Muhly BY ALL MEANS

Nico Muhly

BY ALL MEANS for large ensemble

Full score

St Rose Music Publishing Co. / Chester Music Ltd.

Commissioned by the Juilliard School, New York, and the Royal Academy of Music, London.

INSTRUMENTATION Flute Oboe Clarinet in B (doubling Bass Clarinet) Horn in F Trumpet in C Trombone Piano Violin Viola Violoncello

COMPOSER’S NOTE

By All Means stems from a similar interest in the Anglican choral tradition, but with a slightly different set of rules. The commission was from the Juilliard School and the Royal Academy of Music, and it had to do with reacting to (and writing for roughly the same forces as) Webern’s Concerto for nine instruments, op. 24. My own response to this guideline was to focus on the opening three pitches of the row Webern uses, which, to me, produce a very diatonic outline of a B flat major chord. One of the most delicious psychological reactions I have had to most serial music is that my brain tries to turn twelve-tone music into post-Wagnerian tonal harmonies: thick, rich chords brimming with meaning and profound significance. I suffer from this disorder even when presented with the thorniest Wuorinen or the most inscrutable Babbitt. Listening to the row from op. 24, I was immediately reminded of the cross-relations in Weelkes motets, where a G major chord and a G minor chord can appear in the same bar a split second apart. By All Means is a large arch of several textures in which both Weelkes and Webern can coexist and collaborate: the scattered points of Webern’s orchestration organised together by a Tudor resolution, or the shimmering counterpoint of Weelkes sent astray by sudden chromatic variation.

- NICO MUHLY

Duration: c. 9 minutes Full score in C. Orchestral parts are available on hire from the publisher.

BY ALL MEANS

q = 112 Flute

4 4 sff

Oboe

Nico Muhly (2004)

sff

pp

4 4 4 4 p

sff

Horn in F

p

sff

4 4 sff poco vib.

4 4 sff

sff

Viola

gentle swells

poco vib.

3

4 4 mp

Violoncello

p

4 4

sff Violin

pp

sf

sff

Trombone

sff

4 4 sf

Trumpet in C

pp

sff

sff Clarinet in Bb Bass Clarinet

pp

pp

ord.

-->

mp

3

sfmp

4 4 sff

sff

4 4 Piano

sff

sff

4 4

A

9

2 4

Fl.

3 4

4 4

3 8

4 4 sfp

2 4

Ob.

3 4 p

2 4

Cl.

4 4

3

pp

3 4

pp

4 4

freely

p

3

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

pp 3

3

3

pp

2 4

Hn.

3 4

4 4

freely

3

pp

2 4

Tpt.

3 4

4 4

straight mute

pp

2 4

Tbn.

3 4

4 4 sf

2 4

Vln.

-->

3 4

p

ord.

pp

4 4

f

freely poco vib.

Va.

2 4

-->

3 4

ord.

4 4 pp

mp Vc.

2 4 2 4

3 4 3 4

mfz

4 4 4 4

sf

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

pp

sf

sf

Pn.

2 4

3 4

© Copyright 2011 St Rose Publishing Co. and Chester Music Limited.

4 4

p

3 8

4 4

2

17

Fl.

B q = 86

slow pitch bend with lips

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

2 4

4 4

p

4 4

Ob.

p

3

4 4

Cl.

ppp sim.

4 4

Hn.

sempre p

4 4

Tpt.

open

sf

4 4

Tbn.

sf

pizz., l.v.

4 4

Vln.

sul pont.

sff sul pont.

4 4

Va.

pp

pp sul pont.

3

4 4

Vc.

pp

sf

4 4 Pn.

4 4

22

Fl.

sff

ppp

sf

2 4

C 4 4

3

5

3

pp

Ob.

4 4 p espress.

Cl.

pp, delicate

4 4 pp

Hn.

4 4

as above

pp Tpt.

Tbn.

Vln.

4 4 4 4 4 4

arco

pp

Va.

4 4

senza vib. (early music)

pp

Vc.

4 4

4 4

senza vib. (early music)

pp LH Âť

4 4

sf

Pn.

