110.

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Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida 223. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade 4. KM-10. 11.4 grams. Worn thin but with good full cross, clear shield. With Fisher tag #334 (certificate missing). Estimate: $60-$90.

“Dry Tortugas wreck,” sunk ca. 1622 in the Dry Tortugas, west of Key West, Florida

224. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer

225. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer

not visible. 22.2 grams. Broad flan with most of cross and shield visible, peripheries flat, minimally corroded, silvery. With original Seahawk certificate #91-1A-3299.0002. Estimate: $125-$200.

not visible. 20.1 grams. Thick and heavy (unlike most from this wreck) but with weak details (corroded and worn). With original Seahawk certificate #91-1A-1016.0004. Estimate: $100-$150.

Campen, sunk in 1627 off the Isle of Wight, south of England

226. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer F, very rare from this wreck. 5.7 grams. Thin but with very bold full cross and shield, full oMF, lightly corroded and partially dark, first cob we have ever seen from this Dutch wreck. With salvagers’ certificate #SA101. Estimate: $200-$300.

227. Friesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, undated type. KM-33. 27.1 grams. Full and bold lion and legends, no corrosion but minor wear and a few nicks, nicely toned. With salvagers’ certificate #CL003. Estimate: $125-$200.

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228. Gelderland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616, 231. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616, choice. KM-15.1. 27.0 grams. Full details on both sides, including legends, nicely toned, no corrosion, minor wear. With salvagers’ certificate #CL002. Estimate: $200-$300.

choice. KM-16. 26.1 grams. Beautiful details all over with a nice, satin appearance, bold legends, no corrosion, toned in crevices, one of the best possible. W ith salvagers’ certificate #CL010. Estimate: $200-$300.

229. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 232. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder,

1616. KM-12. 26.3 grams. Bold legends and full inner details, attractively toned, very minor pitting. With salvagers’ certificate #CL108. Estimate: $125-$200.

1616. KM-16. 24.4 grams. Nice full lion and bold legends, clear date but areas of moderate corrosion, attractively toned. With salvagers’ certificate #OR9. Estimate: $125-$200.

230. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 233. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616. KM-16. 24.9 grams. Bold full legends, full inner details despite light corrosion all over, one big scratch, nicely toned. With salvagers’ certificate #RD11. Estimate: $125-$200.

1616. KM-12. 24.7 grams. Bold full legends, full but corroded inner details, lightly toned. W ith salvagers’ certificate #CL010a. Estimate: $125-$200.

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234. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617/

237. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder,

6. KM-12. 25.6 grams. Off-center lion side with great lion and clear date (scarce overdate), minimal corrosion, nice toning. With salvagers’ certificate #OR14. Estimate: $150-$225.

1617, rare. KM-unlisted. 25.0 grams. Very bold full lion and knight, nice toning, light corrosion only, rare mint for the date. With salvagers’ certificate #OR7. Estimate: $200-$300.

238. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617, rare. KM-unlisted. 26.6 grams. Full but slightly worn details (no corrosion), one large scratch on knight, rare mint for the date, lightly toned. With salvagers’ certificate #OR13. Estimate: $125-$200.

235. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617/ 6. KM-12. 21.6 grams. Nice inner detail and bold legends despite moderate corrosion all over, clear date (scarce overdate). With salvagers’ certificate #OR4. Estimate: $150-$225.

236. Gelderland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 239. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder,

1617. KM-15.1. 25.4 grams. Bold legends and date and lion, also nicely toned, but lightly corroded all over. With salvagers’ certificate #OR8. Estimate: $125-$200.

1617. KM-13. 27.0 grams. Parts of legend bold (clear 161 but weak 7 of date), full but slightly weak lion and knight, no corrosion but part of edge mangled, nicely toned. With salvagers’ certificate #RD19. Estimate: $125-$200.

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240. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617. KM-13. 25.3 grams. Full legends and inner details despite moderate corrosion, richly toned. With salvagers’ certificate #WH016. Estimate: $125-$200.

243. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617. KM-16. 19.9 grams. Bold date BELOW lion (which is well detailed), a bit worn and lightly corroded, toned. With salvagers’ certificate #CL006. Estimate: $100-$150.

241. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617. KM-16. 24.6 grams. Bold legends and date, weaker centers, light corrosion only, with great toning. With salvagers’ certificate #CL005. Estimate: $125-$200.

244. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1623 KM-16. 26.9 grams. High-grade details on choice full lion, bold legends, satin fields, no corrosion but scuff marks at lion’s knee, hairline edge-split, super toning. With salvagers’ certificate #OR3. Estimate: $200-$300.

242. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617. KM-16. 26.2 grams. Well-detailed but fraught with scratches, minimal corrosion, lightly toned. With salvagers’ certificate #CL001. Estimate: $100-$150.

245. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1623. KM-16. 19.2 grams. Bold legends, weak inner details, lightly corroded, subtle toning. With salvagers’ certificate #CL008. Estimate: $100-$150.

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246. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder,

249. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1625,

1624. KM-14.1. 27.0 grams. Full but worn lion, bold full date, no corrosion, deep dent in middle, richly toned all over. With salvagers’ certificate #WH001. Estimate: $125-$200.

rare. KM-unlisted. 21.2 grams. Rare date (clear), nice full lion and legends, minimal corrosion, toned fields. With salvagers’ certificate #CL007. Estimate: $150-$225.

247. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder,

250. Friesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1626,

1624. KM-14.1. 18.3 grams. Clear date and mintmark, bold legends, but moderately corroded all over, nicely toned at least. With salvagers’ certificate #RD10. Estimate: $100-$150.

rare. KM-23.1. 21.0 grams. Bold details despite light corrosion, weak centers, clear date (rare) in small digits, lightly toned. With salvagers’ certificate #OR11. Estimate: $150-$225.

248. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1624, 251. Friesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1626, rare. KM-23.1. 19.5 grams. Bold full lion, clear 26 of date (rare), just a bit worn and corroded, nicely toned. With salvagers’ certificate #OR6. Estimate: $100-$150.

scarce. KM-16. 26.2 grams. Bold details, lustrous and lightly toned, with a few marks but no corrosion. With salvagers’ certificate #OR15. Estimate: $125-$200.

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252. Holland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1626, 255. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1626, rare. KM-unlisted. 26.7 grams. Full and well-detailed lion and knight, clear date and bold mintmark (unlisted combination), lustrous and high grade, no corrosion but uneven strike, with toning in crevices. With salvagers’ certificate #OR16. Estimate: $125-$200.

rare. KM-23.1. 24.3 grams. High grade and well-detailed but with distracting surface corrosion, clear date (rare for this mint), nicely toned. With salvagers’ certificate #RD22. Estimate: $125$200.

253. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1626, 256. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder,

rare and choice. KM-unlisted. 26.7 grams. Beautifully well-detailed lion and knight, lustrous and high grade, no corrosion but some dents and weakness around edge, clear date (rare and unlisted), attractively toned, one of the best available. With salvagers’ certificate #OR1. Estimate: $200-$300.

1626, rare. KM-unlisted. 26.5 grams. Very bold full date and clear mintmark (unlisted combination), high grade and beautifully toned but some weak strike, no corrosion. With salvagers’ certificate #OR10. Estimate: $125-$200.

254. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 257. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1626, rare. KM-unlisted. 26.8 grams. Bold full lion, weak but certain date and clear mintmark (unlisted combination), some good legend, light corrosion in spots, nicely toned. With salvagers’ certificate #CL009. Estimate: $125-$200.

1626. KM-13. 22.8 grams. Nice full lion but most of coin worn, good legends, some rich toning. With salvagers’ certificate #OR17. Estimate: $100-$150.

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258. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, date not visible. 19.9 grams. Decent inner detail but edges corroded, mostly darkly toned. With salvagers’ certificate #WH006. Estimate: $100-$150.

261. Utrecht, United Netherlands, half “lion” daalder, 1616, scarce, choice. KM-12. 13.4 grams. Bold full lion and knight, very bold full date and other parts of legend, no corrosion, subtle toning, nice contrast. With salvagers’ certificate #CL101. Estimate: $250-$375.

262. Gelderland, United Netherlands, half “lion” daalder,

259. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, date

1617, scarce. KM-13.1. 13.3 grams. Bold full legends (including date), weak inner details, light corrosion and toning. With salvagers’ certificate #CL102. Estimate: $150-$225.

not visible. 19.9 grams. Bold legends and full (slightly weak) inner details, lightly corroded all over but particularly where the date should appear, lightly toned. With salvagers’ certificate #CL004. Estimate: $100-$150.

263. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, half “lion” daalder, 1617, scarce. KM-22.1. 9.5 grams. Crude from corrosion and flatness but with important details visible (much legend), contrasting toning. With salvagers’ certificate #CL107. Estimate: $125-$200.

260. United Netherlands (mint not visible), “lion” daalder, date not visible. 16.5 grams. Very worn and corroded but with recognizable details (just not enough to identify mint and date), toned. With salvagers’ certificate #RD4. Estimate: $90-$135.

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264. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, half “lion” 266. Friesland, United Netherlands, half “lion” daalder, 1626, scarce, choice. KM-12. 12.9 grams. Exceptionally bold and complete legends, including mintmarks and date, nicely toned and corrosion-free, just the interiors a bit flat (as made), good toning. With salvagers’ certificate #CL103. Estimate: $250-$375.

daalder, 1622, rare. KM-unlisted. 10.3 grams. Bold details all over (lion and knight and legends), accentuated by toned fields, with a touch of corrosion and incidental marks. With salvagers’ certificate #CL106. Estimate: $175-$250.

265. Holland, United Netherlands, half “lion” daalder, 267. Friesland, United Netherlands, half “lion” daalder, 1626, scarce. KM-12. 12.6 grams. Bold legends (especially the date), weak interiors, minimal corrosion, subtle toning. With salvagers’ certificate #CL104. Estimate: $150-$225.

1624/3, rare. KM-unlisted. 13.5 grams. Full and well-detailed (high grade) lion and knight, bold legends, clear date with unlisted overdate (1624/2 known but not 1624/3), minimal corrosion, beautiful toning. With salvagers’ certificate #CL105. Estimate: $150-$225.

Concepción, sunk in 1641 off Hispaniola

268. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer 269. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. S-M19; KM-45. 26.2 grams. Round and totally uncorroded, with clear oMP and denomination 8, full shield and cross, much flatness but well centered. With Blanchard promotional wallet-type certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

P. S-M19; KM-45. 22.9 grams. Big, solid flan with full oMP and nearly full cross despite light to moderate corrosion, a very typical specimen. With Blanchard promotional wallet-type certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

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“San Francisco wreck,” sunk ca. 1647 in the Cape Verde Islands.

270. Choice clump of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P (where visible). S-M19; KM-45. 122 grams. A beautiful display of four very solid and uncorroded Mexican cob 8R held together in a wedge-shaped stack by orangishwhite coral, the top and bottom coins shield-side out, very impressive for just four coins. Estimate: $750-$1,000.

273. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV (1630s or 40s), assayer not visible, scarce provenance. KM-17a. 20.3 of shield and cross despite peripheral flatness and all-over corrosion, spots of toning. Estimate: $80-$120. grams. Most

Capitana, sunk in 1654 off Chanduy, Ecuador

271. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 164(0)(P), coralencrusted on reverse. S-M19; KM-45; CT-336. 14.7 grams. Bold oM and 164 of date, also most of shield, but edges “nibbled” from corrosion and reverse covered with encrusted orange debris. With certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

274. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)49Z, with crownedL countermark on cross side. S-P34; KM-19a; CT-508. 16.8 grams. Full shield with bold Z to left, full but off-center cross with full countermark, somewhat worn and thin from corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125$200.

272. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible. KM-38. 12.8 grams. Most of cross and shield visible despite extensive flatness (but not much corrosion), spot of encrustation, small chip in edge. With certificate. Estimate: $100$150.

275. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)649O, with arms countermark on cross side and reverse impression of same (brockage) on shield side. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 26.6 grams. Thick and solid coin with full cross, full but off-center shield, most of king’s name, clear date moved inward due to doubling, clear partial countermark (scarce to see even this much of it), curious brockage, minimal corrosion, edge-split. With certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

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276. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)49O, with crowned-

279. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned-

S countermark (rare) on shield side. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506.

24.4 grams. Choice, well-centered full shield with 100% full countermark, full but partially weak cross, toned, minor wear and thinning. Estimate: $400-$600.

L countermark on cross side and UNIQUE star-in-circle counter marks near edge. S-P35; KM-19b. 27.1 grams. Exceptionally clear countermark, bold king’s ordinal, full but weak shield and cross, no corrosion but some flat spots and uneven toning, but best feature (potentially) is a pair of small countermarks in the legend below the cross that are currently unattributed. With certificate. Estimate: $250-$500.

277. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (•1•6•)5•(0•)O, with rare crown-alone countermark on shield side. S-P35; KM-19b; CT509. 25.0 grams. Full shield with full top of crown countermark that is fancier than most, also bold king’s name and 8-O, cross side weaker and with dark encrustation but not really corroded. With photo-certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $125$200.

280. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(5)1E/O, with 2 countermarks on shield side (rare): crowned-O and common crown-alone. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-512. 22.3 grams. Very broad, thin flan with full shield and cross, the former with 2 full countermarks (rare), full ANO 16(5)1 of date, light wear and corrosion, minor edge-splits. Estimate: $350-$500.

278. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)65(0-1)O, with crowned-L countermark on cross side. S-P35; KM-19b. 24.4 grams. Nice full shield with bold assayer O, decent cross with nearly complete counter mark, minimal corrosion. With certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

281. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651)E/O, with crowned-L countermark on cross side. S-P36; KM-19b; CT512. 27.1 grams. Solid flan but bent and split, with full and welldetailed cross with most of countermark (the letter L weak), full but off-center shield, no corrosion but flat peripheries. With certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

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282. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651)E/O, with

285. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with common

common crown-alone countermark on shield side. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-512. 22.0 grams. Thin from wear and corrosion but with clear countermark on full shield, full but doubled cross, toned in crevices. With photo-certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $125-$200.

crown-alone countermark on shield side. S-P36; KM-19b. 19.4 grams. Thin from wear and corrosion but with bold full cross and shield and countermark, flat peripheries. Estimate: $175$250.

286. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned-

283. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651E (full date), with crowned-O countermark (scarce) on cross side. S-P36; KM19b; CT-511. 23.0 grams. Complete date, good full cross and shield and crown, light corrosion only. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

F (4 dots) countermark on shield side. S-P36; KM-19b. 25.6 grams. Crude, uneven strike, with full but mostly flat shield and cross, the countermark weak but certain, most of king’s name in legend, minimal corrosion. With certificate. Estimate: $150$225.

284. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(51-2)E, with crowned-

287. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649-52)(O or E), with

S countermark (scarce) on cross side. S-P36; KM-19b. 26.8 grams. Broad and solid (uncorroded) flan with good full shield, very nice full crown, full cross with countermark in center, bold 16 of date, lightly toned, flatness and split in edge. With certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

common crown-alone countermark on shield side. KM-19b.

25.9 grams. Bold countermark on full shield, good full cross, but edge crude and corroded. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

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288. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E post-transitional, (1)-PH-6 at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-436. 23.5 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves with bold date and denomination, but cross side corroded and not much contrast all over. With photocertificate. Estimate: $80-$120.

291. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. SP37a; KM-21; CT-438. 27.1 grams. Solid and well-preserved specimen

with nice full cross and pillars-and-waves (the latter slightly doubled), 3 bold mintmarks, 2 dates and part of a third, nicely toned and totally uncorroded. Estimate: $250-$375.

289. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S- 292. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-

P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 24.7 grams. Nice

full cross, full pillars and especially bold waves, contrasting toning on fields, minor localized corrosion, 2 dates and assayers. Estimate: $200-$300.

P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 21.2 grams. Large,

round flan with full and well-centered details, deeply toned, light corrosion only. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

290. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S- 293. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-

P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 18.0 grams. Good

full pillars-and-waves and PH, cross also full but heavily corroded, with large edge-split, nice toning. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 20.4 grams. Good

full cross and pillars-andwaves, with all 3 dates visible, somewhat worn down from corrosion but still quite nice. With certificate from the salvagers, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

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294. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 16.6 grams. Good full cross and full pillars-and-waves on the 60% of the planchet that is still there, the rest of it corroded away (with pitting on the remaining part as well), nicely toned. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

295. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1653E. S-P37a; KM-18; CT-745. 12.4 grams. One full pillar, good waves, doubled and off-center cross, 2 assayers and mintmarks, gunmetal toning, minimal corrosion but much flatness, also somewhat bent. With photocertificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

Maravillas , sunk in 1656 off Grand Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western Australia Bahama Island

296. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type

298. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1652P, full date. S-

III. S-P37; KM-A20.3; CT-432. 26.6 grams. Broad flan with choice full shield and crown, bold king’s ordinal IIII in legend, pillars side complete but doubled, much legend all over (full POTOSI), minor edge-split, minimal corrosion, lightly toned. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

M19; KM-45; CT-356. 25.3 grams. Typical

barrel-shaped flan with bold full date and oMP and denomination, good full shield and cross, nicely toned, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

299. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1654P, full date,

297. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, PH at top. S-P37a;

choice. S-M19; KM-45; CT-360. 25.9 grams. Very bold and full date and mintmark, most of shield and crown, nice full cross, deeply toned, no corrosion but some flatness, one of the most impressive shipwreck 8R cobs available. Pedigreed to the Sebring collection (ANR auction of Januar y 5-6, 2004), with lot tag #1606. Estimate: $400-$600.

KM-21; CT-437. 26.1 grams. Full but doubled cross and pillars, bold

waves, full 4-digit second date below cross, no corrosion but peripheral flatness. With letter of provenance from the National Youth Foundation (Kansas City, MO). Estimate: $125-$200.

80

“Jupiter wreck” (San Miguel el Arcangel), sunk in 1659 off the east coast of Florida

303. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •P(H•) at top. S-

300. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1654P. S-M19; KM-

full pillars-and-waves, full but slightly doubled cross, 2 bold assayers, minimal corrosion. With original photo-certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 25.4 grams. Good

45; CT-360. 26.2 grams. Long

flan with full shield and oMP, good full cross, solid and uncorroded, no toning but some copper stains on reverse, much better than most from this wreck. With JWI plastic tag #95 from 1987 and original photo-certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

301. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, 1659(V), “Star of Lima,” 304. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1655E, PH at top. S-P37a;

very rare. S-L5; KM-17; CT-661. 5.0 grams. Bold L*M and full 1659 date despite thinning from corrosion, also decent cross, the peripheries flat, lightly toned, small part of edge slightly bent, one of very few “Star of Lima” 4R ever offered. With Sedwick certificate from 2004. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

KM-21; CT-439. 27.1 grams. Full cross (very slightly

doubled) with well-detailed lions and castles, bold full pillars (also slightly doubled) with spots of thick encrustation, 3 dates, full PH, several minor splits in edge, very sold (uncorroded). With original photo-certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

302. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E Transitional (Type not discernible). S-P37. 20.6 grams. Decent but off-center and partially flat shield below well-detailed crown, 52 date to right, king’s ordinal IIII in legend, pillars side crude due to corrosion, toned, minor edge-split. With original Jupiter Wreck, Inc. certificate signed by Eduardo Dargent Chamot. Estimate: $125-$200.

305. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1656E, PH at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-440. 27.0 grams. Broad

flan with bold full pillars-andwaves, full cross, 2 dates, 3 bold assayers, minimally corroded and nicely toned. With original photo-certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

81

306. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1657E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT445. 26.6 grams. Full pillars-and-waves, full but doubled cross, 21/2 dates and assayers and mintmarks, solid but with minor surface corrosion here and there, also partially toned. With original photo-certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

Sacramento, sunk in 1668 off Bay of All Saints, Bahia, Brazil

310. Brazil, 500 reis (“S00” countermark of 1663 on

307. Brazil, 500 reis (“S00” countermark of 1663 on Evora,

Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis of John IV). 14.5 grams. Bold and deep countermark, good full crown and shield and cross, bold denomination 400, less corrosion than most but with many tiny edge-splits. Estimate: $200-$300.

Portugal, 400 reis of John IV), rare. 11.7 grams. Full shield, cross, denomination, crown and countermark, but all lightly corroded and thin, as is typical, scarce host mint. Estimate: $250-$375.

311. Brazil, 500 reis (“S00” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon, 308. Brazil, 500 reis (“S00” countermark of 1663 on Portugal, 400 reis of John IV). 13.9 grams. Bold full cross with

Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis of John IV). 15.5 grams. Very bold full cross, full shield and crown, choice bold countermark, lightly toned, typically thin from corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

deep countermark in the periphery, full crown and shield with 400 to right, lightly corroded, with crack in edge. Estimate: $200-$300.

309. Brazil, 500 reis (“S00” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis of John IV). 12.6 grams. Very deeply impressed countermark on bold full cross, full shield and crown on other side, toned and lightly corroded. Estimate: $200-$300.

82

312. Brazil, 250 reis (“2S0” countermarks of 1663 on Porto, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV), rare with multiple countermarks, rare host. 7.7 grams. Round, thin coin with bold details (full shield and crown and denomination 200 on obverse, cross with P’s on reverse, a rare mint), the countermark full and punched twice. Estimate: $200-$300.

313. Brazil, 250 reis (“2S0” countermarks of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV), rare with multiple countermarks. 7.3 grams. Strikingly concave due to heavy multiple countermarking in center of reverse, the shield on the other side accordingly flat, more legend than most and not too corroded. Estimate: $175-$250.

314. Brazil, 250 reis (“2S0” countermarks of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV), rare with multiple countermarks. 7.0 grams. Broad flan with clear countermarks, good full shield and crown, light corrosion and toning. Estimate: $175-$250.

315. Brazil, 250 reis (“2S0” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV), rare with smaller-thanusual countermark. 6.7 grams. Good full cross with tiny countermark (first we have seen), full shield and crown with clear king’s ordinal IIII in legend, moderate corrosion. Estimate: $175-$250.

316. Brazil, 250 reis (“2S0” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV). 6.0 grams. Particularly bold countermark, full cross and crown and shield and denomination 200, just a bit corroded (and toned) as usual. Estimate: $125$200.

317. Brazil, 250 reis (“2S0” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV). 5.7 grams. Bold cross, clear denomination 200 and king’s ordinal IIII, thin from corrosion. Estimate: $125-$200.

318. Brazil, 250 reis (“2S0” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV). 6.7 grams. Very bold countermark and cross, full but weak crown and shield and denomination 200 due to corrosion, toned. Estimate: $125-$200.

319. Brazil, 250 reis (“2S0” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV). 6.5 grams. Bold countermark, full cross and shield, some legend, dark and corroded and with edge-crack. Estimate: $125-$200.

320. Brazil, 250 reis (“250” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of John IV). 6.4 grams. Bold full countermark (using 5 instead of S), full cross and shield, but corroded and cracked on the edge. Estimate: $125-$200.

83

321. Brazil, 250 reis (“250” countermark of 1663 on Lisbon,

322. Brazil, 250 reis (“250” countermark of 1663 on

Portugal, 200 reis of John IV). 5.1 grams. Very bold countermark and rather nice crown and shield and denomination (with contrasting toning) despite moderate corrosion. Estimate: $125-$200.

Lisbon, Por tugal, 200 reis of John IV), different countermark (smaller, with simpler crown). 6.1 grams. Full countermark with tiny digits, full shield and cross and denomination but thin from corrosion and darkly toned, with edge-crack. Estimate: $150-$225.

1681 Fleet off Panama (Boticaria site)

323. Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV or Charles II, oMG. 24.5 grams. Thick and solid, with bold cross and oMG, most of shield, but with lots of flatness and a touch of corrosion, small spot of encrustation on edge, no toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

324. Mexico, cob 1 real, (16)54(P), rare. S-M19; KM-28; CT-1016. 2.8 grams. Crude flan but with full and clear 54 of date, good full cross, much flatness but no corrosion, nicely toned. Estimate: $150-$225.

325. Mexico, cob 1 real, (16)77(G), very rare. S-M20. 3.5 grams. Bold full 677 of date, oM mintmark, nearly full cross, some flatness but no corrosion, nicely toned. Estimate: $150-$225.

326. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (1651-2)E. S-P36; KM-12b. 2.7 grams. Choice full cross, nearly full (oversized) shield, attractively toned, no corrosion, scarce. Estimate: $50-$75.

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327. Complete Potosí cob denomination set of 8, 4, 2, 1, and 1/2 reales (only one ever available from this wreck), as follows: 8R 1679C, 4R 1678E, 2R 1674E, 1R 1664E, and 1/2R 1674.27.9, 11.6, 7.1, 2.7 and 1.3 grams. This wreck did not yield many coins, and only one 4R was found, hence this complete denomination set is the only one possible, and it is composed of rather nice specimens too (all attractively toned, some actually overweight): 8R with full cross and pillars, no corrosion; 4R with bold cross and pillars, weak date, minimal corrosion; 2R with nice pillars-and-waves, 2 dates, lightly corroded; 1R with choice pillarsand-waves, some wear but no corrosion; 1/2R with full monogram and cross, clear date, no corrosion. Estimate: $500-$750.

328. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1659E. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-907. 4.5 grams. Full but partially flat cross and pillars-and-waves, 2 dates, good toning, no corrosion but part of edge bent. Estimate: $70-$100.

329. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1672E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-599. 4.6 grams. Broad, thin flan with good full pillars-and-waves, full cross, 2 mintmarks and assayer, nice toning, light corrosion. Estimate: $70-$100.

330. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1674E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-601. 6.2 grams. Choice full pillars, full cross (very slightly corroded), 3 dates, 2 assayers, toned. Estimate: $75-$110.

331. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1676E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-603. 4.7 grams. Nice full cross, bold full pillars, CAROL(VS) in legend, toned, minor corrosion only. Estimate: $75-$110.

332. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1665E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1065. 2.0 grams. Bold full pillars and full cross (both well-centered), 2 dates, darkly toned, lightly corroded. Estimate: $50-$75.

85

337. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/2 real, Philip IV?, partial date 16(??) to right of monogram, rare. 1.4 grams. Nearly full monogram (P and S touching) with what appears to be a vertical 16(??) date to right (like on the higher denominations in the 1650s), most of cross (properly placed lions and castles, which is unusual for this mint), tiny letters in legend, minor corrosion but nice toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

338. Segovia, Spain, milled 1 real, 1652BR, holed. KM-92; CT-1084. 2.3 grams. Seventeenth-century jewelry! Clearly worn in its own time, with crude hole in crown above full shield, fortunately just outside the date above the cross on the other side, lightly corroded all over but deeply toned. Estimate: $50$75.

333. Lot of 7 Potosí cob 1R of Philip IV, assayer E (dated 1654, 1655, 1656, 1657, 1663, 1664 and 1665). S-P37a; KM-13. 2.3 to 3.3 grams each. Nice specimens, almost all with good crosses and/or pillars, some with multiple dates, attractively toned, only one or two with corrosion, lots of resale potential but several worthy of a fine collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

334. Lot of 6 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1R of Charles II, assayer E (dated 1668, 1670, 1671, 1673, 1674 and 1676). S-P37b; KM23. 2.1 to 2.8 grams each. Good crosses and/or pillars, not much corrosion, all nicely toned, some with multiple dates, one with edge-crack, most of collector quality but also good for jewelry. Estimate: $200-$300.

339. Lot of 7 miscellaneous silver cobs and fragments, various mints and periods. 1.2 to 7.1 grams per coin, 30.6 grams total. Some of these are cut down, others just corroded, at least one with visible date, mostly nicely toned, great lot for study. Estimate: $50-$75.

335. Lot of 3 Potosí, Bolivia, small cobs (two 1R and one 1/2R), dates not visible. 3.4, 2.8 and 0.6 grams each. Three decent coins (light corrosion if any, attractively toned, generally good crosses), just without 100% clear dates (all partial), the 1/2R rare from this wreck. Estimate: $50-$75.

336. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1682, rare from this wreck. S-P39; KM-22; CT-833. 1.9 grams. Like most wrecks, this one did not yield very many 1/2R, which generally stayed on land for local commerce. This one shows a bold date and most of monogram, full cross, light corrosion and wear but also nicely toned. Estimate: $50-$75.

86

340. Lot of 9 Spanish copper coins, most with countermarks (1600s). 1.8 to 6.4 grams each, 35.6 grams total. The typical “pennies” of their time, ranging from Philip II to Philip IV, denominations of 4, 8 and 16 maravedís, the majority with revaluation countermarks from the early to mid-1600s (some dates visible), mostly corroded but with at least some diagnostic detail on each one, good for study. Estimate: $175-$250.

341. Lot of 9 Spanish countermarked copper coins (1600s). 1.8 to 6.6 grams each, 31.2 grams total. The typical “pennies” of their time, the host coins ranging from Philip II to Philip IV, denominations of 4 and 8 maravedís, all with revaluation countermarks from the early to mid-1600s (some dates visible), mostly corroded but with at least some diagnostic detail on each one, good for study. Estimate: $175-$250.

Consolación, sunk in 1681 off Ecuador

342. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1656E, PH at top. S-P37a; 344. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1661E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-

KM-21; CT-440. 20.3 grams. Full pillars and crown, bold waves, full cross, 2 dates, moderate corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090234. Estimate: $125-$200.

450. 20.9 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves, full cross, 3 clear dates

and 2 assayers, moderately corroded. With ROBCAR certificate #M090236. Estimate: $125-$200.

343. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1660E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT- 345. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1662E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-

448. 20.9 grams. Good

full cross and pillars despite moderate corrosion, hint of doubling, edge-split, parts of 3 dates. With ROBCAR certificate #M090278. Estimate: $125-$200.

451. 20.2 grams. Full

87

but partially flat cross with bold date and assayer and mintmark, bold but doubled pillars with 2 bold mintmarks, corroded and split twice in edge. With ROBCAR certificate #M090290. Estimate: $125-$200.

346. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1662E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-

349. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

451. 23.3 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves with full second date

343. 18.7 grams. Good

in legend, corroded cross. With ROBCAR certificate #M090291. Estimate: $125-$200.

full cross, full pillars, 2 assayers and 3 mintmarks, worn and corroded. With ROBCAR certificate #M090254. Estimate: $125-$200.

347. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1664E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-

350. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1673E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

453. 16.5 grams. Very full and bold PHILIPPVS IIII in legend to

348. 19.7 grams. Bold but slightly doubled cross with exceptional

right of full cross, particularly bold waves with POTOSI in legend on that side, 3 assayers, thin from corrosion but still well detailed. With ROBCAR certificate #M090338. Estimate: $125-$200.

castles, full pillars, typically corroded. With ROBCAR certificate #M090257. Estimate: $125-$200.

351. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1673E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT348. 19.1 grams. Bold

ANO (1)673 in legend, crude inner details (cross still decent), partially corroded, edge-split. With ROBCAR certificate #M090296. Estimate: $125-$200.

348. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1665E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT454. 19.4 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves, full cross, 2 dates and

assayers, 3 mintmarks, corroded but well detailed. With ROBCAR certificate #M090233. Estimate: $125-$200.

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352. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT- 355. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT350. 17.1 grams. Bold but doubled pillars-and-waves, full but off-

full cross and pillars-and-waves, 2 clear dates and mintmarks, corroded as usual. With ROBCAR certificate #M090261. Estimate: $125-$200.

350. 19.6 grams. Good

center and corroded cross, edge-split. With ROBCAR certificate #M090258. Estimate: $125-$200.

353. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT- 356. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1676E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT350. 18.2 grams. Well-detailed pillars side with full 1675 date in legend, nearly full cross with third date below, typically corroded. With ROBCAR certificate #M090259. Estimate: $125$200.

351. 18.7 grams. Full cross, bold date above full waves, 2 mintmarks

and 3 assayers, edge-crack, thin and worn from corrosion. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

357. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1676E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT354. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

351. 15.8 grams. Full

but off-center cross and pillars-and-waves, peripheral flatness, thin from cor rosion. W ith photocertificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

350. 19.2 grams. Full cross and pillars-and-waves but corroded all

over and thin around the edge, 2-1/2 dates visible. With ROBCAR certificate #M090260. Estimate: $125-$200.

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358. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1676E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

361. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

351. 18.8 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves, bold cross with particularly well-detailed lions, 2 assayers and mintmarks, typical corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090263. Estimate: $125-$200.

352. 17.9 grams. Small flan (from corrosion), with 2 dates, 3 mintmarks, most of cross and pillars but much flatness. With ROBCAR certificate #M090243. Estimate: $125-$200.

359. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

362. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

352. 19.8 grams. Two dates and mintmarks and assayers, good full

352. 16.0 grams. Two

cross and pillars, bold waves, light corrosion only. With ROBCAR certificate #M090232. Estimate: $125-$200.

dates (bold 67 in legend), CARO(LVS), denomination 8, the cross and pillars technically full but crude from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090265. Estimate: $125-$200.

360. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

363. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

352. 19.6 grams. Three dates and mintmarks, full cross and pillars,

352. 18.4 grams. Full

moderate corrosion, oblong flan. With ROBCAR certificate #M090241. Estimate: $125-$200.

but doubled 1677 in legend, full cross with 77 below, also full pillars, 2 mintmarks and assayers, thin from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090287. Estimate: $125-$200.

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364. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT352. 20.7 grams. Great

full cross and very bold full pillars-andwaves, 2 dates and assayers, 3 mintmarks, small from peripheral corrosion but surfaces better than most. With ROBCAR certificate #M090294. Estimate: $125-$200.

367. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT354. 17.7 grams. Full

cross above clear date, one full pillar with second date and bold denomination, darkly toned and more worn (from corrosion) than most. With photocertificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

365. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT- 368. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT352. 19.1 grams. Bold

full pillars-and-waves, full cross, 2 bold mintmarks, parts of 3 dates, some pitting from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090297. Estimate: $125-$200.

354. 20.5 grams. Bold full pillars, corroded cross, 3 assayers.

With

ROBCAR certificate #M090271. Estimate: $125-$200.

366. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT- 369. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CTflan with bold full cross and pillars and especially bold waves, 3 dates, edge-split, typically corroded. With ROBCAR certificate #M090298. Estimate: $125$200.

354. 18.5 grams. Full pillars and cross with especially well-detailed

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352. 18.3 grams. Broad

castles and one lion, light corrosion only. With ROBCAR certificate #M090272. Estimate: $125-$200.

91

370. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

373. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

354. 18.6 grams. Full

but doubled pillars-and-waves, full but offcenter cross, corroded. With ROBCAR certificate #M090285. Estimate: $125-$200.

354. 19.5 grams. Rather

371. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

374. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT-

354. 19.1 grams. Full pillars and cross, corroded all over, edgesplit. With ROBCAR certificate #M090286. Estimate: $125$200.

357. 21.2 grams.

372. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-

375. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT-

354. 19.4 grams. Off-center strike with bold full pillars-and-waves,

357. 22.2 grams. Broad, barrel-shaped flan with full cross, full but

slightly doubled cross, (C)AROLVS in legend, 2 dates, 3 assayers, less corrosion than most. With ROBCAR certificate #M090289. Estimate: $125-$200.

slightly doubled pillars-and-waves, 2 dates, 3 assayers and mintmarks, hairline edge-split, lightly cor roded and toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

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large edge-crack, bold full waves, good cross, 2 dates, much flatness but not a lot of corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090295. Estimate: $125-$200.

Very nice and full pillars-and-waves (well centered), off-center cross, 2 dates and 3 assayers, some corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.

92

376. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT- 379. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT1679 in legend below full and bold waves, full but weak cross, 2 assayers, corroded and edge a bit crude. With ROBCAR certificate #M090230. Estimate: $125$200.

357. 19.7 grams. Full but corroded pillars-and-waves, slightly off-

377. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT357. 20.0 grams. Curiously large edge-crack, bold pillars with date

380. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT-

357. 20.7 grams. Full

center cross with full and well-detailed crown above. With ROBCAR certificate #M090246. Estimate: $125-$200.

357. 17.6 grams. Nice full cross, bold but doubled pillars-and-waves

and assayer, decent cross with bold P, some corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090238. Estimate: $125-$200.

with full crown, 2 dates, king’s ordinal II in legend, thin from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090277. Estimate: $125-$200.

378. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT357. 21.2 grams. Bold

pillars-side details including 2 dates, nearly full cross, lightly corroded and with edge-crack. With ROBCAR certificate #M090239. Estimate: $125-$200.

381. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT357. 22.1 grams. Bold waves below corroded pillars, good full cross,

2 bold assayers. With ROBCAR certificate #M090280. Estimate: $125-$200.

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382. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CTfull pillars-and-waves and cross but both doubled, 3 assayers, small diameter from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090283. Estimate: $125-$200.

357. 17.7 grams. Bold

385. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CTfull cross with bold date below, full but doubled pillars, corroded all over. With ROBCAR certificate #M090231. Estimate: $125-$200.

359. 20.4 grams. Good

383. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT357. 21.9 grams. Full

pillars and bold waves with 2 dates and assayers on that side, decent full cross, some flatness and corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090288. Estimate: $125-$200.

386. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CT-

384. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT-

387. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CT-

357. 14.8 grams. Very

359. 20.2 grams. Broad,

359. 19.2 grams. Good full cross, full but doubled pillars, typically

corroded, one edge-split. W ith ROBCAR certificate #M090274. Estimate: $125-$200.

thin from corrosion but with bold assayer and clear date, doubled pillars, two small edge-splits. With photocertificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

roundish flan with bold full pillars and cross, 2 mintmarks, thin from corrosion, toned on fields. With ROBCAR certificate #M090275. Estimate: $125-$200.

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388. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CT- 391. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CTfull cross, full but pitted pillars, 2 dates and assayers. With ROBCAR certificate #M090276. Estimate: $125-$200.

full pillars-and-waves, full but off-center cross (also a bit doubled), not so corroded as most. With ROBCAR certificate #M090293. Estimate: $125-$200.

359. 21.3 grams. Bold

359. 20.3 grams. Good

389. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CT- 392. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CT359. 19.2 grams. Very bold full pillars-and-waves, good full cross,

359. 21.1 grams. Broad flan with full but doubled pillars-and-waves,

edges thin from corrosion, 2 dates, 3 assayers. With ROBCAR certificate #M090281. Estimate: $125-$200.

full but off-center cross, corroded as usual. With ROBCAR certificate #M090299. Estimate: $125-$200.

390. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CT- 393. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-26; CT359. 19.1 grams. Full waves and one full pillar, crude but full cross,

3 dates, corroded all over. With ROBCAR certificate #M090282. Estimate: $125-$200.

361. 17.7 grams. Thin from corrosion but with clear CAROL(VS) and 3 dates, full pillars-and-waves and cross, nicely toned. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

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394. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-26; CTBarrel-shaped flan with full CAROLV(S), exceptional waves, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks, thin from corrosion all over. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

361. 18.2 grams.

398. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-26; CTand well-centered pillars-and-waves, good but off-center cross, 2 dates and mintmarks, typically corroded. With ROBCAR certificate #M090284. Estimate: $125$200.

361. 20.5 grams. Nice

395. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-26; CT361. 20.2 grams. Nice full pillars-and-waves, bold full cross, 2 dates

and mintmarks and assayers, some corrosion but good contrast from toning. With ROBCAR certificate #M090235. Estimate: $125-$200.

399. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-26; CT361. 20.6 grams. Full

cross, bold waves with 2 dates on that side, full PERV in legend, much flatness and minor pitting. With ROBCAR certificate #M090292. Estimate: $125-$200.

396. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-26; CT361. 20.0 grams. Nice, full and well-centered pillars-and-waves with

well-detailed crown at top, full but off-center and corroded cross. With ROBCAR certificate #M090245. Estimate: $125$200.

397. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-26; CT361. 18.4 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves, full but doubled and

off-center cross, corroded but good contrast, one edgesplit. With ROBCAR certificate #M090279. Estimate: $125$200.

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403. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1663E. S-P37a; KM-18; CT755. 7.4 grams. Very

thin from corrosion but with full cross and pillars-and-waves, 2-1/2 dates. With ROBCAR certificate #M090303. Estimate: $100-$150.

400. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-26; CT361. 20.1 grams. Broad flan with nice full crown, pillars and waves, good full cross, 2 dates and assayers, some flat spots and corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090340. Estimate: $125-$200.

404. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT500. 4.5 grams. Full

cross, but edges and pillars side heavily corroded, good toning. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100$150.

401. Clump of 7 Potosí, Bolivia, silver cobs (two 8R and five 1R), all well preserved. 57.9 grams. Tight, clean stack with a 1R on the bottom topped by two 8R and then four more 1R on top, each coin nicely toned and well detailed despite light to moderate corrosion, ver y solid and attractive. With certificate. Estimate: $350-$500.

405. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT502. 11.7 grams. Bold

waves and cross, 2 bold dates plus part of another, some flatness but not much corrosion, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

402. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1663E. S-P37a; KM-18; CT755. 9.3 grams. Heavily

corroded but with clear date below full cross, roundish flan. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

406. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT502. 8.2 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves, full cross, 3 assayers,

but thin from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090309. Estimate: $100-$150.

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407. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT-502. 9.4 grams. Nice details on both sides (full cross and pillars-andwaves) despite usual corrosion and large edge-crack, 2 dates. With ROBCAR certificate #M090308. Estimate: $100-$150.

408. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT-503. 7.7 grams. Corroded and mostly flat but with bold second date in legend, bold waves, decent but off-center cross. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

409. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT-503. 6.9 grams. Full pillars with bold date, messy cross due to heavy corrosion. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

410. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT-503. 4.2 grams. Very thin from corrosion but with bold full pillars and 2 dates. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

411. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT-503. 7.9 grams. Lot of nice detail (full cross and pillars-and-waves, 2 dates) despite thinning from corrosion, broad flan with crude edge. With ROBCAR certificate #M090306. Estimate: $100-$150.

412. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT-503. 8.2 grams. Good centers (bold pillars, 2 dates) but flat peripheries, some corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090302. Estimate: $100-$150.

413. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-25; CT-505. 8.9 grams. Well detailed on both sides (full cross and pillars, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers), toned, lightly corroded all over. With ROBCAR certificate #M090310. Estimate: $100-$150.

414. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-25; CT-505. 8.7 grams. Full but off-center pillars, full but doubled cross, 2 assayers, pitted from corrosion. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

415. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-25; CT-505. 7.1 grams. Two dates, but otherwise mostly flat (weak strike) and thin (corroded). With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

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416. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-25; CT-505. 7.1 grams. Bold pillars and cross, 2 dates, splits in edge, somewhat smooth from corrosion wear. With ROBCAR certificate #M090301. Estimate: $100-$150.

417. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-506. 13.4 grams. Two bold dates, choice lion and castle (one of each), some peripheral pitting and flatness but much more solid than usual. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

418. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-506. 10.9 grams. Two dates, bold waves, strip of central flatness, some corrosion. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

419. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-506. 8.6 grams. Mostly corroded and flat but with full cross at least, toned. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

420. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-506. 10.3 grams. Bold but off-center details, some corrosion, edgesplit. With ROBCAR certificate #M090305. Estimate: $100-$150.

421. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-506. 8.0 grams. Choice full pillars, crude cross due to corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090304. Estimate: $100-$150.

422. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-506. 9.1 grams. Full but partially flat pillars and cross, 3 assayers, thin from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090300. Estimate: $100-$150.

423. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-507. 6.3 grams. Broad but (corroded) thin flan with good full cross and pillars, 2 bold dates. With ROBCAR certificate #M090311. Estimate: $100-$150.

424. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-507. 7.8 grams. Small, roundish flan with full cross, bold full pillars, thin from corrosion, 1-1/2 dates and assayers. With ROBCAR certificate #M090312. Estimate: $100-$150.

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425. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-507. 5.6 grams. Very thin from corrosion but with clear date and bold pillars, doubled cross. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

426. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-507. 7.7 grams. Beautifully detailed full pillars side, crude cross due to corrosion, 2 dates and assayers. With ROBCAR certificate #M090307. Estimate: $100-$150.

427. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1659E. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-907. 1.9 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves, crude cross, thin from corrosion, 3 dates, darkly toned. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $90-$135.

428. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1660E. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-908. 4.4 grams. Broad, odd-shaped flan with full cross and pillars, 2 dates, flat peripheries, minimal corrosion, part of edge bent. With ROBCAR certificate #M090313. Estimate: $90-$135.

429. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1664E. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-912. 3.0 grams. Full and well-centered pillars (bold waves) and cross on a round but corroded-thin planchet with 2 dates (1664 in legend), edge-split, toned fields. With ROBCAR certificate #M090318. Estimate: $90-$135.

430. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1666E. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-914. 3.1 grams. Good full cross, bold second date between pillars, minimal corrosion but slightly crude edge (one split). With ROBCAR certificate #M090316. Estimate: $90-$135.

431. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-595. 4.8 grams. Full pillars-and-waves with 2 dates on that side, crude cross due to corrosion, nicely toned. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $90-$135.

432. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1674E, encapsulated ANACS VF-30. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-601. Good full pillars, full POTOSI in legend, good but off-center cross, solid specimen. Wreck provenance stated in slab, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

433. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1674E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-601. 2.9 grams. Full pillars-and-waves (slightly off-center), good cross (off-center), some wear from corrosion, minor edge-split. With ROBCAR certificate #M090315. Estimate: $90-$135.

434. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-24; CTMuch flatness but bold assayer and 2 bold mintmarks, small edge-split. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $90$135.

602. 5.4 grams.

100

435. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1676E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-603. 3.2 grams. Bold full pillars with clear date, off-center cross, thin and corroded. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $90-$135.

436. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-605. 4.7 grams. Two dates, good cross and pillars despite peripheral flatness and thinning from corrosion, good toning. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $90-$135.

437. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-606. 2.6 grams. Nice bold pillars-and-waves, good full cross, bold date and mintmark and assayer, some flat spots and thin from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090317. Estimate: $90$135.

438. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-606. 4.2 grams. Broad flan, and not too corroded but with flat spots that distract from the full cross and pillars (one still bold), parts of 3 dates, 2 assayers and mintmarks, edge-split. With ROBCAR certificate #M090314. Estimate: $90-$135.

439. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1652E transitional Type III, encapsulated ANACS F-15. S-P37; KM-B13.1; CT-1049. Choice details on pillars side (elegant crown and tops of pillars, denomination I at top and bottom), shield full but weak from flatness and light corrosion. Wreck provenance stated in slab, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

440. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1659E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1059. 2.4 grams. Bold pillars side with 2 dates, full but corroded cross. With ROBCAR certificate #M090320. Estimate: $75-$110.

441. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1660E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1060. 2.7 grams. Full cross, good pillars-and-waves, corrosion near edge only. With ROBCAR certificate #M090335. Estimate: $75-$110.

442. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1663E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1063. 444. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1664E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1064.

2.5 grams. Bold

date and much legend on cross side, pillars side doubled, light corrosion all over. With ROBCAR certificate #M090319. Estimate: $75-$110.

443. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1664E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1064.

2.7 grams. Oblong flan with good waves, 2 dates on that side, good but off-center cross, light corrosion only. With ROBCAR certificate #M090332. Estimate: $75-$110.

2.9 grams. Nice pillars side with clear date and attractively aligned

with a point in the planchet, nearly full cross, some flatness, minimal cor rosion. W ith ROBCAR certificate #M090327. Estimate: $75-$110.

445. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1665E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1065.

1.6 grams. Two dates, one choice pillar and lion and castle, thin and small. With ROBCAR certificate #M090328. Estimate: $75$110.

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446. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1667E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-703. 453. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1674E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-710.

2.9 grams. Bold

1667 in legend, half of cross, off-center pillars with second date, peripheral flatness but not much corrosion, bluish toning on fields. With ROBCAR certificate #M090321. Estimate: $75-$110.

447. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1667E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-703.

2.2 grams. Full pillars, most of cross, 2 dates and assayers, some corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090333. Estimate: $75$110.

2.1 grams. Full

pillars with bold date, partially flat cross with CAR(OLVS) in legend. With ROBCAR certificate #M090323. Estimate: $75-$110.

454. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1674E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-710.

2.1 grams. Good full cross, full but corroded pillars with clear date, blue-green toning on fields, light corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090325. Estimate: $75-$110.

448. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-704. 455. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1674E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-710.

1.8 grams. Very

thin from corrosion but with good pillars and clear date, toned. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $75-$110.

449. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-704.

1.8 grams. Small and somewhat lemon-shaped flan with good but off-center cross, bold date above waves, colorful toning. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $75-$110.

2.5 grams. Uneven strike (much flatness), with nearly full HISPANIA(RVM), clear date and assayer, minimal corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090331. Estimate: $75$110.

456. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-711.

3.2 grams. Bold date and intact edge but surfaces all worn from corrosion, lightly toned. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $75$110.

450. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-704.

3.2 grams. Broad flan, bold date between pillars, cross mostly flat. With ROBCAR certificate #M090324. Estimate: $75-$110.

451. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1670E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-706.

3.0 grams. Full waves, 2 dates on that side, full cross with bold E, some corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090330. Estimate: $75-$110.

452. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1672E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT708. 2.2 grams. Small, thin flan but with nice full pillars, good but off-center cross, colorful toning. With ROBCAR certificate #M090334.Estimate: $75$110.

457. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1676E, choice. S-P37b; KM23; CT-712. 2.9 grams. Bold full pillars and date, top half

of cross (nice lion), peripheral flatness but no corrosion. With ROBCAR tag #7104 and pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #4 of November 6, 2008 (lot #436), with original tag, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

458. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1676E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-712.

3.5 grams. Full pillars, crude cross (partially flat), 2 dates, bold mintmark. With ROBCAR certificate #M090326. Estimate: $75$110.

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459. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-713.

1.7 grams. Bold

main date (with prominent serifs) above full waves, decent cross with second date below, thin but not corroded, nicely toned. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $75-$110.

460. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-713.

3.2 grams. Big flan with full pillars, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers on that side alone, some pitting from corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090322. Estimate: $75-$110.

461. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-713.

3.7 grams. Uneven strike but with 2 clear dates (no serifs), no corrosion. With ROBCAR certificate #M090329. Estimate: $75$110.

462. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1679C. S-P38; KM-23; CT-716.

1.0 gram. Corroded thin but with good cross, toned. With photocertificate. Estimate: $75-$110.

463. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1672, rare denomination from this wreck. S-P37b; KM-22; CT-825. 0.5 gram. Clear date, most of cross and monogram, corroded thin but nicely toned. With ROBCAR certificate #M090337. Estimate: $50-$75.

464. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 167?, rare denomination from this wreck. KM-22. 1.1 grams. Good but very off-center cross, corroded monogram, nice toning. With ROBCAR certificate #M090336. Estimate: $50-$75.

Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa 465. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer L. S-M21; KM-46. 22.4 grams. Squarish flan with bold assayer L, faint shield and cross, mostly flat and/or worn. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $60-$90.

Merestein, sunk in 1702 off South Africa 466. United Netherlands (mint uncertain), “rider” ducatoon, 1670. 25.6 grams. Typically broad flan with clear inner details and date in legend despite moderate corrosion all over, toned. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100$150.

467. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Charles II, 1689, very rare. KM-106.2. 31.5 grams. Bold CAROL II in legend and discernible details all over (mature bust) despite wear and corrosion, still pretty solid, first we have ever had of this rare type that sells for up to five figures in better grade. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $250-$375.

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468. Lot of 2 Dutch ducatoon “biscuits”. 31.4 and 30.2 grams each. For

whatever reason, Dutch ducatoons from various different wrecks are sometimes found in a puffy, oxidized state that turns them into black biscuits, like these two specimens, both with shells and pebbles embedded on one side, the coins inside possibly decent if broken open and cleaned. With original certificates from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

469. Lot of 7 Dutch silver schellings, various types and mints, some with dates. 2.7 to 3.4 grams each. A variety of different types and designs but all thin and broad, most with only light corrosion and readable details, great wholesale lot for individual resale. With original certificates from the salvagers. Estimate: $175-$250.

Association, sunk in 1707 in the Scilly Isles, southwest of England

470. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1687R, choice. S-L7; KM-24; CT-230. 27.0 grams. Totally uncorroded but somewhat worn (Fine),

471. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1658E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-

with full cross and pillars, 2 dates and assayers, attractive light toning all over, quite a nice specimen for shipwreck salvage and with a classic pedigree. Pedigreed to the original Lane auction of September 24, 1974 (lot #1055) and Lane auction of August 22, 1975 (lot #399), with old tags and certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

446. 24.9 grams. Lots of

fine detail all over (full cross and pillarsand-waves, 3 dates and assayers and mintmarks) and richly toned, but lightly corroded all over. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

472. Lot of 2 silver coins (one Mexican cob 8R and one English shilling of William III) in poor condition but with original auction envelopes. 20.4 grams total. Two thin slivers of darkened silver with just enough detail to at least guess what they are) with classic pedigrees. Both coins with Sotheby & Co. auction-lot envelopes from July of 1969. Estimate: $75-$100.

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473. Portugal, copper X reis, Pedro II, 1699, very rare as from this wreck. KM-168. 14.6 grams. Large copper coin, well detailed with only light corrosion, lovely purple toning, first of its kind we have ever seen from this or any other wreck (this particular wreck notable for a great mix of different types of coins), with desirable pedigree and certification. Pedigreed to the Lane & Son auction of November 30, 1979 (lot 154), with original certificate and recent Terry Hiron certificate, plus cardboard box printed with “The Association Coin sunk 1707”. Estimate: $125-$200.

Feversham, sunk in 1711 off Nova Scotia, Canada

474. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR or FR (ca. 1640), scarce provenance. KM-19a. 24.9 grams. Solid coin with typically “whitish” coloration, good full shield, offcenter cross, dark encrustation in spots. Pedigreed to the Stack’s auction of January 1999 (lot #1165). Estimate: $200-$300.

Zuytdorp, sunk in 1712 off Western Australia

475. Zeeland, United Netherlands, 6 stuivers, 1711, very rare provenance. KM-unlisted (cf. 50 for type). 4.7 grams. Solid coin with nice details except for centers (weakly struck), attractively toned, no corrosion, among only a few such coins recovered from this protected wreck released onto the market. With certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

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STRAPS FOR CASH

When you look at Mexican cobs of the 1600s and 1700s, you may wonder how cob planchets were made, given their sometimes crazy shapes. We know from contemporary documents that an innovation at the end of the 1500s—in effect the invention of cobs—greatly sped up the coining process, specifically the planchet preparation… but how? A logical starting place is the popular phrase cabo de barra (“end of the bar”), which some experts think is the origin of the word “cob,” pronounced exactly the same as the first syllable of the word cabo. Interestingly, older Spanish numismatic dictionaries specify cabo de barra as the end-pieces (the oddest shapes) from the Mexican mint.* But this makes no sense if the planchets were cross-cut slices of thick, salami-like ingots or big rectangular loaves like the bullion bars we see from shipwrecks. Instead you have to think of the “bar” as a flat, horizontal “strap,” something the Spanish colonial mint workers referred to as a riel (akin to the word “rail,” as in railroad).** So what did a riel look like? Until recently we did not know of any surviving examples; but in our Treasure Auction #6 we noticed something interesting in lot #1972, which included a 1960s photo of a display in the Real Eight Company’s museum in Satellite Beach, Florida, with the label HOW “COB” COINS WERE MADE (see photo below, taken out of focus through the glass display). In the display were several Mexican cob 8 reales (recovered by Real Eight from the 1715 Fleet) lined up so their straight edges met. Evidently eight of these coins together made a flat, 1" to 2" wide ingot with undulating sides: a silver strap! At the top of the same display was an uncut strap of silver. Was it an original riel, salvaged from one of the wrecks? A quick call to original Real Eight member Lou Ullian confirmed that “strap” was the real deal, although its current whereabouts are unknown, and that it was rough on the bottom and smooth on the top, just as you would expect if the silver was simply poured onto a flat surface and left to spread out and cool naturally.

In retrospect it is hard to believe that such a numismatically significant artifact received little or no attention, but at that time crude cobs and how they were made were of little interest to serious coin collectors.

The rest of the story is no mystery (see second footnote). The planchet-preparer at the mint measured out 216 grams (8 x 27) of molten silver at the proper fineness and temperature (not too hot or it would make a flat pool) and poured it into a snake-like line, which flattened out naturally as it cooled. Next, he found the centerpoint of the strap by balancing it, and then he cut perpendicularly at the center of balance, creating two halves of equal weight, to each of which he applied the same principle two more times to arrive at eight coins of more or less equal weight. If he overcut or undercut by a little bit, so be it—it had to average out to 27 grams per coin since the total weight of the strap was proper for eight coins. To make straps for smaller denominations, the temperature of the silver would be adjusted higher for thinner straps and therefore thinner coins (and of course less weight to start with).

What happened next explains the sloping sides and blunted points that we see on Mexican cobs. Unlike natural sides from a strap, cut sides on each coin caused them to harden faster and crack, unless they were hammered down, also making those edges less sharp. A similar principle was applied to the all-too-common points left by the shears at the ends of a cut. Sharp edges and points, after all, could be dangerous to handle and impossible to bag and transport in quantity. It was an expedient method, albeit without regard to aesthetics.

The coins we see today are clearly examples of these methods. Not only do these cobs have random shapes with just one or two straight, cut, hammered-down sides, they also come in varying weights around a more or less proper average of 27 grams to the 8 reales. Furthermore, some specimens demonstrate very strange shapes (particularly what we can assume to be the end pieces) and even have “bubble holes” that are simply where the cooling silver in the ingot hit a snag and flowed around an air pocket.

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We must emphasize that this method only applies to Mexican cobs from the early 1600s to early 1700s. The earlier coins and those from other mints are much more round, which means either there was a different method for making those blanks or the blanks were simply (but laboriously) trimmed down to more circular shapes. And we are not counting “Royals” and “Hearts” and other intentional shapes, which were specially prepared by hand and not subject to batch preparation.

Next time you see odd-shaped Mexican cobs, take a closer look at the edges and consider how they were cut from straps, and then perhaps their shapes will not seem so strange after all. *

*

*

* See Diccionario de la lengua castellana by Melchor Manuel Nuñez de Taboada (Paris, 1822) and Diccionario enciclopédicomejicano del idioma española, Volume 1, by Emiliano Busto (Mexico City, 1883), and note that the second book alternately refers to cabo de barra as the last and presumably short payment against a debt. **See Arte de ensayar oro, y plata, con breves reglas para la theorica, y la practica, en el qual se explica tambien el oficio de ensayador, y mareador mayor de los reynos; el de los fieles contrastes de oro, y plasta; el de los marcadores de plata, y tocadores de oro; y el de los contrastes amotacenes, segun las leyes de estos reynos by Bernardo Munoz de Amador (Madrid, 1755), which mentions using a compass to mark cut points on the riel, along with complicated mathematical formulas. Also illuminating is Breve relacion del ensaye de plata y oro by Mexican mint assayer Geronymo Bezerra (Mexico City, 1671, available in a 2004 digital edition by Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes). Rieles were also made in gold: Records for the Bogotá, Colombia, mint state that an amount of “oro en rieles” was brought to the mint by the merchant Martín de Verganzo y Gamboa for making gold cobs in 1627.

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1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida, featuring the Estate of Karl H. Goodpaster

476. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible. KM-46. 25.9 grams. Very crude and mostly flat but not really cor roded, some black encr ustation in crevices. Estimate: $60-$90.

479. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1714J. S-M22; KM47; CT-743. 24.2 grams. Full

date and oMJ, crude strike (extensive flatness) but no corrosion to speak of, nicely toned on fields. With Frank Sedwick certificate from 1994, and pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #4 of November 6, 2008 (lot #459), with original tag. Estimate: $300-$450.

477. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 171(2-3?)J, doublestruck cross side (scarce for this issue). S-M22; KM-47. 21.9 grams. Very bold obverse details, including full shield and oMJ and date (except for the last digit), good but completely doubled cross (shifted, not rotated), toned, relatively corrosion-free. With Kenneth Aiken certificate. Estimate: $400-$600.

478. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (171)3(J). S-M22; KM-47; CT-742. 25.8 grams. Bold

3 of date, clear mintmark and one good lion and castle but rest of coin largely flat (as struck), no corrosion (just smooth metal). Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $225-$350.

480. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1714J. S-M22; KM47; CT-743. 26.8 grams. Very

bold oMJ and clear bottoms of all 4 digits of the date, nearly full cross, much flatness but no corrosion, richly toned all over. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

481. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)14J. S-M22; KM47; CT-743. 26.0 grams. Great full shield (slightly doubled) and cross,

full and bold oMJ and denomination 8, clear bottom of 4 of date, very solid flan (no corrosion), richly toned, a super coin all over. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $250$375.

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482. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)14J. S-M22; KM- 485. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)14J. S-M22; KM47; CT-743. 26.7 grams. Most

of crown (well-detailed) and shield, clear oMJ, most of 4 of date, nearly full cross, some flatness but no corrosion, richly toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $225-$350.

47; CT-743. 27.1 grams. Very

nice full cross (slightly off-center), most of shield (with extra blob of metal in center), clear date, peripheral flatness but no corrosion, richly toned all over. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $200$300.

483. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)14J. S-M22; KM- 486. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)14(J). S-M22; 47; CT-743. 24.4 grams. Long

planchet with nearly full shield and crown, bold oM and clear 4 of date, most of cross with metal extending beyond legend, solid and nicely toned but lightly corroded all over. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $225-$350.

KM-47; CT-743. 26.7 grams. Interesting

shape, with full 4 of date, part of crown and shield and cross well detailed but the rest flat (as made), still solid and uncorroded, richly toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

484. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1714J. S-M22; KM47; CT-743. 26.5 grams. Bold date and denomination and mintmark,

487. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (171)4(J). S-M22;

most of shield and cross despite flatness, no corrosion, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $225$350.

KM-47; CT-743. 26.6 grams. Curious rhomboid shape, with

clear 4 of date, nice upper half of shield and most of crown, good full cross, flat peripheries but no corrosion, attractively toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $200$300.

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488. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)14(J). S-M22; KM-47; CT-743. 27.0 grams. Full

4 of date, most of shield and crown, nice full cross, some flatness but no corrosion, green spots in crevices. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

491. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (171)4(J). S-M22; KM-47; CT-743. 24.0 grams. Typically

rectangular flan, with full 4 of date, recognizable shield and cross despite much flatness and some corrosion, darkly toned. From the Rio Mar site (beach find from 1984). Estimate: $125-$200.

489. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)14J. S-M22; KM47; CT-743. 25.6 grams. Slightly odd shape, with bold oM, most of

crown and shield, weak but certain date, faint cross, no corrosion, toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

492. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible but neat style (small details) of 1714 only. SM22; KM-47; CT-743. 26.1 grams. Very choice, well-centered full shield and cross but nothing else, no corrosion, deeply toned all over. Estimate: $150-$225.

Please place absentee bids at www.iCollector.com/sedwick (use the bid sheet at the end of this catalog for fax or mail bids) 490. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)714(J). S-M22; KM-47; CT-743. 25.9 grams. Full 714 of date and nearly full shield but dark and with surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

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493. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1715J. S-M22; KM-47; CT-744. 25.8 grams. Choice specimen with all 4 digits of date visible, bold full oMJ, most of shield and cross, satin surfaces without even a hint of corrosion, neat “sail”-shaped flan, attractively toned, and popular as the year of sinking—one of the best! With original Real Eight Co. certificate signed by Kip Wagner. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

494. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 17(??)J. S-M22; KM47. 26.8 grams. Bold

17 of date and full oMJ, crude shield, most of cross, extensive flatness but no corrosion, richly toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150$225.

495. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.5 grams. Oval flan with full shield and oMJ and denomination 8, also full cross, not very bold but richly toned, just a hint of corrosion at edge. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

496. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.5 grams. Squarish shape with full shield and crown and denomination 8, full cross, richly toned, virtually no corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150$225.

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497. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer

500. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer

J. S-M22; KM-47. 27.0 grams. Full oMJ and denomination 8, nearly full shield, most of cross, deep rainbow toning, minimal corrosion on obverse only. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.8 grams. Large flan with full shield and bold full oMJ, good full cross, flat peripheries, no corrosion, light toning. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150$225.

498. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.0 grams. Full oMJ and shield, nearly full cross, rectangular flan, negligible corrosion, small edge-split. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

501. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.0 grams. Bold obverse details (full shield and oMJ), full but softly struck cross, large flan, minimal corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150$225.

499. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.2 grams. Interesting urn shape with full shield and oMJ and king’s ordinal V, full but softly struck cross, some toning, negligible corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

502. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.6 grams. Very bold full shield and oMJ, good full cross, large and solid flan (no corrosion), some flatness. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150$225.

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503. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.2 grams. Very interesting shape (penguin?), with super full cross and nice full shield, darkly toned, negligible corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150$225.

506. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 27.3 grams. Very thick and solid coin with full shield and cross (both somewhat crude), clear oMJ, slightly crude edge, no corrosion at all. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

507. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer 504. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.9 grams. Somewhat urn-shaped, with most of J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.1 grams. Very curious wedge shape, with nearly full cross and shield, no corrosion, lightly toned all over. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

shield next to clear oMJ, most of cross, uneven thickness but no corrosion, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

508. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer 505. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 26.5 grams. Very interesting flan with large edgeJ. S-M22; KM-47. 25.8 grams. Nice full shield, bold assayer J, full cross, nearly full crown, toned but uncorroded, with small natural bubble-hole near edge. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

crack (abnormal for this mint), good full shield, nice but softly struck full cross, very thick and solid, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

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512. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer 509. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 25.8 grams. Large, somewhat round flan with full shield, bold denomination 8, full but softly struck cross, minimal corrosion but peripheral flatness. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

not visible. KM-47. 26.5 grams. Choice full shield, good full cross, no corrosion, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

510. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 26.4 grams. Somewhat triangular shape, with most of shield and crown, full denomination 8, PH of king’s name, full and bold cross, no corrosion, spots of green. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

513. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer

511. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 26.5 grams. Choice and corrosion-free, with full shield, bold denomination 8, full but softly struck cross. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125$200.

514. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer

not visible. KM-47. 26.5 grams. Interesting urn shape, good full shield and denomination 8, nice full cross, minimal corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125$200.

not visible. KM-47. 26.9 grams. Full and well-detailed crown, nearly full shield, bold denomination 8, crude cross, minimal corrosion, toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

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515. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer 518. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 26.6 grams. Long, slightly boot-shaped flan with full shield and crown, nice full cross, much flatness but no corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

not visible. KM-47. 26.8 grams. Full but slightly doubled shield, full crown, king’s ordinal V, full cross, all a bit softly struck but uncorroded. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125$200.

519. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer 516. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 24.8 grams. Very curious coin with natural not visible. KM-47. 24.8 grams. Large flan with full shield and most of cross, no corrosion but flat around the periphery, toned here and there. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

bubble at edge at bottom of nearly full shield, nearly full crown, part of cross bold, light corrosion. From the Rio Mar site (beach find from 2004). Estimate: $125-$200.

520. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer 517. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 24.4 grams. Long, rectangular flan with not visible. KM-47. 26.1 grams. Very solid flan (no corrosion) with most of shield, full king’s ordinal V, great full cross. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

extensive flatness (some corrosion), silvery in color. With Mel Fisher certificate #KF 140-03. Estimate: $100-$150.

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521. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 26.4 grams. Solid and uncorroded, most of shield and cross, typical peripheral flatness but great contrast. Estimate: $50-$75.

522. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales “greenie� (as found), probably Philip V, assayer not visible. 25.7 grams. Typical shape and with full shield and cross underneath ample encrustation in green, brown, white and orange colors (some small shells), popular and scarce. With original Treasure Salvors certificate from 1967 hand-signed by Mel Fisher, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

523. Large, choice clump of about 12 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 and 4 reales, probably all Philip V, assayer J. 317.7 grams. A beefy and superattractive display of cobs just as they were found, with lovely green and white sandy coral throughout the pile of what we estimate to be a dozen coins, mostly 8R but some 4R, one of which (sticking out one side) shows a partial date but all the coins apparently solid and well preserved, a natural seasculpture that is worth much more than the sum of its parts. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator), with original Real Eight Co. certificate. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

524. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 78.0 grams solid coins (no corrosion) with good details: one with choice cross and shield, another with crown and oMJ, the third with (PHIL)IPPVS V in legend. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $300-$450. total. Three

525. Lot of 4 uncleaned Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible. 110.4 grams total. Four solid and uncorroded coins, all but one with oMJ visible, with varying degrees of sandy white, green and brown encrustation (as found), one with brown stains. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $400-$600.

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526. Lot of 5 uncleaned Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible. 130.4 grams total. Five mostly dark but uncorroded coins, each with a modicum of sandy white, green, brown or even bluish encrustation, just the way they were found. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $500-$750.

527. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 126.9 grams total. Five solid and uncorroded coins, all lightly cleaned, 4 with denomination 8 visible and the fifth with oMJ visible. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $450-$675.

528. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 131.0 grams total. Solid coins (no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $450-$675.

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529. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 130.3 grams total. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $450$675.

530. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 130.6 grams. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $450-$675.

531. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 131.3 grams total. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $450-$675.

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532. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 130.4 grams. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $450$675.

533. Lot of 7 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, good quality. 181.3 grams total. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $600-$900.

534. Lot of 15 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, average quality. 390.0 grams total. Solid coins (little or no corrosion, but some flat areas), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $1,000$1,500.

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539. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer

535. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, various periods, assayers not visible, one with important certificate. 25.5, 25.3 and 15.1 grams each. Two solid coins (one Charles II and toned, the other Philip V with 8 visible) and one corroded but with full oMJ and Fisher tag and certificate. With 2 certificates: hand-signed Mel Fisher certificate from 1967 and Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) certificate #14118. Estimate: $100-$150.

not visible (J), scarce error with denomination as “8”. SM22; KM-40. 12.8 grams. Bold full denomination 8, full cross and most of shield, all darkly encrusted and toned but no corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

540. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer

536. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1713J, scarce. SM22; KM-40; CT-1018. 12.1 grams. Full date and oMJ, most of

cross and shield (both off-center), nicely toned and corrosionfree. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $150-$225.

not visible (J), scarce error with denomination as “8”. SM22; KM-40. 13.3 grams. Choice shield with faint 8 to right, nice but off-center cross, pleasing color, 100% corrosionfree. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

541. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer 537. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1714J. S-M22; KM40; CT-1019. 12.6 grams. Date and oMJ weak but fully visible, off-

center strike with encrustation on cross side, some corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

J. S-M22; KM-40. 13.3 grams. Full but softly struck shield and cross and oMJ and denomination 4, richly toned and corrosionfree. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

538. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), scarce error with denomination as “8”. SM22; KM-40. 13.1 grams. Thick and roundish flan with clear denomination 8, most of shield (oversized), full cross, no corrosion, sediment in crevices. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $150-$225.

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542. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-40. 13.3 grams. Bold full oMJ, full shield, off-center cross, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

546. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-40. 12.8 grams. Good full cross, nearly full shield, with full but weak oMJ and partial date, no corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

543. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-40. 13.1 grams. Nice shield (nearly full) and bold oMJ, also nice full cross, otherwise flat, but no corrosion and attractive with contrasting sediment in crevices. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

547. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J S-M22; KM-40. 13.4 grams. Interesting shape (like a celtic harp), with nice full shield and cross, richly toned and corrosionfree. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

544. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-40. 13.3 grams. Great full cross, nearly full shield with full oMJ to left, richly toned, virtually no corrosion. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

548. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-40. 12.5 grams. Broad flan with full shield and cross, lightly corroded all over but nice contrast. From the Corrigans site (beach find). Estimate: $75-$110.

545. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-40. 12.6 grams. Broad flan with bold J and shield and cross, peripheral flatness and edge-split but no corrosion, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $125-$200.

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549. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-40. 13.3 grams. Rectangular flan with split in edge, good full cross, nice but incomplete shield and crown, no corrosion, good contrast. Estimate: $60-$90.

550. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, encrusted. KM-40. 11.9 grams. Very thickly encrusted with white shell bits and gray debris tinged with green, middle of shield side exposed. With original Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) tag and certificate #16599. Estimate: $90-$135.

551. Small clump of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, both in excellent condition. 29.6 grams. Two very solid and uncorroded 4R with shield sides out sandwiching white and green sandy encrustation. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $200-$300.

552. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 52.4 grams. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $250-$375.

553. Lot of 6 uncleaned Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible. 79.9 grams. Six solid and uncorroded coins with varying degrees of dark toning and sandy encrustation (as found), lots of different colors. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $350$500.

554. Lot of 5 uncleaned Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible. 68.0 grams. Four of the coins somewhat heavily encrusted with sandy white coral tinged with green, the fifth coin dark but not encrusted and with double-struck cross (scarce from this mint), all of the coins solid and uncorroded. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $300-$450.

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555. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 65.9 grams. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields.

Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Good paster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $300-$450.

556. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 65.6 g rams. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $300-$450.

557. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, nice quality. 63.3 g rams. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $300$450.

558. Lot of 14 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J where visible, average quality. 178.0 grams. Solid coins (little or no corrosion), some interesting shapes, decent crosses and shields some flatness and much toning. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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561. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1711M, scarce. S-L20; KM-34; 559. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip V, assayer not visible, with “o” to right. S-M22; KM-24. 1.7 grams. Nearly full monogram with curious (and currently unexplained) “o” to right and fleur-de-lis below, nearly full cross too, richly toned and uncorroded. Estimate: $30-$45.

560. Lot of 3 miscellaneous cobs: Mexico, 8R, Philip V; Mexico, 1/2R, Philip V; Spain, copper 4M, Philip III?, with countermark. 22.2, 1.2 and 2.9 grams each. The 8R is solid but with heavy surface corrosion effacing details; the 1/2R is shows most of the monogram and cross (lightly corroded); and the 4M uncorroded but mostly flat, with clear countermark showing IIII over B (Burgos).The 8R and 1/2R accompanied by Fisher certificates #24090 and KF 98102 respectively. Estimate: $100-$150.

CT-634. 23.5 grams. Solid but with surface corrosion, still showing a clear date and assayer and mintmark on the pillars side, most of cross. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

562. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1706Y, scarce. S-P43a; KM31; CT-866. 25.8 grams. Very thick and chunky flan with full cross and pillars, 2 dates and denominations, toned, with surface corrosion only. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125$200.

Slot ter Hooge, sunk in 1724 off the Madeira Islands

563. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 25.7 and 25.2 grams each. Scarce wreck, one coin with good and nearly full shield and cross, the other too corroded to see much of anything, both dark. With original certificates from the salvager. Estimate: $200-$300.

564. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 26.3 and 24.1 grams each. Scarce wreck, both coins solid but lightly corroded and dark, decent details on each. With original certificates from the salvager. Estimate: $200$300.

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568. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), 565. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 25.7 and 24.8 grams each. Scarce wreck, both coins solid but dark and lightly corroded, one with good shield, the other with full oMJ. With original certificates from the salvager. Estimate: $200-$300.

portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1648, choice. KM-72.2. 31.9 grams. Ideal specimen with all details (legends and interior) 100% full and bold, and with lovely toning on fields (good contrast), no corrosion at all, a beautiful coin from a scarce wreck! With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $200-$300.

569. Gelderland, United Netherlands, “rider� ducatoon, 566. Tournai, Spanish Netherlands, patagon, Philip IV, 1667. KM-41. 30.6 grams. Excellent specimen with full inner details 1625. KM-A42. 26.9 grams. Choice coin with no corrosion at all (AVF for wear), nicely toned, all details visible, just a bit doublestr uck, scarce wreck. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $200-$300.

(rider and arms) and legends (clear date and mintmark), no corrosion, dark toning here and there, scarce wreck. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

567. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), 570. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1634. KM-56.2. 29.8 grams. Choice specimen with fully detailed portrait and full legends (bold date and mintmark too), black encrustation on reverse but no corrosion, nicely toned, scarce wreck. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

portrait ducatoon, Charles II, 1668. KM-79.1. 32.8 grams. Choice specimen with 100% full details (bold legends with date and mintmark, elegant portrait), richly toned all over, no corrosion, slight bend near edge, scarce wreck. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $200-$300.

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1733 Fleet, Florida Keys

571. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1680. KM-57. 32.1 grams. Full details all over (bold legends), and nicely toned, just a bit worn and with corrosion on part of edge, scarce wreck. With original certificate fr om the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

572. Zeeland, United Netherlands, silver ducat, 1701/ 693. KM-52.1. 26.6 grams. Solid and well-preserved coin with bold legends, clear inner details, no corrosion but spots of dark encrustation, scarce wreck. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

575. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732F. S-M26; KM47a; CT-764. 20.6 grams. Almost perfectly rectangular, with full cross

and oMF, most of shield and date, but all a bit pitted from corrosion. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificate #80 from the salvager. Estimate: $80-$120.

576. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)732(F). S-M26; KM-47a; CT-764. 22.3 grams. Bold

shield and cross and oM but with deep pits all over from corrosion, nicely toned. From the San Jose site, with Escudo, Ltd. (Carl Fismer) certificate. Estimate: $70-$100.

573. Zeeland, United Netherlands, 2 stuivers, 1724, important as the key to identifying the wreck. KM-59. 1.2 grams. Bold mintmark side, with clear date that was the key to identifying this scarce wreck, crowned arms and denomination on other side a bit encrusted and lightly corroded, all nicely toned. Estimate: $100-$200.

574. Zeeland, United Netherlands, 2 stuivers, 1724, important as the key to identifying the wreck. KM-59. 1.7 grams. Choice crowned arms and denomination, mintmark and date on other side weaker but still clear (the date being the key to identifying this scarce wreck), nicely toned, no corrosion. Estimate: $100-$200.

577. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 173?F. S-M26; KM47a. 20.7 grams. Good full cross, full oMF and good but off-center

shield, most of date, contrasting toning but lightly pitted all over from corrosion. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificate #62 from the salvager, and pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #4 of November 6, 2008 (lot #517), with original tag. Estimate: $100$150.

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578. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer 581. Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, not visible. KM-47a. 26.0 grams. Rectangular flan with nearly full shield and cross, full denomination 8, decent toning, not really corroded but a bit worn. From the Populo site, with Fisher-SedwickTosch photo-certificate from 1997. Estimate: $100-$150.

jutting out from a large coral conglomerate (possibly more coins inside). KM-40a. 506 grams, roughly 4" x 3-1/2" x 3". Heavy lump of orangish encrustation with small coral head and two thick tubes of iron oxide (the remains of square-shank spikes), with small piece of glass and single coin jutting out (mostly exposed, dark and worn but with full cross in evidence), an impressive display. Estimate: $250-$500.

579. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47a. 24.3 grams. Choice full crown, full cross, most of shield, richly toned, surface corrosion only on the reverse. From the Populo site, with Sedwick certificate from 2000. Estimate: $100-$150.

580. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47a. 25.4 grams. Worn but not corroded, with some of shield and cross and all of denomination visible. From the San Jose site, with Fisher-Sedwick-Tosch photo-certificate from 1997. Estimate: $60-$90.

582. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, 1733MF, rare. CT776; KM-103. 12.5 grams. Heavily corroded but with most details still fairly visible, patchy toning and encrustation. With Bob “Frogfoot” Weller certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

583. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, (1732-33)(F or MF), rare. KM-103. 19.0 grams. Some details peeking out through thick, dark “horn silver,” possibly cleanable for better data. With Sedwick certificate from 2006. Estimate: $60-$90.

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Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands

584. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732F. S-M26; KM-

587. Holland, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon,

47a; CT-764. 26.6 grams. Very

1734, choice. KM-90. 32.5 grams. Super-nice Mint State details contrasted by toned fields, no corrosion, quite beautiful. With certificate and blue plastic clamshell box printed inside with “Treasure recovered fr om the Dutch East Indiaman ‘t Vliegent Hart (1735).” Estimate: $250-$375.

thick and solid coin with full date and bold full oMF, good cross, some minor surface corrosion, much flatness. Estimate: $100-$150.

585. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732(F). S-M26; KM47a; CT-764. 26.3 grams. Very

bold full date and mintmark, most of cross, all the rest flat, no corrosion, nicely toned. Estimate: $175-$250.

588. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734, superb. KM-80. 32.7 grams. Lustrous Mint State, with perfect details, richly toned, 100% corrosion-free and well struck. Estimate: $250-$375.

586. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1733, choice. KM-80. 32.2 grams. Mint State details and no corrosion but with weak strike in centers, richly toned all over, somewhat lustrous. Estimate: $200-$300.

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589. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734, choice. KM-80. 32.4 grams. Lustrous and corrosion-free, all details perfect, silvery from cleaning (no toning). With certificate and blue plastic clamshell box printed inside with “Treasure recovered fr om the Dutch East Indiaman ‘t Vliegent Hart (1735).” Estimate: $250-$375.

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590. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734, choice. KM-80. 32.4 grams. Lustrous and corrosion-free, all details perfect, silvery from cleaning (no toning). With certificate and blue plastic clamshell box printed inside with “Treasure recovered fr om the Dutch East Indiaman ‘t Vliegent Hart (1735).” Estimate: $250-$375.

591. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734, choice. KM-80. 32.3 grams. Lustrous and corrosion-free, all details perfect, silvery from cleaning (no toning). With certificate and blue plastic clamshell box printed inside with “Treasure recovered fr om the Dutch East Indiaman ‘t Vliegent Hart (1735).” Estimate: $250-$375.

592. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734. KM-80. 26.5 grams. Nice details despite light corrosion all over, no toning. With certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 off southeast England

593. Type-set of Mexico City, Mexico, 8 reales dated 1733, consisting of 1 cob, 1 klippe on a cob-style planchet, 1 true klippe and 1 pillar dollar (4 coins total), housed in a hinged glass-top display case with labels. 6" x 9" x 3" altogether. This is a beautiful set, both for its promotional packaging and for the quality of the coins inside, all hand-selected from the original Ponterio auction, and all attractively toned with little or no corrosion (VF-XF details). The full-date 1733 cob is particularly choice and rare, in fact the only specimen known so far from this wreck. With certificate. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

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596. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730R. S-M24; KM47a; CT-755. 26.2 grams. Choice

594. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1727D, very rare. SM23aCT-753. 26.6 grams. Clear

bottom half of all four digits of the date, bold full oMD, good cross, but all else flat, no corrosion, interesting elongated “harp� shape, with spots of toning. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $250-$375.

full shield and cross on a broad, somewhat roundish flan, with bold full oMR and date as well, contrastingly toned, minimal corrosion. With certificate from the salvagers, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of September 8, 2006 (lot 461), with lot-tag. Estimate: $200-$300.

597. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730R. S-M24; KM47a; CT-755. 26.1 grams. Choice full date, nice full cross, full oMR,

595. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1729R. S-M24; KM- no corrosion but much flatness, some toning. With certificate 47a; CT-754. 25.7 grams. Choice full date, full oMR and nearly full

shield and cross, lightly corroded all over. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

from the salvagers, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of September 8, 2006 (lot 457), with lot-tag. Estimate: $200-$300.

598. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer R where visible, average specimens. KM-47a. 131.4 grams. Solid

and mostly uncorroded coins with decent details, some interesting shapes (one in this lot a perfect square and another with a curved tail). With original certificates. Estimate: $400-$600.

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Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #8 (fall, 2010), deadline August 1 130

599. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer R where visible, average specimens. KM-47a. 132.0 grams. Solid

and mostly uncorroded coins with decent details, one small and thick but very nice, another with bright orange sediment in crevices, 3 with oMR. With original certificates. Estimate: $400-$600.

600. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible, average specimens. KM-47a. 130.5 grams. Solid and mostly uncorroded coins with decent details, several interesting shapes (one with natural bubble hole in center). With original certificates. Estimate: $400-$600.

601. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible, average specimens. KM-47a.

132.4 grams. Solid and mostly uncorroded coins with decent details, some interesting shapes. With original certificates. Estimate: $400-$600.

602. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer s not visible, average specimens. KM-47a.

132.0 grams total. Solid and mostly uncorroded coins with decent details, most nicely toned. With original certificates. Estimate: $400-$600.

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603. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer R where visible, average specimens. KM-47a. 130.9 g rams total. Solid and mostly uncorroded coins with decent details. With original certificates. Estimate: $400$600.

604. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer R where visible, average specimens. KM-47a.

130.9 grams total. Solid but very lightly corroded coins in mostly interesting shapes, one with (173)0 date and oMR visible. With original certificates. Estimate: $400$600.

605. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer R where visible, average specimens. KM-47a. 128.1 grams total. Solid and mostly uncorroded coins with decent details. With original certificates. Estimate: $400$600.

606. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayers J, D and F, average specimens. KM47a. 123.8 grams total. Lightly corroded but all with assayer visible, some flatness but mostly decent details. With original certificates. Estimate: $400-$600.

607. Lot of 6 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer R where visible, average specimens. KM-47a.

158.8 grams total. Six solid coins, uncorroded and with decent details, one with oMR visible. With original certificates. Estimate: $475$700.

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608. Lot of 7 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible, average specimens. KM-47a.

183.2 g rams. Seven solid coins, uncorroded and with decent details, a few interesting shapes. With original certificates. Estimate: $525-$800.

609. Lot of 9 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer R where visible, average specimens. KM-47a.

235.6 grams. Nine solid coins, mostly uncorroded and with decent details, one with (173)0 date and oMR visible. With original certificates. Estimate: $600-$900.

610. Lot of 10 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, various assayers (where visible), average specimens. KM47a. 261.5 grams total. Interesting

lot of 10 coins in solid and mostly uncorroded condition, one of which appears to be 1728D, another with assayer G visible, plus a couple neat shapes. With original certificates. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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611. Lot of 10 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer s not visible, average specimens. KM-47a.

262.5 grams total. Ten coins, all solid and mostly uncorroded, but many with flat areas, some decent detail. With original certificates. Estimate: $700$1,000.

612. Lot of 10 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer D visible on one, average specimens. KM-47a. 264.1 grams. Ten solid coins with crude details as usual (much flatness, but mostly uncorroded), some interesting shapes, one with partial date and oMD visible. With original certificates. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

613. Lot of 10 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayers D and R where visible, average specimens. KM-47a. 264.3 grams. Solid coins as usual, with little or no corrosion, some interesting shapes, two showing assayer D and two showing assayer R. W ith original certificates. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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614. Lot of 10 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible, average specimens. KM-47a. 263.2 grams. Ten solid and mostly uncorroded coins with decent details, some interesting shapes. With original certificates. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

615. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1730(R). S-M24; KM- 616. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, 40a; CT-1026. 13.0 grams. Choice

full and bold date, full oM, very thick and solid flan (no corrosion) but with much weak strike, toned all over. With Historic Real Treasures photo-certificate and certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

assayers D and R, good specimens. KM-40a. 52.7 grams total. Four solid coins with no corrosion, clear mintmarks and assayers, decent details and mostly lightly toned. With original certificates. Estimate: $300-$450.

617. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733MF, rare. CT-776; KM-103. 25.2 grams. Bold details all over with attractive light toning, very minor surface corrosion. With original certificate. Estimate: $600-$900.

618. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733MF, rare. CT-776; KM-103. 25.5 grams. Richly toned all over, and with clear (but not bold) details, corroded around part of edge. With original certificate. Estimate: $600-$900.

619. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1734/ 3MF, scarce. CT-777; KM-103. 25.8 grams. Nice details (slightly weak in centers), very light surface corrosion only, spots of toning. With original certificate. Estimate: $350-$500.

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620. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1735MF, choice. CT-779; KM-103. 26.4 grams. Lustrous Mint State specimen, no corrosion except for a few microscopic pits, just a bit aggressively cleaned, starting to retone nicely, big flan, one of the best possible from this wreck. With original certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

623. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1737MF. CT-781; KM-103. 26.6 grams. No corrosion, choice details, darkly toned (low contrast). With original certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

621. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1735MF. CT-779; KM-103. 26.7 grams. Typically large flan but with natural edge-flaw, all details crisp and clear, some luster, minimal corrosion. With original certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

624. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, dated 1735-37 (one of each date), assayer MF, good specimens. KM-103. 26.0 to 26.6 grams each. XF details and minimal corrosion, all nicely toned, some with luster. With original certificates. Estimate: $500-$750.

622. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1736MF, choice. CT-780; KM-103. 26.5 grams. Totally uncorroded and with choice AU details, just a bit aggressively cleaned, starting to retone nicely. With original certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

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625. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, dated 1735-37 (one of each date), assayer MF, good specimens. KM-103. 25.3 to 26.9 grams each. XF details and minimal corrosion, all nicely toned, some with luster. With original certificates. Estimate: $500-$750.

626. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, dated 1735-37 (one of each date), assayer MF, good specimens. KM-103. 26.0 to 26.6 grams each. XF details and minimal corrosion, all nicely toned, some with luster. With original certificates. Estimate: $500-$750.

627. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, dated 1735-37 (one of each date), assayer MF, good specimens. KM-103. 25.5 to 26.0 grams each. XF details and minimal corrosion, all nicely toned, some with luster. With original certificates. Estimate: $500-$750.

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628. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, dated 1735-37 (one of each date), assayer MF, good specimens. KM-103. 25.8 to 26.5 grams each. XF details and minimal corrosion, all nicely toned, some with luster. With original certificates. Estimate: $500-$750.

629. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, dated 1735-37 (one of each date), assayer MF, good specimens. KM-103. 26.0 to 26.7 grams each. XF details and minimal corrosion, all nicely toned, some with luster. With original certificates. Estimate: $500-$750.

630. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, dated 1735-37 (one of each date), assayer MF, good specimens. KM-103. 26.5 to 26.8 grams each. XF details and minimal corrosion, all nicely toned, some with luster. With original certificates. Estimate: $500-$750.

631. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1735MF. CT-1049; KM-94. 12.7 grams. Choice full shield side, the pillars side a bit encrusted, with contrasting toning, minor corrosion, hairline fracture in flan (as made). With original certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

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Hollandia, sunk in 1743 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England 632. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, assayer MF (one with 1739 date visible), uncleaned. KM-103. 25.7 and 21.9 grams each. One coin (with 1739 date) intact but corroded, the other (date not visible) solid but with piece of edge missing and heavily encr usted, both darkly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

633. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 174/ 30MF, choice. CT-788; KM-103. 26.4 grams. Super specimen with virtually no corrosion, AU details, silvery from cleaning (no toning). With custom cardboard box printed with “Shipwreck Treasure from Isles of Scilly� on top. Estimate: $250-$375.

634. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1740MF, uncleaned. CT-790; KM-103. 23.4 grams. Dark and dented but intact and with all important details visible, some corrosion and encrustation. Estimate: $75-$100.

635. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Albert and Isabel, 1618, scarce. KM-49.1.

29.0 grams. Bold full legends (bold date and mintmark), full inner details, very lightly corroded and silvery, very nice for a shipwreck specimen. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

636. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1663. KM-72.2. 30.2 grams. Broad flan with clear details (bold date) despite moderate corrosion, somewhat silvery in color. Estimate: $80-$120.

139

Princess Louisa, sunk in 1743 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa 637. Large lot of hundreds of silver coins and fragments (over 1 kg). 1070 grams total. Mix of all different denominations and mints (nearly all cobs), some with readable details (even a few dates and mintmarks and assayers) but all in poor condition, with sharp and/or truncated edges and heavy surface corrosion, a great lot for making inexpensive promotional items. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

Reijgersdaal, sunk in 1747 off South Africa

638. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1737J, choice specimen. S- 640. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1739MF, G1; KM-6; CT-595. 27.2 grams. Big flan, with no corrosion and attractively toned, bold full date, high grade for this type (AXF) but with the usual flat spots. Estimate: $400-$600.

choice. CT-787; KM-103. 26.6 grams. Bold AU details all over with faint rainbow toning, no corrosion, slightly out-of-round and with minor edge-flaw as made. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

639. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1739MF,

641. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1741MF,

choice. CT-787; KM-103. 26.6 grams. Corrosion-free and beautifully rainbow-toned, with full AU details (some weak strike in center), very nice for a shipwreck coin. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

very choice. CT-791; KM-103. 26.6 grams. Beautifully rainbowtoned satin surfaces with AU+ details, not even a hint of corrosion, one of the most beautiful shipwreck coins imaginable. With certificate from the salvagers, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

140

642. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1742MF, very choice. CT-793; KM-103. 26.6 grams. Bold AU details against beautifully rainbow-toned fields, no corrosion at all, slightly off-center strike, stunning as a shipwreck piece. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

643. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1744MF, choice. CT-797; KM-103. 26.4 grams. AU details all over, faintly rainbow-toned, no corrosion, slightly crude edge (as made), scarcer date, very lovely for shipwreck salvage. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

Vlissingen, sunk in 1747 off Namibia on the southwest coast of Africa 644. Lot of 2 Zeeland, Dutch East India Co. (VOC), copper duits, 1746, one cleaned and the other as found, very rare provenance. KM-152.2. 1.8 and 2.0 grams each. The cleaned specimen shows all details clearly (somewhat dark and slightly corroded) but the uncleaned one is almost totally green and crusty (some details) and with corroded edge, but each one is quite valuable as among very few coins ever offered from this wreck in the heart of diamond territory. Estimate: $150$225.

Bredenhof, sunk in 1753 off South Africa

645. Attractive clump of over a dozen Dutch East India Company (VOC) copper duits. 62.8 grams. An excellent display that stands nicely upright with the coins all facing forward and spread out across about 3" of width, some bold details visible on the coins but more interesting for the green and brown encrustation all over. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

646. Cleaned clump of over a dozen Dutch East India Company (VOC) copper duits. 56.6 grams. Solid, 2"-wide, 3-lobed clump of stacked coins held together by tan and green encrustation, the coins with clear details, even some original copper color. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

141

647. Compact, encrusted clump of about 9 Dutch East India Company (VOC) copper duits. 35.5 grams. A solid, fallen stack of coins completely encased in whitish coral with green and brown debris, no coin details visible. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

648. Compact clump of 8 Dutch East India Company (VOC) copper duits. 28.2 grams. Tight stack of coins, nice detail (and some original copper color) on top and bottom coins, with bits of encrustation between the coins and large caking on side. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100$150.

Dodington, sunk in 1755 off South Africa 649. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1752MF. CT-329; KM-104.1. 23.4 grams. Clear details despite light to moderate corrosion (the edges somewhat “nibbled� as well), lightly toned all over. With original certificate fr om the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

Grosvenor, sunk in 1782 off South Africa

650. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 651. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1772FM (initials facing rim), rare provenance. CT-916; KM106.2. 23.5 grams. Typically large flan with full details despite moderate corrosion, somewhat silvery, among the first coins we have ever offered from this wreck. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

1775FM, rare provenance. CT-920; KM-106.2. 23.7 grams. Nice details with contrasting toning, light corrosion all over, among the first coins we have ever offered from this wreck. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

652. India (Mughal Empire), rupee, (1700s), rare provenance. 10.2 grams. Solid and thick, round coin with Arabic script on both sides, lightly toned and corrosion-free, probably fully attributable by a specialist but for us important for being among the first we have ever offered from this wreck. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

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Nicobar, sunk in 1783 off South Africa 653. Sweden (Avesta mint), copper “plate money� 1 daler, Fredrik I, 1748. KM-PM65. 724 grams, 5-1/4" square. Intact edges but with minor surface corrosion, nice dark color, all 5 stamps in evidence, 2 bold dates, attractive specimen and not so large as to be cumbersome, like most. Estimate: $500-$750.

Cazador, sunk in 1784 off New Orleans, Louisiana

654. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 655. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. CT-933; KM-106.2. 24.9 grams. AU details, minimal corrosion, bright silver with incipient gold toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

1783FF. CT-933; KM-106.2. 24.6 grams. Very lustrous and high grade (AU+), practically no corrosion, silvery but with incipient russet toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

656. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. CT-933; KM-106.2. 24.8 grams. Near Mint State details, practically no corrosion, rainbow toning but still obviously cleaned. Estimate: $150-$225.

657. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. CT-933; KM-106.2. 24.6 grams. AU details, with hint of corrosion around edge, silvery but with colorful toning all over. Estimate: $100-$150.

658. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. CT-933; KM-106.2. 25.0 grams. XF details, light corrosion all over, typically silvery. In Washington Mint clamshell display box, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

143

Hartwell, sunk in 1787 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

659. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1773FM. CT-918; KM-106.2. 25.3 grams. Typically broad flan, VF details despite some corrosion, darkly toned all over. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

660. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1777FM. CT-923; KM-106.2. 23.6 grams. Bold details, light corrosion, good contrast. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

661. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1781FF. CT-931; KM-106.2. 24.7 grams. Nice details and full rims, very light surface corrosion only, toned all over. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

662. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786FM. CT-939; KM-106.2a. 24.6 grams. Bold VF details, light corrosion only, fully toned. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

663. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786FM. CT-939; KM-106.2a. 23.4 grams. Bold details (VF) despite light to moderate corrosion, good contrast from toning. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

664. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1773JM. CT-852; KM-78. 25.3 grams. Large flan as usual, with bold VF details despite light corrosion, nice toning. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $90-$135.

665. Guatemala, pillar 2 reales, Charles III, 1765P, with T countermark above worlds, rare. CT-1236; KM-25. 5.0 grams. Worn and lightly corroded but with clear details, bold countermark that is currently unattributed (could be rare), rare host coin. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$300.

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Zeeland, sunk in 1793 off South Africa 666. Utrecht, Dutch East India Co. (VOC), copper duit, 1790, very rare provenance. KM111.1. 2.9 grams. Bold details (some in original light copper color) here and there peeking through

dark and slightly greenish encrustation, only the second coin we have ever seen from this obscure wreck. Estimate: $200-$300.

HMS Queen, sunk in 1799 off Salvador, Brazil 667. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1796FM, very rare provenance. CT-690; KM-109. 23.3 grams. Clear details despite moderate corrosion and patchy toning, first and only coin from this wreck we have ever seen (although we have seen artifacts from it). Estimate: $350-$500.

HMS Athenienne, sunk in 1806 on the Esquerques reef in the Mediterranean

668. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 670. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1786FM. CT-939; KM-106.2a. 26.5 grams. Richly toned, with practically no corrosion, just a bit worn (AVF) and struck slightly off-center. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150$225.

1795FM. CT-689; KM-109. 25.1 grams. Virtually corrosion-free, with nice satin toning, just a little worn (AVF). With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

671. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 669. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1796FM. CT-690; KM-109. 26.8 grams. Richly toned AXF, no 1793FM. CT-686; KM-109. 25.6 grams. Bold details and nicely toned, with very light corrosion all over. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

corrosion at all. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

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672. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1802FT. CT-698; KM-109. 26.7 grams. XF details under deep brown toning and patches of encrustation (one large), no corrosion, very solid. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150$225.

673. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1803FT. CT-699; KM-109. 26.8 grams. AU details, virtually no corrosion (just a couple pits), darkly toned all over. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

674. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1803FT. CT-699; KM-109. 26.8 grams. Bold XF with nicely contrasting toning, virtually no corrosion. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

675. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1803FT. CT-699; KM-109. 26.7 grams. Very richly brown-toned, with XF details, no corrosion but a couple gouges near edges. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $125$200.

676. Seville, Spain, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1798CN, scarce. CT-774; KM-432.2. 27.1 grams. Bold and high-grade details (near AU), with lustrous reverse fields, no corrosion but a few small nicks, nicely toned. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $200-$300.

677. Seville, Spain, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1798CN, scarce. CT-774; KM-432.2. 25.3 grams. Bold details despite light corrosion, richly toned all over. With original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $150-$225.

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Admiral Gardner, sunk in 1809 southeast of England

678. Lot of 15 English East India Co. copper XX cash, 1808, matte surfaces. 136.3 grams total. Choice specimens (no corrosion) in bright copper color (cleaned but not polished), a few with dark stains, popular for retail sales. Estimate: $250-$375.

679. Lot of 15 English East India Co. copper XX cash, 1808, matte surfaces. 137.7 grams total. Choice specimens (no corrosion) in bright copper color (cleaned but not polished), a few with dark stains, popular for retail sales. Estimate: $250-$375.

680. Lot of 15 English East India Co. copper XX cash, 1808, polished surfaces. 134.0 grams total. Choice specimens (no corrosion) in bright copper color, lightly cleaned and polished, popular for retail sales. Estimate: $250-$375.

Unidentified ca.-1811 wreck off Cádiz, Spain (spuriously attributed to the Black Joke of 1828)

681. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales: Charles IV, 1801FM; and Ferdinand VII transitional (“armored bust”), 1809 (assayers not visible). 15.7 and 20.6 grams. Clear details despite moderate corrosion, some dark toning and encrustation. With numbered certificates from unidentified salvager attributing the source to a pirate ship named Black Joke, sunk in 1828 and salvaged in 1991. Estimate: $125-$200.

Sabina, sunk in 1842 off South Africa 682. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1815JJ, scarce provenance. CT-557; KM-111. 17.1 grams. Worn and corroded but with all important details still clear, silvery but starting to tone. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

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683. PotosĂ­, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1822PJ, scarce provenance. CT-611; KM-84. 23.9 grams. Decent detail and contrasting toning, moderate corrosion. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

684. Seville, Spain, bust 4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818CJ, scarce provenance. CT-811; KM-476.3. 12.6 grams. Weak but certain details (clear date) due to corrosion, very faint toning, tough denomination and provenance. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

Santo Andre, sunk in 1856 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

685. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (armored bust), 1810HJ, scarce. CT-940; KM-92. 5.8 grams. Some clear details but mostly weak due to corrosion. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

686. Madrid, Spain, 20 reales, Joseph Napoleon, 1810AI, large eagle in shield, scarce. CT-25; KM-unlisted (cf. 551.2). 23.5 grams. Bold bust, some clear details despite moderate corrosion, the date and variety at least discernible. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $125-$200.

687. Seville, Spain, bust 20 reales, Isabel II, 1852. CT-191; KM-593.3. 24.3 grams. Nice

XF details all over, much better than most from this wreck, also attractively toned, just a hint of corrosion. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

688. Seville, Spain, bust 20 reales, Isabel II, 1855. CT-193; KM-593.3. 25.1 grams. Bold XF+ details, virtually no corrosion, nice contrasting toning, among the best from this wreck. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

689. Seville, Spain, bust 20 reales, Isabel II, 1855. CT-193; KM-593.3. 22.3 grams. Typically corroded but with all details still clear, lightly toned. W ith original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

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690. Madrid, Spain, bust 10 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821SR. CT-762; KM-560.2. 12.7 grams. A bit worn but not overly corroded, with nice toning, all details fairly clear, interesting one-year type. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

691. Seville, Spain, bust 10 reales, Isabel II, 1852. CT-238; KM-595.3. 12.0 grams. Bold XF details on obverse, reverse weaker, minimal corrosion, a few marks, nicely toned. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

692. Seville, Spain, bust 10 reales, Isabel II, 1854. CT-241; KM-595.3. 12.6 grams. Uncorroded XF+, even a bit lustrous, with subtle toning all over, one of the best from this wreck. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.

Unidentified steamship wreck sunk ca. 1900 in the San Juan River between Costa Rica and Nicaragua

693. Santiago, Chile, 1 peso, 1882. KM-142.1. 24.9 grams. Nice XF details, no corrosion, attractively toned. Estimate: $40-$60.

695. Guatemala,

1 peso, 1894-H. KM-210. 24.8 XF with bits of sediment but no other evidence of salvage. Estimate: $40-$60. grams. Corrosion-free

694. El Salvador, 1 peso, 1894CAM.

KM-115.1. 24.6

grams. Corrosion-free AXF with weak center, hard to tell it was

salvaged. Estimate: $40-$60.

696. Guatemala, 1 peso, 1896. KM-210. 24.5 grams. Bold AXF with dark sediment all over but no corrosion. Estimate: $40$60.

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697. Honduras, 1 peso, 1894/892 (open 4). KM-62.

25.0

grams. Nice VF-XF, somewhat lustrous, very well preserved (no

698. Lima, Peru, 1 sol, 1870YJ. KM-196.3. 24.6 grams. Lustrous

corrosion or sediment). Estimate: $60-$90.

AU, faintly toned, excellent specimen as from a wreck. Estimate: $40-$60.

Elingamite , sunk in 1902 off New Zealand 699. Denomination set of New Zealand half crown (1900), 2 shillings (1900) and shilling (1879) (3 coins total) in original promotional wallet. 13.8, 10.8 and 5.0 grams each. Typical promotional set from this wreck, the three coins all more or less corroded and/or encrusted and reacting with the plastic in the wallet, yet with clear details on each coin (the two larger ones particularly bold), and really the best package available from this somewhat modern wreck. With original certificate and promotional wallet printed with Treasure Coins from the Wreck of the Elingamite on the front. Estimate: $125-$200.

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SESSION II: Thursday, April 8, 2:00 pm EDT SILVER COBS OF MEXICO CITY, MEXICO, featuring the John Pullin collection Charles-Joanna “Early Series”

700. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” oMo to left, oPo to right, panel leaning right. SM4; KM-17; CT-74. 13.1. grams. Attractively toned AXF with full and bold details, hint of luster on fields, very nicely struck. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

703. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” oMo to left, oPo to right. S-M4; KM-11; CT-123. 6.7 grams. VF+ with mostly bold details, some areas slightly weak, nicely toned and no doubling. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Charles-Joanna “Late Series”

701. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” oMo to left, oPo to right, panel leaning left. S-M4; KM-17; CT-74. 13.4 grams. Bold XF-AU with subtle rainbow toning, nice strike except for very minor doubling in spots on pillars side. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

704. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” G to left, M to right, choice. S-M2; KM-18; CT-80. 13.5 broad flan with full details in XF grade, richly toned all over, small edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $400-$600. grams. Exceptionally

702. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” oMo to left, oPo to right. S-M4; KM-17; CT-74. 13.7 grams. Lustrous AXF with nice toning, bold details, slightly offcenter shield side. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 13-14, 2006 (lot #1412), with lottag. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

151

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705. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” G to left, M to right, small circle between S and V in motto. S-M2; KM-18; CT-80. 13.4 grams. This coin has soul! Right in the middle it says “SoVL,” and we have no idea what that extra circle in the motto is really for, but there you have it, first we have ever seen, with interesting ornaments in the legend as well. Nicely centered full details on a very broad and perfectly round flan, AU grade, lightly toned all over. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

709. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” R to left, M to right, scarce. S-M7; KM-18; CT-90. 13.2 grams. Technically XF but not so bold as most, richly toned all over, well centered. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $600-$900.

710. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late 706. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, G to right. S-M2; KM-18; CT-81. 13.6 grams. Very broad, round flan with choice XF+ details, pillars side slightly off-center, lightly toned all over. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

Series,” L to left, M to right. S-M9; KM-18; CT-86. 13.5 grams. Broad flan, full details (XF), richly toned all over. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of November 11, 2003 (lot #461), with lot-tag. Estimate: $350-$500.

711. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late 707. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, G to right. S-M2; KM-18; CT-81. 13.4 grams. Bold AXF details, typically well struck, nicely toned, with hint of corrosion on part of edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

Series,” M to left, L to right. S-M9; KM-18; CT-84. 13.4 grams. Lustrous AU, richly toned, practically fully detailed. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

708. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, A to right, scarce and choice. S-M6; KM18; CT-79. 13.5 grams. Broad flan with bold AU details, rainbowtoned, traces of corrosion near edges. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

152

712. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late 716. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late

Series,” oM to left, O to right, choice. S-M10; KM-18; CT-88. shield and O, bold pillars, some peripheral flatness, XF for the issue, attractively orange-toned. Estimate: $350-$500.

13.6 grams. Bold

713. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, O to right, choice. S-M10; KM-18; CT-88. better strike than usual for this assayer, with nearly full legends, and full inner details, richly toned all over, VF+. Estimate: $300-$450.

13.3 grams. Much

Series,” G to left, M to right. S-M5; KM-12; CT-111. 6.8 grams. Very broad, round flan with bold VF details and lovely toning, no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.

717. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, A to right, choice and scarce. S-M6; KM12; CT-109. 6.7 grams. Stunningly detailed XF with super toning, nice strike. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400$600.

718. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late 714. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” O to left, oM to right. S-M10; KM-18; CT-89. 13.4 grams. Small, thick flan with full inner details, nice toning, VF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

Series,” M to left, L to right. S-M9; KM-12; CT-116. 6.8 grams. Broad flan with full details, lightly toned XF, very slight doubling in part of legends only. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

715. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” L/O to left, oM to right, scarce. S-M9a; KM-18; CT87. 13.4 grams. Richly toned AVF with spot of orange encrustation, good details (no doubling or flatness). Pedigreed to the Pittman collection and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

153

719. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, O to right. S-M10; KM-12; CT-121. 6.8 grams. Bold XF details, some weak areas per the assayer, but no doubling and well centered, sediment in crevices. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

720. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, O to right. S-M10; KM-12; CT-121. 6.7 grams. Broad flan, lustrous and high grade (XF+), but with typical flat areas and minor doubling, incipient rainbow-toning around edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

721. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, O to right. S-M10; KM-12; CT-121. 6.9 grams. Choice detail for the assayer, AXF grade, richly toned, very minor doubling only. Estimate: $150-$225.

722. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, O to right. S-M10; KM-12; CT-121. 4.9 grams. Bold AVF details, typically slightly crude, with dark sediment atop old corrosion on fields, very small parts of edge broken off long ago. Estimate: $100-$150.

723. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, O to right. S-M10; KM-12; CT-120. 6.6 grams. Broad, crude flan with some flat areas but technically AVF, subtle toning, scarce variety with single-letter mintmark. Estimate: $100$150.

724. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, L/O to right. S-M9a; KM-12; CT-117. 6.7 grams. Richly toned VF+ with full details (nice legends), prominent over-assayer, odd-shaped hole near edge that was either natural (bubble in metal) or pierced by knife-point long ago. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

725. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, L to right. S-M9a; KM-12; CT-117. 6.8 grams. Bold legends and inner details, XF with some weak spots, light toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

726. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, L to right. S-M9a; KM-12; CT-117. 6.7 grams. Round and beautifully toned AVF with full inner details and most of legends, no doubling, great full crown. Estimate: $150-$225.

727. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” L to left, oM to right. S-M9; KM-12; CT-115. 6.8 grams. Richly toned AXF with great details (the pillars particularly bold), well centered and well-struck, very minor edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

154

728. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” L to left, oM to right. S-M9; KM-12; CT-115. 6.9 grams. Fine details, with extensive dark sediment on top of what appears to be minor corrosion (could be a 1554 Fleet/Padre Island find), legends prominent. Estimate: $100-$150.

729. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, G to right. S-M5; KM-9; CT-140. 3.2 grams. Very broad, thin flan with choice details in VF+ grade, lovely toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

730. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, G to right. S-M5; KM-9; CT-140. 3.1 grams. Perfectly round, broad and thin, with full details (nice strike), VF, richly toned all over. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $125$200.

731. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, A to right, scarce. S-M6; KM-9; CT-136. 3.4 grams. Excellent full shield and pillars, nearly full legends, nice strike, richly toned, AXF grade. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Richard Long auction of April 5, 2002 (lot #320). Estimate: $200-$300.

732. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, A to right, scarce. S-M6; KM-9; CT-137. 3.2 grams. Good detail but worn (About Fine), subtly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

733. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, R to right, rare. S-M7; KM-9; CT-155. 3.3 grams. Broad flan with nice details for grade (AVF), richly toned, hairline edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

734. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, S to right, rare. S-M8; KM-9; CT-156. 3.2 grams. Choice shield with clear assayer, other nice details as well, toned VF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

735. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” L to left, M to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-143. 3.4 grams. Lustrous and bold XF+, well centered. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

736. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” L to left, M to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-143. 3.3 grams. Lustrous AXF, nicely centered. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

737. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, L to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-145. 3.3 grams. Deeply rainbow-toned VF, well struck and problemfree. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

155

738. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, L to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-145. 3.3 grams. Technically VF+ but uneven strike, well centered, somewhat lustrous. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

739. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, L to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-145. 3.2 grams. Deeply toned and evenly struck VF, faint hairline scratch on pillars side. Estimate: $50-$75.

740. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” O to left, M to right. S-M10; KM-9; CT-147. 3.3 grams. VF with bold details all over, contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

741. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, O to right. S-M10; KM-9; CT-150. 3.3 grams. Bold shield and most of legend, rounder than usual for this assayer, AVF for wear. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $125$200.

742. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, O to right. S-M10; KM-9; CT-150. 3.4 grams. Rainbow-toned VF, unevenly struck, full legends. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

743. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, L/O to right. S-M9a; KM-9; CT-146. 3.3 grams. VF with bold full legends and inner details, some minor flat areas, contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

744. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” L to left, oM to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-144. 3.4 grams. Nice details (the legends particularly bold), VF with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

745. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” L to left, oM to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-144. 3.4 grams. Bold XF with subtle toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

746. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, L to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-146. 3.3 grams. Lustrous XF with particularly nice shield, parts of legend bold, lightly rainbow-toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $125$200.

747. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, L to right. S-M9; KM-9; CT-146. 3.4 grams. Nice VF with nearly full legends, rainbow toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

156

748. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” I (L) to left, ooM to right. S-M9; KM-9;

CT-144. 3.2

grams. Interesting

variety with assayer as “I” and mintmark with double o, mostly good details, deeply toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

749. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer not visible, cut down to size and precise weight of a 1/2 real and countermarked with a rampant lion in crenellated border (currently unattributed and probably rare). 1.4 grams. Perfectly round, with edges clearly trimmed centuries ago to make the coin a half real, with the mysterious countermark fully visible on one of the host coin’s pillars, faint oM mintmark on other side, the host no better than VG but the countermark at least Fine, all deeply old-toned, definitely worth specialized study. Estimate: $100-$500.

750. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” G to left, M to right of monogram. S-M5; KM-6.5; CT176. 1.3 grams. Typically broad, thin, round flan with bold full crowned-KI, well centered, Fine with flat spots, contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

751. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M to left, o in middle, L to right. S-M9; KM-6.5; CT-180 (variant). 1.6 grams. Very broad and thin (and slightly wavy) flan, most details bold, toned AVF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

752. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” o to left, L to right, M at bottom. S-M9; KM-6.5; CT179. 1.6 grams. Broad

and thin flan with full legends and inner details, AVF with some dark spots in addition to subtle underlying toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

753. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” o to left, L to right, oMo below monogram. S-M9; KM-6.5; CT-179. 1.6 grams. Nice details but smaller flan than most, VF with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

754. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, o in middle of monogram, motto as PV-S. S-M10; KM-6.5; CT-184 (variant). 1.6 grams. Typically broad flan, very bold details but also some flatness (per the assayer), VF with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

755. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” oM to left, o in middle, o to right of monogram, motto as P-LV-S. S-M10; KM-6.5; CT-185 (variant). 1.4 grams. Fine with bold KI in center and king’s name CAROLV(S), toned on fields, some flat areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

756. Mexico City, Mexico, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” o4o-M at bottom on reverse. KM-3.3; CT-205. 5.6 grams. AVF with weak areas, good legends, mostly chocolate brown with dark fields, not corroded like most (scarce thus). Pedigreed to the Superior auction of June 11-14, 1973 (lot #322), with original tag. Estimate: $250-$375.

757. Mexico City, Mexico, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” M-4 at bottom on obverse, 4 and six small circles at bottom on reverse. KM-3.3; CT-204 (variant). 5.3 grams. Bold legends and inner details (VF+) despite light surface corrosion, nice contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

157

Shield-type

761. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)612/1F, rare. S758. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer

M17; KM-44.3; CT-104. 27.4 grams. Clear date with certain overdate,

F. S-M12; KM-43; CT-154. 26.8 grams. Bold king’s name, nearly full crown and shield and cross, nicely old-toned Fine. Estimate: $200-$300.

bold oMF, nice full cross, nearly full shield and crown, nontoned VF with some weak strike near edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

759. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, joint assayers F and oD, with oM-(F) to left and 8-oD to right, rare. S-M14a. 25.3 grams. XF details but with hint of corrosion as from the “Rill Cove wreck,” sunk ca. 1618 off Cornwall, England, the oD assayer very bold and with nearly full shield and cross, attractively toned. Estimate: $350-$500.

shield and cross, both well centered, also bold date and oMF, lightly toned VF with minor stressfractures in edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

760. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1609/8A, rare

763. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1620D, choice full

overdate. S-M16; KM-unlisted (cf. 44.3). 27.4 grams. Broad flan with very choice full shield and cross, full and clear date and oMA and denomination, curious error in reverse legend with INDIARVN RVEX (with extra V and N for M), non-toned XF with mint luster, quite impressive. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

date. S-M18; KM-44.3; CT-117. 27.6 grams. Very bold and full date and oMD, nearly full shield and most of cross, typically crude edge, Fine+ overall. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

762. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)13F. S-M17; KM44.3; CT-94. 27.1 grams. Full

158

764. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)21/0D. S-M18; 767. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1627D. S-M18a; KMKM-44.3; CT-118. 27.4 grams. Exceptionally broad flan with choice

full shield and nearly full cross, bold 1/0 in date, full oMD, nearly XF but typically flat peripheries. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

45. 27.6 grams. Somewhat

barrel-shaped, with full but partially weak shield and cross, bold oMD, full 16 but just the bottoms of the 27 of the date, lustrous VF with patchy toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of November 1, 2005 (lot #913), with lot-tag. Estimate: $275-$400.

765. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1622D. S-M18a; KM45. 26.4 grams. Good but

partially weak full cross and shield and oMD and 8, clear date, lightly red-toned AVF with hint of corrosion (might be from the “Lucayan Beach wreck” of ca.

1628. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

768. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1629D, rare. S-M18a; KM-45; CT-323. 26.8 grams. Deeply toned AVF with full shield and

cross, the latter with lamination but both with flat spots, full oMD, full 162 and most of 9 of date. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

766. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)23D. S-M18a; KM-45; CT-312. 26.8 grams. Bold full shield and oMD, good full cross, certain 3 of date and base of 2, AVF with edgesplit. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

Bid LIVE on the internet at www.iCollector.com/sedwick

769. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)31D, very rare. S-M18a; KM-45; CT-325. 26.3 grams. Odd-shaped flan with good full shield and cross, full oMD, bold 31 of date (missing in Calbetó), crude VF+. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $600-$900.

159

770. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1635/4P, very rare. S-M19. 26.2 grams. Roundish flan with 100% full and bold date (with prominent overdate), choice cross (full and bold), good full shield, AVF with contrasting toning, a super specimen of a super rarity, possibly from the Concepci贸n, sunk in 1641 off Hispaniola. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $1,000$1,500.

773. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)43/2P, very rare. S-M19. 27.2 grams. Very crude strike (lots of flatness) but with very bold full 43 of date with clear overdate (first example we have ever heard of), most of crown and cross, probably Fine for actual wear, with curious punchmarks on reverse (one so deep it breaches the other side), green encrustation on edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

774. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1645P, rare. S-M19; 771. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1638/7P, very rare. S-M19. 26.8 grams. Very bold, full date with clear overdate, bold full oMP, part of shield and cross bold and high grade (XF) but the rest flat as made, possibly from the Concepci贸n, sunk in 1641 off Hispaniola. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

KM-45; CT-342. 24.4 grams. Full date and bold full oMP, nearly full

shield, good full cross, silvery Fine, possibly clipped on edge long ago. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $600$900.

775. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1648P. S-M19; KM45; CT-347. 27.1 grams. Choice full date and oMP, good full shield

772. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)38P, very rare. S-M19; KM-45; CT-333. 26.6 grams. Bold full 8 of date, full oMP, full shield and cross but with typical flatness and fairly low grade (VG). Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

and cross on a large flan, attractively toned Fine with typical flat areas. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $700$1,000.

