KALEIDOSCOPH 10th Edition

THE OFFICIAL MAGAZINE OF STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

KALEIDOSCOPH NEWS

LOCAL

PEOPLE

“EMPOWERING MEDICAL STUDENTS, IMPROVING NATION’S HEALTH” “EMPOWERING MEDICAL STUDENTS, NATION’S HEALTH” -CENTER FOR INDONESIAN MEDICALIMPROVING STUDENTS’ ACTIVITIES-CENTER FOR INDONESIAN MEDICAL STUDENTS’ ACTIVITIES-

JULY - OCTOBER 2016 volume 10 OCTOBER MEETING EDITION WWW.SCOPH.CIMSA.OR.ID

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC

HEALTH

1

PREFACE

4

ABOUT SCOPH

8

SCOPH CIMSA ACTIVITIES

People

CONTENTS JULY - OCTOBER 2016 EDITION

11

MEET NPC 2016 / 2017

14

MEET LPOs 2016 / 2017

17

MEET SCOPH -D 2016 / 2017

Local 21

PREDICTION MSCIA UB

24

DOKCIL CIMSA UNPAD

27

GAP EXCHANGE 2016

News 32

WCFD CHALLENGE

35

ZIKA OUTBREAK

PRE FACE

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

MESSAGE FROM EDITOR Hi Scopheroes!

First of all we would like to thank God for giving us the opportunity to publish the Tenth edition of Kaleidoscoph magazine.

Kaleidoscoph is one of the main publication aspect in Standing Committee on Public Health CIMSA, which from last year edition, it consisted about News, Local and People.

Then we would like to say thank you for all of the parties which involved in completing this magazine by sharing the media also information.

It is a pleasure for us publishing this magazine, and hopefully by sharing the information through this magazine, SCOPHeroes CIMSA will get more knowledge.

So, lets get start to read this magazine guys!

Best regards, Raditya Widyo Ananto & Febry Anriyani Putri Media Communication Coordinator & Media Communication Team 2016/2017

KALEIDOSCOPH 2

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

MESSAGE FROM OUR NPO Dearest SCOPHeroes, Standing Committee on Public Health has always been a place for medical students to improve themselves as well as the quality of public health in the society. In CIMSA, we reach out and bring about impacts to the society through a series of preventive, promotive, and educative activities toward non-communicable diseases and communicable diseases.

In the last 15 years, we have been involved in a number of exciting activities in local, national, and international levels. We are also thankful to the previous NPCs and LPOs for their loyalties and services in developing this standing committee.

Nonetheless, we are proud to have you, SCOPHeroes, in our family which have helped us in accomplishing many achievements.

In order to keep on developing, SCOPH CIMSA faces a set of new challenges every year. In fact, starting this term, CIMSA aims to support the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Thus, it is our time to equip ourselves with updated knowledge and skills in order to help with the upcoming public health issues around us.

With so many updates to share, National Public Health Committee 2016/2017 is proud to present KaleidoSCOPH #10. With this media, we hope that every SCOPHero can be inspired to keep on bringing positive impacts to the society, as well as improving our internal and external relations.

Let’s Keep On Improving Nation’s Health, Shall We? Orange Hugs, Nathania Raphaeli Mulia National Public Health Officer CIMSA 2016/2017

KALEIDOSCOPH 3

ABOUT SCOPH

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

ABOUT SCOPH SCOPH (Standing Committee on Public Health) was established in 1952 by medical students of International Federation of Medical Student Associations. SCOPH aims to develop the ability to cooperate on and explore ideas of public health related issues including global health issues, health regulations and activities that are related with education and promotion of health. With proper health education for all elements of society, we hope health problems the in community, including heart disease, vascular disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Cancer, Smoking and Alcoholism, will decrease. SCOPH CIMSA was estabilished in 1999, in Semarang, Central Java.

SCOPH, led by an NPO (National Public Health Officer), is engaged in the field of public health, community development, and many other public health issues such as social determinants on health, noncommunicable diseases, universal health care (health financing), and infectious diseases. The scope of SCOPH is quite broad.

SCOPH works in primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention. We believe that preventive medicine is better than curative medicine.

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STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

OUR GOALS • • • •

To improve awareness and knowledge of the community about public health.

