2025-26 St. David's School Curriculum Guide

collaborate generously embrace learning

lead with humility persevere through challenges

pursue excellence seek Christ 2025-26

CURRICULUM GUIDE

Welcome to the St. David’s School Curriculum Guide!

As you explore this guide, you will notice that our academic program is designed to cultivate students who embody the portrait of a St. David’s School graduate – one who embraces learning, pursues excellence, perseveres

through challenges, leads with humility, collaborates generously and seeks Christ.

The St. David’s School experience combines the right mix of challenging academics, competitive athletics, Christian faith formation, character and leadership development opportunities, and a second-to-none fine arts program, all of which come together, over the full pre-K through 12th grade journey, to awaken wonder in students, to give them every opportunity to explore new challenges and to expand their imagination for the next leg of their journeys, confident that they will be well-prepared wherever their journeys take them.

The academic program at St. David’s School fosters deep engagement with the profound truths and the staggering beauty of the whole created order through the study of language, mathematics, literature, history, the arts, science and innovation, knowing that just behind, beneath and beyond all genuine encounters with goodness and beauty, one will find Christ, who is the source of all beauty. Wherever truth is discovered through our studies, explorations and learning, Christ, who is the ultimate Truth, has been our teacher. “…For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible… and in him all things hold together.” (Colossians 1:16-17) Teaching and learning from a thoroughly Christian framework involves earnestly cultivating the life of the mind at an unhurried pace. As students learn to read, think and write, first through the formative exercises of putting together letters to make words, words to form sentences and sentences to build ideas, the life of the mind is prepared over time to grapple with the fundamental questions of life from which all other questions emerge (e.g. Who are we? What do we desire? Why are we here? How shall we live our lives?). In due course, students enter into perennial human dialogues as they journey alongside their peers and teachers in the counsel of Scripture and the many great sages of western tradition.

Along the way, students learn to think and discern by asking questions and by listening to the questions of others. In this environment, students contribute to a rich discourse of perspectives and grow in the patience, forbearance and humility required for making and defending arguments, for learning how to agree and disagree, and even for knowing when and how to change one’s mind in the pursuit of truth.

Deep learning involves developing not just the logical mind but also the heart, soul, body and imagination. Beginning with a robust line-up of enrichment courses integrated with students’ core studies in Lower School, wonder and delight are kindled and students’ appetite for learning grows as they taste the joy of exploration and discovery.

Cultivating our students’ imagination through both the creation and enjoyment of art, music, literature, poetry and drama deepens their capacity for envisioning the Kingdom of God and for waking up to a world in which all things are being made new in Christ, even in the midst of trial and tragedy.

The following curriculum guide outlines the various course offerings that animate this thrilling, refining and sacred academic vision in the learning spaces across St. David’s School, challenging students to excel in the vital areas of faith, virtue, and knowledge, and revealing the portrait of a St. David’s graduate in each of them.

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Table of Contents Hallmarks of Teaching and Learning at St. David’s School ___________________________________ 4 Lower School Curriculum _________________________________________________________________ 5 Kindergarten __________________________________________________________________________ 6 First Grade ____________________________________________________________________________ 6 Second Grade__________________________________________________________________________ 7 Third Grade ___________________________________________________________________________ 7 Fourth Grade __________________________________________________________________________ 8 Lower School Enrichment Classes _______________________________________________________ 8 Middle School Curriculum _______________________________________________________________ 10 English _______________________________________________________________________________ 12 History _______________________________________________________________________________ 13 Mathematics __________________________________________________________________________ 16 Science _______________________________________________________________________________ 17 Classical Languages ___________________________________________________________________ 18 Modern Languages ____________________________________________________________________ 19 Computer Science & Technology _______________________________________________________ 20 Fine Arts _____________________________________________________________________________ 21 Physical Education ____________________________________________________________________ 24 Upper School Curriculum ________________________________________________________________ 26 Humanities ___________________________________________________________________________ 29 Mathematics __________________________________________________________________________ 33 Science _______________________________________________________________________________ 35 Classical Languages ___________________________________________________________________ 37 Modern Languages ____________________________________________________________________ 39 Computer Science & Technology _______________________________________________________ 41 Fine Arts _____________________________________________________________________________ 43

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Hallmarks of Teaching and Learning at St. David’s School

Each St. David’s student is on a lifelong journey to embrace learning, pursue excellence, persevere through challenges, lead with humility, collaborate generously and seek Christ. This journey begins with a full St. David’s education, combining the right mix of challenging academics, competitive athletics, fine arts programs, character and leadership development, and the opportunity for Christian faith formation.

Inside the classroom, our teaching and learning environment is characterized by six dynamic tensions.

Work and Play Work with purpose: Students expect to be challenged and commit to offering diligent, focused effort on meaningful tasks.

Play with joy: Students at all levels engage in joyful exploration and recreation that inspires both confidence and enthusiasm as they learn.

Receive and Create Receive: Students receive enduring wisdom from their teacher-exemplars and from saints and sages throughout history (with particular emphasis on the Western tradition).

Create: Students learn through generative engagement – making, creating, and innovating original ideas, descriptions, works of art and solutions to problems.

Analyze and Behold Analyze critically: Students develop a keen, analytical mind by dissecting, carefully examining, and synthesizing

information, which involves both zooming in to gain profound understanding, and panning out to identify meaningful connections.

Behold beauty: Students wonder unhurriedly at the beauty present in God’s creation and in human culture, expanding their appreciation for tangible excellence and becoming more curious, affectionate learners.

Contemplate and Investigate Contemplate ideas: Students explore great works that help them to contemplate fundamental human questions and to engage thoughtfully in discourse that grows their moral imagination and begs further, deeper questions.

Investigate concrete problems: Students develop a spirit of inquiry through engagement with the complexity and particularity of real-world problems, learning how to test hypotheses and rigorously validate conclusions.

Speak and Listen Speak skillfully: Students contribute to a rich discourse of perspectives, learn to articulate evidence-based, logical arguments, and communicate ideas clearly, persuasively, and with poise.

Listen carefully: Students grow in the patience, forbearance, and humility required for understanding others’

viewpoints, listening with genuine interest, and discerning when to agree, disagree, or to change one’s mind in pursuit of truth.

Excel and Assess Excel: Students are challenged to continuously push just beyond their current abilities, growing in basic skill development, and stretching themselves toward their best potential along the way.

Assess: Students assess where they truly are on the journey, honor the collective struggle among learners, reflect earnestly upon their progress, welcome constructive feedback, and maintain a growth mindset in the face of challenges.

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Lower School Curriculum

St. David’s Lower School seeks to instill a desire for our students to embrace learning by engaging and challenging them in vital foundational skills. Learning in the homeroom is supplemented by daily enrichment classes in the arts and sciences that complement our core subjects. Students learn to persevere through challenges given our smaller class sizes that allow for optimal differentiation and small group instruction. A focus on our core values within the broad strokes of faith, virtue and knowledge begins in these early years. Our weekly chapel services, along with a daily, integrated virtue curriculum, guide our students to seek Christ authentically while on their Lower School journey.

The Lower School emphasizes core learning in the areas of literacy, mathematics, science, and social studies through engagement with people in societies. Through the study of other cultures, and service projects throughout the year, our students learn ways to lead with humility and support others in the world around us. Our writing curriculum is integrated with reading utilizing a holistic approach to language arts instruction. Each grade level utilizes the OrtonGillingham approach to intentionally use the research from the Science of Reading in our literacy instruction. The mathematics curriculum, based on the Singapore approach, emphasizes critical thinking and problem solving.

Students pursue excellence with clearly defined objectives and targeted instruction appropriate for each grade level, pre-kindergarten through fourth grade. Our knowledge building units in social studies and science are complemented by enrichment classes as well as field trip experiences to extend learning beyond the walls of our classrooms.

Our social studies units cover four main themes from kindergarten through fourth grade: civics and government, geography, economics and history. Each grade level explores these themes in a developmentally appropriate way using robust non-fiction texts for shared reading and hands-on projects. Each year, students will focus on a continent as a part of our International Day program. As we study our continents and a specific country on this continent, we utilize concepts found in the five themes of geography (location, place, human-environment interactions, movement and regions). This language enhances our background knowledge and deepens our understanding. The goal of this research is for students to begin to think critically about people and places in the world by asking questions, such as: How do people use the land (farming, herding, mining, industry)? Why would people leave or move to the country (jobs, family, climate, war)? How is the country similar to any of its neighbors (traditions, language, climate)?

Beginning in pre-kindergarten, Lower School students learn Spanish in an authentic way applied in structured, conversational discourse. Daily physical activity supports our focus on healthy habits of the body, supporting our attention on the whole student, heart, soul, mind, and strength. Students are encouraged to collaborate generously in numerous ways throughout their day.

The Lower School building features bright, engaging classrooms that include the latest in educational technology, including interactive monitors in every Lower School classroom. A community gallery space located in the center of the Lower School building allows for large group gatherings, presentations, and special events.

Throughout the Lower School Curriculum, a combination of tensions creates a dynamic learning experience. Our students work and play through engaging activities as they learn to read, socialize with their classmates, and build skills with robust physical education opportunities. They analyze how letter sounds form words and behold the world and learning that opens up to them when they use these skills in authentic ways at school comparing the English language with Spanish and while enjoying engaging field trip experiences. During science activities, they investigate the world around them and contemplate facts as they collaborate. Students learn when and how to speak during public speaking opportunities in each grade and when to listen through the modeling and example of classroom and enrichment teachers in an atmosphere of respect. Students are encouraged to seek opportunities to excel through healthy academic competitions with authentic praise for a job well done and to assess areas to improve. Virtue formation is an essential aspect of Lower School with weekly Chapel services and coordinated daily classroom devotions where students receive guidance and create individual meaning expressed through Art, Music and STEAM opportunities.

Providing a well-rounded student immersed in knowledge, virtue and faith is an overarching hallmark of St. David’s Lower School.

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Pre-Kindergarten

The pre-kindergarten program instills a love of learning by nurturing and encouraging the development of the whole child. The program supports the development of the child spiritually through daily devotions, prayer, and chapel. It promotes intellectual growth by exposing students to a language-rich environment, problem-solving opportunities, and hands-on activities. Students engage in intentional play-based learning stations around the classroom daily. Social and emotional growth is encouraged with opportunities to learn through role-playing and classroom interaction.

Physical growth is strengthened as students experience fine and gross motor activities in the classroom, on the playground, and through direct instruction during physical education enrichment.

Pre-kindergarten students are excited to learn foundational language arts skills as they are introduced weekly to the Letterland characters and the Heggerty phonemic awareness curriculum. Letterland offers a comprehensive curriculum that integrates knowledge across various subject areas focusing on oral language, phonics, phonemic awareness, print awareness, and alphabetic knowledge. Fine motor skills are further developed through the Handwriting Without Tears program. The pre-kindergarten program content and themes incorporate math, science, social studies, health and safety, art, music and movement activities that are interactive and age-appropriate for our youngest students.

Highlights in pre-kindergarten include Apple Day, Teddy Bear Picnic, and the Letterland Parade. The International Day continent studied throughout the year is Australia.

Kindergarten

St. David’s kindergarten provides children with a strong foundation for future success while creating a secure, nurturing environment. Kindergarten students experience a developmentally appropriate curriculum, integrating different learning styles through academic and hands-on activities as well as utilizing various technology resources.

The kindergarten language arts program is phonics-based, integrated with reading, writing, and literature. Students strengthen phonemic awareness through the Heggerty curriculum and enjoy meeting letter characters and building words though the Letterland program. Kindergarten students develop math skills using manipulative materials, games, and hands-on activities following the Singapore approach. Science and social studies concepts are taught through hands-on units that are relevant, engaging, and fun. Students join friends and teachers from other classes, building community and friendships weekly through exploration during Super Science activities. St. David's kindergarten students can be found singing, dancing, creating, building, and learning together.

Highlights of kindergarten include Wonkamania Day, Super Science Fridays, and buddy activities with our fourthgrade students. Kindergarten looks forward to visiting the Greensboro Science Center each year. The International Day continent studied throughout the year is Asia.

First Grade

In the first grade at St. David’s School, we encourage continued curiosity and wonder about God’s world by providing an environment that fosters a love of learning. Hands-on learning combined with more formal instruction taps into the increased focus and attention span of this age group and enhances their collaboration and engagement.

Letterland and Heggerty curricula continue through first grade with activities that engage students to extend their knowledge of letter-sound correspondences and strategies they need to be successful readers. This combined with our Voyages in Writing curriculum helps students form effective reading habits, and further understand the connection between reading and written expression. The first grade Singapore math curriculum focuses on problem-solving skills using a continuum of concrete, pictorial, and abstract learning allowing students to better understand how numbers relate as they articulate answers. In alignment with the Singapore approach, the standard algorithm is taught during the abstract stage of learning. This model continues from first through fourth grade.

In science, first graders learn to observe, compare, classify, gather data, measure, make predictions, hypothesize, and infer outcomes using a hands-on approach with various resources to enhance knowledge in the areas of plants, animals, weather, forces, and motion. The social studies curriculum helps students become more responsible by 6

learning to be good global citizens. The curriculum also gives students an opportunity to explore their community, town, state, and country. They learn about local, state, and national government and geography through map and globe skills.

Highlights of first grade include the community gingerbread house creation, a poetry presentation, and the Mother’s Day Tea. First Grade travels to Durham to explore the Museum of Life and Science. The International Day continent studied throughout the year is Europe.

Second Grade

Second grade at St. David’s is characterized by opportunities that encourage increased student independence and the continued development of communication skills. Students are guided to increasingly connect learning from the various curricula and thoughtfully navigate interpersonal relationships during collaborative experiences.

Second grade students continue to refine the accuracy and fluency of their oral reading with appropriate intonation and expression. Reading comprehension strategy instruction accelerates in second grade, as students learn to take greater responsibility for monitoring their understanding of texts. Writing instruction with the Voyages in Writing curriculum is focused on the organization of thoughts, planning, drafting, and editing to produce a written product that clearly communicates a main idea. Second grade mathematics builds upon fundamental concepts learned in first grade and continues to use the concrete, pictorial, and abstract continuum to introduce and practice concepts.