160

776. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)49/8P. S-M19; 779. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1652P. S-M19; KMKM-45; CT-348. 27.3 grams. Clear date and overdate, full oMP and

shield and cross, curiously sprinkled with chopmarks (all tiny except for one), also test-cut in edge as from circulation in the Orient, toned Fine with green spots. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

777. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)649P. S-M19; KM45; CT-349. 27.3 grams. Large

and somewhat pillow-shaped flan with full but crude cross and shield, bold oMP, certain date, old test-cut in edge and stress fractures near one point, lustrous and rainbow-toned Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

45; CT-356. 27.5 grams. Big flan with 100% full date and oMP, full cross and nearly full shield, Fine with typical flatness, lightly toned, two old test-cuts on reverse. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

780. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1653P, choice full date. S-M19; KM-45; CT-358. 26.9 grams. Very broad flan, with choice full and bold date and oMP, super full cross, nearly full shield, high grade (XF details) but probably salvaged from the Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western Australia. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350$500.

778. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)651P. S-M19; KM- 781. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1654P. S-M19; KM45; CT-351. 27.3 grams. Roundish flan with good full shield and cross, bold oMP and denomination, clear date, VF with flat spots, toned and green in places. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

45; CT-360. 24.1 grams. Very

bold oMP, clear date, very nice full cross and nearly full shield, toned and high grade (XF details) but almost certainly salvaged from the Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western Australia, with corrosion near edges. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of June 6, 1998 (lot #360), with lot-tag. Estimate: $300-$450.

161

785. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1658P. S-M19; KM782. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1655/4P. S-M19; KM45; CT-361. 25.9 grams. Full

date with prominent overdate, good full cross, full oMP and shield, deeply toned Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of June 6, 1998 (lot #361), with lot-tag. Estimate: $300-$450.

45; CT-366. 26.0 grams. Choice

full date and oMP, super bold full cross, most of shield, very attractive VF for the issue. Estimate: $400-$600.

786. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1658P, full date. S783. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1656P. S-M19; KM-

M19; KM-45; CT-366. 27.7 grams. Large (in fact overweight) flan with

45; CT-363. 26.7 grams. Very

full date and bold oMP, nearly full shield and cross, technically XF but with much peripheral flatness, lightly toned with green spots. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

thick flan, with good full shield and cross, full oMP and date, nice Fine, not much contrast. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

787. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1659P. S-M19; KM784. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)57P. S-M19; KM45; CT-365. 26.2 grams. Typically

urn-shaped, with full shield and cross, bold oMP, full 7 of date, deeply toned VF with some flat spots. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

45; CT-368. 21.0 grams. Bold

165 of date and oMP, good cross, most of shield, but typically crude and lightly corroded as from the Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa, now deeply toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of February 14, 1998 (lot #711), with lot-tag. Estimate: $150-$225.

162

788. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1660(P). S-M19; KM- 791. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1664P, rare. S-M19; 45; CT-370. 26.9 grams. Bold

date, very crude strike with lots of flatness, most of the shield and cross still visible, non-toned About Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April 22-23, 2005 (lot #374), with lottag. Estimate: $300-$450.

KM-45; CT-375. 27.1 grams. Full date and oMP, full shield and cross,

but all very weak and worn (VG+), lightly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

792. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)665P, rare. S789. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)62P, rare. SM19; KM-45; CT-372. 23.3 grams. Clear

62 of date, bold full oMP, nearly full shield and cross, crudely toned VF with part of edge clipped long ago. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

M19; KM-45; CT-376. 24.2 grams. Full 65 of

date followed by a dot, full oMP and cross, nice full shield, Fine details but with light corrosion as from salvage, probably from the Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

790. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)63P, rare. S- 793. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1665P. S-M19; KMM19; KM-45; CT-374. 26.8 grams. Bold date, nice full shield and cross,

full oMP, AVF with very minor surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of June 8, 2002 (lot #429), with lot-tag. Estimate: $350-$500.

45; CT-376. 27.0 grams. Full but doubled date and oMP, good full shield, nearly full cross, darkly toned and lightly corroded as salvaged, probably from the Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $275-$425.

163

794. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible, variety with border of x’s. KM-45. 26.9 grams. Crude strike (VG with flatness) but with interesting (unrecorded) border of x’s outside the full shield, nearly full cross, spot of dark encrustation. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

797. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1672G, very rare. SM20; KM-46; CT-272. 25.3 grams. Bold

date and mintmark, good cross, partial shield, but all the rest flat (as made), maybe About Fine for wear, nicely toned, with pieces of edge clipped long ago. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of December 1, 1987 (lot #800), with lot-tag. Estimate: $600$900.

795. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1666G, with “Golden Fleece” countermark of Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (1652-72), very rare. S-19a; KM-45. 27.1 grams. Very choice, full and bold date, full oMG, bold bottom half of countermark in middle of full cross, host coin only About Fine but with a very nice, natural look (no corrosion or cleaning or damage), a super specimen even if not high grade, and with classic pedigree. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of June 8-9, 1984 (lot #869), with lottag. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

798. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1677G, very rare. SM20; KM-46; CT-277. 25.9 grams. Rectangular

flan with perfectly full and bold date, full oMG, nice shield and cross, AVF, super specimen of a date that was missing in Calbetó and of a period that almost never produced nice-looking coins like this. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

799. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1679L. S-M21; KM796. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1668G, rare. S-M20; KM-46; CT-269. 27.1 grams. Bold full oMG and clear date, full shield

and cross but peripherally flat, Fine for wear, with some hairline scratches. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $600$900.

46; CT-279. 25.4 grams. Urn-shaped flan with bold date and oML, full cross and nearly full shield but typically crude, Fine for actual wear, rare as non-salvage. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of March 15-16, 1990 (lot #2936), with lot-tag. Estimate: $600-$900.

164

800. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1681L. S-M21; KM46; CT-281. 19.3 grams. Bold

date and oML, most of cross and shield, VF (or better (details but lightly corroded as almost certainly from the Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

803. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)716(J), rare. SM22; KM-47; CT-745. 26.1 grams. Bold

full date, clear oM and part of shield and cross, but all the rest flat (about 60% of the flan) as made, Fine or better for actual wear, one small chopmark on cross side as from circulation in the Orient. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of May 27-28, 1988 (lot #933), with lot-tag. Estimate: $500-$750.

801. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1700L, very rare. SM21; KM-46; CT-300. 27.8 grams. Odd-shaped

flan with clear date and bold oML, good full cross, most of shield and crown, AVF with flat spots but contrasting toning, very solid (in fact overweight) and much less crude than usual for this period, which almost never comes with a visible date like on this coin. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

802. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1701L, rare. SM21CT-301. 25.5 grams. Very odd 3-pointed shape (with old plug at one end), clear date (bold final digit) and oML, most of crown and cross, part of shield, the rest flat (as usual), toned VG. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of May 27-28, 1988 (lot #929), with lot-tag. Estimate: $700$1,000.

804. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1718/7J, rare. SM22; KM-47; CT-unlisted. 26.1 grams. Full date with certain overdate,

full oMJ, nearly full cross, typically mostly flat but Fine or better for actual wear, toned all over with tan sediment in crevices. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

805. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1720(J), bold date, with Guatemala sun-over-mountains countermark (Type II, 1838) on cross side, rare. S-M22; KM-47; CT-748. 26.6 grams. Very bold and full date, part of mintmark and one full castle but all the rest flat (as made, otherwise VG?), nice full countermark (VF+), with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of February 22, 1997 (lot #447), with lot-tag. Estimate: $350-$500.

165

809. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)725D, very rare 806. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1721(J), rare. S- (probably Louis I), with Indonesian countermark. S-M23; M22; KM-47; CT-unlisted. 25.3 grams. Clear

date and full mintmark, crude partial cross and shield, mostly flat (otherwise VG?) and with light corrosion as from salvage, probably from the Akerendam, sunk in 1725 off Norway. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

KM-49; CT-18. 25.8 grams. Bold

25 of date, full oMD, nearly full crown, otherwise mostly flat (rainbow-toned Fine), with what appears to be a test-mark (an old gouge in the center of the cross that breaches the other side) in addition to a scratched X and a countermark of the date AH1230 (1814-15) in Arabic, commonly attributed to Sumenep (Madura Island) in Indonesia, a fascinating coin with interest in several areas. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

807. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1722(J), rare. SM22; KM-47; CT-749. 26.4 grams. Full

date and mintmark, decent cross but typically mostly flat (otherwise VG?), with nice natural surfaces, on which were faintly inscribed long ago some indecipherable letters and numbers. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

810. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1726D. S-M23a. 26.9 grams. Unusually full date and oMD, good cross, minimal shield

(very off-center), mostly flat and with small depression (as made), low-relief Fine with some coppery toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

808. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1723J, very rare. S- 811. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1729R. S-M24; KMM22; KM-47; CT-750. 25.6 grams. Full 23 of

date and full oMJ, some cross and tressure but all the rest typically flat (otherwise VG?), neat rhomboid shape. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

Bold full oMR, clear date, nice but incomplete cross and crown, otherwise mostly flat, XF where struck up, very lightly corroded as probably from the Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 southeast of England. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

47a; CT-754. 26.4 grams.

166

812. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730G/R. S-M25; 816. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer KM-47a. 27.2 grams. Interesting

shape (thick flan), with full and bold date and oMG with clear over-assayer, good full cross, Fine for wear, with odd spots of encrusted toning here and there (decidedly not jewelry solder, which it resembles). Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

O (oMO to left). S-M11; KM-36; CT-335. 13.7 grams. Very broad, round flan with choice full crown and shield and cross, some bold legend, toned VF+ with edge-split. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

817. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer

813. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730G. S-M25; KM47a; CT-759. 26.7 grams. Rectangular

flan with bold full date and oMG, good cross and shield, the latter with a very large lacuna (as made), Fine+ with contrasting toning, very attractive and interesting. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of June 4, 1994 (lot #672), with lot-tag. Estimate: $250-$375.

O (oMO to left). S-M11; KM-36; CT-335. 13.7 grams. Round flan with good full shield and crown and cross and most of the legends, lightly toned VF (not much contrast). Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

818. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer O (oMO to right). S-M11; KM-36; CT-333. 13.2 grams. Nice bold shield and cross, nearly full crown, bold oMO, VF with attractive contrasting toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

814. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1731/0F/G, rare overdate/over-assayer combination. S-M26. 25.3 grams. Small, thick flan with full date and oMF (the overdate and over-assayer quite clear), excellent full cross and good full shield, well-struck AVF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

815. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732/1F. S-M26; KM47a; CT-763. 26.4 grams. Small, thick, rectangular planchet with full and bold date and oMF, good cross, toned Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

167

819. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer

822. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1611/0F, rare. S-

F. S-M12a; KM-37.1; CT-223. 13.6 grams. Bold full shield with oMF to left and 4 to right, good full cross, all off-center, with peripheral flatness, silver y VF+ with a couple dark spots. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

and bold oMF, nearly full shield and cross and crown, lightly toned XF with flat spots. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

M17. 13.7 grams. Bold date and overdate (first we have seen), full

820. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1608/7(F), rare. S- 823. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (16)12F. S-M17; KMM15. 13.6 grams. Bold

full date with clear overdate (first we have seen), good full shield and cross, well-detailed crown, off-center XF with flat spots, silvery but with incipient rose toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

37.2. 12.9 grams. Bold

full oMF, clear date, nice cross and shield, richly toned VF with flatness near edges, very lightly shaved long ago (to make it perfectly round). Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

824. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (1)621/0/9D, rare 821. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (1)609/8A. S-M16; KM-37.2; CT-227. 13.5 grams. Large,

round flan with bold oMA, clear date, nice full cross, full king’s ordinal III, silvery AXF with spots of toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

overdate. S-M18. 12.8 grams. Very bold date with clear multiple overdates, good full cross and crown, half of shield bold (the rest flat), full assayer D, lightly toned AVF with pitting only on part of edge as probably from the “Lucayan Beach wreck,” sunk ca. 1628 off Grand Bahama Island. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

825. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1652P, full date. SM19; KM-38; CT-708. 12.4 grams. Full

date and mintmark, most of cross and shield despite flat spots (VF details otherwise), deeply rainbow toned with minor corrosion as salvaged, probably from the Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western Australia. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January, 2003 (lot #1812). Estimate: $250$375.

168

826. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (16)53P. S-M19; KM-38; CT-709. 12.9 grams. Very bold oMP, partial date, good full cross and most of shield, XF with flat peripheries. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Richard Long auction of July 7, 1997 (lot #441). Estimate: $250-$375.

827. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1654/3P, rare overdate. S-M19. 13.1 grams. Bold full oMP and full date with clear 4/ 3 (first we have seen), squarish flan with hole at edge, good full cross and most of shield, lightly toned Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

828. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1654P. S-M19; KM-38; CT-710. 13.7 grams. Choice full cross, bold full 165 of date, full but doubled oMP, most of shield, richly rainbow-toned VF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #480), with lot-tag. Estimate: $350-$500.

829. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1656P, bold date. S-M19; KM-38; CT-712. 12.2. grams. Very bold full date and oM, most of cross and shield, AXF details with surface corrosion as salvaged, possibly from the “Jupiter wreck� (San Miguel el Arcangel), sunk in 1659 off the east coast of Florida, or the Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

830. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1659P, very rare. S-M19; KM-38. 13.8 grams. Clear bottom half of date (one of only 2 known to us), full oMP, nearly full cross (bold) and part of shield, AVF with peripheral flatness. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April 25-26, 2003 (lot #472), with lot-tag. Estimate: $300-$450.

831. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1662P, very rare. S-M19; KM-38. 12.7 grams. Clear date (first we have seen), full oMP, nearly full cross, about half of shield, richly rainbow-toned Fine with peripheral flatness. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

832. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. S-M19; KM-38.

Bold full oMP, good full cross and shield, Fine with good contrast. Estimate: $40-$60.

13.3 g rams.

833. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1729R. S-M24CT-1024. 13.3 grams. Bold full oMR, clear bottom half of date, most of shield and cross, small edge-split, thick and solid (VF details) but probably salvaged, most likely from the Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 southeast of England. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

169

834. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (17)30G. S-M25; KM-40a; CT-1027. 12.0 grams. Rectangular flan with full oMG and 30 of date, good cross, half of shield, a bit worn (About Fine) but no problems. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200$300.

835. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1730F. S-M26CT-1025. 12.1 grams. Full date and oMF, nearly full cross, partially corroded shield as salvaged, either from the Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands, or the Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 southeast of England. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of June 1, 1996 (lot #1409). Estimate: $200-$300.

836. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (1)731/0F, rare overdate in this denomination. S-M26CT-1028. 13.5 grams. Choice specimen with bold full oMF and date (the clear overdate common in 8R but rare in 4R, this being the first we have seen), good full cross and partial shield, attractively rose-toned AVF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $275-$400.

837. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer O (oMO to left). S-M11; KM-31; CT-501. 6.6 grams. Typically broad and round, with choice full cross and shield, full PHILIPPVS, most of crown, deeply toned AXF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

838. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer F. S-M12; KM-31; CT-499. 6.6 grams. Round flan with full cross and shield and crown, full oMF, Fine details but dark and lightly corroded as from salvage, probably from the “Rill Cove wreck” of ca. 1618 off southwest England. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

839. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip II or III, assayer F, variety with 8-F to left, 3 small castles in each quadrant (and other odd features), rare. 6.0 grams. Very strange coin (possibly a contemporary counterfeit) with what appears to be a small 8 punched over a large 8 above the assayer to the left of full shield with atypical design elements, full cross with the castles appearing as one above two in each quadrant, toned, hairline edge-split, AVF details with minor corrosion as salvaged, possibly from the “Rill Cove wreck” of ca. 1618 off southwestern England. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125$200.

840. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip II or III, assayer F, variety with 3 small castles in each quadrant, rare. 5.5 grams. Broad flan with good full shield and cross, the latter showing a curious one-over-two castle arrangement (see previous lot), AVF with hairline edge-splits and contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

841. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer F. S-M12a; KM-32.1; CT-338. 6.8 grams. Broad flan with bold full shield, king’s name PHILIPPVS, full but doubled cross (which is rare for this issue), lightly toned VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

170

842. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer F, large lions. S-M12a; KM-32.1; CT-338. 6.2 grams. Full but crude shield and cross, the latter with big lions that look like mastiff dogs, About Fine with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

843. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, (1)608F, rare date, unique as lacking the “o” above the “M” in the mintmark. SM15. 6.5 grams. Big, round flan with bold mintmark that clearly lacks the “o”, bold date (first we have seen), good full cross and shield, Fine with colorful toning on fields. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of November 9, 2004 (lot #821), with lot-tag. Estimate: $400-$600.

844. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1613F. S-M17; KM-32.2; CT-347. 6.7 grams. Broad flan, full but off-center shield and cross, bold date whose last digit is obviously a 3 but lacks the bottom tail, full oMF, Fine with flat spots and spotty toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

845. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1666G, unique. S-19a. 6.7 grams. Full date (first we have heard of, and in fact the only date we know of between 1657 and 1668), full oMG, good full cross, Fine with flat spots, edge-split. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

846. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1669G, unique. S-M20CT-586. 6.2 grams. Bold full date (only one we know of) and oM, bold full cross, otherwise typically flat, Fine for actual wear, with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Richard Long auction of April 5, 2002 (lot #369). Estimate: $600-$900.

847. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1716J. S-M22; KM-35; CT-1261. 6.8 grams. Very bold oMJ, clear bottom half of date, most of cross, part of shield bold, AVF for actual wear. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

848. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, (17)21(J). S-M22; KM-35. 6.5 grams. Full 21 of date, bold shield and cross despite wear (VG+), nicely contrasting toning, rectangular shape. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

849. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1726D/J, unique over-assayer. S-M23a; KM-35. 5.9 grams. Rectangular flan with full date and oMD/J, the over-assayer very clear and frankly inexplicable unless the date is 1726/4 (which it could be) and therefore evidence of re-used Philip V dies after the brief Louis I issue in 1725, the cross nearly full, worn (VG) and with scratches near a hole at the edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

171

850. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1729R. S-M24; KM-35a; CT-1263. 6.9 grams. Perfectly full and bold date, full mintmark, good cross, AVF or so with typical flatness. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

851. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1730G/R, rare. S-M25. 6.4 grams. Full date and oMG/R (first example we have seen), full cross, thick flan with sharp points, hence probably higher grade but looks like AVF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

852. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1730F. S-M26CT-1266. 6.8 grams. Full oMF and clear date, good full cross, small thick flan, Fine with a few marks. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

853. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1731F. S-M26; KM-35a; CT-1269. 6.8 grams. Choice full date and oMF, most of cross and shield, Fine with nice contrast from sediment on fields. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

854. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, 1732F. S-M26; KM-35a; CT-1270. 6.6 grams. Full date and oMF, nearly full cross, thick and roundish flan, VG with light toning all over. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

855. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer O (oM to left, O to right). S-M11; KM-26; CT-643. 3.4 grams. Typically broad, round, thin planchet with choice inner details and nearly full legends (like king’s name PHILIPPVS) and crown, nicely toned XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

856. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer O (oM to left, O to right). S-M11; KM-26; CT-643. 3.4 grams. Broad flan but not as round as most, with choice full cross and shield, some legend, richly toned AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

857. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer O (oM to left, O to right). S-M11; KM-26; CT-643. 3.4 grams. Bold full king’s name PHILIPPVS, good full cross and shield, smallish flan, attractively toned VF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

858. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer O (oM to left, O to right). S-M11; KM-26; CT-643. 3.3 grams. Broad and round and thin as usual, good full cross and shield, nearly full crown, XF with several flat spots. Estimate: $50-$75.

859. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer O (O to left, oM to right). S-M11; KM-26; CT-644. 3.4 grams. Nice full cross, full but off-center shield, king’s ordinal in legend, VF+ with edge-split. Estimate: $100-$150.

172

860. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer O (O to left, oM to right). S-M11; KM-26; CT-644. 3.4 grams. Bold assayer, full cross, prominent legends, full but doubled cross, toned VF with flat areas and hairline edge-split. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

861. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer O (O to left, oMO to right). S-M11. 3.1 grams. Scarce arrangement with repeated assayer-mark (both bold, as is the mintmark, good full cross and shield, nearly full crown, erroneous GRATA (lacking the I) in the legend, AVF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

862. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip III, assayer F, quadrants of cross transposed, rare. S-M12a. 3.2 grams. Nice full cross with quadrants transposed (rare for this mint), good full shield, nearly full crown, full oMF, AVF with old scratches and hairline edge-splits. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

863. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip III, assayer F. S-M12a. 3.3 grams. Choice specimen with gorgeous full cross and shield, bold oMF, wonderful rich toning, AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

864. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1607F. S-M15; KM-27.2; CT-447. 3.1 grams. Bold bottom half of date, good full shield and cross, bold oM, AVF with flat spots, contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

865. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1608F. S-M15; KM-27.2; CT-449. 3.2 grams. Broad, irregular-shaped flan with choice full shield, full cross, bold oMF, full date (tiny 8), silvery VF+. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

866. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1610/09F. S-M17; KM-27.2; CT-452. 3.0 grams. Very full and bold date with clear 10/09, bold oMF, full shield and cross, salvaged VF with dark spots, possibly from the “Rill Cove wreck� of ca. 1618 off southeast England. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of September 9, 2005 (lot #390), with lot-tag. Estimate: $350-$500.

867. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1611/0F. S-M17; KM-27.2. 3.2 grams. Very bold full date and overdate, full oMF, good full cross, full but worn shield, overall Fine+ with nice rich toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

868. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1612F. S-M17; KM-27.2; CT-455. 3.2 grams. Bold date, nice full shield and cross, full oMF, lightly toned AVF with tiny hole at very edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

869. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1(6)13F. S-M17; KM-27.2; CT-456. 3.3 grams. Bold 13 of date, full oMF, good full shield and cross for the grade, silvery Fine with slightly crude edge (as made).Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

173

876. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, (17)21(J). S-M22; KM870. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1627D. S-M18a; KM-28.

3.2 grams. Bold oMD, clear 27 of

date, good full shield and cross, silvery Fine+ with incipient toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

871. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1633D, very rare. SM18a. 2.8 grams. Bold but typically crude date (first example we have ever seen), full shield and cross, rainbow-toned VG with 3 small holes at edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

30; CT-1578. 3.1 grams. Clear date, most of cross (well centered), VG with flatness. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

877. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1722J. S-M22; KM-30; CT-1579. 3.6 grams. Completely full date, full oMJ and cross, crude shield, About Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

878. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, (17)23(J). S-M22; KM30; CT-1580. 3.3 grams. Neat

872. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1660(P), very rare. SM19. 2.4 grams. Full

and clear date (first we have seen), decent full cross, but worn (VG), off-center, and shaved around the edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

triangular flan, bold 3 of date, full cross and nearly full crown, VF for period. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

879. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1729R. S-M24; KM-30; CT-1582. 3.2 grams. Full date and oMR (off-center obverse) with asterisk-shaped chopmark as from circulation in the Orient, crudely toned About Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

880. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1730G. S-M25; KM-30; 873. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1670G, rare. S-M20.

1.5 grams. Full

and bold date and oM, most of cross, heavily corroded as from salvage, probably from the Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa, lightly toned for better contrast. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

874. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, (1)716(J). S-M22; KM30; CT-1573. 3.2 grams. Very bold date, full oM, most of cross, typically flat peripheries, AVF with nice surfaces. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

875. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, (17)18J. S-M22; KM-30; CT1575. 3.5 grams. Crude but full 18 of date, nearly full oMJ and shield and cross, perfectly pentagonal shape, Fine+. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

CT-1586. 2.9 grams. Very crude and slightly bent flan but with choice full date and oMG, nice cross, lightly toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

881. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1731F. S-M26; KM-30; CT-1587. 3.4 grams. Triangular shape, with very bold full date and oMF, decent cross, Fine+ with dark orange sediment in crevices. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

882. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1732F. S-M26; KM-30; CT-1589. 3.4 grams. Full and bold date and oMF, good full cross, Fine with dark orange toning in crevices. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

174

887. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, assayer F (oM to left, large F to right). S-M12a; KM-21; CT-545. 1.5 grams. Richly toned AVF with nice full cross and monogram above x-fleur-x, king’s ordinal III in legend, broad flan. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

888. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1608, assayer not visible, very rare. S-M15; KM-unlisted (cf. 21); CT-547. 1.2 grams. Round (possibly lightly shaved) and with crude hole near edge, full date (first example we have seen) and crown, oM and monogram and cross, richly toned AVF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

883. Lot of 41 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1R, various periods. 115.2 grams total. Average grade VG-F, some nice crosses and shields, a few with mintmark and/or assayer visible, mostly non-salvage but a few with corrosion, only one holed, great wholesale lot for jewelers. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

884. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer O (oM to left, O to right). S-M11; KM-20; CT-717. 1.6 grams. Choice bold strike, excellent full monogram and cross, some legend and crown, AXF with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

885. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer O (O to left, oM to right). S-M11; KM-20; CT-718. 1.4 grams. Bold full monogram and cross, nearly full legends, toned but slightly crude VF with edge-split. Estimate: $100-$150.

889. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, assayer D, with 6-point-star ornaments. S-M18; KM-21. 1.9 grams. Bold full monogram with OM (large O) to left and D to right, +fleur-+ at bottom with a 6-point star below the fleur and above the S in the monogram (first we have seen of this variety), full cross, richly toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

890. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, (1)654P. S-M19; KM22; CT-1149. 1.7 grams. Bold full date and oMP, dot above P in monogram, full cross and crown, Fine+ with contrasting toning, tiny cr ude hole at edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

891. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1656/5(P), rare 886. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, assayer F (oM to left, F to right). S-M12a; KM-21; CT-545. 1.6 grams. Very bold full monogram and cross, the former with curious x-fleurx below, silvery XF with light toning at edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

overdate. S-M19. 1.6 grams. Full date (crude overdate), most of cross and monogram and crown but all off-center, faintly redtoned Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $175$250.

892. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1657(P). S-M19; KMunlisted (cf. 22); CT-1151. 1.4 grams. Unusually large flan with full date and oMP, full (huge) crown, full monogram and full but crude cross, VG with patchy toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

175

893. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, (16)67(G),

894. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1668G, rare. S-M20;

posthumous Philip IV, very rare. S-M19a; KM-unlisted (cf. 22); CT-unlisted. 1.6 grams. Bold full 7 of date (first specimen we have seen), clear partial monogram and most of crown, full cross, large gumdrop-shape, AVF with flat spots, edge-split. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of September 20, 2003 (lot #456), with lot-tag. Estimate: $300-$450.

KM-23; CT-807. 1.5 grams. Full

and clear date and oMG, most of cross, partially toned Fine with flat areas. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of November 9, 2004 (lot #814), with lot-tag. Estimate: $300-$450.

895. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, (16)92(L), rare. SM21; KM-23; CT-unlisted. 1.8 grams. Bold 2 and clear 9 of

date, nearly full crown, off-center cross, AVF for era. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

896. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real Royal, 1716J, rare. SM22; KM-unlisted (cf. R24); CT-unlisted. 1.7 grams. Fully detailed AVF with some contrasting toning, 2 tiny holes at edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

897. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real Royal, 1717J. S-M22; KM-unlisted (cf. R24); CT-1807. 1.6 grams. Lightly rainbow-toned VF+ with crude hole in center of crown. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Richard Long auction of December 20, 1999 (lot #255). Estimate: $400-$600.

898. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1718/7(J), rare overdate. S-M22; KM-unlisted (cf. 24); CT-unlisted. 1.7 grams. Sailshaped flan with very full and bold date (the overdate a bit weak but certain), full cross and oM, most of crown, AVF with faint toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250$275.

899. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, (17)19(J). S-M22; KM-24; CT-1832. 1.8 grams. Full and bold date above full crown, good full cross, softly struck Fine with some light toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April 30-May 1, 2004 (lot #622), with lot-tag. Estimate: $175-$250.

900. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1720(J). S-M22; KM24; CT-1833. 1.3 grams. Full and bold date and oM, most of cross and crown, part of edge crude (possibly broken long ago). Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

176

901. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1721(J). S-M22; KM24; CT-1834. 1.7 grams. Full

and bold date, full crown and cross, Fine with gunmetal toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Richard Long auction of April 5, 2002 (lot #373). Estimate: $150-$225.

902. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1722J. S-M22; KM24; CT-1835. 1.7 grams. Bold full 22 of date, full oMJ, good full cross, lightly toned Fine. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April 30-May 1, 2004 (lot #624), with lot-tag. Estimate: $150-$225.

907. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real Royal, 1726D. SM23a; KM-R24; CT-unlisted. 1.7 grams. Nice strike, beautifully toned

VF+ with tiny hole at very edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

903. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1723J. S-M22; KM24; CT-1836. 2.0 grams. Full

date, bold full oMJ, nice full cross, attractively toned VF for the period. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of February 14, 1998 (lot #270), with lot-tag. Estimate: $200-$300.

904. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, (1)724(J), Philip V, very rare. S-M22; KM-24; CT-1837. 1.4 grams. Bold full date (first we have seen), full crown and cross, slightly crude strike, silvery Fine with incipient toning and small hole at edge, clear P of monogram. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $175$250.

908. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real Royal, 1727D. SM23a; KM-R24; CT-1813. 1.7 grams. Nice

VF+ with attractively contrasting toning, small hole near edge. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

909. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1729(R). S-M24; KM24a; CT-1841. 1.5 grams. Clear

905. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-24. 1.6 grams. Choice full monogram above fleurde-lis and king’s ordinal V in legend, full but crude cross and tressure, VF for era with spotty toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

906. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1724(D), Philip V, rare. S-M23; KM-25; CT-57. 1.4 grams. Full crown with faint but certain date above it, off-center cross, crude Fine with surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

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9 of date, crude monogram and crown, decent cross, high grade (AXF) but about 40% flat, on a roundish flan. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50$75.

910. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1732(F). S-M26; KM24a; CT-1847. 1.4 grams. Bold full date and crown and mintmark, choice full cross, nice VF. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

911. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1733F, rare. S-M26; KM24a; CT-1848. 1.6 g rams. Choice specimen with bold date and oMF, nearly full cross, richly toned XF for era, quite attractive. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

177

912. Lot of 109 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 reales, various periods. 154.8 grams total. Decent specimens with mostly full crosses and monograms, only a few salvaged and a few with holes, a few with mintmarks and/or assayers, average grade Fine, great wholesale lot for jewelry. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

SILVER COBS OF LIMA, PERU Early pillars type

913. Lima, Peru, 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Rinc贸n, motto as PL-VSV-LT, rare. S-L1; KM-8; CT-479. 6.3 grams. Broad flan with nearly full legends (bold PHILIPVS II), very bold full pillars-and-waves, full but doubled shield with bold R to left, Fine with contrasting toning. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

914. Lima, Peru, 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Rinc贸n, motto as PL-VSVL-R, rare. SL1; KM-unlisted; CT-unlisted. 6.4 grams. Full and well-detailed shield and pillars-and-waves, off-

center strike, AXF details but could be salvaged (no pitting, however), with dark spots in places. Estimate: $350-$500.

178

915. Lima, Peru, 1 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto as PL-VSV-LT with dot below. S-L1; KM-6; CT-630 (variant). 2.8 grams. Perfectly round and well centered, with some bold legend and nearly full crown, nice full shield and pillars, darkly toned fields, salvaged Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $225-$350.

916. Lima, Peru, 1 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, motto as PL-VS-VL. S-L1; KM-6; CT-unlisted. 3.2 grams. Choice and wellstruck shield side with AU details and full king’s name, badly doubled pillars side (still with good legend), lightly toned on fields. Estimate: $150-$225.

917. Lima, Peru, 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón. S-L1; KM-3; CT-702. 1.5 grams. Very broad flan with mostly bold legends (several flat spots), full and well-struck monogram and pillars, VF with dark-orange sediment on fields. Estimate: $200-$300.

918. Lima, Peru, 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón. S-L1; KM-3; CT-702. 1.6 grams. Very broad flan (extends beyond the legends), nice full monogram, the pillars full but slightly doubled and weakly struck, contrastingly toned AVF. Estimate: $200-$300.

919. Lima, Peru, 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón. S-L1; KM-3; CT-702. 1.4 grams. Good pillars with bold R, king’s ordinal II in legend, but otherwise crude as double-struck and holed near edge, nicely toned AVF. Estimate: $125-$200.

920. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, very rare. S-L1; KM-1; CT-761. 0.8 gram. Choice full flan with nearly full legends, excellent crowned R and full king’s name and ordinal, the full pillars slightly off-center, XF details, attractively toned, with flan crack near edge (which is typical, as most examples are broken here). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

921. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón, very rare. S-L1; KM-1; CT-761. 0.8 gram. Full and bold legends but centers softly struck, VF with contrasting toning, broad flan that extends beyond the legends. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Shield-type

922. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-8 to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-14; CT-146. 26.9 grams. Nice full cross and shield, nearly full king’s name, AVF with attractive toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

179

923. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-8 to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-14; CT-146. 27.0 grams. Impressively broad-flan AU with luster, all details full but slightly doubled. Estimate: $350-$500.

924. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-iiii to left, P-oD/X to right, very rare in this denomination. S-L4; KM-11; CT-unlisted. 13.8 grams. Very choice and full and bold cross and shield, bold P-oD with clear overassayer, XF with flat peripheries. Estimate: $500-$750.

925. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-4 to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-11; CT-318. 13.5 grams. Absolutely gorgeous strike, with 100% full crown and legends and inner details, AXF with lovely contrasting toning all over, broad flan, quite a beauty. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

926. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-4 to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-11; CT-318. 13.4 grams. Bold full crown and king’s name, full but partially flat shield and cross, technically high grade (XF) where struck up, light tan toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

927. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-4 to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-11; CT-318. 13.6 grams. Lustrous AU on a broad, slightly oval flan, with choice full crown and shield and cross, some flat spots and dark spots, hairline edge-split. Estimate: $200-$300.

180

928. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-ii to left, P-oD/X to right, rare. S-L4; KM-9; CTunlisted. 6.6 grams. Choice

strike (full shield and crown and cross), with very clear over-assayer, some bold legend, curiously large lions (4R size), XF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $500-$750.

929. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-ii to left, (P)-oD/X to right, rare. S-L4; KM-9; CTunlisted. 5.8 grams. Nice full shield, clear over-assayer, full but partially weak cross, salvaged VF+ with nice contrast, interesting series of x’s below crown. Estimate: $150-$225.

930. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-ii to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-487. 6.9 grams. Lustrous UNC, and nicely struck, with all inner details (shield and cross) and crown full and well-detailed, lightly rainbowtoned, one of the finest examples of an already-choice type. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

931. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-ii to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-487. 6.7 grams. Well-centered

on a round flan, with full shield and cross (very slightly doubled) and much legend, AXF with flat spots, dark toning over most of the surfaces. Estimate: $110-$175.

932. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-ii to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-489. 6.6 grams. Full shield and cross and crown, richly toned fields, VF+ with some weak spots. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

933. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-ii to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-489. 6.8 grams. Good full shield and cross, some bold legend, AVF with dark-orange sediment on fields. Estimate: $125-$200.

934. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-ii to left, oD-* to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-490. 6.7 grams. Crisply

detailed XF with much full legend and crown, great shield and cross as usual, contrasting dark sediment on fields. Estimate: $150-$225.

935. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-ii to left, oD-* to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-490. 6.6 grams. Broad flan with bold legends, full inner details, VF+ with attractively contrasting toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

936. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-•D to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.2 grams. Broad and thin flan with bold legends and full inner details, Fine+ with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

181

937. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-•D to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.4 grams. Choice full shield and crown and bold legends on that side, softer reverse with full cross, XF or better, with light brown toning all over. Estimate: $90-$135.

938. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-•D to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.1 grams. Good full shield and cross, most of crown and legend, lightly blue-toned VF with small part of edge lightly shaved. Estimate: $60$90.

939. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.2 grams. Choice full shield and cross-and-tressure, some bold legend, salvaged AXF. Estimate: $90-$135.

940. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4;

KM-7; CT-634. 3.3

grams. Lustrous XF with nice full shield and cross-and-tressure (some soft spots), much legend, no toning.

Estimate: $90-$135.

941. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.1 grams. Full shield and cross, nearly full crown, bold king’s name PHILIPPVS, toned Fine. Estimate: $60-$90.

942. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4; KM-5; CT-705. 1.7 grams. Choice details all over (full crown and monogram and cross), nearly full legends, also very high grade (AU), with light contrasting toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

943. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4; KM-5; CT-705. 1.7 grams. Choice full cross and monogram, nearly full crown, some bold legend, richly toned XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $110$175.

944. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4; KM-5; CT-705. 1.7 grams. Broad flan with choice full cross, full monogram and crown with bold oD, much bold legend, AXF with dark toning on fields. Estimate: $75-$110.

945. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4; KM-5; CT-705. 1.6 grams. Bold oD, nice full crown, full king’s name in legend, full but partially flat monogram and cross, VF+ with light sediment on fields. Estimate: $70-$100.

946. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4; KM-5; CT-705. 1.5 grams. Broad flan with some bold legend (full king’s name) and full crown, nice full monogram and cross, the latter emboldened by black sediment on fields, AXF. Estimate: $70-$100.

947. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4; KM-5; CT-705. 1.6 grams. Nice full cross and crown, full but doubled monogram, XF with light sediment on fields. Estimate: $70-$100.

182

948. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, * to right. S-L4; KM-5; CT-705. 1.6 grams. Choice full monogram side with full crown and bold monogram, nice but doubled full cross, much bold legend, XF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $70-$100.

949. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, •D to left, P to right, * above monogram. S-L4; KM-5; CT-unlisted. 1.6 grams. Softly struck AXF with nearly full legends and crown, interesting variety (star below crown), very minor surface corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.

952. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, * to right of castle. S-L4; KM-2; CT-767. 0.6 gram. Some bold legends and full crown, nice full castle and lion, toned AXF with minor surface corrosion and patina. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

953. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, * to right of castle. S-L4; KM-2; CT-767. 0.7 gram. Broad flan with much legend, nice full lion, full castle and crown, AXF with minor surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

950. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, •D to right, * below monogram. S-L4; KM-5; CT-707. 1.4 grams. Bold details, full monogram and crown, full but softly struck and off-center cross, VF+ with light surface corrosion. Estimate: $75-$110.

954. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, * to right of castle. S-L4; KM-2; CT-767. 0.5 gram. Choice full castle and lion, lovely toning, XF grade, minor corrosion around edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

951. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, * to right of castle. S-L4; KM-2; CT-767. 0.9 gram. Nice full castle and lion, some legend, VF with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

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955. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P to left, * to right of castle. S-L4; KM-2; CT-767. 0.8 gram. Full king’s name in legend, full but softly struck castle, off-center lion, VF with dark-orange sediment on fields. Estimate: $150-$225.

956. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, * to right of castle, P to left of lion, rare variety. SL4; KM-unlisted; CT-unlisted. 0.6 gram. Richly toned AXF with nice full lion, off-center full castle and crown, small part of edge very lightly clipped long ago. Estimate: $150-$225.

957. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-P flanking castle, P-* flanking lion. S-L4; KM-2; CT-unlisted. 0.8 gram. Broad flan with choice full details, 2 crowns, lots of legend, uncorroded surfaces, XF with contrasting toning, crudely holed near edge. Estimate: $150-$225.

“Star of Lima” type 958. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, “Star of Lima” type, 165(9)V, rare. S-L5; KM-16; CT841. 6.6 grams. Choice specimen with full cross, bold full L*M and date (last digit omitted) between pillars flanked by assayer V and denomination 2, richly toned all over, VF grade, especially rare as non-salvage. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $1,250$2,000.

959. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, “Star of Lima” type, 1(6)59V, scarce. S-L5; KM-15; CT-989. 3.3 grams. Bold centers but flat peripheries, with 6 omitted in date above waves, bold denomination I, AVF for actually struck areas, scarce as nonsalvage. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

184

Pillars-and-waves type

960. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1698H. S-L13; KM-24; CT-243. 961. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1700H. S-L15; KM-24; CT-246.

27.0 grams. Good

full pillars and cross (well centered), 2 dates and assayers, AVF with flat spots, some toning, edgecrack. Estimate: $200-$300.

27.0 grams. Thick and solid flan with full and well-centered pillars, full but slightly doubled cross, 2 bold dates, nicely toned AVF. Estimate: $350-$500.

962. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1701H. S-L15; KM-24; CT-247. 963. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1727M. S-L20b; KM-34a; 26.4 grams. Bold full cross, nearly full pillars, VF with peripheral

flat spots and many small nicks and scratches. Estimate: $200$300.

CT-

647. 26.4 grams. Broad flan with nice full pillars, nearly full cross,

AVF with peripheral flatness, contrasting toning, 2 edgesplits. Estimate: $400-$600.

964. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1686R. S-L7; KM-21; CT-560. 6.6 grams. Broad, squarish flan with full cross and pillars, some flatness but no doubling, attractively lightly toned AVF. Estimate: $200-$300.

965. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1696H. S-L13; KM-21; CT-569. 6.7 grams. Very broad flan, with full cross, full but doubled pillars, bold king’s ordinal II in legend, 2 dates, 2 bold assayers, lustrous AXF with a few flat spots. Estimate: $250-$375.

966. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1699R. S-L14; KM-21; CT-573. 6.3 grams. Choice strike, with full and well-centered pillars and cross, 2 dates, 3 assayers and mintmarks, XF with rich toning all over. Estimate: $200-$300.

967. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1705H. S-L15a; KM-32; CT-1194.

Nice full pillars-and-waves, nearly full cross, AXF. Estimate: $150-$225.

968. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1687R. S-L7; KM-20; CT-674. 2.5 grams. Bold full pillars and cross, 3 dates and mintmarks and assayers, Fine with nicely contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

5.7 grams.

185

969. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1687R. S-L7; KM-20; CT-674. 2.0

976. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real Royal?, 1743V. S-L22; KM-31a; CT-

grams. Full

1520. 2.6 grams. Choice full cross, full pillars, perfectly round but

and bold 4-digit date in legend plus 2 others, 2 assayers, XF with significant flat areas, inexplicably underweight. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90$135.

970. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1689V. S-L8; KM-20; CT-677. 2.7 grams. Full pillars and cross, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks, silvery VF with distractingly spotty toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

edges lightly shaved so may be a regular issue, AVF with nice contrast, holed near edge. Estimate: $150-$500.

977. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1750R, rare. S-L23; KM-42; CT544. 3.0 grams. Typically crude, with oversized cross, clear date, toned VF for era. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

978. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1697, possibly finest 971. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1694M. S-L11; KM-20; CT-685. 3.1 known. S-L13; KM-22; CT-798. 1.2 grams. Absolutely gorgeous full grams. Choice full cross, slightly off-center full pillars, 3 dates, 2

mintmarks and assayers, VF+, tiny pinprick near edge on cross side. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

972. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1696H. S-L13; KM-20; CT-687. 3.3 grams. Three dates (2 bold), good full cross, nicely toned XF with corroded areas near edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

inner detail on both sides, with lovely toning, VF+ grade. Estimate: $200-$300.

979. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1717. S-L20; KM-30; CT-1764. 1.8 grams. Broad flan with bold full cross and monogram, 2 dates, AVF with rich toning all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

980. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1721/20/19, rare and 973. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1698H. S-L13; KM-20; CT-689. 3.2 grams. Good

full cross and pillars, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers, Fine+ with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

974. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1706R. S-L16; KM-31; CT-1480. 3.2 grams. Choice specimen with 3 bold dates, good full cross and pillars, VF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150$225.

975. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1735N. S-L21; KM-31a; CT-1511. 2.3 grams. Well-centered details but well worn (AVG), with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

unlisted overdate. S-L20; KM-unlisted (cf. 30); CT-unlisted. 1.7 grams. Soft strike but clear overdate, most of cross and monogram, Fine with some toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

981. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1725, Louis I, rare. S-L20a; KM-A39; CT-52. 1.3 grams. Typically crude flan but with nearly full monogram, AVF with weak spots, minor surface corrosion as salvaged. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

982. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, (1725), Louis I, rare. S-L20a; KMA39; CT-52. 1.3 grams. Unusually broad flan with full cross and monogram, some legend, slightly crude edge, richly toned Fine.

Estimate: $100-$150.

186

983. Lot of 12 Lima, Peru, cob 1/2R, various periods, some with visible dates. 14.5 grams total. Mostly salvaged VF but some worn (VG) or weakly struck, nice little study lot from a daterange of about 60 years. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

SILVER COBS OF POTOSI, BOLIVIA Shield-type 984. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer C, very rare. S-P5; KM-5.1; CT-160. 27.0 grams. Typically huge, round flan, with choice full shield and full but doubled cross, bold Perasure-C (which Sellschopp originally attributed to La Plata), some flatness and minor surface corrosion in the legends, lustrous and high grade (XF), with colorful toning in crevices, much better than the specimen in our 6th auction that sold for over $4000, which was the first one we had offered in a long time. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

985. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-5.1; CT-158. 27.3 grams. Round, thick flan with full but very slightly doubled shield and cross, clear P-B (small B), VF with old hairline scratch to right of crown. Estimate: $150-$225.

986. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer A. SP11; KM-5.1; CT-157. 27.6 grams. Excellent full shield and cross, clear

P-A, most of king’s name and crown, very attractively toned VF, not so round as most (as made). Estimate: $350-$500.

187

987. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer A. SP11; KM-5.1; CT-157. 26.6 grams. Perfectly round, with nice full shield

and bold P-A, much legend, the cross full too but plagued by patches of overly dark toning, VF. Estimate: $150-$225.

990. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), borders of boxes. S-P14; KM-5.6; CT-158. 26.9 grams. Broad flan with much bold legend, full crown, full but partially flat shield and cross, some minor doubling, interesting large “sun” ornament at 12 o’clock, lightly cleaned Fine+. Estimate: $200-$300.

988. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (4th period). S-P12; KM-5.1; CT-158. 26.5 grams. Broad, round flan with nice full shield, doubled full crown, Fine+ with contrasting toning, lots of old scratches. Estimate: $100-$150.

991. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III (ordinal visible), assayer B (5th period), ex-Paul Karon collection, rare. S-P14a; KM-10; CT-121. 26.5 grams. Full king’s ordinal III in legend (rarely seen), good full shield and cross, most of crown, toned VF+ with orange sediment on fields as probably from the ca.-1629 “Panama hoard.” Pedigreed to the Paul Karon collection (Ponterio, April 7-8, 2000, lot #1087). Estimate: $250-$375.

989. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), borders of x’s. S-P14; KM-5.5; CT-158. 25.8 grams. Bold and full shield and cross, most of crown, full P-B, prominent borders of x’s, silvery AVF. Estimate: $125-$200.

992. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer Q,

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ex-Paul Karon collection. S-P17; KM-10; CT-124. 27.2 grams. Broad, round flan with good full shield and cross, the latter slightly doubled, nearly full king’s name PHILIPVS in legend, toned AXF with spot of dark-green encrustation at top of shield. Pedigreed to the Paul Karon collection (unspecified auction). Estimate: $200-$300.

188

993. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1618T, quadrants of cross transposed, scarce as non-salvage. S-P21; KM-10; CT-132. 27.0 grams. Choice full shield and cross (very slightly doubled), bold T and fairly clear bottom half of date, beautifully toned VF+. Estimate: $300-$450.

994. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)619T, scarce as nonsalvage. S-P21; KM-10; CT-133. 26.9 grams. Bold date, full shield and cross, nearly full crown, crude edge (as made), Fine with weak spots and orange sediment in crevices. Estimate: $400$600.

996. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)22(T), quadrants of cross transposed, scarce as non-salvage. S-P21a; KM-19; CT456. 26.4 grams. Nice full and bold shield and cross, bold denomination o-VIII, clear bottom half of 22 of date, VF with one weak spot. Estimate: $250-$275.

997. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)ZIII (1623), assayer P, quadrants of cross transposed, very rare. S-P22; KM-19; CT-unlisted. 26.2 grams. Small, thick flan with nice full shield, bold P•P, full but off-center cross with bold date (the second and third I’s at the end rather haphazardly concatenated), silvery VF+. Estimate: $350-$500.

995. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1621(T), quadrants of cross transposed, scarce as non-salvage. S-P21; KM-10. 27.1 grams. Good full shield, bold and full but off-center cross, bold 2 and certain final 1 of date, Fine+ with good toning, crude edge as made. Estimate: $200-$300.

998. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)29T, date at 2 o’clock. S-P26; KM-19a; CT-470 (variant). 27.3 grams. Beautiful specimen with bold full shield and cross (both slightly doubled), much legend, very richly toned XF, very bold date. Estimate: $350-$500.

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999. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (ca. 1629). KM-19a. 27.0 grams. Small, thick flan with good full shield, bold denomination •8•, full cross that is sprinkled with small to medium chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient, bold VF with sediment in crevices. Estimate: $125$200.

1002. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, with 2 countermarks (rare) on cross side: crown alone and crowned-(?). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 27.0 grams. Broad flan with good full shield and cross, the former with two nearly full countermarks (the crown-alone mark bold but the other too lightly struck to decipher), full date, much legend, some minor doubling, AVF with no corrosion but clearly from the Capitana, sunk in 1654 off Ecuador. Estimate: $350-$500.

1000. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1630-1)T, cross-crosslet ornaments. S-P26; KM-19a. 25.5 grams. Very odd planchet (as made) with crack and void near edge, great full cross and shield (slightly doubled) with clear x-shaped ornaments around the mintmark, assayer and denomination, AXF good contrasting toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

1003. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón, P-R to left). S-P1; KM-4.2; CT-325 (under Lima). 12.9 grams. Typically well-detailed full shield and cross, also full crown and bold king’s name in legend, lightly toned AXF with minor surface corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

1001. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (ca. 1645). KM-19a. 26.7 grams. Very broad and perfectly round flan with bold full shield and cross, peripheral flatness with hole near edge, nicely toned Fine+. Estimate: $100-$150.

1004. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (1st period, “Lima style”). S-P4; KM-4.2; CT-314 (under Lima). 13.7 grams. Scarce sub-type with “flat” lions (see Sellschopp #153), typically broad flan with crisply detailed full shield, full but doubled cross, AVF with uneven, dark-brown toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

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1008. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (2nd 1005. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer L (P- period, ISPANIARVM). S-P6; KM-4.2; CT-314 (under Lima). 13.1 L to left). S-P3; KM-4.2; CT-321 (under Lima). 13.5 grams. Typically round flan with bold legends, nice full shield and cross but both with crude lacuna (as made), bold mintmark P (tiny) and assayer L, full crown, XF with lovely toning. Estimate: $200$300.

grams. Bold

full cross, nicely detailed shield, full but partially flat crown, some bold legend, AXF with weak areas. Estimate: $150-$225.

1009. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (2nd 1006. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer L (P- period, HISPANIARVM). S-P6; KM-4.2; CT-315 (under Lima). 13.4 L to left). S-P3; KM-4.2; CT-321 (under Lima). 13.7 grams. Perfectly round but smaller than usual, with great full shield and cross and crown, AXF. Estimate: $200-$300.

grams. Round

flan (but decidedly not “Great Module”), with choice full shield and crown and cross-and-tressure, king’s name in legend, weak P-B, lightly toned VF. Estimate: $150-$225.

1007. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (2nd 1010. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (2nd period, “Great Module,” HISPANIARVM). S-P6; KM-4.2; CT315 (under Lima). 13.5 grams. Very broad, round flan as usual, with bold full PHILIPPVS, great full shield and cross, nearly full crown, bold P-B, interesting hand-crafted H’s in legend (two I’s with wide horizontal bar), beautiful VF with rich rainbow toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $275-$425.

period, HISPANIARVM). S-P6; KM-4.2; CT-315 (under Lima). 13.5 grams. Choice full shield and crown and cross, bold P-B, VF with contrasting toning, plugged hole outside left arm of cross, round flan but not overly broad (like the “Great Module” specimens). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100$150.

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1011. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd

1015. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer RL. S-

period). S-P10; KM-4.2; CT-344. 13.4 grams. Round flan with bold P-B, full and well-detailed shield and cross, the latter with original castles but new-style lions, AXF with very light surface corrosion and dark encrustation in crevices. Estimate: $150$225.

P13; KM-4.2; CT-347. 13.2 grams. Good

full crown, full but crude cross and shield, darkly brown-toned Fine with spots of orange and green. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125$200.

1016. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th 1012. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-4.2; CT-344. 13.4 grams. Broad, round flan with nice full shield and crown and cross (original castles, new-style lions), bold P-B, VF+ with toning around details. Estimate: $150-$225.

period), borders of x’s. S-P14; KM-4.3; CT-241 (under Philip III).

13.3 grams. Bold P-B, bold full shield and cross (the latter slightly doubled), VF with a hint of luster and toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1017. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th 1013. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-4.2; CT-344. 13.4 grams. Big, round flan with nice full shield and cross (interesting new style of castle, one of which is bold, and smaller “walking” lions), nearly full crown, AVF with weak areas. Estimate: $150-$225.

period), borders of x’s. S-P14; KM-4.3; CT-241 (under Philip III).

13.7 grams. Broad flan with bold P-B, full but doubled shield and cross, Fine+ with nicely contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1014. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-4.2; CT-342. 13.3 grams. Bold full shield and cross, most of crown, clear P-B (small B), small “walking” lions and castles with 3 unaligned windows, VF+ with faint toning, fresh hairline scratch on crown. Estimate: $150-$225.

192

1018. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), encapsulated NCS genuine. S-P14; KM-4.3; CT-241 (under Philip III). Full but doubled shield and cross and P-B and denomination and crown, Fine+ with spotty toning. Estimate: $80-$120.

1022. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer L (HISPANIARVM) S-P3; KM-3.2; CT-492 (under Lima). 6.4 grams. Round as usual, with bold P-L, choice full cross, full and well-detailed shield, nearly full crown, XF with very light surface corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.

1019. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, (1617)M. SP19; KM-9; CT-245. 13.6 grams. Very bold full shield and cross (the

latter slightly off-center), full denomination and P•M, clear (R)EXAN(O) in legend, VF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $80-$120.

1020. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón, P-R to left). S-P1; KM-3.2; CT-485 (under Lima). 6.8 grams. Very broad and round flan with bold legends, full and well-detailed crown and shield, full cross-and-tressure, bold XF with faint toning on fields. Estimate: $125-$200.

1021. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (1st period, “Lima style”). S-P4; KM-3.2; CT-486 (under Lima). 6.9 grams. Choice full shield (very well detailed) and cross (with “flat” lions), flat peripheries, AXF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $90-$135.

1023. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-3.2; CT-509. 6.4 grams. Broad flan with good full shield and cross and crown, much legend, richly toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1024. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-3.2; CT-509. 6.5 grams. Non-toned Fine+ with good full shield and cross, most of crown, fresh hairline scratch on cross. Estimate: $60-$90.

1025. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (4th period). S-P12; KM-3.2; CT-509. 6.9 grams. Very choice specimen with nearly full legends and excellent full shield and cross and crown, broad flan (not round), richly toned AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

193

1026. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (4th period). S-P12; KM-3.2; CT-509. 6.7 grams. Round flan with full and well-detailed shield and cross, some bold legend, VF+ with sediment in crevices, hairline flan crack, spots of dark toning. Estimate: $90-$135.

1027. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer R (straight-leg R), scarce variety. S-P15; KM-8. 6.7 grams. The Philip III issue of this assayer (Ramos) is more commonly seen with a curved-leg R, but the R (full and bold) on this coin is more like the RL of Philip II, yet with very clear king’s ordinal III in the legend, also with nice full cross and shield, well centered on a roundish flan with slightly crude edge (as made), lightly toned Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1028. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved-leg R). S-P15; KM-8; CT-355. 6.6 grams. Full P-R, nearly full shield, full cross, typically crude (some flatness), About Fine with dark toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80$120.

1029. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, rotated lions. KM-8. 6.5 grams. Nice full cross with very prominent castles and lions (rotated 90 clockwise from normal) due to contrast, otherwise darkly toned all over, full shield, Fine+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1030. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1622P, quadrants of cross transposed, very rare. S-P22; KM-14. 6.7 grams. Exceptionally broad flan, with full P+P and shield and cross (all softly struck), full date, About Fine with patchy toning, hairline edgesplit. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1031. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, q*T (backwards-P mintmark), quadrants of cross transposed (early 1620s). S-P22a; KM-14a. 6.6 grams. Bold assayer, full but off-center shield and cross, About Fine with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1032. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer T (late 1620s). S-P24; KM-14a. 6.4 grams. Choice full shield and cross, richly toned VF+, small fractures near edge as made. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1033. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1629T. S-P26; KM-14a; CT-880. 7.2 grams. Crude flan (as made) but with bold full king’s ordinal IIII, clear date, full shield and cross, unevenly struck AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1034. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 16(4?), assayer not visible, quadrants of cross transposed. KM-14a. 6.4 grams. Huge flan with bold parts of legend, including king’s name (with backwards S) and ordinal, 16 of date immediately followed by + ornament and E DI (double-struck remnants of ET INDIARVM), full but partially flat shield and cross, nicely toned VF for era. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

194

1035. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (style of 1649O). S-P35; KM-14b. 6.2 grams. Nice and nearly full shield and cross (both well-centered), with full denomination 2 to right, nicely toned VF with about 25% section of edge flat, dark patina on crown. Estimate: $60-$90.

1036. Lot of 3 Potosí small silver cobs of Philip II-III (one 2R and two 1R). 12.2 grams total. The 2R is Philip II 1st-period B (flat lions) and the 1R are Philip II RL and Philip III curved-leg R, all with nice detail, toned F-VF, the RL coin with hole at edge. Estimate: $75-$110.

1037. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer M, rare. S-P2; KM-2.2; CT-636. 3.1 grams. Typically round and thin and well detailed, with full cross and crown and shield, clear assayer M (rare second assayer of mint), VF with nicely contrasting toning, hairline edge-split. Estimate: $100-$150.

1038. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-2.2; CT-649. 3.3 grams. Lustrous XF+, nice strike with full shield and cross, the latter slightly doubled, also full crown. Estimate: $70-$100.

1039. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-2.2; CT-649. 3.3 grams. Broad flan with nice full shield and cross, bold P-B, full crown, VF with light sediment on fields. Estimate: $70-$100.

1040. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-2.2; CT-649. 3.5 grams. Bold full shield and crown, bold and full but doubled cross, high grade (XF) and somewhat lustrous. Estimate: $70-$100.

1041. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-2.2; CT-649. 3.5 grams. Bold full cross and shield with nicely contrasting toning, full P-B, nice VF. Estimate: $70-$100.

1042. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-2.2; CT-649. 3.0 grams. Choice full shield and crown, nice full cross (just a tiny bit doubled), bold P-B, attractively toned XF with a hint of surface corrosion. Estimate: $60$90.

1043. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-2.2; CT-649. 3.0 grams. Good full shield and cross, most of crown, just a little off-center, AVF with sediment in crevices. Estimate: $50-$75.

1044. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer A. S-P11; KM-2.2; CT-648. 3.3 grams. Choice full shield (crisp details), full cross, richly toned XF. Estimate: $70-$100.

1045. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1651E, scarce. S-P36; KM-12b; CT-1048. 4.1 grams. Bold 165 of date, I-E to right of off-center shield (and most of the king’s name beyond that), off-center cross, toned VF (for the era) with flat areas. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1046. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón (R to left, P to right). S-P1; KM-1.1; CT-727. 1.6 grams. Nice full monogram and cross and crown, bold R and P, nicely toned VF. Estimate: $125-$200.

195

1047. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer

1053. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, P to left,

Rincón (R to left, P to right). S-P1; KM-1.1; CT-727. 1.7 grams. Broad flan with some bold legend, full but partially weak cross and crown and monogram, bold R, AVF with bits of original luster. Estimate: $125-$200.

1048. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón (R to left, P to right). S-P1; KM-1.1; CT-727. 1.6 grams. Broad flan with nice full monogram and bold R-P, good full cross, some bold legend, toned Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

assayer B/L below monogram. S-P4; KM-unlisted; CT-unlisted.