To trigger Indonesian medical students‘ awareness about public health related issues.

To facilitate Indonesian medical students‘ activities in public health.

To provide opportunities for medical student’s to be involved in real work concerning public health.

• To create programmes (of public health) that are fit for Indonesia‘s current conditions and needs.

• To cooperate and to build partnerships with governmental organizations and/or non-governmental organizations.

KALEIDOSCOPH 6

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

SCOPH COVERED AREA Health Promotion

Universal Health Coverage

Social & Environmental Determinants of Health (SDH)

Health In All Policies (HiAP)

Global Health, International Health and Public Health

KALEIDOSCOPH 7

SCOPH

CIMSA ACTIVITIES

SCOPH CIMSA ACTIVITIES JULY 2016 - MAY 2017 MAY

WORLD CAR FREE DAY SEPTEMBER

OCTOBER

FEBRUARY

WORLD NO TOBACCO DAY

OCTOBER MEETING 2016

NATIONAL LEADERSHIP SUMMIT 2017

MAY MEETING 2017

WORLD DIABETES DAY NOVEMBER

YOUTH COLLABORATION TOWARDS ACTION (YCTA) MARCH

SCOPH CIMSA ACTIVITIES JULY 2016 - MAY 2017 MAY

WORLD CAR FREE DAY SEPTEMBER

OCTOBER

FEBRUARY

WORLD NO TOBACCO DAY

OCTOBER MEETING 2016

NATIONAL LEADERSHIP SUMMIT 2017

MAY MEETING 2017

WORLD DIABETES DAY NOVEMBER

YOUTH COLLABORATION TOWARDS ACTION (YCTA) MARCH

MEET THE NPC NPO SECGEN PC VNI TREASURER MCC VNE FNMC EOS

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH COMMITTEE 2016 / 2017

Regi Azistha Amri Vice National Public Health Officer for Internal Affairs

Nathania Raphaeli Mulia National Public Health Officer

Widya Ramadhanti Vice National Public Health Officer for External Affairs

Sekar Kinanti Treasurer

Sherly Trisna Handayani Project Coordinator

Fany Lukinaning Tyas Secretary General

KALEIDOSCOPH 12

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

Raditya Widyo Ananto Media and Communication Coordinator

Almas Machilla Chabbaty Fundraising and Merchandise Coordinator

Ajrina Rarasrum Executive Observer and Supervisor

Elian Devina Executive Observer and Supervisor

KALEIDOSCOPH 13

MEET THE LPOs 19 LOCALS 2 OBSERVERS

SCOPH

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

local PUBLIC HEALTH officers 2016 / 2017

NADHIRA DANISWARA LPO CIMSA UNAND

ardhila lovi HASINOFA lpo MSCIA UB

ULFA NOVIRWAN LPO CIMSA UISU

NANDA RIZKY FITRIANI SYAHRUDIN LPO CIMSA UNAIR

AFIFAH NUR ALIYYAH LPO CIMSA UNISSULA

YULINDA SURYA CAHYANI PUTRI LPO MMSA UMY

DICKY PANDITATWA LPO CIMSA UGM

ANNISA LUTHFI HAPSARI LPO CIMSA UIN

FAIRUS MAJID LPO CIMSA UMS

DEDE ARISTA SURYA DYATMIKA LPO CIMSA UWKS

NADIYYA HANAN IZZATI LPO CIMSA UNSYIAH

SEPTIAN ANJASMARA LPO CIMSA UNIMAL

KALEIDOSCOPH 15

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

Bunga Fatimah LPO CIMSA UNS

Nigel Boeky LPO CIMSA UKDW

Azka Y Kamilah LPO CIMSA UNAIR

Pranadya Chandradewi LPO CIMSA UNISBA

Stefany Tanto LPO CIMSA UPH

Rizkha Meilia Tanika LPO CIMSA UR

OBSERVER ANDREA YACOBUS UNIVERSITAS JEMBER

Nadya Ratu Aziza Fuady UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PURWOKERTO

KALEIDOSCOPH 16

PaviTA LPO CIMSA UI

An Orange Hello to you all from Switzerland !

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

A MESSAGE FROM SCOPH - DIRECTOR IFMSA 2016 / 2017 Dear CIMSA SCOPHeroes, An Orange Hello to you all from Switzerland!

