REFILL
PHOTOVLTAIC ROOF ARRAY
THE EXISTING NATURE CENTER’S CONSERVATION EFFORTS ARE EXPANDED WITH MORE SPACE FOR WILDLIFE RESEARCH ROOF STRUCTURE CLASSROOM/MEETING ROOM WILDLIFE RESCUE & TRIAGE
Hunting Island, South Carolina is the location of the state’s most popular state park. Over the past decade, Hunting Island has been subjected to intense coastal change and erosion due to rising sea levels and increasingly severe hurricanes.
AVIAN AND SMALL MAMMAL LAB CEILING
HVAC
RESTROOM
RESTROOM
REFILL aims to replenish its own resources, specifically water. Water is precious and it is imperative that the way water is used be more thoughtfully considered. This project collects, treats, filters, and produces its own water. This way, REFILL is not consuming water from local aquifers, and any excess water that is collected can be used to replenish those aquifers.
MARINE & REPTILE LAB
THE USE OF LIGHT FRAME CONSTRUCTION ALLOWS FOR A 67% REDUCTION OF EMBODIED ENERGY FROM THE BENCHMARKS FOR BUILDINGS OF SIMILAR USE AND SIZE
WILDLIFE EXHIBIT
BUIDING COLUMNS
CLAY STUDY By pushing clay onto a physical topography model, a very tacticle experience provided clearer understanding of the high and low points of the site.
WALLS
EFFICIENT USE OF SITE AND PROGRAM ALLOWS FOR LESS WASTE DURING CONSTRUCTION AND GREATER RETURN ON INVESTMENT
BUILDING A: WILDLIFE CENTER MAINTAINING CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE EXISTING PARKING LOT ALLOWS FOR GREATER ACCESSIBILITY TO THE SITE
SOUTHERN ORIENTATION OF BUILDINGS IS THE OPTIMAL ORIENTATION FOR GENERATING SOLAR POWER AS WELL AS MITIGATING SOLAR HEAT GAIN
WATER DROP STUDY
BOARDWALK
WATER NEEDS FOR THE ENTIRE PROJECT ARE OFFSET IN THE WATER TREATMENT CENTER
Early site development was informed by drainage paths and pools created by releasing water drops onto a physical topography model
A
RESTROOOM BOARDWALK STRUCTURE
RESTROOOM
C
CONTAMINANT LAB
B
INTERACTIVE EXHIBIT
LAB STORAGE
TEACHING LAB
OFFICE EXHIBITION SPACE VIDEO EXHIBIT PIER FOUNDATIONS
CONCEPTUAL SITE PLAN Buildings were located at spots where water drops pooled in the previous study while pathways folowed drainage paths.
D
BUILDING B: WATER TREATMENT CENTER EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC OF TYPICAL STRUCTURAL CONFIGURATION
N
TEMPORARY DORMS FOR A MAXIMUM OF 20 RESEARCHERS ALLOW THEM TO LIVE ON-SITE, REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF DAILY COMMUTERS TO THE SITE
FINALIZED SITE PLAN THROUGH A SERIES OF ITERATIONS, REFILL TAKES ITS FINAL FORM AS FIVE PAVILIONS COMPRISED OF A WILDLIFE CENTER, A WATER TREATMENT CENTER, AN EROSION RESEARCH CENTER, AND TWO RESEARCHER DORMITORIES
REFILL IS AN EXPANSION OF HUNTING ISLAND’S EXISTING NATURE CENTER AND PARK RANGER LIVING QUARTERS
PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL 3” RIGID INSULATION 2X8 RAFTERS WOOD SOFFIT
ON-SITE DORMITORIES ALLOW RESEARCHERS TO STAY NEARBY, ELIMINATING AN AVERAGE 30 MILE ROUND-TRIP COMMUTE FOR DORM OCCUPANTS
AN ELEVATED BOARDWALK RAISES THE BUILDINGS ABOVE PREDICTED FLOOD LEVELS
8” ROCK WOOL INSULATION 6X12 WOOD BEAM OPERABLE JALOUSIE WINDOW
COMMUNAL SPACE QUAD
COMMUNAL SPACE
2X12 WOOD BLOCK GYPSUM WALL BOARD FINISH 8” ROCK WOOL INSULATION 6” RIGID INSULATION WOOD PANEL SIDING 1X4 WOOD DECKING 2X8 JOISTS 6X12 WOOD BEAM
8X8 WOOD COLUMN
BUILDING C: RESEARCHER DORMITORIES
A PAIRED MARSH LAB AND COAST LAB OBSERVE AND STUDY THE DELICATE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RISING SEA LEVELS AND THE WETLANDS MARSH LAB
12” DIAMETER SONOTUBE
COAST LAB
CONCRETE FOOTING
TYPICAL WALL SECTION
AERIAL PERSPECTIVE OF SITE
EROSION RESEARCH CENTER FLOOR PLAN
HVAC
VOIDS IN THE BOARDWALK ALLOW THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT TO BE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE PATH
VOIDS IN THE BOARDWALK ALLOW VISITORS TO OBSERVE THE TERRAIN BELOW
OBSERVATION VIEWERS ALLOW VISITORS TO SPOT WILDLIFE AND OTHER ASPECTS OF THE ISLAND
AN ACTIVE “QUAD” SPACE BETWEEN THE TWO DORMITORIES ALLOWS OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONVERSATION, DINING, AND PLAY AMONG RESEARCHERS
COLORFUL PIPES ALONG THE BOARDWALK’S GUARDRAIL INDICATES WHERE WATER GOES AND WHAT WATER IS BEING CARRIED: POTABLE WATER, GREYWATER, OR BLACK WATER
BENCHES TO BE BUILT IN PARTNERSHIP WITH EAGLES SCOUTS TROOP 742 WHO HAVE CRAFTED BENCHES ALL OVER HUNTING ISLAND
PERSPECTIVE OF WILDLIFE CENTER
PERSPECTIVE OF EROSION CENTER
DESIGN FOR ECOLOGY
DESIGN FOR INTEGRATION
DESIGN FOR COMMUNITY
Over time, the project’s capacity for water treatment will grow to accomodate other structures on the island
DESIGN FOR ENERGY
DESIGN FOR WATER
Shallow ramps up to the project’s elevated boardwalk is key for addressing accessibility and allowing all visitors to have the same arrival experience.