1.7 grams. Very broad flan with bold B/L, full monogram, much legend, full cross (slightly crude), toned VF, scarce. Estimate: $100-$150.

1054. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period), B to left, P below monogram. S-P10; KM-unlisted; CT555 (under Philip III). 1.6 grams. Lustrous VF+, full cross and monogram and crown, slightly crude strike. Estimate: $70$100.

1055. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer not 1049. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón (R to left, P to right). S-P1; KM-1.1; CT-727. 1.6 grams. Nice full monogram and crown and cross, bold R-P, toned AVF with mounting damage on edge at about 9 o’clock. Estimate: $125-$200.

1050. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Rincón (P to left, R to right). S-P1; KM-1.1; CT-727. 1.6 grams. Broad flan with much legend, nice full monogram and cross and crown, bold P-R, toned Fine+ with small hole at very edge. Estimate: $100-$150.

1051. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer M (crude-style M), rare. S-P2; KM-1.2; CT-709. 1.6 grams. Bold legends and assayer M below monogram, P to left, good full crown, toned AVF with weak centers. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1052. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer M (normal M), rare. S-P2; KM-1.2; CT-709. 1.8 grams. Much bold legend, bold full monogram with bold M (normal punch) below and P mintmark to left, good full cross, deeply toned with dark sediment on fields. Estimate: $200-$300.

visible (5th-period B), borders of x’s. S-P14; KM-1.4; CT-555 (under Philip III). 1.6 grams. Scarce type in this denomination, bold P to left of monogram (the B to right not visible), much legend (with backwards S’s), good full cross, richly toned Fine with museum inventory number inked on monogram side. Pedigreed to the Museum of Fine Arts collection (San Francisco), with their number in ink on the coin, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1056. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip IV, type with no date nor assayer nor mintmark. 1.7 g rams. Good full monogram and cross, Fine+ with light sediment on fields. Estimate: $60-$90.

1057. Lot of 12 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2R, Philip II, III and IV (pre-transitional), some with visible assayers. 14.3 grams total. Good study lot, all but one salvaged but with Fine details on most, all with monogram and cross plainly visible. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

196

1058. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer B (B to left of castle, P to right), rare. S-P14; KM-B1; CT-588. 0.6 gram. Crude but with full B-castle-P below full crown, full lion on other side, Fine with

patchy toning and crude hole. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

Pillars-and-waves type

1059. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1661E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT- 1062. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1665E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT450. 26.2 grams. Choice

broad flan with full and well-centered pillars and cross, 3 dates and mintmarks and assayers, AVF with some soft strike. Estimate: $250-$375.

454. 28.0 grams. Three dates and assayers, off-center cross side showing king’s ordinal IIII, full pillars-and-waves, nicely toned AVF. Estimate: $125-$200.

1060. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1661E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT- 1063. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1666E, “666” between

450. 27.0 grams. Full

and bold cross, full but slightly doubled pillars-and-waves, peripheral flatness, 2-1/2 dates and mintmarks and assayers, Fine+. Estimate: $175-$275.

pillars. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-455. 28.0 grams. Popular variant with 3digit date between pillars, the 666 also visible in the legend, bold full pillars, toned VF but crudely struck, with much flatness and doubling. Estimate: $150-$225.

1061. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1664E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT453. 28.7 grams. Nicely toned

VF with full 1664 date in legend in addition to the other two, good full pillars-and-waves, full but doubled cross, 3 mintmarks and assayers. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1064. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1669E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT344. 27.0 grams. Good

full pillars, full but slightly crude cross, 3 mintmarks, silvery Fine+. Estimate: $200-$300.

197

1065. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1672/1E, very rare overdate. S-P37b; KM-unlisted; CT-unlisted. 25.2 grams. Two partial dates, one with clear 2/1 (first example we have ever seen), bold full pillars, full cross with nice castles, AVF with much flatness and some fresh hairline scratches. Estimate: $250$375.

1066. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1672E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT347. 27.1 grams. Nice

full cross, full pillars with good full crown, 2 dates and mintmarks, AVF with some weak areas but with attractively contrasting rich toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

1068. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT350. 26.9 grams. Choice full cross, doubled pillars with bold waves,

full crown, AVF with some weak areas, natural splits in edge. Estimate: $200-$300.

1069. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT350. 27.4 grams. Bold

date below cross, bold denomination and assayer too, but most of the coin flat and some of it doubled, Fine for actual wear. Estimate: $175-$275.

1070. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT354. 27.4 grams. Three

1067. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT350. 26.9 grams. Somewhat

oval flan that is almost the broadest we have ever seen (43.5 mm), with good full cross, full but doubled pillars, 3 dates (bold 75 in legend), AVF with weak areas. Estimate: $250-$375.

bold dates, nice and bold full cross and pillars-and-waves, the former off-center and the latter slightly doubled, AVF with flat spots. Estimate: $250-$375.

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1071. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 167(?)E. S-P37b; KM-26. 27.3 and 27.0 grams each. Good full crosses and/or pillars, the final digit of each date on both coins not fully visible due to flatness and/or doubling, AVF. Estimate: $350-$500.

1072. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1688VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT- 1075. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1715Y, scarce. S-P43a; KM373. 27.4 grams. Choice full cross-lions-castles above bold date, full pillars-and-waves with 1-1/2 dates on that side (slightly doubled), broad urn-shaped flan, toned VF+ with very minor surface corrosion. Estimate: $300-$450.

31; CT-875. 26.7 grams. Typically

crude and chunky but with full and bold date and denomination and mintmark, Fine with flatness but contrasting toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

1076. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1727Y, Louis I, rare. SP43b; KM-35; CT-26. 26.2 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend (the other

1073. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1689VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT374. 27.3 grams. Good full pillars, full but weak cross, 3 dates and

2 dates bold as well), L of king’s name visible, good full cross, full but doubled pillars, Fine with contrasting toning, very desirable type-coin. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

mintmarks and assayers, AVF for actual wear. Estimate: $350$500.

1074. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1690VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT376. 26.9 grams. Choice full pillars (well centered and not doubled), good and full but off-center cross below full crown, richly toned VF, very attractive. Estimate: $350-$500.

199

1080. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1764V-Y-V. S-P57; KM-45; 1077. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1751q. S-P52; KM-40; CT363. 26.7 grams. Very bold and chunky, with full cross and pillars in very high relief, 3 bold mintmarks, 2 bold assayers, wellcentered AVF with contrasting toning on fields, choice specimen for the period. Estimate: $200-$300.

CT-951. 27.3 grams. Full

(small) cross, bold date between pillars, the peripheries flat and with edge-split, VF for actual wear, lightly toned in crevices. From the “Arequipa hoard” of ca.

1767. Estimate: $200-$300.

1081. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1766V-Y-V. S-P57; KM-45; 1078. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1752q. S-P52; KM-40; CT-

CT-953. 26.0 grams. Remarkable specimen with bold full POTOSI

364. 26.8 grams. Full and bold pillars, full cross, deeply toned VF+,

and CAROLVS, 3 dates, crude flan in terms of shape and thickness, full pillars and cross, toned VF. Estimate: $300-$450.

nicely centered, typically chunky with thickly cut edges. With ICG EF-45 tag (from former slab). Estimate: $200-$300.

1082. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1766V-Y. S-P57; KM-45; 1079. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1764V-(Y). S-P57; KM-45; CT-951. 26.0 grams. Very

choice specimen with full and welldetailed cross-lions-castles, full but off-center pillars-and-waves, 2 dates and 2 bold assayers, lightly toned XF+. Estimate: $350$500.

CT-953. 26.3 grams. Good

full cross and pillars-and-waves, bold ANO with backwards N, rounder flan than usual, lightly toned VF. Estimate: $200-$300.

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1083. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1770V-(Y). S-P57; KM-45; CT-959. 26.8 grams. Very crude planchet but with clear date and assayer and mintmark, off-center cross, lightly toned Fine. Estimate: $125-$200.

200

1084. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1771(V-Y), cut down to near the weight of a 4R. S-P59; KM-45; CT-962. 15.5 grams. Very thick and chunky (which is how you know it is the center cut of an 8R, the cuts done long ago), with bold denomination 8, most of cross, toned VF. Estimate: $100-$150.

1085. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1659E. S-P37a; KM-18; CT-751. 12.7 grams. Broad flan with full and well-centered pillars, full but off-center cross, the peripheries all flat, toned Fine. Estimate: $150-$225.

1086. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1670E. S-P37b; KM-25; CT-495. 13.0 grams. Very broad flan, good full cross and well-detailed crown, full but partially flat pillars, peripheral flatness, VF with 2 edge-splits. Estimate: $150-$275.

1087. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1688VR. S-P40; KM-25; CT-516. 13.8 grams. Good full cross with bold date, one full pillar with second date, full crown above, nicely toned AVF. Estimate: $250-$375.

1088. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1763V-Y. S-P57; KM-44; CT-1156. 13.4 grams. Good full cross and pillars, nicely toned AVF, 2 dates, nice for era. Estimate: $125-$200.

1089. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1670E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-597. 5.7 grams. Full but off-center cross, bold pillars-and-waves with bold date, peripherally flat VF, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1090. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1671/0E, scarce overdate. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-unlisted. 6.1 grams. Bold pillars with very clear overdate, choice castles in doubled cross, 3 assayers, deeply toned AVF with peripheral flatness. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1091. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1680V. S-P39; KM-24; CT-609. 5.8 grams. Good cross, full pillars and crown, odd-shaped flan, flat peripheries, AVF with toned fields. Estimate: $125-$200.

1092. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1690VR. S-P40; KM-24; CT-621. 7.4 grams. Bold date, waves and denomination, nearly full cross with bold P, AVF with flat peripheries. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1093. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1695VR. S-P40; KM-24; CT-626. 5.6 grams. Full pillars, full but doubled cross 3 dates, Fine with deep toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

201

1094. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1726Y, Louis I, scarce. S-P43b; KM-34; CT-39. 5.8 grams. Good full pillars, full but off-center cross, 2 dates, king’s ordinal “PR” in legend, richly toned but worn (VG). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1095. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1726Y, Louis I (partially visible), scarce. S-P43b; KM-34; CT-39. 6.9 grams. Bold full cross and pillars-and-waves, nicely centered, 2-1/2 assayers, Fine+ with rainbow toning on fields. Estimate: $125-$200.

1096. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1738M. S-P47; KM-29a; CT-1363. 6.7 grams. Choice bold pillars, messily doubled cross, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks, VF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1097. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1748q. S-P50a; KM-38; CT-505. 6.4 grams. Nice full cross and pillars, good details but just a little worn (Fine+), light toning on fields, crude edge as made. Estimate: $100-$150.

1098. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1751q/E, scarce over-assayer. S-P52; KM-38; CT-unlisted. 6.2 grams. Interesting shape with hole in point, good full cross and bold full pillars, 2 dates, richly toned Fine+. Estimate: $50-$75.

1099. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1759q. S-P54; KM-38; CT-520. 6.4 grams. Bold details, worn (About Fine) but with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $75-$110.

1100. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1760V-(Y). S-P57; KM-43; CT-unlisted. 6.4 grams. Bold date and half of another, crude as usual, full cross, well worn (About Fine), but with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $75-$110.

1101. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1768V-Y. S-P57; KM-43; CT-1368. 6.8 grams. Bold full cross and date on an oblong flan, very lightly toned AVF. Estimate: $125-$200.

1102. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1652E post-transitional. S-P37a; KM-13. 4.4 grams. Particularly bold full waves, full cross, but otherwise flat and very silvery, Fine overall. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1103. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1653E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1053. 4.0 grams. Full but weak cross, clear date, VG with much flatness. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1104. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1656E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1056. 2.9 grams. Good full pillars and cross but well worn (About Fine), lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1105. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1657E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1057. 2.8 grams. Choice full cross and pillars, 2 bold dates, richly toned AVF, holed at edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

202

1106. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1659E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT- 1113. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT1059. 3.1 grams. Full pillars with bold waves, full but weak cross, Fine with minor surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1107. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1659E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT1059. 3.6 grams. Tops of pillars and half of cross nice, the rest flat, Fine overall with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

704. 3.2 grams. Somewhat heart-shaped flan with 2+ dates, including full date in legend, otherwise weakly struck and worn (About Fine), no toning. Pedigr eed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1114. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1671E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT707. 2.3 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend, one castle and one lion finely detailed, bold E and P, but the rest of the coin totally flat, nicely toned AXF for actual wear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1108. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1660E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT1060. 4.1 grams. Two bold dates but otherwise very weakly struck,

silvery Fine with minor surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1109. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1661E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT1061. 2.9 grams. Two bold mintmarks, clear date and part of cross, About Fine with much flatness, toned fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1115. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1671E. S-P37b; KM-23; CTpillars-and-waves with bold date, nearly full cross, king’s ordinal IIII, toned AVF with hole near edge. Estimate: $50-$75.

1116. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT713. 3.5 grams. Heart-shaped flan with full pillars and bold date, full but weak cross, Fine+ with uneven toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

707. 2.6 grams. Nice

1110. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1662E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT1062. 2.3 grams. Heart-shaped

flan with full cross, 2 dates, weak strike, toned About Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1111. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1664E. S-P37a; KM-13; CT1064. 3.2 grams. Full cross and pillars but crudely toned and weakly struck, Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35$50.

1117. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT714. 3.7 grams. Round

flan (as made?), with 100% full and bold 4-digit date in legend, second date above full waves, crude and off-center cross, contrastingly toned Fine with odd old scratches and hole at very edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1112. Lot of 6 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1R, Philip IV, various dates, all assayer E. 20.4 grams. Average grade Fine, all nicely detailed with contrasting toning in crevices, clear dates (1652, 1654, 1655, 1656, 1658 and 1667), but all holed or plugged. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

203

1122. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1

1118. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT714. 3.0 grams. Very bold date and waves, second date below most of cross, Fine+ with uneven toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1119. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1682V. S-P39; KM-23; CT-720.

3.6 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves with bold date, second date below good but incomplete cross, AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

real, 1689VR. S-P40; KM-23; CT-728. 3.2 grams. Three dates and assayers, full but offcenter pillars and cross, weakly struck Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1123. Lot of 2 Potosí cob 1R of Charles II: 1687VR and 1691VR. S-P40; KM-23; CT-726 and 728. 6.3 grams total. Good crosses and clear dates, the 1691 darkly toned, salvaged VF, the 1687 non-salvage AVF. Estimate: $75-$110.

1120. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1687VR. S-P40; KM-23; CT726. 3.2 grams. Full and boldly detailed pillars side, cross side crude,

About Fine with contrasting toning and surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1121. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1688VR. S-P40; KM-23; CT727. 4.1 grams. Bold full waves with 1-1/2 dates, off-center cross and pillars, most of crown with bold denomination, one nice lion, attractively toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1124. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1702Y. S-P43a; KM-28; CT1630. 2.9 grams. Clear date, one full pillar, nearly full cross, About Fine with contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1125. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1723Y. S-P43a; KM-28; CT1651. 3.1 grams. Full date and PLV-SVL-TRA, nearly full cross, lightly toned Fine with flat areas. Estimate: $50-$75.

1126. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1763(V-Y). SP57; KM-42; CT-1580. 3.1 grams. Typically

crude and chunky but with clear date and nearly full cross, deeply toned About Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

1127. Lot 35 Potosí, Bolivia (and some Lima, Peru) cob 1R, various periods, some with visible dates. 96.3 grams total. Grades in this lot range from Good to AVF, with at least some identifying detail on each one (dates and assayers), some decent crosses, just a few with corrosion or holes, mostly nicely toned, good wholesale lot for jewelers. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

204

1128. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1655, rare. S-P37a; KM-B12; CT-1181. 1.4 grams. Bold date in monogram-side legend, bold (PHI)LIPVS on cross side, also bold P•(H) above monogram, off-center strike but beneficially so, Fine. Estimate: $125-$200.

1129. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, (1656), one-year type with cross-backed monogram. S-P37a; KM-A12.7; CT-1169. 2.1 grams. As one of the final experiments in the transition begun in 1652, the half reales of 1656 uniquely show crosses on both sides (with the date relegated to the rarely seen legend), one with lions and castles and the other superimposed by the monogram, which is full and bold on this example, the cross-lions-castles nearly full too, toned Fine+ with dark patina. Estimate: $75-$110.

1130. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 reales, 1691 (holed) and 171?. 1.2 and 1.5 grams each. The 1691 very broad and rather nice (toned XF) but holed, the other coin with nearly full monogram and cross (Fine) but last digit of date not visible. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1131. Lot of 77 Potosí, Bolivia (and some Lima, Peru), cob 1/2R, various periods, some with visible dates. 92.2 grams total. Typical specimens, Good to Fine on average, some with nice crosses, some dated, a few corroded or holed, mostly toned, good wholesale lot for jewelers. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

205

OTHER SILVER COBS Various mints (special zoomorphic collection)

1132. Collection of 27 silver cobs struck in or cut into animal shapes (six 8R and twenty-one minors), collected by Louis Hudson. While true zoomorphic shapes made specially at the mint command big premiums, even more so than Royals and Hearts, there is still some value in cobs that were simply animal-like by whim of nature and ones that were artistically cut down into recognizable shapes by colonists. This collection, assembled by expert coin dealer Louis Hudson over many years, displays a wide range of different animals and other shapes, mostly smaller coins but a few larger ones, which are of course much more dramatic, perhaps the most interesting one (with red coral-bead necklace) in the form of a fat chicken. Almost all are holed, as they were kept as jewelry, with dates and other diagnostic data visible on some, the earliest coin a Mexican CharlesJoanna 1R (mid-1500s) and the latest a PotosĂ­ 2R of 1769, grades anywhere from Good to AVF. Estimate: $2,500-$5,000.

206

Dominican Republic

1133. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, assayer F to right (rotated), very rare. 4.4 grams. Very attractive VF, nicely toned, with some bold legend in a mix of Gothic and Latin letters, fully detailed interiors (lions and castles in proper quadrants flanked by denomination II and upside-down assayer F on obverse, pillars with backwards S to left and D to right and PL in between on reverse), lightly shaved around the edge, but particularly rare as non-salvage. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of March 13-14, 1998, lot #2335. Estimate: $3,500-up.

1134. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 1/2 real, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, extremely rare. 1.6 grams. Choice specimen with full legends in a mix of Gothic and Latin letters, full inner details in an elegant style (pillars side with P to left, S to right, and P in middle), lovely contrasting toning, VF+ for wear, and of the utmost rarity, summed up nicely in the Ray Byrne “Caribbees” sale in 1975 (Jess Peters) for one of the two specimens he had: “it took Ray 15 years to discover this specimen, 6 more to locate the following lot, and not even rumors of a third piece to provoke interest, with more readily available coins being touted in the 1/4 million dollar range” (and note the better of Ray’s 2 examples sold for $2000 in 1975 dollars!). Estrella’s 1979 book Monedas Dominicanas cites 6 examples, and surely a few more are out there, but ours is the first we have seen on the market in decades. Estimate: $5,000-up.

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1135. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, billon (silver/copper) 11 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, extremely rare. 2.8 grams. Very crudely made, but only 5 others known, and this one nearly unique with complete silver surfaces, in fact the first specimen ever offered at auction. Full legends highlighted by contrasting toning, the centers somewhat flat but with clear mintmark P-S on obverse and assayer F to left and denomination XI to right on reverse (an unpublished variety), the planchet thin and round, with part of edge bent, some surface pitting from salvage, really too difficult to grade accurately but clearly better than the photographed example in Estrella (1979). Estimate: $2,000-up.

1136. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer oF, with key countermark (Santo Domingo, 1577, revaluation to 2 maravedís), scarce. 3.7 grams. Full key countermark between oF assayer to left and o-IIII denomination to right, nice dark brown all over but mostly flat (Fine?), with some green patches. Estimate: $60-$90.

1137. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, with key countermark (Santo Domingo, 1577, revaluation to 2 maravedís), scarce. 2.8 grams. Full key countermark at upper right and bold assayer F to left, most of crowned pillars on other side, somewhat red but corroded, with edge-split. Pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #4 of November 6, 2008 (lot 777), with original tag. Estimate: $35-$50.

1138. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer not visible (F), with bold countermark “S” (Jamaica, 1581-2), rare. 3.6 grams. Broad, round flan with very bold S countermark in middle next to denomination 4, much legend but weak interiors, Fine or so, brown outside but red near centers. Pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #4 of November 6, 2008 (lot 779), with original tag. Estimate: $60-$90.

1139. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, with two anchor countermarks (Jamaica, 1611-16), rare thus. 3.1 grams. Excellent full pillars with single crown above and over-marked with 2 distinct anchors, the other side weak and lightly corroded, a mix of brown and red and close to AVF overall. With Historic Real Treasures photo-certificate. Estimate: $60-$90.

1140. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, with anchor countermark (Jamaica, 1611-16). 3.3 grams. Nicely detailed VF with full o-IIII denomination to left and assayer F to right, full pillars with bold S (backwards) and P and bold countermark, much legend (both Gothic and Latin), mostly dark brown. With small Sedwick card-certificate (“First Coins of the Caribbean”). Estimate: $35$50.

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1141. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer oF. 2.5 grams. Smallish flan with edge-split but with bold assayer oF to left and denomination o-IIII to right, bold pillars and S-P, VF+, deep chocolate brown. Pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #3 of May 29, 2008 (lot #426), with original tag. Estimate: $35-$50.

1142. Lot of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 and 2 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, both nice, the 2 maravedís very rare. 4.3 grams total. Choice 4M with full assayer F (looks a little like an E) and denomination 4, full pillars with P to left and S to right (scarce), rich brown color, AVF grade; the 2M also bold but slightly corroded, with full assayer F (also E-like) and denomination II, bold pillars and SP, with edge-crack, VF or so for actual wear. Estimate: $300$450.

1143. Lot of 4 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, nice specimens, one with early Gothic legends. 13.2 grams total. Interesting lot for study, as one shows an E-like assayer F, one shows mintmark P-S, and a third shows full Gothic legends, Fine or so on average, mostly dark and patinated. Estimate: $100-$150.

1144. Lot of 4 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F or oF. Four different varieties of a very variety-rich collectible series, with varying manifestations of assayer (F or oF) and denomination (IIII or 4) and mintmark (S-P or P-S) and legends (Gothic, Latin or mixed), typically crude but Fine on average, some original copper color but mostly brown. Estimate: $40-$60.

1145. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles V, assayer F, scarce. 3.3 grams. Far less common than the earlier series of copper coins, with S-castle-P (instead of monogram and assayer and denomination) on obverse and lion above assayer (instead of pillars and mintmark) on reverse, both prominent on this coin, KAROLVS OINTVS (Quintvs) in legend (as struck after Joanna’s death in 1555), dark-brown Fine with edge-split. Estimate: $300-$450.

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1146. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 1148. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Philip II, assayer X, extremely rare. 7.6 a very small, recently found Caribbean cache of these coins (dispelling the theory that they were struck in Spain), finally allowing us to study the different die-varieties, of which we can identify at least five so far (all of which show a castle above small pomegranate between oSD-monogram mintmark to left and assayer X to right inside a double-line tressure on the obverse and crowned lion on reverse). This specimen shows a castle with even-height turrets, windows as cross-topped orbs, tressure dimples (marked with x’s) at 1-3-5-7-9-11 o’clock, dots above mintmark and assayer, choice example (possibly finest known) with bold full castle and lion, much legend, solid AXF with lots of copper color highlighted by toning around details. Estimate: $1,500-up. grams. From

1147. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Philip II, assayer X, extremely rare. 8.2 grams. From a very small, recently found Caribbean cache of these coins (dispelling the theory that they were struck in Spain), finally allowing us to study the different die-varieties, of which we can identify at least five so far (all of which show a castle above small pomegranate between oSD-monogram mintmark to left and assayer X to right inside a double-line tressure on the obverse and crowned lion on reverse). This specimen shows a castle with even-height turrets, windows as cross-topped orbs, tressure dimples at 2-4-6-8-10-12 o’clock, solid specimen with bold full castle and full lion, brown-toned AVF, small split in edge. Estimate: $1,000-up.

maravedís, Philip II, assayer X, extremely rare. 7.4 a very small, recently found Caribbean cache of these coins (dispelling the theory that they were struck in Spain), finally allowing us to study the different die-varieties, of which we can identify at least five so far (all of which show a castle above small pomegranate between oSD-monogram mintmark to left and assayer X to right inside a double-line tressure on the obverse and crowned lion on reverse). This specimen shows a castle with even-height turrets, rectangular windows, tressure dimples at 1-3-5-7-9-10-12 o’clock, full lion and castle, much bold legend, dark AVF with minor surface corrosion. Estimate: $800-up. grams. From

1149. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Philip II, assayer X, extremely rare. 3.7 a very small, recently found Caribbean cache of these coins, finally allowing us to study the different die-varieties, of which we can identify at least five so far (all of which show a castle above small pomegranate between oSD-monogram mintmark to left and assayer X to right inside a double-line tressure on the obverse and crowned lion on reverse). This specimen shows a castle with even-height turrets, rectangular windows, tressure dimples at 1-3-5-7-9-11 o’clock, VF details but thin from light corrosion and with 2 edge-splits, full castle and nice full lion, much legend, mostly red but with some dark brown color. Estimate: $600-up. grams. From

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1150. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Philip II, assayer X, extremely rare. 6.3 grams. From a very small, recently found Caribbean cache of these coins (dispelling the theory that they were struck in Spain), finally allowing us to study the different die-varieties, of which we can identify at least five so far (all of which show a castle above small pomegranate between oSD-monogram mintmark to left and assayer X to right inside a double-line tressure on the obverse and crowned lion on reverse). This specimen shows a castle with relatively taller center turret, windows as cross-topped orbs, tressure dimples at 1-3-5-7-9-11 o’clock, VF details but thin from light corrosion and with large edge-split, nice copper color, bold full castle and lion. Estimate: $600-up.

1151. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 2 maravedís, Philip II, assayer X, unique. 2.7 grams. Unlisted in Estrella (1979) but presumed to exist from contemporary documentation, this discovery coin shows a full castle flanked by oSD-monogram mintmark to left and bold assayer X to right (faint pomegranate below), nice full lion on other side, some legend, perfectly round and well centered, AVF details but lightly corroded, nice red color with dark highlights around details. Estimate: $3,500-up.

Panama

1152. Seville, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, with large C countermark (for Castilla de Oro[?], the original name given to the Panama area), extremely rare. 3.1 grams. At some point during the conquest period, Ferdinand-Isabel coins that were imported to the New World were countermarked for use there, and these countermarked coins have turned up in only two places: Panama and a mid-1500s wreck off Cuba known as the “Ines de Soto wreck”. This lot marks the first time a C countermark has been offered for public sale, and it is full and bold on the reverse of this specimen, which shows a full shield and crown, bold S to left of arrows, nearly full legends, lightly rainbow-toned AVF with slightly crude surfaces. Estimate: $1,000-up.

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1153. Seville, Spain (special issue for the New World), 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, with P countermark (for Panama[?]), extremely rare. CT-unlisted. 3.4 grams. In 1505 a special series of coins for exclusive use in the New World was struck in Spain under Ferdinand-Isabel and subsequently exported to Santo Domingo, Mexico, Panama and even Puerto Rico. These coins, which are generally very rare today, show a large, crowned F in the center of the reverse. The present specimen also shows a P countermark just to the left of the shield, which we believe indicates its use in the Panama region, where most of the known coins with this countermark have been found (note this coin and the next lot are the first of this combination ever to be offered at auction). Broad, round flan with full legends and crown, nice full shield, slightly corroded reverse with faint S mintmark below the F (confirmed by style of crown), nicely toned VF or so. Estimate: $1,000-up.

1154. Seville, Spain (special issue for the New World), 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, with P countermark (for Panama[?]), extremely rare. CT-unlisted. 3.0 grams. In 1505 a special series of coins for exclusive use in the New World was struck in Spain under Ferdinand-Isabel and subsequently exported to Santo Domingo, Mexico, Panama and even Puerto Rico. These coins, which are generally very rare today, show a large, crowned F in the center of the reverse. This specimen also shows a bold P countermark to the immediate right of the crowned F, which we believe indicates its use in the Panama region, where most of the known coins with this countermark have been found (note this coin and the previous lot are the first of this combination ever to be offered at auction). The host coin shows a full shield flanked by ermines on obverse and full yoke and arrows in addition to the F and mintmark S below it on the reverse, with much legend as well, Fine details but lightly corroded and fragile from a hairline fracture below the countermark, which is darkly toned compared to the rest of the coin. Estimate: $500-up.

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1155. Burgos, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, with P 1156. Burgos, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, with P countermark (for Panama[?]), rare. 3.2 grams. Very bold full countermark on reverse, the host coin typically thin and round and broad, with full legends and inner details, good full crown, bold B mintmark below yoke and arrows, Fine with minor surface corrosion, some dark toning. Note this is only the second time this countermark has been offered at auction, the first one (also Burgos) having sold for almost $1500 in our Treasure Auction #6. Estimate: $500-$750.

countermark (for Panama[?]), rare. 2.9 grams. Very bold full countermark to left of full and well-detailed shield below choice full crown, full yoke and arrows on other side above B mintmark, nearly full Gothic legends, lustrous XF. Note this is only the second time this countermark has been offered at auction, the first one (also Burgos) having sold for almost $1500 in our Treasure Auction #6. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1157. Granada, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, with P countermark (for Panama[?]), extremely rare. 1.5 grams. First half real ever offered at auction with the P countermark (and clearly far rarer than the 1R), which is full and bold near the center of the obverse on this coin, a lightly struck AVF with full inner details and nearly full legends, clear Gothic-G mintmark below yoke on obverse, lightly toned here and there. Estimate: $500up.

1158. Panama, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer oB, extremely rare. 6.6 grams. Full but doubled shield and cross, the former with AP-II to left and oB to right (Proctor #2R.1B), some bold legend, lightly toned VF+ with 2 edge-splits, Estimate: $2,000$3,000.

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1159. Panama, cob 1 real, Philip II, no assayer, unusually fine style, unique. 3.3 grams. Missing in the Proctor reference but believed by him to be a test-strike for new punches after the assayer-oB series, this unique coin significantly lacks any evidence of an assayer letter in the dies, yet clearly shows the AP mintmark to the left and denomination I to the right of the shield, with all details neatly executed and well centered but partially flat (bold where struck up), VF or better for actual wear, with light toning here around details, hairline edge-split. Estimate: $2,500-up.

1160. Panama, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer oX, very rare. 1.6 grams. Perfectly round and well centered, with full monogram flanked by bold AP to left and (o)X to right (Proctor #HR.1X) below choice full crown, full cross-lions-castles with nearly full legends on the other side, nice VF with brown sediment on fields, very minor surface corrosion. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1161. Lot of 43 miscellaneous copper coins used in local commerce in Panama in the mid-1500s, including an extremely rare Santo Domingo blanca of Charles-Joanna. 94.4 grams total. An eclectic mix of Spanish, Italian and Portuguese coins of the 1400s and early 1500s, all in corroded condition with only limited readability, vast range of colors (some green), one holed, but there is also a surprise here: a Santo Domingo blanca of Charles-Joanna (see featured coin in photo). This coin is similar to the earlier Spanish 1 maravedi, which is what Estrella (1979) called it in error, but a document from 1544 mentions the striking of “blancas de Santo Domingo� in billon (copper-silver mix) sometime between January 6, 1543 and June 10, 1544, per an order of April 15, 1541, their striking quickly discontinued due to difficulties in producing such a small coin and its rejection in commerce because of great variation in weight and size (even corroded, ours is rather large at 1.2 grams and 24 mm), depending on the ratio of copper to silver (many thanks to Jorge Proctor for archival research). Only about 6 specimens are known today (this one, in fact, the first ever offered at auction), each displaying mintmark P-S (as on our coin) or S-P flanking a crowned Gothic K (for Karolvs) on one side and anchor-shaped Y (for Yoanna) with assayer F to left on the other side, the names of the king and queen appearing in the legends on both sides. Estimate: $500up.

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Colombia

1162. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer P (1627-32), unique error with HISPAN backwards in legend, quadrants of cross transposed, Plate Coin in KM and Restrepo and Lasser. S-B4; KM-2.2; R-M35.3. 13.7 grams. Broad flan with choice full shield and cross, clear mintmark to left and bold assayer P below vertical IIII to right, not much legend except for erroneous “NAPSIH” on reverse, lustrous AXF with deep hairline edge-split. Pedigreed to the Lasser collection, plated in both his reference and the Standard Catalog of World Coins (Krause-Mishler). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1163. Cartagena, Colombia (?), cob 1/2 real, Philip IV, 162(?), no assayer. 1.2 grams. With large monogram (bold and full) in which the P and S touch, this odd coin with date below the monogram has been variously attributed to Spain and even Potosí, but Cartagena seems to have the best support (see the December 2009 Numisnotas [Medellín] article by Alex Montaña), this specimen with only partial date but with potentially significant dot to right of monogram, VF details but lightly corroded, with dark contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$500.

1164. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/2 real, Philip IV, assayer not visible (ca. 1630). 1.6 grams. Most of monogram, some cross despite light surface corrosion, faintly toned, king’s ordinal IIII visible. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

Guatemala

1165. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1752J, encapsulated NGC 1166. Guatemala, cob 2 reales, (17)37(J). 6.0 grams. Off-center F-12. Richly old-toned and scarce without the usual hole, the pillars side with particularly nice crown and worlds above full date, most of shield on other side with J to left, actually AVF for the type but Fine as compared to other coins. Estimate: $500-$750.

pillars side with bold 7 of date and mintmark G, nicely centered shield, VG with contrasting toning, typical crude hole near edge.

Estimate: $40-$60.

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Spain Special issues struck for the New World

1167. Seville, Spain (for the New World), 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, very rare. 3.1 grams. Rare special coinage struck for New World use only, with characteristic large F (particularly bold on this example) in center of reverse between full yoke and arrows, the slightly off-center obverse with full shield flanked by mintmark •S*• on both sides, much legend (Gothic), AVF details with contrasting toning but surfaces very lightly corroded. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1168. Seville, Spain (for the New World), copper 4 maravedís, Ferdinand-Isabel, rare. 7.5 grams. Rare special coinage struck for New World use only, with crowned Y and F on obverse and crowned F flanked by mintmark S with dots above, below, and right and left on the reverse, broad flan with much legend, well-struck AVF with dark-brown and patinated surfaces. Estimate: $150-$225.

1169. Burgos, Spain (for the New World), copper 2 maravedís, Ferdinand-Isabel, rare. 3.3 grams. Rare special coinage struck for New World use only, with crowned Y and F flanked by small circles on obverse, crowned F flanked by mintmark B and small circles on reverse, broad flan with much legend and nice VF details but encrusted all over with dark orange sediment. Estimate: $150-$225.

1170. Burgos, Spain (for the New World), copper 2 maravedís, FerdinandIsabel, rare. 3.2 grams. Rare special coinage struck for New World use only, with crowned Y and F flanked by ermines on obverse, crowned F flanked by mintmark B and small circles on reverse, broad flan with full legends and clear inner details, patinated and lightly encrusted VF. Estimate: $150-$225.

1171. Lot of 4 copper 4 and 2 maravedís struck in Spain (Burgos and Seville) for use in the New World, Ferdinand-Isabel. 15.7 grams total. Rare special coinage struck for New World use only, with crowned Y and F on obverse and crowned F on reverse, a pair of 4M and a pair of 2M together by virtue of the fact that they are all more or less corroded but still a great lot for study, all Fine or so for actual wear, one of the 4M with 2 deep punchmarks on obverse. Estimate: $350-$500.

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Peninsular issues, featuring a special offering of Ferdinand-Isabel

1172. Seville, Spain, 8 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer 1175. Seville, Spain, 4 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer Gothic P. 26.8 grams. Typically large flan with practically full legends and crown surrounding a well-detailed full shield with mintmark S to left and denomination o-VIII to right on the obverse, bold yoke and arrows with assayer to right on the reverse, nicely toned AVF with a few old marks and scratches, popular and highly sought as an example of the first Spanish “dollar” coin. With the 4th quarter 2000 issue of PLVS VLTRA newsletter, in which this coin was featured and pictured. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Gothic P. 13.5 grams. Bold later style with all inner details full, also nearly full legends and crown, bold S to left and denomination to right, weak assayer to right of yoke above arrows, non-toned VF. Estimate: $200-$300.

1176. Seville, Spain, 4 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer

1173. Seville, Spain, 8 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer Gothic P. 26.4 grams. Lustrous and high grade (XF+) despite very light surface corrosion, with full legends and crown, choice full shield with S to left and denomination to right, bold and well-detailed yoke and arrows with assayer to right, contrasting toning, popular first Spanish “dollar” coin. Estimate: $1,500$2,250.

Gothic P. 13.6 grams. Typically choice detail (full shield and crown and yoke-over-arrows), nearly full legends, bold assayer to right of yoke, non-toned XF with ver y light surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200$300.

1177. Seville, Spain, 4 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer

1174. Seville, Spain, 4 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer *. 13.7 grams. Well-detailed VF with choice full shield flanked by S and denomination below nearly full crown, particularly bold arrows above yoke with * to left, lightly rainbow toned. With the 3rd quarter 1992 issue of PLVS VLTRA newsletter, in which this coin was featured and pictured. Estimate: $300-$450.

Gothic P. 12.9 grams. Good full shield, full side-by-side yoke and arrows with assayer in between, much legend, VF with deep rainbow toning, very minor surface corrosion. Estimate: $200$300.

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1181. Seville, Spain, 2 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer 1178. Seville, Spain, 4 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer Gothic P. 13.4 grams. Attractively toned VF+ with nice full shield and yoke-above-arrows, the latter with bold assayer to right, also choice full crown, some legend, part of edge crude and lamination in center of reverse. Estimate: $125-$225.

*. 6.5 grams. Broad flan with much bold legend, nice full shield and yoke-above-arrows with * to right, some minor doubling and hairline splits, VF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $100$150.

1182. Burgos, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer scallop. CT-287. 3.3 grams. Very well-detailed full shield, side-byside yoke and arrows above mintmark B on reverse with scallop and Jerusalem cross at top in legend, nice AXF with spots of toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1179. Toledo, Spain, 4 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer M, rare. 13.4 grams. Exceptionally broad flan, with perfectly full legends and crown, well-detailed full shield (flanked by mintmark T to left and denomination to right) and side-byside yoke and arrows above assayer, nicely toned XF with very light surface corrosion, small edge-split. Estimate: $800$1,200.

1183. Cuenca, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer P, rare. 2.7 grams. Very broad flan with full Gothic legends, very intricate shield with 3 dots to left and assayer oP to right, mintmark C and circles (an unlisted variety) below side-by-side yoke and arrows on reverse with bold Jerusalem-cross-and-4circles ornament at 12 o’clock in legend, nicely toned AXF with two dark spots on obverse. Estimate: $200-$300.

1180. Seville, Spain, 2 reales, Ferdinand-Isabel, no assayer. 6.8 grams. Possible candidate for the world’s largest 2 reales at a whopping 32 mm (bigger than most 4R), with choice full shield and side-by-side yoke and arrows, bold S to left and denomination to right of shield, much bold legend (Latin letters), some flat spots but otherwise AXF with contrasting toning. With the 2nd quarter 1992 issue of PLVS VLTRA newsletter, in which this coin was featured and pictured. Estimate: $150-$225.

1184. Granada, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer R. 3.3 grams. Nice full shield (attractively toned) with bold R to left, full side-by-side yoke and arrows on reverse (lustrous but with very light surface corrosion), VF overall. Estimate: $70$100.

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1185. La Coruña, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer A, rare. 3.4 grams. Very broad, round, thin planchet with 100% full legends (all Gothic letters) and crown, full inner details with scallop mintmark and Gothic-A assayer below side-by-side yoke and arrows, problem-free VF with some dark toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

1186. Seville, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer *. 3.3 grams. Bold full shield with S to left and * to right, side-by-side yoke and arrows also bold and full, some legend, nicely toned XF. Estimate: $70-$100.

1187. Toledo, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer 5 dots in cross pattern. CT-411. 3.2 grams. Broad, round flan with choice full legends (Gothic) and full inner details (shield flanked by 5 dots in cross pattern to left and mintmark T to right, sideby-side yoke and arrows on reverse), nearly full crown, attractively toned VF. With the 1st quarter 1993 issue of PLVS VLTRA newsletter, in which this coin was featured and pictured. Estimate: $100-$150.

1188. Toledo, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer M. 3.5 grams. Very broad flan with bold full legends, T to left and M to right of nice full shield, full side-by-side yoke and arrows on reverse, attractively toned VF+. Pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #3 of May 29, 2008 (lot #692), with original tag. Estimate: $100-$150.

1189. Toledo, Spain, 1 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer M. 3.2 grams. Nice full shield with T to left and M to right, full side-byside yoke and arrows, VF, mostly darkly toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

1190. Burgos, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer scallop. CT-423. 1.7 grams. Broad flan with full Gothic legends that show circles and Jerusalem cross at top of obverse, scallop and Jerusalem cross at top of reverse, nice full arrows on obverse and yoke above mintmark •B• on reverse AXF with contrasting toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

1191. Granada, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, no assayer. CT-443. 1.3 grams. Good full arrows, weaker yoke side with full Gothic-G mintmark, some good legend with contrasting toning, Fine overall. Estimate: $100-$150.

1192. Seville, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer *. CT-unlisted. 1.5 grams. Choice AXF with beautiful toning, nice full details, including fancy yoke with 2 small circles, mintmark S and assayer *, ribbon-wrapped arrows on other side, much legend. Estimate: $150-$225.

1193. Seville, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer Gothic P. CT-unlisted. 1.5 grams. Small flan with minimal legend, full and bold arrows, full but somewhat weak yoke with S and Gothic P near bottom, Fine with light surface corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.

1194. Toledo, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer 5 dots in cross pattern. CT-unlisted. 1.4 grams. Choice, richly toned AXF with much legend (all Gothic), elegant full yoke above T topped with 5 dots in cross pattern, ribbon-wrapped arrows on obverse, quite attractive. With the 1st quarter 1995 issue of PLVS VLTRA newsletter, in which this coin was featured and pictured. Estimate: $150-$225.

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1195. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, 164(?)R. CTType 127. 26.7 grams. Full

and bold shield and •S•R to left, denomination to right, bold but incomplete cross with clear 164 of date, Fine+ with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

1196. Seville, Spain, cob 2 reales, 1589, assayer Gothic P. CT540. 6.7 grams. Nice full crown above full but softly struck shield with weak but certain S-II-Gothic P to right and date (vertically) to left, full but weak cross, Fine for actual wear, with contrasting toning. Estimate: $150$225.

1197. Granada, Spain, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer F. CT619. 3.2 grams. Good

full shield and cross, the former with bold oGo to left and oF(o) to right, rotated tressure around cross as usual for this mint, Fine+ with attractively contrasting toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1198. Seville, Spain, cob 1 real, 1589, assayer Gothic P. CT669. 3.3 grams. Nice full shield with bold date (vertically) to right, very weak S-I-Gothic P to left, also full cross but some weak spots, AVF with dark-orange sediment in crevices. Estimate: $100-$150.

1201. Lot of 3 Spanish copper cobs of Philip II and III, various mints. 13.4 grams total. Three different mints and denominations (Toledo 8 maravedís, Cuenca 2 cuartos and Madrid 4 maravedís), all with nice details with dark surfaces (some highlighted with tan sediment), F-VF or better, great lot for study. Estimate: $50-$75.

1202. Seville, Spain, 6 maravedís, countermark VI over •S• (1636) struck on a silver-plated copper 2 cuartos of Cuenca, Spain, Philip II, also with reverse impression of the countermark (brockage) on the other side. 4.2 grams. This coin stumped several experts until we realized that it was originally a copper coin that was silver plated! The countermark is unusually full and bold (VF+), with just enough of the host coin remaining to pinpoint the mint and period (mostly flat, call it Fair), also with the countermark curiously inverse (brockage) on the other side, a fascinating specimen of what would normally be somewhat common. Estimate: $35$50.

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1199. Seville, Spain, cob 1 real, 1592(B). CT-672. 3.4 grams. Bold date, nice upper-left quadrant of shield and lower-right quadrant (castle) of cross, also fleur below crown, but all the rest flat due to uneven flan, otherwise VF+ and attractively toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

1200. Seville, Spain, cob 1 real, 1596(B). CT-675. 3.2 grams. Bold full shield and date and cross, Fine+ with dark toning on fields (great contrast). Estimate: $100-$150.

220

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WORLD SILVER COINS Argentina (Provinces of Río de la Plata)

1203. Argentina (Potosí mint), 8 reales, 1815F. Janson-5.1; KM-14. 26.8 grams. AVF with light sediment on fields, scratches in center of reverse, popular issue made under the independent Provinces of the Río de la Plata, whose soldiers had hijacked the colonial Potosí mint to make their coins. Estimate: $150-$225.

1204. Argentina (Potosí mint), 1 real, 1813J, encapsulated NGC MS-61. Janson-13.1; KM-2.2. Choice, lustrous Mint State with small spots of toning, very rare grade (unpriced in Janson, which is the authoritative reference), popular issue made under the independent Provinces of the Río de la Plata, whose soldiers had hijacked the colonial Potosí mint to make their coins. Estimate: $600-$900.

Argentina (Republic)

1205. Argentina, 50 centavos, 1883, Mint State. KM-28. 12.5 grams. Highly lustrous UNC with minor bagmarks, faint toning, tiny nick in rim. Estimate: $75-$110.

1206. Lot of Argentina 20 and 10 centavos, 1883 (2 coins total). KM-27 and 26. 7.4 grams total. Both UNC, the 20c lightly cleaned but technically Mint State. Estimate: $60-$90.

Azores 1207. Azores, 1200 reis, “G.P.” countermark (1887) on a French 5 francs L’AN 6, mintmark K, rare combination. KM-unlisted. 24.2 grams. Somewhat common countermark but unique (so far as we can tell) on this host, which is toned About Fine (countermark VF+). Estimate: $250-$375.

221

Bolivia (colonial) Pillars

1208. Potosí, Bolivia, pillar 4 reales, Charles III,

1211. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1775JR. KM-

1768JR. KM-49; CT-1168. 13.2 grams. Lightly toned VF with faint lust, surface corrosion on pillars side. Estimate: $150-$225.

55; CT-975. 26.9 grams. Nice VF with faint rainbow toning around

rims. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

Busts

1209. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1774JR, prooflike Mint State. KM-55; CT-974. 26.9 grams. From a hoard of several in the same condition (all at least MS-63 in our opinion but receiving conservative grades these days from the slabbers), with mirror surfaces and frosty details, no wear whatsoever, blazingly gorgeous. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1212. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1777PR. KM-55; CT-978. 26.5 grams. Deeply toned Fine, very attractive for the grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1213. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1777PR. KM-55; CT-978. 26.7 grams. Bold Fine+ with contrasting toning around details. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1210. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1774JR. KM55; CT-974. 26.6 grams. Lustrous XF with faint teal toning. Pedigreed

to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

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1214. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1218. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1779PR. KM-55; CT-980. 26.8 grams. AVF with areas of weak strike, faint colorful toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1783PR. KM-55; CT-990. 26.7 grams. Lustrous XF, starting to tone nicely, very minor pitting here and there. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1219. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1215. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780/ 1784PR. 9PR. KM-55; CT-981. 26.7 grams. AVF with spotty toning, no evidence of 8/7 for penultimate digit (as listed in KM) but the 0/9 is clear. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80$120.

KM-55; CT-991. 26.9 grams.

Bold VF+, richly

toned. Estimate: $125-$200.

1220. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1784PR. KM-55; CT-991. 26.9 grams. Off-center AVF with crude rims, patchy toning, somewhat lustrous fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1216. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1781PR. KM-55; CT-984. 26.7 grams. Richly toned and attractive AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1217. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1782PR. KM-55; CT-986. 26.7 grams. VF+ with nice subtle toning all over with a few black spots, a few old rim nicks. Estimate: $125-$200.

223

1224. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1221. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1785PR. KM-55; CT-992. 26.9 grams. Deeply toned AVF with weak rims, attractive. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70$100.

1787PR. KM-55; CT-995. 26.6 grams. Bold but lightly polished Fine+, broad flan. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1225. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1222. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786PR. KM-55; CT-994. 26.9 grams. Broad-flan VF+ with nice rims, lightly cleaned long ago. Estimate: $125-$200.

1788PR. KM-55; CT-997. 27.1 grams. Lustrous XF with subtle rainbow toning, faint old scratches. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1226. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional 1223. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786PR. KM-55; CT-994. 26.9 grams. Lustrous VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

(bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789PR. KM-64; CT-710. 26.8 grams. Fine with lightly toned fields and dark contrast around details, slightly cr ude rims. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

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1227. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790PR. KM-64; CT-711. 26.9 grams. Unevenly struck F-VF with patchy toning, off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1231. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1808PJ. KM73; CT-732. 27.1 grams. Deeply rainbow-toned

AU+, impressively

colorful. Estimate: $150-$225.

1232. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII (proper bust), 1808PJ, scarce. KM-84; CT-599. 27.0 grams. Lustrous near

1228. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1795PP. KM- AU, very lightly cleaned, with slightly crude rims. Estimate: 73; CT-718. 26.7 grams. Richly old-toned VF+ with nice rims, rather

attractive. Estimate: $125-$200.

$200-$300.

1233. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1229. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1804PJ. KMLustrous cleaned. Estimate: $100-$150.

73;

CT-727.

27.0

g rams.

AU,

ver y

lightly

1818PJ. KM-84; CT-607. 27.0 grams. Highly lustrous AU-BU, very lightly cleaned. Estimate: $100-$150.

1230. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1805PJ. KM73; CT-729. 26.9 grams. Lustrous

AU with areas of weak strike, starting to tone colorfully. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

225

1238. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1234. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1820PJ. KM-84; CT-609. 27.0 grams. BU with high luster, very lightly cleaned, nice rims, dark spot of toning in center of reverse. Estimate: $100-$150.

1773JR. KM-54; CT-1173. 13.0 grams. Richly rainbow-toned Fine+ with old scratches on bust, very nice aspect for the grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1239. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1235. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1822PJ. KM-84; CT-611. 26.9 grams. Highly lustrous BU, very lightly cleaned but starting to tone nicely. Estimate: $100-$150.

1774JR. KM-54; CT-1175. 13.1 grams. Bold Fine+ with patchy dark toning and green spots, off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1240. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1775JR, 1236. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1825JL, doubled-die obverse. KM-54; CT-1176. 13.4 grams. Bold VF+ with final year of colonial issues. KM-84; CT-618. 27.0 grams. Lustrous AU+, very lightly cleaned, popular. Estimate: $100-$150.

uneven toning, some luster, curious die-doubling error manifest in the ear and top of the head. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1237. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1773JR. KM-54; CT-1173. 13.4 grams. Broad-flan AXF, lightly cleaned. Estimate: $100-$150.

226

1241. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1775JR. KM- 1245. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, About Fine with bold, toned legends. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

54; CT-1176. 12.9 g rams.

1781PR. KM-54; CT-1188. 13.1 grams. Fine with attractive rainbow toning all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70$100.

1242. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1776JR, desirable date. KM-54; CT-1177. 13.0 grams. Only VG+ but legends bold and no problems (just a little off-center), popular as the date of US Independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1246. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1783PR. KM-54; CT-1191. 13.2 grams. Broad flan with slightly crude rims (as made), nice Fine+ with luster and light rainbow toning around letters. Estimate: $100-$150.

1243. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1247. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1777PR. KM-54; CT-1179. 12.9 grams. Lightly toned About Fine. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1785PR. KM-54; CT-1196. 13.1 grams. Deeply toned Fine+ with slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $100-$150.

1244. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1248. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1778PR. KM-54; CT-1182. 13.4 grams. Lustrous and lightly rainbowtoned AU with hairline scratches in obverse fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1786PR. KM-54; CT-1198. 12.6 grams. Worn (AVG) but with rich, contrasting toning all over and no problems. Estimate: $100$150.

227

1249. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790PR. KM-63; CT-863. 13.2 grams. AVF with softly struck centers, nice legends, subtle rainbow toning all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1253. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1802PP. KM72; CT-879. 13.1 grams. Lightly

cleaned Fine+ with good rims, a few scattered marks. Estimate: $50-$75.

1250. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1791PR, 1254. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1809PJ, encapsulated PCI EF-45. KM-72; CT-864. Lustrous and rainbow-toned XF+, weakly struck below the crown, slightly off-center reverse, with what appears to be a small rim-bruise at top (cannot confirm without removing slab). Estimate: $150-$225.

encapsulated NGC AU-58, ex-Whittier collection. KM-72; CT-886. Lustrous and choice, with subtle gunmetal toning, the obverse unusually higher grade (AU+) than the reverse (XF+), rare grade in any case and with desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $500-$750.

1251. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1793PR. KM-

1255. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Ferdinand VII,

72; CT-868. 13.3 grams. Attractive Fine+ with lovely rainbow toning

(lots of red and blue) off-center strike with slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $60-$90.

1825JL. KM-88; CT-797. 13.3 grams. Popular final date of colonial coinage, lustrous XF, off-center strike with slightly crude rims (as made).Estimate: $100-$150.

1252. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1796PP. KM72; CT-873. 12.9 grams. Very deeply toned Fine+, off-center strike

with slightly crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

228

1256. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1774JR. KM-53; CT-1383. 6.7 grams. Bold XF+ with abrasions on bust and partially corroded as from unspecified salvage, also lustrous but with some dark toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

1257. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1776JR, desirable date. KM-53; CT-1386. 6.5 grams. Fine with rich rainbow toning on peripheries (very nice contrast), popular as the date of US independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1258. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1776PR, desirable date. KM-52; CT-1601. 3.4 grams. AVF with spotty dark toning and sediment, popular as the date of US independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1259. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1779PR. KM-52; CT-1608. 3.4 grams. Lustrous but lightly cleaned XF, off-center reverse. Estimate: $75-$110.

1260. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1 real, Charles IV (distinctive early bust), 1791PR. KM-70; CT-1160. 3.3 grams. Off-center AVF with crude rims (as made), incipient toning, larger bust than on later issues. Estimate: $35-$50.

1261. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1776JR, desirable date. KM-51; CT-1802. 1.6 grams. VF with patches of very dark toning, slightly off-center reverse, popular date of US Independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1262. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV, 1808PJ, ex-Whittier collection, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-69; CT1325. Choice grade, lustrous but no toning, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $175$250.

Bolivia (Republic)

1263. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1832JL, choice grade. KM97. 26.7 grams. Highly lustrous BU with hairlines on fields, slightly

crude rims as made. Estimate: $300-$450.

1264. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1832JL, encapsulated ICG EF-40. KM-97. Very lightly cleaned VF (despite what the slab says), starting to tone. Estimate: $60-$90.

229

1265. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1833LM, encapsulated NGC AU-50. KM-97. Gorgeous AU+ with beautiful rich toning all over, rather colorful. Estimate: $100-$150.

1266. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1835LM, with unidentified fleur-de-lis countermark (French West Indies?). KM-97. 26.7 grams. F-VF, somewhat lustrous, with bold countermark in front of face that we have seen before but is still only tentatively attributed (possibly rare). Estimate: $250-$375.

1267. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1860FJ. KM-138.6. 20.2 grams. Lustrous XF with subtle rainbow toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

1268. Lot of Potosí, Bolivia, 8 and 4 soles, 1860FJ and 1854MJ respectively (2 coins total). KM-138.6 and 123.2. 33.3 grams total. The

8S is AXF with toning around the legends and the 4S is bold XF struck off-center, with slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $60-$90.

1269. Potosí, Bolivia, 4 soles, 1830JL, choice grade. KM-96a.1. 13.2 grams. BU, lustrous and choice. Estimate: $400-$600.

1270. La Paz, Bolivia, 4 soles, 1856P, encapsulated NGC VF-35. KM-130. Attractively toned VF, no problems. Estimate: $30-$45.

1271. Potosí, Bolivia, 4 soles, 1857FJ, encapsulated ICG AU-53. KM-123.2. Lustrous and accurately graded, slightly weak centers. Estimate: $100-$150.

1272. Potosí, Bolivia, 2 soles, 1827JM. KM-95. 6.7 grams. Beautifully toned AXF with slightly cr ude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the W hittier collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1273. Potosí, Bolivia, 2 soles, 1829JM. KM-95. 6.7 grams. Lustrous XF with subtle toning, slightly off-center obverse. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

230

1274. Potosí, Bolivia, 2 soles, 1859FJ, no weight and fineness in legend. KM-121.3. 7.0 grams. Lustrous VF with very subtle toning, minor planchet flaw in tree. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1275. Potosí, Bolivia, 2 soles, 1859FJ, with weight and fineness in legend. KM-135.1. 4.9 grams. Fine+ with weak centers, attractively toned (good contrast in legends). Pedigreed to the Whittier collection. Estimate: $25-$40.

1276. Potosí, Bolivia, 2 soles, 1860/60FJ. KM-135.2. 4.6 grams. AVF with weak centers, spots of dark toning. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1277. Potosí, Bolivia, 1 sol, 1860FJ, encapsulated NGC XF-45. KM-134.2. Lustrous AU, very nice. Estimate: $30-$45.

1278. Potosí, Bolivia, 1/2 sol, 1857FJ, encapsulated ICG AU-55. KM-118.2. Lustrous and very faintly toned (accurately graded). Estimate: $30-$45.

1279. Potosí, Bolivia, 1/4 sol, 1852. KM-111. 0.5 gram. AU with weal centers, much luster, rainbow toning. Estimate: $60-$90.

1280. Potosí, Bolivia, 1/4 sol, 1852. KM-111. 0.8 gram. Lustrous XF with weak centers, colorful toning around details. Estimate: $50-$75.

1281. Potosí, Bolivia, 10 centavos, 1893CB, Mint State. KM-158.3. 2.4 grams. Choice, prooflike, with colorful toning. Estimate: $35-$50.

1282. Potosí, Bolivia, bronze 10 bolivianos, 1951, encapsulated ANACS MS-64 Red. KM-186. Very lovely gold color with hints of red. Estimate: $80-$120.

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231

Brazil

1283. Brazil (Pernambuco mint), 640 reis, 1701-P. KM-90.2.

19.7 grams. Mostly lustrous UNC (exceptional grade for this issue)

with full details. Estimate: $600-$900.

1284. Brazil (Bahia mint), 600 reis, 1758-B. KM-179.

1286. Minas Gerais, Brazil, 960 reis, arms countermark (1808-10) on a Santiago, Chile, bust 8R of 1805, rare combination. KM-243. 26.5 g rams. Host About Fine, countermark VF-XF, with just the tail of final digit of date visible on host coin. This countermark is usually seen on PotosĂ­ and Lima host coins, with Mexico and Santiago much rarer (no Guatemalas are known). Estimate: $600-$800.

18.6

grams. Richly

toned XF, no problems, choice full rims, rather attractive. Estimate: $900-$1,350.

1287. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1810-R, with eagle countermark (Frankfurt, Ger many?). KM-307.3. 26.6 grams. Beautifully toned XF+ with off-center strike, curious and well-crafted full eagle countermark (not fully attributed, possibly rare) on crown. Estimate: $500-$750.

1285. Brazil (Rio mint), 600 reis, 1758-R. KM-187.

18.4

grams. Lustrous,

non-toned VF+, bold strike except for parts of rims (typically crude). Estimate: $500-$750.

1288. Brazil (Bahia mint), 960 reis, 1814-B. KM-307.1.

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26.6

grams. Bold and brightly lustrous AU-, off-center strike. Estimate: $250-$375.