Through a spiraling approach, students develop a deeper understanding of numbers and operations and language that helps them articulate understanding of mathematical connections. The use of manipulatives continues to be an integral part of the second grade curriculum, as students connect abstract concepts of place value, regrouping in both addition and subtraction, and comparative values of fractions to develop concrete understanding.

Through individual and cooperative learning assignments, students develop essential skills in life science, earth science, and physical science. Some units explored include habitats, the human body, matter, and the solar system.

Students develop a broader sense of citizenship within a community and examine basic economic principles. In addition to exploring the basic principles of government, second grade students extend their understanding of historical references, and learn to differentiate between events that took place long ago and those that have happened more recently.

Highlights of second grade include the Winter Tea, Charlotte’s Web County Fair, and a trip to the North Carolina Planetarium. The International Day continent studied throughout the year is South America.

Third Grade

Third grade at St. David’s inspires learners to reach their full potential by facilitating independence and building a solid foundation of academic skills, learning strategies, and appropriate behaviors. Students gain confidence in their academic abilities while building interpersonal skills through cooperative tasks.

Throughout this transition year, reading focus shifts from learning-to-read to reading-to-learn. Using a variety of genres, students master strategies to enhance reading fluency, comprehension, and analysis through the Engaged Learning and Letterland curricula. The fundamentals of grammar, mechanics, and sentence structure are further honed and applied through reading responses to novel studies and written products using the Voyages in Writing curriculum. Our math curriculum instructs and emphasizes the concrete, pictorial and abstract continuum leading to a clear understanding of concepts in the areas of numeration, operation and computations, data, probability, geometry, measurement, decimals, fractions, and spatial sense. Multiplication and division are concepts that greatly benefit from our emphasis on math-fact memorization through active engagement.

Third grade scientists develop a love of science by exploring topics of earth and life science through hands-on experiences. Some units include animal classification, extreme weather, plants, life cycles, and forces and motion.

Students work cooperatively using the scientific method to investigate the natural world. A central focus of the social studies curriculum is citizenship and government, with an emphasis on colonial America and the colonists’ quest for 7

independence. Students study the states and capitals, major landmarks, and the branches of national government.

Students showcase their learning on Presidents’ Night after they research, draft a speech, and personify their assigned president or other influential leader in our United States government in a dramatic presentation.

Highlights of third grade include Presidents’ Night and a field trip to Old Salem. The International Day continent studied throughout the year is North America.

Fourth Grade

Fourth grade is the capstone of the Lower School experience at St. David’s School. The curricular expectations reflect the changing nature of the students’ learning style. Faith, virtue, and knowledge further develop through leadership roles and relationships.

The language arts curriculum emphasizes continued development and proficiency in the basic building blocks of reading and writing. Students decode more challenging words and are exposed to more literacy genres to refine reading comprehension, analysis, critical thinking, and listening skills. These competencies are taught utilizing novel studies, oral reading tasks, and current non-fiction resources for a full literature experience, and Orton-Gillingham methodology for detailed word study. Students also deepen their study in our morphology sequence, setting the foundational understanding of prefixes, bases, and suffixes that will be used later in their Latin studies. Utilizing the Voyages in Writing curriculum, students produce various types of products, such as essays, poetry, responses to literature, and narrative compositions. Students are presented with new vocabulary through the context of literature.

In fourth grade, the math curriculum challenges students to think critically to solve more complex math problems.

Through the continued progression of concrete, pictorial, and abstract mathematical representation, students discern, analyze, and articulate an understanding of mathematical processes. Students develop number sense and fluency with algebraic expressions, fractions, decimals, and geometry. Math-fact fluency is learned through active engagement and healthy competition.

Fourth grade science focuses on worldwide ecosystems, the human body, processes that shape the Earth, and structures of living and nonliving things. Students investigate energy, vibrations, sound, and circuits through hands-on lab opportunities. Using the scientific method, students learn to record their observations, and summarize their discoveries in a culminating science research project. Our social studies program focuses on North Carolina’s past, present, and future. Emphasis is placed on geography, economics, and the cultural events which have shaped the state’s history. The use of primary sources, map skills, technology and integration with the literacy and science curricula appeal to the students’ understanding of current and past events. Field trips within the state deliver a handson approach to learning North Carolina history.

Highlights of fourth grade include active participation in the weekly Chapel services, Wax Museum, buddy activities with kindergarteners, and exploring North Carolina with a capstone experience culminating in a trip island hopping in the Outer Banks. The International Day continent studied throughout the year is Africa.

Lower School Enrichment Classes Art: The Lower School visual arts curriculum has been designed to promote continuity from kindergarten through the twelfth grade. Lower School students are introduced to age-appropriate skills, media, tools, and concepts that will be developed and expanded each successive year. The purpose of the visual arts program is to foster an appreciation of fine art, understanding of elements and principles of art, skill in the use of a variety of media, and the joy of the creative process.

Library: The St. David’s Library program promotes the love of reading, provides access to resources in various forms and encourages the members of our school community to become lifelong independent learners. As part of the enrichment rotation, Lower School students learn to discover, evaluate, and apply information and are encouraged to pursue personal interests in pleasure reading through our generous resources.

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Music: The Lower School music program focuses on music making and literacy through singing, moving, listening, playing instruments, and playing games. These classes are filled with students’ voices to develop tuneful singing, a foundational skill for musical independence. While instruments are used to facilitate learning throughout all grades, third and fourth grade students specifically study the recorder. Concerts hone performance abilities at each level, and a musical allows third and fourth grade students to experience a more advanced challenge. Students in first through fourth grades can participate in our extracurricular choirs, Bel Canto and Cantabile. Also, third and fourth grade students may audition for the NC Elementary Honors Chorus.

PE: The Lower School Physical Education program at St. David’s School encourages children to engage in physical activity to develop gross motor skills, hand-eye coordination, sportsmanship, and healthy habits for life. Developing a desire in childhood to engage in athletic activities has been proven to maintain physical fitness throughout life.

Students gain confidence in both individual skills and applying those skills in cooperative and team sport opportunities. Students also experience winning and losing in a healthy, fun environment where we encourage positive responses to both outcomes.

Spanish: Lower School Spanish classes provide our students the opportunity to begin to acquire vocabulary, communication skills, cultural awareness of the Spanish-speaking world, and near-native pronunciation. Beginning in kindergarten and continuing through fourth grade, instruction is based on a communicative approach: we listen, we imitate, and we use the language in an engaging and fun way. In kindergarten and first grade, instruction is delivered through song, rhyme, chants, games, and a multitude of other activities. Students in second, third, and fourth grades receive instruction through the Total Proficiency through Reading and Storytelling (TPRS) method to increase understanding of the spoken word and to enhance oral proficiency.

STEAM: Through the exploration and integration of Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math (STEAM), students draw connections between the subjects and use engineering design and scientific processes to question, investigate, analyze, and report on the world around them. Utilizing hands-on projects, including coding, robotics and design challenges, STEAM concepts are taught across all the Lower School grades, enriching and strengthening the core curriculum.

Academic Support Program

The Academic Support Program (ASP) is designed to provide additional support to students in pre-kindergarten through fourth grade. This program requires a professional diagnosis from a speech therapist, occupational therapist, or licensed psychologist. All students enrolled in ASP will receive individual support from a learning specialist twice a week. Our program is curriculum-driven and designed to reinforce classroom content and instruction. It aims to develop the students’ executive functioning skills through targeted intervention strategies tailored to each student’s learning profile. Our learning specialist will work with the classroom teacher to determine an appropriate time for the student to receive services during the school day. There is an additional fee associated with this program.

For further information regarding enrollment in the program, please contact the Academic Support Program office.

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Middle School Curriculum

Students in St. David’s Middle School are shepherded through this critical developmental period with love, honor, and grace. As they enter the Middle School, students are greeted with a caring faculty who seek to foster growth and responsibility in a challenging and nurturing academic environment. Our Middle School faculty love to teach early adolescents because they bring to the classroom a wealth of curiosity and enthusiasm. The team strategically utilizes the unique strengths of Middle School students to reinforce a connection to, and a love for, learning through both work and play. Students are gradually given increased independence as they demonstrate increased responsibility. By the time they complete eighth grade, students are fully prepared to embrace the wealth of opportunities that await them in Upper School.

Middle School students are encouraged to seek Christ through weekly chapel services, Advisory lessons, and optional Bible studies. Students are given the skills to persevere through challenges with course curricula that pushes them to grow academically and Advisory lessons that allow them to grow socially and spiritually. Faculty in the Middle School develop students that embrace learning with interdisciplinary lessons that connect content between courses. Students are challenged to grow interpersonally as they work in groups to analyze great works of literature, create computer code to operate robots, and propose innovative solutions to problems in the community. Through the annual declamation contest, student council, and chapel participation, Middle School students learn to lead with humility as they pursue excellence both inside and outside the classroom. St. David’s Middle School is a community of support as students develop into young men and women prepared to pursue excellence at the Upper School level.

Fifth Grade

Fifth grade at St. David’s School is a transition year when students develop the skills to become more independent.

Teachers scaffold their support throughout the year as students learn to transition between classes, manage multiple teachers’ expectations, and learn to collaborate generously. The year is built with milestones of celebrated success as students meet the increased expectations of Middle School. Students take seven classes, including PE, Fine Arts and Via Latina, an introductory classical language course. Advisory lessons focus on developing executive functioning skills so that students develop habits of organization and categorization that will help them to be successful throughout the remainder of their schooling.

Highlights of the fifth grade include Shark Tank, bowling and IMAX field trips, and Medieval Days.

Sixth Grade

Students in the sixth grade at St. David’s School enjoy the opportunity to further investigate the world in a supportive environment. Teachers help students continue to develop their study skills by increasing expectations around organization. Students work together during a fall overnight field trip to build a collaborative community. Advisory lessons focus on social and spiritual development. Students take seven classes, including PE and Fine Arts. They may begin their study of a modern language, continue their study of Latin, or learn the language of computer programming. These foundational courses prepare students for success in all their courses, both language and otherwise.

Highlights of the sixth grade include the fall overnight trip and the Global Innovations fair.

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Seventh Grade

Seventh grade students learn how to navigate more challenging courses. Students develop the skills to conduct research and build an argument. They work together in groups on multiday projects. Interdisciplinary lessons connect skills learned in English and Math to Bible and Earth Science. Students’ written and oral communication skills are a focus throughout the school year. Advisory lessons focus on developing a sense of community and thinking beyond oneself.

Beginning in seventh grade, students have the additional choice of an elective course. A wide range of courses provide students with the opportunity to pursue their strengths and passions each semester. Courses include such options as History of Sports, Newspaper, Shakespeare, and Lego Robotics.

Highlights of the seventh grade year include the fall overnight and quarry field trips.

Eighth Grade

Eighth grade students experience increased independence and leadership expectations as they prepare for the Upper School. Students serve in a range of leadership roles through student council and clubs. They assist in planning extracurricular events, such as the annual field day and the 7th & 8th grade dances. The Humanities sequence begins in eighth grade as students learn English and History concepts together in The American Experience. Students in eighth grade have opportunities to join the Upper School for many different events throughout the school year.

The eighth grade year culminates in a multi-night, out-of-state trip to visit historical sites in Charleston, SC that brings the Humanities curriculum to life.

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English

In the English department, students develop a love of literature through both work and play. They work through the writing process, but play games and collaborate to further develop their ideas. Students receive different viewpoints while also creating products that demonstrate their own ideas. Through the use of primary sources, students analyze others’ ideas and behold the beauty depicted through their writing. Students contemplate how the Bible relates to modern literature, investigating connections to the past through research. In English class, students speak to share their ideas while also learning to listen to others' ideas through both small and whole group discussions. St. David’s students excel when developing writing skills and self-assess their progress through reflection, partner work, and teacher feedback. English courses are a journey through the past as students consider the future.

English-5: English-5 is a course designed to prepare students to become analytical and critical thinkers as they study various genres of literature. An emphasis on literary elements, as well as oral and written expression, is incorporated into this course. An expansive class library is available to enrich and encourage students as they cultivate their tastes and an appreciation for the gift of reading. By the end of the year, students should have a solid foundation as readers, writers, and thinkers.

English-6: English-6 inspires each student to embrace and develop the valuable skills of being a curious learner, an intentional reader, a developing writer, and an eloquent communicator in both oral and written expression. Students increase their knowledge, appreciation, and analysis of excellent literature, advance their grammar and writing skills through consistent practice, and expand their working vocabulary. They strengthen their critical thinking skills by delving deeper into the elements of fiction, including character, setting, plot, conflict, theme, and symbolism. Throughout the year, students will answer five essential questions as they examine each text: What makes a person feel like he/she belongs? Who is a true friend, and how will I know? How does trust develop? What is redemption and how are people redeemed? What truths about God can we learn from each text?

English-7: English 7 is a literature, grammar, and writing course, focusing on the development of reading comprehension, vocabulary acquisition, grammar skills, written expression, and critical analysis of the text. Particular attention is given to developing the habit of critical thinking by delving deeper into the elements of fiction including character, setting, plot, conflict, and theme. Students are given the opportunity to develop their own thoughts about the literature through intentional class discussions and their own writing. By the end of the year, through their introduction to great literature, students will gain a greater awareness of the community and world, developing empathy for those around them. They will also learn to form a sound argument supported by formal discussions and academic research.

Humanities-8: The American Experience: Eighth grade Humanities unites traditional American literature and American history into a rich exploration of the American experience. The course is rooted in primary texts which serve as the entry point for a deep and careful investigation of the history and culture that inform our answers to fundamental questions: What does it mean to be an American? What constitutes good citizenship? What is the American dream? How has the tension between liberty and equality shaped the story of America? The course is collaboratively implemented in the eighth grade English and History classes.