My name is Eleonora Frau, I am 23 years old, and last June I finished my third year in Med school. During the last August Meeting in Puebla, Mexico I was elected as the new Standing Committee on Public Health Director (“SCOPH-D”) for the 2016/2017 Term.

The Term officially started on the 1st of October, but I have already been super busy with various tasks since September! In particular, I have been busy interviewing applicants for the Regional Assistant positions, as well as creating my Annual Working Plan for the year.

The SCOPH Regional Assistant for the Asia-Pacific Region 2016/17 is Nishwa from IFMSA-Pakistan. I am so excited for you to get to know her!! We are hoping to see an orange explosion in the Asia-Pacific Region this year!!

KALEIDOSCOPH 18

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

During this year you will have the possibility to participate in many different events. As follows, I would like to describe a few of the major ones that might interest you:

Aside from Meetings, there are many other opportunities you can look forward to. I will only name a couple, but feel free to approach your National Public Health Officer (Nathania), or your Regional Assistant (Nishwa) for more information!

• General Assembly, March Meeting, Montenegro [2nd - 8th of March]: SCOPH Sessions in the morning, Plenary Sessions in the evenings, Training Sessions, Social Program at night, and a Theme Event on “Transplantation and Organ Donation” - what more could you want? Do not miss this incredible opportunity!

• SCOPH Exchanges: ever wanted to see what type of Public Health legislation there is in another country? How different Health Systems can be? How an NGO works? SCOPH Exchanges is the perfect opportunity to travel to another country and gain precious experience in Public Health! Officially, SCOPH does not have Regulations or Guidelines for these exchanges yet, but some countries are already organizing exchanges nonetheless!

• General Assembly, August Meeting, Tanzania [early August]: I am not aware of the Theme yet, so I will just add a little bit more about these meetings in general: General Assemblies are an amazing opportunity to meet people from all over the world, fill up on motivation and energy, get new ideas for Activities, and most of all develop intercultural skills and create lasting friendships for the rest of your life. If you have never been to a GA, you really want to place it high on your ‘To-Do’ list. It is the experience of a lifetime!

• Public Health Leadership Training (PHLT): Three days, 15 participants, 2-3 facilitators and so much to learn! In a PHLT you will develop both your knowledge about various Public Health topics, as well as all the soft skills useful to be a leader in Public Health. Interested..? Let us know!

I hope to have inspired you a little bit, and given you an ‘international overview’ of all the opportunities you can take advantage of.

Please do not hesitate to approach any official (NPO, RA, SCOPH-D) for any extra information, if you have ideas for a new activity, campaign, or anything else. We are here for you!!!

• Asia-Pacific Regional Meeting, Kazakhstan [4th - 8th of July]: A Regional Meeting is smaller than a GA, but it is no less motivating. The Regional Assistant will be responsible for the SCOPH Sessions, but I will be there too! A Regional Meeting is the perfect opportunity to get to know your colleagues from the Region, get new ideas for Activities, create collaborations, address Public Health issues together, as well as develop soft skills such as Time Management, Leadership, and/or Communication. Save the date!

Extending you all very very Orange Hugs, Ella

KALEIDOSCOPH 19

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

( SCOPH Sessions, August Meeting 2016, Puebla, Mexico )

( Public Health Leadership Training pre-GA, Mexico City, Mexico )

KALEIDOSCOPH 20

PREDICTION Prevent Diabetes with Action By: SCOPH MSCIA UB

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

PREDICTION A

n event from MSCIA UB to celebrate World Diabetes Day 2015 is called PREDICTION (Prevent Diabetes with Action). This event had been held 3 days which very success and interesting. This event was for celebrate world diabetes day and to showed that MSCIA so concern with health in Indonesia. This event used to be to increase the knowledge of people about diabetes mellitus and how to prevent it.

And also to showed that FKUB student concern with diabetes patients through counseling and free medical check up. Series of this event were TOT (Training of Trainer) to volunteers, counseling, and at the end is peak of the event. TOT was held on 1 November 2015 in FKUB. The volunteers learned about diabetes, how to diagnose, prevent complication, and medical treatment for mini medical check up. Day 2 was held on 7 November 2015 at Balai RW 5 Celaket Malang for free medical check up that are blood glucose test, BMI, blood pressure, and cuonselling by doctors. Day 3 was held on 15 November 2015 at Car Free Day Ijen. The crews built stand for free blood glucose test and to make the event more interesting, there were some competition with gift for the winner, signing the petition for Diabetes, and ended with flash mob, free balloon for people, and confetti.