232

1289. Brazil (mint uncertain), 960 reis, 1816-?, struck over 1292. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1824-R, rare as Spanish colonial bust 8 reales. 26.8 grams. Lustrous (and offcenter) XF+ with most of the shield of the original coin visible on reverse (where new mintmark should appear), scarce to see so much of the under-coin. Estimate: $50-$75.

underweight and doubled. KM-368.1. 22.7 grams. Fascinating specimen as underweight and evidently struck twice (with elements of the original 1824-R and 960 visible, rotated 90 degrees relative to the new strike), lustrous XF with crude rims (as made), minor green spots. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1293. Brazil (Rio mint), copper 20 reis, 1829-R, unique 1290. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1818-R, struck over Spanish colonial bust 8 reales. KM-326.1. 26.8 grams. Rather large flan, hence the under-coin probably early Bolivia, with shield from original coin visible in center of reverse and 8R from legend appearing at the rim, lustrous AU, struck off-center (crude rims as a result), variety with double branches. Estimate: $350-$450.

error with second strike (restrike?) approx. 60% offcenter. KM-360.1. 6.8 grams. Original strike Fine, with very faint date in protruding part where second (new?) strike appears in XF on the reverse, some original copper color peeking through light brown with very faint luster. Estimate: $500-$750.

1294. Brazil, 1200 reis, 1835. KM-454. 26.8 grams. AU, very lightly cleaned, with faint steel-gray toning, early type with high-relief tulips in wreath and 2-line banner on globe. Estimate: $750$1,100.

1291. Brazil (Bahia mint), 960 reis, 1820-B, struck over Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales of Ferdinand VII. KM-326.2. 26.8 grams. Rare with (J)P assayer and portrait from under-coin still visible (the face upside-down relative to the crown), XF with muted luster and toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

233

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1295. Brazil, 1200 reis, 1847. KM-454. 26.9 grams. Lightly toned XF with slightly crude rims, later type with low-relief tulips in wreath. Estimate: $600-$900.

1296. Lot of Brazil 1000 reis 1855 and another 1000 reis made into a token (2 coins total). KM-465. 12.6 and 12.7 grams each. The 1855 coin lightly toned XF+ with tiny rim-nick, the token (unattributed) struck with F on one side and 500 on the other (both elements in wreaths). Estimate: $200-$300.

1297. Brazil, 2000 reis, 1913 (dashes between stars). KM511. 20.0 grams. Lustrous Mint State with subtle toning. Estimate:

1299. Lot of 2 Brazil aluminum-bronze 1000 reis, 1938, CB under chin, one mis-struck (rare “hat� error). KM-541. curious error (the planchet concave around reverse), with VG obverse and lustrous XF reverse, the other coin (just to show the non-error version) Fine or so. Estimate: $500-$750.

$125-$200.

6.9 and 7.1 grams each. Very

1298. Brazil (struck at the Berlin mint), 2000 reis, 1913-A (no dashes between stars). KM-514. 20.0 grams. Bold strike, lustrous Mint State with subtle toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

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234

Chile (colonial)

1300. Santiago, Chile, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1793DA. KM-60. 13.2 grams. Nicely toned AVF, off-center strike. Estimate: $125-$200.

1301. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1781DA. KM-30. 6.0 grams. Attractively toned VG. Estimate: $40-$60.

1302. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1802JJ. KM-59. 6.4 grams. Bold AVF with colorful toning all over, good rims. Estimate: $60-$90.

1303. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813FJ. KM-79. 6.3 grams. Lustrous and lightly cleaned AVF with scratch in front of face, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $40-$60.

1304. Santiago, Chile, bust 1 real, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IIII), 1791DA. KM-48. 3.2 grams. AVF with contrasting toning around details, far superior to the usual VG grade seen for this one-year type. Estimate: $150-$225.

1305. Lot of 3 Santiago, Chile, bust minors: 1 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1816FJ; 1/2 real, Charles III, 1775/3DA; and 1/2 real, Charles III, 1788DA. KM-65 and 28. 6.6 grams total. All Fine or better, lightly toned, the overdate listed in KM as 6/5 in error. Estimate: $60-$90.

1306. Santiago, Chile, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1813FJ. KM-64. 1.6 grams. Nicely

toned VF with slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $40-$60.

Chile (provisional) 1307. Valdivia, Chile, post-1830 countermark on 1822 provisional 8 reales (billon silver), rare. KM-6. 13.0 grams. The reverse of this typically crude (mostly devoid of design) and mysterious coin shows the stamp “AP DE VA”, which stands for Provincia de Valdivia (not “Año primero de la Libertad Valdiviana”, as previously thought, according to Carlos Jara in his work “Las Emisiones Provinciales de Valdivia: 1822-1844”), a mark that was specifically decreed on March 20, 1830, to be stamped on 1822 provisional issues, but most surviving examples like this one are unofficial, circulating, contemporary products (for a genuine specimen of the countermark, see the ex-Paul Karon example plated in Calicó). Toned Good with old scratches, crude rims as made, slight evidence of original date 1822 and V(A) on obverse. Pedigreed to the Gibbs collection (Schulman, March 18-19, 1966), lot #971. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

235

Chile (Republic)

1308. Santiago, Chile, “volcano” peso, 1818FD. KM-82.2. 27.0 grams. AXF with lovely rich toning all over, a few old scratches, slightly off-center strike, popular series. Estimate: $275-$400.

1309. Santiago, Chile, “volcano” peso, 1833I. KM-82.2. 26.8 grams. Lustrous UNC (rare grade for this popular series), very lightly cleaned and starting to tone beautifully, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $2,750-$4,000.

1310. Santiago, Chile, 8 reales, 1848JM, encapsulated NGC MS-61. KM-96.2. Particularly well-struck example of a scarce 2year type, accurately graded but with what appear to be a couple of minor rim-bruises (cannot confirm without removing slab), incipient toning. Estimate: $1,600-$2,400.

1311. Santiago, Chile, peso, 1853. KM-129. 24.8 grams. Non-toned XF with a couple very light rim-bruises. Estimate: $150$225.

1312. Santiago, Chile, copper 2 centavos, 1883. KM-147a. 7.0 grams. Choice UNC, some original red color, scarce grade for the issue. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection (lot 16488). Estimate: $60-$90.

1313. Santiago, Chile, copper-nickel 1/2 centavo, 1873. KM148. 2.9 grams. AXF, scarcer than KM indicates. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection (lot 16470). Estimate: $50-$75.

Colombia (colonial) 1314. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1772VJ. R-42.2. 6.3 grams. VG with weak centers but bold legends, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1315. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1773VJ. R-42.4. 6.1 grams. VG with weak centers, good legends, lightly toned, crudely out-of-round rim (as made). Estimate: $60-$90.

236

1316. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1792JJ, rare. R-80.1. 6.2 grams. F with die-crack on obverse, good legends with contrasting toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

1317. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1810JF. R-114.1. 6.5 grams. Nicely toned VF. Estimate: $100-$150.

1318. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1811JF. R-114.3. 6.6 grams. Non-toned VF, offcenter strike. Estimate: $125-$200.

1319. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1819FJ. R-113.7. 6.7 grams. Lightly toned AXF for issue (scarce grade), very attractive. Estimate: $125-$200.

1320. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1819FJ. R-113.9. 6.3 grams. Beautifully toned VF, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

1321. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1820FM. R-114.15. 6.6 grams. Broad-flan AVF with weak bust, once lightly cleaned but starting to re-tone. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1322. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1772JS. R-40.4. 3.2 grams. Lightly toned VF with bold rims on an exceptionally broad flan, no problems, scarce one-year type. Estimate: $250-$375.

1323. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1772VJ, rare. R-38.1. 3.0 grams. Typically crude F with weak rims but rich toning, desirable first date of issue. Estimate: $250-$375.

1324. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1773VJ. R-38.3. 3.2 grams. AVF for issue, hairline scratches on bust, subtle toning, scarce second date of type. Estimate: $200-$300.

1325. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1777JJ, rare. R-38.9. 3.3 grams. Very attractively toned AVF with a few minor, natural flaws, exceptional for the issue. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1326. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1796JJ. R-78.16.

AVF for issue, lightly toned, with tiny punchmark in crown. Estimate: $125-$200.

1327. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1798JJ. R-78.24.

3.6 grams. Nice VF, attractively toned. Estimate: $200-$300.

2.9 grams.

237

1328. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1799/ 99JJ. R-78.30a. 3.6 grams. AVF for issue, ver y lightly toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

1329. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1812JF. R-111.5. 3.6 grams. Lustrous AXF with natural rim-flaw, tiny spots of green, scarce grade for the issue. Estimate: $125-$200.

1335. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1774JS. R-34.2; KM-45.2. 1.6 grams. Scarce one-year type, nice AVF with toning around details. Estimate: $250-$375.

1336. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1774JS. R-34.2; KM45.2. 1.6 grams. About Fine with hole at top, lightly toned all over, scarce oneyear type. Estimate: $70-$100.

1330. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1812JF. R-111.5. 3.1 grams. Lightly toned VG, crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1331. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1816FJ. R-111.9. 3.3 grams. VF with flat centers on an extraordinarily broad flan with super rims. Estimate: $150-$225.

1337. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV, 1795JJ,

1332. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1817FJ. R-111.11. 3.3 grams. Lustrous VF, somewhat softly struck, slightly out-of-round planchet. Estimate: $150-$225.

1333. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1819FJ (inverted J). R-111.18. 3.2 grams. XF for issue with subdued luster, good rims. Estimate: $175-$250.

rare. R-77.4. 1.4 grams. Fine with weak centers, nicely toned. Estimate: $250-$375.

1338. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1810JF. R-107.1. 1.7 grams. Bold XF, slightly lustrous, excellent specimen of a scarce oneyear type. Estimate: $200-$300.

1339. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1816FJ. R-106.7. 1.7 grams. AVF for the type, with very attractive rich toning, slightly off-center strike, quite nice for the grade. Estimate: $125-$200.

1334. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1772VJ, denomination as bisected 1, very rare (fewer than 10 known). R-32.1. 1.6 grams. About Fine with good contrast from toning on fields, slightly off-center strike, interesting manifestation of the denomination as a 1 with a horizontal line through the middle. Estimate: $500-$750.

238

1340. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1818FJ. R-106.9. 1.7 grams. AVF with weak centers, nice specimen. Estimate: $150-$225.

1341. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1799. R-75.8. 0.6 gram. Nicely toned XF with crude rims (as made) and minor die-break on reverse. Estimate: $125-$200.

1342. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1805, very rare. R-75.21. 1.0 gram. AVG with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1343. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1816. R-110.15.

0.9 gram. Lightly

toned XF+ with nice rims, very

attractive. Estimate: $200-$300.

1344. Popayán, Colombia, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1816. R-101.1. 1.0 gram. Softly struck XF, very lightly toned, broad flan. Estimate: $175-$250.

1345. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1817. R-100.17. 0.9 gram. AVF with contrasting toning, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $125-$200.

Colombia (royalist)

1346. Cartagena, Colombia, “imitation cob” 1/2 real, 1347. Santa Marta, Colombia, copper 1/4 real, Ferdinand Ferdinand VII, (ca. 1815), extremely rare. R-108.2; KM-unlisted. monogram, off-center cross, 7-sided planchet, lustrous VF with rainbow toning, a distinctive Royalist issue formerly attributed to Salazar de las Palmas (Santander). Estimate: $500-$1,000.

0.9 gram. Full

VII, (1813). R-103.2. 3.8 grams. Bold F.VII on obverse and SM on reverse, dark-brown AVF with lightly pitted surfaces. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1348. Santa Marta, Colombia, copper 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1820. R-104.1. 2.0 grams. Choice strike, medium-brown XF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

239

Colombia (Republic of New Granada) 1349. Bogotá, Colombia, 2 reales, 1849. R-190.5. 4.9 grams. Nice XF with subtle toning and muted luster. Estimate: $30-$45.

Colombia (Republic of Colombia)

Colombia (United States of Colombia)

1350. Medellín, Colombia, 5 decimos, 1881, “square head” variety (rare 1-year type). R-300.1; KM-161.3. 12.1 grams. Richly rainbow-toned AXF with very slightly grainy surfaces (as made).Estimate: $150-$225.

1353. Medellín, Colombia, 5 decimos, 1887, 2/inverted 2 and 5/inverted 5 in legend, rare. R-400.1b; KM-165. 12.4 grams. Choice XF for type, lustrous and lightly rainbowtoned. Estimate: $250-$375.

1351. Medellín, Colombia, 5 decimos, 1886, 4 stars in reverse legend, LEI (not LEV), 0.500/0.835, rare. R-301.3a; KM-161.2c. 12.6 grams. Lightly rainbow-toned AXF. Estimate: $500-$750.

1354. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1908, rare grade and quality of strike, 3-year type. R-413.5; KM-186.2. 12.8 grams. Lustrous AU+, deeply rainbow-toned. Pedigreed to the Pittman collection (lot 3480). Estimate: $100-$150.

1355. Study set of 6 Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 19471948 (most with overdates). R-419; KM-209. All XF-UNC, problem-free and mostly lightly toned, including all major varieties for the 2-year type, great lot for the advanced collector of the rich Colombian “half dollar” series. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

1352. Lot of 4 copper-nickel 1-1/4 centavos, 1874, struck in England (Heaton) for Colombia. R-245.1; KM-173.

5.9 g rams total. All lustrous Mint State. Estimate: $100-$150.

240

Costa Rica

1356. Costa Rica, 2 reales counterstamp (Type V), 1846-JB, on Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales of 1739?V, scarce. KM-55. 6.5 grams. Fully

detailed counterstamp (Fine) on a well-worn (Good) host that shows a clear cross and just enough of the pillars to identify the period, deeply toned and holed at very edge. Estimate: $100-$150.

1357. Costa Rica, 2 reales counterstamp (Type V), 1846-JB, on Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales of 1731M, scarce. KM-54. 5.6 grams. Nearly full readable counterstamp (AVF), the host (VG) with clear date and assayer (especially scarce thus), richly toned, holed near edge. Estimate: $100-$150.

1358. Costa Rica, 2 reales counterstamp (Type V), 1846-JB, on Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales of 175(?)q, scarce. KM-54.

6.3 grams. Mostly bold counterstamp (Fine), well-worn (Good) host that shows the tops of the pillars and most of the date in addition to the cross on the other side, richly toned. Estimate: $125-$200.

1359. Costa Rica, 1 real counterstamp (Type IV), 1846-JB, on Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, scarce. KM-47. 3.3 grams. Fully readable counterstamp (Fine), the host nearly slick (About Good) but with full waves, richly toned, broad flan, with hole at edge. Estimate: $75-$100.

1360. Costa Rica, 1 real counterstamp (Type IV), 1846-JB, on Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, scarce. KM-47. 2.2 grams. Nearly full counterstamp (AVF), host coin slick and featureless, lightly rainbow toned. Estimate: $75-$100.

1361. Costa Rica, 1 real counterstamp (Type IV), 1846-JB, on Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, scarce. KM-47. 2.1 grams. Worn counterstamp (VG), host coin Fair with minimal detail, with light toning. Estimate: $60-$90.

1362. Costa Rica, 2 reales countermark (Type VI, 1857) on Great Britain shilling of 1816, George III, scarce. KM-93. 5.3 grams. Scarce

combination, the countermark full and XF grade, host coin non-toned Fine with light scratches. Estimate: $150-

$225.

1363. Costa Rica, 2 reales countermark (Type VI, 1857) on Great Britain shilling of 1846, Victoria, scarce. KM-94. 5.3 grams. Nearly

full and well-detailed countermark (VF), host VG, deeply rainbow-toned all over. Estimate: $125-$200.

1364. Costa Rica, 1 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1 real of 1831E. KM72. 2.9 grams. Full countermark (Fine) on a well-worn host (Good) with tiny hole at very edge, rainbow-toned. Estimate: $35$50.

1365. Costa Rica, 1 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1 real of 1849JB. KM-72a.

2.8 grams. Choice full countermark (VF) on a well-detailed host (nice Fine) with beautiful toning on fields. Estimate: $100-$150.

1366. Costa Rica, 1/2 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1/2 real of 1831F. KM67. 1.3 grams. Countermark incomplete but technically VF, the host coin nice Fine with very subtle toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

241

1367. Costa Rica, 1/2 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1/2 real of 1831E. KM-67. 1.4 grams. Deeply impressed but incomplete countermark (AVF), host nice About Fine with rosy red toning. Estimate: $30-$45.

1368. Costa Rica, 1/2 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Carrillo) 1/2 real of 1842MM. KM-69. 1.4 grams. Full and bold countermark (VF+), host bold Fine with hole at very edge, lightly toned. Estimate: $30-$45.

1369. Costa Rica, 1/2 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1/2 real of 1843M. KM-67. 1.3 grams. Full and deeply impressed countermark (AVF), host coin nice AVF with vivid rainbow toning. Estimate: $50-$75.

1370. Costa Rica, 1/2 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1/2 real of 1845B. KM-67. 1.4 grams. Full countermark and host (both AVF) but all crudely grainy (as made?), very lightly toned. Estimate: $35-$50.

1371. Costa Rica, 1/2 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1/2 real of 1848JB. KM-68. 1.4 grams. Choice specimen with very deep countermark and well-detailed host, VF overall, starting to tone. Estimate: $100-$150.

1372. Costa Rica, 1/2 real countermark (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1/2 real of 1849JB. KM-68. 1.4 grams. Very bold and deep countermark, nice host coin, AVF overall, with incipient toning. Estimate: $60$90.

Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #8 (fall, 2010), deadline August 1

1373. Lot of 4 Costa Rica, 1/2 real countermarks (Type VI, 1849) on Costa Rica (Central American Republic) 1/2 reales of 1846JB (CRESCA), 1847JB (2) and 1848JB. KM68. Decent coins, F-VF overall, no holes, great lot for study. Estimate: $70-$100.

1374. Costa Rica, 1/16 peso, 1855/0JB. KM-101. 1.5 grams. Beautifully toned XF. Estimate: $125-$200.

1375. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1865GW. grams. AVF

KM-112. 12.4

with colorful but uneven toning. Estimate: $50-

$75.

1376. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1866/5GW. KM-112. grams. Toned

Fine. Estimate: $45-$65.

1377. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1875GW. grams. Fine

$45.

242

12.4

KM-112. 12.3

with rosy copper toning all over. Estimate: $30-

1378. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1880GW. KM-124. 12.7 grams. Lightly cleaned XF-AU with minor rim-flaw. Estimate: $40-$60.

1379. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1886GW. KM-124. 12.4 grams. Lightly cleaned XF-AU, lustrous. Estimate: $40-$60.

1380. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1887GW. KM-124. 12.6 grams. Lustrous XF-AU, no toning. Estimate: $70-$100.

1381. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1890GW. KM-124. 12.7 grams. BU, probably the finest known specimen. Estimate: $350-$500.

1382. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1890GW. KM-124. 12.5 grams. Yellow-toned XF+ with old scratches. Estimate: $30-$45.

1383. Costa Rica, 25 centavos, 1864GW, small denomination. KM-105. 6.1 grams. Rainbow-toned AVF with crude rims (as made). Estimate: $70-$100.

1384. Costa Rica, 25 centavos, 1865GW, large denomination. KM-106. 6.4 grams. Faintly yellow-toned XF with crude rims (as made). Estimate: $300-$450.

1385. Costa Rica, 25 centavos, 1865GW, large denomination. KM-106. 6.0 grams. VF with vivid purple toning, crude rims (as made). Estimate: $30-$45.

1386. Costa Rica, 25 centavos, 1875GW. KM-106. 5.7 grams. Deeply rainbow-toned VF+. Estimate: $35-$50.

1387. Lot of 4 Costa Rica 25 centavos, 1886-7GW, including both major varieties (9Ds-GW and GW9Ds) for each date. KM-127.1 and 127.2. VF-XF with varying degrees of toning, all problem-free, great lot for study. Estimate: $100-$150.

243

1388. Costa Rica, 10 centavos, 1865GW, encapsulated NGC AU details excessive surface hairlines. KM-111. Lustrous Mint State with just a few minor hairlines, lightly toned, die-crack on obverse. Estimate: $350-$500.

1389. Costa Rica, 10 centavos, 1865GW. KM-111. 2.4 grams. Lightly toned UNC with very slightly crude edge. Estimate: $80$120.

1390. Costa Rica, 10 centavos, 1870GW. KM-111. 2.5 grams. Unevenly struck VF with crude edge (as made), rich rainbow toning. Estimate: $60-$90.

1391. Costa Rica, 10 centavos, 1887GW, encapsulated NGC MS-66. KM-126. Choice, lustrous, and lightly toned. Estimate: $500-$750.

1392. Costa Rica, 5 centavos, 1872GW, rare. KM-110. 1.2 grams. Lustrous XF with die-crack on reverse. Estimate: $600-$900.

1393. Costa Rica, pattern copper-nickel 1 centavo, 1892, encapsulated NGC MS-62. KM-PN6. Highly lustrous and beautifully struck. Estimate: $300-$450.

1394. Costa Rica, 50 centavos counterstamp (Type VII, 1889) on Medellín, Colombia, 5 decimos of 1881. KM-135.1. 11.8 grams. Full and well-detailed counterstamp (XF), host AVF with light rosy toning. Estimate: $70-$100.

1395. Costa Rica, 50 centavos counterstamp (Type VII, 1889) on Medellín, Colombia, 5 decimos of 1882. KM-135.1. 12.0 grams. Choice

full counterstamp (AU), host XF with lovely rainbow toning all over, terrific specimen of this interesting type. Estimate: $300-$450.

1396. Costa Rica, 50 centavos counterstamp (Type VII, 1889) on Medellín, Colombia, 5 decimos of 1883. KM-135.1. 11.9 grams. Full and well-detailed counterstamp (XF), AVF host with subtle toning. Estimate: $70-$100.

1397. Costa Rica, 50 centavos counterstamp (Type VII, 1889) on Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos of 1883. KM-134. 12.4 grams. Full and well-detailed counterstamp (XF), host coin AXF with incipient toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

1398. Costa Rica, 50 céntimos, 1902CY. KM-143. 9.9 g rams. AXF-AU, lustrous and starting to tone, with tiny nicks in rim. Estimate: $50-$75.

1399. Costa Rica, 50 céntimos, 1903JCV. KM-143. 10.0 grams. Lustrous AUUNC with subtle rainbow toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

244

Cuba

Dominican Republic (under Spain)

1405. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 1/4 1400. Cuba (Trinidad/Santiago/Principe), 2 reales, lattice real, Ferdinand VII (ca. 1810-20). KM-2. 5.5 grams. Unevenly countermark (1841) on a Madrid, Spain, milled 2 reales, 1776PJ (desirable date). KM-1.1. 5.4 grams. How’s this for a curious contradiction? A Spanish coin with a Cuban countermark with the date of US Independence! Nicely toned VG, with all important details clear. Estimate: $100-$150.

struck VG-F with bold crown and SD (weak F7), dark brown color. Estimate: $35-$50.

Ecuador

Danish West Indies

1401. Danish West Indies, 2 skillings, 1847, encapsulated PCGS MS-64. KM-18. Choice high grade with subtle blue-topurple toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

1402. Danish West Indies, 2 skillings, 1848, encapsulated NGC MS-65. KM-19. Near-perfect specimen with frosty luster. Estimate: $250-$375.

1406. Quito, Ecuador, 8 reales, “MDQ” countermark (Moneda de Quito, 1831) on a Bogotá, Colombia (Cundinamarca) 8 reales of 1821 rare. KM-10. 21.8 grams. Bold full countermark on host coin that is no better than Good, yet with bold legends, toned, with crude rim and centers as usual, popular type as effectively the first “crown” of Ecuador. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

1403. Danish West Indies, 20 cents, 1862, encapsulated NGC AU-53. KM-67. Deeply toned and with just enough wear in the hair to miss Mint State. Estimate: $125-$200.

1407. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1849GJ. KM-33. 6.9 grams. Nice VF, toned all over (dark in places). Estimate: $70-$100.

1408. Ecuador (struck

1404. Danish West Indies, 20 cents, 1905. KM-79. grams. Lustrous UNC with very subtle yellow toning.

$125-$200.

5.0

Estimate:

in Philadelphia), 2 decimos, 1895, Mint State. KM-51.4.

4.9 grams. Frosty and lustrous, no toning. Estimate: $25-$40.

245

1409. Ecuador (struck in Philadelphia), 1 decimo, 1916, encapsulated NGC MS62. KM-50.5. Lustrous and choice, no toning. Estimate: $100-$120.

1410. Ecuador (struck in Lima), 1/2 decimo, 19/802JF, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-55.1. Interesting issue with LIMA at bottom of reverse, lustrous and non-toned, with clear 9/8 overdate not mentioned in slab. Estimate: $60-$80.

1411. Ecuador, clad steel 1 sucre, 1980, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-78b. Essentially UNC but with too many marks in fields to make Mint State, nice luster, underpriced in KM. Estimate: $40-$60.

El Salvador

1412. El Salvador, provisional 2 reales, 1828F, rare. KM-5.1. 4.3 grams. Unevenly struck AVF but with all important details clear (bold date) and with contrasting toning, some old scratches, very competent example of a rarely seen type. Estimate: $500$750.

1413. El Salvador, 1 real, arms countermark (Type V, 1868) on obverse of a Mexico 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,� oM to left, O to right (scarce combination). KM-50. 2.4 grams. Interesting occurrence of a countermark applied to a 300-year-old coin, with only the left half of the mark visible (but very well-detailed, call it AVF), the host coin worn (VG) but with full shield and assayer and nearly full motto on the pillars side, holed at very edge, nicely toned. Estimate: $60-$90.

1414. El Salvador, 5 centavos, 1892-CAM, Mint State. KM-109. 1.3 grams. Lustrous, with interesting die-error on reverse (denomination over remnant of wreath). Estimate: $50-$75.

France

1415. France (Paris mint), 1/2 ecu, Louis XIV, 1691-A. KM-273.1. 13.3 grams. Richly old-toned VF with weak centers, popular issue. Estimate: $250-$375.

1416. France (Metz mint), 1/2 ecu, Louis XIV, 1695-AA, struck over earlier issue. KM-295.2. 13.1. grams. Crude in appearance due to the fact that so much of the under-coin is visible, particularly around the edge, but also somewhat worn (Fine) and with hairline scratches on bust, contrasting toning around letters. Estimate: $100-$150.

246

French colonial 1417. French Republic, 3 sols 9 deniers, “RF” (Republique Francaise) countermark (1790s) on a French colonies bronze 12 deniers of 1767, Louis XV. 11.0 grams. Bold countermark (VF) in center of well-detailed but worn (VG-F) host, nicely toned, with edge-split due to the countermark, popular issue for the French possessions in the Caribbean (Martinique, Guadeloupe, etc., but also what is now known as Haiti) marked by the new Republic. Estimate: $60-$90.

Great Britain

1418. London, England, shilling, Elizabeth I (fifth issue, 1582-1600), bell mintmark. S-2577. 6.1 grams. Rainbow-toned AVF, the bust typically weak and worn but the legends bold and colorful. Estimate: $100-$150.

1419. London, England, shilling, Charles I (Tower mint, 1625-43), portcullis mintmark (1633-4) S-2789; KM-105. 5.9 grams. Choice AVF with attractive toning all over, good portrait and some bold legends. Estimate: $75-$110.

1420. London, England, shilling, Charles I (Tower mint, 1625-43), triangle-in-circle mintmark (1641-3). S-2793; KM-101.

6.1 grams. Lightly

toned, AXF obverse with typically lightly struck portrait, AVF reverse, uneven legends. Estimate: $125-$200.

1421. London, England, sixpence, Charles I (Tower mint, 1625-43), portcullis mintmark (1633-4). S-2811; KM-95. 2.7 grams. Crisply

detailed VF, nicely toned, most of the legends bold. Estimate: $50-$75.

1422. London, England, sixpence, Charles I (Tower mint, 1625-43), “Aberystwyth bust,” anchor mintmark (16389). S-2814; KM-96. 2.6 grams. Well-detailed bust with bold denomination, richly toned AVF, some bold legends. Estimate: $50-$75.

1423. London, England, shilling, 1746, with LIMA below bust of George II as struck from silver captured from the Spanish off the coast of Peru. S-3703A; KM-583.2. 6.0 grams. Nice VF, toned around legends, popular type. Estimate: $125$200.

1424. London, England, shilling, 1787, George III. S-3746; KM-607.2. 6.0 grams. Lightly cleaned AU-UNC, lustrous and attractive. Estimate: $60-$90.

247

1425. Great Britain (Soho mint), copper “cartwheel� twopence, 1797. S-3776; KM-619. 55.3 grams. Massive coin, dark-toned Fine with rim-bruise, popular issue. Estimate: $100-$150.

1426. Great Britain (Soho mint), copper halfpenny, 1799. S-3778; KM-647. 12.0 grams. VF+ with minor surface corrosion, bright copper color, insignificant rim-bruises. Estimate: $50-$75.

Guatemala (colonial)

1427. Guatemala, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1794M, Mint State. CT-917; KM-51. 6.7 grams. Highly lustrous and choice (our guess would be MS-62), very well struck and lovely. Estimate: $600-$900.

1428. Lot of 2 Guatemala bust 2R of Charles IV: 1791M and 1796M. CT-914 & 919; KM-51. 13.0 grams total. The earlier coin VG graffiti in field but the later coin XF with a couple hairline scratches, both nicely toned. Estimate: $50-$75.

1429. Guatemala, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1796. CT-1360;

KM-59. 0.8 gram.

Nicely toned AU with slightly crude rims (as

made). Estimate: $100-$150.

1430. Guatemala, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1796. CT-1360; KM-59. 0.7 gram. AVF with weak rims, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1431. Guatemala, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821. CT-1446; KM-72. 0.8 gram. Choice BU, lustrous and perfect, subtly toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

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Guatemala (colonial)

1432. Guatemala, sun-over-mountains countermark (Type II, 1839) on Mexican cob 8 reales of Philip V (assayer not visible). KM-105.2. 26.7 grams. Long and typically “wristwatch”-shaped host with good cross and some shield with bold denomination to right, About Fine with dark toning in crevices, the countermark AVF and fully detailed and toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

1433. Guatemala, sun-over-mountains countermark (Type II, 1839) on Guatemala cob 8 reales, 1752J. KM-102. 26.8 grams. Choice host coin, lightly toned AXF (exceptional grade for this type) with full and bold date and mintmark and assayer and king’s ordinal VI, perfectly rectangular and holed as usual, the countermark crude VF with die-breaks. Estimate: $350-$500.

Guatemala (Central American Republic)

1434. Guatemala, 8 reales, 1824M. KM-4. 26.9 grams. Lustrous 1436. Guatemala, 8 reales, 1846/2AE/MA, with Z/S in and attractive XF+ with subtle toning, old scratch on rays, first date of issue. Estimate: $350-$500.

CREZCA. KM-4. 26.9 grams. Lustrous but lightly cleaned AU, no problems. Estimate: $500-$750.

1435. Guatemala, 8 reales, 1840MA. KM-4. 27.0 grams. Lustrous 1437. Guatemala, 8 reales, 1847A. KM-4. 26.8 grams. XF with and high grade (AU obverse, XF reverse) but lightly cleaned and with old scratch on ground below tree. Estimate: $200$300.

minor rim-bruise, once lightly cleaned but now attractively toned. Estimate: $125-$200.

249

1438. Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1837-G. KM-1. 0.8 gram. Choice Mint State, fully lustrous and perfectly struck. Estimate: $40-$60.

1439. Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1837-G. KM-1. 0.8 gram. Choice Mint State, fully lustrous and perfectly struck. Estimate: $40-$60.

Guatemala (Republic)

1440. Guatemala, 1/4 real, 1861. KM-130. 0.8 gram. Mint State, lustrous and lightly rainbow-toned. Estimate: $25-$40.

1441. Guatemala (struck in Philadelphia), 25 centavos, 1943, rare grade. KM-253. 8.4 grams. BU with very faint incipient toning around rims. Estimate: $40-$60.

1442. Guatemala, copper 1 centavo, 1925, 1-year type. KM-237. 3.1 grams. Lustrous UNC with mostly bright copper color. Estimate: $25-$40.

Haiti 1443. Haiti (State of North Haiti), 7 sols 6 deniers, 1809, rare. KM-3.

1.4 grams. Nice Fine+ with subtle toning, popular issue under the Christophe

administration. Estimate: $125-$200.

1444. Haiti, 10 centimes, 1887. KM-44. 2.5 grams. AU-UNC, lustrous and starting to tone. Estimate: $35-$50.

Honduras (provisional)

1445. Honduras (Tegucigalpa or León), contemporary counterfeit “imitation cob” 1 real, (1824). 2.7 grams. Typically crude but with full cross and top of pillars side showing P-VI on top line and VI again in middle (meaning unknown), recognized by an expert in the field as a circulating imitation of the official Honduran issues of 1824 (which themselves were imitating earlier Peruvian cobs), this specimen AVF and lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100$150.

1446. Tegucigalpa, Honduras, “imitation cob” 1/2 real, (1823-24). KM-7.1. 1.3 grams. Full and bold monogram but offcenter enough to put the date off the flan, full cross-lionscastles, toned Fine with grainy surfaces. Estimate: $200-$300.

250

Hungary 1447. Budapest, Hungary, proof copper-nickel 100 forint, Simon Bolívar, 1983-BP, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KM-632. Near-perfect proof, popular with Latin Americans for its portrait of Simon Bolívar. Estimate: $40-$60.

Italy (under Spain) India (Portuguese)

1449. Milan, Italy (under Spain), ducatone, Philip II, 1448. Portuguese India, rupia, 1912/1, rare overdate. KM- 1582. Davenport-8309. 29.0 grams. Choice bold AXF with beautiful 18. 11.6 grams. Lustrous but lightly cleaned AXF, starting to tone

nicely. Estimate: $100-$150.

details, steel-g ray toning all over, impressive early specimen. Estimate: $500-$750.

Japan 1450. Lot of four 1 yen of the late 1800s to early 1900s. 108.5 grams total. All cleaned AU-UNC, common crown-size coins in 0.900 silver. Estimate: $70-$100.

Malta (Knights of St. John) 1451. Order of Malta (Knights of St. John), countermark of three fleurs-de-lis in shield (Alof de Wignacourt, 1601-22) on a Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1599. 25.9 grams.

By the mid-1600s the Dutch lion daalder had become the preferred trading coin in the eastern Mediterranean, and in order to certify genuine examples from fakes seized from Turkish vessels, the Grand Master of Malta ordered a countermark with his arms (three fleursde-lis) to be stamped on the good coins, a somewhat rare and popular issue in today’s market. The host coin is Fine, with weak spots but clear details all over, lightly toned, with what appears to be a small (old) test mark near the edge to further attest to its history. Estimate: $500-$750.

251

SESSION III: Friday, April 9, 2:00 pm EDT Mexico (colonial)

1452. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1737MF. KM-103; CT-781. 26.9 grams. Choice XF+ with lovely toning all over, scarce as non-salvage, very attractive and problem-free. Estimate: $350-$500.

1454. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1770FM. KM-105; CT-912. 26.7 grams. Nice VF+ with full rims and good toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

1453. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1455. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1753MF, with New South Wales (Australia) attempted countermark in center (“holey dollar”). KM-104.1; CT-329. 26.7 grams. This fascinating coin had us and Mark really excited, for the center of it, while not holed, bears remnants of the markings of the famous Australian “holey dollar” of 1813 (made from Spanish colonial pillar and bust 8R that were holed in and stamped around the center), effectively Australia’s first official dollar coin and, as such, worth tens or even hundreds of thousands of dollars! Naturally it is a highly counterfeited type, so after Mark’s death we decided to send this coin to the two top experts in Australia for their opinion, hoping they would agree that this was a sort of “failed” holing and countermarking.

Unfortunately, close (and lengthy) scrutiny revealed that the markings on this coin match a series of fakes made in 1986 in Manila. Oh well! The host coin at least is genuine, a bold and lightly toned VF, with a hairline edge-split where the attempted holing/marking broke the planchet, but no other problems.

We are pretty sure you will never see another coin like this, whether you want to or not! Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-up.

1770FM. KM-105; CT-912. 26.8 grams. Lustrous VF+, nice strike, no toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

1456. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1734/ 3MF, rare. KM-84; CT-1277. 6.3 grams. Clear overdate, bold VF+ with very light surface corrosion, nice toning around legends. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1457. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1743M. KM-85; CT1294. 5.5 grams. Darkly toned VF with small pieces of edge c o r r o d e d away. Estimate: $50-$75.

252

Busts

1458. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1749M, re-engraved o in mintmark. KM-86.1; CT-489. 6.6 grams. Off-center AVF with rich rainbow toning all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1464. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1772FM, initials facing rim. KM-69.1; CT-1762. 27.0 grams. Bold XF, lightly cleaned but starting to re-tone nicely around the rims. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1459. Lot of 3 Mexican pillar minors, all Fine: 2R 1752M, 1R 1765M, 1/2 real 1760M. 11.4 grams. F-VF on average, the 2 smaller coins richly toned. Estimate: $60-$90.

1465. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1773FM. KM-69.2; CT-1765. 26.8 grams. Deeply toned AVF with some minor areas of soft strike and faint adjustment marks. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1460. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1 real, Charles III, 1762M. KM-77; CT-1542. 3.2 grams. Bold XF+, possibly lightly cleaned at one point but now nicely toned and lustrous. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1461. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1737MF. KM-65; CT-1861. 1.7 grams. Bold and lustrous XF+ with a few minor marks but nicely struck. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1466. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1462. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI,

1775FM. KM-69.2; CT-1767. 26.8 grams. Bold AXF with minor rimbr uises and scratches on obverse, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1752M. KM-67.1; CT-665. 1.7 grams. Lustrous XF with lovely rainbow toning, nice strike. Pedigr eed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1463. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1758M. KM-67.2; CT-673. 1.7 grams. Attractively toned AXF, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

253

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1467. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1776FM, desirable date. KM-69.2; CT-1768. 26.8 grams. Toned AVF, slightly crude rims (as made), popular as the date of US independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80$120.

1468. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1778FF. KM-69.2; CT-1770. 26.9 grams. Lustrous XF+ with faint incipient toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1469. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780FF. KM-69.2; CT-1772. 26.9 grams. Richly toned AXF with a couple small rim-nicks, very attractive. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1470. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1781FF. KM-69.2; CT-1773. 26.9 grams. Lightly cleaned XF, lustrous, with rainbow toning here and there. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1471. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1782FF. KM-69.2; CT-1774. 26.9 grams. Highly lustrous AU, lightly cleaned but starting to retone around rims. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1472. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-69.2; CT-1775. 26.9 grams. Lustrous VF+, lightly cleaned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

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254

1473. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1476. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV 1786FM. KM-69.2; CT-1779. 26.6 grams. AU+ with rich rainbow toning, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789FM. KM107; CT-681. 26.4 grams. Nicely toned Fine+. Estimate: $100-$150.

1477. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV 1474. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789FM. KM1787FM. KM-69.2; CT-1780. 26.8 grams. Richly old-toned AVF, no problems, natural stress lines in neck. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

107; CT-681. 26.7 grams. XF

with muted luster under colorful toning, stress marks in head, die-crack on reverse, slightly weak centers. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1475. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1478. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV 1788FM. KM-69.2; CT-1781. 27.1 grams. Bold BU, highly lustrous, very lightly cleaned, odd countermark or graffito “V� on cheek. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IIII), 1790FM. KM108; CT-683. 26.8 grams. Lustrous VF, subtly toned, obverse slightly off-center, one-year type with old bust but correct new ordinal. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

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255

1479. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

1482. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

1795FM. KM-109; CT-689. 26.7 grams. Broad-flan XF+, lustrous but ver y lightly cleaned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1799FM. KM-109; CT-694. 27.1 grams. Lustrous AU+ with uneven rainbow toning, no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.

1483. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1480. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1797FM. KM-109; CT-691. 27.0 grams. Nicely toned AXF, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

1801FT/FM. KM-109; CT-697. 27.0 grams. Lustrous XF, very lightly cleaned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100$150.

1481. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

1484. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

1797FM. KM-109; CT-691. 26.9 grams. Lightly cleaned XF+, starting to tone in center of reverse. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1802FT. 27.1 grams. Highly lustrous Mint State with faint peripheral toning, a few incidental contact marks in the fields. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

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256

1487. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1804TH. KM-109; CT-701. 26.8 grams. Richly toned AXF with slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $80-$120.

1485. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1802FT, mounted in the bowl of a silver ladle with handle made of whale baleen, manufactured by Harris and Shafer. KM-109; CT-698. 106 grams, 12-1/2" long. Curious, late 19thcentury antique featuring a genuine coin (XF details) permanently but tastefully integrated into a sterling silver ladle with maker’s name stamped in back, the handle a twisted, dark stick of whale baleen, perfectly intact. Estimate: $150-$275.

1488. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1804TH. KM-109; CT-701. 26.9 grams. VF+ with minor rim flaws, nicely toned. Estimate: $75-$110.

1489. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1805TH. KM-109; CT-703. 26.8 grams. Lustrous AU with faint toning, ver y lightly cleaned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1486. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1804TH. KM-109; CT-701. 26.9 grams. Lustrous AU, no toning but no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125$200.

257

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1490. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV,

1493. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII,

1806TH. KM-109; CT-705. 27.0 grams. Lustrous XF with odd dieerror or partial brockage in front of neck, slightly crude rims (as made), deeply toned all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1811HJ. KM-110; CT-545. 27.0 grams. Highly lustrous AU with planchet flaws at top left on obverse and in rim. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1494. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1491. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (“armored bust”), 1809TH. KM-110; CT-539. 27.0 grams. Highly lustrous Mint State, no toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1821JJ. KM-111; CT-565. 26.9 grams. Bold AVF, moderately cleaned. Estimate: $50-$75.

1495. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1774FM. KM-97.2; CT-1136. 13.3 grams. Broad-flan VF, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1492. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (“armored bust”), 1810/09HJ. KM-110; CT-542.

VF with crude rims (including small lacuna). Estimate: $100-$150.

26.7 grams.

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1496. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1500. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1776FM, desirable date. KM-97.2; CT-1138. 13.2 grams. Fine+ with subtle toning all over, broad flan, popular as the date of US independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150$225.

1783FF. KM-97.2; CT-1145. 13.3 grams. Fine+ with tiny spots of toning and very slight pitting. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1501. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1497. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1784FF. KM-97.2; CT-1146. 13.6 grams. Nice Fine+ with slightly 1778FF. KM-97.2; CT-1140. 13.1. grams. Fine with beautiful contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

crude rim (as made), light but colorful toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1502. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1786FM. KM-97.2a; CT-1149. 13.1 grams. Richly toned AVF with

1498. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, slightly crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir 1779FF. KM-97.2; CT-1141. 13.0 grams. Fine, very lightly toned, broad flan. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60$90.

collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1499. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1781FF, rare date. KM-97.2; CT-1143. 13.4 grams. Lightly rosetoned VF with tiny chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

259

1503. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1772FM, initials facing rim. KM-88.1; CT-1337. 6.9 grams. Broad-flan VF+ with elegant rainbow toning all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1504. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1773FM, initials facing rim. KM-88.1; CT-1338. 6.7 grams. Lustrous AU- with choice rainbow toning in periphery, very light adjustment marks on bust. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1505. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1776FM, desirable date. KM-88.2; CT-1343. 6.7 grams. Nice VF with golden toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1506. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1778/7FF. KM-88.2; CT-unlisted. 6.7 grams. Scarce overdate (unlisted in CT), VF with choice contrasting toning, minor rim-bruise. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1507. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1782FF. KM-88.2; CT-1349. 6.7 grams. Nice XF, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1508. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1808TH. KM-91; CT-1003. 6.7 grams. Vividly rainbow-toned VF with slightly crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1509. Lot of 6 Mexican bust minors: 2R 1803FT, 1R 1783FF, 1/2R 1772FM, 1/2R 1779FF, 1/2R 1794FM, and 1/2R 1810TH. 16.0 grams total. All About Fine or better, toned, no problems. Estimate: $40-$60.

1510. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1781FF. KM-78.2; CT-1563. 3.3 grams. Broad-flan VF+ with minor natural rim-flaw, lustrous and lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $25-$40.

1511. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1800FM. KM-81; CT-1146. 3.3 grams. Lightly toned XF, choice strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1512. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1801FM. KM-81; CT-1147. 3.3 grams. Wellstruck XF with attractive toning, a couple minor die-breaks. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

260

1513. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1772FM, initials facing rim. KM-69.1; CT-1762. 1.6 grams. Nicely toned VF, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

1514. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1772FF, rare muling. KM-69.2; CT-1764. 1.7 grams. Richly old-toned VF+, later-assayer issue using old obverse die. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection, and pedigreed to the Viceroy Amat collection (Ponterio, March 8, 1991, lot #417), with lot-tag. Estimate: $60-$90.

1515. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1773FM. KM-69.2; CT-1765. 1.7 grams. Deeply toned XF+. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1516. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1776FM, desirable date. KM-69.2; CT-1768. 1.6 grams. VF, nicely toned, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1517. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1781FF. KM-69.2; CT-1773.

1.7 grams. Lustrous

AU+ with incipient

toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1518. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-69.2; CT-1775. 1.7 grams. Nicely toned AXF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1519. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV, 1800FM. KM-72; CT-1294. 1.7 grams. Lustrous AU- with toned peripheries. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1520. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821JJ. KM-74; CT-1353. 1.6 grams. Problem-free AXF, lightly toned all over. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1521. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1799/8. KM-62; CT-1398. 0.8 gram. Deeply toned UNC, no luster but also no wear, bold overdate. Estimate: $100-$150.

1522. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1813. KM-62; CT-1470. 0.9 gram. Lustrous and frosty Mint State. Estimate: $100-$150.

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261

Mexico (War of Independence), featuring the John Pullin collection Chihuahua

1526. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, 1523. Chihuahua, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1816RP. KM-111.1; CT-394. 27.3 grams. Richly toned VF, typically crude. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1524. Chihuahua, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818RP. KM-111.1; CT-396. 24.8 grams. AVF, toned around details, crude strike as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of November 9, 2004 (lot #891), with lot-tag. Estimate: $150-$225.

Ferdinand VII, 1813RM. KM-111.2; CT-410. 23.8 grams. Crude VG, about half of it flat, but with clear date and mintmark, ver y light toning only. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1527. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814MZ, very rare with “armored� bust. KM-111.2; CT-407. 26.5 grams. About Fine for type, with subtle toning, but most of the coin flat as weakly struck, which is typical, still with clear date and mintmark and assayer. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

Durango

1525. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales,

1528. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales,

Ferdinand VII, 1812RM. KM-111.2; CT-409. 24.9 grams. Nicely toned VF with very weak centers, crude strike as usual, unusually large (unofficial) bust. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

Ferdinand VII, 1815MZ. KM-111.2; CT-413. 26.8 grams. VF for type with weak centers, lightly toned, less crude than earlier issues. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

262

1533. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, 1529. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1816MZ. KM-111.2; CT-414. 25.5 grams. VF for type, bold details, crude rims as made. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

Ferdinand VII, 1820CG. KM-111.2; CT-421. 27.2 grams. XF for issue (rare grade), beautifully toned, off-center strike. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1534. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, 1530. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818RM. KM-111.2; CT-417. 26.4 grams. Variety with small bust, VF+ for issue with some weak spots, nicely toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

Ferdinand VII, 1821CG. KM-111.2; CT-422. 26.9 grams. Nicely struck VF+, lustrous but very lightly cleaned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1535. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales,

1531. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales,

Ferdinand VII, 1822CG. KM-111.2; CT-424. 26.6 grams. VF+ for type, with muted luster under faint rainbow toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

Ferdinand VII, 1818CG/RM. KM-111.2; CT-418. 26.6 grams. Fine+ for issue, bold date and over-assayer (scarce), lightly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #542), with lot-tag. Estimate: $200-$300.

1532. Durango, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1819CG. KM-111.2; CT-420. 27.5 grams. VF for issue with weak centers, nice rims, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

263

Guadalajara

1539. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 1536. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813MR. KM-111.3; CT-434. 27.0 grams. Bold VF+, struck off-center and with a couple weak and pitted areas but with nice contrasting toning, possible 3/ 2. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

reales, Ferdinand VII, 1815MR. KM-111.3; CT-439. 26.8 Choice VF-XF, lustrous and lightly rainbowtoned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

grams.

1540. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 8

1537. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813MR. KM-111.3; CT-434. 26.0 grams. Crude VF for type with very bold details, contrasting toning, off-center strike, also with curious raised double-line border just inside the reverse legend that appears to be from a damaged die, possible 3/2 date. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818FS. KM-111.3; CT-440. 26.9 grams. Choice VF+ with full details all over, dark contrasting toning, nice rims, much less crude than earlier issues. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1541. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821FS, 1-over-2 fleurs-de-lis in center, rare. KM-111.3; CT-448. 26.3 grams. Very richly rainbowtoned VF+ for issue, quite vivid, with clear error in center of shield. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1538. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814MR. KM-111.3; CT-438. 26.6.

XF, attractively toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

grams. Nice

264

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1545. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 4 1542. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821FS. KM-111.3; CT-445. 26.9 grams. Choice XF, lustrous and lightly rainbow-toned, nice rims. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814MR, large bust. KM-102.3; CT-718.

12.9 grams. AVF for type, richly toned, with rim-bruises. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1546. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1815MR. KM-102.2; CT-719. 13.2 g rams. Deeply toned AVF, nor mal (small) bust, nice strike. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1543. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1822FS. KM-111.3; CT-447. 26.9 Choice XF+, beautiful strike, problem-free and contrastingly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225. grams.

1547. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814/2MR. KM-93.2; CT-872. 6.1 grams. Fine with very weak centers but nice rims, rosy toning, a few old marks, clear overdate. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1544. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814MR, rare variety of bust. KMfor type, with muted luster under faint toning, off-center obverse, variety of medium-large bust without berries in hair. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

102.4; CT-718. 12.5 grams. AXF

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1548. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821FS, rare. KM-93.2; CT-875. 6.5 grams. Nice VF+ with light reddish toning, much neater than previous issues. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #550), with lottag. Estimate: $350-$500.

265

1549. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1814MR, rare. KM-83.2; CT-1106. 3.1 grams. Nice VF+ for type, bold details, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1550. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1815MR, rare. KM-83.2; CT-1107. 3.0 grams. Fully detailed VF for the type, very lightly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of November 9, 2004 (lot #892), with lot-tag. Estimate: $500-$750.

1551. Guadalajara, Mexico (War of Independence), 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1814MR. KM-74.2; CT-1277. 1.6 grams. Fine but with bold centers, typically crude. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $80$120.

1553. Guanajuato, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821JM. KM-111.4; CT-453. 26.7 grams. Lightly cleaned AXF with scratches in field in front of bust, much neater than earlier issues. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

Guanajuato 1554. Guanajuato, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1822JM. KM-111.4; CT-454. 27.5. grams. Nicely toned AXF with full details. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1552. Guanajuato, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 1555. Guanajuato, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813JJ. KM-111.4; CT-450. 26.8 grams. VF+, reverse off-center and centrally weak, lightly toned, some peripheral luster. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #559), with lot-tag. Estimate: $400-$600.

reales, Ferdinand VII, 1822JM. KM-93.3; CT-878. 6.6 grams. VF+, faintly toned with hint of luster. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

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Oaxaca (SUD/Morelos)

Zacatecas

1556. Oaxaca (SUD/Morelos), Mexico, copper 2 reales, 1811, rare. KM-226.1; CT-959. 5.8 grams. Lightly corroded AVF, bits of original copper color. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1559. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1811-LVO, provisional issue. KM-190; CT-680.

27.9 grams. Choice AXF with nearly full details, light contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 13-14, 2006 (lot #1471), with lot-tag. Estimate: $300-$450.

1557. Oaxaca (SUD/Morelos), Mexico, silver 2 reales, 1812, rare. KM-229; CT-957. 6.7 grams. Bold VF+, nice toning, sediment on fields and very slight surface granularity. Estimate: $250-$375.

Sombrerete

1560. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1811, provisional issue. KM-191; CT-680. 28.0 grams. Typically crude, the obverse Fine, reverse VF, but both sides with areas of weak strike, very tops of digits of date visible, nice toning around the prominent details. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1558. Sombrerete

(Vargas), Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1812, colonial edge. KM-177. ; CT-651. 25.0 grams. Bold and lightly toned VF with adjustment marks and edge flaws, typically crude strike, but very nice for the issue, in fact described by Long as the “best strike that I’ve ever seen” and “a real prize,” interestingly with 8 and R at 9 and 3 o’clock respectively, outside the part of the design that is normally seen. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Richard Long auction of June 7, 2005 (lot #255). Estimate: $500-$750.

1561. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1812, provisional issue. KM-191; CT-681. 25.1 grams. Toned VG with full date and part of mint name, typically crude. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

267

1562. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813FP. KM-111.5; CT-683. 23.3 grams. VG with flat centers, nice legends and rims, a few nicks and scratches. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1563. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814FP. KM-111.5; CT-684. 25.6 grams. Deeply rainbow-toned VG+, unevenly struck but with clear date and mintmark and assayer. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

1565. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1815AG. KM-111.5; CT-686. 25.0 grams. Unevenly struck VG+, deeply toned, crude as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1566. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1816AG, no dot or space between DEI and GRATIA. KM-111.5; CT-687. 25.4 grams. Lustrous XF for type, lightly toned all over, only slightly crude. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1564. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814AG. KM-111.5; CT-685. 25.3 grams. Richly toned VF with weak bust and crown, some luster in legends. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #594), with lottag. Estimate: $250-$375.

1567. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1816AG. KM-111.5; CT-687. 25.1 grams. Bold VF with weak centers but nice rims, richly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

268

1568. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, 1571. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1817AG. KM-111.5; CT-688. 25.2 grams. XF with lovely rainbow toning, scratch in front of face. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

Ferdinand VII, 1819AG. KM-111.5; CT-690. 25.6 grams. XF for type with flat centers, subtle rainbow toning, off-center reverse. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1569. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales,

1572. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1820AG. KM-111.5; CT-695. 25.7 grams. Deeply toned XF for type with spot of patina, much nicer than earlier issues. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

Ferdinand VII, 1818AG, no dot or space between DEI and GRATIA, mintmark to left of pillar. KM-111.5; CT-689. 24.6 grams. Bold VF with weak centers but nice rims, lightly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1570. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818AG, mintmark below pillar, rare variety. KM-111.5; CT-unlisted (cf. 689). 24.9 grams. Fine+ but with relatively even strike, no toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1573. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1820RG, variety with dots in legend over the columns. KM-111.5; CT-696. 26.1 grams. Choice XF for type, large flan, very subtle toning, some dark sediment in crevices. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

269

1577. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales,

1574. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821AZ/RG, rare over-assayer and grade. KM-111.5; CT-unlisted. 26.4 grams. Lustrous AU+ with subtle toning, very attractive. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $250-$375.

Ferdinand VII, 1811-LVO, provisional issue, date at 6 o’clock. KM-187; CT-1064. 6.2 grams. Deeply toned VF+ on a large flan, all elements bold, the obverse struck slightly off-center, with non-toned spot in center, with a few minor marks. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #580), with lot-tag. Estimate: $250-$375.

1578. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1811-LVO, provisional issue, date at 7 o’clock. KM-187; CT-1064. 6.1 grams. Richly toned Fine, no problems. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $150$225.

1575. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821AZ. KM-111.5; CT-699. 26.1 grams. Richly toned XF, no problems save for the remains of a fingerprint in the toning on the bust. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1579. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales,

1576. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1822RG. KM-111.5; CT-700. 26.1 grams. Lustrous AU, beautiful strike, no toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #598), with lot-tag. Estimate: $150-$225.

Ferdinand VII, 1812, provisional issue. KM-188; CT-1066. 5.3 grams. Unevenly struck Fine for issue, with bold date and ZACATECAS legend but centers very weak, lightly toned all over, some old scratches, crude as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1580. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814AG. KM-92.1; CT1068. 5.3 grams. Bold Fine+ for issue, with nice full legends but inner details weaker and harshly scratched and dented, crudely holed at top, silvery, crude as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

270

1581. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1816AG. KM-92.1; CT-1070. 6.0 grams. Nice VF+ for issue with contrasting toning, neater style than most, with old rim-bump. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $50$75.

1582. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1817AG. KM-92.1; CT-1071. 5.9 grams. Fine for issue with lots of weak strike but date and mintmark and denomination and assayer all clear, toned around details, a few pits on reverse (one large), crude as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1583. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818AG, large armored bust. KM-92.1; CT1072. 7.3 grams. Crude Fine+ for issue, off-center obverse, partially weak strike, some porosity and marks, no toning, typically crude. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1584. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1819AG. KM-93.4; CT-1076. 6.3 grams. Nice AXF for issue (much neater style than earlier) with slightly weak bust, bold legends, good rims, very faint toning and luster. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1585. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1820AG. KM-93.4; CT-1078. 5.7 grams. Toned AVF for issue, lightly toned, weak around rims. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1586. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821AG. KM-93.4; CT-1079. 6.3 grams. Nice VF for issue, with muted luster and toning (lightly cleaned), off-center strike. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1587. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821RG. KM-93.4; CT-1080. 6.5 grams. Fine+ for issue with faint original luster, lightly toned all over, crude rims as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1588. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821AZ/RG. KM-93.4; CT-unlisted. 6.3 grams. Fine for issue with very weak bust, toned elsewhere and even lustrous in legends. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $30$45.

1589. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821AZ. KM-93.4; CT-1081. 6.4 grams. AXF for issue, once lightly cleaned but now with nice toning on fields. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1590. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1822RG. KM-93.4; CT-1083. 7.0 grams. AVF for issue, lightly toned, good details but crude rims as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

271

1591. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1811, provisional issue. KM-185; CT-1241. 3.2 grams. Richly toned AXF for issue with nicely detailed obverse, large but stable planchet flaw (lamination) on reverse. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #584), with lot-tag. Estimate: $150-$225.

1592. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1812, provisional issue. KM-185; CT-1242. 2.9 grams. Fine+ for issue, typically crude and unevenly struck, but with bold date and mint name highlighted by contrasting toning, slightly off-center. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1597. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1820RG. KM-83.3; CT-1253. 3.2 grams. AVF for issue, broad flan, cr udely toned, crude rims, old scratches. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1598. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821RG. KM-83.3; CT-1255. 2.9 grams. Nice AVF for issue with elegantly toned and slightly lustrous legends, crude rims as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40$60.

1599. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real,

1593. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1813FP. KM-82.1; CT-1243. 2.8 grams. VF for issue, typically crude and unevenly struck but with most of legends bold, very faint toning only. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1594. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1813FP. KM-82.1; CT-1243. 2.8 grams. Fine for issue, typically crude and unevenly struck but with most of the important parts of the legend bold, richly toned all over. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

Ferdinand VII, 1822AG, assayer unlisted in KM. KM-unlisted (cf. 83.3); CT-1259. 3.3 grams. Richly toned XF for issue, with bold but crude rims and edge (as made), possibly rare but more likely just an omission in KM. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 14-15, 2005 (lot #589), with lot-tag. Estimate: $200-$300.

1600. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1812, provisional issue. KM-182; CT-1414. 1.7 grams. Typically crude VG with large surface crack on reverse. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $25-$40.

1601. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1/2 real,

1595. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1814FP. KM-82.1; CT-1245. 3.0 grams. Typically crude Fine with bold full bust, much weakness on reverse, poor rims. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1596. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1820AG. KM-83.3; CT-1252. 2.9 grams. Nice AXF for issue (much neater style than earlier), with all details clear and evenly toned, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

Ferdinand VII, 1816M-AG. KM-73.1; CT-1419. 1.5 grams. Choice, beautifully toned XF+, rare grade for this issue (unpriced in KM).Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $100-$150.