Newspaper Journalism: In Newspaper Journalism, students will write news stories, feature articles, editorials, columns, and reviews to produce a digital format for the St. David’s newspaper. Students will have the opportunity to showcase their journalism skills and share your work with the St. David’s community. (Semester elective)

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Poetry: In Poetry, students will read a variety of poems from different authors throughout history. They will compare the different types of poetry, as well as the writing process. Students will work on composing their own poems in a variety of styles throughout the year. (Semester elective) Shakespeare 101: Shakespeare 101 provides an engaging introduction to the world of William Shakespeare, guiding students on a journey from his birthplace in Stratford-upon-Avon to the iconic Globe Theatre in London. Through a close reading of his cherished plays, learners will explore the text and its rich literary, theatrical, and historical contexts. Through this reading, students will be equipped with essential literary analysis tools that foster an understanding and appreciation of Shakespeare's works. They will experience their first exposure to Shakespeare through lively discussions, interactive dramatic readings, and the memorization of their inaugural Shakespearean lines. (Semester elective) Write Right: In our modern age of technology, faster forms of communication often replace formal writing. Yet, writing is an essential skill that a person will use throughout his or her lifetime. This course will explore the different types of writing as well as the formal writing process. Students will learn to construct sentences in a variety of ways, to write well-developed paragraphs and stories, and to proficiently edit assignments, while sharpening their grammar skills.

(Semester elective) Writing Studio: Students in Writing Studio will have the opportunity to write stories. Throughout this course, students analyze famous literary works by discussing setting, character development, word choice, and tone. Students map outlines of their own stories, dig deep into character analysis, and follow their individual story arcs to create novellas. Ultimately, students will discover the power of the written word as they share their work with peers. (Semester elective)

History

In the department of History, students learn to analyze maps and data through both primary and secondary sources, while also developing an appreciation of the accomplishments of people throughout history. Students both receive information about the past and create connections with the present. Students contemplate big questions while they investigate the writings of those who have come before. Students learn to speak through debates, seminars and class discussions, while also developing the skill of listening to learn. Students excel with written work and assess their progress through peer reviews. Class time is spent working to develop skills through play and learning games.

Through these intentional steps, St. David’s students learn from the past as they prepare for their future.

Global History-5: Global History-5 is the first in a two-year study of global history and world cultures in which students explore the broad chronology and geographical setting of major events in human history, hear rich stories of great lives and works, explore overarching historical themes, systems and patterns, and study examples of how different big events influence each other across time. Students build historical thinking skills, study and interpret primary and secondary sources, learn to develop and articulate sound arguments, explore and brainstorm solutions to modern global challenges, and hone skills of map reading and cartography. Global History-5 focuses on the history of western civilization, the Americas, Europe and Oceania.

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Global History-6: Global History-6 is the second in a two-year study of global history and world cultures in which students explore the broad chronology and geographical setting of major events in human history, hear rich stories of great lives and works, explore overarching historical themes, systems and patterns, and study examples of how different big events influence each other across time. Students build historical thinking skills, study and interpret primary and secondary sources, learn to develop and articulate sound arguments, and explore and brainstorm solutions to modern global challenges. To assess learning and build skills, research projects require students to answer a driving question with presentations modeled after real-world careers. Global History-6 focuses on the history, geography, cultures and religions of Asia and Africa.

Bible Survey-7: Bible Survey at St. David's School is designed to give students an introduction to the Bible by providing them an overview of a variety of topics that include a history of the canon and Ancient Near East geography and history. The primary aim of this course, however, is to introduce students to the content of the Bible. Students will read a variety of texts from the Old and New Testaments, as well as explore major themes, characters and theology that span the Biblical canon.

Humanities-8: The American Experience: Eighth grade humanities unites traditional American literature and American history into a rich exploration of the American experience. The course is rooted in primary texts which serve as the entry point for a deep and careful investigation of the history and culture that inform our answers to fundamental questions: What does it mean to be an American? What constitutes good citizenship? What is the American dream? How has the tension between liberty and equality shaped the story of America? The course is collaboratively implemented in the eighth grade English and History classes.

Seven Habits of Highly Effective Teens: Students in Seven Habits of Highly Effective Teens will work towards developing healthy habits that can lead to success in life. Students will utilize the book and companion workbook of The 7 Habits Of Highly Effective Teens, by Sean Covey. Students will learn and practice each of the seven habits: be proactive, begin with the end in mind, put first things first, think win-win, seek first to understand then to be understood, synergize, and sharpen the saw. (Semester elective) Biblical Leadership: In Biblical Leadership, students will have the opportunity to study the Bible to explore the characteristics and guidelines of leadership that apply to them, particularly as young women and men of God. Topics of study include but are not limited to: God’s calling and plan for our lives, the character traits of a leader, and servant leadership. Using Biblical and extra-biblical texts, students will gain a better understanding of the scriptural model of leadership and how it affects our lives. Students will have opportunities to develop their leadership skills in various settings. (Semester elective) History of Sports: Students in History of Sports will study the history of sports from the ancient Olympics of Greece to the Pickleball courts of Raleigh. Students will learn about the many forms of competition over the years, including the origination of different sports, how to play the games, and how to keep score. There will be ample opportunity to learn and participate with hands-on activities. (Semester elective)

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The American Revolution: In this course, students will explore early American history across the North Carolina frontier. Students will study indigenous civilizations, pirate activity, colonial life, and Revolutionary War heroes. History will come to life as students examine primary sources, artifacts, and material culture from the time period. As they participate in discussions and engage in critical analyses, students will develop a deeper understanding of how the Revolutionary War laid the foundation for the United States and influenced global movements for liberty and justice. (Semester elective) US Civil War: What led to the bloodiest war in United States history? How did this war shatter our nation, and how do we still feel its effects today? During our time in this elective, students will explore decisions that led to war, important battles, and life for ordinary citizens at home. As we read through primary sources, students will analyze different viewpoints of people on both sides of the conflict. Students will have many opportunities to examine real artifacts and replicas, as well as participate in simulation experiences and model building. Throughout the term, we will also read and discuss eyewitness accounts from The Boy’s War: Confederate and Union Soldiers Talk About the Civil War. (Semester Elective) The American Revolution and US Civil War are offered every other year, in alternation with the World War I and World War II electives.

Tactics & Trenches: Exploring World War I: Throughout this course, students will be guided through the turbulent events of World War I, also known as “The Great War.” Students will examine changes in national, political, and social ideologies that led to global conflict.

Themes will include emerging technologies, battlefield tactics, and America’s involvement in the war. During the course, students will be able to examine real artifacts and build detailed vehicle models. Students will also read and discuss Michael Morpurgo’s book, War Horse. (Semester Elective) Their Finest Hour: A Journey Through World War II: This elective course will give students a detailed look at the greatest conflict of the 20th century, World War II. Students will study the major causes and the implications of the war. They will explore themes such as battlefield strategy, life on the home front, women in war, and postwar issues. Students will examine primary sources to view first-hand perspectives from each theater. They will also have opportunities to examine real artifacts and assemble vehicle models. In addition, we will read and discuss Laura Hillebrand‘s book Unbroken: An Olympian’s Journey from Airman to Castaway to Captive (YA adaptation). The course will conclude with a field trip to the Airborne & Special Operations Museum in Fayetteville, NC. (Semester Elective) The World War I and World War II courses are offered every other year, in alternation with The American Revolution and US Civil War electives.

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Mathematics

In the math department, students work on learning math facts by playing games and solving puzzles. Students receive clear instruction and example problems that require them to create unique solutions that apply their knowledge.

Students are encouraged to excel through challenging problems that provide an opportunity to assess their complete understanding of abstract concepts. Through collaboration and partner work, students communicate in the language of math by both speaking with the vocabulary and listening to learn from each other. Investigations are a part of the St. David’s math experience, challenging students to contemplate mathematical constructions as they work to better understand the world. In math class, students can behold the beauty of God’s order in creation, while also analyzing the complex nature of mathematical patterns.

Mathematics-5: In Mathematics-5, students will focus on vocabulary, problem solving, reasoning, and review. Instruction will include a step-by-step approach to the development of math concepts and skills, as well as the use of cooperative learning, board work, teacher demonstrations, note-taking, and class recitation. Students will use the four fundamental operations of math (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) with whole numbers, decimals, and fractions.

Geometry, measurement, data, probability, number theory, and ratios will be reinforced and developed throughout the year. The concepts of variables, inverse operations, integers, percentages, and the coordinate plane will be introduced.

Mathematics 5/6: In Mathematics-5/6, students will be challenged to apply math knowledge in new ways as they use the four fundamental operations of math (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) with whole numbers, decimals, fractions, and integers. Instruction will include review, vocabulary usage, teacher demonstrations, and a step-by-step approach to the development of math concepts and skills. Geometry, ratios, number theory, probability, data, and measurement will be reinforced and developed. Algebraic concepts and terminology will be introduced with the application of the order of operations, exponents, variables, algebraic expressions, inverse operations, ordered pairs and percentages.

Mathematics-6: Mathematics-6 challenges students to use their math knowledge in new ways as they apply the four fundamental operations of mathematics using whole numbers, rational numbers, and integers. Basic skills of geometry, ratios, graphs, charts, number theory, and problem solving are further developed. Algebraic concepts and terminology are related to the use of the order of operations, exponents, variables, inverse operations, ordered pairs, proportions, ratios, and percentages, as well as expressions and equations.

Pre-Algebra-6 and Pre-Algebra-7: Pre-Algebra provides the opportunity to learn and enjoy math by applying previously learned knowledge in multiple ways. The realm of numbers, variables, square roots, inequalities, multiples, algebraic expressions, and other fantastic concepts are waiting to be discovered. Students will explore exponents, scientific notation, formulas, factor trees, geometric designs, coordinate planes, monomials, and much, much more. The process of solving equations enables students to gain a better understanding of the relationships of the four basic operations using integers and rational numbers. Word problems, percentages, proportions, ratios, number theory, and the properties of mathematics are also key elements of this course.

Foundations for Algebra I-8: The purpose of this course is to provide a bridge between Pre-Algebra and Algebra I. Students will be provided an opportunity to achieve mastery in Pre-Algebra skills such as fractions, integer operations, order of operations and basic variable equations. Students will also begin to work on Algebra I topics such as solving variable equations, linear equations and inequalities, and graphing linear equations and inequalities. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course.

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Algebra I-7 and Algebra I-8: Algebra is a means of mathematical representation and algebraic methods provide numerous problem-solving tools.

The course is designed to move from the hands-on focus of Pre-Algebra into a greater emphasis on abstraction and conceptual understanding. This course will explore the language of algebra in verbal, graphical and symbolic forms while modeling patterns and relationships with variables and functions. Linear relationships, systems of equations and inequalities, polynomial operations, and an introduction to radicals and quadratics are highlights of the course.

Note: A TI-83 Plus or TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required. Prerequisite: Pre-Algebra Geometry-8: Geometry moves from inductive to deductive reasoning to produce logical proofs. A basic understanding of undefined terms, properties, postulates, and theorems is developed and applied to two- and three-dimensional figures.

Algebraic skills involving lines, graphs, equations, formulas, radicals, and trigonometry are reinforced. Hands-on explorations and activities enhance the visual and spatial nature of the course while connecting the intrinsic concepts of Euclidean Geometry. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required. Prerequisite: Algebra I

Science

From paper roller coasters, to solar houses, to atomic models, St. David’s students create new constructions in science. They receive information through both work and play. As they build and design, they learn to behold the majesty of creation. Students analyze how the living world works in tandem with the non-living world. Students contemplate forces that exist in the abstract through concrete investigations of their own construction. As students excel in science, they also assess their learning through teamwork activities. At the culmination of their learning, students share their knowledge through presentations and learn to listen to the findings of others to further their own understanding.

General Science-5: Students engage in an exciting, activities-based curriculum that introduces topics in life, Earth, and physical sciences.

Relationships between the disciplines being studied and real-life applications are stressed as students develop their observation, documentation, and laboratory skills. Students learn the basics of coding through robotics challenges.

They also learn engineering concepts as they construct different structures and investigate forces and motion. The course includes a unit on Innovation & Design that culminates in the annual Shark Tank event.

Life Science-6: Life Science is a course designed to equip students to explore basic biological concepts through classroom discussions and interactive study of taxonomy, cells, genetics, plants, and the human body. An emphasis is placed on developing the student’s science vocabulary and improving scientific method skills, including: observing, inferring and formulating a hypothesis.

Earth Science-7: Earth Science is a study of the Earth, how it works and the interaction between its living and nonliving things. The course will touch on many different areas of science including geography, astronomy, geology, meteorology and oceanography. Students will explore the outdoors and investigate human interactions with the environment. This course also serves to help students become more developed scientific researchers and writers.

Physical Science-8: Physical science introduces students to the disciplines of chemistry and physics. The course is intended to foster an interest and appreciation for science, as well as prepare students for more rigorous science courses in the Upper School. Lab work and other hands-on activities constitute a large component of the class, and students will work routinely both alone and in groups to establish various scientific principles in chemistry and physics.

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Forensic Science: In Forensic Science, students will learn observation skills, investigative processes, types of evidence, how to search and photograph a crime scene, evidence collection, and more! They will complete projects on the many careers that involve forensics and research famous case studies. Students will analyze evidence, build a new case to present findings, and then argue for or against the verdict. At the end of the semester, we will visit an escape room to put our knowledge to the test. (Semester elective)

Classical Languages

The study of classical languages allows students to break apart words, phrases and sentences to analyze meaning, while also beholding the beauty and style of Roman and Greek classical works. Students contemplate the western tradition by investigating the meanings of complex texts written in Latin or Greek. Students learn the basics of spoken Latin or Greek by listening to the words of ancient texts. Students create their own written works as they apply their language learning to contemporary society. Students in classical language courses compete in challenges and competitions that breathe new energy into the study of language. Students act out scenes from ancient stories. The classical language department brings the languages of the past to life.

Via Latina: Via Latina (“the Latin way”) is a course for fifth grade students which offers a lively introduction to the fundamentals of vocabulary, grammar, and syntax through the Latin language and its literature. It is designed to familiarize students with the common features and terminology of language study. These include the parts of speech, parsing of words, diagramming of sentences, recognition of word derivations, and identification of rhetorical devices. It also cultivates an acquaintance with and appreciation of classical culture and literature. This course will prepare students not only to continue with Latin I, should they choose, but also to flourish in other language courses.