4 4

senza vib. (early music)

ppp pizz.

sff

3

5

3

accel.

29 3

3

Fl.

p

poco mp

Ob.

3

Cl.

pp

mp espress.

pp

Hn.

pp

Tpt.

Tbn. normale Vln.

p

pp

arco senza vib. (early music)

normale

3

3

5

Va.

p

pp

senza vib. (early music)

normale

3

3

5

Vc.

p

pp

mp

Pn.

q = 112

D

34

3 8

Fl.

mf

4 4 ff

sf

3 8

Ob.

4 4

mf espress., cresc. molto

ff

3 8

Cl.

mf

mp cresc. molto

3 8 p

5

5

5

5

sff

3 8

4 4 ff off the string, aggressive

f

3 8

Va.

4 4 ff raunchy, to the fore

f

3 8

Vc.

4 4 ff aggressive

f

3 8

4 4 ff aggressive

Pn.

3 8 mf

3

4 4

f

Vln.

3

sff

3 8 p

3

3

4 4

f

Tbn.

3

sff

3 8 p

3

4 4

f

Tpt.

3

4 4 ff

Hn.

3

sf

4 4

sff

full bows!

5

4

39 3

Fl.

mp 3

3

3

Ob.

mp 5

5

5

5

5

5

Cl. 5

5

mp

sub. f

Hn.

mp

sf

sf 5

Tpt.

mp

mf

sub. f 3

5

Tbn.

mp

mf

f

n

sff

Vln.

mp, athletic

Va.

mp, off the string, athletic

Vc.

f marcato

5

sfp molto cresc.

sff

mp, off the string, athletic 5

5

f secco, to the fore

Pn.

5

5

5

5

rall.

43

Fl.

Ob.

5

Cl.

p Hn.

p

sff

p

sff

Tpt.

Tbn.

n

ff

sff

n

sff sim.

wide vibrato, l.v.

Vln.

sff

sub. ff

sff 5

wide vibrato, l.v.

5

Va.

sub. ff

p

sff

3

3

3

Vc.

sub. ff

p 6

Pn.

6

6

6

6

6

p

mf 3

3

3

3

3

3

5

E q = 84

46 3

3

3

3

Fl.

mf

mp

p

mp 5

5

Ob.

p dolce

mp 6

6

Cl.

mf

p fluttering

Hn.

pp

p

harmon mute *repeat pattern, ignore conductor. Vary the length of rests to achieve a sputtering, random effect.

Tpt.

f (will sound much softer) Tbn.

pizz. slow gliss.

arco poco sul pont.

l.v.

5

5

Vln.

mp

mf

p

arco

pizz. slow gliss.

arco Va.

f

mf

normale - - >

sul pont.

p dolce

--->

normale - - >

Vc.

ppp

pp

ppp

l.v. sempre

Pn.

50

2 4

5

Fl.

sfp

5

mp

mp

sfp

2 4

Ob.

mp

2 4

Cl.

5

mp

mp

sfp

2 4

Hn.

pp (harmon mute)

2 4

Tpt.

p

pp

2 4

Tbn.

p

pizz.

3

Vln.

2 4

3

mp

sf

mp

2 4

Va.

sul pont.

sul pont.

2 4

Vc.

p

pp

n

2 4 Pn.

mp

p stay behind trombone, cloudy sound

2 4

6

6

6

F 57

Fl.

mp

mp

p

mp

p

mp

mp

p

mp

Ob.

Cl.

Hn.

Tpt.

sempre p

Tbn.

arco Vln.

sf

mp espress.

pizz.

arco

Va.

sf

sf

mp espress. pizz.

arco

Vc.

sf

mp espress.

Pn.

G Slightly Faster q = 92 63

4 4

Fl.

mp

p

fp

pp

4 4

Ob.

mp

p

fp

pp

4 4

to Bass Clarinet Cl.

mp

p

*

fp

sempre p, cloudy

4 4

Hn.

*

sempre p, cloudy

4 4

Tpt.

open

p dolce

4 4

Tbn.