1602. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1817M-AG. KM-73.1; CT-1420. 1.5 grams. Bold VF but with several dents, crude rims as usual. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1603. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1818M-AG. KM73.1; CT-1421. 2.0 grams. Evenly struck but off-center AVF for issue with very crude rims as expected, nicely contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

272

1604. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1820RG. KM-74.3; CT-1425. 1.4 grams. Nice XF, broad flan that extends beyond rim design, attractively lightly toned. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1605. Zacatecas, Mexico (War of Independence), 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821RG. KM-74.3; CT-1427. 1.7 grams. Bold AXF, lightly cleaned but starting to tone nicely around details. Pedigreed to the John Pullin collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

Mexico (Republic)

1606. Estado de Mexico, Mexico, 8 reales, 1828LF/LP, encapsulated PCGS XF-45. KM-377.5. Richly toned and problem-free, first date of issue and scarce, short-lived mint, one of the keys of this popular and highly collectible “cap and rays” series. Estimate: $1,350-$2,000.

1607. Lot of 3 Mexico (various mints) cap-and-rays 8R: 1833DoRM, 1895GoRS XF and 1895ZsFZ. 80.6 grams total. Grades F+ to AXF with varying degrees of toning. Estimate: $50-$75.

1608. Guanajuato, Mexico, 4 reales, 1846/5PM. KM-375.4. 13.2 grams. AVF with muted luster and toning. Estimate: $75-$110.

1609. Mexico (mint not discernible), 1 real, date and assayer not visible, unique brockage error. 3.3 grams. Interesting error with reverse a complete “inside-out” image of the obverse, perhaps even more interesting for having circulated down to Fine grade, with light toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

1610. Mexico City, Mexico, “hookneck” 1/2 real, 1824JM. KM-369. 1.6 grams. Rainbow-toned AXF with typically soft centers, part of rim crude, very popular early issue. Estimate: $125-$200.

273

Mexico (Sonora Emergency Coinage)

1611. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico, copper 1/4 real, 1861. KM-365. 14.0 grams. Bold

AVF, even chocolate brown color. Estimate: $25-$40.

Mexico (Revolutionary)

Mexico (United States of Mexico)

1612. Chihuahua, Mexico (Army of the North), un peso,

1614. Mexico City, Mexico, 5 pesos, 1950, Opening of

1915FM. KM-619. 27.5 grams. XF+ on slightly grainy flan, lightly toned and lustrous. Estimate: $50-$75.

Southern Railroad. KM-466. 27.7 grams. Lightly rainbow-toned Mint State. Estimate: $35-$50.

Netherlands (under Spain)

1613. Guerrero, Mexico (Zapata), un peso, 1914-GRO. KM643. 25.5 grams. Interesting type made from 0.595 gold (as stated

on the coin), slightly unevenly struck Fine with contrasting toning. Estimate: $50-$75.

1615. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), Philip IV, 1640. KM-72.1. 32.3. grams. Nice VF, faintly rainbow toned, with bold legends. Estimate: $150-$225.

New Zealand 1616. Lot of 2 coins (half crown and florin), George VI, 1943. KM-11 and 10.1. 25.4 grams. Both UNC with some luster (the florin more so than the half crown). Estimate: $50-$75.

274

Nicaragua

Paraguay (War of the Triple Alliance)

1617. Granada, Nicaragua, contemporary counterfeit “imitation cob” 1 real, 1824, rare. Per KM-6. 3.2 grams. Round, toned, and AVF from legitimate wear, recognized by an expert in the field as a circulating imitation of the official Nicaraguan issues of 1824 (which themselves were imitating earlier Peruvian cobs). Estimate: $350-$500.

Paraguay (Republic)

1618. Paraguay (War of the Triple Alliance, 1864-70), “plata cortada” 1/4 cut of a Bolivian 4 soles. KM-unlisted.

3.7 g rams. Toned Fine with other attempted cuts, with REPUBLICA and part of Bolívar’s portrait visible. Estimate: $125-$200.

1619. Paraguay (War of the Triple Alliance, 1864-70), “plata cortada” 1/5 cut of a Bolivian 4 soles with date (18)30 and assayer JL clearly visible. KM-unlisted. 2.4 grams. Actually slightly less than 1/5 cut, with an even shorter cut attempted first, rare with bold date and assayer visible, nicely toned Fine. Estimate: $175-$250.

1620. Paragauy, copper 4 centésimos, 1870. KM-4.1. 20.2 grams. Lustrous Mint State, original copper color without the usual carbon spots that plague this type. Estimate: $80-$120.

1621. Paraguay, copper 2 centésimos, 1870. KM-3. 10.0 grams. Darkly toned Mint State, some original luster and color. Estimate: $60-$90.

1622. Paraguay, copper 2 centésimos, 1870. KM-3. 10.1. grams. Lustrous Mint State with original red color all over, one tiny carbon spot. Estimate: $60-$90.

1623. Paragauy, copper 1 centésimos, 1870. KM-2. 5.0 grams. Lustrous Mint State with original copper color, no carbon spots. Estimate: $40-$60.

1624. Paragauy, 3-coin set of copper 4, 2, and 1 centésimos, 1870. KM-4.1, 3 and 2. 35.4 grams total. Complete Mint State of this copper series, lustrous, with original copper color, no carbon spots. Estimate: $100-$150.

275

Peru (colonial)

1625. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1774MJ. KM-

1628. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1781MI. KM-

78; CT-855. 26.7 grams. Broad-flan VF, slightly off-center strike, lightly cleaned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70$100.

78; CT-862. 26.7 grams. Nicely old-toned VF with 3 tiny chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection.

Estimate: $70-$100.

1626. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1776MJ,

1629. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1785MI. KM-

desirable date. KM-78; CT-857. 26.7 grams. Fine with muted luster, old scratch behind head, lightly toned, popular as the date of US independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

78a; CT-868. 26.9 grams. Cleaned VF, no toning, lustrous. Estimate:

$125-$200.

1630. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1785MI. KMNicely toned VF with a few tiny laminations, once lightly cleaned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

78a; CT-868. 26.5 grams.

1627. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780MI. KM78; CT-861. 26.8 grams. Lustrous

(very lightly cleaned) XF, with subtle toning, slightly crude rims as made. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

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1631. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1788IJ. KM78a; CT-873. 26.9 grams. Lustrous

VF+, no toning, slightly crude rims as made. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80$120.

1634. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1806JP. KM-97; CT-663. 27.2 grams. Highly

lustrous UNC with crude rims (as made), very lightly cleaned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

1632. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional 1635. Lima, Per u, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790IJ. KM-87; CT-642. 26.0 grams. Richly toned VF with old scratches. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1633. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional

(“imaginary bust�), 1811JP. KM-106.2; CT-476. 27.2 grams. Bold AXF with nice, rich toning all over but once lightly cleaned, slightly off-center obverse with natural flaw on GRATIA. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $90-$135.

(bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1791IJ. KM-87; CT-643. 26.4 grams. Bold VF+, cleaned and lustrous, with incipient rainbow toning, slightly crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $80-$120.

1636. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1815JP. KM-

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117.1; CT-483. 27.2 grams. Highly

lustrous UNC, just a few minor marks, no rims (as made). Pedigr eed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $175-$250.

277

1641. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1773MJ, rare 1637. Lima, Peru, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1775MJ. KM77; CT-1085. 13.2 grams. Broad-flan Fine+ with bold rims, minimal

toning, slightly grainy surfaces. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

assayer. KM-unlisted (cf. 76); CT-1267. 6.7 grams. Lustrous XF, starting to tone colorfully, no problems, clear assayer that is unlisted in references but a specimen of which was sold in our Treasure Auction #3 (May, 2008). Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150-$225.

1642. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1773MJ, rare Pedigreed

assayer. KM-unlisted (cf. 76); CT-1267. 6.5 grams. Lightly red-toned AVF, no problems, clear assayer that is unlisted in references but a specimen of which was sold in our Treasure Auction #3 (May, 2008). Estimate: $125-$200.

1639. Lima, Peru, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1783MI. KM-

1643. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1776MJ,

1638. Lima, Peru, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1780MJ. KM77; CT-1091. 13.2 grams. Richly toned Fine, no problems.

to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

77; CT-1095. 13.3 grams. Broad-flan

AVF, nicely lightly toned, no

problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

1640. Lima, Peru, bust 4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813JP. KMLustrous and lightly rainbow-toned AVF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

116; CT-742. 13.4 grams.

desirable date. KM-76; CT-1271. 6.7 grams. Lustrous VF+ with faint rainbow toning, slightly off-center obverse, popular as date of US independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

1644. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1783MI. KMRichly old-toned AVF, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

76;

278

CT-1279.

6.8

grams.

1645. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1788IJ. KM-76a; CT-1286. 6.8 grams. Lustrous VF with incipient rainbow toning, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1646. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1792/9IJ. KM-unlisted (cf. 95); CT-unlisted. 6.5 grams. Cleaned VF+ with weak bust (large variety that characterizes this issue), lustrous and starting to tone in legends, interesting and unlisted overdate that requires magnification to see but is clearly there. Estimate: $80-$120.

1647. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1801IJ. KM-95; CT-948. 6.6 grams. Richly toned VF with old scratch at bottom of shield, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1648. Lot of 2 Lima, Peru, bust 2R of Charles III and IV: 1780MI, 1798IJ. 12.6 grams total. Two well-worn coins (both VG) but problem-free and with clear details. Estimate: $30-$45.

1649. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1817JP, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-115.1; CT-905. Choice, lustrous, starting to tone around edge. Estimate: $200-$300.

1650. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1819JP. KM-115.1; CT-907. 6.7 grams. Choice, lustrous AU with incipient toning around edge. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1651. Lima, Peru, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1776MJ, desirable date. KM-75; CT-1494. 3.0 grams. Nicely toned AVF with slightly grainy surfaces, popular as the date of US independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1652. Lima, Peru, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1780MJ. KM-75; CT-1498. 3.5 grams. Nicely toned VF, no problems. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1653. Lima, Peru, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1783MI. KM-75; CT-1502. 3.3 grams. Broad-flan VF, attractively toned. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1654. Lima, Peru, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1785MI. KM-75a; CT-1504. 3.1 grams. Deeply rainbow-toned Fine with natural flaw on cheek. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

279

1655. Lima, Peru, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1796IJ. KM-94; CT-1102. 3.3 grams. Lustrous, lightly cleaned AU with crude rims (as made) due to poor centering. Estimate: $125-$200.

1656. Lima, Peru, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1819JP, ex-Whittier collection, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-114.1; CT1138. Highly lustrous and choice (just slightly grainy surfaces as made), desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $250-$375.

1657. Lima, Peru, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII, 1819JP. KM-114.1; CT-1138. 3.4 grams. Richly rainbow-toned XF+ with slightly weak and grainy centers (as made), light old scratch in top of head. Estimate: $50-$75.

1658. Lima, Peru, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1776MJ, desirable date. KM-74; CT-1708. 1.5 grams. Fine+ with old scratches, dark toning on reverse fields, popular as the date of US independence. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1659. Lima, Peru, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV, 1792IJ, large bust. KM-93; CT-1246. 1.7 grams. Slightly off-center VF with distinctive bust, slightly silvery. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1660. Lima, Peru, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV, 1793IJ, large bust. KM-93; CT-1247. 1.7 grams. Very lightly cleaned XF, distinctive bust, lustrous, no toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1661. Lima, Peru, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII (“imaginary bust”), 1811JP, very scarce. KM-103.2; CT-1303. 1.6 grams. Decent Fine, toned around details, transitional type that you don’t often see on minors. Estimate: $50-$75.

1662. Lima, Peru, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1818JP, ex-Whittier collection, encapsulated NGC MS-63. KM-113.2; CT1312. Lustrous and choice, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $175-$250.

1663. Lot of 2 Lima, Peru, 1/4 reales, Charles IV, 1794IJ and 1795JI. KM-99; CT-1374 & 1375. 1.3 grams total. The 1794 nice (VF details) and very broad but with lightly corroded surfaces as salvaged, the 1795 small and holed at edge, Fine for wear, both toned. Estimate: $50-$75.

1664. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1796. KM-102.2; CT-1380. 0.8 gram. Bold XF with lightly encrusted surfaces as from salvage. Estimate: $75-$110.

1665. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1797. KM-102.2; CT-1381. 0.7 gram. Bold XF details, lightly corroded as from salvage. Estimate: $75-$110.

1666. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1799. KM-102.2; CT-1383. 0.8 gram. Off-center VF with toned and lightly corroded surfaces as from salvage. Estimate: $75-$110.

280

1667. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1808. KM-102.2; CT-1392. 0.8 gram. XF with very light encrustation and corrosion as from salvage. Estimate: $75-$110.

1668. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1810. KM-108; CT-1451. 0.7 gram. Toned XF with lightly corroded surfaces as from salvage. Estimate: $75-$110.

1669. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1811. KM-108; CT-1452. 0.8 gram. Bold XF obverse, VF reverse, but both sides with surface corrosion as from salvage. Estimate: $75-$110.

1670. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1816. KM-108; CT-1457. 0.7 gram. Slightly off-center strike on a broad flan that extends beyond the rims, toned XF with very light encrustation and corrosion as from salvage. Estimate: $75-$110.

1671. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1818. KM-108; CT-1459. 0.7 gram. VF with dark encrustation on fields (probably salvaged). Estimate: $75-$110.

1672. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1820. KM-108; CT-1461. 0.8 gram. Slightly off-center strike on a broad flan that extends beyond the rims, solid VF with light toning. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $75-$110.

Peru (Republic)

1673. Cuzco, Peru (South Peru), 8 reales, 1838BA. KM-170.4. 26.6 grams. Lustrous AXF with minor natural rim flaw, incipient rainbow toning, a few marks, popular type. Estimate: $200-$300.

1674. Lima, Peru, 1/2 sol, 1864YB. KM-195. 12.5 grams. UNC with muted luster, no problems. Pedigreed to the Flatt collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

1675. Lima, Peru, 1/5 sol, 1893TF, key date. KM-205.2. 5.0 grams. Lustrous UNC, very lightly cleaned, starting to tone. Pedigreed to the Flatt collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

1676. Lima, Peru, dinero, 1863YB. KM-190. 2.3 grams. AU with gorgeous rainbow toning and luster. Pedigreed to the Flatt collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

281

Philippines (under Spain)

1677. Lima, Peru, dinero, 1877YJ. KM-190. 2.5 grams. Lustrous UNC, no problems. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection (lot #17560). Estimate: $30-$45.

1678. Lima, Per u, 1/2 dinero, 1864YB. KM-189. 1.3 grams. Choice, lustrous Mint State with colorful toning in spots. Pedigreed to the Flatt collection. Estimate: $30-$45.

1683. Philippines, 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, “F.7o” countermark (Type V, 1832-34) on Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1825JM (rare host date). KM-82. 26.7 grams. Host coin AVF with luster, crude rims (as made), countermark uneven AXF with toning, usually seen on later coins. Estimate: $200-$300.

1679. Lot of 2 bronze minors (2 and 1 centavos) of Lima, Peru, 1864. KM-188.1 and 187.1. 14.5 grams total. AU-Mint State, lustrous and with mostly original color. Pedigreed to the Flatt collection. Estimate: $50-$75.

1684. Philippines, 8 reales, Isabel II, “Y•II” countermark (Type VI, 1834-37) on Santiago, Chile, “volcano” peso, 1834IJ. KM-108. 27.0 grams. Better assayer for the date, host and countermark VF with muted luster and toning, slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $500-$750.

1680. Peru (struck in Philadelphia), wartime brass 10 centavos, 1942 (spelled CUARENTAIDOS). KM-214a.1. 3.9 grams. Lustrous AU with hint of color. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection. Estimate: $35-$50.

1681. Peru (struck in Philadelphia), wartime brass 10 centavos, 1943. KM-214a.1. 4.1 grams. Choice Mint State, very lustrous and with hint of color. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection. Estimate: $40-$60.

Portugal

1685. Lisbon, Portugal, copper 10 reis, John III (1521-1557), 1682. Peru (struck in San Francisco), wartime brass 10 centavos, 1943-S. KM-214a.2. 4.1 grams. Choice, lustrous Mint State with colorful rainbow toning, rare grade. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection. Estimate: $70-$100.

rare. 10.2 grams. Large, thin coin with crowned shield on obverse and large denomination X on reverse, Fine details but corroded from salvage, important as found in the southwestern Caribbean and therefore possibly from very early exploration in that region. Estimate: $60-$90.

282

1686. Por tugal, 870 reis (1834), crowned-ar ms countermark on a Santiago, Chile, bust 8R, Charles IV, 1795DA (unique combination), ex-Faistauer. 26.5 grams. One of only two known Santiago 8R with this countermark (the other dated 1812, Ferdinand VII, and therefore of a different type), lustrous and richly toned Fine+, struck slightly off-center, with VF countermark. When Thomas Faistauer sold his 8R collection with Jess Peters in 1976, this date (in fact the rarest of the Charles IV type) was the only hole in the date-run, due to the fact that he kept this specimen for the Portuguese countermark. For recent comparison, a 1795 in Fine without countermark sold in 2008 (Heritage) for $1,725. Pedigreed to the Faistauer collection. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Puerto Rico (under Spain) 1687. Pair of copper die-trial disks (obverse and reverse) of a Puerto Rican silver peso of 1895, ex-Ray Byrne collection, unique. 11.9 grams. A pair of thin, broad circles that appear to have been impressed over the top of a trial coin to make a mold of some sort, brown VF, with desirable old pedigree. Pedigreed to the Ray Byrne collection (Jess Peters, June 1975, lot #956). Estimate: $500-up.

Spain 1688. Madrid, Spain, milled 4 reales, Charles III, 1761JP. CT-1103; KM-396.1. 13.2 grams. Nicely toned XF or thereabouts, no problems, one-year type, popular in the US where it was legal tender as a “double pistareen” till 1857. Estimate: $400-$600.

1689. Madrid, Spain, milled 2 reales “pistareen,” Philip V, 1721A/JJ, unlisted over-assayer (possibly unique). CTunlisted (cf. 1248); KM-unlisted (cf. 296). 5.9 grams. Typically broad (extending beyond the rim), with the reverse slightly off-center, XF+ with only a hint of toning, the tops of the J’s of the previous assayer peeking out from around the new assayer A, an over-assayer that does not appear in any reference catalogs that we know of. Estimate: $100-up.

283

1690. Madrid, Spain, steel trial die for Charles IV bust in 1/2-real size engraved by Gonzales de Sepulveda. 804 for a medal but with coin-design bust and no other details for the strike (hence a trial die and not a complete die), with engraver’s name at bottom and Madrid mintmark with 1789 date at top, octagonal body (dark and rusty) but round face (lightly polished), undoubtedly scarce. Found in colonial Guatemala. Estimate: $1,000-$2,000. grams. Probably

1691. Lot of 2 copper 4 maravedís, Philip IV, various mints, with multiple revaluation countermarks. 13.0 grams total. One a clear Segovia 8 maravedís of 1625 with 4 countermarks (8, XII, 1642 and 1652), AVF but with natural hole in center, the other coin worn smooth but with 4 clear countermarks (VIII, XII, XIII and 1655), the countermarks all referring to new denominations and dates of revaluation. Estimate: $50-$75.

1693. Lot of 2 Madrid, Spain, 2 pesetas, 1870, dated 1874 in stars, one with date as “14-74” (unlisted error). CT-unlisted (Type 3); KM-unlisted (cf. 654). 9.9 and 10.0 grams each. Interesting revolutionary-era issue struck using the old Provisional Government design (1868-71) but with new date 1874 incuse in the small stars, the better of the two coins in this lot (lustrous AU, the other one toned VF) significantly with “14” in the leftmost star, an error we cannot find in any catalogs and therefore presumably rare. Estimate: $400-$600.

1694. Madrid, Spain, 1 peseta, 1904SMV. CT-50; KM-721. 5.0 grams. Lustrous

UNC with faint blue toning. Estimate: $100-

$150.

Sweden

1692. Cordoba, Spain, copper 16 maravedís, Philip IV, 1664T. CT-1286. 3.6 grams. Bold and deeply toned AXF with full obverse details, the reverse off-center but with clear details too. Estimate: $35-$50.

1695. Sweden, copper 1/4 skilling, 1819, encapsulated PCGS MS-64 RB. KM-595. Choice, mostly brown but with areas of original lustrous red, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $40-$60.

Uruguay 1696. Uruguay, 20 centésimos, 1877-A.

KM-15. 4.9

grams. Choice

AU with attractive blue toning on most of the surfaces. Estimate: $60-$90.

284

Unites States of America 1697. US Colonial, “quarter dollar” made from 4 cut “bits” of a pistareen (Spanish milled 2 reales of Philip V), the 4 bits from different coins but hammered back into a whole unit, unique. 5.1 grams. We have never seen anything like this! With some regularity in colonial areas of the US you do see quarter cuts of Spanish pistareens, but this is the first time we have seen 4 of them from different coins hammered together in their own time to make a new whole pistareen, the coins used here with king’s ordinal V and date 1717 visible, toned VG at best, but sure to be very popular with colonial collectors. Estimate: $500-$1,000.

1698. Lot of 4 USA (New Orleans) $1 Morgans, all different dates (1883, 1884, 1888 and 1899) and all encapsulated NGC MS-64. KM-110. All lustrous, choice and with traces of toning starting around the rims. Estimate: $80-$120 (no photo).

1699. USA (Philadelphia), 50c Bust Half, 1834 (common variety). KM-37. 13.5 grams. Lightly toned XF with heavy scratches in front of face. Estimate: $50-$75.

1700. USA (Philadelphia), 25c Seated Liberty, 1845. KM-64.1. 6.7 grams. Lustrous AU, lightly cleaned but starting to retone, a few scratches here and there. Estimate: $150-$225.

1701. USA (Philadelphia), 10c Liberty, 1835. KM-48. 2.7 grams. XF with light red toning, hairline scratches. Estimate: $150$225.

1702. USA (Philadelphia), 10c Seated Liberty, 1835, with arrows. KM-105. 2.5 grams. Toned XF+ with light scratches in field. Estimate: $100-$150.

1703. USA (Denver), 5c Buffalo, 1937-D, 3 legs error, encapsulated PCGS (old style) MS-60. KM-134. Popular error coin (the buffalo missing its right front leg) in nice but still affordable grade, light golden toning. Estimate: $1,500-$2,000.

1704. USA, commemorative set of 4 Proof coins (gold, silver and copper-nickel) for 1995 Atlanta Olympics. 382 grams total. This attractive Proof set consists of an 8.4-gram gold $5 eagle (West Point mint, showing the Olympic stadium), two silver $1 at 26.7 grams each (both Philadelphia mint, one showing a track runner and the other showing a cyclist), and a clad copper-nickel half dollar (San Francisco mint, showing a baseball batter), all dated 1995 and designed by leading engravers, with certificate of authenticity and housed in a US Mint custom clamshell box with outer cardboard box printed with THE UNITED STATES OLYMPIC COINS OF THE ATLANTA CENTENNIAL OLYMPIC GAMES. Estimate: $200-$300.

285

1705. Lot of 4 USA (Philadelphia) $1 Eagles, 2006 (3) and 2007 (1), all encapsulated NGC MS-69. Frosty white and perfect, but all common modern bullion coins. Estimate: $40-$60 (no photo).

Venezuela (Barinas “imitation cobs”)

1706. Barinas (Caurajal), Venezuela, “imitation cob” 1/2 1710. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, “741” real (1817-24), very rare. KM-unlisted. 1.0 gram. Cleaned VF with most of monogram and nearly full cross, mostly silver but hint of toning. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 11-12, 2008 (lot 2395). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

date, encapsulated ANACS VF-25. KM-C13.1. Lightly toned, slightly uneven strike. Estimate: $400-$600.

1711. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, “816” 1707. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, “172” date, rare. KM-C13.1. 5.1 grams. Lightly toned VF with crude hole at top of cross. Estimate: $300-$450.

date, encapsulated NGC F-15, rare. KM-C13.2. Choice VF (despite the slab grade), nice even toning, weak area on last digit of date. Estimate: $400-$600.

1712. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales “817” 1708. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, “182” date, encapsulated ICG VF-25. KM-C13.1. Richly toned, with a couple of weak areas, slightly off-center strike, a few old scratches. Estimate: $400-$600.

date, encapsulated ANACS scratched/cleaned VF-20 details, rare. KM-C13.2. Lightly toned with large, old scratch in weak area. Estimate: $250-$375.

1713. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, 1816, 1709. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, “184” date, encapsulated NGC F-15. KM-C13.1. Richly toned VF (despite slab grade), nicely centered, with arc-shaped void in edge as made. Estimate: $300-$450.

very rare. KM-C13.2. 5.0 grams. Perfectly round, AVF with hint of toning and luster, tiny hole at top of cross. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 12-13, 2007 (lot 1292). Estimate: $300$450.

286

1714. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 2 reales, 1817, encapsulated ICG VF-20. KM-C13.2. Rainbow-toned, with dark patch in center, very slight porosity in places. Estimate: $300-$450.

1718. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1818BS, encapsulated ICG VF-25. KM-C6.1. Dark, rich toning all over, arc-shaped void in edge as made. Estimate: $200-$300.

1715. Caracas, Venezuela, “imitation cob” 1 real, “721” date, encapsulated NGC F-15 (one of only two graded by NGC), very rare. Off-center strike on a small, thick flan, richly toned. Estimate: $900-$1,250.

Venezuela (Caracas royalist)

1716. Caracas, Venezuela, 4 Reales, 1820BS, variety with king’s ordinal as “o7”, encapsulated ANACS plugged / in jewelry - damaged VF-20 details, extremely rare. Deep, rich, colorful toning all over, with extra metal on rim above right pillar, holed and crudely plugged at top of cross, one of only 2 specimens known (the other a repaired Fine). Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

1719. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1819/8BS, castle in upper-left quadrant, encapsulated ICG VG-8 (undergraded), extremely rare. KM-unlisted (cf. C6.2, listed in the slab as C6.1 in error). Fine (despite slab grade) with weak waves, hint of golden toning, only about 3 known with this date and castle at upper left, unlisted in KM. Estimate: $500-$750.

1720. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1819BS, encapsulated ICG VF-20. KM-C6.1. Richly toned and beautiful. Estimate: $250-$375.

1721. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1820BS, encapsulated ICG EF-45. KM-C6.1. Choice grade, lustrous, with spots of toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

1717. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1818BS, encapsulated ICG VF-35. KM-C6.1. Deeply and attractively toned, with natural planchet flaw around the top of the left pillar. Estimate: $300$450.

287

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1726. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1805, very 1722. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1820BS, encapsulated ICG VF-30. KM-C6.1. Lustrous, struck off-center on an oversized flan that extends beyond the rims. Estimate: $300$450.

rare. KM-C2. 1.6 grams. Darkly toned Fine with mostly legible details, clear 80 and top of 5 of date, some surface irregularity. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1727. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1813, rare. KM1723. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1821BS, castle in upperleft quadrant, variety with “antennas� under capitals atop the pillars, encapsulated ICG VF-35, extremely rare. KMC6.2 (listed in the slab as C6.1 in error). Nice grade (really closer to XF) with light rainbow toning, 3 known. Estimate: $1,300$1,950.

C2. 3.3 grams. Nice

VF with dark toning, uneven strike (weak final digit of date), more common than the earlier dates. Estimate: $350-$500.

1728. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1814, rare. KM1724. Caracas, Venezuela, 1 real, 1818BS, rare. KM-C5.2. 2.6 grams. Fine

with gunmetal toning all over, holed at top of cross. Estimate: $300-$450.

C2. 2.6 grams. Darkly

toned VF with original copper color on high points, minor rim-bump, much rarer than catalogs indicate. Estimate: $400-$600.

1725. Caracas, Venezuela, 1 real, 1820BS, very rare. KMC5.2. 3.1 grams. Holed

Fine with granular surfaces, holed at top of cross, but this date seldom seen. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1729. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1814, encapsulated ICG VF-25, rare. KM-C2. Richly brown-toned, nice even strike, particularly rare as a certified VF, as coins from this period usually have too many problems. Estimate: $400$600.

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1730. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1816, encapsulated NGC F-12 BN, rare. KM-C2. AVF (despite slab grade) with weak centers, nice surfaces, dark brown all over. Estimate: $150-$225.

1731. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1817, large date, encapsulated ANACS F-12. KM-C2. Choice strike, much closer to VF than slab indicates, chocolate brown color, natural flaw in edge. Estimate: $150-$225.

1732. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1817, small date, ornate crown (rare variety), encapsulated ANACS corroded EF-40 details. KM-C2. Neater style than earlier issues, very crisply detailed and with bold rims (looks like XF+ to us), dark chocolate brown all over, very scarce grade. Estimate: $250-$325.

1733. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1817, small date, encapsulated ICG VF-35. KM-C2. Purplish AXF (despite the slab grade) with muted luster, very nice. Estimate: $100-$150.

1734. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1817, small date. KM-C2. 2.0 grams. Dark AVF with light corrosion. Estimate: $50-$75.

1735. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1818, encapsulated NGC VF-30 BN. KM-C2. Nice specimen for the grade, with hint of original red color peeking through the toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1736. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1818, encapsulated NGC VF-25 BN, variety with two loops above denomination. KM-C2. Rainbow toned and attractive. Estimate: $60-$90.

1737. Lot of 2 Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 reales, 1818, two different varieties. KM-C2. 5.3 grams total. Both Fine or so, dark but different colors (one red, one brown), both with very small arc-shaped void in edge (as made). Estimate: $60-$90.

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1738. Lot of 16 Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 reales, 1818 (all different varieties). KM-C2. Great study lot, most labeled to show the die variety (far more advanced than published references), F-VF on average, mostly dark brown, perfect for the advanced researcher or expert reseller. Estimate: $1,500-$2,750.

1739. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1821, encapsulated NGC F-12 BN, scarce variety. KM-C2. Dark brown AVF (despite the slab grade) with top of denomination weak but otherwise nice. Estimate: $80-$120.

1740. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1821. KM-C2. 2.7 grams. Choice VF, nice strike, but very dark and with slightly granular surfaces. Estimate: $60-$90.

1741. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/8 real, 1802, rare first coin of Venezuela. KM-C1. 1.9 grams. Crude VG with dark fields but mostly bold details, very highly sought as the first date of coin ever struck in Venezuela, made only in this denomination and the larger copper 1/4 real. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1742. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/8 real, 180(5), rare. KM-

1743. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/8 real, 1818, rare. KM-

C1. 1.7 grams. Clear 18 of

C1. 1.3 grams. Dark

date followed by a weak but certain 0, the final digit determined by style of crown, Fine with dark fields and some light pitting. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

and lightly corroded but with all details discernible (Fine details). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

290

Venezuela (Caracas, first Republic)

1744. Caracas, Venezuela, 1 real, (Año 2 = 1811-12), extremely rare. KM-C26. 2.7 grams. VF for issue with weak strike on top of obverse, corresponding to an area of crude porosity on the other side, nicely toned, struck slightly off-center on a broad flan, very important and quite rare (about 10 known). Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

1745. Caracas, Venezuela, 1/2 real, Año 2 (1811-12), 1746. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1812, very extremely rare. KM-C25. 1.2 grams. Nicely toned Fine with weak centers, broad flan extending beyond the rims (slightly offcenter strike), holed at very edge, very important and quite rare (only 5 known). Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

rare. KM-C22. 3.5 grams. Dark and slightly porous Fine with clear details, some original copper color on high points. Estimate: $200-$300.

Venezuela (Caracas, under Gran Colombia)

1747. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, “1818” date (struck in 1830, the date rendered with 1R-sized digits), 2 flowers instead of F-7, axis at 90° instead of the usual 180°, struck over a Madrid, Spain, 2 reales, 1822AJ, very rare. KM-C36. 5.2 grams. Fascinating coin of great interest to the specialist, with the Madrid mintmark on the original clearly visible above the topright castle, richly rainbow-toned VF, struck in 1830 but backdated to 1818. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

291

Venezuela (Guayana royalist)

1748. Caracas, Venezuela, 1/4 real, 1821, encapsulated PCGS VF-30, very rare. KM-C31. Bold details and lightly toned, notable as the only specimen ever graded by PCGS, superior to the one that sold in our Treasure Auction #6 of October, 2009, for over $1500. Estimate: $1,300-$2,000.

1749. Caracas, Venezuela, 1/4 real, 1822, encapsulated ICG VF-25, rare. KM-C31. Off-center strike but lustrous and attractively toned, choice grade. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1750. Caracas, Venezuela, 1/4 real, 1829, scarce. KM-C34.

0.2 gram. Very thin but broad flan, nice AVF with dark sediment

around details, nice for the issue. Estimate: $200-$300.

1752. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, 1814, large flan, encapsulated NGC AU-50 BN. KM-C41.1. Bold details for the type (perfectly full and bold date), reddish brown around the edge, exceptional grade for the issue (very rare thus). Estimate: $800-$1,000.

1753. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, 1815. KM-C41.2.

2.1 grams. VF with minor scratches, off-center obverse, last digit

of date muddled but certain. Estimate: $80-$120.

1754. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, 1816, encapsulated NGC VF-25 BN. KM-C41.2. Bold legends (clear date, just missing the tops of the digits), weak inner details, nice lustrous surfaces and even color. Estimate: $80-$120.

1755. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, 1817, encapsulated ICG VF-30. KM-C41.2. Off-center obverse (castle), dark chocolate brown color with black toning around details, very clear date (just missing the tops of the digits). Estimate: $80-$120.

1756. Guayana, Venezuela, copper 1/2 real, 1817. KM-C41.2.

2.1 grams. AVF, nice centers, parts of legend off flan (bold 181 but partial 7 of date), nice and even chocolate-brown color. Estimate: $40-$60.

1751. Caracas, Venezuela, 1/4 real, 1830, scarce. KM-C34.

0.5 gram. AVF

with dark patina, small chip in edge, nice for the issue. Estimate: $200-$300.

292

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Venezuela (Maracaibo royalist?)

1757. Maracaibo(?), Venezuela, copper 1/8 real, (1813?), very rare. KM-unlisted. 0.9 gram. Nice XF with bold details and even brown color, perfectly round flan. At least one wellregarded Venezuelan expert believes the MP monogram stands for “Municipio de Petare”, in Caracas, but KM attributes the “MP” issue (in a higher denomination) to Maracaibo. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

Venezuela (Republic of Venezuela)

1758. Venezuela (Paris), 2 reales, 1858-A, encapsulated NGC F-15, rare. KM-Y10. Lightly toned and problem-free, one-year type. Estimate: $100-$150.

1759. Venezuela (London), copper 1 centavo, 1852, encapsulated ANACS cleaned net AU details (old slab). KMY6. Attractively red color, not lustrous but with spots of colorful toning, a little rubbing where it used to be darker, otherwise choice. Estimate: $200-$300.

1760. Venezuela (Heaton), copper 1 centavo, 1862, encapsulated NGC XF-40 BN. KM-Y7. Darkly toned with a modicum of old marks that keep it from AU grade. Estimate: $40-$60.

1761. Venezuela, copper 1/4 centavo, 1843. KM-Y1.

Deep chocolate brown VF+ with old scratches on bust. Estimate: $25-$40.

3.1 grams.

Venezuela (United States of Venezuela/Táchira State)

1762. Táchira (San Christobal), Venezuela, bronze 2 reales, 1872, rare restricted-circulation coinage. KMS1. 2.4 grams. Cleaned Fine with slightly grainy surfaces, subtle multi-color toning, catalog value too low. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

293

Venezuela (United States of Venezuela)

1768. Venezuela (Paris), 5 Bolívares, 1904, encapsulated 1763. Venezuela (Paris), 50 centavos, 1876-A, encapsulated ANACS scratched AU-50 details. KM-Y24.2. Nicely toned all ANACS F-15. KM-Y15. Good strike (just a bit worn), with some contrasting toning, catalog value too low. Estimate: $200-$300.

1764. Venezuela (Paris), 5 centavos, 1876-A, unserifed A, encapsulated ANACS EF-40. KM-Y12.2. Subtly lustrous, with attractive rainbow toning around rims. Estimate: $50-$75.

over but with old scratches on obverse. Estimate: $100-$150.

1769. Venezuela (Paris), 5 Bolívares, 1911 (normal date), 1765. Venezuela (Philadelphia), copper-nickel 1 centavo, 1876, encapsulated ANACS AU-50. KM-Y25. Lustrous and with lovely blue toning, curiously weakly struck only on the C, N and V of CENTAVO, vastly underpriced in KM. Estimate: $300-$450.

1766. Venezuela (Philadelphia), copper-nickel 1 centavo, 1877, encapsulated ANACS AU-50. KM-Y25. Subtly lustrous, evenly struck, vastly underpriced in KM. Estimate: $300-$450.

encapsulated ICG EF-45. KM-Y24.2. Richly rainbow-toned AU with marks on face to lower the grade. Estimate: $40-$60.

1770. Venezuela (Paris), 5 Bolívares, 1912 (normal date), encapsulated ICG scratched-cleaned AU-55 details. KMY24.2. Lustrous but obviously cleaned. Estimate: $40-$60.

1767. Venezuela (Paris), 5 Bolívares, 1901, encapsulated ICG EF-40. KM-Y24.2. Muted luster, dark around details. Estimate: $250-$375.

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1771. Venezuela (Philadelphia), 5 Bolívares, 1929, high 9, encapsulated NGC AU-55. KM-Y24.2. Lustrous, with just a touch of wear on highest points, faint yellow toning on reverse. Estimate: $60-$90.

294

1776. Venezuela (Denver), 1/2 Bolívar, 1944, with accent,

1772. Venezuela (Philadelphia), 5 Bolívares, 1936 (normal date), encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-Y24.2. Areas of dark toning against lustrous fields, some yellow color on reverse, no problems. Estimate: $40-$60.

encapsulated NGC MS-64. KM-Y21a. Gem BU, very frosty and lustrous. Estimate: $100-$150.

1777. Venezuela (Philadelphia), 1/2 Bolívar, 1945, encapsulated PCGS MS-63. KM-Y21a. Gem BU, very lustrous, subtle toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1778. Venezuela (Paris), 1/4 Bolívar, 1894-A. KM-Y20. 1.2 grams. Lustrous Mint State with spots of beautiful rainbow toning, lightly cleaned. Estimate: $40$60.

1773. Venezuela (Philadelphia), 2 Bolívares, 1936, encapsulated ICG AU-58. KM-Y23. Highly lustrous Mint State (despite the slab grade). Estimate: $25-$40.

1779. Venezuela, 1/4 Bolívar, 1900, encapsulated PCGS AU-55. KM-Y20. Subtly lustrous, with light toning around details. Estimate: $700-$900.

1774. Venezuela (Philadelphia), 1 Bolívar, 1903, encapsulated ANACS AU-53. KM-Y22. Lightly toned, muted luster, vastly underpriced in KM. Estimate: $600-$900.

1775. Venezuela (Philadelphia), 1/2 Bolívar, 1929, encapsulated PCGS MS-62. KM-Y21. Lustrous and choice, with faint beginnings of yellow toning on reverse. Estimate: $400-$600.

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1780. Venezuela (Paris), 1/4 Bolívar, 1911, encapsulated NGC AU-58. KM-Y20. Subtle golden toning all over. Estimate: $70-$100.

1781. Venezuela (Berlin), copper-nickel 5 céntimos, 1896, encapsulated NGC AU-50. KM-Y27. Lightly toned all over. Estimate: $50-$75.

1782. Lot of 9 silver and copper-nickel minors of Venezuela, ALL CERTIFIED (encapsulated), sold as a lot only. Nice little slab lot, as follows: 2 Bolívares,1894, ANACS F-15; 2 Bolívares, 1922, ICG VF-25; 1/2 Bolívar, 1945, NGC MS-64; 1/2 Bolívar, 1946, NGC MS-62; 12-1/2 céntimos, 1929, ANACS cleaned VF-30 details; 5 céntimos, 1925, NGC VF-35; 5 céntimos, 1945, NGC MS-64; 2-1/2 céntimos, 1876, ANACS cleaned VF-20 details; 2-1/2 céntimos, 1877, ICG VF30. Estimate: $125-$200 (no photo).

295

Venezuela (modern Republic)

1784. Venezuela (Paris), 25 céntimos, 1960, encapsulated

1783. Venezuela (London), 50 Bolívares, 1975, Armadillo, encapsulated PCGS PR-68DCAM. KM-Y47. Close to perfect, very lustrous and frosty, with scratch in slab (not on coin). Estimate: $40-$60.

NGC MS-65. KM-Y35a. Choice and lustrous, with beautiful rainbow toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

1785. Venezuela (Wehrdole), proof copper 5 céntimos, 1974, encapsulated NGC PF-63RB, very rare (only 10 known in Proof). KM-Y49 (unlisted in Proof). Highly lustrous, with only tiny bits of brown against the original red color. Estimate: $500-$750.

Venezuela (Central Bank)

1786. Venezuela (Wehrdole), proof 100 Bolívares, 1981,

1788. Venezuela (London), 100 Bolívares, 1986, Vargas

Bello Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KM-Y57. Virtually perfect, with blazing luster. Estimate: $40-$60.

Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC MS-65. KM-Y60. Lustrous and perfect except for one small nick in field. Estimate: $40$60.

1787. Venezuela (Wehrdole), proof 100 Bolívares, 1983,

1789. Venezuela (Mexico), proof 500 Bolívares, 1990, Páez

Bolívar Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-67 Ultra Cameo. KM-Y58. Impressively flawless, probably should have been graded higher. Estimate: $40-$60.

Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KMY64. Virtually perfect, blazingly lustrous, with a hint of toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

296

1794. Venezuela (Canada), proof 500 Bolívares, 1995, 1790. Venezuela (Mexico), proof 500 Bolívares, 1990, Páez United Nations. KM-Y71. Highly lustrous and perfect, just not Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KMY64. Virtually perfect, blazingly lustrous, with a hint of toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

slabbed (yet). Estimate: $40-$60.

1795. Venezuela (Paris), proof 500 Bolívares, 1997-A, 1791. Venezuela (Wehrdole), proof 500 Bolívares, 1992, Conspiracy Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-70 Ultra Battle of Matasiete, encapsulated NGC PF-68 Ultra Cameo. KM-Y69. Nearly perfect, just a couple microscopic pecks on hills. Estimate: $40-$60.

Cameo. KM-Y74. Officially deemed perfect in every way, highest grade possible and certified to be so, blazingly lustrous. Estimate: $600-$800.

1792. Venezuela (Canada), proof 500 Bolívares, 1995, Sucre Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-70 Ultra Cameo. KM-Y72. Officially deemed perfect in every way, highest grade possible and certified to be so, with the most blazing luster imaginable. Estimate: $600-$800.

1796. Venezuela (Paris), proof 500 Bolívares, 1997-A, Conspiracy Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KM-Y74. Virtually perfect, blazingly lustrous. Estimate: $40-$60.

1793. Venezuela (Canada), proof 500 Bolívares, 1995, Sucre Bicentennial, encapsulated NGC PF-69 Ultra Cameo. KM-Y72. Virtually perfect, blazingly lustrous, erroneously encapsulated nearly 90 degrees counterclockwise from normal (should be re-slabbable for free). Estimate: $40$60.

297

1797. Venezuela, 2007 first day of issue complete denomination set of 7 coins (various metals, 1 Bolívar and 50, 25, 12-1/2, 10, 5 and 1 céntimos) in Mint State, all encapsulated PCGS (MS-65 or better). One of only 50 sets made, the only other one ever offered sold for $865 in 2006, all the coins top-notch quality. Estimate: $700$1,000.

MEDALS AND TOKENS Argentina 1798. Buenos Aires, Argentina, silver Constitution medal, 1854, struck over a Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, 1780MI, rare. 6.5 grams. Somewhat common medal but rare as struck over a bust 2R, with the date, assayer, and king’s name and ordinal of the under-coin still very clear, lustrous AU, attractively toned, but holed at the top. Estimate: $250-$375.

Bolivia 1799. Bolivia, gilt- and enameled-metal delegate’s badge with original ribbon (decoration) for 1872 National Assembly, rare. 20.0 grams. Beautifully enameled in center and on spokes of star design, with name of president Hilarión Daza around center, suspended from eagle at top (once free-swinging but then crudely repaired with solder), rare with original ribbon. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Bolivia/Colombia/Ecuador/Peru/Venezuela 1800. Bolivia/Colombia/Ecuador/Peru/Venezuela, proof gold medal, 1995, Sucre Bicentennial (1 oz of .900 gold). Bullion medal made for all the South American countries liberated by Bolívar, with each country’s coat-of-arms displayed around a quote by Sucre, whose birth in 1795 this medal commemorates, problem-free Proof. Estimate: $800-$1,000.

298

Dominican Republic 1801. Dominican Republic (French control, 1795-1808), copper HISPANNIOLA/ TVRCVPELLERIVS token struck by British(?) in imitation of an evasion half penny during forays against the French. 7.6 grams. A well-known token listed in various references (Fonrobert-7621, Byrne-1156) with caricature bust on obverse and seated Britannia on reverse (hence the attribution) but with reference to Hispaniola on the reverse to tie it with that island, which was under French control at the time. Another theory holds that it was struck for Tortuga Island in the 1600s. Dark brown, VF for type. Estimate: $100-$200.

Great Britain 1802. Great Britain, silver Phipps medal, James II, 1687, choice condition. Betts-67. 66.5 grams. A popular medal made by G. Bower from silver recovered from the wreck of the Concepci贸n (1641) off Hispaniola by the New Englander William Phipps and presented to officers and promoters of the salvage, which was largely financed by the Duke of Albemarle (but not, despite the design, by the king), with busts of the king and queen on the obverse and salvage scene on the reverse. This specimen is choice grade (lightly cleaned XF+), with lovely old toning, with a few minor nicks and bumps in rim and small flaw in field in front of busts. Estimate: $2,000$3,000.

1803. Great Britain, silver Phipps medal, James II, 1687, damaged. Betts-67. 65.5 grams. A popular medal made by G. Bower from silver recovered from the wreck of the Concepci贸n (1641) off Hispaniola by the New Englander William Phipps and presented to officers and promoters of the salvage, which was largely financed by the Duke of Albemarle (but not, despite the design, by the king), with busts of the king and queen on the obverse and salvage scene on the reverse. This specimen has clearly seen much use over the years (AVF with lots of nicks and scratches), but not overly polished or with any loss of detail, a few nicks and bumps in the rim as well. With Jacques Schulman (Holland) envelope. Estimate: $600-$900.

299

1804. Great Britain, copper Admiral Vernon medal, Chagre/Porto Bello (1740). Betts-unlisted (variant of 288, McCawley-Grellman #206). 11.2 grams. Obverse

legend reads THE BRITISH GLORY.REVIV D.BY.ADMIRAL.VERNON and the reverse legend reads WHO TOOK PORTO BELLO.WITH.SIX.SHIPS.ONLY, with Vernon and Fort Chagre on obverse and six ships attacking Port Bello on reverse (punctuation variation from Betts attribution), from a popular (and rather pompous) series of heroic medals struck in honor of Vernon’s successes against the Spanish Main, dark Fine+, rare. Estimate: $350-$500.

1805. Great Britain, copper Admiral Vernon medal, Havana/Porto Bello (1741). Betts-unlisted (McCawley-Grellman #238). 12.9 grams. Obverse legend reads ED.VERNON ESQ.VICE ADMIRAL OF THE BLUE and the reverse legend reads HE.TOOK.PORTO.BELLO.WITH.SIX.SHIPS.ONLY, with Vernon and Havana on obverse and six ships attacking Porto Bello on reverse, from a popular (and rather pompous) series of heroic medals struck in honor of Vernon’s successes against the Spanish Main, a muling of Betts-313 obverse (with punctuation variety) with a different reverse, and in choice condition, AXF with light sediment around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

1806. Great Britain, brass Admiral Vernon medal, (Cartagena)/Porto Bello (1741). Betts-306. 14.0 grams. Obverse legend reads THE.PRIDE.OF.SPAIN.HUMBLED.BY.AD.VERNON and the reverse legend reads HE.TOOK.PORTO.BELLO.WITH.SIX.SHIPS.ONLY, with Don Blas kneeling before Vernon on the obverse and six ships attacking Porto Bello on reverse, from a popular (and rather pompous) series of heroic medals struck in honor of Vernon’s successes against the Spanish Main, AVF with minor rim-bumps. Estimate: $150-$225.

1807. Great Britain, brass Admiral Vernon medal, Cartagena, 1747. Betts-328. 11.0 grams. Obverse legend reads THE SPANISH .PRIDE.PULLD.DOWN.BY.ADMIRAL.VERNON and the reverse legend reads TRUE BRITISH HEROES TOOK CARTHAGENA, with Vernon and Don Blas on obverse and two ships attacking Cartagena on reverse, choice condition, XF with lovely original brass color. Estimate: $250-$375.

1808. Great Britain, steel restrike of a German propaganda medal commemorating the sinking of the Lusitania in 1915. 76.1 grams. Common but popular medal made by the British in near-exact replication of a prior German medal originally meant to scold the British for sailing the Lusitania with innocent passengers under German warnings that she would be sunk, yet turned into anti-German propaganda by the British restrike, this example typically rusty on high points but otherwise perfect. Estimate: $125-$200.

300

1809. Great Britain, silver Hollandia medallion (ca. 1987), made from silver from the ship. 30.1 grams. From a design engraved by Ron Dutton and marketed by Simmons Gallery, struck in a pillar dollar design with the legend HOLLANDIA FOUNDERED ISLES OF SCILLY 1743 on the obverse and a picture of the ship with the VOC (Dutch East India Co.) monogram on the reverse, with official hallmarks on edge, lightly polished Mint State, beautifully toned. With blue clamshell presentation case, booklet and certificate. Estimate: $50-$75.

1810. Great Britain, silver Hollandia medallion (ca. 1987), made from silver from the ship. 30.1 grams. From a design engraved by Ron Dutton and marketed by Simmons Gallery, struck in a pillar dollar design with the legend HOLLANDIA FOUNDERED ISLES OF SCILLY 1743 on the obverse and a picture of the ship with the VOC (Dutch East India Co.) monogram on the reverse, with official hallmarks on edge, lightly polished Mint State, beautifully toned. With blue clamshell presentation case, booklet and certificate. Estimate: $50-$75.

Guatemala 1811. Guatemala, silver 2 reales-sized proclamation medal, Ferdinand VII, 1812, Constitution. Grove-F67a. 7.2 grams. Once lightly cleaned but now colorfully toned, XF+ with some old digs and scratches, edge and rim like a bust 2R. Estimate: $100-$150.

Mexico

1812. San Luis PotosĂ­, Mexico, silver 2 reales-sized proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1790. Medina-246. 4.7 grams. XF with attractive light toning all over, small hole at top. Estimate: $100-$150.

1814. Mexico, gilt- and enameled-metal honor prize medal

1813. Mexico, brass tequila token, Los Camichines Distiller y (Lazaro J. Gallardo), founded 1857. 11.7 old token with agave plant on one side and bottles/jars on other side, countermarked with incuse Germanic eagle on bottles side and Mexican eagle on agave side, crude AVF with old luster and toning. Estimate: $80-$120. grams. Curious

with cord for hanging, probably 1900s, with legend ACADEMIA MEXICANA DE LAS BELLAS ARTES and LEGION DE HONOR NACIONAL. 54 grams. Twentiethcentury academic honor medal with green-enameled wreath surrounding inner circles (also enameled) around a central eagle superimposed over the Mexican colors, blank reverse, 8-point design suspended from simple, twisted cord in red and white. Estimate: $100-$150.

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1815. Mexico City, Mexico, silver medal made from Atocha (1622) silver in custom Lucite holder and clamshell case, with certificates. 27.27 grams. This is basically a Mexican Royal 8R 1621D restrike, as the design is completely accurate, yet it is clearly not intended to deceive and comes housed in a special holder embossed with GENUINE LOST SILVER TREASURE OF THE ATOCHA (the coin resting inside a picture of a treasure chest), officially struck at the Mexico City mint from silver recovered from the ship (melted down from one of the big loaf-shaped bars, specifically #193, if the accompanying certificate is accurate), with official mint-official certificate, undated but probably done in the late 1980s, the medal itself lustrous, frosty and of course Mint State, with toning around rims. Note a similar specimen in our Treasure Auction #6 (October, 2009) sold for $240. Estimate: $125-$200.

Panama 1816. Panama, silver medal “GIBRALTAR DE AMERICA”, early 1800s, extremely rare. 21.5 grams. Large, uniface oval medal with eagle perched on cannon in wreath with GIBRALTAR at top and DE AMERICA below the cannon, plain edge (as opposed to an oval-and-star design on the only other one we have seen, lot #782 of the Renaissance auction of December 6, 2000, sold for $1,840), choice grade (at least XF+) and lightly toned all over, with desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the ANS collection (Morton and Eden auction of April 16, 2007). Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Peru 1817. Peru, silver “10 reales”-sized proclamation medal, 1839 (Constitution). Fonrobert-9062. 38.2 grams. Large medal proclaiming the Peruvian Republic Constitution in 1839, engraved by A. Dávalos G., showing Lady Liberty standing on a crowned, 3-tailed serpent (representing Spain) on the obverse and proclamation on the reverse, choice AU, lightly cleaned, lustrous, starting to tone, with minor rim-bruise, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Coco Derman collection. Estimate: $600$900.

1818. Peru, silver 4 reales-sized proclamation medal, 1856 (National Convention). 13.8 grams. This medal has the most breathtakingly beautiful peacock toning we have ever seen, fully Mint State and lustrous, showing the Peruvian arms on one side and the open-book Constitution on the other, dated 1856 and with legends related to the National Convention of that year, which is when the post of Prime Minister was created. Estimate: $250-$375.

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Spain 1819. Spain, pewter medal of Ferdinand VII (1808-33), holed as made, with legends VIVA LARGO TIEMPO LA RAZA DE LOS BOURBONES on obverse and EL PATIOTA VERDADERO and NOS ARMAMOS PARA ASSEGURAR NUESTRA LIBERTAD, rare. 18.3 grams. Reportedly one of only 3 specimens known, with bust of king on obverse and coat-of-arms and cannon and other armament on reverse, of unknown date and origin but clearly an example of Bourbon propaganda, possibly from the Napoleonic era, XF with much silver color and luster around the usual gray. Estimate: $350-$500.

Uruguay 1820. Uruguay, silver token (early 1800s?) with reverse made to look like a Mexican bust-type 4 reales of the late 1700s. 12.6 grams. Uruguayan arms with ESTADO ORIENTAL DEL URUGUAY (its early name) on obverse, the reverse an imitation of a Mexican 4 reales of assayer MF, lustrous AU, no flaws. Estimate: $125-$200.

1821. Uruguay, silver 1846 Medal of Honor for General Garibaldi for his participation in the Battle of San Antonio, struck on a Montevideo siege peso of 1844 (the date erased). 28.5 grams. Unique medal with raised center showing legend INVINCIBLES COMBATIERON around EL 8 DE FEBRERO 1846 in the center, struck on the reverse of a Uruguayan peso of 1844 (KM-5, a rarity in itself) but with that date effaced on the coin, looped for suspension, toned XF overall. In the Battle of San Antonio, 200 members of the Italian Legion took part and suffered 30 dead and 53 injured men. While the usual silver oval medal awarded to the soldiers on that occasion is already quite scarce, the present specimen is naturally of another magnitude in importance due to its uniqueness and the historical figure it was awarded to. A copy of the corresponding decree can be found on pages 187-188 in the scarce work Boletin Historico Estado Mayor del Ejercito, No. 21 of 1941. Pedigreed to the Superior auction of June 7-10, 1987, and originally acquired by a Mr. Giusseppe Tagliafico in Tunis. Estimate: $1,500$2,250.

Venezuela 1822. Venezuela, gold decoration (medal) with bust of BolĂ­var, early 1800s? 1.5 grams. Gold oval with blue enamel around portrait of

BolĂ­var inside beaded border, outside of which is a gilt-metal starburst with suspension loop at top, the reverse of it showing the Venezuelan coat of arms, VF condition (we suppose) and wearable. Estimate: $150-$225.

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PAPER MONEY Cayman Islands (British West Indies) 1823. Cayman Islands Currency Board, ten dollars, 1996 experimental paper (X/1 note), rare. KM-18b. Just a $10 bill from 1996, with Queen Elizabeth on obverse and beach scene with open treasure chest on reverse, but printed (by de la Rue) on special, experimental paper (as designated by the X/1 in front of the serial number) and then recalled for analysis and subsequently destroyed, making escapees like this one rare, in fact the rarest of all Cayman notes, recently selling for 4 figures at auction, this example in AU+ condition. Estimate: $1,500$2,000.

United States colonial

1824. Connecticut, 10 shillings, 1775. 2-3/4" x 3-1/2". Dated January 2, 1775, printed by T. Green, with black printing and signatures in red, creased in middle with tape repairs on reverse, otherwise Fine. Estimate: $40-$60.

1826. Massachusetts, 168 pounds 3 shillings, 1777. 9"

x

9". Large note, essentially an interest-bearing bond, with interest

1825. Maryland (Baltimore), 30 dollars, 1777, PMG Choice About Unc-58 Exceptional Paper Quality. 3-5/8" x 2-3/ 4". Continental Currency denominated in “Thirty Spanish milled Dollars� and dated February 26, 1777, printed by Hall and Sellers, with black printing and signatures in red and brown, choice grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $500$750.

at 6% per annum and to be repaid by March 1, 1781, with black printing and signatures in various shades of brown, a few small holes where creased and folded but no repairs and generally VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300$450.

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1829. Massachusetts, 1 dollar, 1780. 3-1/2"

x 2-7/8". Small

colonial note denominated in “One Spanish Milled Dollar” but essentially an interest-bearing bond, with interest at 5% per annum and to be repaid by December 31, 1786, printed by Hall and Sellers, with black and red printing and signatures in brown and black, also boldly stamped in red with “interest paid one year” and with circular hole cut in center, VF or so. Estimate: $60-$90.

1827. Massachusetts, 104 pounds 7 shillings, 1777. 8-3/4" x 9". Large note, essentially an interest-bearing bond, with interest

at 6% per annum and to be repaid by March 1, 1781, with black printing and signatures in various shades of brown, also signed on the back and with the treasurer’s signature boldly X’ed out, only one or two tiny holes where creased and folded but no repairs and generally VF. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

1828. Massachusetts, 20 dollars, 1780, PMG Choice Uncirculated-64 Exceptional Paper Quality. 3-1/2" x 2-7/ 8". Small colonial note denominated in “Twenty Spanish milled Dollars” but essentially an interest-bearing bond, with interest at 6% per annum and to be repaid by December 31, 1786, printed by Hall and Sellers, with black and red printing and signatures in brown and red, also stamped in red with “interest paid one year” and with diamond-shaped hole cut in center, choice grade. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $150$275.

1830. New Jersey (under Great Britain), 15 shillings, 1776. 4" x 2-1/4". Small colonial note dated March 25, 1776, in the name of George III, printed by Isaac Collins in Burlington, with black and red printing and signatures in brown, a bit worn (VG+) and creased and brown from age but intact and of course desirable as the year of US independence (July was just around the corner!), with ominous phrase on back “to counterfeit is death”. Estimate: $60-$90.

1831. New York, 1 dollar, 1776. 4-1/4" x 2-5/8". Small colonial note denominated in “One Spanish milled Dollar or the Value thereof in Gold or Silver,” printed by Samuel Loudon in black ink and signed in dark purple, worn and creased (G) and with many tiny pinholes but no repairs, desirable as the year of US Independence. Estimate: $50-$75.

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1832. North Carolina, 40 shillings, 1768, PMG Choice Fine 15 Restoration. 3-3/8" x 2-3/4". Small colonial note denominated in “Forty Shillings, Proclamation Money,” to be repaid after June 10, 1772, printed in black on one side, with signatures in shades of black on both sides, with tiny pinholes and repaired creases but otherwise nice, with ominous phrase “Death to counterfeit” printed in margins. Estimate: $200-$300.

1833. Pennsylvania, 12 shillings, 1777. 4"

x 2-1/2". Small colonial note dated April 10, 1777, printed by John Dunlap in black (both sides), with signatures in faded brown, no creases but brown from age, Fine or so. Estimate: $50-$75.