Latin I: Latin I provides an academically rigorous introduction to the Latin language and Roman culture. Students begin to develop fluency in Latin by memorizing vocabulary and grammatical forms, translating and composing sentences, and occasionally reading short stories in the target language. An appreciation of Latin as it influences modern English, as well as Roman culture as it relates to the world of the Bible, is developed and deepened.

Latin II: Latin II builds upon the foundation of the previous year with the ever-present goal of understanding authentic Latin.

Students continue to master the basics of Latin by expanding their vocabulary and grammatical knowledge, translating and composing sentences of greater complexity, and reading longer passages adapted from Roman authors. Cultural topics, such as Greek and Roman history, society, and mythology, feature prominently as students begin to interpret the texts they translate. Prerequisite: Latin I. Latin III: Latin III completes the introduction to Latin grammar and prepares students to translate and interpret authentic texts from Roman authors in Latin IV. Students continue to gain experience and fluency in the language by applying their vocabulary and grammatical knowledge to passages of extended length, complexity, and nuance. Students are also introduced to the rhetorical and literary devices used by ancient authors. Prerequisite: Latin II

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Modern Languages

Students in modern language courses receive comprehensible input in the target language, while creating tasks that integrate the language into their personal experiences. Students speak the language in whole group and small group settings, learning to listen to their peers to develop their understanding of language. Modern language learners complete challenging tasks while also roleplaying and acting out scenes. While the approach in courses is designed to communicate in nature, there are opportunities to analyze language and behold the beauty of spoken language.

Students investigate language through open-ended activities and contemplate the meaning of authentic documents written in the target language. The courses offered through the department of modern languages are aligned with the Proficiency Guidelines and World-Readiness Standards specified by the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL).

French 1A: French IA is the first course in a two-year sequence, in which students progress toward a Novice High level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. This course introduces students to the French language as well as to the cultures and geographies of France and the French-speaking world. Students at this level pursue French language proficiency by carrying out interpretive, interpersonal, and presentational forms of communication in the present tense. Through engagement with authentic materials appropriate to their level, students communicate simple facts and memorized phrases related to everyday life.

French 1B: French IB is the second course in a two-year sequence, in which students continue toward a Novice High level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. This course, which reinforces the foundational linguistic functions introduced in level IA, deepens students’ understanding of France and the French-speaking world. By pursuing the three modes of communication, students engage in simple conversations, derive meaning from authentic texts, and demonstrate awareness of some cultural differences. As the year progresses, classroom instruction and interaction are increasingly conducted in French. Pre-requisite: French IA. French II: In French II, students advance toward an Intermediate Low level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. Through engagement with authentic materials, students expand their knowledge of the French-speaking world, using the language to investigate and reflect on cultural differences. Students at this level pursue French language proficiency by seeking to understand, interpret, interact, and share information in the target language. More emphasis is placed on accuracy as students learn to summarize, recount experiences, and reminisce. Much of the classroom instruction and interaction is conducted in French. Pre-requisite: French IA and IB or French I. Spanish 1A: Spanish IA is the first course in a two-year sequence, in which students progress toward a Novice High level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. This course introduces students to the Spanish language as well as to the cultures and geographies of the Spanish-speaking world. Students at this level pursue Spanish language proficiency by carrying out interpretive, interpersonal, and presentational forms of communication in the present tense. Through engagement with authentic materials appropriate to their level, students communicate simple facts and memorized phrases related to everyday life.

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Spanish 1B: Spanish IB is the second course in a two-year sequence, in which students continue toward a Novice High level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. This course, which reinforces the foundational linguistic functions introduced in level IA, deepens students’ understanding of the Spanish-speaking world. By pursuing the three modes of communication, students engage in simple conversations, derive meaning from authentic texts, and demonstrate awareness of some cultural differences. As the year progresses, classroom instruction and interaction are increasingly conducted in Spanish. Pre-requisite: Spanish IA. Spanish II: In Spanish II, students advance toward an Intermediate Low level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. Through engagement with authentic materials, students expand their knowledge of the Spanish-speaking world, using the language to investigate and reflect on cultural differences. Students at this level pursue Spanish language proficiency by seeking to understand, interpret, interact, and share information in the target language. More emphasis is placed on accuracy as students learn to summarize, recount experiences, and reminisce. Much of the classroom instruction and interaction is conducted in Spanish. Pre-requisite: Spanish IA and IB or Spanish I.

Computer Science & Technology

In the computer science and technology department, students work to develop solutions to problems through play and experimentation. They receive instructions on how to approach a problem to which they can create a solution.

Through active interaction utilizing technology, students analyze processes while beholding the beauty of mathematical relationships. Students contemplate proposed solutions and investigate to identify where adjustments are needed. In computer science and technology courses, students work together to speak their viewpoints and listen to consider revisions to their own logic. Students excel in constructing solutions and assessing their own progress as learners in a world integrated with technology.

Computer Science Discoveries: Computer Science Discoveries is an introductory course that empowers students to engage with computer science as a medium for creativity, communication, problem solving and fun! Students will learn the basics of web development, making interactive animations, how to use the design process, physical computing, and more. For 6th grade students as a year-long course.

Elements of Engineering: Elements of Engineering is a project-based course that will offer students exposure to a range of engineering disciplines. This includes projects in mechanical and electrical engineering, environmental engineering, construction, and civil engineering. Students will collaborate in groups and gain hands-on experience with common power tools.

(Semester Elective) Elements of Technology: In Elements of Technology, students will explore various topics in technology. This includes an introduction to problem solving, computer programming, basic circuitry with breadboards, 3D printing, and robotics with LEGO blocks. Learning will be assessed through team-based projects. (Semester Elective) Microsoft Literacy Students in Microsoft Literacy will learn the ins and outs of how to use the Microsoft 365 suite, including Word, OneDrive, Excel, Outlook, Teams, and more. Students will actively work on their laptops to learn how to write a paper, save it correctly, and submit it. They’ll learn how to update formatting and how to use a spreadsheet. Students will also utilize class time to practice their typing skills. This course is a must for any student who is new to computing. (Semester Elective) 20

Fine Arts

All Middle School students at St. David’s enjoy the Fine Arts curriculum, through participation in band, choir, theatre arts, or visual arts. Students may also select from arts electives to further explore the field of Fine Arts. Students in Fine Arts learn mastery of the fundamentals of each art form: theory, history, vocabulary, and performance. In each class, students play with the tools of the arts to create, improvise, interpret, and bring the works to life. Students receive information about important artists of the past in order to create their own works of art. Each field requires students to analyze the master works of the art form and behold the beauty represented within each one. Students contemplate how art serves as an expression of the human experience, pushing the beholder to investigate the meaning of the work. Students learn techniques to communicate with one another, speaking and listening to communicate how the art influences then. Students learn to excel through practice and assess their progress through regular communication with their teacher. Fine Arts education is an integral part of guiding our students to grow into our portrait of a graduate.

Band-5: Band-5 is for fifth grade students who want to begin the wonderful journey of instrumental music through learning how to play a band instrument. Students will choose between flute, clarinet, trumpet, trombone or percussion. They will begin by learning assembly, posture, breath control, forming an embouchure and finally tone production. There are generally two concerts per year. This class is to prepare students for entry into Band-6 (Intermediate Band).

Band-6: Band-6, or Intermediate Band, is for sixth grade students who are second year players. Beginning concepts such as posture, breathing, and tone will be the initial focus, and intonation and balance will become major components. The players transition from primarily focusing on their own playing ability to playing in the context of a group. Five to eight scales will be learned and memorized, including the chromatic scale. Music will be selected from the method book and on par with the NC graded list, levels 1-2. The purpose of this class is to prepare students for entrance into Concert Band.

Concert Band: The Concert Band is open to students in the seventh and eighth grades who have successfully completed Band-6.

Students work to achieve a more mature tone, precise intonation, range expansion, phrasing, musical interpretation, and expression. More advanced skills in harmony and musical theory are also covered. Regular individual playing tests and quizzes are given for evaluation. The Concert Band performs at the St. David’s Christmas Concert, Celebration of the Arts, the Spring Concert, as well as other campus events. In addition, the Concert Band embarks on an overnight trip to an adjudicated festival each spring. Selected players are also eligible to audition for NC State Honor Band.

Prerequisite: Successful completion of Band-6 or director’s approval.

Choir-5: Students in Choir-5 will continue to build on fundamental music theory skills gained from previous years of rich choral singing and classroom music in Lower School. This course will enable students to build self confidence in choral singing as they develop and deepen their skills in vocal production, choral techniques, reading and interpretation of choral scores and performance etiquette. Students will enjoy learning and performing music drawn from various musical time periods, and musical genres: classical styles, folk music, world music, pop, and jazz.

Independent singing and personal musicianship will be emphasized as students continue to make progress in singing two- and three-part harmonies in a warm and nurturing environment with their peers. The fifth grade choir will perform for chapel services, as well as seasonal concerts on campus, with the added possibility of a spring competition in Williamsburg. Selected singers are also eligible to audition for NC State Honor Chorus.

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Choir-6: Students will enjoy the camaraderie of being with friends in a warm environment, as together they learn and perform music drawn from various time periods and musical genres: classical styles, folk music, world music, pop, and jazz. Students will grow in personal musicianship and independent singing as they apply a growing base of musical knowledge to singing in two- and three-part harmonies that contain more complex and interesting rhythms and meters. This course will also provide enjoyable ways of learning and deepening fundamental skills in vocal production, choral techniques, reading and interpretation of choral scores, and performance etiquette. The sixth grade chorus will perform for chapel services, as well as seasonal concerts on campus, with the added possibility of a spring competition in Williamsburg. Selected singers are also eligible to audition for NC State Honor Chorus.

Choir 7/8: Choir 7/8 students will sing a variety of literature in three- and four-part harmony and will develop a solid working knowledge of the musical score. Sight reading and ear training will be a daily routine along with learning basic vocal pedagogy. Singers in the choir go on an overnight spring competition trip to an adjudicated festival. Selected singers from the choir are also eligible to audition for the NC State Honor Chorus.

Theater Arts-5: In Theater Arts-5, students will be introduced to the basic concepts of theater. Students will use various creative drama techniques to build confidence and trust, stimulate imagination, movement, and role-play. Through theater exercises and activities, students will learn to lose inhibitions and gain trust in themselves as well as others in their groups. Students will learn and use drama and theater vocabulary in class discussions and the activities will specifically address the promotion and reinforcement of students’ literacy skills. Students will exhibit and reinforce their skills through individual and group presentations, performances, and script writing.

Theater Arts-6: In Theater Arts-6, students will continue their study of the basic acting concepts and begin to refine their presentational skills. Students will use various creative drama techniques to build an ensemble, stimulate imagination, movement and role-play with an emphasis on believability and sensory awareness. Students will use observation and emotional memory to reveal thoughts and feelings and to build believable characters and situations. Students will learn and use drama and theatre vocabulary in class discussions and the activities will address the promotion and reinforcement of students’ literacy skills. Students will exhibit and reinforce their skills through individual and group presentations, performances, and script writing.

Theater Arts 7/8: In Theater Arts 7/8, students will continue the study of acting concepts, refining skill in dramatic and comedic arts, beginning stage combat, set design lighting, and the many aspects of presenting a musical or play. Students learn ensemble and communication skills while they hone their acting technique. Groups of students will work together to refine scenes for the overall reinforcement of the group.

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Art-5: This course is structured to follow the history of art for subject matter, beginning with the prehistoric age and continuing with examples of the art and architecture of many cultures, geographic locations, genres and world events.

As the students broaden their understanding and knowledge of each type of art, they will create their own artwork which reflects the period, as well as using similar materials and techniques as the artists of that time. Having sketchbook assignments to practice and plan will begin in this course. As with all Middle School Art Courses, there will be equal emphasis on the Message of Art and the Making of Art. Fifth graders will learn that much of what we know about the people of the past can be learned from the art of that time: what they valued and what affected them.

Along with Art History, there will be many opportunities for pointing to our Creator God and how His story is made known through art. The foundation of the Elements of Art and Principles of Design will continue to be the foundation for students’ success in the art class.

Art-6: Students in Art-6 will be introduced to new techniques including printmaking, sculpture, practice in watercolor, tempera, acrylic painting and simple grid drawing. They will regularly utilize their sketchbook time to keep a visual journal, plan and practice, and realize mistakes are opportunities to persevere, be creative, inventive and positive.

Through the process of drawing from observation, students will learn to trust what they see, and use skills such as linear perspective, shadow and shading to draw realistically and find beauty and order in the world God has created.

Projects will be introduced with the goal of expressing a message and maintaining the objective of using their best skills in the “making” of their art. Whenever possible, subjects for their art will align with other areas of study in the 6th grade curriculum.

Art-7: In Art-7, students will refine skills that have been introduced in previous years. With the continued focus on the Message of Art and the Making of Art, students will learn that art is a form of communication. There will be opportunities for students to participate in the critique of well-known art, their own art and that of classmates, to determine what message the artist may be expressing and how they have used the Elements of Art and the Principles of Design to project that message. Art-7 students will learn methods to draw people with correct proportion and placement of features, showing motion and foreshortening. Students will create a plaster sculpture of a figure in motion. Block printmaking will be more advanced in Art-7 by using the tools and process to create multi-color prints.

Art using letters and numbers will introduce students to Graphic Arts. One-point perspective will be practiced showing depth, distance and space. Clay work will include the techniques of joining, slab, pinch pots and use of molds. Many types of drawing tools will be used in sketching and finished drawings. Watercolor, acrylic, and tempera paint and each of their unique properties are explored. Each project has the objective of learning how to grow in skill to best reflect the wonder of the world God created.

Art-8: The Art-8 curriculum closely follows the Humanities-8 classes with the goal of expanding the study of the American Experience. Many well-known American artists and genres of art will be the inspiration for each unit and project.