Good planning and readiness from the crews also related parties such as Persadia, Kalimaya Baskara and malang post made this event was successful and inspirational. The successful of this event doesn't mean because without obstacles on it but it means that the crews could solve perfectly the problems .

May everything that happen can make better team work and try to make as best as crews can until reach the expectation.

KALEIDOSCOPH 22

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

DOCUMENTATION BY: SCOPH MSCIA UB

KALEIDOSCOPH 23

CAPTAIN DOKCIL By: SCOPH CIMSA Lokal UNPAD

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

C

aptain Dokcil is followed by 30 students from 3 different school, it is, Kananga Elementary Schools, Neglasari Elementary School, and Cisempur Elementary school. This project is held with 5 times of meeting, which consist of 3 times of training: Saturday, August 27th 2016 in Kananga Elementary School; Saturday, September 3rd, 2016 in Padjadjaran Clinic; Saturday, September 10th, 2016 in the Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University. This training is facilitated with giving a modul for every participant. The material of the training is given by a Doctor from Padjadjaran Clinic and supported by SCOPH member itself. And in every training we a had pre-test and post-test.

Then, Saturday, September 17th, 2016 in the Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University, we held an examination for our Captain Dokcil with some Method, which is MDE and OSCE with 4 exam material (Hand washing, Tooth brushing, weight measurement, and first aid practicing). And then, for the last, in Tuesday, September 20th2016, we had an inauguration for our Captain Dokcil for each Elementary school where takes place in each Elementary School.

With this project, we hope that our Captain Dokcil are able to be Health Ambassador and Peer-educator for their friends and their surroundings. So that, they can increase percentage of PHBS at least in Jatinangor

KALEIDOSCOPH 25

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

A

ccording to BPSI (Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia), In 2015, West Java has 19.981 Elementary School, with total student’s about 1.719.699 students from 26.504.160 students of Elementary School all over Indonesia. This number takes part about 10.4% of the total population in Indonesia. It can be seen that, the precentage of childern with Elementary School’s age have a quite big portion in developing the aspect of life in Indonesia.

Health development is held to increase awareness, willingness, and ability to live the healthy life for every person in order to achieve the highest level of Public Health.

Many health problems that occurred in children with school’s age, for example, errors in practicing Hygienic and Healthy Behavior (PHBS). National’s data shows that the precentage of housholds with good Hygienic and Healthy Behavior is about 56.58% and with this we know that this percentage has to be increased.

Therefore, we, SCOPH CIMSA FK UNPAD held a project called CAPTAIN DOKCIL which is a medium to develop Dokter Kecil as a frame of Health Ambassador in their own school. These Captain Dokcil are taken from 4th and 5th grade of Elementary School in Jatinangor, West Java.

KALEIDOSCOPH 26

GAP

EXCHANGE

Global Action Project 2016 By: SCOPH & SCORE CIMSA LOKAL UNS & UNSYIAH

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

GAP EXCHANGE 2016 GAP Exchange is a project that held by SCOPH and SCORE. In this year, GAP was implemented by two local CIMSA, UNS and also Unsyiah. The main theme is to raise the awareness about the disease that is generally overlooked in tropical area or commonly called Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs).

Where the activities consists of several things: Lecture / Training / Tutorial, Fieldwork, Research Lab. According to the CDC in 2015, the prevalence of NTDs is still high in 150 countries with more than 1 billion people are infected, 500,000 patients die each year.

Generally, most people still consider the disease is not dangerous and are afraid to see a doctor. Although the death rate caused by neglected tropical diseases is still relatively low, but the level of disability due to the disease is so high that it affects the quality of life of sufferers and can hamper the productivity of society and eliminate the chance for a normal life. The children affected by NTDs can disrupt children to school, adding the burden of risk factors for malnutrition, and interfere with child development. Therefore, NTDs are endemic disease topics to be appointed as the theme this time GAP Exchange.

Therefore the project report Activities from CIMSA lokal UNS and Unsyiah.