STAMPS featuring treasure themes Australia

1834. Australia, 1985 set of 4 stamps (33c, 50c, 90c and $1, all depicting artifacts from the wrecks) on one special FDC envelope printed with information about the top 5 shipwrecks off the coast of Western Australia: Trial (1622), Batavia (1629), Vergulde Draeck (1656), Zuytdorp (1712) and Zeewijk (1727). 8-5/8" x 4-5/16". Great souvenir for the Australian shipwreck collector, the envelope printed with wreck scene in red and black on the front and wreck data and credits on back, the 4 stamps showing an astrolabe, a Bellarmine jug, scissors and a buckle, Near Mint condition. Estimate: $25$40.

1835. Australia, 1985 $1 stamp on special FDC postcard showing a silver buckle from the wreck of the Zeewijk (as printed on the card and stamp), sunk in 1727 off Western Australia. 6" x 4". With wreck and salvage history printed on back, Mint condition. Estimate: $20-$30.

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Bermuda 1836. Bermuda, 1969 corner plate block (4 stamps) of 2 shillings 6 pence per stamp (red), showing Teddy Tucker’s famous emerald cross from the San Pedro (1594), recovered in 1955. 4-1/8" x 2-7/8". Mint condition, with “1594 TREASURE FROM THE SEA” to right of full-color picture of the famous emerald cross found by Tucker in 1955, which he sold to the government of Bermuda in 1963, later stolen from the museum and never recovered. Estimate: $25-$40.

1837. Bermuda, 1969 corner plate block (4 stamps) of 2 shillings per stamp (black), showing Teddy Tucker’s famous emerald cross from the San Pedro (1594), recovered in 1955. 4-1/8" x 2-7/8". Mint condition, with “1594 TREASURE FROM THE SEA” to right of full-color picture of the famous emerald cross found by Tucker in 1955, which he sold to the government of Bermuda in 1963, later stolen from the museum and never recovered. Estimate: $25-$40.

1838. Bermuda, 1969 corner plate block (4 stamps) of 1 shilling 3 pence per stamp (green), showing Teddy Tucker’s famous emerald cross from the San Pedro (1594), recovered in 1955.4-1/8" x 2-7/8". Mint condition, with “1594 TREASURE FROM THE SEA” to right of full-color picture of the famous emerald cross found by Tucker in 1955, which he sold to the government of Bermuda in 1963, later stolen from the museum and never recovered. Estimate: $25-$40.

1839. Bermuda, 1969 corner plate block (4 stamps) of 4 pence per stamp (purple), showing Teddy Tucker’s famous emerald cross from the San Pedro (1594), recovered in 1955. 4-1/8" x 2-7/8". Mint condition, with “1594 TREASURE FROM THE SEA” to right of full-color picture of the famous emerald cross found by Tucker in 1955, which he sold to the government of Bermuda in 1963, later stolen from the museum and never recovered. Estimate: $25-$40.

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Ecuador 1840. Ecuador, 2006 set of 3 stamps (40c, 40c and $1) on a glossy FDC envelope (limited edition number 140) themed for “Pirates of the Gulf and Galapagos,” showing Thomas Cavendish on the envelope and Francis Drake and William Dampier on the stamps, no doubt inspired by the discovery of the pirate-chased Consolación sunk off Ecuador in 1681. 6-1/4" x 4". Very Disney-esque envelope with lots of graphics but no information about wrecks, near Mint condition. Estimate: $25-$40.

South Africa 1841. South Africa (Transkei), 1988 set of 4 stamps (16c, 30c, 40c and 50c, all depicting scenes of and artifacts from the wreck) on an FDC envelope printed with a picture of the Grosvenor, sunk off the Transkei coast in 1782, with full history of the wreck printed on a card inside the envelope. 7-1/2" x 4". Mint condition, beautifully printed with a full-color picture of the ship under sail on the front, the card inside written by John H. Marsh and covering the wreck and salvage history, a perfect companion for the coin lots in this auction from the same wreck!

Estimate: $25-$40.

1842. South Africa (Transkei), 1988 set of 4 stamps (16c, 30c, 40c and 50c, all depicting scenes of and artifacts from the wreck) on an FDC envelope commemorating the Grosvenor, sunk off the Transkei coast in 1782, the envelope itself a special, numbered limited-edition (#76/600) version in silk with pictured applied. 8-5/8" x 4-3/8". Mint condition, with no wreck history but with depiction of artifacts on special silkscreen affixed to front, the card inside blank, a perfect companion for the coin lots in this auction from the same wreck! Estimate: $25-$40.

Turks & Caicos St. Helena

1843. St. Helena, 1978 set of 4 stamps (5p, 8p, 9p and 15p, all depicting artifacts from the wreck) commemorating the Witte Leeuw, sunk off St. Helena in 1613. Each stamp 13/4" x 1-1/16".Beautiful stamps (all Mint condition) depicting a cannon, porcelains and other utensils from the wreck. Estimate: $25-$40.

1844. Turks & Caicos, 1973 set of 4 stamps (3c, 5c, 10c and 30c) showing treasure hunting and the famous 1687 Phipps medal that those islands reproduced in silver to help their claim on the Concepción wreck of 1641 off Hispaniola. Each stamp 1-1/8" x 1-3/4". Colorful stamps in Mint condition, perfect companion for the original Phipps medals in this auction. Estimate: $25-$40.

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ARTIFACTS Shipwreck artifacts Unidentified 12th- to 14th-century wreck in the Unidentified 15th- to 16th-century wreck off Philippines Quezon Town, Palawan, Philippines 1845. Large stoneware storage jar, encrusted as found. 2326 grams, 12" tall and 6-1/ 2" in diameter. A tall vase with flat bottom and wide-rimmed mouth, tiny handles on shoulders, perfectly intact but with light encrustation all over (and small oysters inside), traces of dark glaze and orange clay showing through. Estimate: $450-$700.

powder-box, multi-colored floral design, Ming Dynasty, rare. 148 grams, 1-1/2" tall and 3-1/2" in diameter. A common shape but rare with significant amounts of the original red and blue overglaze design remaining in addition to the usual blue (all on the top), the two pieces somewhat mismatched in tone and exact fit, tiny chips under rim, otherwise intact. Estimate: $350-$500.

“Hoi An hoard,� sunk in the late 1400s off Vietnam

Unidentified slave ship sunk in 1553 off Portete, Ecuador

1848. Chinese porcelain lidded

1846. Small Annamese jarlet, blue-on-cream color, bird and plants design. 71 grams, 1-7/8" tall and 2-1/8" in diameter. Common design with birds and plants on exterior, flower petals around mouth at top, otherwise all creamy white, with curious corkscrew mound in bottom inside, intact except for kiln defect (hole) on shoulder, the wreck found and salvaged in the 1990s, with most of it sold at auction by Butterfields in 2000. Estimate: $125$200.

1847. Small Annamese jarlet, blueon-cream color, bird and plants design. 55 grams, 1-3/4" tall and 2" in diameter. Common design with birds and plants on exterior, flower petals around mouth at top, with curious corkscrew mound in bottom inside, the glaze and design somewhat eroded but with bits of original green overglaze adhering, intact except for small kiln defect (void) on shoulder, the wreck found and salvaged in the 1990s, with most of it sold at auction by Butterfields in 2000. Estimate: $100$150.

1849. Lot of 2 brass spikes. 183 grams total, 6"-7" long. Two spikes with square shanks and heads in bright brass, only very lightly corroded, important slave-ship provenance. With photo-certificates from the salvagers. Estimate: $80-$120.

1850. Lot of 2 brass spikes. 350 grams total, 6"-6-1/2" long. One thick, round spike and the other with square shank and head, the latter cleaned and brassy but the former still lightly encrusted, important slave-ship provenance. With photo-certificates from the salvagers. Estimate: $80-$120.

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Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida 1851. Gold chain, 80 links, 158.6 grams. 19" long. A wearable length of sturdy links of elegant ribbed design, the links alternating straight reeding with twisted, each one hand-made in a continuous line and then cut and bent into nearly oval shape, which the owner could easily bend back to cull out links and trade them as tax-free money (since jewelry was not taxed), exactly identical to lots 136-138 of the original Christie’s Atocha auction in 1988, which sold for over $450 per link on average, the gold probably around 20K and a lovely patinated yellow in color. With Fisher photocertificate #51486-2. Estimate: $25,000-$37,500.

1852. Large, natural, dark-green emerald, 10.52 carats. An impressive nugget, almost spherical in shape and very dark green in color, with enough translucence possibly to be cut into usable gems, light encrustation in crevices, truly one of the best raw emeralds from this wreck we have ever seen. With original Mel Fisher photo-certificate #85A-E139 and plastic tag. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

1853. Natural emerald, 2.75 carats. Dark color and classic crystal shape (hexagonal cross-section), with some slightly translucent parts and whitish matrix at one end. With original Fisher certificate #LE8163. Estimate: $500-$750.

1854. Natural emerald, 2.5 carats. Rough crystal but still naturally hexagonal in cross-section, nice medium green color and typically opaque, better than most. With Fisher certificate #LE1325. Estimate: $300-$450.

1855. Natural emerald, 1.75 carats. A triangular wedge of very light color and thorough opacity, very whitish also from encrustation. With Fisher certificate #63219. Estimate: $200-$300.

1856. Natural emerald, 1.42 carats. Light-green pebble with whitish areas, completely opaque, very typical for this wreck. With Fisher certificate #62402. Estimate: $150-$225.

1857. Natural emerald, 1.09 carats. A small sliver of somewhat translucent and only slightly green crystal, very typical for this wreck. With Fisher certificate #62376. Estimate: $100-$150.

1858. Natural emerald, about 1.5 carats, certificate missing. A shiny, opaque crystal of very light green, very typical for this wreck, with original numbered tag but no certificate. With TSI plastic tag #1625. Estimate: $75-$110.

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1861. Small, encrusted iron cannonball. 633 grams, 3" in diameter. Intact ball surrounded by whitish encrustation and the outlines of two other balls, rusty but solid and stable. With non-Fisher photo-certificate.

Estimate: $50-$75.

1862. Lot of 2 replica items: a small, gold, sword-shaped toothpick made to look like ones found on the wreck; and a small, rectangular silver bar with markings made from silver taken from an original (large) ingot. 8.9 grams total, each about 1-1/4" long. These two souvenirs were purchased at a traveling show in Washington State (which demonstrates how far and wide the Atocha popularity has reached across the country), both fairly often-seen items, the toothpick ornate and attractive but the little silver ingot (with markings like on the real bars on one side and “ATOCHA 1622� on the other) rather crude and starting to tone. Estimate: $40-$60.

Unidentified Spanish wreck of the 1600s in the lower Florida Keys 1859. Large and intact silver candlestick holder and heavy, round base, marked with crown in beaded circle. 467 grams, 10" tall and about 6-1/2" in diameter. Very impressive artifact, solid and heavy and fully intact, with 7"-long stem of graduatedring design screwed into a wide, tall, round base that bears a faint but distinctive crown marking on the bottom rim (showing tax paid), with small dents and splits, the surfaces only very lightly corroded and lightly toned, a significant item that originally sold for $5,280 in 1988. With Fisher photo-certificate #696+2061 (base and neck), water-damaged (from Hurricane Wilma), and pedigreed to the Christie’s Atocha auction of June 1988. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

1863. Small majolica bowl, intact but slightly encrusted. 118 grams, 4" in diameter and 1-1/2" tall. Small, ashtray-sized bowl in red

earthenware coated with blue and white glaze, thickly encrusted inside with whitish coral, chips and wear here and there but fundamentally intact. Estimate: $70-$100.

1860. Lot of silver spoon in 2 pieces with 1 lead musketball (no certificate). The spoon 18.3 grams and about 3" x 1-1/2", the musketball 47.6 grams and 3/4" in diameter. Broken and corroded but recognizable spoon in shiny silver, no markings visible, along with a plain (lightly encrusted) musketball. With TSI plastic tag #1168. Estimate: $75-$110.

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Mid-1600s wreck off South America 1864. Bronze astrolabe in exceptional condition, dated 1656, maker Agostinho de Goes Raposo (Lisbon), alidade intact. 2425 grams, 6-1/2" in diameter and 3/4" thick. Consisting of a graduated circle with a rotating alidade in the center, all in thick, sturdy bronze, this astrolabe was used to determine latitude by measuring the sun’s altitude using vertical angles. Holding the instrument by its top ring (missing on this piece) so that the astrolabe would suspend vertically, the navigator could turn the alidade to point to the sun at noontime and read off the angle and therefore the latitude from the scale around the ring. Such instruments are quite rare today and are meticulously cataloged by the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich, England, whose records in the 1988 reference book by Alan Stimson The Mariner’s Astrolabe reported that only 65 were known to exist at the time. We estimate that probably no more than a dozen or so have come to light since then, and the present specimen is making its first appearance. What is most significant about this piece is that on the semi-circular structure at the bottom one can make out both a date (16-56 flanking an undeciphered central marking) and the maker’s name GOYS in the outer ring at the very bottom. For now the details emanate weakly from underneath a lovely tan and green patina all over, as it is still uncleaned; but careful conservation at this point could reveal one of the best preserved salvaged specimens of all time, especially since the often-missing alidade is intact (its sights just bent inward slightly). For comparison (albeit with much more significant provenance), the four astrolabes from the Atocha (1622) sold in 1988 (Christie’s) for an average of $87,450 each! Estimate: $35,000-$50,000.

Unidentified 17th-century wreck off Cotabato, Mindanao, Philippines

1865. Blue-and-white Chinese porcelain plate (large), late Ming Dynasty, koi fish motif, 6 Chinese characters on base. 1758 grams, 13-1/2" in diameter. Large and lovely shallow bowl, with vivid blue design featuring 3 carp and several tadpoles in the center, floral design all around and on the 1" rim, no exterior design except for Chinese characters on base, perfectly intact, the glaze somewhat matte in texture. With Philippines National Museum sticker #0094403. Estimate: $600-$900.

1866. Blue-and-white Chinese porcelain jar (large), late Ming Dynasty, flowers motif (dark blue). 2880 grams, 10-1/2" tall. A large, bulbous, wide-mouthed and flat-bottomed vase with dark blue floral design coating the entire exterior, brown on the bottom, perfectly intact and with lustrous glaze. With Philippines National Museum sticker #0090832. Estimate: $500-$750.

1867. Blue-and-white Chinese porcelain jar (medium), late Ming Dynasty, birds and flowers motif. 1881 grams, 8-1/4" tall. Lovely large vase with wide mouth and flat base, floral design on exterior with one tall bird (pheasant?) and two small birds (hummingbirds?) around a plant, perfectly intact and with lustrous glaze. With Philippines National Museum sticker #0090831. Estimate: $450-$650.

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1871. Blue-and-white Chinese porcelain jar (small), late 1868. Blue-and-white Chinese porcelain jar (small), late Ming Dynasty, flowers motif (dark blue), with maker’s mark rabbit on base. 1063 grams, 7-1/2" tall. Gorgeous light-blue design all over (blue fields, white flowers), perfectly intact and with lustrous glaze, the interior showing how it was made from two joined parts. With Philippines National Museum sticker #0090828. Estimate: $400-$600.

Ming Dynasty, plants motif, with maker’s mark rabbit on base. 1007 grams, 6-1/4" tall. Basket-weave pattern with four flowers on shoulders above scene with three different plants, perfectly intact and with lustrous glaze, with silvery overglaze remaining here and there. With Philippines National Museum sticker #0090957. Estimate: $400-$600.

1869. Blue-and-white Chinese porcelain jar (small), late Ming Dynasty, 4 people motif, with maker’s mark rabbit on base. 1179 grams, 7-1/2" tall. Basket-weave pattern with four flowers on shoulders above scene with four very differently dressed humans, deep base, perfectly intact and with lustrous glaze, the interior showing how it was made from two joined parts. W ith Philippines National Museum sticker #0090087. Estimate: $400-$600.

1872. Blue-and-white Chinese porcelain jar (small), late Ming Dynasty, horse and birds motif, with maker’s mark rabbit on base. 1263 grams, 6-1/4" tall. Basket-weave pattern with four flowers on shoulders above scene with horse and two large birds in flight among plants, perfectly intact and with lustrous glaze. With Philippines National Museum sticker #0090953. Estimate: $400-$600.

1870. Blue-and-white Chinese porcelain jar (small), late Ming Dynasty, dragons motif, with maker’s mark rabbit on base. 962 grams, 6-1/2" tall. Basket-weave pattern with four flowers on shoulders above scene with two dragons in flight, perfectly intact and with lustrous glaze. With Philippines National Museum sticker #0090827. Estimate: $400-$600.

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Sacramento, sunk in 1668 off the Bay of All 1877. Gold ring with 3 small green gemstones (possibly Saints, Brazil 1873. Small, bulbous, earthenware pitcher. 434 grams, 7" tall. Cute little decanter with pinched-lip rim and simple handle, flat bottom, all tan now but with traces of original green glaze and some minor encrustation, intact except for chips in rim and base. Estimate: $200-$300.

1874. Lot of miscellaneous brass and lead items, including large bottle caps (6), large knobs (4) and small, cap-like ornaments (12). 862 grams total. Sundry lot of encrusted (uncleaned) items, all intact for what they are, nice for individual resale. Estimate: $60-$90.

1878. Lot of 2 gold rings (one broken) with crystal stones (one colored red, the other clear). 4.5 grams and size 6-1/2 (clear); 3.1 grams and size 5-1/2 (red). The first of these rings bears a square, faceted, clear stone of about 3 carats held by a ribbed-side bezel on a flat-ribbon band that is somewhat disfigured and separated, the gold clearly high grade; the second and smaller ring has a more ornate, leafy design (also high-grade gold) with small (approx. 1 carat), square, faceted, purplish-red stone at top. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

1681 Fleet off Panama (Boticaria site)

1875. Gold locket pendant case.

emeralds). 2.8 grams, size 6. Medium-gauge, high-karat, gold-wire ring with rectangular top embedded with three small (approx. 1 carat each), translucent, green stones (one with small chip), one of them slightly darker than the others. Estimate: $600-$900.

1879. Gold ring with red-orange stone. 6.7 grams, 10.1 grams, 1-7/8" in

diameter. Bright

and lustrous, high-grade gold, thin and round, believed to be the back of a locket (probably a reliquary), with loop at top for suspension, with floral design in center and scalloped edge, very impressive. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1876. Gold ring with green gemstone (possibly an emerald). 2.1 grams, size 7-1/4. Thin and crude, high-karat, goldwire ring with approximately 2carat, translucent, dark-green stone that looks like an emerald but seems too high grade for the setting, also with scratches in the stone’s surface, but passable in any case, especially in the 17th century. Estimate: $600-$900.

size 7-1/

4. Simple but heavy-gauge gold-wire ring with large, round stone

in top that is opaque and dark orange in color but somewhat shattered. Estimate: $350-$500.

1880. Gold ring with gray stone. 2.7 grams, size 5-1/4. Flat, ribbon-like band of high-grade gold with flower-like bezel at top containing a flat, round grayish stone or porcelain with faint blue cross-like design. Estimate: $400-$600.

1881. Ornate gold filigree earring (large). 4.6 grams, 1-3/4" x 1-1/8". Intricate, spade-shaped design with 4 wire hangers (one missing) below and shepherd’s crook on back, with tiny posts protruding, the posts and hangers probably once holding tiny pearls (now missing), rather attractive for its ornateness and in high-grade gold. Estimate: $400-$600.

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1882. Ornate gold filigree earring (smaller). 2.4 grams, 1-1/8" x 1-1/ 8". Somewhat circular design (the top loop of it open for piercing through the earlobe), with 5 wire hangers below (plain back) and tiny posts protruding, the hangers and posts probably once holding tiny pearls (now missing), attractively ornate in high-grade gold. Estimate: $350-$500.

1883. Gold earring (snake design). 1.0 gram, 3/4" in diameter. Circular wire with one end terminating in a sharp point and the other shaped and etched to look like a snake or fish with large lips, simple hole added at top to use as a pendant instead, all in high-grade gold. Estimate: $200-$300.

1886. Lot of 2 small silver reliquary halves. 8.5 grams total, each about 1-3/8" in diameter. Matching

halves of a round, thinwalled locket, the exteriors showing a design of a large S on one side and a pomegranate on the other, cracked and split but fundamentally intact, bright silver color. Estimate: $100-$150.

1887. Large silver plate with hallmark. 820 grams, 11-1/2" in diameter. Big

1884. Silver reliquary pendant with clay Madonna figure inside. 33.3 grams, 2-3/8" x 1-3/4" x 3/8". Oval, thin-walled locket with separate lid that shows the letter S and some design, the double-walled inside containing a clay figurine that is shattered but nearly all there, loop at top, dark silver with no surface corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

plate with wide (1-3/4" rim), on the underside of which is a large M and an unidentified oval mark, intact except for small holes all over, toned silver color. Estimate: $400$600.

1888. Smaller silver plate with hallmark. 570 grams, 9-1/4" in diameter. Impressively

1885. Silver reliquary half with clay figure inside. 12.0 grams, about 1-3/4" x 1-1/4". Thin-walled oval locket half

with crownedMR monogram design on the outside, the inside with Madonna figure in clay, the silver part broken. Estimate: $100-$150.

intact plate with wide (1-1/2") rim, on the bottom of which is a large M and an oval mark that looks like a crown above the initials G G A, silvery in color and texture (professionally conserved), one small crack in rim. Estimate: $350-$500.

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1894. Pewter candlestick holder. 272 grams, about 4-1/2" x 4" x 3-1/2". Square base

with integrated upright portion, intact except for small missing pieces of base and splits, minimal design, matte gray color. Estimate: $40-$60.

1889. Set of 3 silver cups. 209 grams total, each about 2-5/8" in diameter and 2" tall. Very

plain but well-preserved cups with thin walls, flat bottoms with Jerusalem crosses thinly engraved in centers, bright silver with light toning, no corrosion at all. Estimate: $350-$500.

1890. Top of a silver sand or salt cellar. 17.8 grams, 1-7/8" long. Minaret-like round finial with screw base and holes in sides, intact except for a few minor corrosion holes, very cute, identical to ones found on the Atocha (1622). Estimate: $60$90.

1891. Large, English pewter spoon with

1895. Pewter ingot cut in half. 15 lb 6 oz, 9-1/4" x 4-3/8" x 2-1/ 2". A

heavy half-ingot, cast like a silver “torta� and very silver in color (especially where the perfect half-cut was made), but unfortunately just pewter, uncorroded and unencrusted and devoid of any markings, now useful as a bookend or weight. Estimate: $80-$120.

1896. Small pewter pitcher, encrusted. 259 grams, 4-1/2" tall and 3" in diameter. Fundamentally intact (and very cute!) but with holes and encrusted, with thin handle attached to lid at top (fused shut).Estimate: $50-$75.

1652 Tudor rose hallmark. 85.5 grams, 8" flattened spoon with full hallmark at end of handle showing the Tudor rose below date in crown, very solid and intact. Estimate: $50-$75.

1892. Brass spoon with or nate design. 30.9 grams, 6-1/4" long. Unmarked but fully intact spoon with ornate floral design engraved on bottom of bowl, bright brass color with luster, thin handle with some design as well. Estimate: $50-$75. long. A

1893. Pewter inkwell. 671 grams, 2-5/8" x 2-1/4" x 2-3/4". Wonderfully

intact artifact, a neat cube with central cup surrounded by holes at corners, no markings but nice lustrous surfaces with a modicum of encrustation in crevices. Estimate: $200$300.

1897. Lot of 2 large bronze bowls. 1094 grams total, each about 11-1/2" wide and 3" tall. Two large, thin-walled bowls (one circular

and one oval) in dark brass with 1" rims, concentric-circle pattern inside and out, a bit chipped and wrinkled and holed but fundamentally intact, very hat-like in appearance. Estimate: $70-$100.

317

1901. Lot of 3 brass candlestick parts. 402 grams total, diameters around 4-1/2". Two large bases (one round and tall, darkly toned

and encrusted inside, the other octagonal and fairly clean) and one screw-type stem (darkly patinated). Estimate: $150-$225.

1898. Bronze ship’s bell.

About 23 lb, 10" tall and 9" in

diameter. Bells

from shipwrecks are in same category of price and importance (more or less) as bronze cannons, as they are large and heavy but recognizable and rare, as typically each ship only had one bell. This bell is relatively small, so perhaps the ship was also small or the bell had another purpose, but in any case it is intact (just missing part of the hanger at top and of course the clapper inside) and solid, with surface corrosion (no visible markings) inside and out, natural bronze color with some patina and nearly black spots where not so corroded, impressive for display. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1899. Bronze mortar and pestle. 14 lb total, the mortar 6-1/ 2" in diameter and 4-3/4" tall, the pestle 9-1/4" long. A large, flat-

bottomed mug and roundtipped bar used for grinding medicines, no design or markings but perfectly intact (just the surfaces a little corroded and some encrustation on the bottom), heavy and significant artifact, and somewhat rare as a matching set. Estimate: $350-$500.

1902. Set of 4 brass nested weights. 363 grams, 2" in diameter and 1-1/4" tall overall. A

plain and incomplete set of cup-weights that nest one inside the other, one encrusted but the others clean, with light surface corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

1903. Brass navigational dividers. 35.3 grams, 4-3/8" long. Impressively intact, even with one point still sharp (the tip of the other broken), with design at top of laterally intersecting ovals, still openable, lustrous brass color all over. Estimate: $400-$600.

1904. Lot of 4 clumps of brass pins and thimbles. 93 grams total. Four attractive lumps of whitish, shelly encrustation with pins sticking out and several intact thimbles protruding, nice display. Estimate: $100-$150.

1905. Pair of small brass cannonballs (rare). 1612 grams total, 1900. Brass pestle. 564 grams, 8-1/4" long. Solid brass bar with rounded end for mashing medicines or spices (for example) in a mortar, the other end a handle (unlike most, which have both ends rounded), light corrosion only. Estimate: $60-$90.

each about 2-1/3" in diameter. First

examples we have seen of SMALL cannonballs in brass, which is scarce even in larger sizes, both in solid condition with only minor pitting and some green encrustation. Estimate: $400-$600.

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Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa

1910. Rack of 6 lead “half ” musketballs from mold. 157.4 1906. Bronze musketball mold (rare) with 7 lead musketballs. 950 grams total, the mold 3-3/8" x 2-5/8" x 1". This small mold is the first of its kind we have seen, basically one of a series of blocks with matching circular depressions on both sides for several sizes of balls, with perpendicular channels along rim on one side, accompanied by a sampling of musketballs. Estimate: $150-$225.

grams, 5-1/2" x 1-1/8". Six large musketball halves in their original mold, rare to see like this and especially scarce from this wreck, lightly encr usted. With original certificate fr om the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

1911. Lot of lead musketballs and “half ” musketballs in racks (from mold) plus lead bottle cap. 162 g rams total. Fascinating items showing how (at least some) musketballs were molded and how bottles were sealed, somewhat scarce from this wreck. With original certificates from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

Princess Maria, sunk in 1686 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England

1907. Earthenware olive jar (spherical). 7 lb 2 oz, 10-1/2" tall 1912. Clay smoking pipe. 13.2 grams, 4-1/4" long. Dainty little and 8-1/2" in diameter. Fully

intact, with somewhat greenish (and lustrous) surfaces with minor encr ustation, great for display. Estimate: $250-$375.

1908. Cinnabar mineral. 230 grams, roughly 2-1/4" x 2" x 1". A sizable chunk of scarlet-color mineral of striated texture, known as the primary ore of mercury, which of course was critical for separating gold from rock, rare to see from a shipwreck. Estimate: $60-$90.

1909. Small section of sturdy cloth with design (rare). 5.1 grams, 4-1/2" long. Thick, brownish burlap with some dark design, just a small section but rare to see ANY cloth survive the immersion. Estimate: $50-$75.

pipe with small bowl and long stem (all intact but typically broken off at mouth end), all white in color, with flower-like mark on base and reeding around rim, first we have offered from this wreck, a Dutch East Indiaman that sank in a storm and triggred an fascinating episode between King James II (whose interest in shipwreck salvaging is well known, for example in the 1687 venture of William Phipps and the Concepción wreck of 1641) and the Dutch government over the wreck and its contents. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $60-$90.

From the sunken city of Port Royal, Jamaica (submerged by earthquake in 1694) 1913. Small, brass shoe buckle. 8.4 grams, 1buckle of a simple design, with inner hasp parts intact, very coppery in color with green patina, popular provenance. With Robert Marx certificate. Estimate: $40-$60.

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1/2" x 1-1/8". Rectangular

1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida

Merestein, sunk in 1702 off South Africa

1918. Gold ring with amethyst. 4.2 grams, size 1-3/ 4. This simple but impressive

1914. Gold filigree button and bead. 3.1 grams total. Ornate button, about 1/2" in diameter, sort of a flattened sphere of curlicues, with back-loop intact but bent, along with a matching-design fine bead (much smaller), both evidently in high-grade gold. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $125-$200.

Association, sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England 1915. Set of 4 brass disk-type weights. 2022 grams total, largest Brightly cleaned brass disks of various sizes, all with shallow rim around the top (to keep them from sliding around) but otherwise rather flat and plain (no markings), probably used in pan scales, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Roland Morris Museum (David Lay auction of May 22, 2002), with World Treasure Books photo-certificate.

Estimate: $100-$150.

1916. Two fragments of a bronze compass ring. 50.4 grams, 5-1/ 2" long in total. One long piece and one short one, both with numeric scale visible, once the outer ring of a large compass of a design known as an overhead or “tell-tale” compass that hung above the captain’s bunk, which in this case means it was probably the one being used when the ship struck the rocks, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Roland Morris Museum (David Lay auction of May 22, 2002), with World Treasure Books photocertificate. Estimate: $60-$90. diameter about 4".

Bennebroek, sunk in 1713 off South Africa 1917. Chinese Kangxi blue-on-white porcelain teapot lid, top missing, rare provenance. 31.7 grams, 2" in diameter. Cute little lid, intact except for the top knob, decorated with blue flowers in a style familiar to those who collect porcelains from the Spanish 1715 and 1733 Fleets, rare from this Dutch wreck, a homebound East Indiaman sunk with a cargo of pepper and porcelains, rare provenance. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

ring bears a large (3-4 carats), rectangular (emerald cut), deep-purple amethyst set in a diagonal orientation (popular in the 1700s) on a simple, high-grade gold-wire ring of medium gauge, ready to wear, but only if you have tiny fingers! From the area of the “Corrigans wreck” site, with Sedwick photo-certificate from 2007 and featured on the back cover of our Treasure Auction #2 (October, 2007) catalog. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

1919. Extra large natural emerald, 73.6 carats. Roughly 1-3/16" x 15/16" x 1/2". Boxy green rock with lots of tan, black and white inclusions, also some glinting mica, very raw and natural. With Frank Noga certificate. Estimate: $600-$900.

1920. Very large natural emerald, 30.7 carats. Roughly 3/4" x 3/4" x 3/8". Squarish rock of opaque light green with veneer of white sediment all over, very raw and natural. With Frank Noga certificate.

Estimate: $350-$500.

1921. Large natural emerald, 11.4 carats. Roughly 3/4" x 3/8" x 3/8". Small section of a wide, somewhat triangular crystal, with two smooth faces and one rough, lots of dark green color but completely opaque, with brown sediment in crevices, very raw and natural. With Frank Noga certificate. Estimate: $200-$350.

1922. Silver candlestick holder piece. 46.8 grams, 11/2" tall and 1" in diameter. Short but complete

upright portion of a candlestick holder (missing the base, which screwed into a hole in the bottom of this part), perfectly intact and solid, attractive for its size. With Fisher photo-certificate #68172 and yellow plastic tag. Estimate: $250$375.

1923. Iron hand grenade without fuse. 767 grams, 1-1/2" in diameter. This is basically a small cannonball, smooth and matte black from professional conservation, cast with a hole in the side and void inside into which gunpowder was inserted and topped with a wooden fuse, completely intact. With photocertificate. Estimate: $300-$450.

320

1930. Blue-on-white Chinese

1924. Small

iron cannonball, professionally conserved. 1 lb 3.2 oz, 2" in diameter. Intact and matte black from conservation, with golfball-like pits in surface, desirable size in between a grapeshot and the typical cannonball size. With Sedwick certificate from 2004. Estimate: $50-$75.

porcelain teapot with lid, 8paneled design and shape. 332 grams, 5" tall and about 5" wide. Small but attractive little teapot with 8 long panels depicting different floral scenes, matching design on lid (which is not a perfect match, as it is more vivid in color), smaller designs on handle and spout, intact except for a small chip in rim and on spout. Estimate: $200$300.

Conde de Tolosa , sunk in 1724 off the Dominican Republic 1925. Large section of crumpled copper sheeting. 2 lb 4 oz, 18" x 5" x 3". Crushed into the shape and size of a large sub sandwich, this artifact once coated the hull of a ship, with square nail-holes still in evidence, now encrusted with small shell bits and green patina. With original Fisher photo-certificate #17334. Estimate: $100-$150.

1926. Bronze keyhole strikeplate. 11.5 grams, 1-3/4" x 1-1/2". Flat, oval escutcheon with square hole in center and 3 small, round holes near the edge, plain but intact. Estimate: $25-$40.

1927. Small brass spike. 92 grams, 5-1/8" long. A straight spike with square head and shank, the pointed tip of which is brightly brassy, the rest lightly encrusted and darker. From the Corrigans site, with Sinclair photocertificate #99A-022. Estimate: $25-$40.

1928. Lot of 2 small bronze buckles. 6.4 grams, 7/8" x 3/4" each. Two plain, simple buckles, one squarish and the other more rounded, dark and uncleaned. Beach finds near Cabin wreck. Estimate: $25-$40.

1931. Small ivory telescope, intact and rare. 76.9 grams, 5" long and 1" in diameter. Very

interesting short tube of ivory with original lenses (now opaque and no longer functional), assembled and reassembled by threads in the ivory reinforced by (corroded) brass rings, intact except for cracks on one piece, first such artifact we have ever seen and one of very few artifacts available from this wreck. With Pieces of Eight (Captiva, FL) certificate. Estimate: $350-$500.

1932. Small bronze prayer pendant depicting St. Bartholomew. 3.0 grams, 1-3/4" long. Highly detailed charm showing the saint in a triangular robe terminating at bottom in a sword handle, halo at top, cast with a loop on back, dark but perfectly intact. With Pieces of Eight (Captiva, FL) certificate. Estimate: $50-$75.

“Ca Mau wreck,� sunk ca. 1723-35 off Vietnam 1929. Blue-on-white Chinese porcelain teapot with lid, fluted melon shape. 335 grams, 4-1/ 2" tall and 5-1/2" wide. A perfect little teapot with lid, handle and spout, the floral motif with birds very typical of Kangxi that is seen from the Spanish 1715 and 1733 Fleets, with just a tiny bit of encrustation in the spout, 100% intact. Estimate: $350-$500.

321

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La Genovesa, sunk in 1730 on the Pedro Shoals near Jamaica 1933. Small, ornate, bronze cross recovered

by Art McKee. 3.2 grams, 1-3/4" x 1". As described in the late Bob “Frogfoot” Weller’s excellent book Galleon Hunt, the famous treasure diver Art McKee searched for many years for this Caribbean wreck before he located it in 1979 and salvaged items from it, including this small double-armed cross with Jesus and SALVATOR MVNDI on one side and Mary with MATER DEI on the other side, loop at top for use as a pendant, coppery in color, fully intact with only very light surface pits. With Kevin McKee (son of Art) photo-certificate from 1993. Estimate: $75-$110.

1733 Fleet, Florida Keys

1935. Heart-shaped pewter locket/ reliquary. 21.2 grams, about 1-3/4" x 1". Very solid and heavy, but plain and unadorned, this fused-shut locket is believed to contain a relic of some sort, the remains of which you can still hear moving inside if you shake it, made in the form of a heart with tall stem with hole for suspension, its dark gray surfaces still somewhat glossy. From the Capitana El Rubí and pedigreed to the Art McKee treasure museum, with McKee photo-certificate. Estimate: $350-$500.

1936. Ornate silver officer’s button with Bourbon coat-of-arms and initials G and C. 1.8 grams, 1" in diameter. The top part of a hemispherical button, perfectly intact, with oval arms below crown flanked

by G and C in script letters, with traces of purplish enamel, missing the back (with loop), lightly encrusted there instead. With Kevin McKee (son of Art) photo-certificate from 1993. Estimate: $40$60.

1934. Highly ornate gold ribbon-pin reliquary with Madonna inside oval. 12.1 grams, about 1-3/4" x 1-1/2". One of the most significant gold artifacts found on the 1733 Fleet, this beautiful jewel shows the praying Madonna in radiate design inside a perfectly oval bezel surrounded by a floral wreath, the bezel probably once holding glass and containing (behind the Madonna on the back) a holy relic of some sort, all suspended from an ornate bowtie ribbon in lighter gold with horizontal pin on back, fully intact except missing a hanging piece on the bottom, lightly dusted all over with white encrustation, an important museum piece whose religious significance deserves to be further researched. With Sinclair photocertificate #1733-103 and Sedwick certificate from May 8, 2006 and pedigreed to our Treasure Auction #1 (May, 2007). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

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1937. Three shards of a large, bronze, ship’s bell, recovered by Art McKee. 2751 grams, various sizes up to about 4" x 4". Large, thick, sharp fragments of a cracked bell, all more or less encrusted and patinated, significant as unique to each ship, but lacking the ship’s name anywhere. With Kevin McKee (son of Art) photo-certificate from 1993. Estimate: $100-$150.

1938. Small bronze cross, perfectly intact. 2.4 grams, 1-1/4" x 3/4". Thin, flat cross with crucified Christ on front (robed saint on other side), ring and loop at top for wearing as a pendant, uncleaned and lightly encrusted. From the Capitana El Rubí. Estimate: $100-$150.

1939. Small porcelain figurine. 12.5 grams, 11/2" x 1". Whitish, glazed porcelain miniature of a cross-legged seated person with one hand on chest, broken at top and bottom but still recognizable, with hollow bottom, light veneer of encr ustation. From the Capitana El Rubí. Estimate: $60-$90.

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1940. Small lead sounding weight. 273 grams, 2-7/8" tall. A

typically tall, cone-shaped weight with hole in top for suspending from a cord and dropping overboard till slack in order to check depth, with small depression in bottom for holding a piece of wax to simultaneously check the sand composition, intact and lightly the Capitana El encrusted. From Rubí. Estimate: $50-$75.

1941. Lot of 5 small lead musketballs. 1333 grams total, each about 1/2"-3/4" in diameter. Simple spherical bullets in a variety of sizes and colors of encrustation, always popular. From the Capitana El Rubí. Estimate: $25-$40.

1942. Lead scupper drain encr usted with 5 lead musketballs. 695 grams, 5" in diameter. Neat little display of musketballs in sandy encrustation (mostly tan with some pink), somewhat cupped in place by a round lead drain with ring on top, very sturdy and solid. With Kevin McKee (son of Art) photo-certificate from 1993. Estimate: $60-$90.

Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands 1944. Onion bottle with original wine inside. 1300 grams, 7" tall and 51/4" in diameter. This wreck is one of very few that have yielded original wine, preserved in intact onion bottles packed tightly in a pattern with half of them right-side-up and half upside-down. They say that the wine in the bottles that came to rest upside-down, so that their corks remained imbued with wine, is still drinkable, whereas the others are basically vinegar, but you would have to open each one to know which is which! This bottle shows lots of beautiful flaking of the glass (a consequence of the wine inside), through which you can see the wine sloshing around, with the cork at top sealed tight with modern glue, a rare and fascinating artifact and perfect for the crossover enthusiast in wines and treasure! With generic certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $700$1,000.

Reijgersdaal, sunk in 1747 off South Africa 1945. Lot of 5 lead musketballs

1943. Boar tusk. 7.6 grams, 3" long. A long, curved tooth, crudely broken at mouth end (point end intact) and with light encrustation to prove its centuries under the water, the host animal probably there as food for the long journey. From the Capitana El Rubí. Estimate: $25-$40.

from springshots, with wire intact. 124 g rams total. Two complete springshot pairs (a little bent but intact) and one half with most of the wire and with some thick encrustation, scarce items and rare provenance. With original certificates from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

Unidentified wrecks of the 1700s(?)

1946. English “black glass” onion bottle, early 1700s. 629 grams, 6" diameter and 7" tall. Dark green bottle with somewhat pearlized interior

but no cracks that we can see, mostly smooth exterior, intact and great for display. Estimate: $150-$225.

1947. Large, encrusted, iron cuphilt rapier handle. 1076 grams, roughly 7" x 5" x 4-1/2". This interesting item dramatically demonstrates how items can “grow” from oxidation, as it is still in its original shape but all puffed up from oxidation, very solid and stable, with sandy orange surfaces. Estimate: $60-$90.

323

1948. Cylindrical lead weight with bold stamps on top. 1910 grams, 2" tall and 2-7/8" in diameter. A plain cylinder of lead but with 3 bold stamps on top that appear to be side-by-side coatsof-ar ms (unidentified) above something in a circle, dark surfaces with white encrustation, significance unknown. Estimate: $60-$90.

1949. Large lignum vitae deadeye with iron cuff and bolt (lightly encrusted). 9 lb 4 oz, about 9" x 7" x 4". Impressively well preserved, with some original wood surfaces surrounded by white-encrusted iron parts, small rock lodged inside one of the “eyes,” a neat display with unfortunately nebulous provenance. Estimate: $200-$300.

Dodington, sunk in 1755 off South Africa 1950. Lot of 3 pairs of brass knife handles (ornate). 35 grams total, each about 3" long. Six thin, flat side-plates for knife handles, dark and slightly encrusted as uncleaned, but completely intact and somewhat ornate, rare provenance. With original certificates from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

Scipion , sunk in 1782 off the Dominican Republic 1952. Small brass officer’s uniform button with “14” on front. 6.1 grams, 1" in diameter. Flat, round button with clear numeral on front, the back plain with 4-holed post, dark but intact. With original Caribe Salvage certificate (1977). Estimate: $35-$50.

1953. Large brass unifor m button with encrustation on back. 14.2 grams, 1-1/8" in diameter. Thick, somewhat hemispherical button with rope-like pattern in concentric circles on front, the back thickly encrusted with dark crud, the loop bent over. With original Caribe Salvage certificate (1977). Estimate: $35-$50.

1954. Small brass uniform button with anchor on front. 2.6 grams, 3/4" in diameter. Dark and lightly corroded but fundamentally intact, with anchor faintly visible on front, loop in back. With original Caribe Salvage certificate (1977). Estimate: $35-$50.

1955. Small encrusted, brass shoe buckle. 13.0 grams, 1-5/8" x 1-1/4". Simple, somewhat rectangular buckle with thick encrustation around central hasp, mostly dark. With original Caribe Salvage certificate (1977). Estimate: $35-$50.

Hartwell, sunk in 1787 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

Leimuiden, sunk in 1770 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa 1951. Lot of 7 small glass beads. 7 grams total, each about 3/8" in diameter. Colored beads faceted to look

like gems in a variety of colors (blue, green and yellow), ver y rare provenance, first we have had from this wreck, which ran aground off Boa Vista on January 1, 1770. With original certificate from the salvagers, stating the date of the wreck (erroneously) as 1747. Estimate: $50-$75.

1956. Gold-plated pocket-watch, intact but encrusted. 153 grams, about 2" in diameter. Very crusty but easily recognizable and with lots of shiny gold peeking through the sandy white, green and tan encrustation, also with original parts still rattling around inside. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $75$110.

324

HMS Colossus, sunk in 1798 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England

Unidentified English wreck of the late 1700s/ early 1800s in the lower Florida Keys

1957. Iron grapeshot. 94 grams, 1-3/8" in diameter. Nice little sphere of iron, basically a small cannonball, well preserved (its rusty surfaces stabilized inside a clear coating), one of many recovered from this wreck, which was homebound from the Mediterranean, loaded with Greek vases and wounded soldiers, when she stopped at the Isles of Scilly in a storm but parted an anchor cable and sank, famously salvaged by Roland Morris in the 1960s and 1970s but also by more modern efforts starting in 2000. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $25-$40.

Unidentified late 18th- to early 19th-century wreck off Paticul, Sulu, Philippines

1959. Ornate, intact, clay smoking pipe. 55.7 grams,

5-3/4"

long. Complete pipe with entire bowl and stem intact, even with

the raised rim at the end, the bowl showing an ornate basketweave design above smoke curls, stained orange from immersion, with tiny bits of encrustation. Estimate: $75-$110.

1960. Bronze cannon carriage plate. 1351 grams, 5-1/2" square. Basically a heavy bronze tile, with corded border with 4 holes for fastening in corners, embossed with the picture of a cannon with lion head at cascabel end in center, uncleaned and encrusted (lots of green and white). Estimate: $50-$75.

Leocadia, sunk in 1800 off Ecuador

1958. Small, blue-on-white Chinese porcelain vase, dragon motif. 261 grams, 5-1/2" tall and 3" in diameter. Lovely little vase with very narrow neck flaring to a 1-5/8" wide rim, the bulbous body featuring a very long, 4-legged dragon with mouth agape, 100% intact but with light encrustation here and there. Estimate: $250-$375.

Want to see your collection here? Consign to our Treasure Auction #8 (fall, 2010), deadline August 1

1961. Small, bulbous, silver cup with tilted base. 151 grams, 4" tall and about 2" in diameter. A

very curious object (possibly a sand or salt cellar) that looks somewhat like a parmesan-cheese shaker from a pizza restaurant or, so say the Argentineans, like a “mate� (pronounced MAH-tay) used for a tea-like herb drink, on an inverted-cup base, the top broken off but showing a continuation of a angled-rib design, the bottom above the base with seam as cast in two parts, with hole in side and lots of green and white encrustation at bottom but otherwise mostly gray in color. With Robert Marx certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

325

326

“Coconut wreck,” sunk ca. 1810 in deep water S.S. Republic, sunk in 1865 in deep water off off Bermuda Georgia 1962. Ornate French gold boîte-en-baignoire (oblong

1964. Brown, ink-pouring bottle in

snuff box, literally a “bathtub box”), Louis XVI, made by either French master goldsmith Jacques-François Varin (1758-1790) or his student Nicolas Huguet (1787-1806), who made such items for the king and later Napoleon and Josephine, along with most of one page of a contemporary newspaper found inside it talking about an auction of slaves, in which were wrapped 13 gold coins that formed an arras or Spanish dowry. 89.8 grams, approx. 3-3/4" long, 1-1/8" wide and 7/8" tall. Very ornate and beautiful, and completely intact and original except for the wire hinge (replaced with new wire), a one-of-a-kind museum piece of art that is considered the top artifact from this limited and significant wreck, bearing three marks inside, on both top and bottom, as follows: crowned-P charge mark (showing tax liability) for 1788-89; scroll-like discharge mark (showing tax paid) of Henri Clavel (tax inspector for 1780-1789); and maker’s mark J-F-V for Jacques-François Varin. While the inside is plain, the outside of the top, base and sides are all highly embellished in many different textures and several different colors of gold, with just a couple very minor stains and marks from the wreck, which was salvaged by robot 3 miles below the surface (the deepest treasure salvage ever undertaken), a recording of which on DVD (which shows this very box being recovered) accompanies the piece. It must be emphasized that this little box carried the only gold coins on the whole wreck, and with those coins was an original newspaper (now fragmented but readable) that pegs the approximate date of the wreck (otherwise unidentified) and possible purpose (slave trade). Estimate: $35,000-$50,000.

presentation box. 313 grams, 8" tall. Similar to a plain cylinder bottle for beer (same brown color, too), but smaller and with the rim tilted and pinched to make a spout, intact except for a long spider crack in the side, desirable for its provenance and presentation. With stand, certificate, artifact number tag, DVD and letter in special shipping container. Estimate: $125-$200.

1965. Brass skeleton key in shadow box. 895 grams, 11-5/8" x 9-1/2" overall. Elegant shadow-box with hinged glass door-front enclosing an uncleaned brass key (nicely patinated) mounted between a canvas painting of the ship at top and plaque at bottom, rustic but tastefully done, desirable provenance. With official artifact number tag taped to back. Estimate: $100-$150.

Unidentified Civil Warera wreck (1860s) off South Carolina 1966. Encrusted clump of 2 complete .58-caliber minie-

Cabalva, sunk in 1818 on the Shoals of St. Brandon in the Indian Ocean 1963. Lot of 2 large brass handles. 189 grams total, each about 5" long. Two sturdy and intact posts with curved tips, one ending

ball car tridges in Riker display box. 67.7 grams, 1-3/4" x 1-1/4" (not including box). Situated side-by-side and head-tofoot, these two bullets are entirely intact, with lots of encrustation, not rare but rarely seen intact from a shipwreck. Estimate: $40-$60.

Unidentified 1800s British wreck off the south of Brazil 1967. Lot of 6 encrusted in an acorn and the other a crystal shape, with hole at other end for fastening onto wood, rare provenance. With original certificates from the salvagers. Estimate: $50-$75.

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pieces of brass flatware. 125 grams total, up to 6" long each. The corroded and heavily encrusted remains of 6 forks and spoons, good for display. Estimate: $60-$90.

Unidentified 1800s wreck off the Caribbean Unidentified ca.-1890 Dutch wreck off Jakarta, coast of Central America Indonesia 1969. Dutch stoneware schnapps bottle,

1968. Silver-plated spoon with Elkington & Co. touchmarks. 14.8 grams, 5-1/8" long. Small spoon with deep, elongated bowl (sugar spoon?), loaded with tiny hallmarks on back of handle, on top of which is the only partially readable stamp of the shipping line (ends in DEL PACIFICO) whose ship this is from, intact but with light surface corrosion. Estimate: $40-$60.

stamped with HULSTKAMP / + ZOON + MOLYN / ROTTERDAM. 1117 grams, 11-1/2" tall and 3-1/4" in diameter. Perfectly intact and preserved, with only a few barnacle footprints on the bottom to prove its salvage origin, the writing at top very clear, lovely glazed orange color all over. With Sedwick certificate from 2005. Estimate: $40-$60.

Non-wreck artifacts Arms/armor/militaria

1970. Iron dagger, 13th century. 73.7 grams, 9-1/4" long and 2-1/4" wide. A simple, straight, short, doubled-edged knife with brass crossbar (tips curled inward) and pommel (flat, with golfball-texture design), no grip (if there ever was one), the iron solid and sturdy but naturally rusty and pitted from oxidation. Estimate: $200-$300.

1971. Rapier with silver-colored metal and ebony handle, believed to be Spanish, 1600s-1700s. 12.5 oz, 35-1/2" long. Very elegant piece with rusted (but intact) blade, ornate silver-colored metal crossbar, showing faces at ends, and crown-shaped pommel, with caduceus on one side, ribbed ebony handle in between with a cut or two but also intact, probably with an interesting history (especially to explain how the base-metal handle is unscathed but the blade is rusted) but no further information forthcoming on the certificate other than “recovered embedded in a Mangrove Root,� presumably by Art McKee in the Florida Keys. With Kevin McKee (son of Art) photo-certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

1972. Iron machete with wooden or bone handle, 1800s, from Spanish Cuba. 1 lb 6.1 oz, 22" long. A crude but intact canecutter with fairly short and single-sided blade, no markings, some detail on the slightly angled handle-grip and buttplate, somewhat rusty and well used but still very sharp! Estimate: $350-$500.

1973. Bayonet-type dagger with scabbard, coat-of-arms of the Republic of Chile on the brass handle (late 1800s). 1 lb 8.6 oz, 17" long. Intact and well preserved, a single-edged blade with looped cross bar with hole opposite the loop for attaching to a rifle, the plain brass handle stamped with serial number 1571 and 1571/0/69 and bearing the coat-of-arms of the Republic of Chile on the other side, black steel scabbard with brass tip and belt-clip, dating from the time of the War of the Pacific, a South American conflict that took place from 1879-1884 in which the forces of Chile fought against a defensive alliance of Bolivia and Peru. Estimate: $150-$225.

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1974. Civil War-era U.S. Navy cutlass dated 1862 (Ames). 2 lb 4 oz, 31-1/2" long. A popular model, made starting in 1860 and used as late as World War II, with sturdy, single-edged, slightly curved blade, wooden grip covered with leather and bound with brass wire, brass pommel and cup-like shell guard. The blade on this example is marked on the ricasso with the manufacturer on one side (Ames) and USN / DR / 1862 on the other side (the DR standing for inspector Daniel Reynolds). Excellent condition and intact, no nicks or cuts or rust on the blade, just missing its original black-leather scabbard. Estimate: $500-$750.

1975. Large flintlock pistol, northern Italian, 16601680. 2 lb 6.1 oz, 18" long. A big and ornate pistol, with dark wood stock graced with silvery-steel lock and side-plate (showing a lucky horseshoe) and bulbous butt (small grotesque mask in center), the trigger guard showing a harlequin on bottom, with another similar figure cast in the barrel, empty ramrod holder below, just the wooden stock a little banged up, but done so long ago. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $850-$1,295.

1976. Small flintlock pistol, Queen Anne style (ca. 1750), marked Gloster / Jennings, with silver inlays and buttplate, screw barrel with cannon muzzle. 354 grams, 8" long. A beautiful little pistol, with very dark wooden stock, rust-free iron barrel and ornate silver-wire inlays and grotesque-mask buttplate, the maker name Jennings engraved under the lock with Gloster (probably for Gloucester, where it was made?) on the other side, Birmingham proof marks on bottom as cast in England (probably on behalf of another country), 11 mm bore, intact except for (stable) hairline crack on stock where it meets the receiver, trigger guard slightly loose, and the inlays about 15% missing. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

1977. English brass-bar reled flintlock blunderbuss rail gun with brass yoke and furniture, cannonshaped muzzle, maker William Wilson (London, 1760-1770), exChalabis collection. About 14 lb, 38" overall, 22" barrel. A type of large gun is known as an “espingoles,” and typically placed in an oarlock to shoot at other ships, this specimen in excellent condition, the lock in working order and everything intact except for an old, professional repair to the stock near the muzzle on right side, marked on the lock (WIL)SON below a crowned-W mark for the maker, touchmarks on barrel, also with original ramrod, rare and choice, with important pedigree. Pedigreed to the collection of Florida firearms expert John Chalabis. Estimate: $7,500-$11,000.

1978. English flintlock blunderbuss, manufacturer Tate, ca. 1800, with spring bayonet affixed to the top. About 6 lb, 31" long. Excellent condition, the gun itself and the triangular-cross section, spring-loaded flipbayonet both mechanically sound, with brass furniture and barrel (octagonal in cross section at the breech transitioning to a round barrel with cannon muzzle of 31-mm caliber), steel lock engraved with “Tate” for maker Bryan Tate of Louth, also Birmingham proof marks on bottom, lovely wooden stock with original ramrod, trigger guard terminating in an acorn. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

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1979. Dutch bronze swivel cannon with “sea lion� handles and original yoke, ca. 1700, with antique mahogany stand. 66 lb, 32" long. Attractively

aged, small bronze cannon with original yoke for mounting to a ship’s rail, cast in the East Indies for the Dutch per the muzzle design, 33-mm in caliber, with scrollwork embellishment behind the lifting handles, which themselves are the most interesting feature (sea lions with anthropomorphic faces), plain cascabel and touch-hole, on either side of which are embedded iron pins, dark olive brown color all over, the ornate mahogany stand once part of an 18th-century pilaster from the East Indies. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

1980. Small iron cannon, probably 1700s-1800s. 3 lb 6 oz, 91/2" long. Neatly cast miniature cannon, with functioning touch-

hole and 5/8" bore, rusty but with some original black paint. Estimate: $125-$200.

1981. Small brass cannon, probably 1700s-1800s. 1 lb 15 oz, Miniature cannon in bright brass, with small but functional touch-hole and 1/2" bore, a few nicks but surfaces intact. Estimate: $125-$200.

7" long.

1982. Small brass cannon, ca. 1790-1820. 196 grams, 5" long. A non-functional scale model, with all details accurate, 8-mm bore, a few nicks and dents from its age but still very brassy in color.

Estimate: $125-$200.

1983. Small brass cannon, ca. 1790-1820. 193 grams, 5" long. A non-functional scale model, with all details accurate, 8-mm bore, a few nicks and dents from its age but still very brassy in color.

Estimate: $125-$200.

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Jewelry/religious

1984. Lot of 2 miniature brass cannons, probably 1700s-1800s. 48.5 grams total, 2-1/2" to 3-1/8" long. Two tiny but functional cannons, both dark and patinated, the smaller one slightly more ornate but both presumably scale models. Estimate: $60-$90.

1985. Lot of 2 miniature brass cannons, probably 1700s-1800s. 59.7 grams total, 2-3/ 4" to 3" long. Two functioning scale models of different designs, the larger one brassy but the other patinated. Estimate: $60$90.

1986. Large brass cannonball from Ecuador. 8 lb 13 oz, 4-1/2" in diameter. Very smooth and plain but solid and heavy cannonball, odd to see in brass material, but known to have occurred on the Pacific coast. Estimate: $200-$300.

1987. Large iron cannonball found near Castillo de San Marcos in St. Augustine, Florida. 8 lb 5 oz, 4" in diameter. Intact but crusty from oxidation, with one star-crack in surface but evidently stable, from a richly historical area with possible dates of loss going back to the 1500s. Estimate: $100-$150.

1988. Lot of 3 small iron cannonballs found near Castillo de San Marcos in St. Augustine, Florida. 3 lb

1990. Necklace consisting of over 100 colored-glass beads, from a late-1500s Spanish colonial site in the Southern Caribbean. 103 grams, about 22" long. A variety of beads in blue, black, white and green, mostly small and spherical but a few long and cylindrical, assembled by us into an aesthetic mix of wearable length. Estimate: $200-$300.

1991. Necklace consisting of over 100 colored-glass beads, from a late-1500s Spanish colonial site in the Southern Caribbean. 70 grams, about 24" long. A variety of beads in blue, white, pink, yellow and clear, ranging from very small to marble size and almost all spherical or at least ovoid, assembled by us into an aesthetic mix of wearable length. Estimate: $200-$300.

10.7 oz total, 1-/2" to 2-1/2" in diameter each. Three rusty but

intact spheres of various sizes below the normal large size, all stable and uncracked, from a richly historical area with possible dates of loss going back to the 1500s. Estimate: $100-$150.

1989. Iron grapeshot with iron nail inside, 1600s1700s. 31.1 grams, 2" long. Simple musketballs were not enough to do significant damage, so they were eventually molded with all kinds of shrapnel embedded inside (in this case a small, square-shanked nail, the lead ball lightly encrusted), despite the obvious limitations to aerodynamics. With Monaco Auctions photo-certificate. Estimate: $35-$50.

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1992. Necklace consisting of over 100 colored-glass beads, from a late-1500s Spanish colonial site in the Southern Caribbean. 88 grams, about 24" long. A variety of beads in orange, yellow, black, blue and clear, ranging from very small to marble size, mostly spherical but some cylindrical (one with design) and at least one rectangular, assembled by us into an aesthetic mix of wearable length. Estimate: $200-$300.

1993. Small bronze crucifix from a Caribbean site, 1600s. 3.1 grams, 1-3/4" x 1". A small, flat cross with Christ figure as part of same casting, tiny hole at top for wearing as a pendant, darkly patinated. With Monaco Auctions photo-certificate. Estimate: $50$75.

1994. Large silver Christ figure from crucifix, colonial Potosí, ca. 1750. 109.0 grams, about 4" long and 3-3/4" wide. Heavy and sturdy Christ figure, nicely detailed but somewhat crudely rendered as probably of native manufacture, with holes in hands and feet as once attached to what must have been a massive crucifix, rough-cast on reverse, lightly toned in crevices. Estimate: $200-$300.