Students will be in the unique position of grasping the message intended by an artist and will be challenged to express themselves in a skillful and thoughtful way in the making of their art. Students will be given many opportunities to think and express themselves creatively within the parameters set forth in the rubric of each activity. In Art-8, students will be prepared with the skills and knowledge they will need for this course, as well as what they will be expected to know as they continue their studies in Upper School. Emphasis will be placed on using the Principles of Design for success in all genres and mediums of art. As students continue to build on all the skills and techniques learned previously, Art-8 will encourage originality. In a world of artificial intelligence, easy access to all information and visual content, an artist shows originality and makes God known.

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Beginning Guitar: The Beginning Guitar course is designed to introduce the novice player to the acoustical classical guitar. The student will learn basic music notation and apply that knowledge to the instrument. Concepts that will be covered include: how to tune the instrument, fingering charts, basic chords, tablature and traditional score writing, fingering styles, accompaniment versus melody and chordal progressions. Each student will need to provide his/her own acoustic sixstring guitar (nylon string is preferable). (Semester elective) Media Production: Photography In the Media Production: Photography course, students will learn various skills associated with the art of digital photography. Instruction will include lessons with lighting, computer editing, graphics, digital imaging, and more.

Students will work to produce art work that may even be used for production pieces such as the yearbook, newspaper, or magazine. (Semester elective) Media Production: Videography In the Media Production: Videography course, students will learn various skills associated with the process of video production. Instruction will include lessons with technologies such as sound equipment, lighting, computer editing, graphics and more. Students will complete hands-on activities to obtain skills in production techniques and may have the opportunity to produce video that could be used at assemblies or other division-wide gatherings. (Semester elective) Piano: Piano class is designed for any student who has a desire to play piano, regardless of their current piano skills. Students with little to no piano experience will receive instruction on developing their playing skills. Intermediate and advanced pianists will receive guided practice to strengthen their skills. All students will improve their musicianship and learn techniques for successful piano playing tailored to their individual needs. (Semester elective)

Physical Education

Physical Education is an integral part of the St. David’s Middle School curriculum. In PE, students learn to communicate with one another, taking turns to speak and listen. They analyze their play and behold the changes that result from practice and repetition. Students receive instructions to follow game rules, while also create new strategies for play. Students gain the ability to excel through physical fitness while assessing their own effort. Students in PE emerge as contemplative learners who work well with others through teamwork towards the common goal of wellbeing.

PE-5: The transition from Lower to Middle School Physical Education will include new experiences such as dressing out for class, lockers, a larger facility, and interacting with a larger number of peers. A supportive environment will enable students to make this transition successfully, setting the stage for a positive Middle School experience. The PE program emphasizes learning, success, and enjoyment for all students, conceptual knowledge, appropriate challenges, and cooperation. The focus shifts from the practice of fundamental movement, to applying these skills in the field or court of specific sport activities.

PE-6: The PE-6 program emphasizes learning, success and enjoyment for all students, conceptual knowledge, appropriate challenges, and cooperation. The focus shifts from the practice of fundamental movement, to applying these skills in the field or court of specific sport activities, such as soccer, flag football, basketball, volleyball, and other nontraditional sports that emphasize teamwork. Students will learn the importance of safety guidelines and practices for all forms of physical activity. They develop respect for self and others as they learn and practice the skills of cooperation, fair play, and leadership.

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Lifetime Sports: The Middle School lifetime sports elective course provides students an opportunity to engage in a wide range of sports and activities that students can participate in for the rest of their life. They will develop teamwork, problemsolving, and leadership skills important in becoming young adults. In addition to traditional sports such as football, basketball, baseball, volleyball and soccer, students will have the chance to become fully engaged and learn to play other non-traditional team sports and activities such as capture the flag, ultimate frisbee, strength training and running. This will be a fun, high-energy, action-packed class. (Semester elective) Sports Performance: The Middle School sports performance elective course is meticulously designed to help middle school student-athletes by fostering a comprehensive approach to physical fitness, skill development, and injury prevention. Throughout the course, participants engage in age-appropriate strength training, conditioning exercises, and speed & agility drills to enhance muscular strength, endurance, and on-field performance. The curriculum places a strong emphasis on proper form, safety protocol, and gradual progression. Additionally, students work on sport-specific skills, refining techniques tailored to their chosen sports. Nutrition education is woven into the fabric of the class, covering hydration, balanced meals, and fueling strategies for optimal energy. Mental conditioning is addressed, promoting goal setting, focus, resilience, and a positive mindset. The class also integrates flexibility and mobility exercises, injury prevention strategies, and team-building activities to create a supportive training environment. Instructor approval required. (Semester elective)

Library

The goals of the St. David's Library Department are to provide access to information and resources in various forms, promote the love of reading, foster intellectual curiosity and critical thinking, and encourage students to become effective researchers and discerning, life-long learners. In the Middle School, students learn and apply research skills to support and extend classroom study. They learn to locate, evaluate, and use information effectively to collaborate, problem-solve, create, and share knowledge. Students are encouraged to pursue personal interests in research and in their leisure reading.

Fifth grade students and those new to the school receive an orientation to the library and its services at the beginning of the school year. Librarians work in collaboration with classroom teachers, integrating information and digital literacy skills into the curriculum via classroom and/or individual research projects. The topics of study include research methodology and strategies, website evaluation, and the ethical use of information. Instruction in the use of the school's academic databases is an important part of our curriculum. Instruction and exploration take place in formal class settings as well as informally throughout the school year. As they progress from grade to grade, students practice, refine, and extend research skills through various course assignments.

Library-sponsored enrichment activities and programs that promote the love of reading, exploring, and learning are an important part of the library's curriculum.

Academic Support Program

The Academic Support Program (ASP) is designed to provide additional support to students in fifth through eighth grade. This program requires a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, or a learning difference identified by a licensed psychologist. A complete psychoeducational evaluation, current within three years, must be on file in the ASP office. All students enrolled in ASP will attend sessions every other day for individual support from a learning specialist. Our program is curriculum-driven and designed to complement classroom content and instruction. It aims to develop the students’ executive functioning skills through targeted intervention strategies tailored to each student’s learning profile. There is an additional fee associated with this program.

For further information regarding enrollment in the program, please contact the Academic Support Program office.

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Upper School Curriculum

At St. David’s, students strive for excellence in all that they do, in order to reach their fullest potential. This Upper School Curriculum Guide is designed to help you, in consultation Department Chairs, the College Counseling Office, and the Upper School Principal, to plan the right course of study for your upcoming years at St. David’s.

The Upper School curriculum rests on the foundation of a caring and lively faculty, who are eager to engage students inside and outside the classroom, so that students learn to collaborate generously, persevere through challenges, and embrace the process of learning. When students find themselves up against a challenge—whether in a difficult physics problem, down five points with two minutes to play on the basketball court, or in a challenging conversation—they remain confident in what they have practiced, and they are equipped to excel. Our graduates continually dive deeper in search of understanding. They are unhurried, critical thinkers, winsome communicators, and calm, flexible problem solvers.

The Upper School academic curriculum challenges students to take a journey through history and literature, math and science, foreign languages and literatures, computer science, and fine arts. Our broader curriculum includes advisory, chapel, midday meetings, and midday prayer, all of which, together with co-curricular opportunities in sports, fine arts, and a wide range of student-led clubs, help to challenge the heart, soul, mind, and strength of each student.

We teach from a thoroughly Christian framework, which means that we earnestly cultivate the life of the mind towards excellence, through the study of all disciplines at the height of their academic quality. In this environment, all students—no matter their background—contribute to a rich discourse of perspectives and grow in the patience and humility required for making and defending arguments, for learning how to agree and disagree, and even for knowing when and how to change one’s mind in the pursuit of truth.

The Upper School curriculum is highlighted by trips that enrich our academic journey and promote the closeness and warmth of the Upper School community. We start every school year with a full Upper School retreat, which incorporates both on-campus activities and off-campus adventures. In ninth grade, students spend a day canoeing in Eastern North Carolina in the fall and on an overnight trip in the spring. Tenth and eleventh grade students are all invited to join a. Other trips are open to all Upper School students, which may include, depending on the year, a walking tour of Rome and Florence, a service trip to Guatemala, a visit to our nation’s capital, or a trip to the Grand Canyon and other national parks in Utah and Arizona.

The Upper School experience culminates in a senior trip to Greece, where we visit Athens, islands in the Aegean Sea, and other sites on the mainland, including Olympia, Delphi, and Corinth, as we reflect on our own journeys through St. David’s and savor precious time together as a senior class.

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Upper School

COURSE of STUDY

9th 10th 11th 12th

Humanities 8 credits 4 years

Math 4 credits (4 years + 1 course beyond Algebra 2)

Science 3 credits

Humanities 9: Ancient Literature & Ancient History

Algebra I Geometry Algebra II OR Algrebra II Honors

Biology OR Biology Honors

Humanities 10: Medieval World Literature & Medieval World History

Geometry Algebra II OR Algrebra II Honors Pre-Calculus OR Pre-Calculus Honors

Chemistry OR Chemistry Honors

Humanities 11: US History & Modern Literature

Algebra II OR Algrebra II Honors Pre-Calculus OR Pre-Calculus Honors Calc/Stat Honors AP Statistics AP Calculus AB

Physics OR Physics Honors Electives: AP Chemistry AP Biology AP Physics AP Environmental Science

Humanities 12: Capstone Literature & Capstone History

Statistics Pre-Calculus OR Pre-Calculus Honors Calc/Stat Honors AP Statistics AP Calculus AB AP Calculus BC

Electives: AP Chemistry AP Environmental Science AP Biology AP Physics

(3 years including Biology, Chemistry & Physics)

Classical & Modern Languages 3 years of language study in Upper School, including at least Level III Languages offered: French & Spanish to Level VI (Post AP) / Latin to the Level VII (Post AP) / Greek to Level IV (Honors) Other APs: AP Macroeconomics / AP US Government & Politics AP Microeconomics AP Computer Science A AP Music Theory / AP Art & Design / AP Art History Please consult Curriculum Guide for pre-requisites.

Fine Arts 1.5 credits (3 semesters)

Please consult Curriculum Guide for eligible classes.

Physical Education 1 credit P.E. credit is earned through co-curricular athletic participation.

Please consult Curriculum Guide.

Flexibility exists to move between the typical progressions within each department, with department approval.

GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS The St. David’s program fulfills the requirements of the College Preparatory Curriculum established by the State Board of Education as standards for admission to four-year colleges in the UNC system.

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Total Credit Hours Required for St. David’s School

8 ÷ 4 3 3 1 1.5 1.5

HUMANITIES English & History

MATH

Required 9-12

(Includes Ancient, World & US History)

1 Course beyond Algebra II

Biology, Physics & Chemisty

LANGUAGES

Required 3 years Modern or Classical Languages

FINE ARTS

ELECTIVES

6 4 3 0 0 0 2

4 English & 2 History

Including 1 beyond NC Math 3

SCIENCE

P.E.

UNC System requires

Language study in Upper School, including Level III of a single language

1 credit is earned through one season of extra-curriculur athletic participation

3 Semesters of Fine Arts, including Band, Choir, Theater and Visual Arts

1 life, 1 physical & 1 lab science

These requirements represent the minimum qualifications for graduation. Most St. David’s students take more thanthe minimum and are encouraged to do so. Students transferring into the Upper School program after freshmanyear may be allowed to substitute alternative courses for these requirements at the discretion of the Principal.

Humanities

The department of Humanities integrates studies of literature and history to examine the history of Western civilizations. Students receive different viewpoints through the analysis of primary sources, while also creating products that demonstrate their own ideas. They behold beauty depicted through historical writings. Students contemplate how the Bible relates to modern literature, investigating connections to the past through research.

Discussion is an integral part of Humanities classes, as students speak to share their ideas while also learning to listen to others' thoughts through both small and whole group interactions. St. David’s students excel when developing writing skills and self-assess their progress through reflection, partner work, and teacher feedback. Working to learn from the past, students also have the chance to play, through friendly competitions and active participation in handson activities. The Humanities experience is a cornerstone of the St. David’s Upper School curriculum.

Humanities-9: Humanities-9 unites ancient history and literature from the prehistoric era until the Roman Empire. The course is based in an exploration of primary texts, including the way that the literature, events, and conceptual milieu of the ancient world helps to shape the content and form of Scripture. We will consider the following questions throughout the humanities sequence: What is the nature and purpose of a human person? What is the right relation of a person to himself, his political reality, the created order, and God? What is the good life and the good community, and how are they pursued? How did thinkers in each time period conceive of those periods that came before? What is the relationship between faith and reason (and technology)? What is the nature and purpose of education?

Students will expand their lexicon from core literary texts, develop skills in interpretation, discussion, and analysis of primary sources, and continue to hone their writing and research skills. Students will be led through the curriculum by two faculty members who work in close collaboration, sometimes meeting with the class on an individual basis and sometimes co-teaching a joint seminar.

Humanities-10 Honors: Humanities-10 unites the literature and history of the medieval world, to explore how the foundations of government, religion, and community established in the ancient world develop between the fall of Rome (mid-5th century AD) and the Reformation (16-17th centuries). As students continue to address the guiding questions set forth in Humanities-9 (see above), they will develop skills in interpretation, discussion, and analysis of primary sources and will hone their writing and research skills. Students will be led through the curriculum by two teachers who work in close collaboration, sometimes meeting with the class on an individual basis and sometimes co-teaching a joint seminar.

Humanities-11 Humanities-11: US History and the Modern World Honors Humanities-11 unites the literature and history of the modern world, through a focus on US History and its role in relation to the rest of the world. As students continue to address the guiding questions set forth in Humanities-9 (see above) and revisited throughout Humanities-10, they will develop skills in interpretation, discussion, and analysis of primary sources and will hone their writing and research skills. Students will be led through the curriculum by two teachers who work in close collaboration, sometimes meeting with the class on an individual basis and sometimes coteaching a joint seminar. All Humanities 11 students will take the literature class titled Advanced Humanities 11: AP Language and Composition, which, by pursuing the guiding questions of the Humanities program, prepares students for the AP exam through the study of texts aligned with the history portion of the course. For History, students may choose either Humanities 11: US History and the Modern World Honors or Advanced Humanities 11: AP US History and the Modern World.