KALEIDOSCOPH 28

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

GAP Exchange CIMSA UNS GAP Exchange at this time CIMSA UNS got 4 incomings to help the project passes this time, they are Theresa Schimanski from Germany, Alina Lakosa of Hungary, Marta Taxes from Poland, and Dayana from Canada.

Prior to the Welcoming Party, 3 of 4 incomings who came namely Alina, Theresa, and Dayana gave a presentation on NTDs in their respective countries on the Mini Seminar. In their country, really is not too much of a problem about NTDs Dayana only in countries that have concerns about NTDs so that they present about the health system in their country. In addition, they received material about NTDs in Indonesia by FK UNS Parasitology Laboratory Assistant. Then the incomings and the committee can get to know each other, Welcoming Party is held at Solo Bistro, in this event, we had dinner together, tell stories, play games and photos together.

The following week, incomings obtain supplies of Public Health, the introduction of the Laboratory of Parasitology at FK UNS, and material on the soil-transmitted disease. In the next week, the incomings and the committee went into the field by visiting SDN Barakan Boyolali for educating high school students about healthy behavior. Then we took a sample for test it later in the Parasitology Laboratory FK UNS. In addition to expanding the horizons incomings, we visited dr. Moewardi hospital to learn about Tuberculosis. Here the incomings get materials about tuberculosis, visit the lab section, wards and clinics, their enthusiasm is very high, can be seen when they are very excited to enter the area which is actually an isolation area.

After that, they analyzed the results of their research and discussions, accompanied by lecturers from FK UNS for the preparation of reports and presentations. After that, they presented the results of their research.

On the sidelines of their busy, we had a very exciting Social Program by visiting places around Solo. Such as visiting Kasunanan, Burberry Solo and Solo typical meal Strait. We also visited Tawang Mangu to enjoy the view of the tea gardens in Ndoro Dongker, playing in Grojogan Sewu and take pictures in Cetho. We also visited the Prambanan and eating Gudheg Jogja. Then the activity of the most intriguing is the visit to SMK 8 Surakarta which is an art school in Solo, here they can see traditional dance of Java, watch puppet to try playing puppet, see gamelan and also trying to play instruments that exist in the art of gamelan music. The incomings also visited Kampung Batik Laweyan to look around and learn about batik.

KALEIDOSCOPH 29

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

GAP Exchange CIMSA UNSYIAH Banda Aceh, Center for Indonesian Medical Students' Activities (CIMSA) especially SCORE and SCOPH CIMSA Unsyiah got a chance to carry out the activities of the Global Action Project. In this activity SCORE and SCOPH CIMSA Unsyiah received visits from two foreign students who came from Egypt to participate in this activity. Activities carried out within one month aims to investigate outbreaks still occur in Aceh until today. The epidemic is named filariasis (called in medical language) or elephantiasis (a term commonly used by citizens).

The event consists of a series of activities. The first activity was welcome to both foreign students (Welcoming Party). Furthermore, on 2-4 August 2016 carried out the delivery of material and Skills lab on lymphatic filariasis by Doctor Faculty of Medicine, University of Syiah Kuala. The first day of August 2, 2016 Dr.rer.nat.dr.Muhsin deliver material on Pathogenesis of Lymphatic Filariasis. The next day dr.Masra Lena Siregar, Sp.PD and dr.Iman Nurrahman deliver material on Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphatic Filariasis and the Role of Government in LF Elimination. The next day carried Skills Lab by Mariam Dra.Tjut Zanaria, MS on Finger Prick and manufacture of blood smears. In addition to conducting research, the foreign students are also invited to tour the city of Banda Aceh. As tsunami museum, rumoh Aceh, Lampuuk beach, white sand, desert blang field, Aceh markets, bookstores, restaurants Aceh and Aceh through round use public transport that is Transkutaraja. This event is done outside lecture is on Saturday and Sunday.

The next week carried out blood sampling in the Village residents who Cot Mancang subdistrict of Kuta Baro. This event is done from 20:00 pm-22 o'clock pm, the event begins with counseling delivered by Dr.rer.nat.dr.Muhsin, and then performed filling the questionnaire by the citizens, and sampling were carried out from 21.00 pm - finish. The next day staining and identification of blood samples have been taken yesterday. Once identification is completed, the identification will publish to Gampong Cot Mancang.