*

sempre p, cloudy

Vln.

4 4

senza vibrato

4 4

senza vibrato

4 4

senza vibrato

p

Va.

p

Vc.

p

mp

sfp

4 4 sempre p, cloudy

Pn.

4 4

L.H. 8bv until figure M

pedal through slurred figures

*hold for as long as possible, sneak a breath and re-attack quietly if necessary

7

H 70

Fl.

sff

sfp

ppp 3

3

3

Ob.

pp, dolciss.

f

mp

p

sfp

mf

gentle swells B. Cl.

Hn.

Tpt.

p

Tbn.

Vln.

pp

pp ord.

Va.

mp espress.

mp espress.

ord.

Vc.

mp espress.

sff

Pn.

I

77

3 8

Fl.

mf

6

4 4 pp

3

3 8

Ob.

mp espress.

4 4

mf

f strong

B. Cl.

Hn.

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4 mp

3 8

Tpt.

4 4 mp

mp

3 8

Tbn.

4 4 mp

3 8

Vln.

n

Va.

4 4 f

3 8

p

pp

pp

4 4 mp espress.

Vc.

3 8

4 4

ord.

mp espress.

3 8

4 4 mp espress.

sf

Pn.

3 8

4 4

p

8

J

84

Fl.

pp

p 3

sempre p 3

3

3

Ob.

mp

f

B. Cl.

Hn.

Tpt.

Tbn.

o

o

Vln.

mf

mf

sub. p

mp espress.

Va.

mp espress.

p

p

Vc.

mp espress.

mp espress.

Pn.

90

sempre p

K 3 8

Fl.

mp

4 4

f

5

5

sempre ff

Ob.

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

f B. Cl.

to Clarinet in Bb

sffz

Hn.

Tpt.

pp

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

mf

Tbn.

sffz 3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3 8

Vln.

p

f

mf

Va.

mf

3

3

3

3

3 3

3

3

3 3

3

3

3

Pn.

mp

mp

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

f 3

Vc.

mf

4 4

f

tremolos are to be played "twitchy" - irregular, frantic churning

f blend with winds

p

3 8

4 4

9

95

5

5

5

5

Fl.

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

5

sub. mp

Ob.

sffz

f 5

5

5

Cl.

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

mp Hn.

straight mute Tpt.

pp

pp

sf

3 8

Tbn.

4 4 sfp

sffz

3 8

Vln.

f

sffz

sfp

sim.

irregular & frantic tremolo

3 8

Va.

p

4 4

mp

4 4 sfp

p

3 8

Vc.

4 4 sfp

p

Pn.

3 8

4 4

3 8

4 4

mp

100 5

5

Fl.

3 4

4 4

5

3

sub. mp

5

3

5

mp

sub. p

3 4

Ob.

4 4

sffz

mf espress.

5

Cl.

5

3 4

4 4

5

3

mp 5

5

3

5

mp

sub. p

mp

3 4

Hn.

4 4 sfp

remove mute Tpt.

3 4

open

4 4

sf

sfp

3 4

Tbn.

sffz

3 4

Vln.

4 4 (normal tremolo)

sffz Va.

4 4

3 4

4 4 f

Vc.

irregular, frantic churning

sub. p

4 4 f

3 4

4 4 f

Pn.

3 4

5

3

5

p

sf

3 4

3

sub. p

4 4

3

5

3

10

L Slightly Faster q = 96 105

Fl.

f

sf

f

sf

mf

3

5

3

5

Ob.

mf

Cl.

f

sf

mf

3

Hn.

p

mfz

sf

sf

Tpt.

sf

sf

sfp

Tbn.

sf

sf

pizz.

5

5

5

5

5

5

Vln.

sempre f pizz.

Va.

sempre f pizz.

[The Coventry Carol] 3

3

3

6

3

5

6

6

Vc.

sempre f [The Coventry Carol]

Pn.

3

f

3

3

5

5

M (q = 120)

accel.