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Humanities-11: AP US History and the Modern World For the history portion of Humanities 11, advanced students may choose a course that adds the full AP US History syllabus to the existing Humanities 11 curriculum, in preparation for the AP US History Exam. This is a difficult undertaking that is tantamount to two semesters of history in college. Students will be required to read and write extensively outside of class and prepare independently for cumulative assessments. This course is intended for about the top quarter of students in eleventh grade, those who love reading, writing, and studying history and have excelled throughout the Humanities curriculum. Students with grades 85 and above are expected to take the College Board exam, while all students in the class are encouraged to take it as well Humanities 11: AP Language and Composition The syllabus of Humanities 11: Literature, since its beginning, has exceeded the requirements of the AP Language and Composition curriculum. By pursuing the guiding questions of the Humanities program, this course will prepare all eleventh-grade students for the AP exam through the study of texts aligned with the history portion of the course.

Aside from a small amount of test-taking preparation, this curriculum is unchanged from previous years. Students with grades 85 and above are expected to take the College Board exam, while all students in the class are encouraged to take it as well.

Humanities-12 Humanities-12 is a capstone course for 12th grade students, in which they will address seminal works and events throughout the history of the world as they address the guiding questions from their Upper School humanities experience, with a special consideration of their implications for contemporary society. Students will develop skills in interpretation, discussion, and analysis of primary sources and will hone their writing and research skills. All twelfthgrade students must take Advanced Humanities 12: AP Literature and Composition as well as one of the Humanities 12 History courses. All Humanities 12 students will participate in a lecture series during advisory time: the Senior Seminar’s Ethics and the Moral Life, an important capstone to the Humanities curriculum.

Advanced Humanities-12: AP Literature and Composition The syllabus of Humanities 12: Literature, since its beginning, has exceeded the requirements of the AP Language and Composition curriculum. Aside from a small amount of test-taking preparation, this curriculum is unchanged from previous years. Students with grades 85 and above are expected to take the College Board exam, while all students in the class are encouraged to take it as well.

Humanities 12: History of Ethics Honors Students interested in exploring the history of ethics further will delve deeper into background readings of primary and secondary sources, small seminar discussions, and papers.

Humanities 12: History of Theology Honors Students inspired by the history of theology that they have learned in the humanities program will explore this topic more deeply in small seminar discussions, with significant reading and writing assignments.

Humanities 12: History of the American South Honors This course covers the political, economic, social, cultural, and intellectual history of the American South from its colonial origins through the present. The South has been America’s most distinctive subculture and the course will study the history of this exceptionalism through, among other things, literature, film, history and art. In addition to providing a background and perspective on the history of the South, the course will also expose students to the craft of history and the methods of historical and literary study including critical reading, analytical thinking and argumentative writing.

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Humanities 12: European History Honors Students inspired by their study of European History in Humanities 11 will undertake a deeper exploration of modern European History and the United States’s interaction with Europe in the 20th and 21st centuries, building on Humanities 11, with small seminar discussions, with significant reading and writing assignments Advanced Humanities 12: AP Government Seniors who have completed Humanities 11 will be well prepared for this deep exploration of the workings of American government. Students with grades 85 and above are expected to take the College Board exam, while all students in the class are encouraged to take it as well.

Advanced Humanities 12: AP European History: AP European history is a rigorous course, equivalent to two semesters of European History in college. This is a difficult undertaking that is tantamount to a full, year-long college history course. Students will be required to read and write extensively outside of class and prepare independently for cumulative assessments. This course is intended for about the top quarter of history students in twelfth grade, those who love reading, writing, and studying history and have excelled throughout the Humanities curriculum. Students with grades 85 and above are expected to take the College Board exam, while all students in the class are encouraged to take it as well.

AP Art History: The AP Art History course is equivalent to a two-semester college survey course exploring the nature of art, art making, and responses to art. By investigating specific course content of 250 works of art characterized by diverse artistic traditions from prehistory to the present, students develop in-depth, holistic understanding of the history of art from a global perspective. Students become active participants in the global art world, engaging with its forms and content. They experience, research, discuss, read, and write about art, artists, art making, responses to, and interpretations of art. Prerequisite: Sophomore, junior or senior standing.

AP US Government & Politics: AP U.S. Government and Politics provides a college-level introduction to key political concepts, ideas, institutions, policies, interactions, roles, and behaviors that characterize the constitutional system and political culture of the United States. Students will study the history of political thought, U.S. foundational documents, Supreme Court decisions, and other texts and visuals to gain an understanding of the relationships and interactions among political institutions, processes, and behaviors. Sophomore students enrolled in AP U.S. Government and Politics may have additional readings to complete regarding U.S. History.

Creative Writing & the Literary Arts Honors Creative Writing and the Literary Arts Honors prepares students for writing at the college level through extensive writing practice and the close reading of well-crafted works. Students will cultivate an appreciation for writing that is precise and effective as they each develop their own unique voice. Students will learn various modes of discourse, namely narrative, expository, and persuasive writing. In addition to the written word, students will develop the art of speaking beautifully; students will be expected to engage in thoughtful discourse as they write, read, and examine pieces. Prerequisite: Junior or Senior standing.

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AP Macroeconomics: Advanced Placement Macroeconomics is a full-year course that explores the laws and principles overseeing an economy as a whole. Students will study monetary and fiscal policies, how credit markets are controlled by a central bank, how the Gross Domestic Product is measured and how capital markets work. Students will also focus on microeconomics and allow the student to understand how markets work to allocated limited resources, the nature of absolute and comparative advantage, individual decisions within markets and the function of individual companies in participating in both competitive and controlled markets. Pre-requisite: Algebra II AP Microeconomics: Advanced Placement Microeconomics is a college level course designed to introduce the student to economic principles governing the decisions of individuals in a free market economy. The course provides a rigorous introduction to the operation of product and factor markets, the theory of the firm, the nature of profit and costs, the four market structures of competitive markets, monopolies, oligopolies, and monopolistically competitive markets; market failure, and the role of governments in regulating free markets. Students who are successful in the course should have strong skills in mathematical modeling and basic analytical geometry. Pre-requisite: Algebra II Advanced Dante: “Dante-in-Depth” features a deep dive into the exquisite epic poetry of both the Purgatorio and the Paradiso. Following on Dante’s Inferno which is read in Humanities-10, this advanced elective is offered to Juniors and Seniors. In addition to the last two parts of the Divine Comedy, the works of Dante entitled La Vita Nuova and De Monarchia will be read.

Attention will also be given to art history and other cultural influences which give expression to Dante’s greatest work.

The American South Honors: This course explores the political, economic, social, cultural, and intellectual history of the American South from its colonial origins through the present. The South has been America’s most distinctive subculture and the course will study the history of this exceptionalism through, among other things, literature, film, history and art. In addition to providing a background and perspective on the history of the South, the course will also expose students to the craft of history and the methods of historical and literary study including critical reading, analytical thinking and argumentative writing. (Semester Elective) The Good Life through Jewish Literature Honors: This course is an exploration of Happiness, Flourishing, and the Good Life in some of the key texts of Jewish Literature. Students will engage these texts in close readings and intertextual dialogue to interact with how this diverse tradition understands the various components that may contribute or hinder one’s happiness and living fully as a human being. Some of the topics that will be covered include creation, friendship, marriage, finances, education, suffering and the problem of evil, and the meaning of life. (Semester Elective) Christian Theology Honors Christian Theology Honors is an ecumenical course designed to familiarize students with the big questions that Christians have wrestled with throughout the centuries. By taking this course, students will be able to appreciate the rich diversity of Christian beliefs while at the same time thinking more critically about their own faith. All Upper School students of any faith experience are welcome to take this introductory course to learn more about the Christian faith. (Semester Elective)

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Mathematics

In the mathematics department, students develop a deeper understanding of math by working through challenging problems. Yet, they also have time to play when creating 3D models of geometric shapes. Students receive clear instruction and example problems that require them to create unique solutions by applying their knowledge. Students are encouraged to excel through challenging problems that provide an opportunity to assess their complete understanding of abstract concepts. Through collaboration and partner work, students communicate in the language of math by both speaking with the vocabulary and listening to learn from each other. Investigations are a part of the St. David’s math experience, challenging students to contemplate mathematical constructions as they work to better understand the world. In math class, students can behold the beauty of God’s order in creation, while also analyzing the complex nature of mathematical patterns.

Algebra I: Algebra I uses terminology, properties, and concepts specific to Algebra. Topics include but are not limited to polynomials, factoring, linear equations and inequalities, systems of equations and inequalities, and linear and quadratic functions. Application problems encourage the development of critical thinking, logical reasoning, and problem-solving skills. Cooperative learning and technology are employed to introduce and reinforce concepts when applicable. Graphing calculators will be used where appropriate. Note : A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required.

Geometry: Geometry moves from inductive to deductive reasoning to produce logical proofs. A basic understanding of undefined terms, properties, postulates, and theorems is developed and applied to two- and three-dimensional figures.

Algebraic skills involving lines, graphs, equations, formulas, radicals, and trigonometry are reinforced. Hands-on explorations and activities enhance the visual and spatial nature of the course while connecting the intrinsic concepts of Euclidean Geometry. Technology is employed when applicable. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required. Prerequisite: Algebra I Algebra II: Algebra II develops and explores in a greater depth many algebraic concepts that were presented in Algebra I, with an emphasis on solving equations, manipulating expressions, and graphing functions from the linear, quadratic, polynomial, rational, radical, and exponential families. New topics introduced in the course include matrices, complex numbers, and logarithms. Graphing calculators will be used where appropriate. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required. Prerequisite: Algebra I Algebra II Honors: Algebra II Honors will cover the topics presented in Algebra II with a deeper focus and an emphasis on application of known concepts to solve problems within a broader context not seen before. Additional topics such as Conic Sections and Trigonometry will be introduced. Algebra II Honors will prepare students for our most advanced mathematics and science courses, including Pre-Calculus Honors, AP Calculus, AP Statistics, AP Chemistry and Physics Honors. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required. Prerequisite: Algebra I Pre-Calculus: Pre-Calculus will familiarize students with the library of algebraic and transcendental functions, operations on those functions, and graphing techniques in preparation for an entry-level college mathematics course. The functions include linear, polynomial, exponential, logarithmic, rational, and trigonometric functions. Applications and modeling are included throughout the course of study. The curriculum includes a complete study of trigonometry, as well as advanced algebra topics, analytic geometry, and an introduction to limits. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course. Prerequisite: Algebra II

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Pre-Calculus Honors: Pre-Calculus Honors is designed to cover all the material presented in Pre-Calculus while probing deeper into the theoretical applications in preparation for AP math and science courses. Our most advanced math students will be challenged in this course to promote creative thinking to apply the concepts they have learned to solve multi-faceted problems. This course will also cover additional topics such as sequences, series, and mathematical induction. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course. Prerequisite: Algebra II Concepts in Calculus/Statistics Honors: Concepts in Calculus/Statistics Honors is designed to provide a strong foundation for rising juniors and seniors.

Whether their next math experience will be a collegiate course or a St. David’s senior course in AP Calculus AB or AP Statistics, this course will provide valuable preparation. The course will focus on introducing the concepts and methods of calculus and statistics. Students will utilize skills developed earlier in their mathematics studies to address conceptual and applied topics including limits, first and second derivatives, tangent lines, concavity, and continuity.

This course will also introduce statistics topics including observing and exploring data, normal distributions, sampling methods, bias, and experimental design. Technology is an integral part of the course. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus AP Calculus AB: The topics in AP Calculus AB include limits, derivatives, integrals, and the connections between them. Students will apply these skills in real-world problem-solving contexts. The course encourages independent thinking. Problem solving, logical reasoning, and critical thinking skills will be emphasized through the use of cooperative learning and technology. The ability to verbally express mathematical reasoning is a major component of this course. A solid foundation in Pre-calculus, strong work ethic, and discipline should help the student succeed in the course and on the AP exam. An understanding and use of technology is essential in this course. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus Honors AP Calculus BC: Topics in AP Calculus BC include a review of AP Calculus AB material, an in-depth study of the theoretical foundations of calculus, advanced techniques of integration, differential equations, introduction of vector analysis, polar coordinates, and infinite series. Written work and the ability to express mastery of a problem through words is a major component of this course. A solid foundation in AP Calculus AB, strong work ethic, and discipline should help the student succeed in the course and on the AP exam. An understanding and use of technology is essential in this course. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course. Prerequisite: AP Calculus AB AP Statistics: The focus of AP Statistics is to develop the skills required to collect, communicate, analyze, and draw conclusions/make predictions from data. Emphasis is placed on a variety of applications, designs of experiments, sampling methods, techniques of data analysis, and inference procedures with a strong, pervasive emphasis on conceptual understanding. This course requires a “mathematical maturity” as well as interpretive and reasoning skills. Written work and the ability to explain both reasoning and conclusions through words is a major component of the course. Problem solving, logical reasoning and critical thinking skills will be emphasized through the use of cooperative learning and technology. A solid algebraic foundation, strong work ethic, and discipline should help the student succeed in the course and on the AP exam. An understanding of the use of technology is essential in this course. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus

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Statistics: Statistics offers students an introduction to statistical analysis. The focus of the course is to develop the skills required to collect, collate, and analyze data. Emphasis is placed on a variety of applications, designs of experiments, techniques of data analysis, observing and exploring data, normal distributions, sampling methods, bias, and probability. Problem solving skills will be developed through the use of technology and classroom investigations and activities. Note: A TI-83 Plus or a TI-84 Plus graphing calculator is required for this course. This course is for seniors only.

Science

St. David’s Upper School students create new constructions of their own design in science, from potato launchers, to chemical reactions, to molecular models. They receive information about the world through both work and play. As they build and design, they learn to behold the majesty of creation. Students analyze how the living world works in tandem with the non-living world. Students contemplate forces that exist in the abstract through concrete investigations of their own construction. As students excel in science, they also assess their learning through teamwork activities. At the culmination of their learning, students share their knowledge through presentations, projects, and formal lab reports. They learn to listen to the findings of others to further scientific understanding.