1995. Gold and red-coral rosary/cross from colonial Peru (1700s). 32.3 grams, 16" long. Very impressive necklace of 66 red-coral beads in two basic sizes (6 large, 60 small), each bookended by gold-wire loops to connect to the next one, at the end of which is a fairly small and simple gold cross, which the Spaniards used as a rosary for prayer and protection (yet it seems odd that the intentional count of beads was in multiples of 6 and not 7), all in excellent condition. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1996. Gold filigree and pearl earrings from colonial Peru (1700s). 14.6 grams total, each about 1-1/4" to 1-1/2" in diameter. Large and highly ornate, each consisting of an approximately 5/8 circle of 5 tightly wound rings of zigzag pattern around a floral center, with wire loop at top that hooks into a front-facing flower with natural pearl in center, all in high-grade gold (22K) and perfectly intact and beautiful. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1997. Gold/emerald pendant, Jewish Catalan (16th-century revival style), late 18th/early19th century. 12.3 grams, about 2-1/8" tall and 1-5/8" wide. An ornate Spanish jewel of recognizable style (Charles IV period), with high-grade but hollow sections of gold surrounding 26 small but high-quality emeralds of different sizes and cuts, the largest of them in a teardrop hanger below a floral body topped with rose-shapes in the top corners, both the body and the hanger looped with folded-over ribbon on back, lustrous and completely intact. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

Miscellaneous 1998. Large brass nested weight set, rare as fully complete and intact, 1600s-1700s(?). 1227 grams, about 4" tall and 3" in diameter. Beautifully intact and complete set of

8 cup-style weights nestled inside a case with hinged, latching, handled lid marked with “U3,” “19-9” and “56,” probably German, lightly patinated here and there. Estimate: $200-$300.

1999. Small brass mortar and pestle set from colonial Peru (1600s1700s). 1762 grams total, the mortar about 4-3/8" in diameter and 3-1/4" tall and the pestle 7-5/8" long. A heavy, flat-bottomed cup and sturdy rod with both ends flared and rounded, generally used by apothecaries, fully intact but unmarked, with ring-shaped raised design on sides, a nicely matched set (usually found separated). Estimate: $50-$75.

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2000. Leather sailor’s palm, ca. 1800. 52.8 grams, 4-5/8" long. A simple leather strap with hole for thumb and iron plate (with many rounded dimples) to push needles through thick sailcloth, dark and well used but perfectly intact. Estimate: $35-$50.

2001. Earthenware olive jar (pointed) from a Spanish colonial site in the southern Caribbean, probably 1800s. 5 lb 4 oz, 11-1/2" tall and 7" in diameter. Odd (late) style of jar with long, pointed bottom (for storing in holed racks), fully intact but no markings, grayish white color. Estimate: $150-$225.

2002. Large iron slave shackles, mid-1800s. 2235 grams, about 22" long. Rusty and worn, and crudely forged in a pattern of twisted links with curved straps at end, one of which has a cylinder-type lock (the key missing), lightly encrusted here and there, a rare and highly sought artifact from a sad chapter in history. Estimate: $400-$600.

2003. Large wooden chest, believed to be from the late 1800s. About 49" long, 23" wide and 26" tall. This solid wooden trunk looks like a monstrous, coffin-like treasure chest, with rounded top and sloping sides, reinforced with three iron straps across the top terminating in two loops and keyhole lock (with original key) in front, also iron-reinforced corners and seams, small handles on ends, the wood a very dark-stained pine with some separation but no big cracks, obviously well used in its time but fully functional and a wonderfully massive display. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

2004. Art McKee’s personal brass dive knife, signed and dated 1937 and with a cob soldered on to the handle, housed in a very thick, hinged wooden box and accompanied by two round lead weights and a small flyer about Art McKee on the back of which is a hand-penned “treasure map” for an undisclosed location off Honduras. 4 lb 14 oz overall, the box 14-1/2" x 3" x 4" and the knife about 11" long. The famous Art McKee, whose Sunken Treasure Museum on Plantation Key was a tourist hotspot for decades, had just moved to Florida from up north and begun hardhat diving when this knife was engraved in 1937. We have to assume it was his own personal knife, as it looks well used, and the signature and date on the handle are somewhat faded. Soldered onto the same side of the handle is a Mexican cob 4 reales, presumably from the 1733 Fleet, almost certainly from among Art’s many finds. The blade bears the words BARRACUDA on one side and SHARK on the other, two denizens Art probably fought off with this very knife during his adventures. If only this piece could talk! Rounding out the interest is the thick wooden box it comes in, which is very rustic and bears the name ART carved in high relief on the top. The accompanying printed promotional flyer has the words “Art’s Map” written at the top and on the back is a treasure map drawn in 1973 by C.P. Webster of Tavernier with a notation that it referred to what he saw in 192933, probably yet another treasure trail for Art to follow (but whether he looked into this one or not, we may never know). We expect spirited bidding on this historic item! Estimate: $500-$1,000.

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2008. Cup and saucer marked ITALIA, same as used on the Andrea Doria (1956), second-class service. 190.7 grams total, the cup about 1-1/2" tall and 1-1/2" in diameter, the saucer about 4-3/4" in diameter. A perfectly intact

2005. Pair of brass pirate bookends, early 20th century. 7 lb 10 oz total, each about 5-1/2" tall. Each

with pirate sitting on a treasure chest, nicely patinated with marks of character from years of use. Estimate: $35-$50.

antique, identical to the china used on the famous Andrea Doria (sunk in 1956 off Massachusetts, original china from which sells for upwards of $1000 per piece) of the same shipping line, with simple blue and gold bands around the rims and ITALIA below a crown as the main design, maker’s mark RICHARD GINORI on the bottoms. Estimate: $90-$135.

2009. Modern reproduction iron skulland-crossbones padlock and key. 177 grams, 3-1/4" x 2-1/2" x 1/2". Functioning oval padlock of a design popular during the mid-1800s but this one a reproduction, with simple key, fully intact but dark in color. Estimate: $40-$60.

2006. Engraved printing stone for government stamps from the Dominican Republic, ca. 1940. Nearly 7 lb, 6-1/2" x 5-1/4" x 2". This is the equivalent of a coin die but for stamps, a rare item officially de-accessed by the government back in the 1970s, with intricately detailed engravings showing the RD$1 stamp itself (with “REPUBLICA DOMINICANA” at top and “TURISMO” with denomination at bottom) above two simple “RD$1” marks, below which is the picture of a colonial building above “S.E.T.C.P.” (which stands for Secretaría de Estado del Tesoro y Crédito Público, basically their Secretary of the Treasury) and the picture of a modern building above “SEC. DE ESTADO DE FINANZA,” all in retrograde as expected, the stone itself roughly hewn on all but the marked side, with “32” inked on one side. Estimate: $500-$750.

2007. Small wooden box with French Indo-China wax seals on outside and containing 33 small copper coins from Cambodia, with letter from Mendel Peterson about their origin and the rescue of this item from France in WWII. 178 grams overall, the box 5" x 1-3/4" x 2-3/4". Cute little coins (uniface) and box (very rustic and simple, but with elegant seals in red wax), pedigreed to the late and famously treasure-friendly Mendel Peterson, who was the curator of the Smithsonian in the 1950s1970s. Estimate: $75-$110.

2010. Scrimshaw of the Concepción of 1641 by Duke Long (1987), beautifully executed on genuine whale tooth and signed by the artist, mounted on a wooden stand. 626 grams, roughly 7-1/2" x 5" x 3-1/2" overall. Incredibly well detailed and beautiful scrimshaw showing the ship in its full-rigged glory on one side and in the throes of sinking on the other, mounted onto an oval wooden base, a one-of-a-kind piece of all-original material (as opposed to common reproductions in ivory polymer). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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Natural History

2011. Large dinosaur tooth (Spinosaurus aegypticus, 115 million years old) from the Sahara Desert. 37.3 grams, 4" long. A long, pointy, conical tooth, just what you would expect a carnivorous dinosaur to have a mouth full of, this one solid and intact, even with some original (striated and brown) enamel but mostly whitish and encrusted. Estimate: $30-$50.

2012. Amber specimen with insects inside from the Dominican Republic. 12.8 grams, roughly 1-3/4" x 1-3/8" x 1/2". When it comes to amber, the more bugs the better, and this nice-sized chunk contains at least 10 of them, mostly 1/4" long, the amber itself (basically fossilized tree sap) completely translucent and light yellow in color. Estimate: $50-$80.

2013. Charoite mineral specimen (purple stone) from Siberia (Russia). 107.8 grams, roughly 2-3/4" x 1-1/2" x 1". Smooth and hefty chunk of a beautiful, pearly purple-white rock that is rare and only found in the Charo River (hence its name) near Aldan (Siberia), its importation from Russian strictly limited. Estimate: $80-$120.

2014. Large meteorite fragment from Sikhote-Alin (Siberia, Russia). 139.2 grams, 3-/38" long and 3/4" thick. A long, thick and narrow blast fragment of the famous Sikhote-Alin meteorite, which fell on February 12, 1947, dark gunmetal gray in color, rippled texture with striations. With small certificate #96. Estimate: $100-$150.

2015. Small meteorite fragment from Sikhote-Alin (Siberia, Russia). 64.7 grams, 2-1/2" long and 1/2" thick. Somewhat flat and triangular blast fragment of the famous Sikhote-Alin meteorite, which fell on February 12, 1947, dark gunmetal gray in color, rippled texture, with some rust and sediment in crevices. With small certificate #53. Estimate: $60-$90.

DOCUMENTS Engravings

2016. German woodcut engraving, early 1600s, showing a galleon and natives in canoes off an island (“I. Ladrones�) in the West Indies, from a 1655 book entitled Neue Welt und Americanische Historien, by Johann Ludwig Gottfriedt (Frankfurt am Main). 8" x 13" (whole page). Scene of a galleon under attack by natives, with German text all around and on the back, in excellent condition except for a small hole at top, rare. Estimate: $50-$75.

2017. German woodcut engraving, early 1600s, showing 2 galleons and natives in canoes off an island (which marginal notes in pencil attribute to Margarita Island off Venezuela) in the West Indies, from a 1655 book entitled Neue Welt und Americanische Historien, by Johann Ludwig Gottfriedt (Frankfurt am Main). 8-1/4" x 13" (whole page). Scene of galleons and docile natives being shot at by Europeans, with German text all around and on the back, in excellent condition, rare. Estimate: $50-$75.

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2018. German woodcut engraving, early 1600s, showing a European male and native (bare-chested) woman with infant in foreground and 5 galleons in harbor surrounded by armies on land in background, titled at top “Quintero,� with marginal notes on back in pencil indicating a location off Chile, probably from a 1655 book entitled Neue Welt und Americanische Historien, by Johann Ludwig Gottfriedt (Frankfurt am Main). 8" x 6-1/4". Cut out of a larger page (with German text on back), the scene very well detailed, in excellent condition, rare. Estimate: $50-$75.

2019. German woodcut engraving, early 1600s, showing 2 galleons entering a delta occupied by a boat of natives off lands containing fruit trees, huts and more natives, the legend identifying the place as St. Helena, probably from a 1655 book entitled Neue Welt und Americanische Historien, by Johann Ludwig Gottfriedt (Frankfurt am Main). 9" x 6-1/2". Cut out of a larger page (with German text on back), the scene very well detailed, in excellent condition, rare. Estimate: $50-$75.

2020. German woodcut engraving, early 1600s, showing 2 galleons outside a fort where soldiers are unloading longboats and their superiors are being blessed by a clergyman in the foreground, probably from a 1655 book entitled Neue Welt und Americanische Historien, by Johann Ludwig Gottfriedt (Frankfurt am Main). 11-1/2" x 10-1/2" (including mat). Matted and ready for framing, the scene very well detailed, in excellent condition, rare. Estimate: $50-$75.

2021. German woodcut engraving, early 1600s, showing 5 galleons in the harbor of Valparaiso, Chile, with armies on land all around and 2 natives in foreground, probably from a 1655 book entitled Neue Welt und Americanische Historien, by Johann Ludwig Gottfriedt (Frankfurt am Main). 12-1/2" x 11" (including mat). Matted and ready for framing, the scene very well detailed, in excellent condition, rare. Estimate: $50-$75.

2022. Hand-colored German woodcut engraving, early 1600s, showing a galleon at sea being attacked by flying fish chased by larger fish (tuna?), probably from a 1655 book entitled Neue Welt und Americanische Historien, by Johann Ludwig Gottfriedt (Frankfurt am Main). 14" x 13" (including mat). Vividly colored and well detailed, matted and ready for framing, excellent condition, rare. Estimate: $60-$90.

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2023. Small French woodcut engraving by Allain Mallet (Paris, 1683) entitled “St. Augus. De Floride,” showing ships and the fort at St. Augustine, Florida, professionally matted and framed. 9" x 10-1/2". Small but well-detailed scene in choice condition, tastefully framed and ready to hang. Estimate: $250-$375.

2024. Large Dutch woodcut engraving by Pierre Vander Aa (Leiden, 1729) entitled “St. Francisco de Campeche,” showing ships in battle off that Mexican harbor, professionally matted and framed. 23" x 10". Gripping battle scene showing one of the combatants in a sinking state, choice condition save for trace of a fold in center, tastefully framed and ready to hang. Estimate: $250-$375.

2025. English woodcut engraving by James Hulett (London, ca. 1750) entitled “The Takeing [sic] of Vigo,” showing ships in battle at Vigo Bay, professionally matted and framed. 11-1/2" x 14-3/4". Furious battle scene, very well detailed, in choice condition, tastefully framed and ready to hang. Estimate: $200-$300.

2026. French engraving, ca. 1750, by Jacques Philippe Le Bas (Paris) entitled “Tempete, ve Veue D’Italie,” showing ships sinking just offshore, copying a famous painting by Abraham Storck in the late 1600s. 18-1/2" x 14-3/4". Large and well-detailed scene on vellum paper, excellent condition save for minor corner bends. Estimate: $50-$75.

2027. English engraving, ca. 1750, by I. Basire (London) entitled “Sea Weeds” and “Flying-Fish Chase” (and depicting same, both with galleons but the latter with a waterspout as well) from Astley’s Voyages and Travels set. 12-1/4" x 15" (including mat). Fascinating pair of scenes, both well detailed, in excellent condition except for a fold (as made), matted and ready for framing. Estimate: $50-$75.

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Manuscripts

2028. English engraving by John Goldar (London, 1786) of Sir Francis Drake, hand colored and professionally matted and framed. 15-1/2" x 19". Vividly colored and well detailed, excellent condition save for minor tear, tastefully matted and framed and ready to hang. Estimate: $100-$150.

2031. Spanish family tree document from the late 1700s (family of Francisco Martínez de Villaescusa). 16-1/2" x 23". Two large sheets pasted together and folded, with 9 generations of a family tree beautifully documented thereon in Spanish, starting in the 1690s but generally lacking dates, nice condition except for some holes along the folds and edges. Estimate: $150-$225.

2029. English engraving, 1801, by Charles Tomkins, printed by J. Sewell (Cornhill), entitled “A Fire Ship 1684” and showing the side and rear views and ribbing of the ship. 18-1/4" x 11-1/2". A combination of technical drawing and artistry, with folds as taken from a book but otherwise in excellent condition. Estimate: $50-$75.

2030. Handcolored English engraving, late 1800s, by William Tegg & Co. (London) from a drawing by Marigny of old wooden sailing ships in the harbor of Balaklava (Ukraine). 18-1/4" x 14". Beautifully detailed and colored scene on heavy stock, nice condition except for minor tears in edges and corner bumps. Estimate: $50-$75.

2032. Original customs document from Trujillo in colonial Peru dated 1787. 8-1/2" x 12-1/4". With seal of Charles III at top, partially printed and partially handwritten, showing duties paid on wine and soap, in excellent condition despite old folds. Estimate: $40-$60.

2033. Original ship-lading document from Lima in colonial Peru dated 1793. 8-1/2" x 12". Receipt for silver bullion accepted on board the ship Nuestra Senora de los Dolores (alias: the Aurora) bound for Cádiz, Spain, partially printed and partially handwritten (both sides), in excellent condition save for small holes where signed a little too enthusiastically. Estimate: $40-$60.

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2034. Original slave-sale document from Lima in colonial Peru dated 1797. 8-1/2" x 12-1/4". Fascinating document in excellent condition, mostly printed and therefore one of many such items, that basically shows the sale and official ownership in Peru of a slave, in this case a 16-year-old woman who arrived through Valparaiso, Chile, and was sold in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Estimate: $40-$60.

2035. Original military document from Santiago in colonial Chile dated 1804. 8-1/4" x 11-3/4". Pre-printed notification (dated 1803) about a military payment from the captain-general in Cuba with handwritten reply from his counterpart in Chile, nice condition, just a little brown from age. Estimate: $60-$90.

2036. Original Vice-regal document from Lima in colonial Peru dated 1818. 8-1/2" x 12". With Ferdinand VII seal at top, this document is a complaint letter answered in apology personally by the Viceroy Vezuela, excellent condition except for an old fold in the middle. Estimate: $60-$90.

2037. Original mint document from Lima in colonial Peru dated 1819. 8-1/2" x 12-1/4". Simple but important receipt for 22 bars of silver delivered to the mint, with seals at top, signatures in the middle and calculations at bottom, in excellent condition except for staining on left edge. Estimate: $40-$60.

2038. Original assay-office document from Lima in colonial Peru dated 1819. 8-1/2" x 12-1/4". Simple (no seals or artwork), partially printed and partially handwritten receipt for sale of gold to the Royal assayer, in excellent condition. Estimate: $40$60.

2039. Original mint document from Lima in colonial Peru dated 1820. 17" x 12-1/4". Large folded document in excellent condition that is basically a receipt for 6000 marcos of silver delivered to the mint and turned into 51,000 pesos of coins, with seals at top and signatures at bottom, some handwriting on back as well. Estimate: $40-$60.

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2042. Original mint document from Lima in the Republic

2040. Original military document signed by Simón Bolívar from Caracas in the Republic of Colombia (now in Venezuela) dated 1827. 8-1/2" x 12". Anything signed by Simon Bolívar is a hot item among collectors in most South American countries, and this document is an excellent example, a letter in which Bolívar is promoting a Sergeant in Callao (Peru) to the position of Second Lieutenant, with notes in margin dating to 1833, good condition except with tape repairs or reinforcements around edges. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

2041. Original military document signed by Emperor Iturbide from Mexico City dated 1822. 8-1/2" x 11-3/4". This is a letter offering retirement benefits at the level of Sergeant to a soldier for meritorious service in Iturbide’s army during the brief Empire of Mexico, excellent condition save for two small punch-holes. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

of Peru dated 1823. 8-1/2" x 12-1/4". Receipt for conversion of 500 pesos into money, partially printed and partially handwritten, with seal at top above president Don José de Boquí’s name in large letters, signatures at bottom, excellent condition but with old folds. Estimate: $40-$60.

2043. Original mint document from the Cuzco mint in the Republic of Peru dated 1827. 8" x 12". Receipt for silver delivered to the mint, with stamp for the mint of Cuzco at top above the printed name of military general Agustín Gamarra, partially printed and partially handwritten, front and back, in excellent condition with one minor crease as made. Estimate: $40-$60.

2044. Original personal correspondence document signed

by President Benito Juárez from Colima in the Republic of Mexico dated 1868. 7-3/4" x 9-3/4". This is confirmation of receipt of a letter from Ramon R. de la Vega offering his ser vices to Juárez, who was president of Mexico for five terms and the first Mexican president of indigenous origin and without a military background, on lined stationery embossed at top left, in excellent condition save for old folds. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $450-$695.

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2045. Original personal letter of introduction of an envoy to Argentina by Queen Victoria from Osborne on the Isle of Wight, England, dated 1885. 16" x 13" (fully opened). A twopage letter in the Queen’s own cursive script to the president of the Argentine Republic introducing a new British envoy, Francis John Pakenham, the document in excellent condition but originally folded. Estimate: $60-$90.

Historic maps

2047. Large French map, 1664, entitled “Isles D’Amerique

2046. Original mining rights document from Cuevas in

dites Caribes ou Cannibales et de Barlovento,” by Pierre du Val d’Abbeuile (Paris), showing the Windward Isles or Lesser Antilles in the southeastern Caribbean. 17" x 22". Well-keyed map showing the various English, Spanish, French and Dutch demarcations, in top condition (folded as made), completely original and rare. Estimate: $200-$300.

the United States of Mexico signed by President Porfirio Díaz dated 1909. 23" x 17" (fully opened). This document is a request for official permits to work a Mexican mine named “La Escuadra” for silver and gold by its new owner Juan Sears (under the law of 1892), apparently approved and signed by various officers and President Díaz (who was the President between the Maximilian Empire ending in 1867 and the 1910 Revolution), printed on a huge folio letterhead of the President, good condition but folded and with darkening in margins and punch-holes to one side. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection. Estimate: $85-$125.

2048. Small English map, ca. 1765, entitled “A Chart of

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the Coasts of Peru, Quito, Popayán and the Isthmus of Darien” showing the Pacific coastline from Panama down to Chile, published by Carrington Bowles (London). 12-1/ 4" x 7-1/2". Detailed map of the Pacific coastline of upper South and Central America as it was in the mid-1700s, with dozens of city names, the coastline and various rivers hand-colored, a bit worn and folded twice but completely intact. Estimate: $100-$150.

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2049. Hand-colored Dutch map of Venezuela, Colombia and Panama dated 1771, originally drawn by Jacques Nicolas Bellin in 1756 (based on cartography by Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d’Anville) and printed by A. van Krevelt, entitled “Carte des Provinces de Tierra Firme, Darien, Cartagene et Nouvelle Grenade.” 16" x 10". Beautiful map in yellow, pink and green showing the three regions as they were in the mid-1700s, with dozens of cities, provinces, rivers, islands and mountains notated, great condition except for mount marks in back corners, folded as made. Estimate: $250-$375.

2050. English 1795 edition of Thomas Kitchen, Sr.’s map of “Mexico or New Spain” for Robertson’s History of America (London, 1777), hand colored and professionally matted and framed. 22-1/4" x 19". Beautifully detailed and highlighted in color around borders, excellent condition save for original folds, tastefully framed and ready to hang. Curiously, the area of northern Texas is notated on this map as “Great Space of Land unknown”! Estimate: $250-$375.

2051. English 1831 map of Ancient Egypt drawn by George Long, engraved by J. & C. Walker, and published by Baldwin & Craddock (London) in 1844 for the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 13-3/4" x 16-1/4". From an early-1800s atlas of the world, this well-detailed map shows the Nile River from the Mediterranean down to Ethiopia, with all important locales of Ancient Egypt highly notated, nice condition except for small tears in edges. Estimate: $35-$50.

Miscellaneous 2052. English 1776 The London Chronicle newspaper, Vol. XL, No. 3112 (November 14-16, 1776). 8-1/2" x 11-1/4". Complete and intact newspaper (8 pages) in excellent condition, very desirable for the date and its reports about the Revolution in America and how General Washington “wants to throw up his commission as the Rebels will not stand to their works.” Estimate: $100-$500.

2053. English 1793 The Times newspaper, No. 2517 (January 26, 1793) with article about the execution of the French king. 11" x 17". One sheet, printed front and back, with various reports from around the world but particularly interesting for its coverage of the execution of King Louis XVI (whose wife Marie Antoinette was executed 9 months later) by the first French Republic, excellent condition save for minor tears in edge. Estimate: $30-$50.

2054. English 1809 pamphlet (Thomas Tegg, London) entitled Interesting Particulars of the Loss of the Hon. East India Company’s Ship The Hindostan (1803) by Edward Balston, Esq., Commander. 4-1/4" x 6-3/4". Small (22 pages) publication detailing the sinking of an East India Company ship off Margate, England, in 1803, written by its captain, in very good condition (minor stains) but missing the engraving in front. Estimate: $35-$50.

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2057. Slide presentation (28 color photo slides with

2055. United States 1869 bank draft from Helena, Montana, for $58, with vignette showing gold bars. 3-3/4" x 8-3/4". Printed with green ink on an orange background for the First National Bank in Montana, this cheque bears a picture of Gold Rush-era gold assay ingots on a counter next to a teller, significant proof of the existence of such bars there at that time, signed and stamped PAID, in excellent condition except for a few minor pinholes, comparable to specimens sold from the Ford collection for $2000+ each. Estimate: $1,000$2,000.

transcript and notes), featuring many unpublished photos of coins and artifacts and ingots from the Real Eight finds from the Spanish 1715 Fleet in the 1960s. This is the transcript (14 pages, with notes, both typed and handwritten) and actual slides used by Karl H. Goodpaster in the 1960s about Real Eight’s finds and the treasures of the 1715 Fleet. The flavor of his presentation is summed up in this tidbit from his notes: “I will attempt to show you in this presentation a cross section of artifacts that have been recovered from the clutches of the sea and some idea of the value, both historical and intrinsic, placed on these items.” Indeed, some of the coins and artifacts in the slides (like a 1714 8E Royal and the famous “dragon whistle” and chain) are nearly priceless, although most of the items pictured are simply representative. Fleet collectors will not want to miss this one! Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $500-up.

2058. Lot of documents (letters and map) relating to an

2056. United States 1895 stock certificate for 500 shares at $1 each in the Bonito Gold Mining Co. of West Virginia. 10-3/4" x 8-1/4". Gold mine stocks are rare and in great demand today, especially high-value ones like this, which pertains to a mine in West Virginia, with gray printing and vignettes on green and white background, serial number 34 stamped in red, hand-signed by treasurer Edward de Lima and president Julius Chambers, red printing on back, excellent condition except for ink damage at very edge. Estimate: $150-$225.

application for a salvage lease for a 1715-Fleet site, along with a letter offering coins for sale in the 1960s. This lot is a fascinating glimpse into an attempt by Goodpaster to circumvent Real Eight’s influence, as it features letters from Karl’s attorney (along with a photocopy of an 1834 map of Florida) relating to an application to the State Board of Antiquities for a lease to salvage an area that Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator) wanted to work on his own, along with an original letter (with handwritten prototype) by Goodpaster offering five choice and rare 1715-Fleet silver cobs (with photocopy of the coins in question) for cash sales (as opposed to a trade option offered by Real Eight), a lot of priceless ephemera from the Real Eight days. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $500-up.

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2059. Lot of letters and auction catalogs relating to early

2061. Lot of 4 postcards (1970s vintage) picturing coins,

marketing of Real Eight finds, including a Schulman auction catalog from 1966 and note on their stationery and Treasure of the Spanish Main pamphlet, plus a 1967 letter typed by Philip W. Pillsbury of the Pillsbury Corporation (think dough). The two printed catalogs in this lot are known classics, but it is the original notes and letters that give this lot value, for they reveal early marketing efforts by Goodpaster on Real Eight’s behalf, including a reply letter from Pillsbury stating that he “never thought that foreign coins had any market to speak of in this country” and “foreign coins (outside of gold) aren’t worth much,” a fascinating demonstration of how Fleet cobs were once disdained, in great contrast to today. Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $50-up.

cannon and bell from the Association and Romney (both sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England), from the Roland Morris museum in Penzance. Each about 6" x 4". Out-of-print tourist souvenirs from the famous Roland Morris museum, three of them in color but one black-andwhite, the perfect accompaniment for coins and artifacts from the Association. Estimate: $50-$75.

2062. Salvage company stock prospectus from 1987 for Shipwrecks, Inc. 8-1/2" x 11". Thick folio of typed and photocopied pages (with some color photos, including one of a Colombian gold figurine on the front page) of an offering of stock in a Pennsylvania-based company that proposed to salvage various 1500s1800s wrecks off Cape Canaveral, Florida, the Bahamas and the Dry Tortugas, with technical information, historical background and photocopies of related articles. Estimate: $40-$60.

2060. Lot of 3 newspaper articles and ads from 1967 about Real Eight, the 1715 Fleet and cob coins. Continuing the theme of the uphill battle Real Eight faced in getting their silvercoin finds properly appreciated, one article in this lot is titled “The World’s Ugliest Coin,” while another article here (from a newspaper for Bendix Launch Support, who employed Goodpaster) shows a picture of Karl H. Goodpaster with the silver coins captioned as “Spanish Doubloons.” Pedigreed to the estate of Karl H. Goodpaster (Real Eight conservator). Estimate: $50up.

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ARTWORK featuring treasure themes Paintings 2063. Small painting of Hernando de Soto (oil on board), mostly tan/brown in color, probably 20th century but possibly earlier. 7" x 10". Painted in various shades of white and brown by an unknown artist at an unspecified time, with “Hernando de Soto Conquistador de la Florida” handwritten on the back, well preserved except for bruises in corners and side, this little gem really has an “old” look to it but the cardboard canvas would seem to indicate something more modern. Estimate: $40-$60.

Posters

2064. Poster for Stromness Museum (Orkney Islands, north of Scotland) exhibition of artifacts from the wreck of the Svecia (sunk in 1740 off the Orkneys) from 1984. 14" x 19-1/4". Black ink on dark russet paper, in excellent condition save for minor corner-bends. Estimate: $25-$40.

2065. Poster for Sotheby’s (London) auction of artifacts from the SS Medina (sunk in 1917 off Devon, England) from 1988. 16-1/2" x 11-3/4". Beautiful full-color poster showing the ship at sea in a contemporary painting, excellent condition. Estimate: $25-$40.

2066. Lot of 3 posters for Stedelijk Museum (Vlissingen, the Netherlands) exhibition of artifacts from the Vliegenthart (sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands) from circa 1990. 12" x 12", 11-1/2" x 16" and 9-1/4" x 19-1/4". The smallest one in black and blue ink on white (showing the ship sinking), the middle one with white text and black schematic of ship against blue background (appears to have been intentionally water-streaked), and the tallest one in black ink on tan paper showing the same sinking scene as the smallest poster in this lot, all in excellent condition (just a few edge-bruises on the tallest one). Estimate: $60-$90.

Prints 2067. Signed serigraph print #52 of the Concepción shipwreck of 1641, printed with indigo dye salvaged from the wreck, signed limited edition (200 copies made), by Duke Long (1981). 15" x 21". Detailed engraving of the ship under full sail, one of several excellent works by Long after the location and salvage of the wreck, but this one significantly printed using actual ink from the wreck and therefore both a piece of artwork AND a genuine shipwreck artifact! Excellent condition, just some tape at top from framing. With certificate and flyer. Estimate: $350-$500.

2068. Signed lithograph print #84 of the Rooswijk shipwreck of 1739, limited edition (400 copies made), by artist Ralph Curnow (2006). 15-1/2" x 12-1/2". Full-color print showing the Rooswijk on the high seas, painted by Ralph Curnow, the brother of one of the modern salvagers of the Rooswijk, hand-numbered and signed by the artist in the margins, mint condition except for minor bending. Estimate: $50$75.

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MEDIA Books 2069. Ballantyne, R.M. The Pirate City (1926?).

2075. DeWitt, James. In Pursuit of the Spanish Galleon HC,

F. Antique fiction novel about pirates in the Mediterranean and

specifically the city of Algiers, with bookplate in front awarding this book as a prize in 1926. Estimate: $50-$75.

2070. Bland, Roger, and Catherine Johns. The Hoxne Treasure—An Illustrated Introduction (1993). SC, VF. Brief but profusely illustrated British Museum pamphlet about an Ancient Roman hoard of coins and artifacts found in England in 1992. Estimate: $25-$40.

2071. Bowers, Q. David. A California Gold Rush Histor y ( 2 0 0 2 ) . H C , VF. Monstrously large book containing everything anyone ever needed to know about the California Gold Rush from a numismatist’s perspective, based on the finds from the S.S. Central America (1857), all the gold ingots from which are photographed and cataloged herein. Estimate: $100-$150.

2072. Burgess, Robert F. Sinkings, Salvages, and Shipwrecks (1970). HC, DJ, VF with small tears in DJ. Popular classic about treasure salvage efforts all around the world. Estimate: $20-$30.

2073. Cordingly, David. Under the Black Flag (1995). HC, DJ, NM. Fairly recent book about Henry Morgan, Capt. Kidd and other pirates, written by one of their most ardent and erudite chroniclers in modern times. Estimate: $15-$25.

2074. Craig, Alan K. Gold Coins of the 1715 Spanish Plate Fleet: A Numismatic Study of the State of Florida Collection (1988, Number 4 of the Florida Archaeology series). HC, DJ, VF. Seminumismatic survey of all the gold cobs from the 1715 Fleet in the State of Florida Collection, with good photos, now superseded by a second edition but still useful since the data did not change.

Estimate: $80-$120.

(1966). HC, ex-lib, F. Fiction novel based on Commodore Anson’s plundering voyage around the world in 1740. Estimate: $15$25.

2076. Dorling, Captain Taprell “Taffrail”. Pirates (1936 reprint). HC, F. Historical fiction novel about piracy in Asian waters in the 1920s. Estimate: $30-$45.

2077. Duffield, J.W. Radio Boys Under the Sea (1923). HC, G with separated binding. Adolescent fiction novel about sunken treasure hunting in the 1920s by the “Radio Boys” (part of series). Estimate: $15-$25.

2078. Felton, Harold W. William Phips and the Treasure Ships (1965). HC, DJ, ex-lib, VF. Historical fiction novel about Sir William Phipps (alternate spelling in this book) and his salvage of the Concepción (1641) off Hispaniola in 1687. Estimate: $20-$30.

2079. Fish, Frank L. Buried Treasure and Lost Mines (1963 2nd printing). SC, VF. A list of various hoards and treasures (including some shipwrecks) known to the author, with tips on how to hunt with a metal detector, etc. Estimate: $20-$30.

2080. French, Joseph Lewis (ed). Great Pirate Stories (1937 reprint). HC, F. Hefty anthology, in fact two volumes in one binding, with excerpts from classic--and in some cases contemporary--pirate chronicles like Esquemeling, etc., covering all the major pirate histories from the 1600s through the 1800s, a useful reference in the absence of the original references. Estimate: $20-$30.

2081. Fullerton, Alexander. The Thunder and the Flame (1964). HC, DJ, ex-lib, F. Historical fiction novel about English pursuit of Spanish treasure in the 1590s. Estimate: $15-$25.

2082. Goddio, Franck. Lost at Sea: The Strange Route of the Lena Shoal Junk (2002). SC, VF. Huge coffee table-style book, packed with excellent photos of Chinese porcelains found on this Ming Dynasty wreck, including archeological reports and professional articles. Estimate: $75-$110.

2083. Haring, Clarence Henry.

Trade and Navigation Between Spain and the Indies in the Time of the Hapsburgs (1964 reprint of 1918 original). HC, F. Detailed and scholarly examination of shipping to and from the New World from the early 1500s to the 1700s, with lots of important factual information. Estimate: $30-$45.

2084. Horner, Dave. Shipwreck (1999), inscribed by author. HC, DJ, NM. The entire story of the accursed fate of

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the Capitana (1654) and the Maravillas (1656) and even subsequent losses, largely based on the memoirs of a padre who witnessed the wrecks firsthand as a passenger. Estimate: $35-$50.

2085. Howden Smith, Arthur D. Porto Bello Gold (1925 5th printing). HC, F. Classic fiction novel about Captain Flint and the pursuit of treasure in the Spanish Main. Estimate: $15-$25.

2086. Ladd, Richard S. (compiler). A Descriptive List of Treasure Maps and Charts in the Library of Congress (1988 Rio Grande reprint). SC, NM. Self-explanatory title, a boon to treasure researchers of all types, originally compiled in 1955. Estimate: $15-$25.

2087. Le Golif, Louis Adhémar Timothée “Borgnefesse”.

Memoirs of a Buccaneer (1954). HC, DJ, VF. The fascinating memoirs of a French pirate captain operating in the Caribbean in the late 1600s, discovered and translated in the 20th century. Estimate: $15-$25.

2088. López-Chaves y Sánchez, Leopoldo. Catálogo del Doblón de a Dos Escudos (1964). HC, DJ, VF with damage to DJ. State-of-the-art in the 1960s, this book about Spanish and Spanish colonial 2 escudos is now severely out-of-date, but it is good for seeing what rarities have come to light since then, particularly finds from the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $35-$50.

2089. Marx, Robert. Shipwrecks in Mexican Waters (1981), autographed by the author. SC, NM. An important classic covering the author’s work with Clay Blair and Pablo Bush Romero off the east coast of Mexico, particularly on the Matanceros wreck, with an exhaustive listing of wrecks in the area at the end. Estimate: $60-$90.

2090. Marx, Robert F. Sea Fever (1972). HC, DJ, ex-lib, F. The story of 16 famous underwater archeologists, scientists and treasure hunters, including: Peter Throckmorton, George Bass, Pablo Bush Romero, Art McKee, Tom Gurr, Kip Wagner, Mel Fisher, Teddy Tucker and Edwin Link. Estimate: $25-$40.

2091. Marx, Robert F. Still More Adventures (1976), inscribed by author. HC, DJ, VF. Basically a sequel to Always Another Adventure by the same author, with details about his salvage and archeological work in Port Royal, Jamaica, and on both the Serranilla and Serrana Banks. Estimate: $50-$75.

2092. Marx, Robert F., with Jennifer G. Marx. In Quest of the Great White Gods (1992), inscribed by author. HC, DJ, NM. An overview of examples of first European contacts in the New World and elsewhere told from the perspective of a famous modern-day adventurer who made actual discoveries relating to the topic. Estimate: $35-$50.

2093. Mathewson, R. Duncan, III. Treasure of the Atocha (1986). HC, DJ, VF. An overview of the archeological problems

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and techniques used in excavating the Atocha shipwreck, probably the best known of the many books about this wreck, with plenty of illustrations. Estimate: $25-$40.

2094. Monjo, F.N. Pirates in Panama (1970). HC, DJ, ex-lib, VF. Juvenile picture-book about the 1671 sacking of Panama

by Henry Morgan from the perspective of a local clergyman. Estimate: $15-$25.

2095. Nesmith, Robert I. Dig for Pirate Treasure (1958 Devin-Adair edition), inscribed by author (rare). HC, DJ, VF. Rare first edition (not the usual Bonanza Books edition, which is technically a reprint), a very popular but generalized book about lost treasures and shipwrecks around the world, with many photos, particularly useful as one of the few references with information on the ca.-1636 “Mesuno hoard” in Colombia. Estimate: $125$200.

2096. Perez Longo, Alfonso. El Moclón (2008). SC, Mint. A new and accurate guide to the Guatemala crown countermarks of 1662 (not 1663 as previously believed), written by an expert in the field, with photos and transcripts of actual documents from the time. Estimate: $25-$50.

2097. Potter, John. The Treasure Diver’s Guide (1988 revised ed). SC, Mint. The first comprehensive listing of wrecks around the world, considered for decades to be the “bible” of treasure salvage, with maps and a discussion about the Spanish fleets in particular, and with many photos of treasure.

Estimate: $25-$40.

2098. Quarrell, Charles. Buried Treasure (1955). HC, DJ, VF. Early “treasure hunting” book about various hoards and shipwrecks in and around the British Isles. Estimate: $15-$25.

2099. Rockwood, Roy. Dave Fearless after a Sunken Treasure (1918). HC, VG. Adolescent novel about treasure hunting by the fictional hero “Dave Fearless” (part of a series). Estimate: $25-$40.

2100. Schneider, Janet M. Shipwrecked 1622—The Lost Treasure of Philip IV (1981 Queens Museum exhibition guide). SC, NM. A well-illustrated pamphlet, with lots of photos of artifacts from the ship, that accompanied an exhibit of Atocha treasures in 1981. Estimate: $20-$30.

2101. Sellschopp, Dr. E.A. Las acuñaciones de las cecas de Lima, La Plata y Potosí (1992 2nd ed). SC, NM. Collectors of Peruvian silver cobs know (or should) that the Sellschopp reference is the first and only die-study of these coins, and while it contains many inaccurate conclusions, the photos and analysis are still pertinent today, a fact that was recognized by Paul Karon, who reprinted it with some additional photos and foreword in 1992. Estimate: $35-$50.

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2102. Stevenson, Robert Louis. Treasure Island (1926

2111. Volker, Roy and Dick Richmond. In the Wake of

reprint). HC, F. The classic pirate tale of Long John Silver in a fairly early reprint (originally written in 1883), widely acknowledged as the origin of most of the pirate stereotypes we know today, as well as the ditty “Yo-ho-ho, and a bottle of rum!” Estimate: $25-$40.

2103. Sténuit, Robert. The Dolphin, Cousin to Man (1968), autographed by the author, rare. SC, VF. Written by a famous treasure salvager, this paperback is a revelation of the author’s experience with and respect for the intelligence of dolphins. Estimate: $20-$30.

2104. Sténuit, Robert. Treasures of the Armada (1973), autographed by the author. HC, DJ, VF. An account of the history behind the Spanish Armada of 1588 and the salvage of one of its galleons by the author. Estimate: $35-$50.

2105. Stimson, Alan. The Mariner’s Astrolabe (1988). HC, DJ, NM. A rare and complete study of the 65 known (at the time of its writing) surviving examples of mariner’s astrolabes in the world according to research by the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich, England, with ample photos. Estimate: $100-$150.

2106. Stovall, Dennis H. Pirates Fierce and Bold (1929). HC, VG. With the appearance of an adolescent fiction novel, this book is actually a fairly useful compilation of the histories of some of the most famous pirates of centuries past. Estimate: $40-$60.

2107. Sutton, Felix. Skin Diving for Sunken Treasure (1957). HC, ex-lib, Fair. Adolescent fiction novel about diving on treasure wrecks, inspired by the invention of SCUBA at the time. Estimate: $15-$25.

2108. Townsend, Tom. Where the Pirates Are (1985). HC, DJ, VF. Historical fiction novel about the search for treasure in and around Galveston Bay, Texas. Estimate: $15-$25.

2109. Van der Pijl-Ketel, C.L. (ed).

The Ceramic Load of the ‘Witte Leeuw’ (1613), autographed by Robert Sténuit. SC, VF. A profusely illustrated archeological report by the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam on the porcelains found on this wreck by Sténuit in the late 1970s. Estimate: $100-$150.

2110. Volker, Roy and Dick Richmond. In the Wake of the Golden Galleons (1976). SC, VF. The story of the author’s quest for the Maravillas treasure in the 1960s as well as stories of salvaging treasure with Mel Fisher, Art Hartman and Bob Marx. Estimate: $15-$25.

the Golden Galleons (1976). SC, F. The story of the author’s quest for the Maravillas treasure in the 1960s as well as stories of salvaging treasure with Mel Fisher, Art Hartman and Bob Marx, this copy with desirable museum pedigree. Pedigreed to the Kelly Tarlton Shipwreck Museum (New Zealand). Estimate: $25$40.

2112. Wagner, Kip. Pieces of Eight (1967 2nd printing), with 10 signatures from the Real Eight Co. HC, DJ, F. The original classic story about Kip Wagner and the Real Eight Co. and their salvage of the 1715 Fleet off the east coast of Florida. Copies with all ten signatures of the Real Eight Co. associates (all the men pictured on the back of the dust jacket) like this one are ver y rare and highly sought. Estimate: $300-$450.

2113. Wagner, Kip. Pieces of Eight (1966 first ed). HC, DJ, F. The original classic story about Kip Wagner and the Real Eight Co. and their salvage of the 1715 Fleet off the east coast of Florida, this example a scarce first edition. Estimate: $50$75.

2114. Weller, Robert “Frogfoot.” Sunken Treasure on Florida Reefs (1993 revised ed). SC, F. Sort of a “Practical Book of…” (originally published in 1987, the same year as our cob book) for the 1715 Fleet, written by one of the most popular modern chroniclers who salvaged it, with locations and details of all the sites and illustrated with color photos of significant finds. Estimate: $35-$50.

2115. Wilson, Edward A. The Pirate’s Treasure, or The Strange Adventures of Jack Adams on the Spanish Main (1926 2nd ed). HC, F. Early edition of a popular adolescent fiction novel about pirates in the Caribbean. Estimate: $15$25.

2116. Wilson, Edw. A. The Pirate’s Treasure (1926, 11th ed). HC, VG. A popular adolescent fiction novel about pirates in the Caribbean that was reprinted many times, yet oddly they all bear the publication date of 1926! Estimate: $25-$40.

2117. Winston, Alexander. No Man Knows My Grave: Privateers and Pirates, 1665-1715 (1969). HC, DJ, ex-lib, VG. Factual and somewhat scholarly history about Henry Morgan, Capt. Kidd and others during the “Great Age of Piracy” in the late 1600s and early 1700s. Estimate: $20-$30.

2118. Wise, Donald A. (compiler). A Descriptive List of Treasure Maps and Charts in the Library of Congress (1973 second edition). SC, VF. Self-explanatory title, a boon to treasure researchers of all types. Estimate: $15-$25.

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Magazines 2119. Skin Diver (February, 1967), with article “Million different wrecks, notably the ca.-1528 “Tumbaga $panish Treasure.” F. Featuring a pre-auction “P.R.” article with excellent photos for the Parke-Bernet “Treasure of the Spanish Main” sale that month. Estimate: $25-$40.

2120. Spinning Wheel (June, 1967), with article “Treasure of the Spanish Main.” VF. Antique collectors’ magazine with illustrated post-auction “P.R.” article about the Parke-Bernet “Treasure of the Spanish Main” auction in February of 1967. Estimate: $25-$40.

2121. Lot of 5 periodicals with articles by or about Robert Sténuit and signed by him. Valuable collection of scholarly Sténuitiana, including: National Geographic (May 1963), with article “The Long, Deep Dive” about Robert Sténuit; National Geographic (June 1969), with article “Priceless Relics of the Spanish Armada” by Robert Sténuit; International Journal of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration, offprint (stapled sheets) of 1976 article “The wreck of the pink Evstafii—A transport of the Imperial Russian Navy, lost off Shetland in 1780” by Robert Sténuit; National Geographic (October 1978), with article “Sunken Treasure of St. Helena” by Robert Sténuit; and Reader’s Digest (June 1981), with article “He Dives Into History” about Robert Sténuit. Estimate: $125-$200.

2122. Skin Diver magazine, October, 1986 (with Mel Fisher on cover) with article “Jewels of the Atocha,” by Steve Lucas, accompanied by 1986 reprint article “Coins of the Nuestra Senora de Atocha, ” by N. Neil Har ris (Numismatist magazine). Both VF. Two lavishly illustrated articles published just after the major 1622 Atocha find, one with a treasure-diving perspective and the other numismatic. Estimate: $25-$40.

2123. Treasure Diver magazine, Vol. 4 No. 4 (July, 1993), with ar ticle “Jupiter’s Golden Galleon,” by John Christopher Fine, including color cover photo featuring gold and silver coins from the 1659 wreck. VF. Useful as one of very few published resources on this find on the east coast of Florida, with color photos of coins and other items from the wreck, also with an article by Capt. Dominic Addario of Jupiter Wreck Inc. about legal battles with governments and archeologists. Estimate: $25-$40.

Catalogs 2124. Almanzar’s (San Antonio, TX). Mail Bid Auction (December 14, 1979), with prices realized. VF. Important world-coin catalog that features an article at the end about the 1733 Fleet by Jack Haskins followed by a Mexican 8E 1733 from the wrecks (last lot of the sale) described as “A King in Numismatics” that realized a record price (at the time) of $26,660. Estimate: $30-$40.

2125. Bowers & Merena Galleries (Long Beach, CA).

Treasures of the World (June 5-6, 2002). VF. Important catalog with ingots and numismatic treasures from many

wreck.” Estimate: $30-$45.

2126. Butterfield & Butterfield (Caesar’s Palace, Las Vegas). Mel Fisher’s Treasures of the Atocha and her sister ship the Santa Margarita (September 26, 1987), with oversized promotional folder and reprint article “Coins of the Nuestra Senora de Atocha,” by N. Neil Harris (Numismatist magazine, 1986). VF overall. Early “glamour” auction of Atocha finds, with history in front, accompanied by a scholarly numismatic article from the year prior. Estimate: $60-$90.

2127. Christensen, Henry (Madison, NJ). Treasures of the Conception (May 14, 1982). VF. A standard world-coin auction catalog but significant to treasure people as the first and only large offering of coins (including Colombian rarities) from the Concepción wreck of 1641. Estimate: $50-$75.

2128. Christie’s (Amsterdam).

Important Gold, Silver, Jewellery and Artifacts Recovered from the Wrecks of Dutch, Spanish and English 17th, 18th and 19th Century Ships (March 16, 1983), autographed by Robert Sténuit. NM. Important auction catalog of coins and artifacts from the Utrecht (1648), “Standing Cannon wreck” (1699), Esperanza (1658) and Slot ter Hooge (1724).Estimate: $75$110.

2129. Christie’s (Amsterdam). The Diana Cargo (March 6-7, 1995), with prices realized. VF. Beautifully illustrated catalog for the principal auction of porcelains and other artifacts from the Diana, sunk in 1817 off Malaysia. Estimate: $35$50.

2130. Christie’s (New York). Gold and Silver of the Atocha and Santa Margarita (June 14-15, 1988). SC, NM. Probably the largest and most important treasure catalog of all time, featuring gold chains, astrolabes, many gold “finger” bars and huge silver bars from the Atocha and Margarita, plus some gold cobs from the 1715 Fleet. The intact Atocha Research Collection is also offered separately at the end of the catalog, right after a complete (encrusted) chest of coins. Estimate: $60-$90.

2131. Christie’s (New York). Coins from the Wreck of H.M.S. Feversham (February 7, 1989), with prices realized. NM. Very thin but important catalog of coins from the Feversham, sunk in 1711 off Nova Scotia, Canada, including plugged silver cobs and Massachusetts Bay Colony shillings (but no gold), with excellent essay on the wreck and its coins in the front. Estimate: $35-$50.

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2132. Christie’s (New York). Coins from the Wreck of

2139. Lane & Son, W.H. (Penzance, England). Sale of

H.M.S. Feversham (February 7, 1989). VF. Very thin but important catalog of coins from the Feversham, sunk in 1711 off Nova Scotia, Canada, including plugged silver cobs and Massachusetts Bay Colony shillings (but no gold), with excellent essay on the wreck and its coins in the front. Estimate: $30$45.

2133. Christie’s (New York) in association with Spink.

Gold Rush Treasures from the SS Central America (December 14, 2000), with prices realized. NM. Important second auction of gold coins and bullion from the SS Central America (1857), a fabulous wealth of gold from the sea. Estimate: $35-$50.

2134. Dix Noonan Webb (London). The Santa Lucia Treasure (June 20, 2001). VF. World-coin auction, the first 306 lots of which (mostly coins but some artifacts) were famously stopped by injunction by the Italian government, who successfully laid claim to the wreck (believed to be the British ship Lion of 1841), thereby making this catalog an important collectible. Estimate: $50-$75.

2135. Guernsey’s (New York). Titanic & Other Legendary Liners (June 10, 2004). VF. Heavily illustrated “coffee table”style catalog with lots of memorabilia pertaining to the Titanic, Andrea Doria, Lusitania and several other wrecked vessels. Estimate: $35-$50.

2136. Hoare, Jeffrey (Toronto). Numismatic Sale No 26— -Torex (February 26-27, 1993), with prices realized. NM. The slightly obscure “second auction” (after Christie’s) of silver coins from the Feversham (sunk in 1711 off Nova Scotia, Canada), with historical introduction. Estimate: $30-$45.

2137. Kunstveilingern Mak Van Waay B.V. (Amsterdam).

Munten en Gebruiksvoorwerpen Etc., Afkomstig uit de Wrakken van vier Schepen der V.O.C. T.W. de “Prinses Maria”, de “Curacao”, de “Lastdrager” en de “Hollandia” (April 29, 1974), autographed by Robert Sténuit. NM. Written in Dutch, this rare and important catalog lists and pictures coins and artifacts from several somewhat obscure wrecks of the Dutch East India Co. salvaged by Sténuit. Estimate: $75-$110.

2138. Lane & Son, W.H. (Penzance, England). The Association Coin (September 24, 1974). NM. Classic catalog (with historical background) of coins and artifacts from the Association (sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England). Estimate: $50-$75.

Sunken Treasure (September 26, 1975). NM. An important offering of 9 different wrecks off the British Isles, with historical background on each, riding on the heels of the success of the Hollandia and Association auctions by this firm in the two years prior. Estimate: $50-$75.

2140. Parke-Bernet Galleries (New York). Treasure of the Spanish Main (Februar y 4, 1967). VF. The most important and scarcest of the early auctions of gold and silver cobs and artifacts from the 1715 Fleet, the property of Real Eight Co. Estimate: $100$150.

2141. Parke-Bernet Galleries (New York). Treasure of the Spanish Main (Februar y 4, 1967). Fine. The most important and scarcest of the early auctions of gold and silver cobs and artifacts from the 1715 Fleet, the property of Real Eight Co. Estimate: $100-$150.

2142. Ponterio & Associates (Chicago). The Paul Karon Potosí Cob Collection (March 17, 1990), with prices realized. NM. An essential catalog for the collector of Potosí cobs, especially inasmuch as most of the lots (even the smaller coins) are photographed, also with important articles by Torrey McLean (1652 Transitionals) and Barry Stallard (half reales), and cataloged by Freeman Craig. Estimate: $50-$75.

2143. Ponterio & Associates (Chicago). The Paul Karon Potosí Cob Collection (March 17, 1990), with prices realized. VF. An essential catalog for the collector of Potosí cobs, especially inasmuch as most of the lots (even the smaller coins) are photographed, also with important articles by Torrey McLean (1652 Transitionals) and Barry Stallard (half reales), and cataloged by Freeman Craig. Estimate: $50-$75.

2144. Ponterio & Associates (San Diego). Lot of 2 catalogs: C.I.C.F. ‘93 (Chicago, IL, February 26-27, 1993), and Long Beach Numismatic Expo (June 5, 1993), both with prices realized. Both VF. Two typical world-coin auction catalogs with many cobs and other Latin American rarities. Estimate: $40-$60.

2145. Ponterio & Associates (Rosemont, IL). “ La Capitana” — C.I.C.F. ‘99 (April 10, 1999). NM. An extremely important and useful catalog for researchers of Potosí countermarked and transitional coins of 1649-1652, being the official offering of finds from the Capitana (sunk off Ecuador in 1654), with essays in the front showing all the different known countermarks and transitional Types. Estimate: $50-$75.

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2146. Schulman Gallery (New York). Treasures of Two Oceans (February 6-8, 1969), with prices realized. VF. The title of this classic catalog refers to offerings from the “Lucayan Beach wreck” (sunk ca. 1628 off Grand Bahama Island) and the Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon,” sunk in 1656 off Western Australia). Estimate: $40-$60.

2147. Schulman Coin & Mint (New York). Spanish Galleon Treasure (November 27-29, 1972), with prices realized. VF. Important early auction of gold and silver coins (plus a few ingots and artifacts) from the Maravillas (sunk in 1656 off Grand Bahama Island) and the 1715 Fleet, with excellent introductory essay in the front by Calicó. Estimate: $50-$75.

2148. Sotheby & Co. (London). Catalogue of Treasure Recovered off the Shetland Isles (November 8, 1973). NM. Important classic catalog of coins and artifacts recovered by Robert Sténuit off several different (and relatively obscure) wrecks off the Shetland Isles, north of Scotland, with excellent introduction. Estimate: $50-$75.

2149. Sotheby & Co. (London).

Catalogue of Treasure Recovered off the Shetland Isles (November 8, 1973), autographed by Robert Sténuit. VF. Important classic catalog of coins and artifacts recovered by Robert Sténuit off several different (and relatively obscure) wrecks off the Shetland Isles, north of Scotland, with excellent introduction. Estimate: $75-$110.

2150. Sotheby’s (London).

Catalogue of Oriental Ceramics and Works of Art… including… a Group of Ceramics salvaged from the wreck of the EastIndiaman “WITTE LEEUW” sunk off the island of ST. HELENA in 1613 (March 15, 1977), with prices realized stapled to cover, autographed by Robert Sténuit. VF. Self-explanatory title, a thin but rare catalog with excellent (black-and-white) photos of recovered porcelains. Estimate: $75-$110.

2151. Sotheby’s (New York). A Captain-General’s Chain and Badge of Office from the 1715 Spanish Treasure Fleet (March 24, 1993). Mint. Basically just a flyer for a one-lot auction of the famous gold “dragon” whistle and 11' chain found in 1962 by Rex Stocker and Kip Wagner of the Real Eight Co. reportedly on the beach opposite the “Cabin wreck” site just south of Sebastian, a fabulous piece that sold at auction in 1967 for $50,000, a veritable fortune at the time, but did not sell in this 1993 auction. Estimate: $25-$40.

2152. Sotheby’s (New York). The Uruguayan Treasure of the River Plate (March 24-25, 1993), with promo flyer (large), with prices realized, personally inscribed by the salvager. NM. A fabulous offering of gold coins and ingots from what was later determined to be the Luz (1752), with excellent numismatic analysis and photos throughout. Autographed and inscribed by Rubén Collado under his picture in the catalog. Estimate: $40-$60.

2153. Sotheby’s (New York). Coins, Medals and Banknotes (December 14, 2000), with prices realized. Mint. World-coin auction with selection of gold bars and nuggets from the SS Central America (1857) at the end. Estimate: $25-$40.

2154. Sotheby’s (New York). Coins, Medals and Banknotes (December 14, 2000), with prices realized. Mint. World-coin auction with selection of gold bars and nuggets from the SS Central America (1857) at the end. Estimate: $25-$40.

2155. Spink (London) in association with Christie’s. The Douro Cargo (November 20-21, 1996). NM. Thousands of British gold sovereigns from one wreck (the Douro, sunk in 1882 off Cape Finisterre, France), plus a smattering of other gold coins, presented with historical background. Estimate: $30-$45.

2156. Spink (London). The Clive of India Treasure (September 28, 2000). NM. A scarce catalog of Portuguese and Brazilian gold coins from a mysterious find related to Clive’s gold consignment aboard the Dodington (sunk in 1755 off South Africa), diminished in size but heightened in controversy due to injunction by the South African government leading up to the sale. Estimate: $30-$45.

2157. Sugarman, Jay (Miami, FL). The Vanderbilt Collection (June 5-6, 1999). VF. ”Glamour” auction of trophies from many different wrecks, organized somewhat like an estate sale but with admission charged and everything heavily reserved, still a good reference for some important pieces (all photographed). Estimate: $40-$60.

2158. Superior Galleries (Beverly Hills, CA). Ancient Coins, Antiquities and Coins of the World including Coins of the Reijgersdaal Shipwreck (June 2, 1992). Fine. Worldcoin auction with a large offering of pillar dollars from the Reijgersdaal (sunk in 1747 off South Africa), with 2-page historical background. Estimate: $25-$40.

2159. Superior Galleries (New York). The Paul Karon Collection of 8 Escudos and other Classic Latin American Coinage (December 11, 1992), with prices realized. Mint. Very important and meticulously researched offering of Latin American rarities, including 8 escudos by type and early Caribbean silver and copper (particularly strong in Santo Domingo), cataloged by Freeman Craig and profusely illustrated. Estimate: $50-$75.

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FINAL LOT FOR CHARITY

2160. Deo Fisher’s blazer (women’s), all proceeds going to the Michael Abt Jr. Have a Heart Foundation. With treasure comes tragedy, as the Mel Fisher family found out way too many times, but the sudden death of Taffi Fisher Abt’s son Michael on March 10, 2006, was completely unexpected and especially tragic, as he was only 12. Michael was active and ostensibly fit, a popular straight-A student who liked baseball, math, animals, music, skateboarding and motor-cross dirt biking. Naturally he was looking forward to scuba training as well. But then one day, while playing capture-the-flag during P.E. at his school, he simply collapsed from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). While CPR was administered in vain, apparently no one thought to get the school’s Automated External Defibrillator (AED), which could have saved his life. Since then, Taffi and her husband Michael Sr. have campaigned to make sure schools and sports/youth groups have AED’s handy AND have the proper training to know when and how to use them. Their foundation is the Michael Abt Jr. Have a Heart Foundation (www.haveaheartformichael.org), to which all proceeds from this lot, including buyer’s fee, will be contributed. The lot item itself is a fitting tribute to the Fisher family anyway because it was the property of Deo Fisher, Mel’s wife and Taffi’s mother, who died at the beginning of 2009. The jacket is blood red in color, size 18, 55%/45% linen-cotton blend (dry clean only) and only lightly worn. Bid high so that you or someone you know can wear Deo’s jacket proudly, knowing that you have done your part to prevent another tragedy like Michael’s. Estimate: $100-up.

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