109

3 4

Fl.

sf

mp

f

f

p

4 4 ff

3 4

Ob.

sf

mp

f

f

p

4 4 ff

3 4

Cl.

f

sf

mp

f

p

4 4 ff

3 4

Hn.

sf

sf

mf

Tbn.

mf

3

sf

sim.

Tpt.

poco espress.

4 4

3 4

get faster and play with more intensity

3 4

get faster and play with more intensity

4 4 sf

4 4 sf

arco

3 4

Vln. arco start slowly, deliberately and get faster and more intense Va.

mf

4 4 ff

3 4

4 4 ff

arco Vc.

3 4

6

6

4 4 ff

Pn.

f mf

f, excited

3 4

4 4

3 4

4 4

f intense

5

11

N

q = 138

O

116

Fl.

p

sffp

mf

Ob.

p

p dolce

Cl.

p

ppp

mf

Hn.

f

p

Tpt.

f

p

f

p

Tbn.

f

p

f

p

sul pont.

ord.

sf

sf

Vln.

f

sff

sul pont.

mp

f

mp

mp

f

mp

ord.

Va.

f

sff

-->

sul pont.

--> ord

7

Vc.

sff

f 3

sempre sf

mfz

sff

Pn.

f

3

(loco)

124

Fl.

mf

f

Ob.

sf

mf

f

sf

mf

f

Cl.

Hn.

p

mf

Tpt.

Tbn.

Vln.

f

mp

f

mp

mp

f

mp

f

mp

f

mp

f

mp

f

mp

mp

f

mp

f

mp

f

mp

Va.

5

7

5

Vc. 3

Pn.

3

f

f

12 3

P

130

Fl.

f

5

5

3

Ob.

mp 3

3

3

3

3

Cl.

mp

Hn.

p

mf

Tpt.

mp solo

3

Tbn.

sff

f

sff

f

sff

Vln.

f

mp

p

ff

mf

f

mp

p

ff

mf

Va.

Vc.

mf

f

Pn.

3+2 136

3 4

Fl.

5 8 5

f

ff

5 8

ff 3

5 8 3

3

ff

5 8

3 4

5 8

5

3 4

5 8

3

5

5

5

4 4 sff

3 4

5 8

4 4 ff off the string, aggressive

3 4

5 8

4 4 ff raunchy, to the fore

ff Vc.

3

sff

ff

Va.

3

3

4 4

p cresc. molto

Vln.

3

sff

f

Tbn.

3

4 4

p cresc. molto

Tpt.

3

4 4

ff

3 4

Hn.

4 4

sub. p cresc. molto

3 4

Cl.

4 4

6

3 4

Ob.

Q

3 4

5 8

4 4

mp

3 4

ff aggressive

5 8

4 4 sfff

Pn.

3 4

5 8

4 4 lowest cluster, use both forearms on white & black notes

sff

full bows!

5

13

141

9 8

Fl.

4 4 p

3

3

sub. f

9 8

Ob.

9 8

4 4

3

mf

3

3

9 8 5

9 8 sf

9 8

5 4

9 8

4 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

4 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

sub. f

9 8

5 4

mf

4 4

5

Hn.

9 8 mp dolce

9 8

3

sub. f

Cl.

5 4

5

5

mf

sff

9 8

Tpt.

sfp take mute

9 8

Tbn.

f articulate, to the fore

sfp

4 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

4 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

sff

9 8

Vln.

p

sub. f

9 8

Va.

4 4 p

p

146

9 8 mp dolce

9 8 sub. f

9 8

5 4

mf

4 4

Pn.

Fl.

5

9 8 mp dolce

9 8 sub. f

9 8

5 4

mf

4 4

5

mp dolce

9 8 sub. f

9 8

Vc.

mf

5 4

9 8

mf

mfz

4 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

5 4

9 8

5 4

5 4

9 8

5 4

5 4

9 8

R 9 8

5 4

9 8 mf

Ob.

9 8

5 4

9 8 mf

sf

Cl.

Hn.

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8 sf

9 8

mf

sf

9 8

5 4

9 8 f

Tbn.