Biology: Biology is an introductory course that is designed to provide current and comprehensive information concerning the biological sciences. The topics covered include ecology, basic biochemistry, cytology, genetics, molecular biology, biotechnology, and evolution (natural selection). Student understanding is reinforced through inquiry-based labs, a variety of hands-on investigations, modeling, and microscopy. (Lab Science) Note: This course is also available through the St. David's Summer Academy for full-year St. David's credit.

Biology Honors: Biology Honors extends the classroom and lab experience of the Biology course by challenging students to dig deeper into life science concepts. Students should expect to conduct lab experiments that require thorough investigation by critically analyzing results and connecting them to broader concepts. Throughout the course, students will complete formal lab reports, actively participate in seminar discussions and demonstrate higher order thinking on formal assessments. (Lab Science) AP Biology: AP Biology is a college-level course, equivalent to two semesters of college-level biology with lab. Students cultivate their understanding of biology through discussion and inquiry-based investigations focusing on four big ideas: 1: Evolution (Natural Selection), 2: Energetics (Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, Biochemistry and Metabolism), 3: Information Storage and Transmission (Genetics, Molecular Biology, and Biotechnology), and 4: Systems Interactions: (Cytology and Ecology). Lab sessions may be extended into Office Hours or Flex. Attendance in these out-of-class sessions is mandatory. Prerequisite: Biology and Chemistry. (Lab Science) Chemistry: Chemistry provides students with a broad introduction to chemical principles and concepts. Some of the topics covered include chemical quantities and equations, the atom, the periodic table, gas laws, acid-base chemistry, and chemical structures. The course draws on basic algebra skills such as solving equations and using ratios. Course concepts are reinforced through hands-on activities, labs, and projects. (Lab Science)

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Chemistry Honors: Chemistry Honors extends the classroom and lab experience of the Chemistry course by challenging students to dig deeper into physical science concepts. Chemistry topics covered include the development of modern atomic theory, chemical reactions, prediction of products, molecular structure, and the five gas laws. Students should expect to conduct lab experiments that require thorough investigation by critically analyzing results and connecting them to broader concepts. Throughout the course, students will complete formal lab reports, actively participate in seminar discussions and demonstrate higher order thinking on formal assessments. (Lab science) AP Chemistry: AP Chemistry is comparable to a first-year two-semester college chemistry course and the accompanying laboratory. Students spend the entire year studying a broad range of topics, including atomic structure, mass relationships, gases, thermochemistry, chemical bonding, phases of matter, chemical kinetics and equilibrium, electrochemistry, and thermodynamics. To successfully complete this course, students must be proficient in math and problem solving and have excellent organizational skills. Formal lab reports will be completed regularly throughout the course. Prerequisite: Algebra II, Biology, and Chemistry. (Lab Science) Physics: Physics explores the motion of charges, particles, and waves in the natural world. Physics is a class built around problem solving and lab inquiry. Main class topics include mechanics, electricity, waves, sound, and optics. In addition, an extended lab will be developed and carried out by students. Algebra II skills are pertinent to physics and are developed throughout this course. Pre-requisite or Co-requisite: Algebra II (Lab Science) Physics Honors: Like Physics, Physics Honors also encourages a qualitative and quantitative understanding of objects moving in the natural world. Main topics include mechanics, electricity, waves, sound, and optics. In addition, an extended lab will be developed and carried out by students. The concepts discussed in class are supplemented with labs and demonstrations. An emphasis on problem solving and Algebra II skills are used frequently. In the course, students will complete formal lab reports, actively participate in class discussions, and demonstrate higher order analytic thinking.

Pre-requisite: Algebra II (Lab Science) AP Physics C: Mechanics: AP Physics C: Mechanics is comparable to a first-year college physics course. This calculus-based course focuses on problem solving and laboratory techniques. Topics explored include kinematics, forces, gravity, energy, momentum, and rotations. Homework consists of weekly problem sets. Twenty percent of class time is set aside for lab activities to further explore topics, plan experiments, and analyze data. Pre-requisite or Co-requisite: AP Calculus; completion of Physics Honors recommended. (Lab Science) AP Physics C: Mechanics is offered every other year, alternating with AP Physics C: Electricity & Magnetism.

AP Physics C: Electricity & Magnetism AP Physics C: Electromagnetism is comparable to a first-year college physics course. This calculus-based course explores electric charge, electric field, circuits, and magnetism. Homework consists of weekly problem sets. Twenty percent of class time is set aside for lab activities to delve further into class topics. Pre-requisite or Co-requisite: AP Calculus; completion of Physics Honors recommended. (Lab Science) AP Physics C: Electricity & Magnetism is offered every other year, alternating with AP Physics C: Mechanics.

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AP Environmental Science: The goal of AP Environmental Science is to provide students with the scientific principles, concepts and methodologies required to understand the inter-relationships of the natural world. Topics covered will include geology, oceanography, biology, chemistry and geography. Students will identify and analyze environmental problems, both natural and human made. Students will read a variety of texts describing environmental issues and write statements that reflect an understanding of the inter-relationships under investigation. Through this course, students will investigate problems through hands-on laboratory experiences or fieldwork at least one class period a week.

Prerequisite: Biology and Corequisite: Chemistry (Lab Science) Physiology & Introduction to Medicine Honors: Physiology and Introduction to Medicine will provide students with the opportunity to apply biology concepts through the study of the human body. Taught by an experienced surgeon, students will study the anatomy and physiology of organ systems, pathology, genetics, pharmacology and the principles of surgery. Field trips and guest speakers will be integrated throughout the course. Prerequisite: Biology

Classical Languages

The study of classical languages allows students to break apart words, phrases and sentences to analyze meaning, while also beholding the beauty and style of Roman and Greek classical works. Students contemplate the western tradition by investigating the meanings of complex texts written in Latin or Greek. Students learn the basics of spoken Latin or Greek by listening to the words of ancient texts. Students create their own written works as they apply their language learning to contemporary society. Students in classical language courses compete in challenges and competitions that breathe new energy into the study of language. Students act out scenes from ancient stories. The classical language department brings the languages of the past to life.

Latin I: Latin I provides an academically rigorous introduction to the Latin language and Roman culture. Students begin to develop fluency in Latin by memorizing vocabulary and grammatical forms, translating and composing sentences, and occasionally reading short stories in the target language. An appreciation of Latin as it influences modern English, as well as Roman culture as it relates to the world of the Bible, is developed and deepened.

Latin II: Latin II builds upon the foundation of the previous year with the ever-present goal of understanding authentic Latin.

Students continue to master the basics of Latin by expanding their vocabulary and grammatical knowledge, translating and composing sentences of greater complexity, and reading longer passages adapted from Roman authors. Cultural topics, such as Greek and Roman history, society, and mythology, feature prominently as students begin to interpret the texts they translate. Prerequisite: Latin I Latin III: Latin III completes the introduction to Latin grammar begun in the first year and prepares students to translate and interpret authentic texts from Roman authors in Latin IV. Students continue to gain experience and fluency in the language by applying their vocabulary and grammatical knowledge to passages of extended length, complexity, and nuance. Students are also introduced to the rhetorical and literary devices used by ancient authors.

Prerequisite: Latin II

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Latin IV Honors: Latin IV Honors is designed to prepare students for success in AP Latin by introducing them to the language of Vergil and Caesar, the two authors that make up the AP Latin syllabus. Students gain familiarity with the styles and vocabularies of classical Latin authors, such as Cicero, Ovid, Catullus, and Pliny, and begin to analyze texts as literature in context of the Roman world. Increasingly rigorous writing assignments prepare students for the written portions of the AP curriculum. Prerequisite: Latin III AP Latin: This class is designed for those wishing to read excerpts from Caesar’s Gallic Wars and Vergil’s Aeneid and to take the AP Latin exam. Students will read both authors in English, and selections from them in Latin as outlined in the AP Latin course description. They will become familiar with first-century BC context of the society in which the authors lived, and consider the themes including leadership, duty, self, and society. Students will use AP style testing methods throughout the course. Prerequisite: Latin IV Honors Post-AP Latin VI: This course is equivalent to a college-level Latin Literature course and is reserved for students who have completed AP Latin successfully and are interested in reading and analyzing extended portions of advanced Latin Literature.

Authors may be selected, according to the interests of the students, from Cicero, Caesar, Livy, Plautus, Terence, Catullus, Horace, Vergil and Ovid, or other authors, at the discretion of the instructor. The course will focus on attaining a scholarly understanding of the works in question, as students will gain experience analyzing difficult passages and works orally and in essays. Prerequisite: AP Latin Post-AP Latin VII: This course is reserved for students who have completed Post-AP Latin VI and wish to further their range of proficiency in reading and analyzing extended portions of advanced Latin Literature. Authors may be selected, according to the interests of the students, from Cicero, Caesar, Livy, Plautus, Terence, Catullus, Horace, Vergil, and Ovid, or other authors, at the discretion of the instructor. The course will focus on attaining a scholarly understanding of the works in question, as students will gain experience analyzing difficult passages and works orally and in essays.

Composition assignments in Latin will help students solidify their grasp of the language and encourage them to write in imitation of the works they are reading. Prerequisite: Latin VI Greek I: Greek I begins the study of Attic Greek, the language of ancient Greek playwrights, historians, philosophers, and poets. It provides an excellent foundation for progress into the New Testament (written in a simplified form of Greek, koine) and into the Homeric epics. Students are introduced to the vocabulary, grammar, and syntax of Greek through leveled readings from authentic Attic prose and New Testament authors. Along the way, they encounter many famous myths and stories which offer insights into perhaps the most intellectually productive culture of all time.

Greek II: Greek II continues the journey through Attic Greek. Students grow in their mastery of the language by expanding their vocabulary and grammatical knowledge, translating sentences of greater complexity, and reading passages adapted from Greek authors. By the end of the course, students can read portions of authentic Greek written in various dialects, including the New Testament, Attic authors, and Homer. Prerequisite: Greek I

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Greek III: Greek III introduces students to more challenging readings from authentic Greek texts, including the New Testament, Attic authors, such as Lysias and Plato, and Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey. Throughout the course, we have ample opportunity to solidify our grasp of Greek vocabulary, grammar, and syntax. We also have occasion to examine the culture of Archaic and Classical Greece, as well as the Jewish and Roman milieu of 1st-century Palestine. Prerequisite: Greek II Greek IV Honors: Greek IV is an advanced literature course, in which students will read substantial portions of ancient Greek literature in prose and poetry. Authors may be selected, according to the interests of the students, from Plato, Xenophon, Herodotus, Homer, Euripides, and Sophocles or other authors, at the discretion of the instructor. The rigor and depth of analysis will be similar to that of AP Latin and will focus on interpreting the texts as literature and as a part of the intellectual fabric of the ancient world. Upon successful completion of this course, students will be prepared to succeed in a Greek literature course in college. Prerequisite: Greek III

Modern Languages

Students in modern language courses receive comprehensible input in the target language, while creating tasks that integrate the language into their personal experiences. Students speak the language in whole group and small group settings, learning to listen to their peers to develop their understanding of language. Modern language learners complete challenging tasks while also roleplaying and acting out scenes. While the approach in courses is designed to communicate in nature, there are opportunities to analyze language and behold the beauty of spoken language.

Students investigate language through open-ended activities and contemplate the meaning of authentic documents written in the target language. The courses offered through the department of modern languages are aligned with the Proficiency Guidelines and World-Readiness Standards specified by the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL).

French I: In French I, students pursue a Novice High level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. This course, the first in a three-year sequence, introduces students to the French language as well as to the cultures and geographies of France and the French-speaking world. Students develop French language proficiency by engaging in interpretive, interpersonal, and presentational forms of communication. Through engagement with authentic materials, students learn to communicate meaningfully about everyday topics pertaining to themselves and others. As the year progresses, classroom instruction and interaction are increasingly conducted in French.

French II: French II is the second in a three-year sequence in which students advance toward an Intermediate Low level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. Through engagement with authentic materials, students expand their knowledge of the French-speaking world, using the language to investigate and reflect on cultural differences. Students at this level pursue French language proficiency by seeking to understand, interpret, interact, and share information in the target language. More emphasis is placed on accuracy as students learn to summarize, recount experiences, and reminisce.

Much of the classroom instruction and interaction is conducted in French. Pre-requisite: French IA and IB or French I. French III: French III is the third in a three-year sequence in which students progress toward an Intermediate Mid-level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. The content of this course leads to more sophisticated communication in the language, including the expression of opinion and sentiment on a variety of topics. Through engagement with a variety of authentic materials, students further enrich their cultural literacy and broaden their ability to express themselves meaningfully in the past, present, and future. The course is conducted almost exclusively in French.

Pre-requisite: French II 39

French IV Honors: In French IV Honors, students aim to reach an Intermediate High level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. This course seeks to prepare recommended students for the AP Language level by blending a comprehensive review of grammar and vocabulary with the further acquisition of French language proficiency and francophone cultural literacy.

Through the extensive use of authentic materials, students reach a level of proficiency so as to express themselves meaningfully and confidently on a wide variety of topics. This course is conducted entirely in French. Pre-requisite: French III AP French Language and Culture: AP French Language and Culture is intended for students who wish to reach an Advanced level of proficiency, as specified by the ACTFL standards. Students review and refine interpretive, interpersonal, and presentational communication skills, in preparation for the AP Exam. The content of the course is organized around six themes: families and communities, personal and public identities, beauty and aesthetics, science and technology, contemporary life, and global challenges. This course is conducted exclusively in French. Pre-requisite: French IV Honors Post-AP French VI: French VI is devised for students who have successfully completed AP French Language & Culture and demonstrate the ability to communicate at an Intermediate High level of proficiency, as specified by the ACTFL standards. An emphasis is placed on reading, writing, reflection, and discovery of cultural and linguistic differences existing within the vast diversity of the Francophone world. Literature, film, and other authentic resources in the target language are selected at the discretion of the instructor. The course will focus on attaining a scholarly understanding of the works in question, as students gain experience analyzing difficult passages and works orally and in essays. This course is taught exclusively in French. Prerequisite: AP French Spanish I: In Spanish I, students pursue a Novice High level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. This course, the first in a three-year sequence, introduces students to the Spanish language as well as to the cultures and geographies of the Spanish-speaking world. Students develop Spanish language proficiency by engaging in interpretive, interpersonal, and presentational forms of communication. Through engagement with authentic materials, students learn to communicate meaningfully about everyday topics pertaining to themselves and others. As the year progresses, classroom instruction and interaction are increasingly conducted in Spanish.