The last week in August is the last week for foreign students to conduct research activities in Aceh. activities will be carried out with an explanation of the presentation of the foreign students after doing research on filariasis for a month here. Furthermore, before they return to their country CIMSA Unsyiah SCORE will take their tour to the island of Sabang as well as to perform farewell party or a farewell to them.

KALEIDOSCOPH 30

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

DOCUMENTATION OF GAP EXCHANGE 2016

Social Program

LAB Activities

Welcoming Party

Lecture

Hospital Visit

KALEIDOSCOPH 31

WORLD CAR

FREE DAY

CAMPAIGN #FeelTheFreshAir

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

A GLIMPSE OF WORLD CAR FREE DAY Source: www.carfreedayindonesia.org

Car Free Day is a campaign to reduce the level of air pollution in major cities around the world are caused by motor vehicle. Starting on November 25, 1956, the Dutch implementing Car Free Day every Sunday, then France in 1995 implemented a feast commemorating the Green Transport Week in the city of Bath, all the citizen took went to the streets for celebrating the event. This is a long trip history activities Car Free Day, which in the end this event is celebrated every September 22 worldwide.

The Measured Parameters were PM10, SO2, NO, NO2, CO and O3. The result is clearly visible of the improvement in air quality improvement in the implementation of the Car Free Day.

KALEIDOSCOPH 33

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

CONGRATULATIONS AS THE WINNER OF

WCFD CHALLENGE! ANNISA LUTHFI - SCOPH CIMSA LOKAL UIN

“Get yourself lost in nature. It will nurture ur soul, body, and mind”

ERRA IRHAMNI - SCOPH CIMSA LOKAL UMS

“Polusi mempunyai dampak yang buruk bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan, untuk itu kita perlu bertindak, dimulai dari hal yang kecil dan dari diri kita masing-masing misalnya saja dengan berjalan kaki.

Dengan berjalan kita mampu mengurangi jumlah polusi sekitar, dengan gitu kita juga mengurangi tingkat kerusakan bumi kita, bahkan itu juga bermanfaat buat kesehatan kita.

Selain itu juga kita berperan menjaga kesehatan orang lain bukan?

So,tunggu apalagi mulailah berjalan, Mari kita jaga lingkungan dan orang-orang yang kita sayang.

We support WCFD”

Ola Kasturi - SCOPH CIMSA Lokal UNSYIAH

“Dengan tujuan bisa sampai ke puncak butuh kerja sama dan dukungan bersama, "naik bareng-bareng sampai juga harus bareng".

Today's World Car Free Day!! kondisi udara diatas sana paling menang sama yang dibawah, karena untuk naik ke atas sana harus bebas polusi. “

KALEIDOSCOPH 34

ZIKA VIRUS OUTBREAK

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

ZIKA-OUTBREAK! Source: www.cdc.gov/zika

What is Zika?

Zika and Microchepaly

Zika virus was first discovered in 1947 and is named after the Zika Forest in Uganda. In 1952, the first human cases of Zika were detected and since then, outbreaks of Zika have been reported in tropical Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Islands. Zika outbreaks have probably occurred in many locations. Before 2007, at least 14 cases of Zika had been documented, although other cases were likely to have occurred and were not reported.

Because the symptoms of Zika are similar to those of many other diseases, many cases may not have been recognized.

Microcephaly is a birth defect where a baby’s head is smaller than expected when compared to babies of the same sex and age.

Babies with microcephaly often have smaller brains that might not have developed properly.

Zika virus disease is caused by the Zika virus, which is spread to people primarily through the bite of an infected mosquito (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus). The illness is usually mild with symptoms lasting up to a week, and many people do not have symptoms or will have only mild symptoms. However, Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause a serious birth defect called microcephaly and other severe brain defects.

Zika virus infection during pregnancy is a cause of microcephaly and other severe fetal brain defects and has been linked to problems in infants, including eye defects, hearing loss, and impaired growth. Scientists are studying the full range of other potential health problems that Zika virus infection during pregnancy may cause.

Other possible causes of microcephaly: Microcephaly can happen for many reasons.