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

mp muted

9 8

5 4 sfp

5 4

Vc.

p

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

sf

9 8

5 4 mf

Va.

5 4 sf

sf Vln.

5 4

sf

sf Tpt.

sub. mp

sub. mp

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

9 8

5 4

mfz

Pn.

9 8

5 4

mf sf

mfz

9 8

sf

blend with oboe

5 4

sf

9 8

5 4

14

151

Fl.

5 4

4 4 mf

p

f

5 4

Ob.

5 4

4 4

5 4

4 4 f

mf

5 4

9 8 sf

p

Cl.

9 8

4 4

4 4

mp

5 4

mf

9 8

4 4

p

f

mf

5 4

Hn.

4 4

5 4

9 8

4 4

mp

5 4

Tpt.

4 4

5 4

mf

mp

5 4

Tbn.

solo molto espress.

f

4 4

5 4

mf

9 8

4 4

9 8

4 4

9 8

4 4

p

open

sfp

5 4

Vln.

4 4 mf

f

f

5 4

Va.

4 4 mf

5 4

9 8

4 4 f

f

5 4

Vc.

5 4

4 4 mf

5 4

9 8

4 4 f

f

5 4

4 4

5 4

9 8

4 4

mp

Pn.

5 4

4 4

f

5 4

9 8

4 4

S 155

Fl.

4 4 p

Ob.

Cl.

Hn.

Tpt.

4 4

f

obnoxious, insistent

p

f

p

f

4 4 4 4 4 4

solo molto espress.

mf

Tbn.

4 4 mfz

Vln.

pizz.

4 4

sf

Va.

pizz.

4 4

(sempre pizz.)

sf

Vc.

sf

mfz (arco)

4 4

mfz

4 4 Pn.

4 4

sff secco

mp delicate

sf

T

15

Beat in 4 q = K q = 92 160

Beat in 2 accel.

3

4 8

Fl.

2 4 6

deliberately, detached 6

4 8

Ob.

6

6 6

6

6

6

6

6

pp 6

6

6

2 4

pp 3

4 8

Cl.

3

3

3

2 4

deliberately, detached

pp

4 8

Hn.

2 4 pp

p

4 8

Tpt.

2 4 sempre mf - always somewhat to the fore

4 8

Tbn.

Vln.

2 4

4 8

arco

4 8

arco

sf

2 4

p

Va.

sf

2 4

p

4 8

Vc.

2 4 p

4 8

2 4

4 8

2 4

mf

Pn.

U q = 132 167

4 4

Fl.

3 4 mp

4 4

Ob.

pp

mp

3 4 mp

n

4 4

Cl.

3 4 mp

4 4

Hn.

3 4 mp cantabile

Tpt.

Tbn.

4 4

3 4

4 4

3 4 mp cantabile

4 4

Vln.

f Va.

3 4 p

pizz.

4 4

mp

p

f

4 4

Vc.

3 4 p

f

(both hands 8va)

4 4

3 4 mfz

Pn.

4 4

3 4

mp

3 4

16

173

Fl.

3 4

5 4

4 4 mf

3 4

Ob.

sf

5 4

4 4 mf

3 4

Cl.

sf

3 4

4 4 sf

Tbn.

4 4

3 4

5 4

4 4

3 4

5 4

4 4

3 4

5 4 p

f

pizz.

5 4

mp

senza vib.

mf

arco

3 4

Va.

mp

f

mf

Vln.

mf

sf

mf

5 4 mf

Tpt.

mf

sf

mf

5 4 mf

Hn.

mf

sf

mf

4 4

sul pont.

4 4

mp

sf

arco

mf

sul pont.

sf

mp

poco sul pont.

3 4

Vc.

5 4

4 4 f

loco

3 4

5 4

4 4

5 4

4 4

Pn.

3 4

mf

V 179

Fl.

4 4 sff

Ob.

pp

sff

4 4 sff

Cl.

sff

4 4 sff

Hn.

p

sf

p

p

sf

Vc.

sf

sff

sf

sff

p

4 4 4 4

sul pont.

ord.

p

sff

Va.

p

4 4

sff

Vln.

sff

p

sff Tbn.