Spanish II: Spanish II is the second in a three-year sequence in which students advance toward an Intermediate Low level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. Through engagement with authentic materials, students expand their knowledge of the Spanish-speaking world, using the language to investigate and reflect on cultural differences. Students at this level pursue Spanish language proficiency by seeking to understand, interpret, interact, and share information in the target language. More emphasis is placed on accuracy as students learn to summarize, recount experiences, and reminisce.

Much of the classroom instruction and interaction is conducted in Spanish. Pre-requisite: Spanish IA and IB or Spanish I. Spanish III: Spanish III is the third in a three-year sequence in which students progress toward an Intermediate Mid-level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. The content of this course leads to more sophisticated communication in the language, including the expression of opinion and sentiment on a variety of topics. Through engagement with a variety of authentic materials, students further enrich their cultural literacy and broaden their ability to express themselves meaningfully in the past, present, and future. The course is conducted almost exclusively in Spanish.

Pre-requisite: Spanish II 40

Spanish IV Honors: In Spanish IV Honors, students aim to reach an Intermediate High level, as specified by the ACTFL standards. This course seeks to prepare recommended students for the AP Language level by blending a comprehensive review of grammar and vocabulary with the further acquisition of Spanish language proficiency and cultural literacy. Through the extensive use of authentic materials, students reach a level of proficiency so as to express themselves meaningfully and confidently on a wide variety of topics. This course is conducted entirely in Spanish. Pre-requisite: Spanish III Spanish Culture & Conversation: This course, conducted entirely in Spanish, builds on the previous Spanish I-III sequence and seeks to further develop and enrich the students’ acquisition of conversational Spanish as well as their cultural literacy and sensitivity regarding the Hispanic world. Through the engagement with authentic Spanish audio-visual and print materials, students will explore, present, and discuss exclusively in Spanish topics pertaining to the history, geography, culture, and current events of countries in the Spanish-speaking world. Pre-requisite: Spanish III AP Spanish Language & Culture: AP Spanish Language and Culture is intended for students who wish to reach an Advanced level of proficiency, as specified by the ACTFL standards. Recommended students review and refine interpretive, interpersonal, and presentational communication skills, in preparation for the AP Exam. The content of the course is organized around six themes: families and communities, personal and public identities, beauty and aesthetics, science and technology, contemporary life, and global challenges. This course is conducted exclusively in Spanish. Pre-requisite: Spanish IV Honors Post-AP Spanish VI: Spanish VI is devised for students who have successfully completed AP Spanish Language & Culture and demonstrate the ability to communicate at an Intermediate High level of proficiency, as specified by the ACTFL standards. An emphasis is placed on reading, writing, reflection, and discovery of cultural and linguistic differences existing within the vast diversity of Spanish-speaking countries. Literature, film, and other authentic resources in the target language are selected at the discretion of the instructor. The course will focus on attaining a scholarly understanding of the works in question, as students gain experience analyzing difficult passages and works orally and in essays. This course is taught exclusively in Spanish. Prerequisite: AP Spanish

Computer Science & Technology

In the computer science and technology department, students work to develop solutions to problems through play and experimentation. They receive instructions on how to approach a problem to which they can create a solution.

Through active interaction utilizing technology, students analyze processes while beholding the beauty of mathematical relationships. Students contemplate proposed solutions and investigate to identify where adjustments are needed. In computer science and technology courses, students work together to speak their viewpoints and listen to consider revisions to their own logic. Students excel in constructing solutions and assessing their own progress as learners in a world integrated with technology.

Engineering: In this introductory course on engineering, students will explore projects in three dimensions of engineering: construction, mechanics, and electronics. Students will work in groups to complete project challenges and will learn to communicate their progress in written and oral presentations. (Semester Elective)

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Innovation & Design: In Innovation and Design, students will have the opportunity to apply basic engineering and design skills to innovate solutions to problems they encounter through empathetic design. Students will learn the basics of the innovation and design process and use various technologies, such as hand tools, power tools, and 3D printers to develop solution prototypes (Semester Elective) Introduction to Computer Programming: Students will learn the basics of computer programming and learn software development skills. Topics will include HTML web development, shell/z-shell (for terminal use and navigation), coding in Python, and special topics of interest to the students. This course will involve both group and individual assessments. (Semester elective) Robotics: In Robotics, students will work in groups to design VEX robots to overcome challenges and solve problems. This course is designed to integrate engineering with computer programing for the purpose of applying knowledge to new situations. Some projects will include designing a robotic climber, hopper, maze-runner, and battle bots. (Semester elective) AP Computer Science A: AP Computer Science A will equip students with a fundamental knowledge of computer programming, preparing them to succeed on the AP Computer Science A exam. Java will be the primary language of use in the course, being the language of the AP exam. Students will learn about primitive types, objects, logical expressions, iterations, arrays, inheritance, and recursion. No prior knowledge of coding is required. Pre-requisite: Sophomore, junior, or senior standing required.

Post-AP Applied Computer Science: In Post-AP Applied Computer Science, students will be challenged to create mathematical models and computer simulations of physical-chemical phenomena. Areas of study will include modeling strategies, statistical analysis tools, fundamentals of machine learning, and molecular dynamics simulations. The course material will require a prerequisite knowledge of chemistry, physics, computer programming, and mathematics. This course will include both independent work and classroom-based instruction. Computer programs most used in this course will be Microsoft Excel, R, and LAMMPS, with additional attention to languages of interest to students. Pre-requisites: AP Computer Science A, Chemistry, Pre-calculus, Physics, and junior or senior standing. Physics may be completed as a co-requisite.

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Fine Arts

Students in the Upper School participate in Fine Arts, through band, choir, theatre, visual arts, yearbook, and art history. Students learn mastery of the fundamentals of each art form: theory, history, vocabulary, and performance. In each class, students play with the tools of the arts to create, improvise, interpret, and bring the works to life. Students receive information about important artists of the past in order to create their own works of art. Each field requires students to analyze the master works of the art form and behold the beauty represented within each one. Students contemplate how art serves as an expression of the human experience, pushing the beholder to investigate the meaning of the work. Students learn techniques to communicate with one another, speaking and listening to communicate how the art influences then. Students learn to excel through practice and assess their progress through regular communication with their teacher. Fine Arts education is an integral part of guiding our students to grow into our portrait of a graduate.

Chamber Choir/Chamber Choir Honors: Chamber Choir is designed for 9th-12th grade singers who seek to develop a healthy, strong, and beautiful singing voice to gain musicianship singing within a larger group. These courses seek to build a community of singers that foster success and excellence in themselves and others. This group has a strong focus on musical literacy, vocal health and performance skills. Through daily ear training and sight reading, challenging repertoire, performance opportunities, and adjudicated festivals, both on campus and abroad, students will grow in their vocal skills. Students in 9th-12th grade wishing to pursue the Honors option must audition to demonstrate proficiency. (Full Year or Semester Elective) Wind Ensemble/Wind Ensemble Honors: This instrumental ensemble is designed for 9th-12th graders playing instruments in the woodwind, brass and percussion families. Students are held to high standards of ensemble playing, being challenged each day toward musical proficiency. In this course students focus on developing fully matured tone quality, strong technical skills, superior phrasing and musicianship, as well as advanced music theory concepts. Regular individual playing tests and quizzes are given for evaluation. Students in the Wind Ensemble are featured during various concerts and school assemblies throughout the year. In addition, the Wind Ensemble embarks on an annual overnight trip to an adjudicated festival each spring. Students with two consecutive years of experience in Wind Ensemble advance to leadership in the group as members of Wind Ensemble Honors in the third year. (Full Year Elective) AP Music Theory: AP Music Theory is a course that focuses on the essential elements of music: melody, harmony, texture, rhythm, form, history and style. Students in the class develop their ability to recognize, understand and describe the basic materials and processes of music that is heard or is present in a score. They will rely heavily on their ability to read and write musical notation as they address fundamental aural, analytical, and compositional skills using both listening and written exercises. The students will master the basic elements of music, including intervals, major/minor and modal scales, chords, melodic/harmonic dictation, score-analysis, metric/rhythmic patterns, sight-singing and the terms used to describe these elements. Prerequisite: Must be able to read music.

Foundations in Art: This course introduces students to the Elements of Art and the Principles of Design for both 2D and 3D works of art. Students are challenged to find visual solutions to design problems while exploring a variety of media and basic studio techniques. Projects will build fundamental skills that are necessary in all types of design and artistic endeavors. Students will also learn how to engage in art critiques with their peers and articulate artistic concepts using appropriate art vocabulary.

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Piano: Piano class is designed for any student who has a desire to play piano, regardless of their current piano skills. Students with little to no piano experience will receive instruction on developing their playing skills. Intermediate and advanced pianists will receive guided practice to strengthen their skills. All students will improve their musicianship and learn techniques for successful piano playing tailored to their individual needs. Performance opportunities and recitals will be offered throughout the semester. (Semester Elective) Studio Art I: Students in Studio Art I will continue to refine their technical skills in the 2D art methods experienced in Foundations in Art and further explore media with which they have developed a personal connection on a deeper level. Students will explore advanced techniques in drawing and painting and learn about other 2D methods of art making, including printmaking, collage, and digital photography. Prerequisite: Foundations in Art. (Semester elective) Studio Art II Honors: This course offers dedicated students an opportunity to create art through advanced practice and experimentation with a variety of 2D and 3D methods. Through the study and practice of historic and contemporary trends in visual art, students in Studio Art II will continue to improve their visual literacy, creativity, and confidence as individual artists. Emphasis is given to problem solving and conceptual thinking. This course is highly recommended for those students interested in taking AP Art & Design their senior year. Prerequisite: Studio Art I (Semester elective) AP Art & Design: The AP Art and Design program is intended for highly motivated seniors interested in preparing a portfolio for the College Board exam. Students can choose to pursue a two-dimensional design, three-dimensional design or drawing portfolio. As part of the final portfolio, students are required to bring five selected works of their own. Prerequisite: Faculty approval and 10-12 completed works of art to be used for the general section of the 24-piece portfolio.

Public Speaking: This course offers practical skill in this highly valuable trait needed for presentations, interviews, and more. Students will learn to evaluate their own skill as well as offer helpful feedback to others. Members of the class will receive practical application of the highly sought-after skills used for persuasive presentation, informative speeches, and more.

(Semester elective) Public speaking is offered every other year, alternating with Stage Combat.

Stage Combat: This class covers the basic disciplines necessary to create the illusion of stage aggression. The class will focus primarily on unarmed/hand-to-hand, rapier, and quarterstaff. The emphasis is on development of technique as well as performance, with a focus on accuracy and safety. Students will achieve personal understanding and command of their bodies as they relate to theatrical physical conflict. (Semester Elective) Stage Combat is offered every other year, alternating with Public Speaking.

Theatre Arts: Drama: This course focuses on dramatic acting techniques for the stage from Greek tragedy to contemporary drama. It is designed to develop the ability to play dramatic actions honestly and believably, using realistic/naturalistic material as well as self-scripted autobiographical writing. Course work includes exercises and improvisations exploring awareness, relaxation, observation, the senses, voice, and physical and emotional life. Assessments will consist of prepared monologues, scene work and class participation. (Semester Elective) 44

Theatre Arts: Comedy: This course focuses on the underlying question, “What makes us laugh?”, and how this translates to comedic acting for the stage. It is designed to identify and develop the ability to play comedic actions honestly and believably, using realistic/naturalistic material as well as self-scripted autobiographical writing. Course work includes exercises, improvisations exploring what makes us laugh, comedic timing, clowning, and physical as well as intellectual humor.

Assessments will consist of prepared monologues, scene work and class participation. (Semester Elective) Yearbook: This course introduces students to the skills of interviewing, graphic design, photojournalism and writing for the school’s yearbook, Logos. Students will learn the fundamentals of copywriting and creating spreads. Also, members of the class will produce stories and images to chronicle the school year. (Semester or Full year elective)

Library

The goals of the St. David's Library Department are to provide access to information and resources in various forms, promote the love of reading, foster intellectual curiosity and critical thinking, and encourage students to become effective researchers and discerning, life-long learners. In the Upper School, students learn and apply research skills to support and extend classroom study. They learn to locate, evaluate, and use information effectively and to collaborate, solve problems, create, and share knowledge. Students are encouraged to pursue personal interests in research and in their leisure reading.

Ninth grade students and those new to the school receive an orientation to the library and its services at the beginning of the school year. Librarians work in collaboration with classroom teachers, integrating information and digital literacy skills into the curriculum via classroom and/or individual research projects. The topics of study include research methodology and strategies, website evaluation, and the ethical use of information. Instruction in the use of the school's academic databases is an important part of our curriculum. Instruction and exploration take place in formal class settings as well as informally throughout the school year. As they progress through the upper grades, students practice, refine, and extend research skills through various course assignments.

Library-sponsored enrichment activities and programs that promote the love of reading, exploring, and learning are an important part of the library's curriculum.

Academic Support Program

The Academic Support Program (ASP) is designed to provide additional support to students in ninth through eleventh grade. This program requires a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, or a learning difference identified by a licensed psychologist. A complete psychoeducational evaluation, current within three years, must be on file in the ASP office. All students enrolled in ASP will attend sessions every other day for individual support from a learning specialist. Our program is curriculum-driven and designed to complement classroom content and instruction. It aims to develop the students’ executive functioning skills through targeted intervention strategies tailored to each student’s learning profile. There is an additional fee associated with this program.

We highly encourage our seniors to attempt their senior year without planned weekly support to help them become more independent and self-advocates for their learning needs. Specialists will continue to be available for support during regularly scheduled Office Hours. For further information regarding enrollment in the program, please contact the Academic Support Program office.

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