Some babies have microcephaly because of 1. Changes in their genes 2. Certain infections during pregnancy 3. A woman being close to or touching toxins during pregnancy In addition to microcephaly, other problems have been detected among fetuses and infants infected with Zika virus before birth, such as eye defects, hearing loss, and impaired growth. Although Zika virus is a cause of microcephaly and other severe fetal brain defects and has been linked with these other problems in infants, there is more to learn.

Researchers are collecting data to better understand the extent Zika virus impact on mothers and their children.

KALEIDOSCOPH 36

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

Treatment

Zika Symptoms

There is no specific medicine or vaccine for Zika virus.

• Treat the symptoms.

• Get plenty of rest.

• Drink fluids to prevent dehydration.

• Take medicine such as acetaminophen (Tylenol®) or paracetamol to reduce fever and pain.

• Do not take aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) until dengue can be ruled out to reduce the risk of bleeding.

• If you are taking medicine for another medical condition, talk to your healthcare provider before taking additional medication.

Many people infected with Zika wont have symptoms or will only have mild symptoms. The most common symptoms are fever, rash, joint pain, or red eyes. Other common symptoms include muscle pain and headache. Symptoms can last for several day to week. People usually don’t get sick enough to go to the hospital, and the very rarely die of Zika. Once a person has been infected with Zika, they are likely to be protected ftom future infections

How is Zika diagnosed?

To diagnose Zika, your doctor will ask you about recent travel and symptoms you may have, and collect blood or urine to test for Zika or similar viruses.

What can people do to prevent Zika?

The best way to prevent Zika is to protect yourself and your family from mosquito bites: •Use Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered insect repellents •Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants •Sleep under a mosquito bed net if air conditioned or screened rooms are not available or if sleeping outdoors.

Zika can be spread by a person infected with Zika to his or her sex partners. Condoms can reduce the chance of getting Zika from sex. Condoms include male and female condoms.

To be effective, condoms should be used from start to finish, every time during vaginal, anal, and oral sex and the sharing of sex toys. Not having sex eliminates the risk of getting Zika from sex. Pregnant couples with a partner who traveled to or lives in an area with Zika should use condoms every time they have sex or not have sex during the pregnancy.

KALEIDOSCOPH 37

STANDING COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH

How Zika spreads?

•Mosquito bites Zika virus is transmitted to people primarily through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus). These are the same mosquitoes that spread dengue and chikungunya viruses.

These mosquitoes typically lay eggs in and near standing water in things like buckets, bowls, animal dishes, flower pots and vases. They prefer to bite people, and live indoors and outdoors near people.

Mosquitoes that spread chikungunya, dengue, and Zika are aggressive daytime biters, but they can also bite at night.

Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on a person already infected with the virus. Infected mosquitoes can then spread the virus to other people through bites

•Blood transfusion (very likely but not confirmed) Prior to the current outbreak, there were four reports of laboratory acquired Zika virus infections, although the route of transmission was not clearly established in all cases. As of June 15, 2016, there has been one reported case of laboratory-acquired Zika virus disease in the United States •Sex Zika can be passed through sex from a person who has Zika to his or her partners. Zika can be passed through sex, even if the infected person does not have symptoms at the time. It can be passed from a person with Zika before their symptoms start, while they have symptoms, and after their symptoms end.

Though not well documented, the virus may also be passed by a person who carries the virus but never develops symptoms. Studies are underway to find out how long Zika stays in the semen and vaginal fluids of people who have Zika, and how long it can be passed to sex partners. We know that Zika can remain in semen longer than in other body fluids, including vaginal fluids, urine, and blood.

•From a pregnant woman to her fetus A pregnant woman can pass Zika virus to her fetus during pregnancy. Zika is a cause of microcephaly and other severe fetal brain defects. We are studying the full range of other potential health problems that Zika virus infection during pregnancy may cause.

A pregnant woman already infected with Zika virus can pass the virus to her fetus during the pregnancy or around the time of birth. To date, there are no reports of infants getting Zika virus through breastfeeding. Because of the benefits of breastfeeding, mothers are encouraged to breastfeed even in areas where Zika virus is found.

•Through laboratory exposure Prior to the current outbreak, there were four reports of laboratory acquired Zika virus infections, although the route of transmission was not clearly established in all cases. As of June 15, 2016, there has been one reported case of laboratory-acquired Zika virus disease in the United States

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IMPORTANT TO KNOW

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