A closed loop system allows for on-site treatment and filtration of water for reuse. Excess water is expelled to nearby bioswales to replenish local aquifers
DESIGN FOR CHANGE
DESIGN FOR WELLNESS
DESIGN FOR ECONOMY
A new Wildlife Center is contributes to Hunting Island’s conservation efforts. Furthermore, voids in the boardwalk allow the path to integrate itself into the environment
REFILL’s design is centered around the water treatment center where water is collected, treated, and filtered on-site
PERSPECTIVE OF DORMITORY PAVILION
Work areas are designed to be daylit and provide views outdoors while operable windows allow for natural cross-ventilation when weather permits
A photovoltaic roof array allows the project to offset its own energy demands, while extended overhangs mitigate solar heat gain
Increasing sea levels call for the project to be elevated above predicted flood levels
DESIGN FOR RESOURCES
DESIGN FOR DISCOVERY
Interactive exhibits allow hands-on experiences with the water treatment process while equipment for the process is visible throughout the site
A careful selection of materials cuts down on the embodied energy required for construction of the project
TOGETHER, REFILL’S 5 BULDINGS ARE CAPABLE OF COLLECTING 762,706 GALLONS OF RAINWATER PER YEAR
INTERACTIVE EXHIBITS ALLOW OCCUPANTS TO LEARN ABOUT AND PLAY WITH THE WATER TREATMENT PROCESS
4 CISTERNS WORK TOGETHER TO ALLOW A STORAGE CAPACITY OF 20,000 GALLONS OF WATER TO OFFSET THE BUILDING’S ESTIMATED DEMAND OF 19,000 GALLONS PER MONTH TOGETHER, REFILL’S 5 BUILDINGS ARE CAPABLE OF GENERATING 1,885,747 KWH PER YEAR FROM THEIR PHOTOVOLTAIC ROOF ARRAYS
LONGITUDINAL SECTION THROUGH WATER TREATMENT CENTER
THE FACILITY PARTNERS WITH LOCAL INSTITUTIONS TO ALLOW STUDENTS TO PARTICIPATE IN RESEARCH INITIATIVES
VOLUNTEERS GREET VISITORS AND OFFER TOURS AROUND THE FACILITY
WATER IS TREATED ON-SITE THROUGH THE USE OF A TURBIDITY PRE-FILTER, A MEMBRANE “ULTRA-FILTER,” AND UV LIGHT DISINFECTION
WATER COLLECTION CISTERNS ARE CLEAR SO OCCUPANTS CAN SEE HOW MUCH WATER IS BEING COLLECTED, STORED, AND UTILIZED
OBSERVATION TANKS ALLOW INJURED ANIMALS TO BE REHABILITED BEFORE BEING RELEASED BACK INTO THE WILD
COLLECTED RAINWATER IS USED FOR TOILET FLUSHING
NATURAL CROSS-VENTILATION CUTS DOWN THE PROJECT’S COOLING LOADS
THE USE OF UV LIGHT DISINFECTION REMOVES THE NEED FOR CHLORINE DISINFECTANTS
TRANSVERSE SECTION THROUGH WILDLIFE CENTER
EXTENDED ROOF OVERHANGS SHADE GLAZING FROM THE SUN DURING THE SUMMER AND ALLOW HEAT GAIN TO OCCUR DURING THE WINTER. SUPERVISED TOUCH TANKS ALLOW VISITORS HANDS-ON INTERACTION WITH THE ISLAND’S WILDLIFE