5

4 4 sf

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pp

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ord.

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sf

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ord.

sf

3

sff

3

3

mp

mp

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ord.

sff

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sul pont.

sf

sff

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17

W

186

2+3

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ff

pp

f

f

5

pp

ff

f

p

sf

sff

sf

3

ord.

sff

X 194

2+3

4 4 sff

4 4 sff

sff

sff

4 4

4 4 sempre sf

5 8 sempre sf

5 8 sff

sff

sff

Vc.

5 8

4 4

5 8

4 4

sempre sf

sff

4 4

sf 3

5 8

mp

5 8

sff

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sf

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sff

3

mf cantabile

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4 4

mp

4 4

Pn.

4 4 sempre sf

sff

sff

Va.

4 4

p

4 4

4 4

4 4 sempre sf

sff

4 4

mp

Vln.

5 8 sff

sf

mp

Tbn.

4 4

5 8

sf

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sff

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5 8 pp

sff

Cl.

4 4

5 4

4 4

5 4

4 4

5 4

4 4

5 4

4 4

5 4

4 4

ff

sff

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5 4

sf

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sf

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sf

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mp

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sf

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p

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sf

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ff

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p

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ff

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ff

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5 8

4 4

5 8

4 4

sff

18

202

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Fl.

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f

3

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f

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3

mf cantabile

3

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3

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4 4

3

3

f

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2 4

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3

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sff

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4 4

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3

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3

3

3

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3

mf cantabile

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sf

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3

209

3

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3

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3

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3

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sf

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3

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ff

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5

3

f

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5

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5 3

3

4 4

3 3

5

5

sf

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ff

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5

3

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f

3

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3

mf cantabile

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f 3

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3

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3

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4 4

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f

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ff

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216

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3

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p

3

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ff

mf

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mf

p

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sfp

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p

f

p

f

3

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sfp

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sf

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20

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230

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3 4

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4 4

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p

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mf

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mf

3 8

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3 4

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3 4

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3 4

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4 4

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p

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3 8

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sf

sf

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p

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freely Vln.

mf

p

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3 8

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3 4

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5

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p sff

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p

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sff

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240

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Fl.

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f

p

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4 4

2 4

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4 4

2 4

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2 4

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4 4

3 8

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3 8

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3 8

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4 4

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3 8

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f

Ob.

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Cl.

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to Bass Clarinet

f

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sfp

sf

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2 4

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sfp

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2 4

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sf

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pizz.

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p

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p

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p

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21

C1 247

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p

ff

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mp to Clarinet in Bb

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p

f

p

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p

4 4

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p

4 4

Tbn.

p

4 4

Vln.

pulses sempre f

4 4

Va.

poco vib.

f

p

pulses sempre f

4 4

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molto vib., molto espress.

4 4 5

6

7

mp

Pn.

4 4

D1 255

3 8

Fl.

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ff

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2 4

3 4

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f

(ff)

3 8

Cl.

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2 4

3 4

2 4

3 4

pp hushed

5

ff ecstatic, uncontrolled

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pp hushed

5

ff ecstatic, uncontrolled Tbn.

2 4 pp hushed

ff ecstatic, uncontrolled Tpt.

3 4

pp hushed

ff ecstatic, uncontrolled Hn.

2 4

sff

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2 4

3 8

2 4

f pizz.

3 4

ff molto vib., molto espress.

Va.

3 4

ff

(ff)

3 8

Vc.

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ff

3 8 Pn.

ff ecstatic, uncontrolled

2 4

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3 8

2 4

3 4

22

260

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4 4 f

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sf

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3

4 4

5

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4 4 f

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sf

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4 4 f

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sf

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4 4 f

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sf

crazed

sf

mp

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4 4 5 5

f

sf

3

arco Vln.

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4 4 f twitchy

Va.

Vc.

3 4 3 4

5

sf

5

sf

3

4 4 4 4

sf

3 4

4 4

3 4

4 4

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sub.p

sf